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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Bark</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leaves" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leaves"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Leaves</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leaves-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flowers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flowers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Flowers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flowers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fruits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fruits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Fruits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fruits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chemistry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chemistry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Chemistry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chemistry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxonomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxonomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Taxonomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxonomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Habit_and_habitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Habit_and_habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Habit and habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Habit_and_habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ecology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toxicity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toxicity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Toxicity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toxicity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Culinary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culinary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Culinary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culinary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_medicine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_medicine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Traditional medicine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_medicine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Aegle marmelos</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 63 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-63" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">63 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi" title="Bi – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bi" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="قثاء هندي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قثاء هندي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="বেল – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বেল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegle_marmelos" title="Aegle marmelos – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Aegle marmelos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bila" title="Bila – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Bila" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_(%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%B2)" title="বেল (ফল) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বেল (ফল)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B2" title="सिरफल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सिरफल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bael" title="Bael – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bael" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegle_marmelos" title="Aegle marmelos – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Aegle marmelos" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osliz%C3%A1k_l%C3%ADbezn%C3%BD" title="Oslizák líbezný – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Oslizák líbezný" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengalische_Quitte" title="Bengalische Quitte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bengalische Quitte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%AF%CE%B3%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CE%B7_%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Αίγλη η μάρμελος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αίγλη η μάρμελος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegle_marmelos" title="Aegle marmelos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aegle marmelos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegle_marmelos" title="Aegle marmelos – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aegle marmelos" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="بکرایی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بکرایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegle_marmelos" title="Aegle marmelos – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aegle marmelos" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%80" title="બીલી – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બીલી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="बिल्व – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बिल्व" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maja" title="Maja – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Maja" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maja" title="Maja – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Maja" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B0" title="ಬಿಲ್ವಪತ್ರೆ ಮರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬಿಲ್ವಪತ್ರೆ ಮರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bael" title="Bael – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Bael" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Баиль – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Баиль" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Баиль – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Баиль" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Баиль – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Баиль" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegle_marmelos" title="Aegle marmelos – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aegle marmelos" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="बेल – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="बेल" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%82" title="കൂവളം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കൂവളം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="बेल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बेल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%89" title="قثاء هندى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قثاء هندى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%B3%E1%81%8A_%E1%80%90%E1%81%9E%E1%80%B6" title="ဗဳ၊ တၞံ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ဗဳ၊ တၞံ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pokok_Maja" title="Pokok Maja – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pokok Maja" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A5%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BE%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ဥသျှစ်ပင် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဥသျှစ်ပင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slijmappel" title="Slijmappel – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Slijmappel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="बेल – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बेल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8E%E3%82%AD" title="ベルノキ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベルノキ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B2" title="ବେଲ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବେଲ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bael" title="Bael – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bael" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2" title="ਬਿਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਿਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="بیل گری – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بیل گری" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Баиль – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Баиль" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%8A%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%85" title="ដើមព្នៅ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ដើមព្នៅ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleiszcze_smakowite" title="Kleiszcze smakowite – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kleiszcze smakowite" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegle_marmelos" title="Aegle marmelos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aegle marmelos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Айва бенгальская – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Айва бенгальская" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%83" title="बिल्वः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="बिल्वः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E2%80%8C.%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9A" title="ᱥᱤ‌.ᱡᱚ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱤ‌.ᱡᱚ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84_%DA%A6%D9%84" title="بيل ڦل – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بيل ڦل" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maja" title="Maja – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Maja" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belahedelm%C3%A4" title="Belahedelmä – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Belahedelmä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiskt_marmeladtr%C3%A4d" title="Indiskt marmeladträd – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Indiskt marmeladträd" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bael" title="Bael – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bael" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="வில்வம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வில்வம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81" title="మారేడు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మారేడు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A1" title="มะตูม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มะตูม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86" title="ಬಿಲ್ವ ಪತ್ರೆ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಬಿಲ್ವ ಪತ್ರೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Баиль – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Баиль" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegle_marmelos" title="Aegle marmelos – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Aegle marmelos" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="بیلگری – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بیلگری" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%A7u_n%C3%A2u" title="Bầu nâu – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bầu nâu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegle_marmelos" title="Aegle marmelos – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Aegle marmelos" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%A9%98" title="木橘 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="木橘" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%A9%98" title="木橘 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="木橘" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of tree, considered sacred by Hindus</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the bael tree. For the demon, see <a href="/wiki/Bael_(demon)" title="Bael (demon)">Bael (demon)</a>. For the professional wrestler, see <a href="/wiki/Bael_(wrestler)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bael (wrestler)">Bael (wrestler)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Bael </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bael_(Aegle_marmelos)_tree_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4116.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_tree_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4116.jpg/220px-Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_tree_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4116.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_tree_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4116.jpg/330px-Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_tree_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4116.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_tree_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4116.jpg/440px-Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_tree_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4116.jpg 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Status_iucn3.1_NT.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_NT.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Status_iucn3.1_NT.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_NT.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Status_iucn3.1_NT.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_NT.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Near_Threatened" class="mw-redirect" title="Near Threatened">Near Threatened</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Aegle" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sapindales" title="Sapindales">Sapindales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rutaceae" title="Rutaceae">Rutaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subfamily: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aurantioideae" title="Aurantioideae">Aurantioideae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Aegle</i></a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Correia_da_Serra" title="José Correia da Serra">Corrêa</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>A. marmelos</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Aegle marmelos</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a>) <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Correia_da_Serra" title="José Correia da Serra">Corrêa</a><sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>Belou marmelos</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(L.) A.Lyons</span></li> <li><i>Crateva marmelos</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">L.</span></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Aegle marmelos</b></i>, commonly known as <b>bael</b> (or <i>bili</i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>bhel</i><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), also <b>Bengal quince</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>golden apple</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>Japanese bitter orange</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-UMelb_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UMelb-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>stone apple</b><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Orwa_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orwa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>wood apple</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-UMelb_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UMelb-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a species of tree native to the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is present in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-hort_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hort-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">naturalized species</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hort_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hort-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tree is considered to be sacred by <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhists</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Aegle marmelos</i> is a <a href="/wiki/Deciduous" title="Deciduous">deciduous</a> shrub or small to medium-sized tree, up to 13 metres (43 feet) tall with slender drooping branches and rather open, irregular crown.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bark">Bark</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bark"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bark_(botany)" title="Bark (botany)">bark</a> is pale brown or grayish, smooth or finely fissured and flaking, armed with long straight spines, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>1.2–2.5 centimetres (<span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>–1 inch) singly or in pairs, often with slimy sap oozing out from cut parts. The gum is also described as a clear, gummy sap, resembling gum arabic, which exudes from wounded branches and hangs down in long strands, becoming gradually solid. It is sweet at first taste and then irritating to the throat.<sup id="cite_ref-Orwa_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orwa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leaves">Leaves</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Leaves"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Leaf" title="Leaf">leaf</a> is trifoliate, alternate, each leaflet <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">5–14 cm (2–<span class="frac">5<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in) x <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">2–6 cm (<span class="frac"><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span>–<span class="frac">2<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in), ovate with tapering or pointed tip and rounded base, untoothed or with shallow rounded teeth. Young leaves are pale green or pinkish, finely hairy while mature leaves are dark green and completely smooth. Each leaf has 4–12 pairs of side veins which are joined at the margin.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flowers">Flowers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Flowers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The flowers are 1.5 to 2 cm, pale green or yellowish, sweetly scented, bisexual, in short drooping unbranched clusters at the end of twigs and leaf axils. They usually appear with young leaves. The calyx is flat with 4(5) small teeth. The four or five petals of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">6–8 millimetres (<span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span>–<span class="frac"><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) overlap in the bud. Many stamens have short filaments and pale brown, short style anthers. The ovary is bright green with an inconspicuous disc.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fruits">Fruits</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Fruits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The fruit typically has a diameter of between 5 and 10 cm (2 and 4 in).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is globose or slightly pear-shaped with a thick, hard rind and does not split upon ripening. The woody shell is smooth and green, gray until it is fully ripe when it turns yellow. Inside are 8 to 15 or 20 sections filled with aromatic orange pulp, each section with 6 (8) to 10 (15) flattened-oblong seeds each about 1 cm long, bearing woolly hairs and each enclosed in a sac of adhesive, transparent mucilage that solidifies on drying. The exact number of seeds varies in different publications. The fruit takes about 11 months to ripen on the tree, reaching maturity in December.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It can reach the size of a large <a href="/wiki/Grapefruit" title="Grapefruit">grapefruit</a> or <a href="/wiki/Pomelo" title="Pomelo">pomelo</a>, and some are even larger. The shell is so hard it must be cracked with a <a href="/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer">hammer</a> or <a href="/wiki/Machete" title="Machete">machete</a>. The fibrous yellow pulp is very aromatic. It has been described as tasting of <a href="/wiki/Marmalade" title="Marmalade">marmalade</a> and smelling of roses. Boning (2006) indicates that the flavor is "sweet, aromatic and pleasant, although tangy and slightly astringent in some varieties. It resembles a marmalade made, in part, with citrus and, in part, with tamarind."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numerous hairy seeds are encapsulated in a slimy <a href="/wiki/Mucilage" title="Mucilage">mucilage</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bili_Tree_CM_Farm_Saldi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tree"><img alt="Tree" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bili_Tree_CM_Farm_Saldi.jpg/202px-Bili_Tree_CM_Farm_Saldi.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bili_Tree_CM_Farm_Saldi.jpg/304px-Bili_Tree_CM_Farm_Saldi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bili_Tree_CM_Farm_Saldi.jpg/405px-Bili_Tree_CM_Farm_Saldi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tree</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 103.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 101.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aegle_marmelos_plant.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Small plant"><img alt="Small plant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Aegle_marmelos_plant.jpg/152px-Aegle_marmelos_plant.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Aegle_marmelos_plant.jpg/228px-Aegle_marmelos_plant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Aegle_marmelos_plant.jpg/304px-Aegle_marmelos_plant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="4096" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Small plant</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 253.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bael_(Aegle_marmelos)_leaf.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Leaf"><img alt="Leaf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_leaf.jpg/380px-Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_leaf.jpg" decoding="async" width="254" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_leaf.jpg/570px-Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_leaf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_leaf.jpg/761px-Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_leaf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1691" data-file-height="1201" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Leaf</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aegle_marmelos_bhel_goldenApple_JapaneseBbitterOrange_stoneApple_WoodApple_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Leaves and fruit"><img alt="Leaves and fruit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Aegle_marmelos_bhel_goldenApple_JapaneseBbitterOrange_stoneApple_WoodApple_03.jpg/360px-Aegle_marmelos_bhel_goldenApple_JapaneseBbitterOrange_stoneApple_WoodApple_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Aegle_marmelos_bhel_goldenApple_JapaneseBbitterOrange_stoneApple_WoodApple_03.jpg/540px-Aegle_marmelos_bhel_goldenApple_JapaneseBbitterOrange_stoneApple_WoodApple_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Aegle_marmelos_bhel_goldenApple_JapaneseBbitterOrange_stoneApple_WoodApple_03.jpg/720px-Aegle_marmelos_bhel_goldenApple_JapaneseBbitterOrange_stoneApple_WoodApple_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4624" data-file-height="3468" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Leaves and fruit</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bael_(Aegle_marmelos)_fruit_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4099.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ripe fruit, India"><img alt="Ripe fruit, India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_fruit_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4099.jpg/226px-Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_fruit_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4099.jpg" decoding="async" width="151" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_fruit_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4099.jpg/339px-Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_fruit_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4099.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_fruit_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4099.jpg/452px-Bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_fruit_at_Narendrapur_W_IMG_4099.jpg 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="568" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ripe fruit, India</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bael15_Mounts_Asit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fruit interior"><img alt="Fruit interior" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bael15_Mounts_Asit.jpg/360px-Bael15_Mounts_Asit.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bael15_Mounts_Asit.jpg/540px-Bael15_Mounts_Asit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bael15_Mounts_Asit.jpg/720px-Bael15_Mounts_Asit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fruit interior</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 184px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 182px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bael_fruit_(Aegle_marmelos)_seeds.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ripe fruit dried seeds"><img alt="Ripe fruit dried seeds" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bael_fruit_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_seeds.jpg/273px-Bael_fruit_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_seeds.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bael_fruit_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_seeds.jpg/409px-Bael_fruit_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_seeds.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bael_fruit_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_seeds.jpg/546px-Bael_fruit_%28Aegle_marmelos%29_seeds.jpg 2x" data-file-width="966" data-file-height="956" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ripe fruit dried seeds</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 244.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 242.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dry_Aegle_marmelos--.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dry fruit slices"><img alt="Dry fruit slices" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Dry_Aegle_marmelos--.jpg/364px-Dry_Aegle_marmelos--.jpg" decoding="async" width="243" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Dry_Aegle_marmelos--.jpg/546px-Dry_Aegle_marmelos--.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Dry_Aegle_marmelos--.jpg/728px-Dry_Aegle_marmelos--.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3058" data-file-height="2268" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dry fruit slices</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chemistry">Chemistry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Chemistry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The bael tree contains <a href="/wiki/Furocoumarins" class="mw-redirect" title="Furocoumarins">furocoumarins</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Xanthotoxol" title="Xanthotoxol">xanthotoxol</a> and the methyl ester of alloimperatorin, as well as <a href="/wiki/Flavonoid" title="Flavonoid">flavonoids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rutin" title="Rutin">rutin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marmesin" title="Marmesin">marmesin</a>; a number of essential oils; and, among its alkaloids, <i>á</i>-fargarine(=<a href="/wiki/Allocryptopine" title="Allocryptopine">allocryptopine</a>), <i>O</i>-isopentenylhalfordinol, <i>O</i>-methylhafordinol.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aegeline (N-[2-hydroxy-2(4-methoxyphenyl) ethyl]-3-phenyl-2-propenamide) is a constituent that can be <a href="/wiki/Extract" title="Extract">extracted</a> from bael leaves.<sup id="cite_ref-drugtest_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drugtest-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-avula_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-avula-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aeglemarmelosine, molecular formula C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>15</sub>NO<sub>2</sub> [α]<sup>27</sup><sub>D</sub>+7.89° (<i>c</i> 0.20, CHCl<sub>3</sub>), has been isolated as an orange viscous oil.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bael is the only member of the monotypic genus <i>Aegle</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-hort_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hort-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Habit_and_habitat">Habit and habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Habit and habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trunks_and_leaves_of_Indian_bael_(Aegle_marmelos).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Trunks_and_leaves_of_Indian_bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29.jpg/200px-Trunks_and_leaves_of_Indian_bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Trunks_and_leaves_of_Indian_bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29.jpg/300px-Trunks_and_leaves_of_Indian_bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Trunks_and_leaves_of_Indian_bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29.jpg/400px-Trunks_and_leaves_of_Indian_bael_%28Aegle_marmelos%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1396" data-file-height="1676" /></a><figcaption>Trunks and leaves of Indian bael (Aegle marmelos) in <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, India.</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Aegle marmelos</i> is native across the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, and is cultivated throughout <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamilnadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamilnadu">Tamilnadu</a>, Thailand, and <a href="/wiki/Malesia" title="Malesia">Malesia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It occurs in dry, open <a href="/wiki/Forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Forests">forests</a> on hills and plains at altitudes from 0–1,200 m (0–3,937 ft) with mean annual rainfall of 570–2,000 mm (22–79 in).<sup id="cite_ref-Orwa_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orwa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hort_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hort-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has a reputation in India for being able to grow in places that other trees cannot. It copes with a wide range of soil conditions (<a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> range 5–10), is tolerant of waterlogging and has an unusually wide temperature tolerance from −7–48 °C (19–118 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-hort_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hort-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It requires a pronounced dry season to give fruit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The tree is a <a href="/wiki/Larva" title="Larva">larval</a> food plant for the following two Indian <a href="/wiki/Swallowtail_butterfly" title="Swallowtail butterfly">Swallowtail</a> <a href="/wiki/Butterfly" title="Butterfly">butterflies</a>: the lime butterfly (<i><a href="/wiki/Papilio_demoleus" title="Papilio demoleus">Papilio demoleus</a></i>) and the common Mormon (<i><a href="/wiki/Papilio_polytes" title="Papilio polytes">Papilio polytes</a></i>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toxicity">Toxicity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Toxicity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aegeline is a known constituent of the bael leaf and consumed as a <a href="/wiki/Dietary_supplement" title="Dietary supplement">dietary supplement</a> with the intent to produce weight loss.<sup id="cite_ref-drugtest_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drugtest-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-avula_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-avula-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA), <a href="/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a> (CDC), the Department of Defense Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, and <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> state and local health officials identified an outbreak of 97 persons with acute non-viral <a href="/wiki/Hepatitis" title="Hepatitis">hepatitis</a> that first emerged in Hawaii. Seventy-two of these persons had reported using the <a href="/wiki/Dietary_supplement" title="Dietary supplement">dietary supplement</a> OxyElite Pro, containing aegeline, which was manufactured by the <a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a> company, USPlabs.<sup id="cite_ref-drugtest_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drugtest-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FDA2014_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA2014-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> FDA had previously taken action against an earlier formulation of OxyElite Pro because it contained <a href="/wiki/Dimethylamylamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Dimethylamylamine">dimethylamylamine</a>, a stimulant that FDA had determined to be an <a href="/wiki/Adulterant" title="Adulterant">adulterant</a> when included in dietary supplements, and could cause high blood pressure and lead to heart attacks, seizures, psychiatric disorders, and death.<sup id="cite_ref-FDA2014_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA2014-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> USPlabs subsequently reformulated this product without informing FDA or submitting the required safety data for a new dietary ingredient.<sup id="cite_ref-FDA2014_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA2014-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Doctors at the Liver Center at <a href="/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Medical_Center" title="The Queen's Medical Center">The Queen's Medical Center</a> investigating the first cases in Hawaii reported that between May and September 2013, eight previously healthy individuals presented themselves at their center suffering from a drug-induced liver injury.<sup id="cite_ref-drugtest_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drugtest-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Roytman2014_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roytman2014-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All of these patients had been using the reformulated OxyElite Pro, which they had purchased from different sources, and which had different lot numbers and expiration dates, at doses within the manufacturer's recommendation.<sup id="cite_ref-drugtest_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drugtest-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Roytman2014_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roytman2014-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three of these patients developed fulminant liver failure, two underwent urgent liver transplantation, and one died.<sup id="cite_ref-drugtest_14-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drugtest-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Roytman2014_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roytman2014-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of such cases ultimately rose to 44 in Hawaii.<sup id="cite_ref-drugtest_14-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drugtest-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Roytman2014_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roytman2014-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2014, leaders from the Queen's Liver Center informed state lawmakers that they were almost certain that aegeline was the agent responsible for these cases,<sup id="cite_ref-Daysong2014_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Daysong2014-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the <a href="/wiki/Mechanism_of_action" title="Mechanism of action">mechanism</a> of how aegeline may damage the liver has not been isolated.<sup id="cite_ref-drugtest_14-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drugtest-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aikya_Linga_in_Varanasi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Aikya_Linga_in_Varanasi.jpg/220px-Aikya_Linga_in_Varanasi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Aikya_Linga_in_Varanasi.jpg/330px-Aikya_Linga_in_Varanasi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Aikya_Linga_in_Varanasi.jpg/440px-Aikya_Linga_in_Varanasi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Leaves used in the worship of a <a href="/wiki/Lingam" title="Lingam">lingam</a>, the icon of Shiva</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culinary">Culinary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Culinary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rich in <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">vitamin C</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the fruits can be eaten either fresh from trees or after being <a href="/wiki/Drying" title="Drying">dried</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and produced into candy, <a href="/wiki/Toffee" title="Toffee">toffee</a>, pulp powder or <a href="/wiki/Nectar" title="Nectar">nectar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hort_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hort-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If fresh, the juice is <a href="/wiki/Strainer" class="mw-redirect" title="Strainer">strained</a> and <a href="/wiki/Food_sweetening" class="mw-redirect" title="Food sweetening">sweetened</a> to make a drink similar to <a href="/wiki/Lemonade" title="Lemonade">lemonade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It can be made into <a href="/wiki/Sharbat_(beverage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharbat (beverage)">sharbat</a>, also called as <i>Bela pana</i>, a beverage. <a href="/wiki/Bela_Pana" title="Bela Pana">Bela Pana</a> made in <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a> has fresh cheese, milk, water, fruit pulp, sugar, crushed black pepper, and ice. <i>Bæl pana</i>, a drink made of the pulp with water, sugar, and <a href="/wiki/Citron" title="Citron">citron</a> juice, is mixed, left to stand a few hours, strained, and put on ice. One large bael fruit may yield five or six liters of sharbat. If the fruit is to be dried, it is usually sliced and sun-dried. The hard leathery slices are then immersed in water. The leaves and small <a href="/wiki/Shoot_(botany)" title="Shoot (botany)">shoots</a> are eaten as <a href="/wiki/Salad_greens" class="mw-redirect" title="Salad greens">salad greens</a>. Bael fruits are of dietary use and the fruit pulp is used to prepare delicacies like <a href="/wiki/Murabba" title="Murabba">murabba</a>, puddings and juices.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_medicine">Traditional medicine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Traditional medicine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The leaves, bark, roots, fruits, and seeds are used in <a href="/wiki/Traditional_medicine" title="Traditional medicine">traditional medicine</a> to treat various illnesses.<sup id="cite_ref-hort_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hort-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_culture">In culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: In culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bael is considered to be one of the sacred trees of Hindus,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (known in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> as बिल्व <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">bilva</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-SED_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SED-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), and thus they are used in Hindu rites.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bakh_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bakh-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earliest evidence of the religious importance of bael appears in the <i><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ar%C4%AB_S%C5%ABkta" title="Śrī Sūkta">Sri Sukta</a></i> of the <a href="/wiki/Rig_Veda" class="mw-redirect" title="Rig Veda">Rigveda</a>, which reveres this plant as the residence of goddess <a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a>, the deity of wealth and prosperity.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bael trees are also considered an incarnation of the goddess <a href="/wiki/Sati_(Hindu_goddess)" title="Sati (Hindu goddess)">Sati</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bael trees can be usually seen near Hindu temples and home gardens.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is believed that <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> is fond of bael trees, to a point of having earned the epithet बिल्वदण्ड <i>Bilvadaṇḍa</i> or "bel-<a href="/wiki/Staff_of_office" title="Staff of office">staffed</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-SED_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SED-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its leaves and fruit still play a main role in his worship, because the leaf's triple shape is seen to symbolise his <a href="/wiki/Trishula" title="Trishula">trident</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the traditional practice of the Hindu and Buddhist religions by people of the <a href="/wiki/Newar_people" title="Newar people">Newar</a> culture of <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, the bael tree is part of a <a href="/wiki/Fertility" title="Fertility">fertility</a> ritual for <a href="/wiki/Girl" title="Girl">girls</a> known as the <i><a href="/wiki/Ehee" class="mw-redirect" title="Ehee">Bel Bibaaha</a></i>. Girls are "married" to the bael fruit; as long as the fruit is kept safe and never cracks, the girl can never become widowed, even if her human husband dies. This is a ritual that guarantees the high status of widows in the Newar community compared to other women in Nepal.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Belbati_Princess_(Indian_folktale)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Belbati Princess (Indian folktale)">The Belbati Princess (Indian folktale)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegle_marmelos&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Plummer, J. (2020). <i>Aegle marmelos. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</i> 2020: e.T156233789A156238207. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T156233789A156238207.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T156233789A156238207.en</a>. 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Asia Pacific Business Press Inc. p. 159. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788178330969" title="Special:BookSources/9788178330969"><bdi>9788178330969</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medicinal+Plants+Cultivation+%26+Their+Uses&rft.pages=159&rft.pub=Asia+Pacific+Business+Press+Inc.&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9788178330969&rft.aulast=Panda&rft.aufirst=H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnYyuAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAegle+marmelos" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SED-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SED_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SED_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonier-Williams1981" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Monier-Williams, Monier (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/csl-apidev/servepdf.php?dict=MW72&page=0684-c">"बिल <i>bil</i>"</a>. <i>A Sanskrit-English Dictionary</i>. 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New World Library. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781930722248" title="Special:BookSources/9781930722248"><bdi>9781930722248</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spiritual+Gardening%3A+Creating+Sacred+Space+Outdoors&rft.pub=New+World+Library&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9781930722248&rft.aulast=Peg&rft.aufirst=Streep&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DolAvkAfA3zIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAegle+marmelos" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bakh-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bakh_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBakhru1995" class="citation book cs1">Bakhru, HK (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jyqzV-tcDRQC"><i>Foods That Heal</i></a>. 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Springer Science & Business Media. p. 613. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789400740532" title="Special:BookSources/9789400740532"><bdi>9789400740532</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edible+Medicinal+And+Non-Medicinal+Plants%3A+Volume+4%2C+F0000000000ruits+Volume+4+of+Edible+Medicinal+and+Non-medicinal+Plants%3A+Fruits&rft.pages=613&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9789400740532&rft.aulast=Lim&rft.aufirst=T.+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dc4KuB3iGmbwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAegle+marmelos" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGutschow,_NielsMichaels,_AxelBau,_Christian2008" class="citation book cs1">Gutschow, Niels; Michaels, Axel & Bau, Christian (2008). 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aegle_marmelos" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Aegle marmelos">Aegle marmelos</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Worship_in_Hinduism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC569;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Template:Worship in Hinduism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Template talk:Worship in Hinduism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Worship in Hinduism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Worship_in_Hinduism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Worship in Hinduism">Worship in Hinduism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Main topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aarti" class="mw-redirect" title="Aarti">Ārati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darshan_(Indian_religions)" title="Darshan (Indian religions)">Darshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_deities" title="Hindu deities">Deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_festivals" title="List of Hindu festivals">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homa_(ritual)" title="Homa (ritual)">Homa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">Yajna</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kirtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">Mantra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilaka" title="Tilaka">Tilaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utsava" title="Utsava">Utsava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrata" title="Vrata">Vrata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yatra" title="Yatra">Yatra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Rituals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">Puja</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhisheka" title="Abhisheka">Abhisheka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhog" title="Bhog">Bhog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchamakara" title="Panchamakara">Panchamakara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchamrita" title="Panchamrita">Panchamrita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parikrama" title="Parikrama">Parikrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pran%C4%81ma" title="Pranāma">Pranāma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prasada" title="Prasada">Prasada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushpanjali" title="Pushpanjali">Pushpanjali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Homa_(ritual)" title="Homa (ritual)">Homa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">Yajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnicayana" title="Agnicayana">Agnicayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnihotra" title="Agnihotra">Agnihotra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnikaryam" title="Agnikaryam">Agnikaryam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aupasana" title="Aupasana">Aupasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhuni" title="Dhuni">Dhuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamyakarma" title="Kamyakarma">Kamyakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravargya" title="Pravargya">Pravargya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purushamedha" title="Purushamedha">Purushamedha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putrakameshti" title="Putrakameshti">Putrakameshti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viraja_Homa" title="Viraja Homa">Viraja Homa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achamana" title="Achamana">Achamana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blessing#Hinduism" title="Blessing">Ashirvada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashvamedha" title="Ashvamedha">Ashvamedha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karmkand" class="mw-redirect" title="Karmkand">Karmakāṇḍa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbhabhishekham" title="Kumbhabhishekham">Kumbhabhishekham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nityakarma" title="Nityakarma">Nityakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngejot" title="Ngejot">Ngejot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchayatana_puja" title="Panchayatana puja">Panchayatana puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prana_Pratishtha" class="mw-redirect" title="Prana Pratishtha">Prana Pratishtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandhyavandanam" title="Sandhyavandanam">Sandhyavandanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuddhi_(Hinduism)" title="Shuddhi (Hinduism)">Shuddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arauta" title="Śrauta">Śrauta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarpana" title="Tarpana">Tarpana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upakarma" title="Upakarma">Upakarma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_Hinduism" title="Prayer in Hinduism">Prayer</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dhyana_in_Hinduism" title="Dhyana in Hinduism">Meditation</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajapa_japa" title="Ajapa japa">Ajapa japa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmamuhurta" title="Brahmamuhurta">Brahmamuhurta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagarana" title="Jagarana">Jagarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jai_Shri_Ram" title="Jai Shri Ram">Jai Shri Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kirtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandhyavandanam" title="Sandhyavandanam">Sandhyavandanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaktipat" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaktipat">Śaktipāta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stotra" title="Stotra">Stotra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_eye" title="Third eye">Third eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">Mantras</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gayatri_Mantra" title="Gayatri Mantra">Gayatri Mantra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_(mantra)" title="Hare Krishna (mantra)">Hare Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om_Namah_Shivaya" title="Om Namah Shivaya">Om Namah Shivaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om_Namo_Narayanaya" title="Om Namo Narayanaya">Om Namo Narayanaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puja_thali" title="Puja thali">Puja thali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar#Hinduism" title="Altar">Altar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banalinga" title="Banalinga">Banalinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_leaf" title="Banana leaf">Banana leaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biruda" title="Biruda">Biruda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">Coconut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhunachi" title="Dhunachi">Dhunachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhuni" title="Dhuni">Dhuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhupa" title="Dhupa">Dhupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diya_(lamp)" title="Diya (lamp)">Diya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly-whisk" title="Fly-whisk">Cāmara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland" title="Garland">Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanta" title="Ghanta">Ghanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joss_stick" class="mw-redirect" title="Joss stick">Agarabattī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalasha" title="Kalasha">Kalasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamandalu" title="Kamandalu">Kamandalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khirapat" title="Khirapat">Khirapat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindi_(vessel)" title="Kindi (vessel)">Kindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolam" title="Kolam">Kolam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moolavar" title="Moolavar">Mulavar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paduka" title="Paduka">Paduka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litter_(vehicle)" title="Litter (vehicle)">Palki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchamrita" title="Panchamrita">Panchamrita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandal" title="Pandal">Pandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinda_(riceball)" title="Pinda (riceball)">Pinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japamala" title="Japamala">Prayer beads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangoli" title="Rangoli">Rangoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankha" title="Shankha">Shankha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilaka" title="Tilaka">Tilakamu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utsavar" class="mw-redirect" title="Utsavar">Utsavar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">Yajnopavitam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Materials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agarwood" title="Agarwood">Agarwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alta_(dye)" title="Alta (dye)">Alta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camphor" title="Camphor">Camphor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charu" title="Charu">Charu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghee" title="Ghee">Ghee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incense_in_India" title="Incense in India">Incense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumkuma" title="Kumkuma">Kumkuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagetes" title="Tagetes">Marigold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">Milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panakam" title="Panakam">Panakam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchagavya" title="Panchagavya">Panchagavya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudraksha" title="Rudraksha">Rudraksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandalwood" title="Sandalwood">Candana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindoor" title="Sindoor">Sindūra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soma_(drink)" title="Soma (drink)">Soma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocimum_tenuiflorum" title="Ocimum tenuiflorum">Tulasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turmeric" title="Turmeric">Turmeric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vibhuti" title="Vibhuti">Vibhuti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dholak" title="Dholak">Dholak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_organ#Harmonium" title="Pump organ">Harmonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taal_(instrument)" title="Taal (instrument)">Karatalas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khol" title="Khol">Khol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjira" class="mw-redirect" title="Manjira">Manjira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mridangam" title="Mridangam">Mridangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabla" title="Tabla">Tabla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veena" title="Veena">Veena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_iconography" title="Hindu iconography">Iconography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashtadhatu" title="Ashtadhatu">Ashtadhatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingam" title="Lingam">Lingam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchaloha" title="Panchaloha">Panchaloha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindi_(Hindu_iconography)" title="Pindi (Hindu iconography)">Pindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pillaiyar_Su%E1%B8%BBi" title="Pillaiyar Suḻi">Pillaiyar Suḻi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaligram" title="Shaligram">Shaligram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swastika" title="Swastika">Swastika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoni" title="Yoni">Yoni</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_iconography" title="Category:Hindu iconography">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashram" title="Ashram">Ashram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhwaja_Stambha" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhwaja Stambha">Dhvajastambham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghat" title="Ghat">Ghat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_tank" title="Temple tank">Temple tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">Matha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites">Pilgrimage sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Roles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandit" title="Pandit">Pandit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pujari" title="Pujari">Pujari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purohita" title="Purohita">Purohita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishi" title="Rishi">Rishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadhu" title="Sadhu">Sadhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">Sannyasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant_(religion)" title="Sant (religion)">Sant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satguru" title="Satguru">Satguru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami" title="Swami">Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">Yogi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Titles_and_occupations_in_Hinduism" title="Category:Titles and occupations in Hinduism">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Sacred animals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cattle_in_religion_and_mythology#Sacred_status_of_cow" title="Cattle in religion and mythology">Cow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashva" title="Ashva">Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81ga" title="Nāga">Nāga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Sacred plants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Trees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akshayavata" title="Akshayavata">Akshayavata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saraca_asoca" title="Saraca asoca">Ashoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banyan" title="Banyan">Banyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolamarckia_cadamba" title="Neolamarckia cadamba">Kadamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpavriksha" title="Kalpavriksha">Kalpavriksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyctanthes_arbor-tristis" title="Nyctanthes arbor-tristis">Parijata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ficus_religiosa" title="Ficus religiosa">Peepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_groves_of_India" title="Sacred groves of India">Sacred groves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Fruits and other plants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmostachya_bipinnata" title="Desmostachya bipinnata">Kusha grass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelumbo_nucifera" title="Nelumbo nucifera">Lotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulasi_in_Hinduism" title="Tulasi in Hinduism">Tulasi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tulasi_Vrindavana" title="Tulasi Vrindavana">Tulasi Vrindavana</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Firewalking" title="Firewalking">Firewalking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samskara_(rite_of_passage)" title="Samskara (rite of passage)">Samskara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_dance" title="Temple dance">Temple dance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Aegle marmelos</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234126" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q234126">Q234126</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Aegle_marmelos" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Aegle marmelos">Aegle marmelos</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APDB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/90351">90351</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/129745">129745</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=210637">210637</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/658R3">658R3</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ecocrop" title="Ecocrop">Ecocrop</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecocrop.review.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=2844">2844</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/483583">483583</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/AELMA">AELMA</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=220000248">220000248</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">FoC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=220000248">220000248</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/5421195">5421195</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=1560">1560</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/325928">325928</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/770819-1">770819-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10589032">10589032</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=506380">506380</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/156233789">156233789</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=68527">68527</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/FloraNT" title="FloraNT">NTFlora</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eflora.nt.gov.au/factsheet?id=18450">18450</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=490374">490374</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">PalDat: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paldat.org/pub/Aegle_marmelos">Aegle_marmelos</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_for_a_Future" title="Plants for a Future">PfaF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Aegle+marmelos">Aegle marmelos</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2623456">kew-2623456</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/AEMA3">AEMA3</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A770819-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770819-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/28100016">28100016</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000521533">wfo-0000521533</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Aegle</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3090671" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q3090671">Q3090671</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Aegle_(Rutaceae)" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Aegle (Rutaceae)">Aegle (Rutaceae)</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APDB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/187809">187809</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/129744">129744</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=210636">210636</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/PJX">PJX</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1AELG">1AELG</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">FoC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=100659">100659</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2864442">2864442</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus.aspx?id=228">228</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/325929">325929</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/331323-2">331323-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=500738">500738</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=68526">68526</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=490372">490372</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/AEGLE">AEGLE</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A331323-2">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331323-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/40033244">40033244</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-4000000761">wfo-4000000761</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Crateva marmelos</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21872904" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q21872904">Q21872904</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/215585">215585</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/Z968">Z968</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/3871481">3871481</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=12160">12160</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/147477-1">147477-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A147477-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:147477-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/50172412">50172412</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000625712">wfo-0000625712</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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