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class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Help%3ANamespaces" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Help%3ANamespaces" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Help%3ANamespaces" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Help%3ANamespaces" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Standard_namespaces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standard_namespaces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Standard namespaces</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Standard_namespaces-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Standard namespaces subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Standard_namespaces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Special</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-(Main)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#(Main)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>(Main)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-(Main)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Talk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Talk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Talk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Talk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-User" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#User"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>User</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-User-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-User_talk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#User_talk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>User talk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-User_talk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Project</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Project_talk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Project_talk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Project talk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Project_talk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-File" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#File"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>File</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-File-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-File_talk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#File_talk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.10</span> <span>File talk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-File_talk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MediaWiki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MediaWiki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.11</span> <span>MediaWiki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MediaWiki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MediaWiki_talk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MediaWiki_talk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.12</span> <span>MediaWiki talk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MediaWiki_talk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Template" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Template"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.13</span> <span>Template</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Template-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Template_talk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Template_talk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.14</span> <span>Template talk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Template_talk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Help" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Help"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.15</span> <span>Help</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Help-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Help_talk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Help_talk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.16</span> <span>Help talk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Help_talk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Category" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Category"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.17</span> <span>Category</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Category-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Category_talk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Category_talk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.18</span> <span>Category talk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Category_talk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Localisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Localisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Localisation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Localisation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Localisation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Localisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Renaming_namespaces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renaming_namespaces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Renaming namespaces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renaming_namespaces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Namespace_aliases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Namespace_aliases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Namespace aliases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Namespace_aliases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Custom_namespaces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Custom_namespaces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Custom namespaces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Custom_namespaces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Identifying_namespaces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Identifying_namespaces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Identifying namespaces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Identifying_namespaces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Help</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Namespaces</span></h1> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-help" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces" title="View the help page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help_talk:Namespaces" rel="discussion" title="Discussion about the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Namespaces&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Namespaces&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Namespaces&action=edit"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Namespaces&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Help:Namespaces" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Help:Namespaces" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Namespaces&oldid=6804783" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Namespaces&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediawiki.org%2Fwiki%2FHelp%3ANamespaces"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediawiki.org%2Fwiki%2FHelp%3ANamespaces"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Help%3ANamespaces"><span>Create a book</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Help%3ANamespaces&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Namespaces&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-meta mw-list-item"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Namespace" hreflang="en"><span>Meta-Wiki</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-sources mw-list-item"><a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Help:Namespace" hreflang="en"><span>Multilingual Wikisource</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q104760958" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From mediawiki.org</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-pt-translate-header noprint nomobile" dir="ltr" lang="en"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Help%3ANamespaces&action=page&filter=&action_source=translate_page" title="Special:Translate">Translate this page</a></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-pt-languages noprint navigation-not-searchable" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-pt-languages-label">Languages:</div><ul class="mw-pt-languages-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/id" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Bantuan:Ruang nama (100% translated)" lang="id" dir="ltr">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/ms" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Bantuan:Ruang nama (43% translated)" lang="ms" dir="ltr">Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/de" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Help:Namensräume (100% translated)" lang="de" dir="ltr">Deutsch</a></li> <li><span class="mw-pt-languages-ui mw-pt-languages-selected mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" lang="en" dir="ltr">English</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/eo" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Helpo:Nomspacoj (2% translated)" lang="eo" dir="ltr">Esperanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/lb" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Help:Namespaces (26% translated)" lang="lb" dir="ltr">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/nap" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Help:Namespaces/nap (2% translated)" lang="nap" dir="ltr">Napulitano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/nl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Help:Namespaces/nl (100% translated)" lang="nl" dir="ltr">Nederlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/ksh" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Help:Namespaces (22% translated)" lang="ksh" dir="ltr">Ripoarisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/tr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Help:Ad alanları (92% translated)" lang="tr" dir="ltr">Türkçe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/yo" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Help:Namespaces/yo (3% translated)" lang="yo" dir="ltr">Yorùbá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/diq" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Peşti:Heruna nameyan (42% translated)" lang="diq" dir="ltr">Zazaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/ca" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Ajuda:Espais de noms (84% translated)" lang="ca" dir="ltr">català</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/da" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Help:Namespaces/da (14% translated)" lang="da" dir="ltr">dansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/es" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Ayuda:Espacios de nombres (82% translated)" lang="es" dir="ltr">español</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/fr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Espaces de noms (100% translated)" lang="fr" dir="ltr">français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/it" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Aiuto:Namespace (95% translated)" lang="it" dir="ltr">italiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/lt" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Pagalba:Vardų sritys (1% translated)" lang="lt" dir="ltr">lietuvių</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/hu" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Segítség:Névterek (57% translated)" lang="hu" dir="ltr">magyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/nb" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Help:Navnerom (1% translated)" lang="nb" dir="ltr">norsk bokmål</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/pl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Help:Przestrzenie nazw (79% translated)" lang="pl" dir="ltr">polski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/pt" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Ajuda:Espaços Nominais (79% translated)" lang="pt" dir="ltr">português</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/pt-br" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Help:Espaços nominais (90% translated)" lang="pt-BR" dir="ltr">português do Brasil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/ro" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Help:Namespaces (24% translated)" lang="ro" dir="ltr">română</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/sk" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Help:Namespaces (47% translated)" lang="sk" dir="ltr">slovenčina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/fi" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Help:Namespaces (17% translated)" lang="fi" dir="ltr">suomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/sv" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Help:Namnrymder (45% translated)" lang="sv" dir="ltr">svenska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/cs" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Nápověda:Jmenné prostory (100% translated)" lang="cs" dir="ltr">čeština</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/be-tarask" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Дапамога:Прасторы назваў (38% translated)" lang="be-tarask" dir="ltr">беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/bg" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Help:Именни пространства (29% translated)" lang="bg" dir="ltr">български</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/ru" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Справка:Пространства имён (90% translated)" lang="ru" dir="ltr">русский</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/sr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Помоћ:Именски простори (30% translated)" lang="sr" dir="ltr">српски / srpski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/uk" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Довідка:Простори назв (82% translated)" lang="uk" dir="ltr">українська</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/ar" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="مساعدة:نطاقات (52% translated)" lang="ar" dir="rtl">العربية</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/fa" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Help:فضاهای‌ نام (22% translated)" lang="fa" dir="rtl">فارسی</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/ps" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Help:نومتشيالونه (35% translated)" lang="ps" dir="rtl">پښتو</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/anp" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Help:नाँवस्थान (20% translated)" lang="anp" dir="ltr">अंगिका</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/hi" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Help:नामस्थान (90% translated)" lang="hi" dir="ltr">हिन्दी</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/bn" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Help:Namespaces/bn (1% translated)" lang="bn" dir="ltr">বাংলা</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/ml" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="സഹായം:നാമമേഖലകൾ (1% translated)" lang="ml" dir="ltr">മലയാളം</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/zh" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Help:命名空间 (100% translated)" lang="zh" dir="ltr">中文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/ja" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Help:名前空間 (70% translated)" lang="ja" dir="ltr">日本語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Namespaces/ko" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="도움말:이름공간 (69% translated)" lang="ko" dir="ltr">한국어</a></li></ul></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6776268">.mw-parser-output .template-pd-help-page{color:var(--color-emphasized,#101418);border:solid 1px var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.5em;margin:0.5em 0;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#ffffff);font-size:95%;vertical-align:middle;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .template-pd-help-page .icon-cell{padding:0 1em;width:30px}</style><table class="template-pd-help-page"><tbody><tr> <td class="icon-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="PD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/30px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/45px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/60px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span></td> <td><b>Note:</b> When you edit this page, you agree to release your contribution under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0</a>. See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Project:PD_help" title="Special:MyLanguage/Project:PD help">Public Domain Help Pages</a> for more info. </td> <td class="icon-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="PD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/30px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/45px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/60px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p>Pages on a MediaWiki wiki are grouped into collections called “<b>namespaces</b>” which differentiate between the purpose of the pages at a high level. Pages in certain namespaces can also have special properties or behave differently when they interact with other pages. </p><p>Namespaces are indicated in page titles by prefixing the page name with <code><namespace>:</code>, so the prefix <code>Help:</code> in this page's title (<code>Help:Namespaces</code>) indicates that this page is in the <code>Help</code> namespace. Each namespace is identified by a number and a name, which can be translated and can also have some aliases. </p><p>A page whose name is <i>not</i> prefixed by a namespace lies in the <a href="#blank-ns">mainspace</a>. Note, however, that colons and prefixes can also appear in page titles <i>without</i> indicating a namespace: the page <code>Foo:Namespaces</code> is a page located in the mainspace because the namespace “Foo” does not exist. Similarly the page <code>Help:Foo:Namespaces</code> is in the “Help” namespace. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Standard_namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Standard_namespaces"></span>Standard namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Standard_namespaces"></span></h2></div> <p>The standard MediaWiki installation has sixteen namespaces that can contain user-generated content; there are also two special namespaces that contain pages created “on the fly” by the MediaWiki software. The standard namespaces are organized in pairs, with each pair containing a “subject namespace” and a “discussion namespace.” The namespaces are numbered from zero such that all subject namespaces have even indices and all talk namespaces have odd indices. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="ns-media"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Media" data-mw-thread-id="h-Media-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Media-Standard_namespaces"></span>Media<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Media-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <p>This namespace is used for direct linking to media files: the link <code>[[<a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg" class="internal" title="MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg">Media:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg</a>]]</code> links to just the image rather than the image description page, which would be <code>[[<a href="/wiki/File:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg" title="File:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg">:File:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg</a>]]</code>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Special" data-mw-thread-id="h-Special-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Special-Standard_namespaces"></span>Special<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Special-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6353907">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic;padding-bottom:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.4em;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .hatnote.no-border{border-bottom:none}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Special_pages" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Special pages">Help:Special pages</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_pages" title="Help:Special pages"> </a></span></div> <p>This namespace is used to group <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Special_pages" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Special pages">special pages</a>, reports and interfaces that are generated “on demand” by MediaWiki and that are not directly editable. It is not possible to create pages in this namespace except by modifying or extending the MediaWiki software. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="blank-ns"></span><span class="anchor" id="Main"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="(Main)" data-mw-thread-id="h-(Main)-Standard_namespaces"><span id=".28Main.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-(Main)-Standard_namespaces"></span>(Main)<span data-mw-comment-end="h-(Main)-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <p>The namespace that has no prefix separated by a colon. Commonly called the “main namespace” or “mainspace”. This namespace typically contains the bulk of the <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:$wgContentNamespaces" title="Special:MyLanguage/Manual:$wgContentNamespaces">content pages</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Manual:$wgContentNamespaces" title="Manual:$wgContentNamespaces"> </a></span> in a wiki. This namespace generally has no special properties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Talk" data-mw-thread-id="h-Talk-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Talk-Standard_namespaces"></span>Talk<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Talk-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6353907"><div role="note" class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Talk_pages" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Talk pages">Help:Talk pages</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages"> </a></span></div> <p>The “Talk” namespace is the discussion namespace attached to the mainspace. It has no special properties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="User" data-mw-thread-id="h-User-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-User-Standard_namespaces"></span>User<span data-mw-comment-end="h-User-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6353907"><div role="note" class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:User_page" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:User page">Help:User page</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:User_page" title="Help:User page"> </a></span></div> <p>Each user has a corresponding page in the “User” namespace, which is linked to from edit histories, watchlists, recent changes, etc.; wherever an individual user is uniquely identified. </p><p>This page and subpages of it can be used by users to record information about themselves or to test and draft new content. Pages of the form <code>User:<i>UserName</i>/Foo<b>.js</b></code> or <code>User:<i>UserName</i>/Foo<b>.css</b></code> can only be edited by the user themselves or by <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Sysops_and_permissions" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Sysops and permissions">interface administrators</a> (or administrators before MediaWiki 1.32). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="User_talk" data-mw-thread-id="h-User_talk-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-User_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span>User talk<span data-mw-comment-end="h-User_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <p>This namespace is the talkspace associated with the “User” namespace. Pages in this namespace are mainly used to leave messages for particular users or inform them of discussions that may be of interest to them. To facilitate this, when a page <code>User talk:UserName</code> is edited, whenever the user UserName loads a page, a notice is displayed at the top of the page informing them of the edit: </p> <div class="usermessage plainlinks" style="margin: 1em 0;"> <p>You have <a href="/w/index.php?title=User_talk:UserName&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User talk:UserName (page does not exist)"><span style="color:#002bb8">a new message</span></a> from another user (<a class="external text" href="https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:UserName&diff=cur"><span style="color:#002bb8">last change</span></a>). </p> </div> <p>This notice continues to appear until the user loads their user talk page to read the message. </p> <div style="font-color:#535068; border:solid 1px #A8A8A8; padding:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0.7em; margin:0.5em 0em; background-color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tools.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Tools.svg/20px-Tools.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Tools.svg/30px-Tools.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Tools.svg/40px-Tools.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"/></a></span> <b>Tip for wiki admins:</b> Extensions like <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Echo" title="Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Echo">Echo</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Extension:Echo" title="Extension:Echo"> </a></span> may override this behavior. </p> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Project" data-mw-thread-id="h-Project-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Project-Standard_namespaces"></span>Project<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Project-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <p>This namespace is normally used for meta-discussions related to the operation and development of the wiki. It automatically redirects the user to a namespace labeled after the wiki's name, example: [[Project:Licenses]] → [[Wikipedia:Licenses]]. </p><p>Because this namespace's name changes from wiki to wiki, you may want to simply look at the 5th entry in any dropdown containing a list of all namespaces. The project namespace will be listed immediately after the User talk namespace. On some wiki farms, the name "Meta" may be used for this namespace. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Project_talk" data-mw-thread-id="h-Project_talk-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Project_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span>Project talk<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Project_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <p>This is a talk namespace that is normally used for discussions related to the associated project pages. It has no special properties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="File" data-mw-thread-id="h-File-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-File-Standard_namespaces"></span>File<span data-mw-comment-end="h-File-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6353907"><div role="note" class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images">Help:Images</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Images" title="Help:Images"> </a></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg/270px-MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg/405px-MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg/540px-MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="300"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The “File” namespace is used to store metadata for images, videos, sound files and other media accessed via the “Media” namespace. Each file has a corresponding page in the “File” namespace, which is often used to hold licensing data. Linking <i>directly</i> to a page in this namespace instead includes the media file inline in the page: <code>[[File:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg|right]]</code> produces the image to the right. See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images">Help:Images</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Images" title="Help:Images"> </a></span> for more details of this link syntax. </p><p>To create an <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links">internal link</a> to the file page, you need to add a colon to the front of the namespace: <code>[[:File:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg|right]]</code> produces <a href="/wiki/File:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg" title="File:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg">File:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg</a>. The standard MediaWiki installation has alias “Image” for “File” namespace – See <a href="#ns-aliases">Namespace aliases</a>. </p><p>For linking media files directly, bypassing the description page, see <a href="#ns-media">Media namespace</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="File_talk" data-mw-thread-id="h-File_talk-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-File_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span>File talk<span data-mw-comment-end="h-File_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <p>This is a talk namespace that is normally used for discussions related to the associated media files. It has no special properties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="MediaWiki" data-mw-thread-id="h-MediaWiki-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-MediaWiki-Standard_namespaces"></span>MediaWiki<span data-mw-comment-end="h-MediaWiki-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6353907"><div role="note" class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:System_message" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:System message">Help:System message</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:System_message" title="Help:System message"> </a></span></div> <p>The “MediaWiki” namespace is used to <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:System_message#Overriding_messages_on-wiki" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:System message">hold system messages</a> and other important content. For instance, the page <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Edit" title="MediaWiki:Edit">MediaWiki:Edit</a> (or <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Vector-view-edit" title="MediaWiki:Vector-view-edit">MediaWiki:Vector-view-edit</a> in the default “Vector” skin) contains the text that fills the “Edit” tab at the top of every page. If that page exists, it overrides the default content, which is “Edit.” Similarly, <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Common.css" title="MediaWiki:Common.css">MediaWiki:Common.css</a> is the system message that holds the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" class="extiw" title="w:Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</a> code that is loaded for all users for each page. It has the special property that the entire namespace can only be edited by users with the <code>(editinterface)</code> user right. Since MediaWiki 1.32, JavaScript and CSS pages needs also <code>editinterface</code> and (respectively) <code>editsitejs</code> or <code>editsitecss</code> rights to edit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="MediaWiki_talk" data-mw-thread-id="h-MediaWiki_talk-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-MediaWiki_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span>MediaWiki talk<span data-mw-comment-end="h-MediaWiki_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <p>This is a talk namespace that is normally used for discussions related to the associated system messages. It has no special properties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Template" data-mw-thread-id="h-Template-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Template-Standard_namespaces"></span>Template<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Template-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6353907"><div role="note" class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Templates" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Templates">Help:Templates</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Templates" title="Help:Templates"> </a></span></div> <p>The “Template” namespace is used to hold <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Templates" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Templates">templates</a>, blocks of text or wikicode that are intended to be transcluded into several other pages. To facilitate this it has the special property that it is the <i>default</i> namespace for transclusions: the wikicode <code>{{Foo}}</code> is equivalent to <code>{{<b>Template:</b>Foo}}</code>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Template_talk" data-mw-thread-id="h-Template_talk-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Template_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span>Template talk<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Template_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <p>This is a talk namespace that is normally used for discussions related to the associated template pages. It has no special properties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Help" data-mw-thread-id="h-Help-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Help-Standard_namespaces"></span>Help<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Help-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <p>The “Help” namespace is usually used to hold help files, instructions and “how-to” guides. It has no special properties. See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents">Help namespace content</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Help_talk" data-mw-thread-id="h-Help_talk-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Help_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span>Help talk<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Help_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <p>This is a talk namespace that is normally used for discussions related to the associated help pages. It has no special properties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Category" data-mw-thread-id="h-Category-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Category-Standard_namespaces"></span>Category<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Category-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6353907"><div role="note" class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Categories">Help:Categories</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Categories" title="Help:Categories"> </a></span></div> <p>The “Category” namespace contains <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Categories">categories</a>, dynamic lists of other pages. To facilitate this, linking <i>directly</i> to a category page does not output an inline link, but instead includes the page into the associated category page. So the code <code>[[Category:Help]]</code> causes a category link to appear at the bottom of the page (at the bottom in the box marked “Categories”). Clicking on that link takes you to the category page, where this page is visible in the category list. </p><p>To create an inline link to a category page, you need to add a colon to the front of the namespace: <code>[[:Category:Help]]</code> produces <a href="/wiki/Category:Help" title="Category:Help">Category:Help</a>. See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Categories">Help:Categories</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Help:Categories" title="Help:Categories"> </a></span> for more details on category link syntax. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Category_talk" data-mw-thread-id="h-Category_talk-Standard_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Category_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span>Category talk<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Category_talk-Standard_namespaces"></span></h4></div> <p>This is a talk namespace that is normally used for discussions related to the associated category pages. It has no special properties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Localisation" data-mw-thread-id="h-Localisation"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Localisation"></span>Localisation<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Localisation"></span></h2></div> <p>Namespace names and aliases can be localized by developers. To request the localization of namespace names, please <a class="external text" href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/create/?projects=MediaWiki-Internationalization">file a MediaWiki internationalization task</a> at <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator" title="Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator">Phabricator</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Phabricator" title="Phabricator"> </a></span>. In the description of the task, you should provide translations of all the namespaces in the table to the right, as well as any additional namespaces on your wiki (such as "Module" or "Gadget"). </p><p>If the site's language is Chinese, then namespace names are translated only when the content is converted and there is no <code>__NOTITLECONVERT__</code> or <code>__NOTC__</code> or <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words">magic words</a> on a page. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Renaming_namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Renaming_namespaces-Localisation"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Renaming_namespaces-Localisation"></span>Renaming namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Renaming_namespaces-Localisation"></span></h3></div> <table class="wikitable" width="0" style="float:right"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#A7C1F2">Number </th> <th style="background:#A7C1F2">Canonical name </th> <th style="background:#A7C1F2">Localized name </th></tr> <tr> <td>-2</td> <td>Media</td> <td>Media </td></tr> <tr> <td>-1</td> <td>Special</td> <td>Special </td></tr> <tr> <td>0</td> <td>(Main)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Talk</td> <td>Talk </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>User</td> <td>User </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>User talk</td> <td>User talk </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>Project</td> <td>Project </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>Project talk</td> <td>Project talk </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>File</td> <td>File </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>File talk</td> <td>File talk </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>MediaWiki</td> <td>MediaWiki </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>MediaWiki talk</td> <td>MediaWiki talk </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td>Template</td> <td>Template </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>Template talk</td> <td>Template talk </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td>Help</td> <td>Help </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td>Help talk</td> <td>Help talk </td></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td>Category</td> <td>Category </td></tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td>Category talk</td> <td>Category talk </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Namespace names can be translated into languages other than English and individual namespaces can be renamed, as set by a wiki's system admins (using <a href="/wiki/Namespace_manager" title="Namespace manager">Namespace manager</a>). These names are known as the 'localized' namespace names. However, all namespaces have a 'canonical name', the original English name which will work on any installation of MediaWiki. So linking to <a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Foo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User:Foo (page does not exist)">User:Foo</a> will always locate the user page for the user foo, whether the wiki is in French (where the localized name would be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utilisateur:Foo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utilisateur:Foo (page does not exist)">Utilisateur:Foo</a>), Russian (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA:Foo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Участник:Foo (page does not exist)">Участник:Foo</a>), or Hindi (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF:Foo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="सदस्य:Foo (page does not exist)">सदस्य:Foo</a>). </p><p>The canonical namespace names are given in the table to the right along with their localized names on this wiki. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="ns-aliases"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Namespace_aliases" data-mw-thread-id="h-Namespace_aliases-Localisation"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Namespace_aliases-Localisation"></span>Namespace aliases<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Namespace_aliases-Localisation"></span></h3></div> <p>On some wikis there are also namespace <i>aliases</i>: alternative names that will also be resolved to the localised names. For instance, a wiki might define "T" as an alias for Template, such that typing <a href="/w/index.php?title=T:Foo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T:Foo (page does not exist)">T:Foo</a> is equivalent to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Foo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Foo (page does not exist)">Template:Foo</a>, saving a few characters and seconds. An actual example would be on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:">English Wikipedia</a>, where "WP" is an alias for Project, which is the namespace "Wikipedia". </p><p>By default, "Image" is an alias for File, so <code>[[Image:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg]]</code> is equivalent to <code>[[File:MediaWiki-2020-logo.svg]]</code>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Custom_namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Custom_namespaces-Localisation"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Custom_namespaces-Localisation"></span>Custom namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Custom_namespaces-Localisation"></span></h3></div> <dl><dd><i>See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Using_custom_namespaces" title="Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Using custom namespaces">Manual:Using custom namespaces</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Manual:Using_custom_namespaces" title="Manual:Using custom namespaces"> </a></span> for more information.</i></dd></dl> <p>Some wikis may wish to organize their content in ways that do not fit into this standard set of namespaces. A wiki may define additional namespaces to facilitate this; these namespaces behave exactly like normal namespaces, and generally have indices greater than or equal to 100. These custom namespaces generally have no special properties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Identifying_namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Identifying_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Identifying_namespaces"></span>Identifying namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Identifying_namespaces"></span></h2></div> <p>There are a number of ways by which the namespace of a particular page can be identified: </p> <dl><dt>Magic words</dt></dl> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_word" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic word">magic word</a> <code>{{NAMESPACE}}</code> returns the value of the namespace the page is in. </p><p>To refer to another namespace, use <code>{{ns:<name>}}</code> (e.g. <code>{{ns:Project}}</code>), or <code>{{SUBJECTSPACE}}</code> / <code>{{TALKSPACE}}</code> to refer to the namespace paired with the current one. </p> <dl><dt>JavaScript</dt></dl> <p>The JavaScript variable <code>wgCanonicalNamespace</code> contains the full namespace name. The variable <code>wgNamespaceNumber</code> contains the numerical index of the namespace. </p> <dl><dt>CSS</dt></dl> <p>The <code class="mw-highlight" style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="p">‎<</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span></code> tag of the HTML page output is given two CSS classes that vary by namespace: A class <code>ns-#</code>, where # is the index of the namespace, and <code>ns-XXX</code>, where XXX is "<code>subject</code>" for all <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Namespace#Subject_and_talk_namespaces" title="Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Namespace">subject namespaces</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Manual:Namespace#Subject_and_talk_namespaces" title="Manual:Namespace"> </a></span>, "<code>special</code>" for pages in the Special namespace, and "<code>talk</code>" for <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Namespace#Subject_and_talk_namespaces" title="Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Namespace">talk namespaces</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Manual:Namespace#Subject_and_talk_namespaces" title="Manual:Namespace"> </a></span>. So CSS code such as the following can be used to change the appearance of an object based on its namespace: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">ns-subject</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c">/* Almost all links on subject pages to be green. */</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mh">#0f0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">ns-talk</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c">/* Links on talk pages to be blue. */</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mh">#00f</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">ns-3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c">/* and links on user talk pages to be red */</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mh">#f00</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>You can get a complete list of all namespace names of a MediaWiki installation from the Search results page <i>Advanced</i> tab, or from any <i>recent changes</i> page such as contributions or watchlist in its options box, in a drop-down list. For the system properties of each namespace, use the MediaWiki <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:Main_page" title="Special:MyLanguage/API:Main page">API</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/API:Main_page" title="API:Main page"> </a></span>: </p> <dl><dt>API</dt></dl> <div class="plainlinks" style="margin-bottom: 0.3em"><b><a class="external text" href="https://www.mediawiki.org/w/api.php?action=query&meta=siteinfo&siprop=namespaces&formatversion=2">api.php<span style="margin:0 0.5em">?</span><wbr/>action=query<span style="margin:0 0.5em">&</span><wbr/>meta=siteinfo<span style="margin:0 0.5em">&</span><wbr/>siprop=namespaces<span style="margin:0 0.5em">&</span><wbr/>formatversion=2</a></b> <a class="external text" href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:ApiSandbox#action=query&meta=siteinfo&siprop=namespaces&formatversion=2">[try in ApiSandbox]</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Namespace" title="Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Namespace">Manual:Namespace</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Manual:Namespace" title="Manual:Namespace"> </a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Using_custom_namespaces" title="Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Using custom namespaces">Manual:Using custom namespaces</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Manual:Using_custom_namespaces" title="Manual:Using custom namespaces"> </a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:$wgNamespacesToBeSearchedDefault" title="Special:MyLanguage/Manual:$wgNamespacesToBeSearchedDefault">Manual:$wgNamespacesToBeSearchedDefault</a><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Manual:$wgNamespacesToBeSearchedDefault" title="Manual:$wgNamespacesToBeSearchedDefault"> </a></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Namespaces&oldid=6804783">https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Namespaces&oldid=6804783</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Help" title="Category:Help">Help</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Namespace" title="Category:Namespace">Namespace</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 October 2024, at 22:18.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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