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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jafar Sharif-Emami</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%99f%C9%99r_%C5%9E%C9%99rif_%C4%B0mami" title="Cəfər Şərif İmami – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cəfər Şərif İmami" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dschafar_Scharif-Emami" title="Dschafar Scharif-Emami – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dschafar Scharif-Emami" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ya%27afar_Sharif_Emam%C3%AD" title="Ya'afar Sharif Emamí – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ya'afar Sharif Emamí" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%81%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%81%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="جعفر شریف‌امامی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جعفر شریف‌امامی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jafar_Sharif-Emami" title="Jafar Sharif-Emami – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jafar Sharif-Emami" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%ED%8C%8C%EB%A5%B4_%EC%83%A4%EB%A6%AC%ED%94%84%EC%97%90%EB%A7%88%EB%AF%B8" title="자파르 샤리프에마미 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자파르 샤리프에마미" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ჯაფარ შარიფ ემამი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯაფარ შარიფ ემამი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jafar_Sharif-Emami" title="Jafar Sharif-Emami – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Jafar Sharif-Emami" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jafaar_Sharif-Emami" title="Jafaar Sharif-Emami – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jafaar Sharif-Emami" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jafar_Sharif-Imami" title="Jafar Sharif-Imami – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jafar Sharif-Imami" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BCafar_Szarif-Emami" title="Dżafar Szarif-Emami – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dżafar Szarif-Emami" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jafar_Sharif-Emami" title="Jafar Sharif-Emami – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jafar Sharif-Emami" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84-%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Шариф-Эмами, Джафар – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шариф-Эмами, Джафар" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jafar_Sharif-Emami" title="Jafar Sharif-Emami – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Jafar Sharif-Emami" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jafar_Sharif-Emami" title="Jafar Sharif-Emami – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jafar Sharif-Emami" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jafar_Sharif-Emami" title="Jafar Sharif-Emami – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jafar Sharif-Emami" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" title="แจอ์แฟร์ แชรีฟเอมอมี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แจอ์แฟร์ แชรีฟเอมอมี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cafer_%C5%9Eerif_%C4%B0mami" title="Cafer Şerif İmami – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cafer Şerif İmami" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84-%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96" title="Джафар Шариф-Емамі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джафар Шариф-Емамі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Iranian politician</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Jafar Sharif-Emami</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Jafar_Sharif_Emami_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Jafar_Sharif_Emami_portrait.jpg/220px-Jafar_Sharif_Emami_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Jafar_Sharif_Emami_portrait.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="378" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">33rd <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iran" title="Prime Minister of Iran">Prime Minister of Iran</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />27 August 1978 – 6 November 1978</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Pahlavi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jamshid_Amouzegar" title="Jamshid Amouzegar">Jamshid Amouzegar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gholam_Reza_Azhari" title="Gholam Reza Azhari">Gholam Reza Azhari</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />31 August 1960 – 5 May 1961</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Pahlavi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manouchehr_Eghbal" title="Manouchehr Eghbal">Manouchehr Eghbal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ali_Amini" title="Ali Amini">Ali Amini</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Iran" title="Senate of Iran">President of the Senate</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />11 September 1964 – 24 March 1978</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Pahlavi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mohsen_Sadr" title="Mohsen Sadr">Mohsen Sadr</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Mohammad Sajadi</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Minister_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Minister of Iran">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />30 July 1960 – 1 December 1960</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manouchehr_Eghbal" title="Manouchehr Eghbal">Manouchehr Eghbal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abbas_Aram" title="Abbas Aram">Abbas Aram</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hossein_Ghods-Nakhai" title="Hossein Ghods-Nakhai">Ghods-Nakhai</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1912-06-17</span>)</span>17 June 1912<br /><a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qajar_Iran" title="Qajar Iran">Sublime State of Persia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">16 June 1998<span style="display:none">(1998-06-16)</span> (aged 85)<br /><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rastakhiz_Party" title="Rastakhiz Party">Rastakhiz Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Eshrat Sharif Emami (died November 1997)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tehran_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Tehran University">Tehran University</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Jafar Sharif-Imami</b> (<a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl">جعفر شریف‌امامی</span>; 17 June 1912 – 16 June 1998) was an <a href="/wiki/Iranian_peoples" title="Iranian peoples">Iranian</a> politician who was <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iran" title="Prime Minister of Iran">prime minister</a> from 1960 to 1961 and again in 1978. He was a cabinet minister, president of the <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Senate">Iranian Senate</a>, president of the <a href="/wiki/Bonyad#Monarchy" title="Bonyad">Pahlavi Foundation</a> and the president of the Iran chamber of industries and mines during the reign of Shah <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Pahlavi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-memoirs_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoirs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jafar_Sharif-Emami&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sharif_Emami,_Shah.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/Sharif_Emami%2C_Shah.jpg/220px-Sharif_Emami%2C_Shah.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/Sharif_Emami%2C_Shah.jpg/330px-Sharif_Emami%2C_Shah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/Sharif_Emami%2C_Shah.jpg/440px-Sharif_Emami%2C_Shah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="359" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mohammad-Reza_Shah" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad-Reza Shah">Mohammad-Reza Shah</a> welcomes Sharif Emami and his government in <a href="/wiki/Niavaran_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Niavaran Palace">Niavaran Palace</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dr._Jafar_Sharif-Emami_(1976).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Dr._Jafar_Sharif-Emami_%281976%29.jpg/220px-Dr._Jafar_Sharif-Emami_%281976%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Dr._Jafar_Sharif-Emami_%281976%29.jpg/330px-Dr._Jafar_Sharif-Emami_%281976%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Dr._Jafar_Sharif-Emami_%281976%29.jpg/440px-Dr._Jafar_Sharif-Emami_%281976%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="3980" /></a><figcaption>Sharif-Emami as <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Iran" title="Senate of Iran">President of Senate</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Sharif-Emami was born in <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a> on 17 June 1912 to a clerical family and his father was a mullah.<sup id="cite_ref-milani_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-milani-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After high school, Sharif-Emami was sent (along with thirty other young men) to <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> where he studied for eighteen months, returning to Iran in 1930 to work with state railroad organization until the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Soviet_invasion_of_Iran" title="Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran">Anglo-Soviet Invasion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-milani_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-milani-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Years later he was sent to <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> for technical training, returning in 1939 when he received a degree in engineering.<sup id="cite_ref-memoirs_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoirs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career_and_activities">Career and activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jafar_Sharif-Emami&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career and activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sharif-Emami began his career at the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Railways" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Railways">Iranian state railways</a> in 1931.<sup id="cite_ref-saxonyt_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saxonyt-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arrested in summer of 1943 for alleged ties to Germany he was kept in detention along with many other members of Iran's elite. After his release he was appointed director-general of the Irrigation Agency.<sup id="cite_ref-memoirs_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoirs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1950, he was appointed undersecretary of roads and communications.<sup id="cite_ref-saxonyt_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saxonyt-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prime Minister and General Haj Ali Razmara appointed him acting minister and then minister of roads to his <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Haj_Ali_Razmara" title="Government of Haj Ali Razmara">cabinet</a> inaugurated in June 1950, his first cabinet post.<sup id="cite_ref-memoirs_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoirs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He served as the minister of industries and mines in <a href="/wiki/Manuchehr_Eqbal" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuchehr Eqbal">Manuchehr Eqbal</a>'s cabinet.<sup id="cite_ref-Avsati_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avsati-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was prime minister from 1960 to 1961, and again in 1978, a few months before the overthrow of the Shah.<sup id="cite_ref-saxonyt_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saxonyt-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was appointed prime minister by Shah on 27 August 1978 because of his ties to clergy.<sup id="cite_ref-Moaddel1994_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moaddel1994-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sharif-Emami succeeded <a href="/wiki/Jamshid_Amouzegar" title="Jamshid Amouzegar">Jamshid Amouzegar</a> in the post.<sup id="cite_ref-Moaddel1994_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moaddel1994-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sharif-Emami resigned from the office on 5 November 1978 and was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Gholam_Reza_Azhari" title="Gholam Reza Azhari">Gholam Reza Azhari</a> in the post.<sup id="cite_ref-saxonyt_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saxonyt-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his short tenure, he undid many of the Shah's plans including the closing of casinos, abandoning the Imperial calendar, abolishing the <a href="/wiki/Rastakhiz_Party" title="Rastakhiz Party">Rastakhiz Party</a> and allowing all political parties to be active and personally responsible for preventing SAVAK to get involved and preventing the KGB backed clergyman from creating and continuing the 1979 revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-Avsati_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avsati-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All of his efforts to reform the political system in Iran, was overshadowed by the <a href="/wiki/Black_Friday_(1978)" title="Black Friday (1978)">Black Friday</a> massacre in Jaleh Square on 8 September 1978, mass protests, martial law and nationwide strikes, which brought the country's economy to its knees. He resigned from office amid riots on 5 November 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-bbconthisd_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbconthisd-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sharif-Emami was also long-time president of the <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Senate">Iranian Senate</a><sup id="cite_ref-cia72_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia72-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and chairman of the Pahlavi Foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was one of the close confidants of the Shah.<sup id="cite_ref-cia72_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia72-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jafar_Sharif-Emami&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sharif-Emami was married and had three children, two daughters and a son.<sup id="cite_ref-saxonyt_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saxonyt-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For some years he was also the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Master_(Masonic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Master (Masonic)">Grand Master</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Freemason" class="mw-redirect" title="Freemason">Freemason</a> <a href="/wiki/Grand_Lodge" title="Grand Lodge">Grand Lodge</a> of Iran, which gave him some informal influence among Iran's political elite.<sup id="cite_ref-memoirs_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoirs-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-milani_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-milani-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_years_and_death">Later years and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jafar_Sharif-Emami&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later years and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sharif-Emami left Iran following the <a href="/wiki/1979_Islamic_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="1979 Islamic Revolution">Islamic revolution</a> in 1979. He settled in the <a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Side" title="Upper East Side">Upper East Side</a> of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-saxonyt_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saxonyt-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There he served as the president of the Pahlavi Foundation and later resigned from the post.<sup id="cite_ref-saxonyt_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saxonyt-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He died at a hospital on 16 June 1998, one day shy of his 86th birthday, in New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-saxonyt_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saxonyt-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was buried in <a href="/wiki/Valhalla,_New_York" title="Valhalla, New York">Valhalla, New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-saxonyt_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saxonyt-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jafar_Sharif-Emami&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Iranian_senators" title="List of Iranian senators">List of Iranian senators</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jafar_Sharif-Emami&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-memoirs-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-memoirs_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoirs_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoirs_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoirs_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoirs_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ibexpub.com/index.php?main_page=pubs_product_book_info&products_id=89"><i>Memoirs of Sharif-Emami, Prime Minister</i></a>. Ibex Publishers. 1999. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-932885-22-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-932885-22-5"><bdi>0-932885-22-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Memoirs+of+Sharif-Emami%2C+Prime+Minister&rft.pub=Ibex+Publishers&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-932885-22-5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fibexpub.com%2Findex.php%3Fmain_page%3Dpubs_product_book_info%26products_id%3D89&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJafar+Sharif-Emami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-milani-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-milani_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-milani_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-milani_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbbas_Milani2008" class="citation book cs1">Abbas Milani (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ixU33FaG_dgC&pg=PA305"><i>Eminent Persians: The Men and Women who Made Modern Iran, 1941-1979</i></a>. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press. p. 305. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-0907-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-0907-0"><bdi>978-0-8156-0907-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eminent+Persians%3A+The+Men+and+Women+who+Made+Modern+Iran%2C+1941-1979&rft.place=Syracuse%2C+NY&rft.pages=305&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-0907-0&rft.au=Abbas+Milani&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DixU33FaG_dgC%26pg%3DPA305&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJafar+Sharif-Emami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psri.ir/?id=moh3g3do">"مؤسسه مطالعات و پژوهش‌های سیاسی"</a>. <i>psri.ir</i> (in Persian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=psri.ir&rft.atitle=%D9%85%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%87+%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D9%88+%D9%BE%DA%98%D9%88%D9%87%D8%B4%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C+%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpsri.ir%2F%3Fid%3Dmoh3g3do&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJafar+Sharif-Emami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-saxonyt-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-saxonyt_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-saxonyt_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-saxonyt_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-saxonyt_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-saxonyt_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-saxonyt_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-saxonyt_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-saxonyt_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-saxonyt_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolfang_Saxon2004" class="citation news cs1">Wolfang Saxon (23 June 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/06/23/world/jafar-sharif-emami-87-aide-to-shah-and-a-prime-minister.html">"Jafar Sharif-Emami, 87, Aide to Shah and a Prime Minister"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Jafar+Sharif-Emami%2C+87%2C+Aide+to+Shah+and+a+Prime+Minister&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.au=Wolfang+Saxon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F06%2F23%2Fworld%2Fjafar-sharif-emami-87-aide-to-shah-and-a-prime-minister.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJafar+Sharif-Emami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Avsati-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Avsati_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Avsati_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">'Alí Rizā Awsatí. (2003).<i>Iran in the Past Three Centuries</i> (<i>Irān dar Se Qarn-e Goz̲ashteh</i> - ايران در سه قرن گذشته), Paktāb Publishing - Tehran, Iran. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/964-93406-6-1" title="Special:BookSources/964-93406-6-1">964-93406-6-1</a> (Vol. 1), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/964-93406-5-3" title="Special:BookSources/964-93406-5-3">964-93406-5-3</a> (Vol. 2).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moaddel1994-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moaddel1994_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moaddel1994_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMansoor_Moaddel1994" class="citation book cs1">Mansoor Moaddel (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cgt2XSOuVgoC&pg=PA160"><i>Class, Politics, and Ideology in the Iranian Revolution</i></a>. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 160. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-51607-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-51607-5"><bdi>978-0-231-51607-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Class%2C+Politics%2C+and+Ideology+in+the+Iranian+Revolution&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=160&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-231-51607-5&rft.au=Mansoor+Moaddel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dcgt2XSOuVgoC%26pg%3DPA160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJafar+Sharif-Emami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholas_M._Nikazmerad1980" class="citation journal cs1">Nicholas M. Nikazmerad (1980). "A Chronological Survey of the Iranian Revolution". <i>Iranian Studies</i>. <b>13</b> (1/4): 327–368. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00210868008701575">10.1080/00210868008701575</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4310346">4310346</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Iranian+Studies&rft.atitle=A+Chronological+Survey+of+the+Iranian+Revolution&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1%2F4&rft.pages=327-368&rft.date=1980&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00210868008701575&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4310346%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=Nicholas+M.+Nikazmerad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJafar+Sharif-Emami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMehrzad_BoroujerdiKourosh_Rahimkhani2018" class="citation book cs1">Mehrzad Boroujerdi; Kourosh Rahimkhani (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210921151947/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/postrevolutionary-iran-a-political-handbook"><i>Postrevolutionary Iran. A Political Handbook</i></a>. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0815635741" title="Special:BookSources/978-0815635741"><bdi>978-0815635741</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://irandataportal.syr.edu/postrevolutionary-iran-a-political-handbook">the original</a> on 21 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Postrevolutionary+Iran.+A+Political+Handbook&rft.place=Syracuse%2C+NY&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-0815635741&rft.au=Mehrzad+Boroujerdi&rft.au=Kourosh+Rahimkhani&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Firandataportal.syr.edu%2Fpostrevolutionary-iran-a-political-handbook&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJafar+Sharif-Emami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbconthisd-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbconthisd_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/november/5/newsid_2538000/2538427.stm">"On this day. 5 November 1978: Iran's PM steps down amid riots"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=On+this+day.+5+November+1978%3A+Iran%27s+PM+steps+down+amid+riots&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fnovember%2F5%2Fnewsid_2538000%2F2538427.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJafar+Sharif-Emami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia72-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cia72_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cia72_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/70712.pdf">"Centers of Power in Iran"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>CIA</i>. May 1972<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CIA&rft.atitle=Centers+of+Power+in+Iran&rft.date=1972-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2001-2009.state.gov%2Fdocuments%2Forganization%2F70712.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJafar+Sharif-Emami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRozita_Miri" class="citation web cs1">Rozita Miri. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iichs.org/index_en.asp?img_cat=115&img_type=0">"The Senate"</a>. <i>IICHS</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IICHS&rft.atitle=The+Senate&rft.au=Rozita+Miri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fiichs.org%2Findex_en.asp%3Fimg_cat%3D115%26img_type%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJafar+Sharif-Emami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_H._Lorentz2010" class="citation book cs1">John H. Lorentz (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oV9WwxXbCB8C&pg=PA306"><i>The A to Z of Iran</i></a>. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. p. 306. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4617-3191-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4617-3191-7"><bdi>978-1-4617-3191-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+A+to+Z+of+Iran&rft.place=Lanham%2C+MD&rft.pages=306&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4617-3191-7&rft.au=John+H.+Lorentz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoV9WwxXbCB8C%26pg%3DPA306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJafar+Sharif-Emami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jafar_Sharif-Emami&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jafar_Sharif-Emami" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Jafar Sharif-Emami">Jafar Sharif-Emami</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Abbas_Aram" title="Abbas Aram">Abbas Aram</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Minister_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Minister of Iran">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a> </b><br />1960 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hossein_Ghods-Nakhai" title="Hossein Ghods-Nakhai">Hossein Ghods-Nakhai</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Manouchehr_Eghbal" title="Manouchehr Eghbal">Manouchehr Eghbal</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iran" title="Prime Minister of Iran">Prime Minister of Iran</a> </b><br />1960–1961 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ali_Amini" title="Ali Amini">Ali Amini</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mohsen_Sadr" title="Mohsen Sadr">Mohsen Sadr</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Iran" title="Senate of Iran">President of the Senate</a> </b><br />1964–1978 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Mohammad Sajadi</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jamshid_Amouzegar" title="Jamshid Amouzegar">Jamshid Amouzegar</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Prime Minister of Iran </b><br />1978 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Gholam_Reza_Azhari" title="Gholam Reza Azhari">Gholam Reza Azhari</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prime_ministers_of_Iran_(list)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Iran" title="Template:Prime ministers of Iran"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prime_ministers_of_Iran" title="Template talk:Prime ministers of Iran"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Iran" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prime ministers of Iran"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prime_ministers_of_Iran_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iran" title="Prime Minister of Iran">Prime ministers of Iran</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Iran" title="List of prime ministers of Iran">list</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qajar_Iran" title="Qajar Iran">Qajar Iran</a><br /><span class="nobold">(1907–1925)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soltan-Ali_Vazir-e_Afkham" title="Soltan-Ali Vazir-e Afkham">Afkham</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Ali_Asghar_Khan_Amin_al-Soltan" title="Mirza Ali Asghar Khan Amin al-Soltan">Atabak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Moshir_al-Saltaneh" title="Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh">Moshir al-Saltaneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abolqasem_Naser_ol-Molk" title="Abolqasem Naser ol-Molk">Naser ol-Molk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hossein-Qoli_Nezam_al-Saltaneh_Mafi" title="Hossein-Qoli Nezam al-Saltaneh Mafi">Nezam as-Saltaneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Moshir_al-Saltaneh" title="Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh">Moshir al-Saltaneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javad_Sa%27d_al-Dowleh" title="Javad Sa'd al-Dowleh">Sa'd al-Dowleh</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Vali_Khan_Khalatbari_Tonekaboni" title="Mohammad Vali Khan Khalatbari Tonekaboni">Tonekaboni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostowfi_ol-Mamalek" title="Mostowfi ol-Mamalek">Mostowfi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Vali_Khan_Khalatbari_Tonekaboni" title="Mohammad Vali Khan Khalatbari Tonekaboni">Tonekaboni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Najaf-Qoli_Khan_Bakhtiari" title="Najaf-Qoli Khan Bakhtiari">Samsam al-Saltaneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad-Ali_Ala_ol-Saltaneh" title="Mohammad-Ali Ala ol-Saltaneh">Ala ol-Saltaneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostowfi_ol-Mamalek" title="Mostowfi ol-Mamalek">Mostowfi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Pirnia" title="Hassan Pirnia">Pirnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdol_Majid_Mirza" title="Abdol Majid Mirza">Eyn-ed-Dowleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostowfi_ol-Mamalek" title="Mostowfi ol-Mamalek">Mostowfi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdol-Hossein_Farman_Farma" title="Abdol-Hossein Farman Farma">Farman Farma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Vali_Khan_Khalatbari_Tonekaboni" title="Mohammad Vali Khan Khalatbari Tonekaboni">Tonekaboni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vosugh_od-Dowleh" title="Vosugh od-Dowleh">Vosugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad-Ali_Ala_ol-Saltaneh" title="Mohammad-Ali Ala ol-Saltaneh">Ala ol-Saltaneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdol_Majid_Mirza" title="Abdol Majid Mirza">Eyn-ed-Dowleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostowfi_ol-Mamalek" title="Mostowfi ol-Mamalek">Mostowfi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Najaf-Qoli_Khan_Bakhtiari" title="Najaf-Qoli Khan Bakhtiari">Samsam al-Saltaneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vosugh_od-Dowleh" title="Vosugh od-Dowleh">Vosugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Pirnia" title="Hassan Pirnia">Pirnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fathollah_Khan_Akbar" title="Fathollah Khan Akbar">Fathollah Khan Akbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zia_ol_Din_Tabatabaee" title="Zia ol Din Tabatabaee">Tabatabaee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Qavam" title="Ahmad Qavam">Qavam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Pirnia" title="Hassan Pirnia">Pirnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Qavam" title="Ahmad Qavam">Qavam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostowfi_ol-Mamalek" title="Mostowfi ol-Mamalek">Mostowfi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Pirnia" title="Hassan Pirnia">Pirnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reza_Shah" title="Reza Shah">Reza Khan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_Iran" title="Pahlavi Iran">Pahlavi Iran</a><br /><span class="nobold">(1925–1979)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Foroughi" title="Mohammad Ali Foroughi">Foroughi</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostowfi_ol-Mamalek" title="Mostowfi ol-Mamalek">Mostowfi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehdi_Qoli_Hedayat" title="Mehdi Qoli Hedayat">Hedayat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Foroughi" title="Mohammad Ali Foroughi">Foroughi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Djam" title="Mahmoud Djam">Djam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Matin-Daftari" title="Ahmad Matin-Daftari">Matin-Daftari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mansur" title="Ali Mansur">A. Mansur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Foroughi" title="Mohammad Ali Foroughi">Foroughi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Soheili" title="Ali Soheili">Soheili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Qavam" title="Ahmad Qavam">Qavam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Soheili" title="Ali Soheili">Soheili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Sa%27ed" title="Mohammad Sa'ed">Sa'ed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morteza-Qoli_Bayat" title="Morteza-Qoli Bayat">Bayat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebrahim_Hakimi" title="Ebrahim Hakimi">Hakimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohsen_Sadr" title="Mohsen Sadr">Sadr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebrahim_Hakimi" title="Ebrahim Hakimi">Hakimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Qavam" title="Ahmad Qavam">Qavam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reza_Hekmat" title="Reza Hekmat">Hekmat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebrahim_Hakimi" title="Ebrahim Hakimi">Hakimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdolhossein_Hazhir" title="Abdolhossein Hazhir">Hazhir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Sa%27ed" title="Mohammad Sa'ed">Sa'ed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mansur" title="Ali Mansur">A. Mansur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haj_Ali_Razmara" title="Haj Ali Razmara">Razmara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khalil_Fahimi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khalil Fahimi (page does not exist)">Fahimi</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hossein_Ala%27" title="Hossein Ala'">Ala'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mosaddegh" title="Mohammad Mosaddegh">Mosaddegh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Qavam" title="Ahmad Qavam">Qavam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mosaddegh" title="Mohammad Mosaddegh">Mosaddegh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazlollah_Zahedi" title="Fazlollah Zahedi">Zahedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hossein_Ala%27" title="Hossein Ala'">Ala'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manouchehr_Eghbal" title="Manouchehr Eghbal">Eghbal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sharif-Emami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Amini" title="Ali Amini">Amini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asadollah_Alam" title="Asadollah Alam">Alam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Ali_Mansur" title="Hassan Ali Mansur">H. Mansur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir-Abbas_Hoveyda" title="Amir-Abbas Hoveyda">Hoveyda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamshid_Amouzegar" title="Jamshid Amouzegar">Amouzegar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sharif-Emami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gholam_Reza_Azhari" title="Gholam Reza Azhari">Azhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shapour_Bakhtiar" title="Shapour Bakhtiar">Bakhtiar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Government_of_Iran" title="Interim Government of Iran">Interim Government of Iran</a><br /><span class="nobold">(1979)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mehdi_Bazargan" title="Mehdi Bazargan">Bazargan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Islamic Republic of Iran</a><br /><span class="nobold">(since 1979)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad-Ali_Rajai" title="Mohammad-Ali Rajai">Rajai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad-Javad_Bahonar" title="Mohammad-Javad Bahonar">Bahonar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad-Reza_Mahdavi_Kani" title="Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani">Mahdavi Kani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir-Hossein_Mousavi" title="Mir-Hossein Mousavi">Mousavi</a></li> <li><i>Post abolished in 1989</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span style="font-size:85%;">*Acting</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ministers_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_Iran" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ministers_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_Iran" title="Template:Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Iran"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ministers_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_Iran" title="Template talk:Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Iran"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ministers_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_Iran" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Iran"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ministers_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_Iran" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Iran)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Iran)">Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Iran</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neshat_Esfahani" title="Neshat Esfahani">Neshat Esfahani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Abolhassan_Khan_Ilchi" title="Mirza Abolhassan Khan Ilchi">Ilchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajj_Mirza_Aghasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hajj Mirza Aghasi">Aghasi</a><sup>a</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Kabir" title="Amir Kabir">Amir Kabir</a><sup>a</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Mohammad-Ali_Khan_Shirazi" title="Mirza Mohammad-Ali Khan Shirazi">Mirza Mohammad-Ali Khan Shirazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeed_Khan_Ansari" class="mw-redirect" title="Saeed Khan Ansari">Ansari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Hosein_Khan_Moshir_od-Dowleh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirza Hosein Khan Moshir od-Dowleh">Moshir od-Dowleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeed_Khan_Ansari" class="mw-redirect" title="Saeed Khan Ansari">Ansari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Nasrullah_Khan" title="Mirza Nasrullah Khan">Nasrullah Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firouz_Nosrat-ed-Dowleh_III" title="Firouz Nosrat-ed-Dowleh III">Nosrat-ed-Dowleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Soheili" title="Ali Soheili">Soheili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozaffar_Alam" title="Mozaffar Alam">Alam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hossein_Ala%27" title="Hossein Ala'">Ala'</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahmoud_Salehi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahmoud Salehi (page does not exist)">Salehi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohsen_Rais" title="Mohsen Rais">Rais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagher_Kazemi" title="Bagher Kazemi">Kazemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hossein_Navab" title="Hossein Navab">Navab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hossein_Fatemi" title="Hossein Fatemi">Fatemi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdol-Hossein_Meftah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdol-Hossein Meftah (page does not exist)">Meftah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazlollah_Zahedi" title="Fazlollah Zahedi">Zahedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Entezam" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdullah Entezam">Entezam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Gholi_Ardalan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali Gholi Ardalan">Ardalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_Aram" title="Abbas Aram">Aram</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sharif-Emami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hossein_Ghods-Nakhai" title="Hossein Ghods-Nakhai">Ghods-Nakhai</a><sup>a</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_Aram" title="Abbas Aram">Aram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardeshir_Zahedi" title="Ardeshir Zahedi">Zahedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_Ali_Khalatbari" title="Abbas Ali Khalatbari">Khalatbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Khosrow_Afshar" title="Amir Khosrow Afshar">Afshar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Mirfendereski" title="Ahmad Mirfendereski">Mirfendereski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karim_Sanjabi" title="Karim Sanjabi">Sanjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehdi_Bazargan" title="Mehdi Bazargan">Bazargan</a><sup>a</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebrahim_Yazdi" title="Ebrahim Yazdi">Yazdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abolhassan_Banisadr" title="Abolhassan Banisadr">Banisadr</a><sup>a</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadegh_Ghotbzadeh" title="Sadegh Ghotbzadeh">Ghotbzadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karim_Khodapanahi" title="Karim Khodapanahi">Khodapanahi</a><sup>a</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad-Ali_Rajai" title="Mohammad-Ali Rajai">Rajai</a><sup>a</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir-Hossein_Mousavi" title="Mir-Hossein Mousavi">Mousavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Akbar_Velayati" title="Ali Akbar Velayati">Velayati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_Kharazi" title="Kamal Kharazi">Kharazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manouchehr_Mottaki" title="Manouchehr Mottaki">Mottaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Akbar_Salehi" title="Ali Akbar Salehi">Salehi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Javad_Zarif" title="Mohammad Javad Zarif">Zarif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hossein_Amir-Abdollahian" title="Hossein Amir-Abdollahian">Amir-Abdollahian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Bagheri" title="Ali Bagheri">Bagheri</a><sup>a</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_Araghchi" title="Abbas Araghchi">Araghchi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>a</sup> Acting</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q951044#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q951044#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q951044#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000066552589">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/74016663">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/306113762">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/478954/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJhCyQ6KHMxRQGhJwJCvpP">WorldCat</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjqKvwtdYQQ9bTkM9Y79wC">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/128379561">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2002044972">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb135568600">France</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb135568542">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb135568600">BnF data</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb135568542">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a 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