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id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Aftermath </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Aftermath subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-U.S._response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 U.S. response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S._response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukraine_International_Airlines_Flight_752_shootdown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukraine_International_Airlines_Flight_752_shootdown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 shootdown </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukraine_International_Airlines_Flight_752_shootdown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Reactions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reactions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reactions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Iran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Iran </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iraq" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iraq"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Iraq </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iraq-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 International </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Operation Martyr Soleimani</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" > 28 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82_2020" title="الهجوم الإيراني على القوات الأمريكية في العراق 2020 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الهجوم الإيراني على القوات الأمريكية في العراق 2020" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B2%DB%B0_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7_%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="۲۰۲۰ ایرانین آمریکا اوردوسونا حمله‌سی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۲۰۲۰ ایرانین آمریکا اوردوسونا حمله‌سی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%C2%AB%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%C2%BB" title="Аперацыя «Пакутнік Сулеймані» – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аперацыя «Пакутнік Сулеймані»" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_M%C3%A4rtyrer_Soleimani" title="Operation Märtyrer Soleimani – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Operation Märtyrer Soleimani" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%9C%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%84%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%8A%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B9" title="Επιχείρηση Μάρτυρας Σολεϊμάνι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επιχείρηση Μάρτυρας Σολεϊμάνι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardeo_de_Ir%C3%A1n_sobre_Irak_de_2020" title="Bombardeo de Irán sobre Irak de 2020 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bombardeo de Irán sobre Irak de 2020" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="عملیات شهید سلیمانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عملیات شهید سلیمانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frappes_iraniennes_du_8_janvier_2020_%C3%A0_al-Asad_et_Erbil" title="Frappes iraniennes du 8 janvier 2020 à al-Asad et Erbil – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Frappes iraniennes du 8 janvier 2020 à al-Asad et Erbil" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%9C%EA%B5%90%EC%9E%90_%EC%86%94%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%A7%88%EB%8B%88_%EC%9E%91%EC%A0%84" title="순교자 솔레이마니 작전 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="순교자 솔레이마니 작전" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF_%D5%8D%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Նահատակ Սոլեյմանի ռազմագործողություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նահատակ Սոլեյմանի ռազմագործողություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operasi_Syahid_Soleimani" title="Operasi Syahid Soleimani – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Operasi Syahid Soleimani" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attacco_iraniano_alle_forze_statunitensi_in_Iraq_del_2020" title="Attacco iraniano alle forze statunitensi in Iraq del 2020 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Attacco iraniano alle forze statunitensi in Iraq del 2020" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A6%D7%A2_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%94%D7%99%D7%93_%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99" title="מבצע השהיד סולימאני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מבצע השהיד סולימאני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90)" title="მოწამე სოლეიმანი (ოპერაცია) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მოწამე სოლეიმანი (ოპერაცია)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serangan_Iran_ke_atas_pasukan_tentera_Amerika_Syarikat_di_Iraq_2020" title="Serangan Iran ke atas pasukan tentera Amerika Syarikat di Iraq 2020 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Serangan Iran ke atas pasukan tentera Amerika Syarikat di Iraq 2020" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E5%B9%B41%E6%9C%88%E3%81%AE%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%81%AB%E3%82%88%E3%82%8B%E5%9C%A8%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AF%E7%B1%B3%E8%BB%8D%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0%E6%94%BB%E6%92%83" title="2020年1月のイランによる在イラク米軍基地攻撃 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="2020年1月のイランによる在イラク米軍基地攻撃" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86_%D8%B4%DB%81%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="آپریشن شہید سلیمانی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آپریشن شہید سلیمانی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_M%C3%A1rtir_Soleimani" title="Operação Mártir Soleimani – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Operação Mártir Soleimani" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%C2%AB%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%C2%BB" title="Операция «Мученик Сулеймани» – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Операция «Мученик Сулеймани»" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Iranian_attack_on_U.S._forces_in_Iraq" title="2020 Iranian attack on U.S. forces in Iraq – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="2020 Iranian attack on U.S. forces in Iraq" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D9%BE%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B4%DB%95%DA%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%DB%95%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ئۆپەراسیۆنی شەھید سولەیمانی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئۆپەراسیۆنی شەھید سولەیمانی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operaatio_Marttyyri_Suleimani" title="Operaatio Marttyyri Suleimani – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Operaatio Marttyyri Suleimani" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eehid_S%C3%BCleymani_Harek%C3%A2t%C4%B1" title="Şehid Süleymani Harekâtı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şehid Süleymani Harekâtı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%C2%AB%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%C2%BB" title="Операція «Мученик Сулеймані» – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Операція «Мученик Сулеймані»" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86_%D8%B4%DB%81%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="آپریشن شہید سلیمانی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آپریشن شہید سلیمانی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D9%89%DA%AD_%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D8%AA%DB%87%D8%B1%DB%87%D8%B4%D9%84%DB%87%D9%82_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%83%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89%D8%BA%D8%A7_%D9%82%D9%89%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%BE%DB%87%D8%AC%DB%87%D9%85%D9%89" title="2020 ئىراننىڭ ئىراقتا تۇرۇشلۇق ئامېرىكا بازىسىغا قىلغان ھۇجۇمى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="2020 ئىراننىڭ ئىراقتا تۇرۇشلۇق ئامېرىكا بازىسىغا قىلغان ھۇجۇمى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran_t%E1%BA%A5n_c%C3%B4ng_c%C4%83n_c%E1%BB%A9_qu%C3%A2n_s%E1%BB%B1_M%E1%BB%B9_th%C3%A1ng_1_n%C4%83m_2020" title="Iran tấn công căn cứ quân sự Mỹ tháng 1 năm 2020 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Iran tấn công 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Operation Martyr Soleimani</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of events that followed the <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Assassination of Qasem Soleimani">assassination of Qasem Soleimani</a> during the <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932021_Persian_Gulf_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2019–2021 Persian Gulf crisis">2019–2021 Persian Gulf crisis</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ain_al-Assad_air_base,_8_jan_2020.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Ain_al-Assad_air_base%2C_8_jan_2020.png/300px-Ain_al-Assad_air_base%2C_8_jan_2020.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Ain_al-Assad_air_base%2C_8_jan_2020.png/450px-Ain_al-Assad_air_base%2C_8_jan_2020.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Ain_al-Assad_air_base%2C_8_jan_2020.png/600px-Ain_al-Assad_air_base%2C_8_jan_2020.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1132" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Damage (encircled) to at least five structures at Ayn al-Asad airbase in a series of missile attacks by Iran</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Operational scope</th><td class="infobox-data">Military strike targeting multiple sites</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Locations</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline;" class="location"><a href="/wiki/Al-Asad_Airbase" title="Al-Asad Airbase">Al-Asad Airbase</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al_Anbar_Governorate" title="Al Anbar Governorate">Al Anbar Governorate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&params=33_48_N_42_26_E_region:IQ">33°48′N 42°26′E / 33.800°N 42.433°E / 33.800; 42.433</a> <div style="display:inline;" class="location"><a href="/wiki/Erbil_International_Airport" title="Erbil International Airport">Erbil International Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erbil" title="Erbil">Erbil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan">Kurdistan</a>, Iraq</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&params=36.2375_N_43.963056_E_region:IQ">36°14′15″N 43°57′47″E / 36.2375°N 43.963056°E / 36.2375; 43.963056</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Planned by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Target</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Al-Asad_Airbase" title="Al-Asad Airbase">Al-Asad Airbase</a> <a href="/wiki/Erbil" title="Erbil">Erbil</a> Airbase</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">8 January 2020, from about 1:30 a.m. to 4:00 a.m. (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B03:00" title="UTC+03:00">UTC+03:00</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Executed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_the_Aerospace_Force_of_the_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_Aerospace_Force_of_the_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_the_Aerospace_Force_of_the_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Aerospace_Force_of_the_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_the_Aerospace_Force_of_the_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution.svg/41px-Flag_of_the_Aerospace_Force_of_the_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1423" data-file-height="1041" /> <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps_Aerospace_Force" title="Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force">Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">11 <a href="/wiki/Qiam_1" title="Qiam 1">Qiam 1</a> missiles<a href="#cite_note-tri-2">[2]</a> hit <a href="/wiki/Al-Asad_Airbase" title="Al-Asad Airbase">Al-Asad Airbase</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Casualties</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> 110 U.S. military personnel wounded (<a href="/wiki/Traumatic_brain_injury" title="Traumatic brain injury">traumatic brain injuries</a>)<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:300px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:300px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:300px"><a href="/wiki/File:Mesopotamia_location_map2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Operation Martyr Soleimani is located in Mesopotamia"><img alt="Operation Martyr Soleimani is located in Mesopotamia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Mesopotamia_location_map2.svg/300px-Mesopotamia_location_map2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Mesopotamia_location_map2.svg/450px-Mesopotamia_location_map2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Mesopotamia_location_map2.svg/600px-Mesopotamia_location_map2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1998" data-file-height="1265" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:41.935%;left:24.295%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Al-Asad Airbase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Al-Asad Airbase</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:15.726%;left:33.512%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Operation Martyr Soleimani" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of the targets hit</div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Battles and operations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinjar_clashes_(2019)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinjar clashes (2019)">Sinjar</a></li></ul> <hr /> Major insurgent attacks <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Baghdad_bombings" title="2018 Baghdad bombings">2018 Baghdad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Asdira_funeral_bombing" title="2018 Asdira funeral bombing">2018 Asdira</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2018_Hawija_ambush&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2018 Hawija ambush (page does not exist)">Hawija</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2018_Al_Tarmia_attack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2018 Al Tarmia attack (page does not exist)">Al Tarmia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2018_Al-Qa%27im_bombing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2018 Al-Qa'im bombing (page does not exist)">Al-Qa'im</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Karbala_bombing" title="2019 Karbala bombing">Karbala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_K-1_Air_Base_attack" title="2019 K-1 Air Base attack">Kirkuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2021_Baghdad_bombings" title="January 2021 Baghdad bombings">Jan 2021 Baghdad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Diyala_massacre" title="2022 Diyala massacre">Diyala</a></li></ul> <hr /> Cross-border operations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_campaign_(2017%E2%80%932019)" title="Deir ez-Zor campaign (2017–2019)">Deir ez-Zor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)">Syrian Desert</a></li></ul> <hr /> Iranian–U.S. conflict <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_K-1_Air_Base_attack" title="2019 K-1 Air Base attack">K-1 Air Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2019_United_States_airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria" title="December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria">2019 U.S. bombing of Kata'ib Hezbollah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_the_United_States_embassy_in_Baghdad" title="Attack on the United States embassy in Baghdad">Attack on U.S. embassy in Baghdad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Assassination of Qasem Soleimani">Assassination of Qasem Soleimani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Reactions to the assassination of Qasem Soleimani">reactions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Operation Martyr Soleimani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Camp_Taji_attacks" title="2020 Camp Taji attacks">Camp Taji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Erbil_rocket_attacks" title="2021 Erbil rocket attacks">2021 Erbil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="February 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">Feb 2021 U.S. bombing of Kata'ib Hezbollah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="June 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">Jun 2021 U.S. bombing of Kata'ib Hezbollah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Erbil_missile_attacks" title="2022 Erbil missile attacks">2022 Erbil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_attacks_on_U.S._bases_in_Iraq_and_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq and Syria">American–Middle East conflict</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> On 8 January 2020, in a military operation code named Operation Martyr Soleimani (<a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: عملیات شهید سلیمانی),<a href="#cite_note-:02-5">[5]</a> Iran's <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps" title="Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps">Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps</a> (IRGC) launched over 12 <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballistic missiles">ballistic missiles</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Al-Asad_Airbase" title="Al-Asad Airbase">al-Asad Airbase</a> in <a href="/wiki/Al_Anbar_Governorate" title="Al Anbar Governorate">Al Anbar Governorate</a>, western <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, as well as another airbase in <a href="/wiki/Erbil" title="Erbil">Erbil</a>, in response to <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Assassination of Qasem Soleimani">the assassination</a> of Major General <a href="/wiki/Qasem_Soleimani" title="Qasem Soleimani">Qasem Soleimani</a> by a United States <a href="/wiki/Drone_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="Drone strike">drone strike</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-:8-8">[8]</a> The strike was the largest ballistic missile attack ever against U.S. forces abroad.<a href="#cite_note-:16-9">[9]</a> Initially, the U.S. was not willing to concede the seriousness of the attack.<a href="#cite_note-:17-10">[10]</a> While it initially assessed that none of its service members were injured or killed,<a href="#cite_note-CNNCasualties-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-:8-8">[8]</a> the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Defense">U.S. Department of Defense</a> ultimately said that 110 service members had been diagnosed and treated for <a href="/wiki/Traumatic_brain_injury" title="Traumatic brain injury">traumatic brain injuries</a> (mainly concussions) from the attack. Some of them were later awarded the <a href="/wiki/Purple_Heart" title="Purple Heart">Purple Heart</a>. Iran reportedly informed the <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqi government">Iraqi government</a> of an imminent attack shortly beforehand.<a href="#cite_note-Iraq_warning-12">[12]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pompeo" title="Mike Pompeo">Mike Pompeo</a> said the attack was intended to kill,<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> however some analysts suggested the strike was deliberately designed to avoid causing any fatalities in order to dissuade an armed American response.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> The U.S. said it was able to avoid fatalities because the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">United States Space Force</a> provided early warning.<a href="#cite_note-auto-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-:10-17">[17]</a> In the months following the attack, the U.S. deployed <a href="/wiki/MIM-104_Patriot" title="MIM-104 Patriot">Patriot</a> and other missile defense systems to some of their Iraqi bases. Additionally, the high alert of Iranian forces after the attack may have caused the <a href="/wiki/Ukraine_International_Airlines_Flight_752" title="Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752">Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 shootdown</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NewAA-18">[18]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Assassination of Qasem Soleimani">Assassination of Qasem Soleimani</a> and <a href="/wiki/Funeral_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Funeral of Qasem Soleimani">Funeral of Qasem Soleimani</a></div> According to the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency" title="Defense Intelligence Agency">Defense Intelligence Agency</a>, Iran has "the largest and most diverse ballistic arsenal in the Middle East, and a substantial inventory of close-range ballistic missiles, short-range ballistic missiles, and medium-range ballistic missiles that can strike targets throughout the region up to 2,000 kilometers (1243 miles) from Iran's borders".<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> In the lead up to the attacks, Iranian officials had said Iran would retaliate against U.S. forces for the killing of General <a href="/wiki/Qasem_Soleimani" title="Qasem Soleimani">Qasem Soleimani</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> on 3 January 2020.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> warned that any retaliation would result in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_threat_for_destruction_of_Iranian_cultural_sites" class="mw-redirect" title="United States threat for destruction of Iranian cultural sites">targeting</a> of 52 significant Iranian sites, including <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Iran" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Iran">cultural ones</a>, by U.S. forces.<a href="#cite_note-:12-21">[21]</a> Reportedly, following the Baghdad strike, U.S. intelligence agencies detected Iran's heightened readiness but it was unclear at the time if they were defensive measures or an indication of a future attack on U.S. forces.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Asad_Airbase" title="Al-Asad Airbase">Al-Asad Airbase</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Al_Anbar_Governorate" title="Al Anbar Governorate">Al Anbar Governorate</a>, western <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, hosted between 1,500<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> and 2,000<a href="#cite_note-:16-9">[9]</a> U.S. troops. On 3 December 2019, an Iraqi military statement said five rockets had landed on al-Asad airbase, with no injuries.<a href="#cite_note-reuters_20191203-24">[24]</a> Later, a "security source" inside al-Asad airbase and a "local official at a nearby town" told Reuters that reports that the airbase was under attack at that time were false.<a href="#cite_note-reuters_20200103-25">[25]</a> These reports on Twitter temporarily caused a rally of U.S. and <a href="/wiki/Brent_Crude" title="Brent Crude">Brent</a> crude oil futures.<a href="#cite_note-reuters_20200103-25">[25]</a> On 4 January 2020, two rockets hit the <a href="/wiki/Balad_Air_Base" title="Balad Air Base">Balad Air Base</a> located near Baghdad.<a href="#cite_note-rocketattacks-26">[26]</a> Two mortars also hit Baghdad's <a href="/wiki/Green_Zone" title="Green Zone">Green Zone</a>.<a href="#cite_note-rocketattacks-26">[26]</a> These attacks resulted in no casualties or damage.<a href="#cite_note-rocketattacks-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Thirteen_revenge_scenarios">Thirteen revenge scenarios</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Thirteen revenge scenarios">edit</a>]</div> The Thirteen revenge scenarios document was written by Iran's <a href="/wiki/Supreme_National_Security_Council" title="Supreme National Security Council">Supreme National Security Council</a> in the wake of the death of <a href="/wiki/Quds_force" class="mw-redirect" title="Quds force">Quds force</a> commander <a href="/wiki/Qasem_Soleimani" title="Qasem Soleimani">Qasem Soleimani</a> by US airstrike on 3 January 2020.<a href="#cite_note-:0-27">[27]</a> It was announced by Secretary <a href="/wiki/Ali_Shamkhani" title="Ali Shamkhani">Ali Shamkhani</a> on 7 January 2020 as a form a tribute to a departed comrade-in-arms whose final funeral was in his birthplace <a href="/wiki/Kerman" title="Kerman">Kerman</a>. Shamkhani warned that the scenarios would "bring a historic nightmare for America."<a href="#cite_note-aa13-28">[28]</a> The document was created as a result of the threat by <a href="/wiki/Ayatollah_Khamenei" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayatollah Khamenei">Ayatollah Khamenei</a> of "hard revenge" loosed mayhem in the political corridors of Iran.<a href="#cite_note-aa13-28">[28]</a> In fact, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a> reported on 6 January that Khamenei "personally weighed in on how Iran should respond - insisting Iran directly retaliate for the killing".<a href="#cite_note-:0-27">[27]</a> At least 13 scenarios for revenge have been discussed in SNSC meetings. Said Shamkhani to the <a href="/wiki/Fars_news_agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Fars news agency">Fars news agency</a>:<a href="#cite_note-aa13-28">[28]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">If all Council members agree even on the weakest scenario, it will bring a historic nightmare for America... [It will] not be just one single operation... The U.S. knows they are vulnerable to Iran's reaction. That's why a number of their patrols have reduced and forces are mainly concentrated at bases... The response is likely to be triggered by medium-range and long-range missiles... If the forces want to take shelter in the bases, we will destroy the bases in addition to the forces... If American forces do not leave our region on their foot and vertically, we will do something that their dead bodies go horizontally.</blockquote> Shamkhani was aware of 19 US military bases "in the region", including 11 bases located east or west of the Iranian border, and eight north or south of the Iranian border.<a href="#cite_note-aa13-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attacks">Attacks</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Attacks">edit</a>]</div> On 8 January 2020, shortly after midnight, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iraq" title="Prime Minister of Iraq">Iraqi Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Adil_Abdul-Mahdi" title="Adil Abdul-Mahdi">Adil Abdul-Mahdi</a> reportedly received a message from Iran indicating that the response to General Soleimani's death had "started or was about to start". Exact locations were not disclosed, but U.S. officials later confirmed their troops had adequate advanced warning of the attack and had taken shelter.<a href="#cite_note-:15-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Iraq_warning-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amir_Ali_Hajizadeh" title="Amir Ali Hajizadeh">Amir Ali Hajizadeh</a>, the commander of the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps_Aerospace_Force" title="Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force">Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force</a>, later clarified that half an hour before the missiles were fired, Iran informed the Iraqi Prime Minister that they would strike a base in Iraq without saying which base was the target. Hajizadeh said the Iranians gave forewarning to the Iraqi government out of "respect".<a href="#cite_note-:11-31">[31]</a> Sometime between 1:20 a.m. and 1:35 a.m. local, Iran began launching multiple <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballistic missiles">ballistic missiles</a> at select Iraqi bases hosting U.S. forces. According to Iranian media, the attack began around the same time of day Soleimani was killed five days prior, and just a few hours before his <a href="/wiki/Funeral_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Funeral of Qasem Soleimani">burial</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:02-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> The code used to launch the missiles was reportedly "Oh <a href="/wiki/Fatimah" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatimah">Zahra</a>", referring to the daughter of the <a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Islamic prophet</a> <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-APbaseattack-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-:02-5">[5]</a> According to U.S. troops at Al-Asad, the first missiles landed at 1:34 a.m. and were followed by three more volleys, spaced out by more than 15 minutes each. The attack lasted roughly three hours and was over by 4:00 a.m.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-Damage-34">[34]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps" title="Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps">Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps</a> (IRGC) took responsibility for the attack against the <a href="/wiki/Al-Asad_Airbase" title="Al-Asad Airbase">al-Asad Airbase</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> about half an hour after the attack began and announced that it was carried out in response to the killing of Soleimani. The IRGC added that if the U.S. retaliated, they would respond in kind. It also declared that the attack was intended as a warning that applied to any regional actor that provides basing for U.S. military personnel.<a href="#cite_note-:8-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fars_News_Agency" title="Fars News Agency">Fars News Agency</a> subsequently released video of the missile launches.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">The Pentagon</a> confirmed that both the al-Asad airbase and an airbase in <a href="/wiki/Erbil" title="Erbil">Erbil</a>, built by the South Korean <a href="/wiki/Zaytun_Division" title="Zaytun Division">Zaytun Division</a> in 2004 during the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>, were hit by Iranian <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-surface_missile" title="Surface-to-surface missile">surface-to-surface missiles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CNN_Borger_20200107-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> According to a U.S. military spokesman for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Central_Command" title="United States Central Command">United States Central Command</a> (CENTCOM), the attacks unfolded in two waves, each about an hour apart.<a href="#cite_note-:2-40">[40]</a> Marine General <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_F._McKenzie_Jr." title="Kenneth F. McKenzie Jr.">Kenneth McKenzie</a>, commander of Central Command, monitored the attack from his <a href="/wiki/MacDill_Air_Force_Base" title="MacDill Air Force Base">headquarters</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa, Florida</a> and communicated with Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Mark_Esper" title="Mark Esper">Mark Esper</a> and President Donald Trump.<a href="#cite_note-60mins-41">[41]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ayn_al-Asad_airbase_attack603dc40485f540048b53c3da.webmhd.webm/220px--Ayn_al-Asad_airbase_attack603dc40485f540048b53c3da.webmhd.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="117" data-mwtitle="Ayn_al-Asad_airbase_attack603dc40485f540048b53c3da.webmhd.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Ayn_al-Asad_airbase_attack603dc40485f540048b53c3da.webmhd.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/Ayn_al-Asad_airbase_attack603dc40485f540048b53c3da.webmhd.webm/Ayn_al-Asad_airbase_attack603dc40485f540048b53c3da.webmhd.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="512" data-height="288" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/Ayn_al-Asad_airbase_attack603dc40485f540048b53c3da.webmhd.webm/Ayn_al-Asad_airbase_attack603dc40485f540048b53c3da.webmhd.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/Ayn_al-Asad_airbase_attack603dc40485f540048b53c3da.webmhd.webm/Ayn_al-Asad_airbase_attack603dc40485f540048b53c3da.webmhd.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Ayn_al-Asad_airbase_attack603dc40485f540048b53c3da.webmhd.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="511" data-height="288" /></video><figcaption>U.S. drone footage of the Al Asad Airbase missile barrage.</figcaption></figure> The exact number of missiles launched is disputed. A spokesman for U.S. Central Command said fifteen missiles were fired; ten hit the Al-Asad airbase, one hit the Erbil base, and four failed to reach their targets.<a href="#cite_note-:2-40">[40]</a> U.S. defense secretary <a href="/wiki/Mark_Esper" title="Mark Esper">Mark Esper</a> later gave a similar estimate, saying 16 short-range missiles had been launched from three locations within Iran, with 11 striking al-Asad (instead of the prior estimate of 10).<a href="#cite_note-:5-42">[42]</a> Kurdish security officials told <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> that at least two targeted Erbil: one hit <a href="/wiki/Erbil_International_Airport" title="Erbil International Airport">Erbil International Airport</a> and did not explode, the other landed about 20 miles west of Erbil.<a href="#cite_note-:4-43">[43]</a> According to the Iraqi military, 22 missiles were fired between 1:45 a.m. and 2:15 a.m. local, 17 toward Al-Asad base and 5 at Erbil.<a href="#cite_note-independent-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-Iran_fires-45">[45]</a> In an initial report, the <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Students_News_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Students News Agency">Iranian Students News Agency</a> (ISNA) said Iran launched "tens" of missiles.<a href="#cite_note-:02-5">[5]</a> The day after the strike, IRGC aerospace commander Amir Hajizadeh stated that they fired a total of 13 missiles and that they targeted the Al-Asad airbase.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tasnim_News_Agency" title="Tasnim News Agency">Tasnim News Agency</a> reported that the IRGC used <a href="/wiki/Fateh-313" title="Fateh-313">Fateh-313</a> and <a href="/wiki/Qiam_1" title="Qiam 1">Qiam</a> ballistic missiles in the attack and wrote that U.S. forces failed to intercept them because they were equipped with <a href="/wiki/Cluster_munition" title="Cluster munition">cluster</a> warheads.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a> reported that no missiles were intercepted because the bases lacked a missile defense system.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> According to U.S. defense secretary <a href="/wiki/Mark_Esper" title="Mark Esper">Mark Esper</a>, the missiles carried between 1,000-and-2,000-pound (450 and 910 kg) warheads.<a href="#cite_note-:5-42">[42]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, the attack was the largest ballistic missile strike against American forces in history.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Damage">Damage</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Damage">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Trump_Meets_with_Senior_White_House_Advisors_(49351678458).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/President_Trump_Meets_with_Senior_White_House_Advisors_%2849351678458%29.jpg/220px-President_Trump_Meets_with_Senior_White_House_Advisors_%2849351678458%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/President_Trump_Meets_with_Senior_White_House_Advisors_%2849351678458%29.jpg/330px-President_Trump_Meets_with_Senior_White_House_Advisors_%2849351678458%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/President_Trump_Meets_with_Senior_White_House_Advisors_%2849351678458%29.jpg/440px-President_Trump_Meets_with_Senior_White_House_Advisors_%2849351678458%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>U.S. president <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> and senior advisors meet in the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> <a href="/wiki/Situation_Room" title="Situation Room">Situation Room</a> to assess the missile attacks, 7 January 2020 (EST)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Al_Asad_Airbase_damage_following_IRGC_missile_attack.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Al_Asad_Airbase_damage_following_IRGC_missile_attack.jpg/220px-Al_Asad_Airbase_damage_following_IRGC_missile_attack.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Al_Asad_Airbase_damage_following_IRGC_missile_attack.jpg/330px-Al_Asad_Airbase_damage_following_IRGC_missile_attack.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Al_Asad_Airbase_damage_following_IRGC_missile_attack.jpg/440px-Al_Asad_Airbase_damage_following_IRGC_missile_attack.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6720" data-file-height="4480" /></a><figcaption>Aftermath of the missile attacks on <a href="/wiki/Al_Asad_Airbase" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Asad Airbase">Al Asad Airbase</a>, 13 January 2020</figcaption></figure>The U.S. military initially assessed that there were no casualties,<a href="#cite_note-:2-40">[40]</a> which was later echoed by the president.<a href="#cite_note-nocasualtiessofar-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-waporeports-52">[52]</a> President Trump stated that the damage sustained was minimal.<a href="#cite_note-nocasualtiessofar-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-waporeports-52">[52]</a> The U.S. defense secretary said the damage was limited to "tentage, taxiways, the parking lot, damaged helicopter, things like that, nothing I would describe as major".<a href="#cite_note-:5-42">[42]</a> Some soldiers lamented losing all their personal belongings—clothing, books, pictures of their families, and mementos they had carried through more than a decade in the military.<a href="#cite_note-2020-01-13_SD-53">[53]</a> Senior Iraqi officials said there were no Iraqi casualties.<a href="#cite_note-:8-8">[8]</a> Among the coalition forces present in the two bases, Australia,<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Canada,<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Denmark,<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Finland,<a href="#cite_note-:6-57">[57]</a> Lithuania,<a href="#cite_note-:6-57">[57]</a> Norway,<a href="#cite_note-APbaseattack-33">[33]</a> and Poland<a href="#cite_note-reuters-58">[58]</a> confirmed that their personnel were unharmed. <a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a>'s secretary-general <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Barkindo" title="Mohammed Barkindo">Mohammed Barkindo</a>, while on conference in Abu Dhabi, announced that Iraqi oil facilities were secure.<a href="#cite_note-Iran_fires-45">[45]</a> While damage assessments were still underway, Iranian state-run <a href="/wiki/Mehr_News_Agency" title="Mehr News Agency">Mehr News Agency</a> wrote "over 80 American troops were killed and some 200 wounded", citing an unidentified IRGC source.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Later, a hoax <a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">Pentagon</a> memo claiming 139 American troops were killed was spread on social media.<a href="#cite_note-:9-61">[61]</a> Mike Pregent, a former U.S. intelligence officer, attributed the forged memo to an IRGC <a href="/wiki/Disinformation" title="Disinformation">disinformation</a> attempt.<a href="#cite_note-:9-61">[61]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Sightline_Media_Group" title="Sightline Media Group">The Military Times</a>, a U.S. commando said Al Asad Airbase suffered the brunt of the missile barrage.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Satellite photos provided by <a href="/wiki/Planet_Labs" title="Planet Labs">Planet Labs</a> showed extensive damage to the base, with at least five structures damaged in the attack, showing that the missiles were precise enough to hit individual buildings. David Schmerler, an analyst with the <a href="/wiki/Middlebury_Institute_of_International_Studies_at_Monterey" title="Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey">Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey</a>, which evaluated the photos, said the attacks seemed to had hit buildings that stored aircraft, while buildings used for housing staff were not hit.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Two <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">U.S. defense</a> officials told Newsweek that eighteen missiles, which used on-board guidance systems, landed in al-Asad airbase, three of them on the runway, while another hit and damaged an air control tower. One <a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_UH-60_Black_Hawk" title="Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk">Black Hawk</a> helicopter was destroyed, ten tents were "destroyed", and an <a href="/wiki/General_Atomics_MQ-1_Predator" title="General Atomics MQ-1 Predator">MQ-1 Predator</a> drone was alleged to have been damaged,<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> although al-Asad hosts only U.S. Air Force <a href="/wiki/General_Atomics_MQ-9_Reaper" title="General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper">MQ-9 Reapers</a> and Army <a href="/wiki/General_Atomics_MQ-1C_Gray_Eagle" title="General Atomics MQ-1C Gray Eagle">MQ-1C Gray Eagles</a>, as MQ-1 Predators were phased out from USAF service in March 2018.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Damaged structures also reportedly included a special forces compound, and two hangars, in addition to the U.S. drone operators' housing unit.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-Damage-34">[34]</a> Craters up to 30 feet (10 m) wide were left by the impacts.<a href="#cite_note-:17-10">[10]</a> U.S. soldiers stationed at al-Asad later confirmed that they had received advanced warning of the missile attack before the Iraqis notified them, and that by 11:00 p.m. (local), several hours before the first missiles landed, most of the American section of the base was in lockdown while other troops had been flown out. Only essential personnel such as tower guards and drone pilots remained unsheltered as they were protecting against a ground assault which base commanders expected would follow the missile attack. The base did not have structures in place to defend against a missile attack of the kind launched by the IRGC, with many taking cover in concrete indirect fire bunkers designed to withstand only 60 pound warheads and pyramid-like <a href="/wiki/Hardened_aircraft_shelter" title="Hardened aircraft shelter">hardened aircraft shelters</a> that were built during the <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="Iran–Iraq War">Iran–Iraq War</a>. Troops re-emerged from their shelters at the break of dawn.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-Damage-34">[34]</a> During the attack, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army">U.S. Army</a> was flying seven <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">UAVs</a>, including MQ-1C Gray Eagles, across Iraq to monitor bases with U.S. troops. Fires caused by the attack on Al Asad burned through <a href="/wiki/Fiber-optic_communication" title="Fiber-optic communication">fiber-optic</a> cables at the base, causing the 14 UAV pilots there to lose contact with the drones, rendering them unable to locate the drones and monitor the ongoing attack. After the attack, soldiers had to replace 500 meters of melted fiber cables which connected to radios which then connected to aircraft. US forces had to reprogram satellites in order to reconnect to the unaccounted-for drones, subsequently having to land them one-by-one at the damaged airbase until finishing around 9:00 a.m.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Several European and U.S. government officials believed that Iran deliberately avoided inflicting fatalities in their operation in order to send a message of resolve to avenge Soleimani without provoking a substantial military response.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-hosspe-beli-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-atetal-adm-70">[70]</a> However, Pentagon officials said they believed the missiles were intended to kill Americans.<a href="#cite_note-:5-42">[42]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff">Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff</a> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Milley" title="Mark Milley">Mark Milley</a> believed the missiles were intended to cause structural damage, to destroy vehicles, equipment, and aircraft, and to kill personnel, adding that defensive measures by U.S. troops and <a href="/wiki/Early-warning_radar" title="Early-warning radar">early warning systems</a> were what prevented personnel from being killed.<a href="#cite_note-:5-42">[42]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Strategic_and_International_Studies" title="Center for Strategic and International Studies">Center For Strategic & International Studies</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Space-Based_Infrared_System" title="Space-Based Infrared System">Space-based Infrared System (SBIRS)</a> warned troops to prepare for incoming attacks, although the Pentagon did not confirm the presence of any missile defense systems at either al-Asad airbase or the base near Erbil.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Lieutenant general <a href="/wiki/David_D._Thompson" title="David D. Thompson">David D. Thompson</a>, vice commander of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">United States Space Force</a>, later said on 27 February that the warning messages sent to al-Asad base from <a href="/wiki/Buckley_Space_Force_Base" title="Buckley Space Force Base">Buckley Space Force Base</a> had prevented U.S. fatalities.<a href="#cite_note-auto-16">[16]</a> Lieutenant Colonel Tim Garland, commander of <a href="/wiki/5th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="5th Infantry Regiment (United States)">1st Battalion, 5th Infantry Regiment</a>, 1st Stryker <a href="/wiki/Brigade_Combat_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigade Combat Team">Brigade Combat Team</a> at al-Asad base, said the missile volleys were timed in such a way as to trick soldiers into thinking the bombardment was over.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> IRGC aerospace commander <a href="/wiki/Amir_Ali_Hajizadeh" title="Amir Ali Hajizadeh">Amir Hajizadeh</a> said the intention was not to kill any American troops but that they could have planned the operation to do so and stated that Iran launched cyber attacks that disabled U.S. missile tracking systems during the strikes would have been an option.<a href="#cite_note-bbc-iccs-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-:11-31">[31]</a> He added that driving out U.S. forces from the region was the only fitting revenge for the killing of General Soleimani.<a href="#cite_note-bbc-iccs-73">[73]</a> <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>'s <a href="/wiki/60_Minutes" title="60 Minutes">60 Minutes</a>, which had interviewed U.S. troops stationed at Al Asad Airbase, revealed on 28 February 2021 that more than 50 aircraft and 1,000 troops were evacuated before the missiles hit. According to CENTCOM commander Gen. Frank McKenzie, the Iranians monitored al-Asad by purchasing commercial satellite imaging and the evacuation was timed as to make sure the Iranians were using outdated spy photos, which played a part in why some U.S. officials believed the attack was intended to kill. The report also highlighted the conditions of troops on the ground, reporting that at one point 40 personnel were attempting to stuff themselves into a bunker which was made to house about 10 people. Army Major Alan Johnson noted that the impacts "knocked the wind out of me followed by the most putrid tasting ammonia tasting dust that swept through the bunker coated your teeth" and the "fire was just rolling over the bunkers, you know, like 70 feet in the air." People were "throwing up, everybody had headaches" after the attack, he added.<a href="#cite_note-60mins-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Injuries">Injuries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Injuries">edit</a>]</div> On 17 January, over a week after the attack, several U.S. defense officials confirmed that "out of an abundance of caution" eleven U.S. troops were <a href="/wiki/Medical_evacuation" title="Medical evacuation">medically evacuated</a> to military hospitals—three to <a href="/wiki/Camp_Arifjan" title="Camp Arifjan">Camp Arifjan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_al-Jaber_Air_Base" title="Ahmad al-Jaber Air Base">Ahmad al-Jaber Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> and eight to <a href="/wiki/Landstuhl_Regional_Medical_Center" title="Landstuhl Regional Medical Center">Landstuhl Regional Medical Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Landstuhl" title="Landstuhl">Landstuhl</a>, Germany—to be treated for <a href="/wiki/Traumatic_brain_injury" title="Traumatic brain injury">traumatic brain injury</a> and to undergo further evaluations. The first service member was flown out of Iraq on 10 January, while others were evacuated on 15 January.<a href="#cite_note-ReutersInjuries-74">[74]</a> Another official said that it was standard procedure for all personnel in the vicinity of a blast to be screened for <a href="/wiki/Traumatic_brain_injury" title="Traumatic brain injury">TBI</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DefenseOneInjuries-75">[75]</a> Initial U.S. assessments stated that there were no casualties, due to the Pentagon's longstanding treatment of brain injuries as a different class of wounds that do not require them to be regarded as "casualties". On 24 January a Pentagon spokesman said that 34 service members were suffering headaches from the attack. 18 of them were evacuated to Landstuhl Regional Medical Center in Germany, eight of those were subsequently sent to the U.S. for treatment at <a href="/wiki/Walter_Reed_Army_Medical_Center" title="Walter Reed Army Medical Center">Walter Reed Army Medical Center</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34DiagnosedCNN-76">[76]</a> Another was evacuated to Kuwait. 16 service members were treated inside Iraq and had returned to duty soon after.<a href="#cite_note-TBINYT-77">[77]</a> On 28 January, according to several Pentagon officials, around "200 people who were in the blast zone at the time of the attack have been screened for symptoms." As a result, no more than "50 U.S. service members have been diagnosed with TBI." It was said that the number of diagnosed may change,<a href="#cite_note-50_injured-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> as the new information was that 31 of them had been treated in Iraq, while 18 (up from the previous figure of 17) were treated in Germany.<a href="#cite_note-50_injured-78">[78]</a> The Pentagon said that all were diagnosed with mild traumatic brain injury and 77 had already returned to duty.<a href="#cite_note-:10-17">[17]</a> In November 2021, one of the recipients of the Purple Heart, 22-year-old Jason Quitugua, committed <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a> as a result of vision and hearing problems and constant headaches and memory loss caused by the TBI inflicted in the attacks.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Aftermath">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S._response">U.S. response</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: U.S. response">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm/220px--President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="557" data-mwtitle="President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4a/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4a/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4a/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4a/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4a/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm/President_Trump_Delivers_Remarks_January_8_2020.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> addresses the nation, <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>, 8 January 2020</figcaption></figure> In his first public comments on the attack, at 8:45 pm EST on 7 January, President Donald Trump tweeted "All is well!", said that damage assessments were ongoing, and added that he would make a statement on the attack the following morning.<a href="#cite_note-:1-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-81">[81]</a> In his televised <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> statement on 8 January, while being flanked by the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Joint Chiefs of Staff">Joint Chiefs of Staff</a>, Trump sought to reduce tensions by downplaying the impact of the missile attacks, observing that Iran appeared to be "standing down", and ruling out a direct military response. Furthermore, Trump said he was willing to "embrace peace" and urged greater international cooperation in the region, suggesting it is possible for Iran and the U.S. to fight against a common enemy such as the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant">Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant</a> terrorist organization. However, there were no suggestions that his administration's "<a href="/wiki/Maximum_pressure_campaign" title="Maximum pressure campaign">maximum pressure campaign</a>" would relent, with his announcement of new <a href="/wiki/Sanctions_against_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctions against Iran">sanctions on Iran</a> and affirmation that they would never be allowed to <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Iran" title="Nuclear program of Iran">possess nuclear weapons</a> while he was in office.<a href="#cite_note-nocasualtiessofar-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-waporeports-52">[52]</a> In a letter to the United Nations, the U.S. wrote that it is braced to take further necessary action in the Middle East to ensure safety of U.S. personnel, and it is also ready to "engage in serious negotiations with Iran without preconditions" to avert war.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_2" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm/200px-seek%3D24-Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="200" height="113" data-durationhint="1042" data-mwtitle="Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm.480p.vp9.webm#t=00:00:24" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm.720p.vp9.webm#t=00:00:24" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm#t=00:00:24" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm.240p.vp9.webm#t=00:00:24" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm.360p.vp9.webm#t=00:00:24" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm/Press_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm.360p.webm#t=00:00:24" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3APress_Briefing_with_Secretary_of_State_Mike_Pompeo_and_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_Steve_Mnuchin_January_10_2020.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video><figcaption>U.S. Secretary of the Treasury <a href="/wiki/Steve_Mnuchin" class="mw-redirect" title="Steve Mnuchin">Steve Mnuchin</a> announces sanctions on Iran's metal industries, 10 January 2020</figcaption></figure> On 10 January, the Trump administration imposed new economic sanctions on Iran that targeted the country's metals industry, including the construction, manufacturing, textiles and mining economic sectors. U.S. treasury secretary <a href="/wiki/Steven_Mnuchin" title="Steven Mnuchin">Steven Mnuchin</a> noted that the sanctions on metals and other industries would be both primary and secondary sanctions that allows the U.S. to designate other sectors in the future. Additionally, the U.S. announced 17 specific sanctions against Iran's largest copper, steel, aluminum, and iron manufacturers, a network of Chinese and <a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a>-based entities, and a vessel involved in the transfer of metal products. The administration also sanctioned eight senior Iranian officials who were involved in the missile attacks, including the secretary of Iran's <a href="/wiki/Supreme_National_Security_Council" title="Supreme National Security Council">Supreme National Security Council</a> <a href="/wiki/Ali_Shamkhani" title="Ali Shamkhani">Ali Shamkhani</a>, the deputy chief of staff of the Iranian armed forces <a href="/wiki/Mohammad-Reza_Ashtiani_Araghi" title="Mohammad-Reza Ashtiani Araghi">Mohammad-Reza Ashtiani Araghi</a>, and IRGC senior officer <a href="/wiki/Gholamreza_Soleimani" title="Gholamreza Soleimani">Gholamreza Soleimani</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> By 13 April, the U.S. had installed and activated <a href="/wiki/MIM-104_Patriot" title="MIM-104 Patriot">Patriot air defense systems</a> which have anti-ballistic missile capabilities, an Army <a href="/wiki/Counter_Rocket,_Artillery,_and_Mortar" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar">C-RAM system</a>, and an <a href="/wiki/AN/TWQ-1_Avenger" title="AN/TWQ-1 Avenger">AN/TWQ-1 Avenger</a> at Al Asad Airbase and the base at Erbil, and at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Taji" title="Camp Taji">Camp Taji</a>, after gradually moving the systems into Iraq since the attack.<a href="#cite_note-NewAA-18">[18]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukraine_International_Airlines_Flight_752_shootdown">Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 shootdown</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 shootdown">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ukraine_International_Airlines_Flight_752" title="Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752">Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752</a></div> Shortly after the attacks, the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Aviation_Administration" title="Federal Aviation Administration">Federal Aviation Administration</a> issued a <a href="/wiki/NOTAM" title="NOTAM">notice to airmen</a> (NOTAM) prohibiting U.S. civil aviation operators from operating in the airspace over Iraq, Iran, and the waters of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> <a href="/wiki/Singapore_Airlines" title="Singapore Airlines">Singapore Airlines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Qantas" title="Qantas">Qantas</a> diverted their flights from Iranian airspace following the attacks.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Hours following the initial missile attacks on Iraq, and after the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration announced the NOTAM for the region, a <a href="/wiki/Boeing_737_Next_Generation#737-800" title="Boeing 737 Next Generation">Boeing 737-800</a> crashed shortly after takeoff from <a href="/wiki/Tehran_Imam_Khomeini_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport">Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport</a>, killing all 176 passengers on board, including at least 130 Iranians. Iranian officials initially said that technical failures unrelated to the missile attacks caused the plane to crash. However, they drew skepticism when they refused to allow <a href="/wiki/Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a> or U.S. aviation officials access to the <a href="/wiki/Flight_recorder" title="Flight recorder">black boxes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> On 11 January, after The New York Times obtained and published video showing the moment the aircraft was hit by an Iranian missile,<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> the Iranian government admitted that the shootdown was due to human error, stating that the military mistook the plane for a "hostile target".<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> A wave of <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Iranian_protests#January_2020" class="mw-redirect" title="2019–20 Iranian protests">anti-government protests</a> emerged across Iran in response to the attempted cover-up, with some protesters demanding the <a href="/wiki/Ali_Khamenei" title="Ali Khamenei">Supreme Leader</a> resign. U.S. President Trump tweeted support for the protesters in English and in <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Farsi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> British ambassador to Iran <a href="/wiki/Robert_Macaire_(diplomat)" title="Robert Macaire (diplomat)">Robert Macaire</a> was arrested and held in custody for more than an hour after attending a gathering at Tehran's <a href="/wiki/Amirkabir_University_of_Technology" title="Amirkabir University of Technology">Amirkabir University of Technology</a>. According to <a href="/wiki/Tasnim_News_Agency" title="Tasnim News Agency">Tasnim News Agency</a>, he was arrested for "suspicion of organising, provoking and directing radical actions". UK foreign secretary <a href="/wiki/Dominic_Raab" title="Dominic Raab">Dominic Raab</a> called the ambassador's arrest "a flagrant violation of <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a>".<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reactions">Reactions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Reactions">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iran">Iran</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Iran">edit</a>]</div> In a letter to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, Iran called the missile strikes a "measured and proportionate" act of "self-defense" that "was precise and targeted military objectives thus leaving no collateral damage to civilians and civilian assets in the area."<a href="#cite_note-nocasualtiessofar-51">[51]</a> IRGC aerospace commander Amir Hajizadeh later stated that, if the U.S. had retaliated militarily, Iran was prepared to fire thousands of missiles during the escalation.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-iccs-73">[73]</a> Iran's foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Javad_Zarif" title="Mohammad Javad Zarif">Javad Zarif</a> defended the legality of the attack, tweeting "Iran took & concluded proportionate measures in self-defense under <a href="/wiki/Chapter_VII_of_the_United_Nations_Charter#Article_51" title="Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter">Article 51 of UN Charter</a> targeting base from which cowardly armed attack against our citizens & senior officials were launched."<a href="#cite_note-:1-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-:13-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-:14-96">[96]</a> Zarif also tweeted "We do not seek escalation or war, but will defend ourselves against any aggression."<a href="#cite_note-:1-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-:13-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-:14-96">[96]</a> He later said "it is up to the United States to now come to its senses and stop its adventurism in this region".<a href="#cite_note-nocasualtiessofar-51">[51]</a> On 8 January, <a href="/wiki/Ali_Khamenei" title="Ali Khamenei">Ali Khamenei</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Leader_of_Iran" title="Supreme Leader of Iran">Supreme Leader of Iran</a>, said military actions are not enough and that the "corruptive presence" of the U.S. in the Middle East must be ended.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> Khamenei also described the attacks as a "slap in the face" to the U.S.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Khamenei later reiterated this during a <a href="/wiki/Friday_prayer" title="Friday prayer">Friday sermon</a> on 17 January, describing the attack as showing that "Iran has the power to give such a slap to a world power shows the hand of God".<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> President <a href="/wiki/Hassan_Rouhani" title="Hassan Rouhani">Hassan Rouhani</a> said "real revenge and the ultimate response by regional nations is when America is expelled from this region and its hand of aggression is cut off forever."<a href="#cite_note-nocasualtiessofar-51">[51]</a> Iran's ambassador to the UN, <a href="/wiki/Majid_Takht-Ravanchi" title="Majid Takht-Ravanchi">Majid Takht-Ravanchi</a>, said on 10 January that Iran intended to "send a message" with the missile strike.<a href="#cite_note-nocasualtiessofar-51">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iraq">Iraq</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Iraq">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iraq" title="Prime Minister of Iraq">Iraqi Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Adil_Abdul-Mahdi" title="Adil Abdul-Mahdi">Adil Abdul-Mahdi</a> called for de-escalation and respect of Iraq's sovereignty.<a href="#cite_note-:15-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Iraq_warning-12">[12]</a> Shortly after U.S. President Donald Trump's de-escalatory remarks regarding the attack, Iraqi cleric <a href="/wiki/Muqtada_al-Sadr" title="Muqtada al-Sadr">Muqtada al-Sadr</a> urged his followers not to conduct any attacks against U.S. elements in Iraq.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sayyid" title="Sayyid">Sayyid</a> <a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Sistani" title="Ali al-Sistani">Ali al-Sistani</a> also called for ceasefire on both sides, saying the conflict violated Iraqi sovereignty.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Despite the calls for de-escalation, Reuters reported that three <a href="/wiki/Katyusha_rocket_launcher" title="Katyusha rocket launcher">Katyusha rockets</a> were launched on the evening of 8 January in Baghdad by unidentified militants, hitting the <a href="/wiki/Green_Zone" title="Green Zone">Green Zone</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> On 12 January, at least four Iraqi soldiers were injured after seven <a href="/wiki/Mortar_(weapon)" title="Mortar (weapon)">mortars</a> attacked an airbase in Baghdad that housed U.S. trainers.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: United States">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:04IMG_8179_(49359790156).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/04IMG_8179_%2849359790156%29.jpg/220px-04IMG_8179_%2849359790156%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/04IMG_8179_%2849359790156%29.jpg/330px-04IMG_8179_%2849359790156%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/04IMG_8179_%2849359790156%29.jpg/440px-04IMG_8179_%2849359790156%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1170" /></a><figcaption>Anti-war protesters in <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a>, 9 January 2020</figcaption></figure> U.S. Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pompeo" title="Mike Pompeo">Mike Pompeo</a> condemned the Iranian ballistic missile strike.<a href="#cite_note-nocasualtiessofar-51">[51]</a> Both <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> members of the Senate advised the Trump administration to deescalate its stance with Iran. Senate majority leader <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a> said, "I believe the President wants to avoid conflict or needless loss of life but he's rightly prepared to protect American lives and interests and I hope Iran's leaders do not miscalculate by questioning our collective will in launching further attacks."<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-nocasualtiessofar-51">[51]</a> House Speaker <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> announced a vote on a war powers resolution that would limit President Trump's military actions regarding Iran.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> Senator <a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Graham" title="Lindsey Graham">Lindsey Graham</a> called the missile strike "an act of war" and threatened to take Iran "out of the oil business".<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> In May 2020, 29 U.S. soldiers injured in the attack were awarded the <a href="/wiki/Purple_Heart" title="Purple Heart">Purple Heart</a>.<a href="#cite_note-PH-108">[108]</a> In December 2021, 39 additional soldiers were awarded the Purple Heart.<a href="#cite_note-:17-10">[10]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International">International</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: International">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>'s Secretary-General <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">Antonio Guterres</a> appealed for de-escalation and peace.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /> <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> leaders urged President Trump, both in public and in private, not to give a military response.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>: British prime minister <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> denounced the missile attacks on U.S. forces, urging Iran to avoid further "reckless and dangerous" strikes.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>'s deputy defense minister <a href="/wiki/Khalid_bin_Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud" class="mw-redirect" title="Khalid bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud">Prince Khalid bin Salman</a> said the kingdom would stand with <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> and do everything in its power to spare it from the "danger of war and conflict between external parties".<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>'s president <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a> said during the inauguration of the <a href="/wiki/TurkStream" title="TurkStream">TurkStream</a> <a href="/wiki/Gas_pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas pipeline">gas pipeline</a> alongside Russian president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a>, that "no one has the right to throw the whole region, especially Iraq, into a new ring of fire for the sake of their own interests." He added "the tension between our ally U.S.A. and our neighbor Iran has reached a point that we do not desire at all," while promoting Turkey's diplomatic efforts to defuse the crisis.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /> <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>'s emir, Sheikh <a href="/wiki/Tamim_bin_Hamad_Al_Thani" title="Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani">Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani</a>, visited <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a> to discuss the crisis with Iranian president <a href="/wiki/Hassan_Rouhani" title="Hassan Rouhani">Hassan Rouhani</a>. The Qatari leader said de-escalation and dialogue were the only means to resolve the crisis and maintain peace.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Sheikh Tamim was the first national leader to visit Iran following the death of General Soleimani.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Operation_Martyr_Soleimani" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Operation Martyr Soleimani">Operation Martyr Soleimani</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Erbil_rocket_attacks" title="2021 Erbil rocket attacks">2021 Erbil rocket attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Camp_Taji_attacks" title="2020 Camp Taji attacks">2020 Camp Taji attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_United_States_troops_from_Iraq_(2020%E2%80%932021)" title="Withdrawal of United States troops from Iraq (2020–2021)">Withdrawal of United States troops from Iraq (2020–2021)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_in_Iraq" title="2020 in Iraq">2020 in Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_in_Iran" title="2020 in Iran">2020 in Iran</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Martyr_Soleimani&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output 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a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210115232229/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/24/world/middleeast/iran-iraq-troops-brain-injuries.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=34+Troops+Have+Brain+Injuries+From+Iranian+Missile+Strike%2C+Pentagon+Says&rft.date=2020-01-24&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Helene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F01%2F24%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Firan-iraq-troops-brain-injuries.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Martyr+Soleimani" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50_injured-78">^ <a href="#cite_ref-50_injured_78-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-50_injured_78-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStarr2020" class="citation web cs1">Starr, Barbara (28 January 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/28/politics/50-injuries-iran-strike/index.html">"First on CNN: 50 US service members diagnosed with traumatic brain injuries after Iranian missile strike"</a>. 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We have the most powerful and well equipped military anywhere in the world, by far! I will be making a statement tomorrow morning"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template:Iran–United States relations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template talk:Iran–United States relations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Iran–United States relations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Iran&#124;link=Iran_Iran–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Iran–United States relations">Iran–United States relations</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomatic posts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_Iran,_Washington,_D.C." title="Embassy of Iran, Washington, D.C.">Embassy of Iran, Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_Iran_to_the_United_States" title="List of ambassadors of Iran to the United States">Ambassadors of Iran to the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Tehran" title="Embassy of the United States, Tehran">Embassy of the United States, Tehran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Iran" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Iran">Ambassadors of the United States to Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interests_Section_of_Iran_in_the_United_States" title="Interests Section of Iran in the United States">Interests Section of Iran in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consulate-General_of_the_United_States,_Tabriz" title="Consulate-General of the United States, Tabriz">Consulate-General of the United States, Tabriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Near_Eastern_Affairs" title="Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs">Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93United_States_Claims_Tribunal" title="Iran–United States Claims Tribunal">Iran–United States Claims Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Directorate" title="Iranian Directorate">Iranian Directorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Syria_Policy_and_Operations_Group" title="Iran Syria Policy and Operations Group">Iran Syria Policy and Operations Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Corridor" title="Persian Corridor">Persian Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf_Command" title="Persian Gulf Command">Persian Gulf Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization_of_the_Iranian_oil_industry" title="Nationalization of the Iranian oil industry">Nationalization of the Iranian oil industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1953 Iranian coup d'état">1953 Iranian coup d'état</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Abadan_Crisis" title="Timeline of the Abadan Crisis">Abadan Crisis Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amity,_Economic_Relations_and_Consular_Rights" title="Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations and Consular Rights">Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations and Consular Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exercise_Delawar" title="Exercise Delawar">Exercise Delawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Dark_Gene" title="Project Dark Gene">Project Dark Gene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safari_Club" title="Safari Club">Safari Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_of_Stability_(speech)" title="Island of Stability (speech)">Island of Stability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Ahmadinejad%27s_letter_to_George_W._Bush" title="Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's letter to George W. Bush">Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's letter to George W. Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correspondence_between_Barack_Obama_and_Ali_Khamenei" title="Correspondence between Barack Obama and Ali Khamenei">Correspondence between Barack Obama and Ali Khamenei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phone_conversation_between_Barack_Obama_and_Hassan_Rouhani" title="Phone conversation between Barack Obama and Hassan Rouhani">Phone conversation between Barack Obama and Hassan Rouhani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negotiations_leading_to_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Negotiations leading to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Negotiations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Plan_of_Action" title="Joint Plan of Action">Joint Plan of Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_nuclear_deal_framework" title="Iran nuclear deal framework">Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Reactions to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Criticism of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Aftermath of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Aftermath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_withdrawal_from_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="United States withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">U.S. withdrawal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="Iran–Iraq War">Iran–Iraq War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_support_for_Iraq_during_the_Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="United States support for Iraq during the Iran–Iraq War">United States support for Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgeton_incident" title="Bridgeton incident">Bridgeton incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Air_Flight_655" title="Iran Air Flight 655">Iran Air Flight 655</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Ajr" title="Iran Ajr">Iran Ajr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Contra_affair" title="Iran–Contra affair">Iran–Contra affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Staunch" title="Operation Staunch">Operation Staunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Eager_Glacier" title="Operation Eager Glacier">Operation Eager Glacier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Earnest_Will" title="Operation Earnest Will">Operation Earnest Will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Prime_Chance" title="Operation Prime Chance">Operation Prime Chance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Nimble_Archer" title="Operation Nimble Archer">Operation Nimble Archer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Praying_Mantis" title="Operation Praying Mantis">Operation Praying Mantis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_alliance_against_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab–Israeli alliance against Iran">Arab–Israeli alliance against Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Accords" title="Abraham Accords">Abraham Accords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2019_Warsaw_Conference" title="February 2019 Warsaw Conference">February 2019 Warsaw Conference</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Iran–Israel proxy conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Syria%E2%80%93Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_coalition" title="Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition">Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Security_Construct" title="International Maritime Security Construct">International Maritime Security Construct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Assassination of Qasem Soleimani">Assassination of Qasem Soleimani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Reactions to the assassination of Qasem Soleimani">reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_revenge_scenarios" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirteen revenge scenarios">Thirteen revenge scenarios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump%27s_threat_for_the_destruction_of_Iranian_cultural_sites" title="Donald Trump's threat for the destruction of Iranian cultural sites">Donald Trump's threat for the destruction of Iranian cultural sites</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Operation Martyr Soleimani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Camp_Taji_attacks" title="2020 Camp Taji attacks">2020 Camp Taji attacks</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations_after_1979" title="Iran–United States relations after 1979">Incidents after 1979</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Paul_R._Shaffer_and_John_H._Turner" title="Assassination of Paul R. Shaffer and John H. Turner">Assassination of Paul R. Shaffer and John H. Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_revolution" title="Iranian revolution">Iranian revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis" title="Iran hostage crisis">Iran hostage crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Iranian_hostage_crisis" title="Timeline of the Iranian hostage crisis">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe_Conference" title="Guadeloupe Conference">Guadeloupe Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Credible_Sport" title="Operation Credible Sport">Operation Credible Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Eagle_Claw" title="Operation Eagle Claw">Operation Eagle Claw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Caper" title="Canadian Caper">Canadian Caper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter%27s_engagement_with_Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Jimmy Carter's engagement with Ruhollah Khomeini">Jimmy Carter's engagement with Ruhollah Khomeini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_October_Surprise_theory" title="1980 October Surprise theory">1980 October Surprise theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis_negotiations" title="Iran hostage crisis negotiations">Negotiations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algiers_Accords" title="Algiers Accords">Algiers Accords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_can%27t_do_a_damn_thing_against_us" title="America can't do a damn thing against us">America can't do a damn thing against us</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Beirut_barracks_bombings" title="1983 Beirut barracks bombings">Beirut barracks bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khobar_Towers_bombing" title="Khobar Towers bombing">Khobar Towers bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Franklin_espionage_scandal" title="Lawrence Franklin espionage scandal">Lawrence Franklin espionage scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disappearance_of_Robert_Levinson" title="Disappearance of Robert Levinson">Disappearance of Robert Levinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_kill_or_capture_strategy_in_Iraq" title="United States kill or capture strategy in Iraq">United States kill or capture strategy in Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_raid_on_the_Iranian_Liaison_Office_in_Erbil" title="United States raid on the Iranian Liaison Office in Erbil">United States raid on the Iranian Liaison Office in Erbil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_of_Jalal_Sharafi" title="Kidnapping of Jalal Sharafi">Kidnapping of Jalal Sharafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Iran%E2%80%93United_States_naval_dispute" title="2008 Iran–United States naval dispute">2008 Naval dispute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Monkey" title="Filipino Monkey">Filipino Monkey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Cassandra" title="Project Cassandra">Project Cassandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009%E2%80%932011_detention_of_American_hikers_by_Iran" title="2009–2011 detention of American hikers by Iran">Detention of American hikers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contents_of_the_United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak_(Iran)" title="Contents of the United States diplomatic cables leak (Iran)">United States diplomatic cables leak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_alleged_Iran_assassination_plot" title="2011 alleged Iran assassination plot">2011 alleged Iran assassination plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Strait_of_Hormuz_dispute" title="2011–2012 Strait of Hormuz dispute">Strait of Hormuz dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93U.S._RQ-170_incident" title="Iran–U.S. RQ-170 incident">RQ-170 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Maersk_Tigris" title="MV Maersk Tigris">MV Maersk Tigris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_U.S.%E2%80%93Iran_naval_incident" title="2016 U.S.–Iran naval incident">2016 Naval incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Iran" title="Nuclear program of Iran">Nuclear program of Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_nuclear_program_of_Iran" title="Timeline of the nuclear program of Iran">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P5%2B1" title="P5+1">P5+1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Merlin" title="Operation Merlin">Operation Merlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charming_Kitten" title="Charming Kitten">Charming Kitten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuxnet" title="Stuxnet">Stuxnet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_of_Hossein_Alikhani" title="Kidnapping of Hossein Alikhani">Kidnapping of Hossein Alikhani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extradition_case_of_Meng_Wanzhou" title="Extradition case of Meng Wanzhou">Arrest of Meng Wanzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deportation_of_Iranian_students_at_US_airports" title="Deportation of Iranian students at US airports">Deportation of Iranian students at US airports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2019_Gulf_of_Oman_incident" title="May 2019 Gulf of Oman incident">May 2019 Gulf of Oman incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2019_Gulf_of_Oman_incident" title="June 2019 Gulf of Oman incident">June 2019 Gulf of Oman incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Iranian_shoot-down_of_American_drone" title="2019 Iranian shoot-down of American drone">2019 Iranian shoot-down of American drone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_K-1_Air_Base_attack" title="2019 K-1 Air Base attack">2019 K-1 Air Base attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2019_United_States_airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria" title="December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria">December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_the_United_States_embassy_in_Baghdad" title="Attack on the United States embassy in Baghdad">Attack on the United States embassy in Baghdad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Iran_explosions" title="2020 Iran explosions">2020 Iran explosions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Erbil_rocket_attacks" title="2021 Erbil rocket attacks">2021 Erbil rocket attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Natanz_incident" title="2021 Natanz incident">2021 Natanz incident</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="February 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">February 2021 United States airstrike in Syria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leaked_Mohammad_Javad_Zarif_audiotape" title="Leaked Mohammad Javad Zarif audiotape">Leaked Mohammad Javad Zarif audiotape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="June 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">June 2021 United States airstrike in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2021_Gulf_of_Oman_incident" title="July 2021 Gulf of Oman incident">July 2021 Gulf of Oman incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2021_Gulf_of_Oman_incident" title="August 2021 Gulf of Oman incident">August 2021 Gulf of Oman incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_U.S.%E2%80%93Iran_naval_incident" title="2021 U.S.–Iran naval incident">2021 U.S.–Iran naval incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Erbil_missile_attacks" title="2022 Erbil missile attacks">2022 Erbil missile attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2023_Northeastern_Syria_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="March 2023 Northeastern Syria clashes">2023 Northeastern Syria clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suez_Rajan" class="mw-redirect" title="Suez Rajan">Seizure of Suez Rajan and St Nikolas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_U.S._bases_in_Iraq,_Jordan,_and_Syria_(2023%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria (2023–present)">Attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria (2023–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Erbil_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Erbil attack">2024 Erbil attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_22_drone_attack" title="Tower 22 drone attack">Tower 22 drone attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_interference_in_the_2024_United_States_elections" title="Iranian interference in the 2024 United States elections">Iranian interference in the 2024 United States elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sanctions_against_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctions against Iran">Legislation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_sanctions_against_Iran" title="United States sanctions against Iran">United States sanctions against Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maximum_pressure_campaign" title="Maximum pressure campaign">Maximum pressure campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_12170" title="Executive Order 12170">Executive Order 12170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_12172" title="Executive Order 12172">Executive Order 12172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13769" title="Executive Order 13769">Executive Order 13769</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_Executive_Order_13769" title="Reactions to Executive Order 13769">reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_travel_ban" title="Trump travel ban">Trump travel ban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13780" title="Executive Order 13780">Executive Order 13780</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13876" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive Order 13876">Executive Order 13876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_and_Libya_Sanctions_Act" title="Iran and Libya Sanctions Act">Iran and Libya Sanctions Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Nonproliferation_Act_of_2000" title="Iran Nonproliferation Act of 2000">Iran Nonproliferation Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran,_North_Korea,_Syria_Nonproliferation_Act" title="Iran, North Korea, Syria Nonproliferation Act">Iran, North Korea, Syria Nonproliferation Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Freedom_and_Support_Act" title="Iran Freedom and Support Act">Iran Freedom and Support Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Sanctions_Enhancement_Act_of_2007" title="Iran Sanctions Enhancement Act of 2007">Iran Sanctions Enhancement Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyl%E2%80%93Lieberman_Amendment" title="Kyl–Lieberman Amendment">Kyl–Lieberman Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Iran_Sanctions,_Accountability,_and_Divestment_Act_of_2010" title="Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010">Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Freedom_and_Counter-Proliferation_Act" title="Iran Freedom and Counter-Proliferation Act">Iran Freedom and Counter-Proliferation Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Law_113-100" title="Public Law 113-100">Public Law 113-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Nuclear_Agreement_Review_Act_of_2015" title="Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015">Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Countering_America%27s_Adversaries_Through_Sanctions_Act" title="Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act">Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dames_%26_Moore_v._Regan" title="Dames & Moore v. Regan">Dames & Moore v. Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Diplomatic_and_Consular_Staff_in_Tehran" title="United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran">United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_Platforms_case" title="Oil Platforms case">Oil Platforms case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Banki" title="United States v. Banki">United States v. Banki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_Markazi_v._Peterson" title="Bank Markazi v. Peterson">Bank Markazi v. Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certain_Iranian_Assets" title="Certain Iranian Assets">Certain Iranian Assets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubin_v._Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" title="Rubin v. Islamic Republic of Iran">Rubin v. Islamic Republic of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alleged_Violations_of_the_1955_Treaty_of_Amity_(Iran_v._United_States)" title="Alleged Violations of the 1955 Treaty of Amity (Iran v. United States)">Alleged violations of Treaty of Amity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Groups and individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Action_Group" title="Iran Action Group">Iran Action Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93America_Society" title="Iran–America Society">Iran–America Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Students_Association_in_the_United_States" title="Iranian Students Association in the United States">Iranian Students Association in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Iranian_American_Council" title="National Iranian American Council">National Iranian American Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Iranian_American_Communities" title="Organization of Iranian American Communities">Organization of Iranian American Communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Against_Nuclear_Iran" title="United Against Nuclear Iran">United Against Nuclear Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farashgard" title="Farashgard">Farashgard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps" title="Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps">Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jundallah_(Iran)" title="Jundallah (Iran)">Jundallah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Assembly_of_Iran" title="Kingdom Assembly of Iran">Kingdom Assembly of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="National Council of Iran">National Council of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Resistance_of_Iran" title="National Council of Resistance of Iran">National Council of Resistance of Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Mojahedin_Organization_of_Iran" title="People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran">People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Abrams" title="Elliott Abrams">Elliott Abrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Baskerville" title="Howard Baskerville">Howard Baskerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Fallon" title="William J. Fallon">William J. Fallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Hook" title="Brian Hook">Brian Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Macmanus" title="Joseph Macmanus">Joseph Macmanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Malley" title="Robert Malley">Robert Malley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_D._Mull" title="Stephen D. Mull">Stephen D. Mull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_David_Rabhan" title="Erwin David Rabhan">Erwin David Rabhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Rezaian" title="Jason Rezaian">Jason Rezaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Ritter" title="Scott Ritter">Scott Ritter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Wadsworth" title="Craig Wadsworth">Craig Wadsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_R._White_(U.S._veteran)" title="Michael R. White (U.S. veteran)">Michael R. White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxana_Saberi" title="Roxana Saberi">Roxana Saberi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeed_Abedini" title="Saeed Abedini">Saeed Abedini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeid_Aboutaleb" title="Saeid Aboutaleb">Saeid Aboutaleb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahram_Amiri" title="Shahram Amiri">Shahram Amiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirous_Asgari" title="Sirous Asgari">Sirous Asgari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Reza_Banki" title="Mahmoud Reza Banki">Mahmoud Reza Banki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haleh_Esfandiari" title="Haleh Esfandiari">Haleh Esfandiari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Mirza_Hekmati" title="Amir Mirza Hekmati">Amir Mirza Hekmati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezedin_Abdel_Aziz_Khalil" title="Ezedin Abdel Aziz Khalil">Ezedin Abdel Aziz Khalil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahrzad_Mirgholikhan" title="Shahrzad Mirgholikhan">Shahrzad Mirgholikhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Hosseini_(showman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad Hosseini (showman)">Mohammad Hosseini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esha_Momeni" title="Esha Momeni">Esha Momeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mosaddegh" title="Mohammad Mosaddegh">Mohammad Mosaddegh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baquer_Namazi" title="Baquer Namazi">Baquer Namazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siamak_Namazi" title="Siamak Namazi">Siamak Namazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahar_Nowrouzzadeh" title="Sahar Nowrouzzadeh">Sahar Nowrouzzadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reza_Pahlavi,_Crown_Prince_of_Iran" title="Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran">Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noor_Pahlavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Noor Pahlavi">Noor Pahlavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trita_Parsi" title="Trita Parsi">Trita Parsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryam_Rajavi" title="Maryam Rajavi">Maryam Rajavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdolreza_Shahlaei" title="Abdolreza Shahlaei">Abdolreza Shahlaei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Shakeri" title="Ali Shakeri">Ali Shakeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masoud_Soleimani" title="Masoud Soleimani">Masoud Soleimani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morad_Tahbaz" title="Morad Tahbaz">Morad Tahbaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kian_Tajbakhsh" title="Kian Tajbakhsh">Kian Tajbakhsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karan_Vafadari" title="Karan Vafadari">Karan Vafadari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiyue_Wang" title="Xiyue Wang">Xiyue Wang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizar_Zakka" title="Nizar Zakka">Nizar Zakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Iranian_detainees_at_Guantanamo_Bay" title="List of Iranian detainees at Guantanamo Bay">Iranian Guantanamo Bay detainees</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Majid_Muhammed" title="Abdul Majid Muhammed">Abdul Majid Muhammed</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v_Iran_(1998_FIFA_World_Cup)" title="United States v Iran (1998 FIFA World Cup)">1998 FIFA World Cup match</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_relations_between_Iran_and_the_United_States" title="Academic relations between Iran and the United States">Academic relations between Iran and the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Islam_(term)" title="American Islam (term)">American Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-American_sentiment_in_Iran" title="Anti-American sentiment in Iran">Anti-American sentiment in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axis_of_evil" title="Axis of evil">Axis of evil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIA_activities_in_Iran" title="CIA activities in Iran">CIA activities in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93United_States_copyright_relations" title="Iran–United States copyright relations">Copyright relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_to_America" title="Death to America">Death to America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_containment" title="Dual containment">Dual containment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Satan" title="Great Satan">Great Satan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Conference_on_Hollywoodism" title="International Conference on Hollywoodism">International Conference on Hollywoodism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_and_state-sponsored_terrorism" title="Iran and state-sponsored terrorism">Iran and state-sponsored terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_frozen_assets" title="Iranian frozen assets">Iranian frozen assets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_military_action_against_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to military action against Iran">Opposition to military action against Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_enemy_is_here,_they_are_lying_that_it_is_America" title="Our enemy is here, they are lying that it is America">Our enemy is here, they are lying that it is America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Sponsors_of_Terrorism_(U.S._list)" title="State Sponsors of Terrorism (U.S. list)">State Sponsor of Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_involvement_in_regime_change" title="United States involvement in regime change">United States involvement in regime change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_and_state-sponsored_terrorism" title="United States and state-sponsored terrorism">United States and state-sponsored terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/650_Fifth_Avenue" title="650 Fifth Avenue">650 Fifth Avenue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alavi_Foundation" title="Alavi Foundation">Alavi Foundation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alborz_High_School" title="Alborz High School">Alborz High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Iranian_Studies" title="American Institute of Iranian Studies">American Institute of Iranian Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_School_of_Isfahan" title="American School of Isfahan">American School of Isfahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_School,_Tehran" title="Community School, Tehran">Community School, Tehran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damavand_College" title="Damavand College">Damavand College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Bethel_School" title="Iran Bethel School">Iran Bethel School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranzamin_School" title="Iranzamin School">Iranzamin School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter_Church,_Tehran" title="Saint Peter Church, Tehran">Saint Peter Church, Tehran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehran_American_School" title="Tehran American School">Tehran American School</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bomb_Iran" title="Bomb Iran">Bomb Iran</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overthrow_(book)" title="Overthrow (book)">Overthrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Not_for_the_Faint_of_Heart" title="Not for the Faint of Heart">Not for the Faint of Heart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="" 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