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id="toc-Construction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Air_supply" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_supply"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Air supply</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_supply-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Bag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chanter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chanter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Chanter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chanter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chanter_reed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chanter_reed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Chanter reed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chanter_reed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Drone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Possible_ancient_origins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Possible_ancient_origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Possible ancient origins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Possible_ancient_origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spread_and_development_in_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spread_and_development_in_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Spread and development in Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spread_and_development_in_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Recent history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Modern usage</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modern_usage-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Modern usage subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Modern_usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Types_of_bagpipes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_bagpipes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Types of bagpipes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types_of_bagpipes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Image_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Image_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Image gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Image_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usage_in_non-traditional_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_in_non-traditional_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Usage in non-traditional music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_in_non-traditional_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Publications</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Publications-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Publications subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Periodicals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Periodicals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Periodicals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Periodicals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bagpipes</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 70 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-70" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">70 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doedelsak" title="Doedelsak – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Doedelsak" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A9" title="مزمار القربة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مزمار القربة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaita" title="Gaita – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gaita" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1ita" title="Gáita – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Gáita" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Волинка – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Волинка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binio%C3%B9" title="Binioù – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Binioù" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornamusa" title="Cornamusa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cornamusa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%C4%83%D0%BF%C4%83%D1%80_(%D0%BA%C4%95%D0%B2%C4%95_%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%C4%95%D1%80%C4%95)" title="Шăпăр (кĕвĕ хатĕрĕ) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шăпăр (кĕвĕ хатĕрĕ)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dudy" title="Dudy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dudy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pibgod" title="Pibgod – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pibgod" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A6kkepibe" title="Sækkepibe – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sækkepibe" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sackpfeife" title="Sackpfeife – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sackpfeife" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torupill" title="Torupill – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Torupill" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Άσκαυλος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άσκαυλος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaita" title="Gaita – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gaita" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sak%C5%9Dalmo" title="Sakŝalmo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sakŝalmo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xirolarru" title="Xirolarru – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Xirolarru" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="نی‌انبان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نی‌انبان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornemuse" title="Cornemuse – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cornemuse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ADb_mh%C3%A1la" title="Píb mhála – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Píb mhála" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaita" title="Gaita – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gaita" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%95_%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82" title="મશક વાજું – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મશક વાજું" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%B1%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%B4%ED%94%84" title="백파이프 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="백파이프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AA" title="बैगपाइप – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बैगपाइप" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajde" title="Gajde – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gajde" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kornamuzo" title="Kornamuzo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kornamuzo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tas_pipa" title="Tas pipa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tas pipa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornamusa" title="Cornamusa – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cornamusa" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7" title="Лалым уадындз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Лалым уадындз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornamusa" title="Cornamusa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cornamusa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D" title="חמת חלילים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חמת חלילים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="გუდასტვირი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გუდასტვირი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Желқобыз – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Желқобыз" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Волынка – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Волынка" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%B9%D0%B2%D3%B9%D1%80" title="Шӹвӹр – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Шӹвӹр" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibia_utricularis" title="Tibia utricularis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tibia utricularis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%ABdas" title="Dūdas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dūdas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duddelsak" title="Duddelsak – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Duddelsak" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%ABdmai%C5%A1is" title="Dūdmaišis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dūdmaišis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doedelzak" title="Doedelzak – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Doedelzak" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duda_(hangszer)" title="Duda (hangszer) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Duda (hangszer)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="مزمار القرب – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مزمار القرب" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begpaip" title="Begpaip – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Begpaip" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaita_de_fuolhes" title="Gaita de fuolhes – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Gaita de fuolhes" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehuatlapitzalli" title="Ehuatlapitzalli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Ehuatlapitzalli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doedelzak" title="Doedelzak – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Doedelzak" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%82%B0%E3%83%91%E3%82%A4%E3%83%97" title="バグパイプ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バグパイプ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekkepipe" title="Sekkepipe – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sekkepipe" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekkepipe" title="Sekkepipe – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sekkepipe" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%B1%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Шӱвыр – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Шӱвыр" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dudy" title="Dudy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dudy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaita_de_fole" title="Gaita de fole – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gaita de fole" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulup_zurna" title="Tulup zurna – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Tulup zurna" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Волынка – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Волынка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagpipe" title="Bagpipe – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Bagpipe" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagpipes" title="Bagpipes – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bagpipes" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajdy" title="Gajdy – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gajdy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dude" title="Dude – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dude" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Гајде – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гајде" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajde" title="Gajde – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gajde" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4kkipilli" title="Säkkipilli – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Säkkipilli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4ckpipa" title="Säckpipa – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Säckpipa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaita" title="Gaita – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Gaita" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipsak" title="Pipsak – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Pipsak" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E7%AC%9B" title="风笛 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="风笛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A2%A8%E7%AC%9B" title="風笛 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="風笛" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E7%AC%9B" title="风笛 – Chinese" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Bagpipes%22">"Bagpipes"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Bagpipes%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Bagpipes%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Bagpipes%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Bagpipes%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Bagpipes%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 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.infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Bagpipe</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaiteros_Galicia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Gaiteros_Galicia.jpg/250px-Gaiteros_Galicia.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Gaiteros_Galicia.jpg/375px-Gaiteros_Galicia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Gaiteros_Galicia.jpg/500px-Gaiteros_Galicia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="652" data-file-height="359" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Bagpipers from <a href="/wiki/Asturias" title="Asturias">Asturias</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #f4bf92"><a href="/wiki/Woodwind_instrument" title="Woodwind instrument">Woodwind instrument</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument_classification" title="Musical instrument classification">Classification</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerophone" title="Aerophone">Aerophone</a></li> <li>Wind</li> <li>Woodwind</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Hornbostel%E2%80%93Sachs" title="Hornbostel–Sachs">Hornbostel–Sachs classification</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left">422.112<br />(<a href="/wiki/Reed_aerophone" title="Reed aerophone">Reed aerophone</a> with conical bore)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #f4bf92"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument" title="Musical instrument">Related instruments</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">Oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawm" title="Shawm">Shawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassoon" title="Bassoon">Bassoon</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #f4bf92">Musicians</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bagpipers" title="List of bagpipers">List of bagpipers</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Bagpipes</b> are a <a href="/wiki/Woodwind_instrument" title="Woodwind instrument">woodwind instrument</a> using enclosed <a href="/wiki/Reed_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reed (music)">reeds</a> fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag. The <a href="/wiki/Great_Highland_bagpipe" title="Great Highland bagpipe">Great Highland bagpipes</a> are well known, but people have played bagpipes for centuries throughout large parts of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Africa">Northern Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Asia">Western Asia</a>, around the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a> and northern parts of <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>. </p><p>The term <i>bagpipe</i> is equally correct in the singular or the plural, though pipers usually refer to the bagpipes as "the pipes", "a set of pipes" or "a stand of pipes".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Construction">Construction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table align="right"> <tbody><tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Skye_Boat_Song.ogg" title="File:Skye Boat Song.ogg">Skye Boat Song</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="60" data-mwtitle="Skye_Boat_Song.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Skye_Boat_Song.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/Skye_Boat_Song.ogg/Skye_Boat_Song.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">An adaptation of "<a href="/wiki/The_Skye_Boat_Song" title="The Skye Boat Song">The Skye Boat Song</a>" for Great Highland bagpipes played by the Clan Stewart Pipe Band.</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cantiga_bagpipes_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cantiga_bagpipes_1.jpg/220px-Cantiga_bagpipes_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cantiga_bagpipes_1.jpg/330px-Cantiga_bagpipes_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cantiga_bagpipes_1.jpg/440px-Cantiga_bagpipes_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="892" data-file-height="824" /></a><figcaption>A detail from the <a href="/wiki/Cantigas_de_Santa_Maria" title="Cantigas de Santa Maria">Cantigas de Santa Maria</a> showing bagpipes with one chanter and a parallel drone (Spain, 13th century).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bagpipe_en.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Bagpipe_en.PNG" decoding="async" width="209" height="272" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="209" data-file-height="272" /></a><figcaption>On this Bulgarian gajda, the chanter is the short gray pipe at the top, while the drone is the long three-section pipe.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hieronymus_Bosch_068.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Hieronymus_Bosch_068.jpg/220px-Hieronymus_Bosch_068.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Hieronymus_Bosch_068.jpg/330px-Hieronymus_Bosch_068.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Hieronymus_Bosch_068.jpg/440px-Hieronymus_Bosch_068.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2536" data-file-height="3075" /></a><figcaption>A detail from a painting by <a href="/wiki/Hieronymus_Bosch" title="Hieronymus Bosch">Hieronymus Bosch</a> showing two bagpipers (15th century).</figcaption></figure> <p>A set of bagpipes minimally consists of an air supply, a bag, a <a href="/wiki/Chanter" title="Chanter">chanter</a>, and usually at least one <a href="/wiki/Drone_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Drone (music)">drone</a>. Many bagpipes have more than one drone (and, sometimes, more than one chanter) in various combinations, held in place in stocks—sockets that fasten the various pipes to the bag. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_supply">Air supply</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Air supply"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most common method of supplying air to the bag is through blowing into a blowpipe or blowstick. In some pipes the player must cover the tip of the blowpipe with the tongue while inhaling, in order to prevent unwanted deflation of the bag, but most blowpipes have a non-return valve that eliminates this need. In recent times, there are many instruments that assist in creating a clean air flow to the pipes and assist the collection of condensation. </p><p>The use of a <a href="/wiki/Bellows" title="Bellows">bellows</a> to supply air is an innovation dating from the <a href="/wiki/16th_century" title="16th century">16th</a> or <a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th</a> century. In these pipes, sometimes called "<a href="/wiki/Cauld_wind_pipes_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cauld wind pipes (disambiguation)">cauld wind pipes</a>", air is not heated or moistened by the player's breathing, so bellows-driven bagpipes can use more refined or delicate reeds. Such pipes include the Irish <a href="/wiki/Uilleann_pipes" title="Uilleann pipes">uilleann pipes</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Border_pipes" title="Border pipes">border or Lowland pipes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_smallpipes" title="Scottish smallpipes">Scottish smallpipes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northumbrian_smallpipes" title="Northumbrian smallpipes">Northumbrian smallpipes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pastoral_pipes" title="Pastoral pipes">pastoral pipes</a> in Britain; the <a href="/wiki/Musette_de_cour" title="Musette de cour">musette de cour</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Musette_bechonnet" title="Musette bechonnet">musette bechonnet</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cabrette" title="Cabrette">cabrette</a> in France; and the <a href="/wiki/Dudy" class="mw-redirect" title="Dudy">Dudy</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dudy" class="extiw" title="pl:Dudy">pl</a>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Kozio%C5%82_(bagpipe)" title="Kozioł (bagpipe)">koziol bialy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Koziol_czarny" class="mw-redirect" title="Koziol czarny">koziol czarny</a> in Poland. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bag">Bag</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The bag is an airtight reservoir that holds air and regulates its flow via arm pressure, allowing the player to maintain continuous, even sound. The player keeps the bag inflated by blowing air into it through a blowpipe or by pumping air into it with a bellows. Materials used for bags vary widely, but the most common are the skins of local animals such as goats, dogs, sheep, and cows. More recently, bags made of synthetic materials including <a href="/wiki/Gore-Tex" title="Gore-Tex">Gore-Tex</a> have become much more common. Some synthetic bags have <a href="/wiki/Zipper" title="Zipper">zips</a> that allow the player to fit a more effective moisture trap to the inside of the bag. However, synthetic bags still carry a risk of colonisation by fungal spores, and the associated danger of lung infection if they are not kept clean, even if they otherwise require less cleaning than do bags made from natural substances. </p><p>Bags cut from larger materials are usually <a href="/wiki/Saddle_stitch" title="Saddle stitch">saddle-stitched</a> with an extra strip folded over the seam and stitched (for skin bags) or glued (for synthetic bags) to reduce leaks. Holes are then cut to accommodate the stocks. In the case of bags made from largely intact animal skins, the stocks are typically tied into the points where the limbs and the head joined the body of the whole animal, a construction technique common in <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central Europe</a>. Different regions have different ways of treating the hide. The simplest methods involve just the use of salt, while more complex treatments involve <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flour" title="Flour">flour</a>, and the removal of fur. The hide is normally turned inside out so that the fur is on the inside of the bag, as this helps to reduce the effect of moisture buildup within the bag. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chanter">Chanter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Chanter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chanter" title="Chanter">Chanter</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thechanter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Thechanter.jpg/220px-Thechanter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Thechanter.jpg/330px-Thechanter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Thechanter.jpg/440px-Thechanter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="452" /></a><figcaption>A Great Highland bagpipe <a href="/wiki/Practice_chanter" title="Practice chanter">practice chanter</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The chanter is the <a href="/wiki/Melody" title="Melody">melody</a> pipe, played with two hands. All bagpipes have at least one chanter; some pipes have two chanters, particularly those in North Africa, in the Balkans, and in Southwest Asia. A chanter can be bored internally so that the inside walls are parallel (or "cylindrical") for its full length, or it can be bored in a conical shape. Popular woods include <a href="/wiki/Buxus" title="Buxus">boxwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornus_mas" title="Cornus mas">cornel</a>, plum or other fruit wood. </p><p>The chanter is usually open-ended, so there is no easy way for the player to stop the pipe from sounding. Thus most bagpipes share a constant <a href="/wiki/Legato" title="Legato">legato</a> sound with no <a href="/wiki/Rest_(music)" title="Rest (music)">rests</a> in the music. Primarily because of this inability to stop playing, technical movements are made to break up notes and to create the illusion of articulation and accents. Because of their importance, these embellishments (or "ornaments") are often highly technical systems specific to each bagpipe, and take many years of study to master. A few bagpipes (such as the musette de cour, the <a href="/wiki/Uilleann_pipes" title="Uilleann pipes">uilleann pipes</a>, the Northumbrian smallpipes, the <a href="/wiki/Piva_(bagpipe)" title="Piva (bagpipe)">piva</a> and the left chanter of the <a href="/wiki/Surdelina" title="Surdelina">surdelina</a>) have closed ends or stop the end on the player's leg, so that when the player "closes" (covers all the holes), the chanter becomes silent. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Practice_chanter" title="Practice chanter">practice chanter</a> is a chanter without bag or drones and has a much quieter reed, allowing a player to practice the instrument quietly and with no variables other than playing the chanter. </p><p>The term <i>chanter</i> is derived from the Latin <i>cantare</i>, or "to sing", much like the modern French verb meaning "to sing", <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/chanter#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:chanter">chanter</a></i>. </p><p>A distinctive feature of the gaida's chanter (which it shares with a number of other Eastern European bagpipes) is the "flea-hole" (also known as a <i>mumbler</i> or <i>voicer</i>, <i>marmorka</i>) which is covered by the index finger of the left hand. The flea-hole is smaller than the rest and usually consists of a small tube that is made out of metal or a chicken or duck feather. Uncovering the flea-hole raises any note played by a half step, and it is used in creating the <a href="/wiki/Musical_ornamentation" class="mw-redirect" title="Musical ornamentation">musical ornamentation</a> that gives <a href="/wiki/Balkan_music" title="Balkan music">Balkan music</a> its unique character. </p><p>Some types of gaida can have a double bored chanter, such as the Serbian three-voiced gajde. It has eight fingerholes: the top four are covered by the thumb and the first three fingers of the left hand, then the four fingers of the right hand cover the remaining four holes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chanter_reed">Chanter reed</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Chanter reed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The note from the chanter is produced by a <a href="/wiki/Reed_(instrument)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reed (instrument)">reed</a> installed at its top. The reed may be a <a href="/wiki/Single-reed_instrument" title="Single-reed instrument">single</a> (a reed with one vibrating tongue) or <a href="/wiki/Double_reed" title="Double reed">double reed</a> (of two pieces that vibrate against each other). Double reeds are used with both conical- and parallel-bored chanters while single reeds are generally (although not exclusively) limited to parallel-bored chanters. In general, double-reed chanters are found in pipes of Western Europe while single-reed chanters appear in most other regions. </p><p>They are made from reed (<i><a href="/wiki/Arundo_donax" title="Arundo donax">arundo donax</a></i> or <a href="/wiki/Phragmites" title="Phragmites">Phragmites</a>), <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Elderberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Elderberry">elder</a>. A more modern variant for the reed is a combination of a cotton phenolic (Hgw2082) material from which the body of the reed is made and a clarinet reed cut to size in order to fit the body. These type of reeds produce a louder sound and are not so sensitive to humidity and temperature changes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drone">Drone</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Drone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most bagpipes have at least one <a href="/wiki/Drone_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Drone (music)">drone</a>, a pipe that generally is not fingered but rather produces a constant harmonizing note throughout play (usually the <a href="/wiki/Tonic_(music)" title="Tonic (music)">tonic</a> note of the chanter). Exceptions are generally those pipes that have a double-chanter instead. A drone is most commonly a cylindrically bored tube with a single reed, although drones with double reeds exist. The drone is generally designed in two or more parts with a sliding joint so that the pitch of the drone can be adjusted. </p><p>Depending on the type of pipes, the drones may lie over the shoulder, across the arm opposite the bag, or may run parallel to the chanter. Some drones have a tuning screw, which effectively alters the length of the drone by opening a hole, allowing the drone to be tuned to two or more distinct pitches. The tuning screw may also shut off the drone altogether. In most types of pipes with one drone, it is pitched two octaves below the tonic of the chanter. Additional drones often add the octave below and then a drone consonant with the fifth of the chanter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Possible_ancient_origins">Possible ancient origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Possible ancient origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The evidence for bagpipes prior to the 13th century AD is still uncertain, but several textual and visual clues have been suggested. The <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_History_of_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford History of Music">Oxford History of Music</a></i> posits that a sculpture of bagpipes has been found on a <a href="/wiki/Hittites" title="Hittites">Hittite</a> slab at <a href="/wiki/Euyuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Euyuk">Euyuk</a> in Anatolia, dated to 1000 BC. Another interpretation of this sculpture suggests that it instead depicts a <a href="/wiki/Pan_flute" title="Pan flute">pan flute</a> played along with a <a href="/wiki/Friction_drum" title="Friction drum">friction drum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vereno_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vereno-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several authors identify the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">ancient Greek</a> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">askaulos</i></span> (ἀσκός <i>askos</i> – <a href="/wiki/Wine-skin" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine-skin">wine-skin</a>, αὐλός <i><a href="/wiki/Aulos" title="Aulos">aulos</a></i> – reed pipe) with the bagpipe.<sup id="cite_ref-google15_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google15-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 2nd century AD, <a href="/wiki/Suetonius" title="Suetonius">Suetonius</a> described the Roman emperor <a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a> as a player of the <i>tibia utricularis</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dio_Chrysostom" title="Dio Chrysostom">Dio Chrysostom</a> wrote in the 1st century of a contemporary sovereign (possibly Nero) who could play a pipe (<a href="/wiki/Tibia_(instrument)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibia (instrument)">tibia</a>, Roman reedpipes similar to Greek and Etruscan instruments) with his mouth as well as by tucking a bladder beneath his armpit.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vereno<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (November 2022)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> suggests that such instruments, rather than being seen as an independent class, were understood as variants on mouth-blown instruments that used a bag as an alternative blowing aid and that it was not until drones were added in the European Medieval era that bagpipes were seen as a distinct class.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spread_and_development_in_Europe">Spread and development in Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Spread and development in Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Santes_Creus_Bagpiper.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Santes_Creus_Bagpiper.JPG/220px-Santes_Creus_Bagpiper.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Santes_Creus_Bagpiper.JPG/330px-Santes_Creus_Bagpiper.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Santes_Creus_Bagpiper.JPG/440px-Santes_Creus_Bagpiper.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Medieval bagpiper at the <a href="/wiki/Cistercian" class="mw-redirect" title="Cistercian">Cistercian</a> monastery of <a href="/wiki/Santes_Creus" title="Santes Creus">Santes Creus</a>, Catalonia, Spain</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Image_of_Irelande_-_plate02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/The_Image_of_Irelande_-_plate02.jpg/220px-The_Image_of_Irelande_-_plate02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/The_Image_of_Irelande_-_plate02.jpg/330px-The_Image_of_Irelande_-_plate02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/The_Image_of_Irelande_-_plate02.jpg/440px-The_Image_of_Irelande_-_plate02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="790" /></a><figcaption><i>Image of Irelande</i>, Military use of the bagpipe dated 1581</figcaption></figure> <p>In the early part of the second millennium, representation of bagpipes began to appear with frequency in Western European art and iconography. The <a href="/wiki/Cantigas_de_Santa_Maria" title="Cantigas de Santa Maria">Cantigas de Santa Maria</a>, written in <a href="/wiki/Galician-Portuguese" class="mw-redirect" title="Galician-Portuguese">Galician-Portuguese</a> and compiled in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a> in the mid-13th century, depicts several types of bagpipes.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several illustrations of bagpipes also appear in the <i>Chronique dite de Baudoin d’Avesnes</i>, a 13th-century manuscript of northern French origin.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although evidence of bagpipes in the British Isles prior to the 14th century is contested, they are explicitly mentioned in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Canterbury_Tales" title="The Canterbury Tales">The Canterbury Tales</a></i> (written around 1380):<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>A baggepype wel coude he blowe and sowne, /And ther-with-al he broghte us out of towne.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Canterbury Tales</cite></div></blockquote> <p>Bagpipes were also frequent subjects for carvers of wooden choir stalls in the late 15th and early 16th century throughout Europe, sometimes with animal musicians.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Actual specimens of bagpipes from before the 18th century are extremely rare; however, a substantial number of paintings, carvings, engravings, and manuscript illuminations survive. These artefacts are clear evidence that bagpipes varied widely throughout Europe, and even within individual regions. Many examples of early folk bagpipes in continental Europe can be found in the paintings of Brueghel, Teniers, Jordaens, and Durer.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The earliest known artefact identified as a part of a bagpipe is a chanter found in 1985 at <a href="/wiki/Rostock" title="Rostock">Rostock</a>, Germany, that has been dated to the late 14th century or the first quarter of the 15th century.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Bagpipe_Player_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Bagpipe_Player_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Bagpipe_Player_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Bagpipe_Player_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Bagpipe_Player_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Bagpipe_Player_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Bagpipe_Player_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7729" data-file-height="9346" /></a><figcaption><i>De doedelzakspeler</i> ("Bagpipe Player"), <a href="/wiki/Hendrick_ter_Brugghen" title="Hendrick ter Brugghen">Hendrick ter Brugghen</a>, 1624</figcaption></figure> <p>The first clear reference to the use of the Scottish <a href="/wiki/Highland_bagpipes" class="mw-redirect" title="Highland bagpipes">Highland bagpipes</a> is from a French history that mentions their use at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pinkie" title="Battle of Pinkie">Battle of Pinkie</a> in 1547. <a href="/wiki/George_Buchanan" title="George Buchanan">George Buchanan</a> (1506–82) claimed that bagpipes had replaced the trumpet on the battlefield. This period saw the creation of the <i>ceòl mór</i> (great music) of the bagpipe, which reflected its martial origins, with battle tunes, marches, gatherings, salutes and laments.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Highlands of the early 17th century saw the development of piping families including the <a href="/wiki/MacCrimmon_(piping_family)" title="MacCrimmon (piping family)">MacCrimmonds</a>, MacArthurs, <a href="/wiki/Clan_Gregor" title="Clan Gregor">MacGregors</a>, and the Mackays of <a href="/wiki/Gairloch" title="Gairloch">Gairloch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Porterp35_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Porterp35-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The earliest Irish mention of the bagpipe is in 1206, approximately thirty years after the Anglo-Norman invasion;<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> another mention attributes their use to Irish troops in Henry VIII's <a href="/wiki/Sieges_of_Boulogne_(1544%E2%80%9346)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sieges of Boulogne (1544–46)">siege of Boulogne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Illustrations in the 1581 book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Image_of_Irelande" class="mw-redirect" title="The Image of Irelande">The Image of Irelande</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Derricke" title="John Derricke">John Derricke</a> clearly depict a bagpiper. Derricke's illustrations are considered to be reasonably faithful depictions of the attire and equipment of the English and Irish population of the 16th century.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The "Battell" sequence from <i><a href="/wiki/My_Ladye_Nevells_Booke" title="My Ladye Nevells Booke">My Ladye Nevells Booke</a></i> (1591) by <a href="/wiki/William_Byrd" title="William Byrd">William Byrd</a>, which probably alludes to the Irish wars of 1578, contains a piece entitled <i>The bagpipe: & the drone</i>. In 1760, the first serious study of the Scottish Highland bagpipe and its music was attempted in Joseph MacDonald's <i>Compleat Theory</i>. A manuscript from the 1730s by a <a href="/wiki/William_Dixon_manuscript" title="William Dixon manuscript">William Dixon</a> of <a href="/wiki/Northumberland" title="Northumberland">Northumberland</a> contains music that fits the <a href="/wiki/Border_pipes" title="Border pipes">border pipes</a>, a nine-note bellows-blown bagpipe with a chanter similar to that of the modern <a href="/wiki/Great_Highland_bagpipe" title="Great Highland bagpipe">Great Highland bagpipe</a>. However, the music in Dixon's manuscript varied greatly from modern Highland bagpipe tunes, consisting mostly of extended variation sets of common dance tunes. Some of the tunes in the Dixon manuscript correspond to those found in the early 19th century manuscript sources of <a href="/wiki/Northumbrian_smallpipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Northumbrian smallpipe">Northumbrian smallpipe</a> tunes, notably the rare book of 50 tunes, many with variations, by <a href="/wiki/John_Peacock_(piper)" title="John Peacock (piper)">John Peacock</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Merry_brothers_1887.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Merry_brothers_1887.jpg/220px-Merry_brothers_1887.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Merry_brothers_1887.jpg/330px-Merry_brothers_1887.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Merry_brothers_1887.jpg/440px-Merry_brothers_1887.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4092" data-file-height="2735" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Happy_Brothers" title="Happy Brothers">Happy Brothers</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Uro%C5%A1_Predi%C4%87" title="Uroš Predić">Uroš Predić</a> (1887)</figcaption></figure> <p>As Western classical music developed, both in terms of musical sophistication and instrumental technology, bagpipes in many regions fell out of favour because of their limited range and function. This triggered a long, slow decline that continued, in most cases, into the 20th century. </p><p>Extensive and documented collections of traditional bagpipes may be found at the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> in New York City, the <a href="/wiki/International_Bagpipe_Museum" title="International Bagpipe Museum">International Bagpipe Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gij%C3%B3n" title="Gijón">Gijón</a>, Spain, the <a href="/wiki/Pitt_Rivers_Museum" title="Pitt Rivers Museum">Pitt Rivers Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>, England and the <a href="/wiki/Morpeth_Chantry_Bagpipe_Museum" title="Morpeth Chantry Bagpipe Museum">Morpeth Chantry Bagpipe Museum</a> in Northumberland, and the <a href="/wiki/Musical_Instrument_Museum_(Phoenix)" title="Musical Instrument Museum (Phoenix)">Musical Instrument Museum</a> in Phoenix, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MDF_Strakonice,_2018,_09_Anglie_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/MDF_Strakonice%2C_2018%2C_09_Anglie_02.jpg/220px-MDF_Strakonice%2C_2018%2C_09_Anglie_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/MDF_Strakonice%2C_2018%2C_09_Anglie_02.jpg/330px-MDF_Strakonice%2C_2018%2C_09_Anglie_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/MDF_Strakonice%2C_2018%2C_09_Anglie_02.jpg/440px-MDF_Strakonice%2C_2018%2C_09_Anglie_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>International Bagpipe Festival, Strakonice, 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Bagpipe_Festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Bagpipe Festival (page does not exist)">International Bagpipe Festival</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezin%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_dud%C3%A1ck%C3%BD_festival_ve_Strakonic%C3%ADch" class="extiw" title="cs:Mezinárodní dudácký festival ve Strakonicích">cs</a>]</span> is held every two years in <a href="/wiki/Strakonice" title="Strakonice">Strakonice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_history">Recent history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Recent history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Afghanistan_bagpiper.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Afghanistan_bagpiper.jpg/220px-Afghanistan_bagpiper.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Afghanistan_bagpiper.jpg/330px-Afghanistan_bagpiper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Afghanistan_bagpiper.jpg/440px-Afghanistan_bagpiper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3872" /></a><figcaption> A Canadian soldier plays the bagpipes during the war in Afghanistan. Bagpipes are frequently used during funerals and memorials, especially among fire department, military and police forces in the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Commonwealth realms, and the U.S.</figcaption></figure> <p>During the expansion of the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>, spearheaded by British military forces that included <a href="/wiki/Scottish_regiment#Highland_Regiments" title="Scottish regiment">Highland regiments</a>, the Scottish Great Highland bagpipe became well known worldwide. This surge in popularity was boosted by large numbers of pipers trained for military service in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. This coincided with a decline in the popularity of many traditional forms of bagpipe throughout Europe, which began to be displaced by instruments from the classical tradition and later by gramophone and radio. </p><p>As pipers were easily identifiable, combat losses were high, estimated at one thousand in World War I. A front line role was prohibited following high losses in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_El_Alamein" title="Second Battle of El Alamein">Second Battle of El Alamein</a> in 1943, though a few later instances occurred. </p><p>In the United Kingdom and <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth Nations">Commonwealth Nations</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Great_Highland_bagpipe" title="Great Highland bagpipe">Great Highland bagpipe</a> is commonly used in the military and is often played during formal ceremonies. Foreign militaries patterned after the British army have also adopted the Highland bagpipe, including those of <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>. Many police and fire services in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> have also adopted the tradition of fielding pipe bands. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bagpiper_in_Edinburgh_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Bagpiper_in_Edinburgh_001.jpg/220px-Bagpiper_in_Edinburgh_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Bagpiper_in_Edinburgh_001.jpg/330px-Bagpiper_in_Edinburgh_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Bagpiper_in_Edinburgh_001.jpg/440px-Bagpiper_in_Edinburgh_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4272" /></a><figcaption>A bagpiper <a href="/wiki/Busking" class="mw-redirect" title="Busking">busking</a> with the Great Highland bagpipe on the street in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In recent years, often driven by revivals of native folk music and dance, many types of bagpipes have enjoyed a resurgence in popularity and, in many cases, instruments that had fallen into obscurity have become extremely popular. In <a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</a>, the Great Highland bagpipe and concept of the <a href="/wiki/Pipe_band" title="Pipe band">pipe band</a> were appropriated to create a Breton interpretation known as the <a href="/wiki/Bagad" title="Bagad">bagad</a>. The pipe-band idiom has also been adopted and applied to the <a href="/wiki/Galician_bagpipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Galician bagpipe">Galician gaita</a> as well. Bagpipes have often been used in various films depicting moments from Scottish and Irish history; the film <i><a href="/wiki/Braveheart" title="Braveheart">Braveheart</a></i> and the theatrical show <i><a href="/wiki/Riverdance" title="Riverdance">Riverdance</a></i> have served to make the uilleann pipes more commonly known. </p><p>Bagpipes are sometimes played at formal events at Commonwealth universities, particularly in Canada. Because of Scottish influences on the sport of <a href="/wiki/Curling" title="Curling">curling</a>, bagpipes are also the official instrument of the <a href="/wiki/World_Curling_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="World Curling Federation">World Curling Federation</a> and are commonly played during a ceremonial procession of teams before major curling championships. </p><p> Bagpipe making was once a craft that produced instruments in many distinctive, local and traditional styles. Today, the world's largest producer of the instrument is <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, where the industry was worth $6.8 million in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the late 20th century, various models of <a href="/wiki/Electronic_bagpipes" title="Electronic bagpipes">electronic bagpipes</a> were invented. The first custom-built <a href="/wiki/MIDI" title="MIDI">MIDI</a> bagpipes were developed by the Asturian piper known as <a href="/wiki/Hevia" title="Hevia">Hevia</a> (José Ángel Hevia Velasco).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_2" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm/220px--FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="104" data-mwtitle="FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm/FIL_2016_-_The_City_Of_Auckland_Pipe_Band_-_4780.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Bagpipes players from <i>The City Of Auckland Pipe Band</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Astronaut <a href="/wiki/Kjell_N._Lindgren" title="Kjell N. Lindgren">Kjell N. Lindgren</a> is thought to be the first person to play the bagpipes in <a href="/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space">outer space</a>, having played "<a href="/wiki/Amazing_Grace" title="Amazing Grace">Amazing Grace</a>" in tribute to late research scientist Victor Hurst aboard the <a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a> in November 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC2015_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC2015-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Traditionally, one of the purposes of the bagpipe was to provide music for dancing. This has declined with the growth of dance bands, recordings, and the decline of traditional dance. In turn, this has led to many types of pipes developing a performance-led tradition, and indeed much modern music based on the dance music tradition played on bagpipes is suitable for use as dance music.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_usage">Modern usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Modern usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Types_of_bagpipes">Types of bagpipes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Types of bagpipes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_bagpipes" title="List of bagpipes">List of bagpipes</a></div> <p>Numerous types of bagpipes today are widely spread across Europe, the Middle East and North Africa as well as through much of the former <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>. The name bagpipe has almost become synonymous with its best-known form, the <a href="/wiki/Great_Highland_bagpipe" title="Great Highland bagpipe">Great Highland bagpipe</a>, overshadowing the great number and variety of traditional forms of bagpipe. Despite the decline of these other types of pipes over the last few centuries, in recent years many of these pipes have seen a resurgence or revival as musicians have sought them out; for example, the <a href="/wiki/Uilleann_pipes" title="Uilleann pipes">Irish piping tradition</a>, which by the mid 20th century had declined to a handful of master players is today alive, well, and flourishing, a situation similar to that of the <a href="/wiki/Gaita_asturiana" title="Gaita asturiana">Asturian gaita</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Galician_gaita" title="Galician gaita">Galician gaita</a>, the Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Gaita_transmontana" title="Gaita transmontana">gaita transmontana</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Aragon" title="Aragon">Aragonese</a> <a href="/wiki/Gaita_de_boto" title="Gaita de boto">gaita de boto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northumbrian_smallpipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Northumbrian smallpipe">Northumbrian smallpipes</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Breton_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Breton people">Breton</a> <a href="/wiki/Biniou" class="mw-redirect" title="Biniou">biniou</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Balkan" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan">Balkan</a> <a href="/wiki/Gaida" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaida">gaida</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanian</a> <a href="/wiki/Cimpoi" title="Cimpoi">cimpoi</a>, the Black Sea <a href="/wiki/Tulum_(bagpipe)" title="Tulum (bagpipe)">tulum</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_smallpipes" title="Scottish smallpipes">Scottish smallpipes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pastoral_pipes" title="Pastoral pipes">pastoral pipes</a>, as well as other varieties. Bulgaria has the <a href="/wiki/Kaba_gaida" title="Kaba gaida">Kaba gaida</a>, a large bagpipe of the <a href="/wiki/Rhodope_mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodope mountains">Rhodope mountains</a> with a hexagonal and rounded drone, often described as a deep-sounding gaida and the Dzhura gaida with a straight conical drone and of a higher <a href="/wiki/Pitch_(music)" title="Pitch (music)">pitch</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonian</a> gaida is structurally between a kaba and dzhura gaida and described as a medium pitched gaida. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">Southeastern Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern Europe</a> bagpipes known as <i><b>gaida</b></i> include: the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>: <i lang="sq">gajde, mishnica, bishnica</i>, <a href="/wiki/Aromanian_language" title="Aromanian language">Aromanian</a>: <i lang="rup">gaidã</i>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">гайда</span> (<span title="Bulgarian-language text"><i lang="bg-Latn">gaida</i></span>), <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">γκάιντα</span> (<span title="Greek-language text"><i lang="el-Latn">gáida</i></span>) <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">τσαμπούνα</span></span> (<span title="Greek-language text"><i lang="el-Latn">tsaboúna</i></span>) or <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">ασκομαντουρα</span></span> (<span title="Greek-language text"><i lang="el-Latn">askomandoura</i></span>), <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a>: <span lang="mk">гајда</span> (<i><span title="Macedonian-language text"><i lang="mk-Latn">gajda</i></span></i>), <a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbo-Croatian language">Serbo-Croatian</a>: <span lang="sh">gajda/гајда</span>, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr">gayda</i> also <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">tulum</i></span> and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">gayda / ґайда</span>. </p><p>In Tunisia, it is known by the name "<a href="/wiki/Mizwad" title="Mizwad">mezwed</a>". It is used in the Tunisian pop music genre, also called <a href="/wiki/Mezwed" title="Mezwed">mezwed</a>, that is named after the instrument. </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Image_gallery">Image gallery</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Image gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mezoued.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Mezoued.gif/220px-Mezoued.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="339" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Mezoued.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Tunisian <a href="/wiki/Mizwad" title="Mizwad">Mizwad</a></figcaption></figure> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mmexport1647183006419.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Piper in Petrash, Jordan"><img alt="Piper in Petrash, Jordan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Mmexport1647183006419.jpg/90px-Mmexport1647183006419.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Mmexport1647183006419.jpg/135px-Mmexport1647183006419.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Mmexport1647183006419.jpg/180px-Mmexport1647183006419.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1276" data-file-height="1702" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Piper in Petrash, Jordan</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BulgarianKabaGaidaPlayer.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bulgarian Kaba gaida player."><img alt="Bulgarian Kaba gaida player." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/BulgarianKabaGaidaPlayer.jpg/80px-BulgarianKabaGaidaPlayer.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/BulgarianKabaGaidaPlayer.jpg/121px-BulgarianKabaGaidaPlayer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/BulgarianKabaGaidaPlayer.jpg/161px-BulgarianKabaGaidaPlayer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1074" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bulgarian <a href="/wiki/Kaba_gaida" title="Kaba gaida">Kaba gaida</a> player.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bag_piper,_Padre,_Currie_Hall,_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada,_fall_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Scottish Great Highland bagpipe played at a Canadian military function."><img alt="The Scottish Great Highland bagpipe played at a Canadian military function." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Bag_piper%2C_Padre%2C_Currie_Hall%2C_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada%2C_fall_2011.jpg/50px-Bag_piper%2C_Padre%2C_Currie_Hall%2C_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada%2C_fall_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Bag_piper%2C_Padre%2C_Currie_Hall%2C_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada%2C_fall_2011.jpg/75px-Bag_piper%2C_Padre%2C_Currie_Hall%2C_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada%2C_fall_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Bag_piper%2C_Padre%2C_Currie_Hall%2C_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada%2C_fall_2011.jpg/100px-Bag_piper%2C_Padre%2C_Currie_Hall%2C_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada%2C_fall_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="925" data-file-height="2203" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Scottish Great Highland bagpipe played at a Canadian military function.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baghet_suonatore.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A musician with a Northern Italian Baghèt wearing traditional dress."><img alt="A musician with a Northern Italian Baghèt wearing traditional dress." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Baghet_suonatore.jpg/90px-Baghet_suonatore.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Baghet_suonatore.jpg/135px-Baghet_suonatore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Baghet_suonatore.jpg/180px-Baghet_suonatore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A musician with a Northern Italian <a href="/wiki/Bagh%C3%A8t" title="Baghèt">Baghèt</a> wearing traditional dress.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_modern_model_of_Bagh%C3%A8t.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Modern Baghèt (made 2000 by Valter Biella) in G."><img alt="Modern Baghèt (made 2000 by Valter Biella) in G." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/A_modern_model_of_Bagh%C3%A8t.png/55px-A_modern_model_of_Bagh%C3%A8t.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/A_modern_model_of_Bagh%C3%A8t.png/83px-A_modern_model_of_Bagh%C3%A8t.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/A_modern_model_of_Bagh%C3%A8t.png/110px-A_modern_model_of_Bagh%C3%A8t.png 2x" data-file-width="369" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Modern Baghèt (made 2000 by Valter Biella) in G.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zampogna.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Central and southern Italian zampogna."><img alt="Central and southern Italian zampogna." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Zampogna.jpg/90px-Zampogna.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Zampogna.jpg/135px-Zampogna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Zampogna.jpg/180px-Zampogna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Central and southern Italian <a href="/wiki/Zampogna" title="Zampogna">zampogna</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tulumcu.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Laz man from Turkey playing a tulum."><img alt="Laz man from Turkey playing a tulum." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tulumcu.jpg/81px-Tulumcu.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tulumcu.jpg/122px-Tulumcu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tulumcu.jpg/162px-Tulumcu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="473" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Laz_people" title="Laz people">Laz</a> man from Turkey playing a <a href="/wiki/Tulum_(bagpipe)" title="Tulum (bagpipe)">tulum</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cillian_Vallely_on_Uilleann_Pipes.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cillian Vallely playing Irish Uilleann pipes."><img alt="Cillian Vallely playing Irish Uilleann pipes." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Cillian_Vallely_on_Uilleann_Pipes.jpg/95px-Cillian_Vallely_on_Uilleann_Pipes.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Cillian_Vallely_on_Uilleann_Pipes.jpg/143px-Cillian_Vallely_on_Uilleann_Pipes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Cillian_Vallely_on_Uilleann_Pipes.jpg/191px-Cillian_Vallely_on_Uilleann_Pipes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="2265" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cillian_Vallely" title="Cillian Vallely">Cillian Vallely</a> playing Irish Uilleann pipes.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tickell_2004.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kathryn Tickell playing Northumbrian smallpipes."><img alt="Kathryn Tickell playing Northumbrian smallpipes." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Tickell_2004.jpg/80px-Tickell_2004.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Tickell_2004.jpg/120px-Tickell_2004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Tickell_2004.jpg/159px-Tickell_2004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="264" data-file-height="397" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Tickell" title="Kathryn Tickell">Kathryn Tickell</a> playing <a href="/wiki/Northumbrian_smallpipes" title="Northumbrian smallpipes">Northumbrian smallpipes</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaida.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Man from Skopje, North Macedonia playing the Gaida."><img alt="Man from Skopje, North Macedonia playing the Gaida." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gaida.jpg/77px-Gaida.jpg" decoding="async" width="77" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gaida.jpg/116px-Gaida.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gaida.jpg/155px-Gaida.jpg 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="1165" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Man from Skopje, North Macedonia playing the <a href="/wiki/Gaida" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaida">Gaida</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seivane1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Galician gaita."><img alt="Galician gaita." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Seivane1.jpg/92px-Seivane1.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Seivane1.jpg/138px-Seivane1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Seivane1.jpg/183px-Seivane1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="285" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Galician_gaita" title="Galician gaita">Galician gaita</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sruti_upanga.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sruti upanga, a Southern Indian bagpipe."><img alt="Sruti upanga, a Southern Indian bagpipe." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Sruti_upanga.jpg/120px-Sruti_upanga.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Sruti_upanga.jpg/180px-Sruti_upanga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Sruti_upanga.jpg/240px-Sruti_upanga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="425" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sruti_upanga" title="Sruti upanga">Sruti upanga</a>, a Southern Indian bagpipe.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Duda_Bagpipe_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hungarian duda."><img alt="Hungarian duda." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Duda_Bagpipe_001.jpg/61px-Duda_Bagpipe_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="61" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Duda_Bagpipe_001.jpg/91px-Duda_Bagpipe_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Duda_Bagpipe_001.jpg/122px-Duda_Bagpipe_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="587" data-file-height="1152" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hungarian <a href="/wiki/Duda" title="Duda">duda</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Serbian_bagpiper.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Serbian piper."><img alt="Serbian piper." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Serbian_bagpiper.jpg/52px-Serbian_bagpiper.jpg" decoding="async" width="52" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Serbian_bagpiper.jpg/78px-Serbian_bagpiper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Serbian_bagpiper.jpg/104px-Serbian_bagpiper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Serbian piper.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DudyWielkopolskie.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Polish pipers."><img alt="Polish pipers." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/DudyWielkopolskie.jpg/120px-DudyWielkopolskie.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/DudyWielkopolskie.jpg/180px-DudyWielkopolskie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/DudyWielkopolskie.jpg/240px-DudyWielkopolskie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Polish pipers.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bagad.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Bagad of Lann Bihoué from the French Navy."><img alt="Bagad of Lann Bihoué from the French Navy." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Bagad.JPG/120px-Bagad.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Bagad.JPG/180px-Bagad.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Bagad.JPG/240px-Bagad.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2480" data-file-height="1772" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bagad" title="Bagad">Bagad</a> of Lann Bihoué from the French Navy.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ollegallmo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Swedish säckpipa."><img alt="Swedish säckpipa." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ollegallmo.jpg/80px-Ollegallmo.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ollegallmo.jpg/119px-Ollegallmo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ollegallmo.jpg/159px-Ollegallmo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="903" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Swedish <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4ckpipa" class="mw-redirect" title="Säckpipa">säckpipa</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pastoral_pipes_removable_foot_joint.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Pastoral pipes with removable footjoint and bellows."><img alt="Pastoral pipes with removable footjoint and bellows." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Pastoral_pipes_removable_foot_joint.JPG/120px-Pastoral_pipes_removable_foot_joint.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Pastoral_pipes_removable_foot_joint.JPG/180px-Pastoral_pipes_removable_foot_joint.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Pastoral_pipes_removable_foot_joint.JPG/240px-Pastoral_pipes_removable_foot_joint.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pastoral_pipes" title="Pastoral pipes">Pastoral pipes</a> with removable footjoint and bellows.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Street-piper.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Street piper from Sofia, Bulgaria."><img alt="Street piper from Sofia, Bulgaria." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Street-piper.jpg/88px-Street-piper.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Street-piper.jpg/132px-Street-piper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Street-piper.jpg/176px-Street-piper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1236" data-file-height="1684" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Street piper from Sofia, Bulgaria.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Torupillim%C3%A4ngija.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Estonian torupill player."><img alt="Estonian torupill player." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Torupillim%C3%A4ngija.jpg/65px-Torupillim%C3%A4ngija.jpg" decoding="async" width="65" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Torupillim%C3%A4ngija.jpg/98px-Torupillim%C3%A4ngija.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Torupillim%C3%A4ngija.jpg/131px-Torupillim%C3%A4ngija.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1616" data-file-height="2956" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Estonian <a href="/wiki/Torupill" title="Torupill">torupill</a> player.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vytenis_Jankauskas_playing_the_Lithuanian_bagpipes.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Lithuanian piper."><img alt="Lithuanian piper." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Vytenis_Jankauskas_playing_the_Lithuanian_bagpipes.png/65px-Vytenis_Jankauskas_playing_the_Lithuanian_bagpipes.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Vytenis_Jankauskas_playing_the_Lithuanian_bagpipes.png/98px-Vytenis_Jankauskas_playing_the_Lithuanian_bagpipes.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Vytenis_Jankauskas_playing_the_Lithuanian_bagpipes.png/131px-Vytenis_Jankauskas_playing_the_Lithuanian_bagpipes.png 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="730" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lithuanian piper.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Modern_huemmelchen.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Modern German huemmelchen."><img alt="Modern German huemmelchen." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Modern_huemmelchen.jpg/120px-Modern_huemmelchen.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Modern_huemmelchen.jpg/180px-Modern_huemmelchen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Modern_huemmelchen.jpg/240px-Modern_huemmelchen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1672" data-file-height="1411" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Modern German <a href="/wiki/Huemmelchen" title="Huemmelchen">huemmelchen</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baltarusi%C5%B3_d%C5%ABdmai%C5%A1is_Lietuvos_nacionaliniame_muziejuje_(LNM).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belarusian bagpipes in Lithuanian museum."><img alt="Belarusian bagpipes in Lithuanian museum." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Baltarusi%C5%B3_d%C5%ABdmai%C5%A1is_Lietuvos_nacionaliniame_muziejuje_%28LNM%29.jpg/120px-Baltarusi%C5%B3_d%C5%ABdmai%C5%A1is_Lietuvos_nacionaliniame_muziejuje_%28LNM%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Baltarusi%C5%B3_d%C5%ABdmai%C5%A1is_Lietuvos_nacionaliniame_muziejuje_%28LNM%29.jpg/180px-Baltarusi%C5%B3_d%C5%ABdmai%C5%A1is_Lietuvos_nacionaliniame_muziejuje_%28LNM%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Baltarusi%C5%B3_d%C5%ABdmai%C5%A1is_Lietuvos_nacionaliniame_muziejuje_%28LNM%29.jpg/240px-Baltarusi%C5%B3_d%C5%ABdmai%C5%A1is_Lietuvos_nacionaliniame_muziejuje_%28LNM%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5152" data-file-height="3864" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Belarusian bagpipes in Lithuanian museum.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bagad_Brest.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A bagad in Brest, France"><img alt="A bagad in Brest, France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bagad_Brest.jpg/120px-Bagad_Brest.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bagad_Brest.jpg/180px-Bagad_Brest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bagad_Brest.jpg/240px-Bagad_Brest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Bagad" title="Bagad">bagad</a> in <a href="/wiki/Brest,_France" title="Brest, France">Brest, France</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Al_son_de_la_gaita.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gaita asturiana."><img alt="Gaita asturiana." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Al_son_de_la_gaita.jpg/90px-Al_son_de_la_gaita.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Al_son_de_la_gaita.jpg/135px-Al_son_de_la_gaita.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Al_son_de_la_gaita.jpg/180px-Al_son_de_la_gaita.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gaita_asturiana" title="Gaita asturiana">Gaita asturiana</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pibecwd.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Welsh bagpipes (double-reed type)."><img alt="Welsh bagpipes (double-reed type)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pibecwd.jpg/55px-Pibecwd.jpg" decoding="async" width="55" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pibecwd.jpg/83px-Pibecwd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pibecwd.jpg/111px-Pibecwd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="421" data-file-height="910" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_bagpipes" title="Welsh bagpipes">Welsh bagpipes</a> (double-reed type).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaiteroscantabria.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cantabrian pipe band."><img alt="Cantabrian pipe band." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gaiteroscantabria.jpg/120px-Gaiteroscantabria.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gaiteroscantabria.jpg/180px-Gaiteroscantabria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gaiteroscantabria.jpg/240px-Gaiteroscantabria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cantabrian pipe band.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bagpipe_player_damascus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Syrian piper in Damascus, Syria."><img alt="Syrian piper in Damascus, Syria." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bagpipe_player_damascus.jpg/83px-Bagpipe_player_damascus.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bagpipe_player_damascus.jpg/125px-Bagpipe_player_damascus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bagpipe_player_damascus.jpg/166px-Bagpipe_player_damascus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="365" data-file-height="527" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Syrian piper in Damascus, Syria.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tsambouna.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Various forms of the Tsampouna, found in the Greek islands."><img alt="Various forms of the Tsampouna, found in the Greek islands." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Tsambouna.jpg/80px-Tsambouna.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Tsambouna.jpg/120px-Tsambouna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Tsambouna.jpg/160px-Tsambouna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="2816" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Various forms of the <a href="/wiki/Tsampouna" title="Tsampouna">Tsampouna</a>, found in the Greek islands.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belarusian piper."><img alt="Belarusian piper." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5.jpg/68px-%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5.jpg" decoding="async" width="68" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5.jpg/102px-%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5.jpg/136px-%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="273" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Belarusian piper.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_%C5%BCaqq_(bagpipe),_made_from_calf_pelt,_cane,_and_animal_horn.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Maltese Żaqq."><img alt="Maltese Żaqq." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/A_%C5%BCaqq_%28bagpipe%29%2C_made_from_calf_pelt%2C_cane%2C_and_animal_horn.jpg/120px-A_%C5%BCaqq_%28bagpipe%29%2C_made_from_calf_pelt%2C_cane%2C_and_animal_horn.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/A_%C5%BCaqq_%28bagpipe%29%2C_made_from_calf_pelt%2C_cane%2C_and_animal_horn.jpg/180px-A_%C5%BCaqq_%28bagpipe%29%2C_made_from_calf_pelt%2C_cane%2C_and_animal_horn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/A_%C5%BCaqq_%28bagpipe%29%2C_made_from_calf_pelt%2C_cane%2C_and_animal_horn.jpg/240px-A_%C5%BCaqq_%28bagpipe%29%2C_made_from_calf_pelt%2C_cane%2C_and_animal_horn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Maltese <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBaqq" title="Żaqq">Żaqq</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bagpipe_player_Dam.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Piper playing by the Royal Palace of Amsterdam."><img alt="Piper playing by the Royal Palace of Amsterdam." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bagpipe_player_Dam.jpg/98px-Bagpipe_player_Dam.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bagpipe_player_Dam.jpg/147px-Bagpipe_player_Dam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bagpipe_player_Dam.jpg/196px-Bagpipe_player_Dam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="741" data-file-height="907" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Piper playing by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Palace_of_Amsterdam" title="Royal Palace of Amsterdam">Royal Palace of Amsterdam</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cimpoi.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Romanian cimpoi player."><img alt="Romanian cimpoi player." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Cimpoi.png/87px-Cimpoi.png" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Cimpoi.png/131px-Cimpoi.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Cimpoi.png/174px-Cimpoi.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Romanian <a href="/wiki/Cimpoi" title="Cimpoi">cimpoi</a> player.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_P%C3%A1ri%C4%8Dka_gra_na_dudach.webm/120px--%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_P%C3%A1ri%C4%8Dka_gra_na_dudach.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="120" height="96" data-durationhint="124" data-mwtitle="Ľubomír_Párička_gra_na_dudach.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_P%C3%A1ri%C4%8Dka_gra_na_dudach.webm/%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_P%C3%A1ri%C4%8Dka_gra_na_dudach.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="600" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_P%C3%A1ri%C4%8Dka_gra_na_dudach.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="720" data-height="576" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_P%C3%A1ri%C4%8Dka_gra_na_dudach.webm/%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_P%C3%A1ri%C4%8Dka_gra_na_dudach.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="300" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_P%C3%A1ri%C4%8Dka_gra_na_dudach.webm/%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_P%C3%A1ri%C4%8Dka_gra_na_dudach.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="450" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_P%C3%A1ri%C4%8Dka_gra_na_dudach.webm/%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_P%C3%A1ri%C4%8Dka_gra_na_dudach.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="450" data-height="360" /></video></span></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ľubomír Párička playing bagpipes, Slovak Republic.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Gaita-de-Fole.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portuguese pipers"><img alt="Portuguese pipers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Gaita-de-Fole.jpg/120px-Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Gaita-de-Fole.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Gaita-de-Fole.jpg/180px-Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Gaita-de-Fole.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Gaita-de-Fole.jpg/240px-Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Gaita-de-Fole.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Portuguese pipers</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bagpipes made in Ab Pakhsh, Iran."><img alt="Bagpipes made in Ab Pakhsh, Iran." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg/90px-%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg/135px-%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg/180px-%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bagpipes made in <a href="/wiki/Ab_Pakhsh" title="Ab Pakhsh">Ab Pakhsh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%84_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%AA%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chanter of bagpipes from Ab Pakhsh"><img alt="Chanter of bagpipes from Ab Pakhsh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%84_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%AA%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg/90px-%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%84_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%AA%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%84_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%AA%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg/135px-%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%84_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%AA%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%84_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%AA%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg/180px-%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%84_%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%AA%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%AE%D8%B4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chanter of bagpipes from Ab Pakhsh</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sac_de_gemecs.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Sac de gemecs, from Catalonia"><img alt="Sac de gemecs, from Catalonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sac_de_gemecs.png/96px-Sac_de_gemecs.png" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sac_de_gemecs.png/143px-Sac_de_gemecs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sac_de_gemecs.png/191px-Sac_de_gemecs.png 2x" data-file-width="1538" data-file-height="1929" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sac_de_gemecs" title="Sac de gemecs">Sac de gemecs</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xeremies_de_Mallorca.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Xeremies, from Majorca"><img alt="Xeremies, from Majorca" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Xeremies_de_Mallorca.jpg/120px-Xeremies_de_Mallorca.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Xeremies_de_Mallorca.jpg/180px-Xeremies_de_Mallorca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Xeremies_de_Mallorca.jpg/240px-Xeremies_de_Mallorca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Xeremia" title="Xeremia">Xeremies</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Majorca" class="mw-redirect" title="Majorca">Majorca</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_Gaida_Player.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Greek shepherd playing gaida"><img alt="Greek shepherd playing gaida" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Greek_Gaida_Player.jpg/90px-Greek_Gaida_Player.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Greek_Gaida_Player.jpg/135px-Greek_Gaida_Player.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Greek_Gaida_Player.jpg/180px-Greek_Gaida_Player.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Greek <a href="/wiki/Shepherd" title="Shepherd">shepherd</a> playing gaida</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BASA-2072K-1-361-19-Gaida,_Bulgaria.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Bulgarian gaida player, a pre-1945 photo. Central State Archive, Sofia"><img alt="Bulgarian gaida player, a pre-1945 photo. Central State Archive, Sofia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/BASA-2072K-1-361-19-Gaida%2C_Bulgaria.JPG/108px-BASA-2072K-1-361-19-Gaida%2C_Bulgaria.JPG" decoding="async" width="108" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/BASA-2072K-1-361-19-Gaida%2C_Bulgaria.JPG/161px-BASA-2072K-1-361-19-Gaida%2C_Bulgaria.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/BASA-2072K-1-361-19-Gaida%2C_Bulgaria.JPG/215px-BASA-2072K-1-361-19-Gaida%2C_Bulgaria.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1510" data-file-height="1684" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bulgarian gaida player, a pre-1945 photo. Central State Archive, Sofia</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Usage_in_non-traditional_music">Usage in non-traditional music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Usage in non-traditional music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Enter_The_Haggis_Bagpipe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Enter_The_Haggis_Bagpipe.jpg/220px-Enter_The_Haggis_Bagpipe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Enter_The_Haggis_Bagpipe.jpg/330px-Enter_The_Haggis_Bagpipe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Enter_The_Haggis_Bagpipe.jpg/440px-Enter_The_Haggis_Bagpipe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="915" data-file-height="691" /></a><figcaption>Celtic rock band <a href="/wiki/Enter_the_Haggis" title="Enter the Haggis">Enter the Haggis</a> featuring Highland bagpipes</figcaption></figure> <p>Since the 1960s, bagpipes have also made appearances in other forms of music, including rock, metal, jazz, hip-hop, punk, and classical music, for example with <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Mull_of_Kintyre_(song)" title="Mull of Kintyre (song)">Mull of Kintyre</a>", <a href="/wiki/AC/DC" title="AC/DC">AC/DC</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/It%27s_a_Long_Way_to_the_Top_(If_You_Wanna_Rock_%27n%27_Roll)" title="It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)">It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-liming_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-liming-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Maxwell_Davies" title="Peter Maxwell Davies">Peter Maxwell Davies</a>'s composition <i><a href="/wiki/An_Orkney_Wedding,_with_Sunrise" title="An Orkney Wedding, with Sunrise">An Orkney Wedding, with Sunrise</a></i>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20160409_Oberhausen_Zirkus_Zeitgeist_Saltatio_Mortis_0139.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/20160409_Oberhausen_Zirkus_Zeitgeist_Saltatio_Mortis_0139.jpg/220px-20160409_Oberhausen_Zirkus_Zeitgeist_Saltatio_Mortis_0139.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/20160409_Oberhausen_Zirkus_Zeitgeist_Saltatio_Mortis_0139.jpg/330px-20160409_Oberhausen_Zirkus_Zeitgeist_Saltatio_Mortis_0139.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/20160409_Oberhausen_Zirkus_Zeitgeist_Saltatio_Mortis_0139.jpg/440px-20160409_Oberhausen_Zirkus_Zeitgeist_Saltatio_Mortis_0139.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4246" data-file-height="2826" /></a><figcaption>Bagpiper from German band Saltatio Mortis.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Periodicals">Periodicals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Periodicals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Periodicals covering specific types of bagpipes are addressed in the article for that bagpipe</i> </p> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pipers.ie/"><i>An Píobaire</i></a>, Dublin: Na Píobairí Uilleann</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+P%C3%ADobaire&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pub=Na+P%C3%ADobair%C3%AD+Uilleann&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpipers.ie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Chanter</i>, <a href="/wiki/The_Bagpipe_Society" title="The Bagpipe Society">The Bagpipe Society</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chanter&rft.pub=The+Bagpipe+Society&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>The Piping Times</i>, Glasgow: The <a href="/wiki/College_of_Piping" title="College of Piping">College of Piping</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Piping+Times&rft.place=Glasgow&rft.pub=The+College+of+Piping&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Piping Today</i>, Glasgow: The National Piping Centre</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Piping+Today&rft.place=Glasgow&rft.pub=The+National+Piping+Centre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Utriculus</i>, Italy: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Circolo_della_Zampogna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Circolo della Zampogna (page does not exist)">Circolo della Zampogna</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Utriculus&rft.place=Italy&rft.pub=Circolo+della+Zampogna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>The Voice</i>, Newark, <a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">DL</a>: The Eastern United States Pipe Band Association</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Voice&rft.place=Newark%2C+DL&rft.pub=The+Eastern+United+States+Pipe+Band+Association&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaines1991" class="citation cs2">Baines, Anthony (Nov 1991), <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/woodwindinstrume00bain"><i>Woodwind Instruments and Their History</i></a></span>, Dover Pub, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-486-26885-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-486-26885-3"><bdi>0-486-26885-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Woodwind+Instruments+and+Their+History&rft.pub=Dover+Pub&rft.date=1991-11&rft.isbn=0-486-26885-3&rft.aulast=Baines&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwoodwindinstrume00bain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaines1995" class="citation cs2">——— (1995), <i>Bagpipes</i> (3rd ed.), Pitt Rivers Museum, Univ. of Oxford, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-902793-10-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-902793-10-1"><bdi>0-902793-10-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bagpipes&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Pitt+Rivers+Museum%2C+Univ.+of+Oxford&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-902793-10-1&rft.aulast=Baines&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span>, 147 pp. with plates.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheape" class="citation cs2">Cheape, Hugh, <i>The Book of the Bagpipe</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+the+Bagpipe&rft.aulast=Cheape&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollinson1975" class="citation cs2">Collinson, Francis (1975), <i>The Bagpipe, The History of a Musical Instrument</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bagpipe%2C+The+History+of+a+Musical+Instrument&rft.date=1975&rft.aulast=Collinson&rft.aufirst=Francis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVereno2021" class="citation cs2">Vereno, Michael Peter (2021), <i>The Voice of the Wind: A Linguistic History of Bagpipes</i>, International Bagpipe Organisation, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1838369804" title="Special:BookSources/978-1838369804"><bdi>978-1838369804</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Voice+of+the+Wind%3A+A+Linguistic+History+of+Bagpipes&rft.pub=International+Bagpipe+Organisation&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1838369804&rft.aulast=Vereno&rft.aufirst=Michael+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bagpipes" title="List of bagpipes">List of bagpipes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bagpipers" title="List of bagpipers">List of bagpipers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pipe_makers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of pipe makers">List of pipe makers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pipe_bands" title="List of pipe bands">List of pipe bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_bagpipe_terms" title="Glossary of bagpipe terms">Glossary of bagpipe terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Practice_chanter" title="Practice chanter">Practice chanter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_(music_company)" title="Glen (music company)">Glen (music company)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWright" class="citation book cs1">Wright, J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SNARAwAAQBAJ&dq=%22stand+of+bagpipes%22&pg=PA561"><i>The English dialect dictionary</i></a>. Рипол Классик. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9785878652940" title="Special:BookSources/9785878652940"><bdi>9785878652940</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+English+dialect+dictionary&rft.pub=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB+%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA&rft.isbn=9785878652940&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSNARAwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522stand%2Bof%2Bbagpipes%2522%26pg%3DPA561&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thebagpipemuseum.com/unknown-makers/unknown-33/">"Unknown #33"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unknown+%2333&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebagpipemuseum.com%2Funknown-makers%2Funknown-33%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gaida.gr">"gaida (bagpipe) in Greece : γκάιντα στην Ελλάδα : gaida (Dudelsack) in Griecheland : gaida Yunanistan'da"</a>. <i>www.gaida.gr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gaida.gr&rft.atitle=gaida+%28bagpipe%29+in+Greece+%3A+%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1+%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1+%3A+gaida+%28Dudelsack%29+in+Griecheland+%3A+gaida+Yunanistan%27da&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gaida.gr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vereno-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vereno_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vereno, Michael Peter. 2021. The Voice of the Wind. Lincoln: International Bagpipe Organisation. pp 14–15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google15-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google15_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlood" class="citation book cs1">Flood, William Henry Grattan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DOfuAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA15"><i>The story of the bagpipe</i></a>. Рипол Классик. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781176344228" title="Special:BookSources/9781176344228"><bdi>9781176344228</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+story+of+the+bagpipe&rft.pub=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB+%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA&rft.isbn=9781176344228&rft.aulast=Flood&rft.aufirst=William+Henry+Grattan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDOfuAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Nero*.html#54">"<i>Life of Nero</i>, 54"</a>, <i>Suetonius, The Lives of the Caesars</i>, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a>, p. 185<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Suetonius%2C+The+Lives+of+the+Caesars&rft.atitle=Life+of+Nero%2C+54&rft.pages=185&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpenelope.uchicago.edu%2FThayer%2FE%2FRoman%2FTexts%2FSuetonius%2F12Caesars%2FNero%2A.html%2354&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Dio_Chrysostom/Discourses/71*.html#9">"Discourses by Dio Chrysostom (Or. 71.9)"</a>, <i>The Seventy-first Discourse: On the Philosopher (Volume V)</i>, vol. V, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a>, p. 173<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Seventy-first+Discourse%3A+On+the+Philosopher+%28Volume+V%29&rft.atitle=Discourses+by+Dio+Chrysostom+%28Or.+71.9%29&rft.volume=V&rft.pages=173&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpenelope.uchicago.edu%2FThayer%2FE%2FRoman%2FTexts%2FDio_Chrysostom%2FDiscourses%2F71%2A.html%239&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAubrey1996" class="citation cs2">Aubrey, Elizabeth (1996), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1nqgFob3uV0C&pg=PA257"><i>The Music of the Troubadours</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_University_Press" title="Indiana University Press">Indiana University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-21389-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-21389-1"><bdi>978-0-253-21389-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Music+of+the+Troubadours&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-253-21389-1&rft.aulast=Aubrey&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1nqgFob3uV0C%26pg%3DPA257&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chronique dite de Baudoin d'Avesnes, Arras, BM, ms. 0863, f. 007, 126v, 149v</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170110030957/http://musiconis.paris-sorbonne.fr/fiche/429/Hybride+jouant+de+la+cornemuse">"Hybride jouant de la cornemuse"</a>. Sorbonne, Paris. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://musiconis.paris-sorbonne.fr/fiche/429/Hybride+jouant+de+la+cornemuse">the original</a> on 2017-01-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cochon+jouant+de+la+cornemuse&rft.pub=Sorbonne%2C+Paris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmusiconis.paris-sorbonne.fr%2Ffiche%2F233%2FCochon%2Bjouant%2Bde%2Bla%2Bcornemuse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130211205152/http://www.northport-bagpipes.org/bagpipes.htm"><i>The Great Highland Bagpipes (an piob-mhor)</i></a>, The Northport Pipe Band, NY, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.northport-bagpipes.org/bagpipes.htm">the original</a> on February 11, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-02</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Highland+Bagpipes+%28an+piob-mhor%29&rft.pub=The+Northport+Pipe+Band%2C+NY&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.northport-bagpipes.org%2Fbagpipes.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bagpipesociety.org.uk/articles/2014/chanter/winter/the-rostock-chanter/">"The Rostock Chanter"</a>. <i>www.bagpipesociety.org.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Institut za folklor Marko Cepenkov. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9989642098" title="Special:BookSources/978-9989642098"><bdi>978-9989642098</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gajdata+vo+Makedonija%3A+Instrument-instrumentalist-muzika&rft.pub=Institut+za+folklor+Marko+Cepenkov&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-9989642098&rft.aulast=Dzimrevski&rft.aufirst=Borivoje&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Lommel, Arle. "The Hungarian Duda and Contra-Chanter Bagpipes of the Carpathian Basin." <i>The Galpin Society Journal</i> (2008): 305–321.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRice1994" class="citation book cs1">Rice, Timothy (1994). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mayitfillyoursou00rice"><i>May It Fill Your Soul: Experiencing Bulgarian Music</i></a></span>. University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0226711225" title="Special:BookSources/978-0226711225"><bdi>978-0226711225</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=May+It+Fill+Your+Soul%3A+Experiencing+Bulgarian+Music&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0226711225&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmayitfillyoursou00rice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtanasov2002" class="citation book cs1">Atanasov, Vergilij (2002). <i>The Bulgarian GAIDA/BAGPIPE</i>. Massachusetts: Gaida Studies. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9724898-0-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-9724898-0-0"><bdi>0-9724898-0-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bulgarian+GAIDA%2FBAGPIPE&rft.place=Massachusetts&rft.pub=Gaida+Studies&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-9724898-0-0&rft.aulast=Atanasov&rft.aufirst=Vergilij&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŠirola1937" class="citation book cs1">Širola, Božidar (1937). <i>Sviraljke s udarnim jezičkom</i>. Zagreb: JAZU.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sviraljke+s+udarnim+jezi%C4%8Dkom&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.pub=JAZU&rft.date=1937&rft.aulast=%C5%A0irola&rft.aufirst=Bo%C5%BEidar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeibman" class="citation book cs1">Leibman, Robert. <i>Traditional Songs and Dances from the Soko Banja Area</i>. LP: Selo Records.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Traditional+Songs+and+Dances+from+the+Soko+Banja+Area&rft.place=LP&rft.pub=Selo+Records&rft.aulast=Leibman&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevy1985" class="citation book cs1">Levy, Mark (1985). <i>The Bagpipe in the Rhodope Mountains of Bulgaria</i>. University of California.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bagpipe+in+the+Rhodope+Mountains+of+Bulgaria&rft.pub=University+of+California&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Levy&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJakovljević2012" class="citation book cs1">Jakovljević, Rastko (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3544/"><i>Marginality and Cultural Identities: Locating the Bagpipe Music of Serbia</i></a>. PhD Thesis, Durham University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Marginality+and+Cultural+Identities%3A+Locating+the+Bagpipe+Music+of+Serbia&rft.pub=PhD+Thesis%2C+Durham+University&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Jakovljevi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Rastko&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fetheses.dur.ac.uk%2F3544%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABagpipes" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagpipes&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bagpipes" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bagpipes">Bagpipes</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Bag-pipe" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Bag-pipe">Bag-pipe</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prydein.com/pipes/">Bagpipe iconography – Paintings and images of the pipes.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://musiconis.huma-num.fr/fr/results.html?query=bagpipe">Musiconis Database of Medieval Musical Iconography: Bagpipe.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091112123617/http://www.researchchannel.org/prog/displayevent.aspx?rID=3365&fID=345">A demonstration of rare instruments including bagpipes</a> (archived 12 November 2009)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bagpipehistory.info/"><i>The Concise History of the Bagpipe</i> by Frank J. Timoney</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bagpipesociety.org.uk/">The Bagpipe Society</a>, dedicated to promoting the study, playing, and making of bagpipes and pipes from around the world</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ludowe.instrumenty.edu.pl/en/instruments-/categories/category/343">Bagpipes from polish collections (<i>Polish folk musical instruments</i>)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TO8ZRZYB16c&list=PL-vEE7TX3aIfca1edpfKRz3Vt6HURNAMf&index=2">Bagpipes (local polish name "Koza") played by Jan Karpiel-Bułecka</a> (English subtitles)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709134521/http://www.baghet.info/">Official site of Baghet (bagpipe from North Italy) players.</a> (archived 9 July 2017)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://turn.do.am/index/obratnaja_svjaz/0-43#">Celtic Music : Scottish Military Bagpipes.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gaida.gr">The presence of the gaida in Greece</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output 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title="Intonation (music)">intonation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Just_intonation" title="Just intonation">Just intonation</a> in any key</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/String_instrument#Bowing" title="String instrument">Fretless string instrument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedal_steel_guitar" title="Pedal steel guitar">Pedal steel guitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trombone" title="Trombone">Trombone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timpani" title="Timpani">Timpani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_voice" title="Human voice">Human voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthesizer" title="Synthesizer">Synthesizer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dynamic intonation adjustment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crook_(music)" title="Crook (music)">Crook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_instrument#Bowing" title="String instrument">Fretted string instrument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_instrument" title="Wind instrument">Wind instruments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Just intonation in one key</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bagpipes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_horn" title="Natural horn">Natural horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tromba_marina" title="Tromba marina">Tromba marina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-string_instrument" title="Long-string instrument">Long-string instrument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonica" title="Harmonica">Harmonica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retunable to a just key</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keyboard_instrument" title="Keyboard instrument">Keyboard instruments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Split_sharp" title="Split sharp">Split sharp</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harmonic" title="Harmonic">Flageolet tones</a> (harmonics) or<br />natural <a href="/wiki/Harmonic_series_(music)" title="Harmonic series (music)">overtone series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guqin" title="Guqin">Guqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%C3%A0n_b%E1%BA%A7u" title="Đàn bầu">Đàn bầu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Physical just-intoned string<br />part relation with additional <a href="/wiki/3rd_bridge" title="3rd bridge">3rd bridge</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monochord" title="Monochord">Monochord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradford_Reed" title="Bradford Reed">Pencilina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moodswinger" title="Moodswinger">Moodswinger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Greek_musical_instruments" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_musical_instruments" title="Template:Greek musical instruments"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_musical_instruments" title="Template talk:Greek musical instruments"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_musical_instruments" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek musical instruments"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greek_musical_instruments" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greek_musical_instruments" title="Greek musical instruments">Greek musical instruments</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="String" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/String_instrument" title="String instrument">String</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Pandura" title="Pandura">Pandura</a></dd></dl> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lyre" title="Lyre">Lyre</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Barbiton" title="Barbiton">Barbiton</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chelys" title="Chelys">Chelys</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kithara" title="Kithara">Kithara</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Phorminx" title="Phorminx">Phorminx</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_harps" title="Ancient Greek harps">Harp</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epigonion" title="Epigonion">Epigonion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magadis" title="Magadis">Magadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambuca_(instrument)" title="Sambuca (instrument)">Sambuca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trigonon" title="Trigonon">Trigonon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aerophones" class="mw-redirect" title="Aerophones">Wind</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Aulos" title="Aulos">Aulos</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pan_flute" title="Pan flute">Pan flute</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Salpinx" title="Salpinx">Salpinx</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Percussion_instrument" title="Percussion instrument">Percussion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cochilia" title="Cochilia">Cochilia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Crotalum" title="Crotalum">Crotalum</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Water_organ" title="Water organ">Water organ</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sistrum" title="Sistrum">Sistrum</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medieval</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_lyra" title="Byzantine lyra">Byzantine lyra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Organ_(music)" title="Organ (music)">Organon</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">String</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bowed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cretan_lyra" title="Cretan lyra">Cretan lyra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kemen%C3%A7e_of_the_Black_Sea" title="Kemençe of the Black Sea">Pontic lyra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Classical_kemen%C3%A7e" title="Classical kemençe">Politiki lyra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_lyra" title="Macedonian lyra">Macedonian lyra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Calabrian_lira" title="Calabrian lira">Calabrian lira</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plucked</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Bouzouki" title="Bouzouki">Bouzouki</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Guitar" title="Guitar">Guitar</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Laouto" title="Laouto">Laouto</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mandola" title="Mandola">Mandola</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mandolin" title="Mandolin">Mandolin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oudola" title="Oudola">Oudola</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Psaltery" title="Psaltery">Psaltery</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tambouras" title="Tambouras">Tambouras</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Thaboura" title="Thaboura">Thaboura</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Struck</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Santur" title="Santur">Santouri</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wind</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Askomandoura" title="Askomandoura">Askomandoura</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gaida" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaida">Gaida</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tsampouna" title="Tsampouna">Tsampouna</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Floghera" title="Floghera">Floghera</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Karamuza" title="Karamuza">Karamuza</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lalitsa" title="Lalitsa">Lalitsa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mantura" title="Mantura">Mantura</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Souravli" title="Souravli">Souravli</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Percussion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Membranophones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Tambourine" title="Tambourine">Tambourine</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Toubeleki" title="Toubeleki">Toubeleki</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tympanum_(hand_drum)" title="Tympanum (hand drum)">Tympano</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Idiophones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Koudounia" title="Koudounia">Koudounia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stamna_(musical_instrument)" title="Stamna (musical instrument)">Stamna</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trigono_(musical_instrument)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trigono (musical instrument) (page does not exist)">Trigono</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Zill" title="Zill">Zilia</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Greece" title="Music of Greece">Music of Greece</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Greek_folk_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek folk music">Greek folk music</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_music" title="Byzantine music">Byzantine music</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nisiotika" title="Nisiotika">Nisiotika</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Greek_dances" title="Greek dances">Greek dances</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85010971">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="dudy"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph119641&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10647066">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/1d865ced-d86a-4277-8914-009740e37887">MusicBrainz instrument</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img 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