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<div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Галоўнае меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навігацыя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Адкрыць Галоўную старонку [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Галоўная старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Пра праект, чым можна заняцца, дзе што шукаць"><span>Супольнасць</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:RecentChanges" title="Пералік нядаўніх змяненняў у віксе. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія змены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:NewPages"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-Village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Random" title="Паказаць выпадковую старонку [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Выпадковая старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дзе можна атрымаць тлумачэнні."><span>Даведка</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Паведаміць пра памылку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпедыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be.svg" style="width: 7.625em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-be.svg" width="117" height="12" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Пошук</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" aria-label="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Адмысловае:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Пошук</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Выгляд" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Выгляд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be" class=""><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова" class=""><span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Меню ўдзельніка" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be"><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Раннія_гады_і_заняцце_трона" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Раннія_гады_і_заняцце_трона"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Раннія гады і заняцце трона</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Раннія_гады_і_заняцце_трона-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Змяніць стан падраздзелу Раннія гады і заняцце трона</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Раннія_гады_і_заняцце_трона-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Легенда_аб_паходжанні" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Легенда_аб_паходжанні"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Легенда аб паходжанні</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Легенда_аб_паходжанні-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Характарыстыка_праўлення" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Характарыстыка_праўлення"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Характарыстыка праўлення</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Характарыстыка_праўлення-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Знешняя_палітыка" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Знешняя_палітыка"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Знешняя палітыка</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Знешняя_палітыка-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Змяніць стан падраздзелу Знешняя палітыка</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Знешняя_палітыка-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Басейн_Амура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Басейн_Амура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Басейн Амура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Басейн_Амура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Тыбет" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тыбет"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Тыбет</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Тыбет-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Манголы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Манголы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Манголы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Манголы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Дайв’ет_і_Т’ямпа" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Дайв’ет_і_Т’ямпа"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Дайв’ет і Т’ямпа</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Дайв’ет_і_Т’ямпа-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Экспедыцыі_Чжэн_Хэ_ў_«Заходні_акіян»" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Экспедыцыі_Чжэн_Хэ_ў_«Заходні_акіян»"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Экспедыцыі Чжэн Хэ ў «Заходні акіян»</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Экспедыцыі_Чжэн_Хэ_ў_«Заходні_акіян»-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Дзеці" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Дзеці"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Дзеці</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Дзеці-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Смерць" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Смерць"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Смерць</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Смерць-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Юнлэ_ў_сучаснай_літаратуры" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Юнлэ_ў_сучаснай_літаратуры"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Юнлэ ў сучаснай літаратуры</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Юнлэ_ў_сучаснай_літаратуры-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Крыніцы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Крыніцы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Крыніцы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Крыніцы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Літаратура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Літаратура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Літаратура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Літаратура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Юнлэ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 51 мове." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 мова</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle" title="Yongle – афрыкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Yongle" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="афрыкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%84%D9%8A" title="الإمبراطور يونغلي – арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الإمبراطور يونغلي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%89" title="الامبراطور يونجلى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الامبراطور يونجلى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84%D9%88" title="یونقلو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یونقلو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8A" title="Мин Юнлъ – балгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мин Юнлъ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="балгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C7%92ngl%C3%A8" title="Yǒnglè – каталанская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Yǒnglè" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AAng-l%C5%8Fk_Hu%C3%B2ng-d%C3%A1%CC%A4" title="Īng-lŏk Huòng-dá̤ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Īng-lŏk Huòng-dá̤" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%86%D8%B1_%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%B5" title="ئیمپراتۆر یۆنگڵ – цэнтральнакурдская" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیمپراتۆر یۆنگڵ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="цэнтральнакурдская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jung-le" title="Jung-le – чэшская" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jung-le" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чэшская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle-kejseren" title="Yongle-kejseren – дацкая" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Yongle-kejseren" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle" title="Yongle – нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Yongle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle_Emperor" title="Yongle Emperor – англійская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Yongle Emperor" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jongleo" title="Jongleo – эсперанта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jongleo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle" title="Yongle – іспанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Yongle" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="іспанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C7%92ngl%C3%A8" title="Yǒnglè – баскская" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Yǒnglè" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D9%88" title="یونگ‌لو – фарсі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یونگ‌لو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle" title="Yongle – фінская" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yongle" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Chengzu" title="Ming Chengzu – французская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ming Chengzu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle" title="Yongle – ірландская" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Yongle" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ірландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%94,_%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A8_%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9F" title="יונגלה, קיסר סין – іўрыт" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יונגלה, קיסר סין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="іўрыт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Jung-l%C3%B6_k%C3%ADnai_cs%C3%A1sz%C3%A1r" title="Ming Jung-lö kínai császár – венгерская" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ming Jung-lö kínai császár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaisar_Yongle" title="Kaisar Yongle – інданезійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kaisar Yongle" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданезійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle" title="Yongle – італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Yongle" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="добры артыкул"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%A5%BD%E5%B8%9D" title="永楽帝 – японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="永楽帝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaisar_Yongle" title="Kaisar Yongle – яванская" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kaisar Yongle" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Юнлэ – казахская" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Юнлэ" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EB%9D%BD%EC%A0%9C" title="영락제 – карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="영락제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D3%A9" title="Юнлө – мангольская" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Юнлө" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="мангольская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%97-%E0%A4%B2" title="याँग-ल – маратхі" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="याँग-ल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharaja_Yung_Lo" title="Maharaja Yung Lo – малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Maharaja Yung Lo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D9%88" title="یونگ‌لو – мазандэранская" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="یونگ‌لو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандэранская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle" title="Yongle – нідэрландская" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Yongle" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle-keiseren" title="Yongle-keiseren – нарвежская (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Yongle-keiseren" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle" title="Yongle – польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Yongle" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%81%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%88" title="شہنشاہ یونگلو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شہنشاہ یونگلو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle" title="Yongle – партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Yongle" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Юнлэ – руская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Юнлэ" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle_Emperor" title="Yongle Emperor – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Yongle Emperor" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="добры артыкул"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle-kejsaren" title="Yongle-kejsaren – шведская" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Yongle-kejsaren" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle" title="Yongle – суахілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Yongle" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD" title="จักรพรรดิหย่งเล่อ – тайская" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จักรพรรดิหย่งเล่อ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle" title="Yongle – турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yongle" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%94%D1%96" title="Чжу Ді – украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чжу Ді" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%81%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%88" title="شہنشاہ یونگلو – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شہنشاہ یونگلو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperator_Yongle" title="Imperator Yongle – узбекская" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Imperator Yongle" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minh_Th%C3%A0nh_T%E1%BB%95" title="Minh Thành Tổ – в’етнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Minh Thành Tổ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="в’етнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96" title="明成祖 – ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="明成祖" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96" title="明成祖 – кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="明成祖" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96" title="明成祖 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="明成祖" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AAng_S%C3%AAng-ch%C3%B3%CD%98" title="Bêng Sêng-chó͘ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bêng Sêng-chó͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%A3%A3" title="朱棣 – кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="朱棣" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9965#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Паказаць уласна змест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Старонка</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B:%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Размовы пра змест гэтай старонкі (няма такой старонкі) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Змяніць моўны варыянт" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">беларуская</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Віды"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=history" title="Ранейшыя версіі гэтай старонкі. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Інструменты" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Інструменты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дзеянні </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=history"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Агульныя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:WhatLinksHere/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Спіс вікістаронак, якія спасылаюцца сюды [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Сюды спасылаюцца</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:RecentChangesLinked/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" rel="nofollow" title="Нядаўнія змены ў старонках, на якія спасылаецца гэтая старонка [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Звязаныя праўкі</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:SpecialPages" title="Пералік усіх адмысловых старонак [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Адмысловыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&oldid=4790904" title="Нязменная спасылка на гэтую версію гэтай старонкі"><span>Нязменная спасылка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=info" title="Больш звестак пра гэту старонку"><span>Звесткі пра старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CiteThisPage&page=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&id=4790904&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Інфармацыя пра тое, як цытаваць гэтую старонку"><span>Цытаваць гэту старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25AE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BB%25D1%258D"><span>Атрымаць скарочаны URL-адрас</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25AE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BB%25D1%258D"><span>Спампаваць QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Друк/экспарт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D"><span>Стварыць кнігу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=show-download-screen"><span>Спампаваць як PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&printable=yes" title="Друкавальная версія гэтай старонкі [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Для друку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> У іншых праектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96" hreflang="en"><span>Вікісховішча</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9965" title="Спасылка на звязаны элемент рэпазітара даных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Элемент Вікіданых</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Выгляд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">З Вікіпедыі, свабоднай энцыклапедыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be" dir="ltr"><div data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$E1A98C09-25B2-4537-B646-D37D7A60DCAA" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P39"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3769783">.mw-parser-output .ts-wikidata-positions-uppercasefirst a,.mw-parser-output .ts-wikidata-positions-uppercasefirst span.iw{display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .ts-wikidata-positions-uppercasefirst a::first-letter,.mw-parser-output .ts-wikidata-positions-uppercasefirst span.iw::first-letter{text-transform:capitalize}</style> </div><table class="infobox infobox-692328537e6edc21" style="" data-name="Дзяржаўны дзеяч"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-above" style="background:#eaecf0;">Юнлэ</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$bafc332c-4954-f2af-ae8e-4e8e6ce625ba" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P1559[LANGUAGE!:BE][LANGUAGE!:BE-X-OLD]"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кітайская мова">кіт.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic;" lang="zh">朱棣</span></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style=""> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$C6E0CADE-F2D7-44A6-981A-A55A7A310278" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P18"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97.jpg/305px-%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97.jpg" decoding="async" width="305" height="385" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="520" /></a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="nomobile plainlist" style="text-align:center;"> <div data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$0C526887-9E8E-4726-A66D-B66DA999C249" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P39"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3769783"> </div></td></tr><tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><table style="border-collapse:collapse; display:table; table-layout:fixed; margin:0; padding:0; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral, #eaecf0); color:inherit;"><th style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" colspan="3"> <span class="ts-wikidata-positions-uppercasefirst"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96+%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">кітайскі імператар</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q268218" class="extiw" title="d:Q268218">[d]</a></sup></span></span> (<span data-wikidata-hash="bac97273f18a8ce6d2b1cb103d25ea315e03757a" class="wikidata-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Імперыя Мін">імперыя Мін</a></span>) </th> </tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span data-wikidata-hash="d49b9221b66200a03d0535a975ace52513a18658" class="wikidata-snak"><span class="nowrap">ліпень 1402</span></span></span> — <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span data-wikidata-hash="0e812006da22f21c72a3e016e1240d55969035a9" class="wikidata-snak"><span class="nowrap">12 жніўня 1424</span></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr> <tr> <th>Папярэднік</th> <td class="plainlist"><span data-wikidata-hash="ffd46f59c6e31f6481e1fe010b221d3795ac5781" class="wikidata-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jianwen+Emperor&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Jianwen Emperor</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9961" class="extiw" title="d:Q9961">[d]</a></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th>Пераемнік</th> <td class="plainlist"><span data-wikidata-hash="f3147330031233157bb40375fa10e216bfe745ae" class="wikidata-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hongxi+Emperor&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Hongxi Emperor</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9972" class="extiw" title="d:Q9972">[d]</a></sup></span></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><table style="border-collapse:collapse; display:table; table-layout:fixed; margin:0; padding:0; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral, #eaecf0); color:inherit;"><th style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" colspan="3"> <span class="ts-wikidata-positions-uppercasefirst"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%86" title="Прынц">прынц</a></span></span> (<span data-wikidata-hash="a16b56d3a711f4bd97bd126330408278d9e1ec7b" class="wikidata-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yan&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Yan</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108505331" class="extiw" title="d:Q108505331">[d]</a></sup></span>) </th> </tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span data-wikidata-hash="f99141ea2668c6bdb3d424fc39b256822369358b" class="wikidata-snak"><span class="nowrap">1370</span></span></span> — <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span data-wikidata-hash="c623da4b1cd2a2a7c8bc7e50c7fcf99dddc668f5" class="wikidata-snak"><span class="nowrap">ліпень 1402</span></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="nomobile plainlist" style="text-align:center;"> <hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Нараджэнне</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q9965$62BDE2E1-8D5B-486E-983C-F9FEBCFC3058" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P569"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="2 мая">2 мая</a> <a href="/wiki/1360" title="1360">1360</a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-_11a95d1eb8eb1791_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_11a95d1eb8eb1791-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_c8d67ae15f57d480_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_c8d67ae15f57d480-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9965#P569" class="extiw" title="d:Q9965">[…]</a></sup></span><br /><ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q9965$4D241C8B-0B7F-4733-94C0-3A8C96FF181D" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P19"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Нанкін">Нанкін</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yingtian+Fu&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Yingtian Fu</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912502" class="extiw" title="d:Q15912502">[d]</a></sup></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%96&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Наньчжылі</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10908774" class="extiw" title="d:Q10908774">[d]</a></sup></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Імперыя Мін">імперыя Мін</a></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Смерць</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q9965$4BC283CE-114F-41F3-99A9-2F12762B6674" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P570"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/12_%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="12 жніўня">12 жніўня</a> <a href="/wiki/1424" title="1424">1424</a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-_bac182205810aa50_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_bac182205810aa50-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span style="white-space:nowrap;">(64 гады)</span></span> ці <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$ea7977d0-4129-a5dc-cf77-4d47f0bb8ca6" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P570"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/5_%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="5 жніўня">5 жніўня</a> <a href="/wiki/1424" title="1424">1424</a></span><span style="display:none">(<span class="dday">1424-08-05</span>)</span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;">(64 гады)</span></span><br /><ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q9965$300A4CDE-9153-4EEA-A546-400C3F41CF14" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P20"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Унутраная Манголія">Унутраная Манголія</a></span>, <span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Кітай">Кітай</a></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Месца пахавання</th> <td class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$00015493-4892-8350-721c-d428389401f6" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P119"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Changling+Mausoleum+%28Ming+dynasty%29&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Changling Mausoleum (Ming dynasty)</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11088234" class="extiw" title="d:Q11088234">[d]</a></sup></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Род</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$4ABBA0EC-3E74-4F9E-B7BC-8162BE138CB0" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P53"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="iw" data-title="дынастыя Мін">дынастыя Мін<sup class="plainlinks noprint"><a class="external text" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5185064?uselang=be">[d]</a></sup></span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Бацька</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q9965$BF8D5FF5-741B-4440-9561-64B029C43533" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P22"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юаньчжан">Чжу Юаньчжан</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-_11a95d1eb8eb1791_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_11a95d1eb8eb1791-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_f143b73e75f569f3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_f143b73e75f569f3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Маці</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$d23ad78c-419f-64c3-80a7-06803343770b" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P25"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empress+Ma&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Empress Ma</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068941" class="extiw" title="d:Q1068941">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_11a95d1eb8eb1791_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_11a95d1eb8eb1791-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Жонка</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q9965$341101AA-FC8F-493B-9816-F6F7D508F0C4" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P26"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empress+Xu&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Empress Xu</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135688" class="extiw" title="d:Q1135688">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_9d770692c948fdb9_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_9d770692c948fdb9-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_f143b73e75f569f3_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_f143b73e75f569f3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$c9f4fa3e-4508-c6d6-0431-b370e25df359" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P26"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Noble+Consort+Zhaoxian&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Noble Consort Zhaoxian</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8250863" class="extiw" title="d:Q8250863">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$ce40c49e-4da4-59f4-e58b-1e5713969323" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P26"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consort+Gwon&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Consort Gwon</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8250435" class="extiw" title="d:Q8250435">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$bf40bf1b-45d9-ee5b-eede-ebe1238767e2" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P26"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consort+Yu+%28Yongle%29&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Consort Yu (Yongle)</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30944909" class="extiw" title="d:Q30944909">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$c019b060-4a47-bdff-8f8f-49e8c748607e" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P26"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17362670" class="extiw" title="d:Q17362670">Q17362670</a><span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help; white-space: nowrap" title="У Вікіданых няма беларускага подпісу да элемента. Вы можаце дапамагчы, пазначыўшы беларускі варыянт подпісу.">?</span></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$b7917628-4f22-ef72-3172-d2395170637f" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P26"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8250397" class="extiw" title="d:Q8250397">Q8250397</a><span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help; white-space: nowrap" title="У Вікіданых няма беларускага подпісу да элемента. Вы можаце дапамагчы, пазначыўшы беларускі варыянт подпісу.">?</span></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$b9826fbd-4a35-4a78-feb9-8ab724c6d32e" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P26"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8250360" class="extiw" title="d:Q8250360">Q8250360</a><span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help; white-space: nowrap" title="У Вікіданых няма беларускага подпісу да элемента. Вы можаце дапамагчы, пазначыўшы беларускі варыянт подпісу.">?</span></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$f13cfe26-46ea-0d3c-1045-7a1c5442240f" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P26"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consort+Han+%28Yongle%29&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Consort Han (Yongle)</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8250391" class="extiw" title="d:Q8250391">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$748f4959-41f5-f032-2285-b23edacde968" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P26"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19854647" class="extiw" title="d:Q19854647">Q19854647</a><span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help; white-space: nowrap" title="У Вікіданых няма беларускага подпісу да элемента. Вы можаце дапамагчы, пазначыўшы беларускі варыянт подпісу.">?</span></span></span> і <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$7f4eb8e5-4c16-f863-3b9a-f7787d73c01c" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P26"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consort+Ren+Shunfei&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Consort Ren Shunfei</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7317573" class="extiw" title="d:Q7317573">[d]</a></sup></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Дзеці</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q9965$B5103C80-27BE-4797-ADB2-EF931729D155" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P40"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hongxi+Emperor&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Hongxi Emperor</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9972" class="extiw" title="d:Q9972">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_a16259be479f8964_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_a16259be479f8964-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_f143b73e75f569f3_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_f143b73e75f569f3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q9965$FA82F264-EF7B-48FB-BB33-6265D5E4EF4E" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P40"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhu+Gaoxu&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Zhu Gaoxu</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1044371" class="extiw" title="d:Q1044371">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_a16259be479f8964_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_a16259be479f8964-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q9965$AAD18975-9C8F-45C9-8686-1CA08C39D10B" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P40"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhu+Gaosui&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Zhu Gaosui</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3494297" class="extiw" title="d:Q3494297">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_b41c0772b3c77093_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_b41c0772b3c77093-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$83d9ba23-461e-f072-8941-9d2149240adc" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P40"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhu+Gaoxi&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Zhu Gaoxi</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11094961" class="extiw" title="d:Q11094961">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_eabf5370b2e242aa_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_eabf5370b2e242aa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$5938c164-4587-e039-175b-28541a0e860f" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P40"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Princess+Yong%27an&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Princess Yong'an</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11131595" class="extiw" title="d:Q11131595">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$18e83924-4aac-6e22-b580-f07955c7cb6c" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P40"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Princess+Yongping&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Princess Yongping</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11131923" class="extiw" title="d:Q11131923">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$0f191387-4ecc-5248-dd37-b3ae7aeb179e" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P40"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Princess+Ancheng&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Princess Ancheng</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10946850" class="extiw" title="d:Q10946850">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$9e68315a-4850-5b5e-47d1-d17a4f71836f" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P40"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Princess+Xianning&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Princess Xianning</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10921761" class="extiw" title="d:Q10921761">[d]</a></sup></span></span> і <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$8de51f9b-4ba0-c3c6-9eec-c85184138b82" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P40"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Princess+Changning&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Princess Changning</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11060307" class="extiw" title="d:Q11060307">[d]</a></sup></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Веравызнанне</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$7345CAE6-FF21-4084-9E43-E73F3E1408CF" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P140"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Канфуцыянства">канфуцыянства</a></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Званне</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q9965$009f0f02-1317-4995-9831-733ada5d5e33" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P410"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Адмірал">адмірал</a></span></span></td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background:#eaecf0;;"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q9965$831D29D2-07A6-4EE2-97BF-878833353C86" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P373"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Yongle_Emperor" title="commons:Category:Yongle Emperor"><img alt="Лагатып Вікісховішча" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Yongle_Emperor" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Yongle Emperor">Медыяфайлы на Вікісховішчы</a></span></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Юнлэ</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кітайская мова">кіт.</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C#Поўныя_і_спрошчаныя_іерогліфы" class="mw-redirect" title="Кітайская пісьменнасць">трад.</a> <span lang="zh" style="font-size: 110%">永樂</span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Спрошчаная кітайская">спр.</a> <span lang="zh" style="font-size: 110%">永乐</span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Піньінь">піньінь</a> <i lang="zh-Latn-pinyin">Yǒng lè</i>, літаральна: «Вечнае шчасце») — дэвіз праўлення трэцяга імператара <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Імперыя Мін">дынастыі Мін</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Кітай">у Кітаі</a> <b>Чжу Дзі</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кітайская мова">кіт.</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Спрошчаная кітайская">спр.</a> <span lang="zh" style="font-size: 110%">朱棣</span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Піньінь">піньінь</a> <i lang="zh-Latn-pinyin">Zhū Dì</i>; <a href="/wiki/2_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="2 мая">2 мая</a> <a href="/wiki/1360" title="1360">1360</a> — <a href="/wiki/12_%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="12 жніўня">12 жніўня</a> <a href="/wiki/1424" title="1424">1424</a>) з <a href="/wiki/17_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="17 ліпеня">17 ліпеня</a> <a href="/wiki/1402" title="1402">1402</a> да яго смерці ў <a href="/wiki/1424" title="1424">1424</a> годзе. Чжу Дзі называюць другім заснавальнікам дынастыі. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Храмавае імя (няма такой старонкі)">Храмавае імя</a> — <b>Чэн-цзу</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кітайская мова">кіт.</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Спрошчаная кітайская">спр.</a> <span lang="zh" style="font-size: 110%">成祖</span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Піньінь">піньінь</a> <i lang="zh-Latn-pinyin">Chéngzǔ</i>), пасмяротнае імя — <b>Вэнь-хуандзі</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кітайская мова">кіт.</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Спрошчаная кітайская">спр.</a> <span lang="zh" style="font-size: 110%">文皇帝</span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Піньінь">піньінь</a> <i lang="zh-Latn-pinyin">Wén huángdì</i>, літаральна «культурны імператар»). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Раннія_гады_і_заняцце_трона"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.96.D1.8F_.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.B4.D1.8B_.D1.96_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.8F.D1.86.D1.86.D0.B5_.D1.82.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B0"></span>Раннія гады і заняцце трона</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Правіць раздзел: Раннія гады і заняцце трона" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Раннія гады і заняцце трона"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Ming-Emperor3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Ming-Emperor3.jpg/250px-Ming-Emperor3.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Ming-Emperor3.jpg/375px-Ming-Emperor3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Ming-Emperor3.jpg/500px-Ming-Emperor3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="534" /></a><figcaption>Імператар Юнлэ глядзіць, як <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%85%D1%96_%D1%9E_%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Еўнухі ў Кітаі (няма такой старонкі)">еўнухі</a> гуляюць у мяч (гульню <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B7%D1%8E%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цуцзюй (няма такой старонкі)">цуцзюй</a>, падобную на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Футбол">футбол</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Чжу Дзі</b> з’яўляецца сярэднім сынам імператара <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юаньчжан">Чжу Юаньчжана</a>, які кіраваў пад дэвізам «Хун’у». Ён атрымаў добрую адукацыю і тытул Янь-вана (燕王), гэта значыць «Уладара янь» (яго надзел знаходзіўся на землях, на якіх у старажытныя часы размяшчалася <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D0%BD%D1%8C_(%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Янь (царства) (няма такой старонкі)">царства Янь</a>). Ён жыў у <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Пекін">Пекіне</a> і ўзначальваў войска супраць манголаў. Сумесна са сваім цесцем, генералам <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%B9_%D0%94%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="ru:Сюй Да"><span title="Сюй Да — версія артыкула «Сюй Да» на рускай мове">Сюй Да</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Сюй Да"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%B9_%D0%94%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сюй Да (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span>, ён дамогся вялікіх поспехаў у баях супраць манголаў і ў аднаўленні нармальнага жыцця Пекіна. Яго вельмі цаніў яго бацька-імператар <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юаньчжан">Чжу Юаньчжан</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Anonymous-Ming_Chengzu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Anonymous-Ming_Chengzu.jpg/250px-Anonymous-Ming_Chengzu.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="372" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Anonymous-Ming_Chengzu.jpg/375px-Anonymous-Ming_Chengzu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Anonymous-Ming_Chengzu.jpg/500px-Anonymous-Ming_Chengzu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1387" data-file-height="2063" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Тым часам спадчыннікам прастола быў прызначаны старэйшы сын імператара Чжу Цзінь, які аднак рана памёр — у <a href="/wiki/1392" title="1392">1392</a> годзе. </p><p>Імператар <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юаньчжан">Чжу Юаньчжан</a> памёр <a href="/wiki/24_%D1%87%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="24 чэрвеня">24 чэрвеня</a> <a href="/wiki/1398" title="1398">1398</a> года і на пасад уступіў яго ўнук <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B7%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C" class="extiw" title="ru:Цзяньвэнь"><span title="Цзяньвэнь — версія артыкула «Цзяньвэнь» на рускай мове">Юньвэнь</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Цзяньвэнь"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B7%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цзяньвэнь (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> (кіраваў пад дэвізам «Цзяньвэнь»), сын памерлага Цзіня. Новы імператар паводзіў сябе варожа ў адносінах да сваіх дзядзек, і не дапусціў Чжу Дзі нават на пахаванне і на пакланенне магіле Чжу Юаньчжана. Ён стаў рыхтаваць новых генералаў, каб замяніць або ізаляваць Чжу Дзі. </p><p>Чжу Дзі стаў рыхтаваць мяцеж. Ён быў папулярны сярод генералаў, быў знаўцам ваеннага мастацтва і добра вывучыў класічны трактат <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%A6%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Сунь Цзы">Сунь Цзы</a>. Яго падтрымлівала насельніцтва, ён прыцягнуў на свой бок таксама мангольскія войскі. Супраць Чжу Дзі выступіў генерал <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D1%96_%D0%A6%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лі Цзінлун (няма такой старонкі)">Лі Цзінлун</a>, але пацярпеў некалькі паражэнняў. <a href="/wiki/15_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="15 студзеня">15 студзеня</a> <a href="/wiki/1402" title="1402">1402</a> Чжу Дзі вырашыў пачаць паход на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Нанкін">Нанкін</a>, калі яго войска падышло да горада, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D1%96_%D0%A6%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лі Цзінлун (няма такой старонкі)">Лі Цзінлун</a> у страху адкрыў гарадскія вароты, пачалася паніка, Імператарскі палац загарэўся, і <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B7%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C" class="extiw" title="ru:Цзяньвэнь"><span title="Цзяньвэнь — версія артыкула «Цзяньвэнь» на рускай мове">Юньвэнь</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Цзяньвэнь"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B7%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цзяньвэнь (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> са сваёй жонкай, хутчэй за ўсё, загінулі ў агні. </p><p>Стаўшы імператарам, Чжу Дзі стаў у <a href="/wiki/1402" title="1402">1402</a> жорстка выразаць усіх прыхільнікаў Юньвэня, выкрэсліваючы адусюль яго імя, і змяняючы ў запісах гады кіравання «Цзяньвэнь» на працяг эры «<a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юаньчжан">Хун’у</a>», спрабуючы зняць сумневы ў законнасці свайго права на ўладу. Гісторык <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang_Xiaoru" class="extiw" title="en:Fang Xiaoru"><span title="Fang Xiaoru — версія артыкула «Фан Сяажу» на англійскай мове">Фан Сяажу</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="англійскай мовай">(англ.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="en" data-interwiki-article="Fang Xiaoru"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D1%8F%D0%B0%D0%B6%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фан Сяажу (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> быў пакараны, а род яго «выразаны ў дзесяці пакаленнях» за адмову напісаць прадстаўленне да <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Інаўгурацыя (няма такой старонкі)">інаўгурацыі</a>. У склад дзясятага пакалення ўваходзілі таксама яго вучні і настаўнікі. Перад смерцю Фан Сяажу напісаў сваёй крывёю іерогліф «篡», які азначае «ўзурпатар». </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Легенда_аб_паходжанні"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.B5.D0.B3.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B4.D0.B0_.D0.B0.D0.B1_.D0.BF.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B6.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.96"></span>Легенда аб паходжанні</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Правіць раздзел: Легенда аб паходжанні" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=2" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Легенда аб паходжанні"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Існуе версія, зафіксаваная ў некаторых старадаўніх пісьмовых крыніцах, а таксама ў вуснай перадачы, згодна з якой сапраўдным бацькам Юнлэ быў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD-%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80" title="Тагон-Тэмур">Ухагату-хаган</a><sup id="cite_ref-:12_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. У пэўнай ступені, гэтая легенда пацвярджаецца паведамленнямі з «<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%87%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алтан Тобчы (няма такой старонкі)">Алтан Тобчы</a>», у якіх гаворыцца пра факт цяжарнасці маці Юнлэ, якая паходзіла з племя <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Канграты (няма такой старонкі)">хонгірат</a>, яшчэ да яе замужжа з <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юаньчжан">Чжу Юаньчжанам</a>, а таксама аб падтрымцы Юнлэ мангольскага племені <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Узоны (няма такой старонкі)">уджыэт</a><sup id="cite_ref-:132_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:132-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Характарыстыка_праўлення"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.81.D1.82.D1.8B.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.9E.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.8F"></span>Характарыстыка праўлення</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Правіць раздзел: Характарыстыка праўлення" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=3" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Характарыстыка праўлення"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Ming-Expeditions.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ming-Expeditions.svg/250px-Ming-Expeditions.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ming-Expeditions.svg/375px-Ming-Expeditions.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ming-Expeditions.svg/500px-Ming-Expeditions.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="837" /></a><figcaption>Некаторыя дыпламатычныя і ваенна-дыпламатычныя экспедыцыі эры Юнлэ:<br />сіні — Ішыха, <br />чорны — Чжэн Хэ, <br />зялёны — Чэнь Чэн.</figcaption></figure> <p>Нягледзячы на ўзурпацыю трона і жорсткі тэрор у самым пачатку праўлення, у цэлым гісторыкі разглядаюць перыяд праўлення «Юнлэ» як бліскучы. </p><p>Імператар стараўся прытрымлівацца традыцыйных канфуцыянскіх нормаў і рытуалаў, пры гэтым заахвочваў таксама будыйскія абрады і святы, імкнучыся змякчыць настроі насельніцтва і супакоіць бунты. Ён ліквідаваў супярэчнасці паміж асобнымі плямёнамі і народамі і ўвёў рацыянальную сістэму кіравання, перагледзеўшы межы правінцый і адміністрацыйную структуру імперыі. </p><p>Каб супакоіць навукоўцаў, ён стаў набіраць новых дарадцаў сярод лепшых спецыялістаў, старанна правяраючы здольнасці і кваліфікацыю, стаў заахвочваць навуку і адукацыю. Імператар Юнлэ загадаў напісаць велізарную энцыклапедыю, якая ўвайшла ў гісторыю пад назвай «<a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Энцыклапедыя Юнлэ">Энцыклапедыя Юнлэ</a>» і на працягу 600 гадоў была найбуйнейшай энцыклапедыяй у сусветнай гісторыі. Толькі ў XXI стагоддзі яе рэкорд пабіла <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Англійская Вікіпедыя">Англійская Вікіпедыя</a>. У «Энцыклапедыі Юнлэ» было больш за паўмільёна старонак, да нашых дзён захаваліся толькі 4 % іх. </p><p>Імператар сур’ёзна заняўся аднаўленнем эканомікі пасля вайны за звяржэнне <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B7%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цзяньвэнь (няма такой старонкі)">Юньвэня</a>. Ён стаў жорстка змагацца супраць карупцыі і таемных таварыстваў і разбойнікаў, а таксама прыхільнікаў Юньвэня, прыцягваючы да сябе новае пакаленне чыноўнікаў і афіцэраў. Ён прыняў меры па павелічэнні вытворчасці прадуктаў харчавання і тканін, распрацаваў зямлі ў дэльце <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Янцзы">Янцзы</a>, прачысціў рэчышча і зноўку перабудаваў <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Вялікі канал Кітая">Вялікі кітайскі канал</a>, пашырыўшы суднаходства і ірыгацыйную сетку. Гэта прывяло да развіцця гандлю і ўнутранага суднаходства. Адкрыццё рэканструяванага Вялікага канала ў 1415 годзе прывяло да спынення шырокамаштабнага <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6" title="Кабатаж">кабатажнага</a> марскога суднаходства паміж <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B7%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дэльта Янцзы (няма такой старонкі)">дэльтай Янцзы</a> і поўначчу краіны (галоўным чынам, пастаўкі збожжа для забеспячэння Пекіна і войскаў), паколькі ўнутраны водны шлях лічыўся больш бяспечным<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Гэта ў сваю чаргу выклікала заняпад у справе будаўніцтва марскіх судоў<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Чжу Дзі ператварыў <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Пекін">Пекін</a> у сталіцу, дзе ён пачаў і завяршыў будаўніцтва <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Забаронены горад">Забароненага горада</a>. У выніку Пекін стаў галоўным горадам Кітая на наступныя 500 гадоў. </p><p>Параўнальны па маштабе з Забароненым горадам будаўнічы праект разгарнуўся ў правінцыі <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%B9" title="Хубэй">Хубэй</a>, дзе сіламі некалькіх соцень тысяч салдат і рабочых быў узведзены комплекс манастыроў і даоскіх храмаў на гары <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Уданшань">Уданшань</a>. Мэтай будаўніцтва быў клопат аб народных масах і набыццё папулярнасці сярод народа, асабліва пасля звяржэння свайго пляменніка і жорсткіх мер супраць таемных таварыстваў. </p><p>Пры Чжу Дзі квітнела <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Канфуцыянства">канфуцыянства</a> і навукі. Ён даручыў Дзяржаўнаму сакратару <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83_%D0%A6%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Су Цзін (няма такой старонкі)">Су Цзіну</a> скласці кароткія анатацыі па ўсіх кнігах і тэмах, праз 17 месяцаў з’явілася першае выданне, а ў <a href="/wiki/1557" title="1557">1557</a> — наступнае выданне «<a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Энцыклапедыя Юнлэ">Энцыклапедыі гадоў кіравання пад дэвізам Юнлэ</a>», у якой былі асветлены ўсе дасягненні чалавецтва, вядомыя ў Кітаі на гэты час. Да праекта была прыцягнута тысяча навукоўцаў, энцыклапедыя налічвала каля 23 000 скруткаў, якія падзяляліся на 11 тысяч тамоў і асвятлялі 8000 артыкулаў. Да цяперашняга часу дайшло каля 400 тамоў, астатнія не захаваліся. </p><p>Чжу Дзі талерантна ставіўся да чужых ідэй, ён падтрымліваў і <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даасізм">даасізм</a>, і <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Канфуцыянства">канфуцыянства</a>, і <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Будызм">будызм</a>, стараўся аднавіць кітайскую традыцыю і здушыць мангольскі ўплыў у культуры, што застаўся з часоў дынастыі <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_(%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F)" title="Юань (імперыя)">Юань</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Знешняя_палітыка"><span id=".D0.97.D0.BD.D0.B5.D1.88.D0.BD.D1.8F.D1.8F_.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.96.D1.82.D1.8B.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Знешняя палітыка</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Правіць раздзел: Знешняя палітыка" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=4" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Знешняя палітыка"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg/250px-Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg/375px-Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg/500px-Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1577" data-file-height="2339" /></a><figcaption>Мінская імперыя ў эпоху «Юнлэ»</figcaption></figure> <p>Ваенную і дыпламатычную палітыку імператара Юнлэ ў адносінах да суседніх народаў і дзяржаў можна ахарактарызаваць як накіраваную на зацвярджэнне ўплыву «Сярэдзіннай дзяржавы» — гэта значыць кітайскай Мінскай імперыі — ва ўсіх чатырох краінах свету<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Траціна стагоддзя (1402—1435), на працягу якіх на Мінскім троне былі імператары Чжу Дзі (Юнлэ) і яго ўнук <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%8D" class="extiw" title="ru:Сюаньдэ"><span title="Сюаньдэ — версія артыкула «Сюаньдэ» на рускай мове">Чжу Чжаньцзі</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Сюаньдэ"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сюаньдэ (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> (Сюаньдэ), былі ў многіх адносінах вельмі незвычайным перыядам амаль трохсотгадовай гісторыі дынастыі Мін. У параўнанні як са сваімі папярэднікамі, так і пераемнікамі, рэжым Чжу Дзі (і да нейкай ступені, Чжу Чжаньцзі) адрозніваўся энергічнай (і дарагой) ваеннай і дыпламатычнай дзейнасцю, накіраванай на ўзмацненне ўплыву Мінскай імперыі за межамі так званага «<a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Унутраны Кітай">Унутранага Кітая</a>», гэта значыць зямлі паміж <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Вялікая Кітайская сцяна">Вялікай сцяной</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%E2%80%99%D0%B5" title="Тыбецкае нагор’е">Тыбецкім нагор’ем</a>, і морамі <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%96%D1%85%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD" title="Ціхі акіян">Ціхага акіяна</a>, традыцыйна населенай кітайцамі. За дваццаць з невялікім гадоў царства Чжу Дзі яго высокапастаўленыя пасланцы, многія з якіх былі <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%85%D1%96_%D1%9E_%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Еўнухі ў Кітаі (няма такой старонкі)">еўнухамі</a>, наведалі практычна ўсіх блізкіх і далёкіх суседзяў мінскага Кітая, імкнучыся забяспечыць хаця б фармальнае, а часам і рэальнае прызнанне імі кітайскага імператара як свайго гаспадара<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>З пункту гледжання гісторыкаў, сярод матываў гэтых аперацый было жаданне Чжу Дзі атрымаць міжнароднае прызнанне Мінскай дынастыі, якая прыйшла на змену мангольскай дынастыі Юань, як новай кіруючай дынастыі «Сярэдзіннай дзяржавы», на якую, па традыцыйных кітайскіх канонах, усе астатнія, ускраінныя, народы і царства павінны глядзець як на цэнтр цывілізацыі. </p><p>Немалаважным было і зацвярджэнне законнасці яго ўласнага знаходжання на Мінскім троне, узурпаваным ім у пляменніка Чжу Юньвэня. Гэты фактар, магчыма, яшчэ больш узмацніўся хаджэннем чутак, што Чжу Юньвэнь зусім не загінуў пры пажары Нанкінскім імператарскага палаца (знойдзенае пасля захопу сталіцы цела цяжка было апазнаць), а змог бегчы, і хаваецца дзесьці ў Кітаі ці за яго межамі. Афіцыйная «Гісторыя мін» (складзеная амаль праз 300 гадоў) сцвярджае, што вышук зніклага імператара быў адной з мэтаў нават для экспедыцый Чжэн Хэ<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Bixi_of_the_Sultan_of_Brunei_-_pavilion_-_P1060743.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Bixi_of_the_Sultan_of_Brunei_-_pavilion_-_P1060743.JPG/220px-Bixi_of_the_Sultan_of_Brunei_-_pavilion_-_P1060743.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Bixi_of_the_Sultan_of_Brunei_-_pavilion_-_P1060743.JPG/330px-Bixi_of_the_Sultan_of_Brunei_-_pavilion_-_P1060743.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Bixi_of_the_Sultan_of_Brunei_-_pavilion_-_P1060743.JPG/440px-Bixi_of_the_Sultan_of_Brunei_-_pavilion_-_P1060743.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%96%D1%81%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бісі (няма такой старонкі)">Мемарыяльная чарапаха</a> у гонар <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Бруней">брунейскага</a> султана <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B4_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Абдул Маджыд Хасан (няма такой старонкі)">Абдул Маджыд Хасана</a>, памерлага ў 1408 годзе ў Нанкіне падчас візіту да двара імператара Юнлэ</figcaption></figure> <p>Як бы там ні было, з геаграфічнага пункту гледжання знешняя палітыка рэжыму Юнлэ было сапраўды ўсебаковай. На ўсходзе, шматлікія кітайскія і карэйскія амбасады перасякалі <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Жоўтае мора">Жоўтае мора</a>, пацвярджаючы васальную залежнасць Карэі ад Мінскай імперыі. Сярод даніны, пасыланай <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Часон (няма такой старонкі)">часонскімі</a> кіраўнікамі ў Кітай, былі золата і срэбра, коні і буйная рагатая жывёлу, а таксама сотні дзяўчат для гарэма Чжу Дзі<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. На захадзе пасланцы мінскага імператара наведвалі двор <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Тамерлан">Тамерлана</a> і яго пераемніка <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шахрух (няма такой старонкі)">Шахруха</a> ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Самарканд">Самаркандзе</a>, а пазней і ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Герат (горад)">Гераце</a>. (Дзяржава <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%A6%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Імперыя Цімурыдаў">Цімурыдаў</a> была, бадай, адзінай, з кім мінскім імператарам даводзілася мець зносіны на роўных, а не як з васалам)<sup id="cite_ref-lev124_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lev124-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>На поўначы, імператарам Юнлэ было праведзена пяць кампаній за падпарадкаванне манголаў, і арганізоўваўся менавы гандаль з «мірнымі» манголамі<sup id="cite_ref-lev124_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lev124-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; на поўдні, у 1406 годзе пачалося ўварванне ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B" title="В’еты">в’ецкую</a> дзяржавуа <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дайнгу (няма такой старонкі)">Дайнгу</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Басейн_Амура"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D0.90.D0.BC.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Басейн Амура</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Правіць раздзел: Басейн Амура" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=5" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Басейн Амура"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Dish,_China,_Ming_dynasty,_Yongle_(1403-1424),_porcelain_with_underglaze_blue_-_%C3%96stasiatiska_museet,_Stockholm_-_DSC09451.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Dish%2C_China%2C_Ming_dynasty%2C_Yongle_%281403-1424%29%2C_porcelain_with_underglaze_blue_-_%C3%96stasiatiska_museet%2C_Stockholm_-_DSC09451.JPG/250px-Dish%2C_China%2C_Ming_dynasty%2C_Yongle_%281403-1424%29%2C_porcelain_with_underglaze_blue_-_%C3%96stasiatiska_museet%2C_Stockholm_-_DSC09451.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Dish%2C_China%2C_Ming_dynasty%2C_Yongle_%281403-1424%29%2C_porcelain_with_underglaze_blue_-_%C3%96stasiatiska_museet%2C_Stockholm_-_DSC09451.JPG/375px-Dish%2C_China%2C_Ming_dynasty%2C_Yongle_%281403-1424%29%2C_porcelain_with_underglaze_blue_-_%C3%96stasiatiska_museet%2C_Stockholm_-_DSC09451.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Dish%2C_China%2C_Ming_dynasty%2C_Yongle_%281403-1424%29%2C_porcelain_with_underglaze_blue_-_%C3%96stasiatiska_museet%2C_Stockholm_-_DSC09451.JPG/500px-Dish%2C_China%2C_Ming_dynasty%2C_Yongle_%281403-1424%29%2C_porcelain_with_underglaze_blue_-_%C3%96stasiatiska_museet%2C_Stockholm_-_DSC09451.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2890" /></a><figcaption>Фарфоравая талерка, эпоха Юнлэ (1402—1424). <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%96" title="Музей Усходняй Азіі">Музей Усходняй Азіі</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC" title="Стакгольм">Стакгольм</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>На паўночным усходзе вяліся кампаніі за падпарадкаванне народаў Маньчжурыі, зборна вядомых як <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Чжурчжэні">чжурчжэняў</a>; у прыватнасці, флот <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%85%D1%96_%D1%9E_%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Еўнухі ў Кітаі (няма такой старонкі)">еўнуха-адмірала</a> <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="ru:Ишиха"><span title="Ишиха — версія артыкула «Ішыха» на рускай мове">Ішыхі</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Ишиха"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%86%D1%88%D1%8B%D1%85%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ішыха (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> некалькі разоў спускаўся па <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Сунгары">Сунгары</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80" title="Амур">Амуры</a>, дзе на <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D1%80" class="extiw" title="ru:Тыр"><span title="Тыр — версія артыкула «Тыр (Хабараўскі край)» на рускай мове">Тырскім</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Тыр"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8B%D1%80_(%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тыр (Хабараўскі край) (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> уцёсе быў узведзены будыйскі храм<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Тыбет"><span id=".D0.A2.D1.8B.D0.B1.D0.B5.D1.82"></span>Тыбет</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Правіць раздзел: Тыбет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=6" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Тыбет"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>На паўднёвым захадзе і ўсходзе, пасланцы Чжу Дзі (еўнух Хоу Сянь і будысцкі манах Чжыгуан) наведалі <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Тыбет">Тыбет</a> у 1405 годзе, і запрасілі тамтэйшага маладога <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="ru:Гьялва Кармапа"><span title="Гьялва Кармапа — версія артыкула «Г’ялва Кармапа» на рускай мове">кармапу</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Гьялва Кармапа"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%E2%80%99%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Г’ялва Кармапа (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span>, <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BF%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="ru:Дешин Шекпа"><span title="Дешин Шекпа — версія артыкула «Дэшын Шэкла» на рускай мове">Дэшына Шэклу</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Дешин Шекпа"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8D%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дэшын Шэкла (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Нанкін">Нанкін</a>, дзе імператар аказаў яму пашану і павагу. Добры імператар нават падрыхтаваў войскі, каб паслаць іх у Тыбет і пры іх дапамозе забяспечыць там панаванне <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8C%D1%8E" class="extiw" title="ru:Карма Кагью"><span title="Карма Кагью — версія артыкула «Карма Каг’ю» на рускай мове">кармапавай секты</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Карма Кагью"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B3%E2%80%99%D1%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Карма Каг’ю (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span>, але кармапа патлумачыў яму, што ў такой ваеннай «дапамозе» няма неабходнасці<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Манголы"><span id=".D0.9C.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B3.D0.BE.D0.BB.D1.8B"></span>Манголы</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Правіць раздзел: Манголы" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=7" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Манголы"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Чжу Дзі арганізаваў пяць паходаў супраць манголаў, ён паламаў цалкам рэшткі дынастыі <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_(%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F)" title="Юань (імперыя)">Юань</a> і стаў мець зносіны з асобнымі мангольскімі плямёнамі. Шляхам дыпламатычных намаганняў ён ставіў манголаў у васальную і эканамічную залежнасць ад Кітая. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Дайв’ет_і_Т’ямпа"><span id=".D0.94.D0.B0.D0.B9.D0.B2.E2.80.99.D0.B5.D1.82_.D1.96_.D0.A2.E2.80.99.D1.8F.D0.BC.D0.BF.D0.B0"></span>Дайв’ет і Т’ямпа</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Правіць раздзел: Дайв’ет і Т’ямпа" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=8" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Дайв’ет і Т’ямпа"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Рубеж XIV—XV стагоддзяў быў перыядам унутраных бязладзіц у <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B" title="В’еты">в’ецкай</a> дзяржаве <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дайв’ет (няма такой старонкі)">Дайв’ет</a>, якая займала паўночную частку сучаснага <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="В’етнам">В’етнама</a>, і вядомая ў заходняй літаратуры як «Анам». У адказ на скаргу прадстаўніка зрынутай там <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="ru:Династия Чан"><span title="Династия Чан — версія артыкула «Дынастыя Чан» на рускай мове">дынастыі Чан</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Династия Чан"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дынастыя Чан (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%96_%D0%9B%D1%96" title="Хо Куі Лі">Хо Куі Лі</a>, які захапіў уладу ў Дайв’еце і пераназваў Дайв’ет у «<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дайнгу (няма такой старонкі)">Дайнгу</a>», Чжу Дзі ў 1406 г, паслаў у <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дайнгу (няма такой старонкі)">Дайнгу</a> дэлегацыю з мэтай вярнуць чанскага прэтэндэнта на пасад. Пасля забойства в’етамі чанскага прэтэндэнта і кітайскай дэлегацыі, якая яго суправаджала, у Нанкін было прынята рашэнне аб уварванні ў <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дайнгу (няма такой старонкі)">Дайнгу</a>. Напрыканцы <a href="/wiki/1406" title="1406">1406</a> года 215-тысячнае кітайскае войска <span data-interwiki-lang="vi" data-interwiki-article="Chiến tranh Minh - Đại Ngu"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD_%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Уварванне Мін у Дайнгу (няма такой старонкі)"><span class="iw-nonexists">перайшло мяжу і да сярэдзіны наступнага года разбіла</span></a></span><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><sup><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFn_tranh_Minh_-_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_Ngu" class="extiw" title="vi:Chiến tranh Minh - Đại Ngu"><span title="Chiến tranh Minh - Đại Ngu — версія артыкула «Уварванне Мін у Дайнгу» на в’етнамскай мове">[vi]</span></a></sup></span> сілы Хо Куі Лі. У 1407 годзе Дайнгу <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%91%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2" class="extiw" title="ru:Четвёртое китайское завоевание государства вьетов"><span title="Четвёртое китайское завоевание государства вьетов — версія артыкула «Чацвёртае кітайскае заваяванне дзяржавы в’етаў» на рускай мове">быў далучаны да Імперыі Мін</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Четвёртое китайское завоевание государства вьетов"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B2%D1%91%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B2%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чацвёртае кітайскае заваяванне дзяржавы в’етаў (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> у якасці правінцыі <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8F%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Зяоти"><span title="Зяоти — версія артыкула «Зяаці» на рускай мове">Цзяачжы (Зяоці)</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Зяоти"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8F%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Зяаці (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Дзяржава <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Чамы">т’ямаў</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Чампа">Т’ямпа</a>, якая знаходзілася на поўдзень ад Дайнгу, традыцыйна варагаваць з Дайв’етам, было саюзнікам кітайцаў. </p><p>Імператар Юнлэ, аднак, не змог утрымаць свае заваёвы. У <a href="/wiki/1418" title="1418">1418</a> <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B9" class="extiw" title="ru:Ле Лой"><span title="Ле Лой — версія артыкула «Ле Лой» на рускай мове">Ле Лой</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Ле Лой"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ле Лой (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> падняў паўстанне і заснаваў пазней новую в’етнамскую <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9B%D0%B5" class="extiw" title="ru:Династия Ле"><span title="Династия Ле — версія артыкула «Дынастыя Ле» на рускай мове">дынастыю Ле</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Династия Ле"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9B%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дынастыя Ле (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span>. Ужо пасля смерці Чжу Дзі ў <a href="/wiki/1427" title="1427">1427</a> незалежнасць адноўленага Дайв’ета прызнаў яго ўнук, імператар <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сюаньдэ (няма такой старонкі)">Сюаньдэ</a> (Чжу Чжаньцзі)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Экспедыцыі_Чжэн_Хэ_ў_«Заходні_акіян»"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.BF.D0.B5.D0.B4.D1.8B.D1.86.D1.8B.D1.96_.D0.A7.D0.B6.D1.8D.D0.BD_.D0.A5.D1.8D_.D1.9E_.C2.AB.D0.97.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.BD.D1.96_.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.96.D1.8F.D0.BD.C2.BB"></span>Экспедыцыі Чжэн Хэ ў «Заходні акіян»</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Правіць раздзел: Экспедыцыі Чжэн Хэ ў «Заходні акіян»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=9" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Экспедыцыі Чжэн Хэ ў «Заходні акіян»"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Tribute_Giraffe_with_Attendant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Tribute_Giraffe_with_Attendant.jpg/250px-Tribute_Giraffe_with_Attendant.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="496" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Tribute_Giraffe_with_Attendant.jpg/375px-Tribute_Giraffe_with_Attendant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Tribute_Giraffe_with_Attendant.jpg/500px-Tribute_Giraffe_with_Attendant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2063" data-file-height="4096" /></a><figcaption>Афрыканская <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Жырафа">жырафа</a>, дастаўленая ў імператарскі <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Заалагічны парк">заапарк</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Эра Юнлэ характарызавалася актыўнай кітайскай дыпламатыяй у <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Паўднёва-Усходняя Азія">Паўднёва-Усходняй Азіі</a>. Нават на гэтым фоне вылучаецца шэраг <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D1%8D" class="extiw" title="ru:Путешествия Чжэн Хэ"><span title="Путешествия Чжэн Хэ — версія артыкула «Падарожжы Чжэн Хэ» на рускай мове">марскіх экспедыцый</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Путешествия Чжэн Хэ"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B6%D1%8B_%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D1%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Падарожжы Чжэн Хэ (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> у <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD" title="Індыйскі акіян">Індыйскі акіян</a>, якія ўзначаліў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D1%8D" title="Чжэн Хэ">Чжэн Хэ</a>. Да гэтага Кітай ужо арганізоўваў марскія падарожжы ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Аравійскі паўвостраў">Аравію</a> ў часы дынастыі <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Імперыя Тан">Тан</a> (<a href="/wiki/618" title="618">618</a>—<a href="/wiki/907" title="907">907</a>). </p><p>У <a href="/wiki/1405" title="1405">1405</a> годзе стартавала першая экспедыцыя, за 18 гадоў да партугальскіх геаграфічных адкрыццяў. У далейшым яшчэ шэсць экспедыцый адпраўляліся ў мора, дасягаючы <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Індыя">Індыі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%9E" title="Персідскі заліў">Персідскага заліва</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7" title="Армуз">Армуз</a>), <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Аравійскі паўвостраў">Аравіі</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Афрыка">Афрыкі</a>. Апошняя з іх была ажыццёўлена ўжо пры імператары <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сюаньдэ (няма такой старонкі)">Сюаньдэ</a>. Як далёка ўздоўж ўзбярэжжа Афрыкі даходзіў кітайскі флот, дакладна невядома, але даследчыкі адзінай <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="ru:Карта Мао Куня"><span title="Карта Мао Куня — версія артыкула «Карта Маа Куня» на рускай мове">карты</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Карта Мао Куня"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Карта Маа Куня (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> гэтых падарожжаў, якая дайшла да нас, выказвалі здагадкі, што кітайскія мараходы магчыма пабывалі не толькі ў <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Малинди"><span title="Малинди — версія артыкула «Маліндзі» на рускай мове">Маліндзі</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Малинди"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Маліндзі (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> (сучасная <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Кенія">Кенія</a>), але і ля берагоў сучасных <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Танзанія">Танзаніі</a> ці нават <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Мазамбік">Мазамбіка</a>. </p><p>Наступныя мінскія імператары і іх <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA)" class="extiw" title="ru:Мандарин (чиновник)"><span title="Мандарин (чиновник) — версія артыкула «Мандарын (чыноўнік)» на рускай мове">мандарыны</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Мандарин (чиновник)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_(%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мандарын (чыноўнік) (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> былі праціўнікамі марскіх плаванняў і прыпынілі дарагія далёкія плаванні; большая частка дэталёвай інфармацый аб экспедыцыях <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D1%8D" title="Чжэн Хэ">Чжэн Хэ</a> была страчана або знішчана. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Дзеці"><span id=".D0.94.D0.B7.D0.B5.D1.86.D1.96"></span>Дзеці</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Правіць раздзел: Дзеці" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=10" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Дзеці"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Другі кітайскі імператар Чжу Дзі (Юнлэ) меў чатырох сыноў і пяць дачок. Старэйшы сын Чжу Гаачы (1378—1425) стаў трэцім імператарам з дынастыі Мін (1424—1425). Другі сын Чжу Гаасюй (1380—1426) у 1404 стаў ханьскім князем (Хань-ванам) і атрымаў у валоданне ў 1415 г. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цінчжоу (няма такой старонкі)">Цінчжоу</a> (правінцыя <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Шаньдун">Шаньдун</a>). Трэці сын Чжу Гаасуй (1383—1431) у 1404 годзе стаў Чжаа-ванам і ў 1425 годзе атрымаў у валоданне <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чжандэ (няма такой старонкі)">Чжандэ</a> (правінцыя <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Хэнань">Хэнань</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Смерць"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.80.D1.86.D1.8C"></span>Смерць</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Правіць раздзел: Смерць" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=11" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Смерць"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/1_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="1 красавіка">1 красавіка</a> <a href="/wiki/1424" title="1424">1424</a> года Чжу Дзі пачаў сваю апошнюю ваенную кампанію ў пустыні <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96" title="Гобі">Гобі</a> для пераследу манголаў. Кампанія ні да чаго не прывяла. Перажываючы няўдачы, Чжу Дзі запаў у глыбокую дэпрэсію і перажыў некалькі <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82" title="Інсульт">інсультаў</a>. Ён памёр <a href="/wiki/8_%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="8 жніўня">8 жніўня</a> <a href="/wiki/1424" title="1424">1424</a> года і быў пахаваны ў грабніцы <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Мінскія магілы">Чанлін</a> (長陵) каля <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Пекін">Пекіна</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Юнлэ_ў_сучаснай_літаратуры"><span id=".D0.AE.D0.BD.D0.BB.D1.8D_.D1.9E_.D1.81.D1.83.D1.87.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.B9_.D0.BB.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D1.8B"></span>Юнлэ ў сучаснай літаратуры</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Правіць раздзел: Юнлэ ў сучаснай літаратуры" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=12" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Юнлэ ў сучаснай літаратуры"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Вобраз імператара Юнлэ выкарыстаны ў рамане <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Генри Лайон Олди"><span title="Генри Лайон Олди — версія артыкула «Генры Лаян Олдзі» на рускай мове">Г. Л. Олдзі</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Генри Лайон Олди"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Генры Лаян Олдзі (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span> «<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="ru:Мессия очищает диск"><span title="Мессия очищает диск — версія артыкула «Месія ачышчае дыск» на рускай мове">Месія ачышчае дыск</span></a><span class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:inline-block; font-size:80%; position:relative;"><span style="font-size:117.6%; margin-left:-0.23em; position:relative; top:0.28em;"> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></span><span class="link-be metadata" style="margin-left:-0.43em; position:absolute; left:0; z-index:1; margin-top:-0.35em;"><span style="visibility:hidden; margin-right:0.099em;"> (</span><span data-interwiki-lang="ru" data-interwiki-article="Мессия очищает диск"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Месія ачышчае дыск (няма такой старонкі)">бел.</a></span></span></span></span></span>». Транскрыпцыя яго імя ў рамане — Юн Лэ; сам вобраз моцна зменены.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Крыніцы"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.80.D1.8B.D0.BD.D1.96.D1.86.D1.8B"></span>Крыніцы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Правіць раздзел: Крыніцы" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=13" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Крыніцы"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-_11a95d1eb8eb1791-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-_11a95d1eb8eb1791_1-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-_11a95d1eb8eb1791_1-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-_11a95d1eb8eb1791_1-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q3331189" data-entity-id="Q17441125"><i class="wef_low_priority_links"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441118" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441118">Tsai S. H.</a></i> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441125" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441125">Perpetual Happiness: The Ming Emperor Yongle</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" class="extiw" title="en:University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>. — P. 20. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9780295981093" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-295-98109-3</a></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_c8d67ae15f57d480-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_c8d67ae15f57d480_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q615699" data-entity-id="Q5375741"><i class="wef_low_priority_links">Hucker C. O.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://global.britannica.com/biography/Yongle">Yongle</a> // <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Online" class="extiw" title="en:Encyclopædia Britannica Online">Encyclopædia Britannica</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span> <small>Праверана 9 кастрычніка 2017.</small></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q5375741">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q5375741</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_bac182205810aa50-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_bac182205810aa50_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q3331189" data-entity-id="Q17441125"><i class="wef_low_priority_links"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441118" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441118">Tsai S. H.</a></i> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441125" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441125">Perpetual Happiness: The Ming Emperor Yongle</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" class="extiw" title="en:University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>. — P. 3. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9780295981093" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-295-98109-3</a></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_f143b73e75f569f3-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-_f143b73e75f569f3_4-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-_f143b73e75f569f3_4-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-_f143b73e75f569f3_4-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q36570165 citetype_Q7094076" data-entity-id="Q13407958">China Biographical Database<span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q13407958">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q13407958</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_9d770692c948fdb9-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_9d770692c948fdb9_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q3331189" data-entity-id="Q17441125"><i class="wef_low_priority_links"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441118" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441118">Tsai S. H.</a></i> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441125" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441125">Perpetual Happiness: The Ming Emperor Yongle</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" class="extiw" title="en:University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>. — P. 28. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9780295981093" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-295-98109-3</a></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_a16259be479f8964-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-_a16259be479f8964_6-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-_a16259be479f8964_6-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q3331189" data-entity-id="Q17441125"><i class="wef_low_priority_links"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441118" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441118">Tsai S. H.</a></i> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441125" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441125">Perpetual Happiness: The Ming Emperor Yongle</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" class="extiw" title="en:University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>. — P. 30. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9780295981093" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-295-98109-3</a></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_b41c0772b3c77093-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_b41c0772b3c77093_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q3331189" data-entity-id="Q17441125"><i class="wef_low_priority_links"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441118" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441118">Tsai S. H.</a></i> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441125" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441125">Perpetual Happiness: The Ming Emperor Yongle</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" class="extiw" title="en:University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>. — P. 57–58. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9780295981093" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-295-98109-3</a></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_eabf5370b2e242aa-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_eabf5370b2e242aa_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q3331189" data-entity-id="Q17441125"><i class="wef_low_priority_links"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441118" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441118">Tsai S. H.</a></i> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17441125" class="extiw" title="d:Q17441125">Perpetual Happiness: The Ming Emperor Yongle</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" class="extiw" title="en:University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>. — P. 98. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9780295981093" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-295-98109-3</a></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441118</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3551360</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17441125</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:12_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Лубсан Данзан.</i> Алтан Тобчи. Золотое сказание. Перевод Н. П. Шастиной / Румянцев Г. Н. — Москва: Наука, 1973. — С. 378. — 440 с.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:132-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:132_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Лубсан Данзан.</i> Алтан Тобчи. Золотое сказание. Перевод Н. П. Шастиной / Румянцев Г. Н. — Москва: Наука, 1973. — С. 255—256. — 440 с.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDreyer2007">Dreyer 2007</a>; <a href="#CITEREFLevathes1994">Levathes 1994</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChurch2005">Church 2005</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLevathes1994">Levathes 1994</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeedham1971">Needham 1971</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Цытата з Гісторыі Мін: <a href="#CITEREFDreyer2007">Dreyer 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLevathes1994">Levathes 1994</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lev124-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-lev124_17-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lev124_17-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLevathes1994">Levathes 1994</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDreyer2007">Dreyer 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLevathes1994">Levathes 1994</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brown, Mick. (2004). <i>The Dance of 17 Lives: The Incredible True Story of Tibet’s 17th Karmapa</i>, pp. 33-34. Bloomsbury Publishing, New York and London. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/158234177X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-58234-177-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLevathes1994">Levathes 1994</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChanFairbank1988">Chan & Fairbank 1988</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChanFairbank1988">Chan & Fairbank 1988</a></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Літаратура"><span id=".D0.9B.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Літаратура</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Правіць раздзел: Літаратура" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D&action=edit&section=14" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Літаратура"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Кнігі</b>: </p> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4817788">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDreyer2007" class="citation cs2">Dreyer, Edward L. (2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/zhenghechinaocea0000drey"><i>Zheng He: China and the oceans in the early Ming dynasty, 1405-1433</i></a>, The library of world biography, Pearson Longman, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (ідэнтыфікатар)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/0321084438" title="Адмысловае:BookSources/0321084438"><bdi>0321084438</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zheng+He%3A+China+and+the+oceans+in+the+early+Ming+dynasty%2C+1405-1433&rft.series=The+library+of+world+biography&rft.pub=Pearson+Longman&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=0321084438&rft.aulast=Dreyer&rft.aufirst=Edward+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fzhenghechinaocea0000drey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4817788"><cite id="CITEREFLevathes1994" class="citation cs2">Levathes, Louise (1994), <i>When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne, 1405–1433</i>, Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (ідэнтыфікатар)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/0-19-511207-5" title="Адмысловае:BookSources/0-19-511207-5"><bdi>0-19-511207-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=When+China+Ruled+the+Seas%3A+The+Treasure+Fleet+of+the+Dragon+Throne%2C+1405%E2%80%931433&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-19-511207-5&rft.aulast=Levathes&rft.aufirst=Louise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4817788"><cite id="CITEREFTsai2002" class="citation cs2">Tsai, Shih-Shan Henry (2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.au/books?id=aU5hBMxNgWQC"><i>Perpetual Happiness: The Ming Emperor Yongle</i></a>, University of Washington Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (ідэнтыфікатар)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/0-295-98124-5" title="Адмысловае:BookSources/0-295-98124-5"><bdi>0-295-98124-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Perpetual+Happiness%3A+The+Ming+Emperor+Yongle&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-295-98124-5&rft.aulast=Tsai&rft.aufirst=Shih-Shan+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.au%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaU5hBMxNgWQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4817788"><cite id="CITEREFLangloisFairbank1988" class="citation cs2">Langlois, John D., Jr.; Fairbank, John King (1988), "Chapter 3: The Hung-wu reign", in Mote, Frederick W.; Twitchett, Denis (рэд-ры), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tyhT9SZRLS8C&pg=PA641"><i>The Cambridge history of China: The Ming dynasty, 1368-1644, Part 1</i></a>, Volume 7 of The Cambridge History of China, Cambridge University Press, pp. 107–181, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (ідэнтыфікатар)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/0521243327" title="Адмысловае:BookSources/0521243327"><bdi>0521243327</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+3%3A+The+Hung-wu+reign&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+history+of+China%3A+The+Ming+dynasty%2C+1368-1644%2C+Part+1&rft.series=Volume+7+of+The+Cambridge+History+of+China&rft.pages=107-181&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0521243327&rft.aulast=Langlois&rft.aufirst=John+D.%2C+Jr.&rft.au=Fairbank%2C+John+King&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtyhT9SZRLS8C%26pg%3DPA641&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Citation" title="Шаблон:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Не хапае <code class="cs1-code">|author2=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E_CS1/2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Вікіпедыя:Памылкі шаблонаў CS1/2 (няма такой старонкі)">даведка</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">Папярэджанні CS1: розныя назвы: authors list (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_CS1:_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%8B:_authors_list" title="Катэгорыя:Папярэджанні CS1: розныя назвы: authors list">спасылка</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4817788"><cite id="CITEREFChanFairbank1988" class="citation cs2">Chan, Hok-Lam; Fairbank, John King (1988), "Chapter 4: The Chien-wen, Yung-lo, Hung-hsi, and Hsüan-te reigns", in Mote, Frederick W.; Twitchett, Denis (рэд-ры), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tyhT9SZRLS8C&pg=PA641"><i>The Cambridge history of China: The Ming dynasty, 1368-1644, Part 1</i></a>, Volume 7 of The Cambridge History of China, Cambridge University Press, pp. 182–304, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (ідэнтыфікатар)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/0521243327" title="Адмысловае:BookSources/0521243327"><bdi>0521243327</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+4%3A+The+Chien-wen%2C+Yung-lo%2C+Hung-hsi%2C+and+Hs%C3%BCan-te+reigns&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+history+of+China%3A+The+Ming+dynasty%2C+1368-1644%2C+Part+1&rft.series=Volume+7+of+The+Cambridge+History+of+China&rft.pages=182-304&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0521243327&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Hok-Lam&rft.au=Fairbank%2C+John+King&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtyhT9SZRLS8C%26pg%3DPA641&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Citation" title="Шаблон:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Не хапае <code class="cs1-code">|author2=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E_CS1/2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Вікіпедыя:Памылкі шаблонаў CS1/2 (няма такой старонкі)">даведка</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4817788"><cite id="CITEREFNeedham1971" class="citation cs2">Needham, Joseph (1971), "29, "Nautical technology"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l6TVhvYLaEwC&pg=PA477"><i>Science and civilisation in China: Physics and physical technology</i></a>, vol. 4, Cambridge University Press, pp. 477–484, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (ідэнтыфікатар)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/0521070600" title="Адмысловае:BookSources/0521070600"><bdi>0521070600</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=29%2C+%22Nautical+technology%22&rft.btitle=Science+and+civilisation+in+China%3A+Physics+and+physical+technology&rft.pages=477-484&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=0521070600&rft.aulast=Needham&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl6TVhvYLaEwC%26pg%3DPA477&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><b>Газетныя і часопісныя артыкулы</b> </p> <ul><li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343" id="CITEREFЭСБЭ1890—1907"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мікалай Іванавіч Весялоўскі (няма такой старонкі)">Веселовский Н. И.</a>,.</i> <span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248"><a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%AE%D0%BD-%D0%BB%D0%BE" class="extiw" title="s:ru:ЭСБЕ/Юн-ло">Юн-ло</a></span> // <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%96_%D0%AD%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Энцыклапедычны слоўнік Бракгаўза і Эфрона">Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона</a>: В 86 томах (82 т. и 4 доп.) <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span>. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="Санкт-Пецярбург">СПб.</span>, 1890—1907.</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4817788"><cite id="CITEREFKahn2005" class="citation cs2">Kahn, Joseph (2005-07-20), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/20/international/asia/20letter.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all">"China Has an Ancient Mariner to Tell You About"</a>, <i>The New York Times</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=China+Has+an+Ancient+Mariner+to+Tell+You+About&rft.date=2005-07-20&rft.aulast=Kahn&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F07%2F20%2Finternational%2Fasia%2F20letter.html%3F_r%3D1%26pagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="англійскай мовай">(англ.)</span></li> <li>Динара Дубровская, «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vokrugsveta.ru/print/vs/article/6293/">Сокровищницы адмирала Чжэн Хэ</a><span class="ref-info" style="margin-left:0.2em">(недаступная спасылка)</span>». Журнал «Вокруг Света» / Август 2008.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4817788"><cite id="CITEREFChurch2005" class="citation cs2">Church, Sally K. (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110725161728/http://www.chengho.org/downloads/SallyChurch.pdf">"Zheng He : An investigation into the plausibility of 450-ft treasure ships"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Monumenta Serica</i>, <b>LIII</b>: 1–43, Архівавана з <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chengho.org/downloads/SallyChurch.pdf">арыгінала</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> 25 ліпеня 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">, Праверана 2 снежня 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monumenta+Serica&rft.atitle=Zheng+He+%3A+An+investigation+into+the+plausibility+of+450-ft+treasure+ships&rft.volume=LIII&rft.pages=1-43&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=Sally+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chengho.org%2Fdownloads%2FSallyChurch.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8D" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Генеалагічнае_дрэва_(дрэва_продкаў_і_нашчадкаў)" style="padding:3px;"> <table class="collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;table-layout: fixed;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" width="100%"><span style="float:left;text-align:left;width:5em;margin-right:0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Wikidata/Ancestors" title="Прагляд гэтага шаблона"><img alt="?" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/21px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 1.5x, 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class="Z"></td><td class="Q gen-4" colspan="5" rowspan="5"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhu_Sijiu&action=edit&preload=%D0%A8%3APreload%2F%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F&preloadparams%5B%5D=%7B%7B%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%7CQ11093742%7D%7D%0A%27%27%27Zhu+Sijiu%27%27%27+%E2%80%94+%0A%0A%3D%3D+%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96+%3D%3D%0A%7B%7B%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%7D%7D%0A%5B%5B%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C+%D0%B7+%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%7CQ11093742%5D%5D"><span style="color: #ba0000; text-decoration: inherit; -moz-text-decoration-color: #ba0000; text-decoration-color: #ba0000;">Zhu Sijiu</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11093742" class="extiw" title="d:Q11093742">[d]</a></sup></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="32" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="31" class="Z"></td><td class="line NE"><span class="E"></span><span class="S"></span></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="24" class="Z"></td><td class="Q gen-3" colspan="5" rowspan="5"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhu_Chuyi&action=edit&preload=%D0%A8%3APreload%2F%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F&preloadparams%5B%5D=%7B%7B%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%7CQ7313182%7D%7D%0A%27%27%27Zhu+Chuyi%27%27%27+%E2%80%94+%0A%0A%3D%3D+%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96+%3D%3D%0A%7B%7B%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%7D%7D%0A%5B%5B%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C+%D0%B7+%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%7CQ7313182%5D%5D"><span style="color: #ba0000; text-decoration: inherit; -moz-text-decoration-color: #ba0000; text-decoration-color: #ba0000;">Zhu Chuyi</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313182" class="extiw" title="d:Q7313182">[d]</a></sup></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="24" class="Z"></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="23" class="Z"></td><td class="line NE"><span class="E"></span><span class="S"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line ESW"><span class="S"></span><span class="W"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="5" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="16" class="Z"></td><td class="Q gen-2" colspan="5" rowspan="5"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhu_Shizhen&action=edit&preload=%D0%A8%3APreload%2F%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F&preloadparams%5B%5D=%7B%7B%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%7CQ6121440%7D%7D%0A%27%27%27Zhu+Shizhen%27%27%27+%E2%80%94+%0A%0A%3D%3D+%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96+%3D%3D%0A%7B%7B%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%7D%7D%0A%5B%5B%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C+%D0%B7+%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%7CQ6121440%5D%5D"><span style="color: #ba0000; text-decoration: inherit; -moz-text-decoration-color: #ba0000; text-decoration-color: #ba0000;">Zhu Shizhen</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6121440" class="extiw" title="d:Q6121440">[d]</a></sup></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td class="Q gen-4" colspan="5" rowspan="5"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empress_Heng&action=edit&preload=%D0%A8%3APreload%2F%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F&preloadparams%5B%5D=%7B%7B%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%7CQ8254505%7D%7D%0A%27%27%27Empress+Heng%27%27%27+%E2%80%94+%0A%0A%3D%3D+%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96+%3D%3D%0A%7B%7B%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%7D%7D%0A%5B%5B%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C+%D0%B7+%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%7CQ8254505%5D%5D"><span style="color: #ba0000; text-decoration: inherit; -moz-text-decoration-color: #ba0000; text-decoration-color: #ba0000;">Empress Heng</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8254505" class="extiw" title="d:Q8254505">[d]</a></sup></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="16" class="Z"></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="15" class="Z"></td><td class="line NE"><span class="E"></span><span class="S"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line ESW"><span class="S"></span><span class="W"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line NW"><span class="E"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="15" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td class="Q gen-3" colspan="5" rowspan="5"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empress_Yu&action=edit&preload=%D0%A8%3APreload%2F%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F&preloadparams%5B%5D=%7B%7B%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%7CQ7313265%7D%7D%0A%27%27%27Empress+Yu%27%27%27+%E2%80%94+%0A%0A%3D%3D+%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96+%3D%3D%0A%7B%7B%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%7D%7D%0A%5B%5B%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C+%D0%B7+%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%7CQ7313265%5D%5D"><span style="color: #ba0000; text-decoration: inherit; -moz-text-decoration-color: #ba0000; text-decoration-color: #ba0000;">Empress Yu</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313265" class="extiw" title="d:Q7313265">[d]</a></sup></td><td colspan="3" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td class="Q gen-1" colspan="5" rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юаньчжан">Чжу Юаньчжан</a></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="3" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line NW"><span class="E"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line NE"><span class="E"></span><span class="S"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line ESW"><span class="S"></span><span class="W"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="21" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td class="Q gen0" colspan="5" rowspan="5"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Юнлэ</a></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td class="Q gen-2" colspan="5" rowspan="5"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empress_Chun&action=edit&preload=%D0%A8%3APreload%2F%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F&preloadparams%5B%5D=%7B%7B%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%7CQ7312687%7D%7D%0A%27%27%27Empress+Chun%27%27%27+%E2%80%94+%0A%0A%3D%3D+%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96+%3D%3D%0A%7B%7B%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%7D%7D%0A%5B%5B%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C+%D0%B7+%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%7CQ7312687%5D%5D"><span style="color: #ba0000; text-decoration: inherit; -moz-text-decoration-color: #ba0000; text-decoration-color: #ba0000;">Empress Chun</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7312687" class="extiw" title="d:Q7312687">[d]</a></sup></td><td colspan="3" class="Z"></td><td class="Q gen-3" colspan="5" rowspan="5"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chen_Gong&action=edit&preload=%D0%A8%3APreload%2F%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F&preloadparams%5B%5D=%7B%7B%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%7CQ15900203%7D%7D%0A%27%27%27Chen+Gong%27%27%27+%E2%80%94+%0A%0A%3D%3D+%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96+%3D%3D%0A%7B%7B%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%7D%7D%0A%5B%5B%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C+%D0%B7+%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%7CQ15900203%5D%5D"><span style="color: #ba0000; text-decoration: inherit; -moz-text-decoration-color: #ba0000; text-decoration-color: #ba0000;">Chen Gong</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15900203" class="extiw" title="d:Q15900203">[d]</a></sup></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="3" class="Z"></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line ESW"><span class="S"></span><span class="W"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line NW"><span class="E"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td colspan="3" class="Z"></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="2" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td colspan="3" class="Z"></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="29" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td class="Q gen-1" colspan="5" rowspan="5"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empress_Ma&action=edit&preload=%D0%A8%3APreload%2F%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F&preloadparams%5B%5D=%7B%7B%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%7CQ1068941%7D%7D%0A%27%27%27Empress+Ma%27%27%27+%E2%80%94+%0A%0A%3D%3D+%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96+%3D%3D%0A%7B%7B%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%7D%7D%0A%5B%5B%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C+%D0%B7+%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%7CQ1068941%5D%5D"><span style="color: #ba0000; text-decoration: inherit; -moz-text-decoration-color: #ba0000; text-decoration-color: #ba0000;">Empress Ma</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068941" class="extiw" title="d:Q1068941">[d]</a></sup></td><td colspan="3" class="Z"></td><td class="Q gen-2" colspan="5" rowspan="5"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ma_Gong&action=edit&preload=%D0%A8%3APreload%2F%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F&preloadparams%5B%5D=%7B%7B%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%7CQ28415525%7D%7D%0A%27%27%27Ma+Gong%27%27%27+%E2%80%94+%0A%0A%3D%3D+%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96+%3D%3D%0A%7B%7B%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%7D%7D%0A%5B%5B%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%3A%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C+%D0%B7+%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%7CQ28415525%5D%5D"><span style="color: #ba0000; text-decoration: inherit; -moz-text-decoration-color: #ba0000; text-decoration-color: #ba0000;">Ma Gong</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28415525" class="extiw" title="d:Q28415525">[d]</a></sup></td><td colspan="16" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line EW"><span class="S"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td colspan="3" class="Z"></td><td colspan="16" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="7" class="Z"></td><td class="line NW"><span class="E"></span><span class="N"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td class="line NS"><span class="E"></span><span class="W"></span></td><td colspan="16" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td colspan="3" class="Z"></td><td colspan="16" class="Z"></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan="8" class="Z"></td><td colspan="3" 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help;">CALIS</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.calis.edu.cn/aopac/ajsp/detail.jsp?actionfrom=1&actl=CAL++n2004148320">n2004148320</a> · <span title="China Biographical Database" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">CBDB</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db1.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/cbdbc/cbdbkmeng?~~AAA0030151">0030151</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/123403766">123403766</a> · <span title="Міжнародны ідэнтыфікатар стандартных найменняў" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">ISNI</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni-url.oclc.nl/isni/0000000063233013">0000000063233013</a> · <a 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href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Каралеўская бібліятэка Швецыі">LIBRIS</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/auth/302187">302187</a> · <span title="SUDOC" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">SUDOC</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/061630691">061630691</a> · <a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/284435732">284435732</a> · <span title="Union List of Artist Names" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">ULAN</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500356295">500356295</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Узята з "<a dir="ltr" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Юнлэ&oldid=4790904">https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Юнлэ&oldid=4790904</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Categories" title="Адмысловае:Categories">Катэгорыі</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F" 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