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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>1945–present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1945–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Campus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Campus subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Great_Assembly_Hall_(Große_Aula)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Great_Assembly_Hall_(Große_Aula)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Great Assembly Hall (Große Aula)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Great_Assembly_Hall_(Große_Aula)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Academics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Academics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Academics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fields_of_study" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fields_of_study"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Fields of study</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fields_of_study-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Faculties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research_centres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research_centres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Research centres</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research_centres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tuition_and_fees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tuition_and_fees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Tuition and fees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tuition_and_fees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Rankings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-One_Munich_Strategy_Forum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#One_Munich_Strategy_Forum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span><i>One Munich Strategy Forum</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-One_Munich_Strategy_Forum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Munich_International_Summer_University" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Munich_International_Summer_University"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Munich International Summer University</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Munich_International_Summer_University-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_alumni_and_faculty_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_alumni_and_faculty_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable alumni and faculty members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_alumni_and_faculty_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 72 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">72 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit%C3%A4t_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%BA_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جامعة لودفيغ ماكسيميليان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جامعة لودفيغ ماكسيميليان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universid%C3%A1_de_M%C3%BAnich" title="Universidá de Múnich – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Universidá de Múnich" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCnxen_L%C3%BCdviq-Maksimilian_Universiteti" title="Münxen Lüdviq-Maksimilian Universiteti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Münxen Lüdviq-Maksimilian Universiteti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%82_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="لودویق ماکسیمیلیان مونیخ بیلیم‌یوردو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لودویق ماکسیمیلیان مونیخ بیلیم‌یوردو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univ%C3%A9rsitas_Ludwig_Maximilian_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Univérsitas Ludwig Maximilian München – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Univérsitas Ludwig Maximilian München" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%97_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="মিউনিখ লুডভিগ ম্যাক্সিমিলিয়ান বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মিউনিখ লুডভিগ ম্যাক্সিমিলিয়ান বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCnchen_T%C4%81i-ha%CC%8Dk" title="München Tāi-ha̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="München Tāi-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Мюнхендың Людвиг-Максимилиан университеты – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мюнхендың Людвиг-Максимилиан университеты" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Мюнхенскі ўніверсітэт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мюнхенскі ўніверсітэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мюнхэнскі ўнівэрсытэт Людвіга-Максіміляна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мюнхэнскі ўнівэрсытэт Людвіга-Максіміляна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Мюнхенски университет – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мюнхенски университет" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit%C3%A4t_Minga" title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Minga – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Minga" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitat_de_M%C3%BAnic" title="Universitat de Múnic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Universitat de Múnic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit%C3%A4t" title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mnichovsk%C3%A1_univerzita" title="Mnichovská univerzita – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mnichovská univerzita" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prifysgol_Ludwig_Maximilian_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Prifysgol Ludwig Maximilian München – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Prifysgol Ludwig Maximilian München" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit%C3%A4t_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit%C3%A4t_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCncheni_%C3%BClikool" title="Müncheni ülikool – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Müncheni ülikool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9C%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Πανεπιστήμιο του Μονάχου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πανεπιστήμιο του Μονάχου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_de_M%C3%BAnich" title="Universidad de Múnich – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Universidad de Múnich" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munkena_universitato" title="Munkena universitato – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Munkena universitato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municheko_Unibertsitatea" title="Municheko Unibertsitatea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Municheko Unibertsitatea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%AF_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="دانشگاه لودویگ ماکسیمیلیان مونیخ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه لودویگ ماکسیمیلیان مونیخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Louis-et-Maximilien_de_Munich" title="Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilthigh_Mh%C3%BCnchen" title="Oilthigh Mhünchen – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Oilthigh Mhünchen" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_de_M%C3%BAnic" title="Universidade de Múnic – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Universidade de Múnic" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AE%8C%ED%97%A8_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="뮌헨 대학교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뮌헨 대학교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AD%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%BD%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Մյունխենի համալսարան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մյունխենի համալսարան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te_Ludvig_Maksimilijan_u_M%C3%BCnchenu" title="Sveučilište Ludvig Maksimilijan u Münchenu – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sveučilište Ludvig Maksimilijan u Münchenu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Ludwig_Maximilian_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Universitas Ludwig Maximilian München – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Universitas Ludwig Maximilian München" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig-Maximilian-h%C3%A1sk%C3%B3li" title="Ludwig-Maximilian-háskóli – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ludwig-Maximilian-háskóli" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Ludwig_Maximilian_di_Monaco" title="Università Ludwig Maximilian di Monaco – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Università Ludwig Maximilian di Monaco" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%9B%D7%9F" title="אוניברסיטת מינכן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוניברסיטת מינכן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Людвиг-Максимилиан Мюнхен университети – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Людвиг-Максимилиан Мюнхен университети" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Ludovico-Maximilianea_Monacensis" title="Universitas Ludovico-Maximilianea Monacensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Universitas Ludovico-Maximilianea Monacensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludviga_un_Maksimili%C4%81na_Minhenes_universit%C4%81te" title="Ludviga un Maksimiliāna Minhenes universitāte – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ludviga un Maksimiliāna Minhenes universitāte" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit%C3%A4t_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miuncheno_universitetas" title="Miuncheno universitetas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Miuncheno universitetas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lajos%E2%80%93Miksa_Egyetem" title="Lajos–Miksa Egyetem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lajos–Miksa Egyetem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D-%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D" title="ലുഡ്വിഗ്-മാക്സിമിലിയൻ യൂണിവേഴ്സിറ്റി ഓഫ് മ്യൂണിച്ച് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലുഡ്വിഗ്-മാക്സിമിലിയൻ യൂണിവേഴ്സിറ്റി ഓഫ് മ്യൂണിച്ച്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AE" title="جامعة ميونيخ – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جامعة ميونيخ" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%98%D1%85_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Мюнхены Их сургууль – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мюнхены Их сургууль" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Maximilians-Universiteit" title="Ludwig Maximilians-Universiteit – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ludwig Maximilians-Universiteit" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%92%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B7%E3%83%9F%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%98%E3%83%B3" title="ルートヴィヒ・マクシミリアン大学ミュンヘン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルートヴィヒ・マクシミリアン大学ミュンヘン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit%C3%A4t_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyudvig_Maksimilian_nomidagi_Myunxen_universiteti" title="Lyudvig Maksimilian nomidagi Myunxen universiteti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Lyudvig Maksimilian nomidagi Myunxen universiteti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80,_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC" title="ਲੁਡਵਿਗ ਮੈਕਸੀਮਿਲੀਅਨ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ, ਮਿਊਨਿਖ਼ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲੁਡਵਿਗ ਮੈਕਸੀਮਿਲੀਅਨ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ, ਮਿਊਨਿਖ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AE_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="میونخ یونیورسٹی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="میونخ یونیورسٹی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Ludwig_Maximilian_%C3%ABd_M%C3%B9nich" title="Università Ludwig Maximilian ëd Mùnich – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Università Ludwig Maximilian ëd Mùnich" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniwersytet_Ludwika_i_Maksymiliana_w_Monachium" title="Uniwersytet Ludwika i Maksymiliana w Monachium – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Uniwersytet Ludwika i Maksymiliana w Monachium" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_Lu%C3%ADs_Maximiliano_de_Munique" title="Universidade Luís Maximiliano de Munique – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Universidade Luís Maximiliano de Munique" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitatea_din_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Universitatea din München – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Universitatea din München" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Мюнхенский университет – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мюнхенский университет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universiteti_i_Mynihut" title="Universiteti i Mynihut – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Universiteti i Mynihut" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich" title="Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univerza_v_M%C3%BCnchnu" title="Univerza v Münchnu – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Univerza v Münchnu" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univerzitet_Ludvig_Maksimilijan_iz_Minhena" title="Univerzitet Ludvig Maksimilijan iz Minhena – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Univerzitet Ludvig Maksimilijan iz Minhena" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univerzitet_Ludwig_Maximilian_u_M%C3%BCnchenu" title="Univerzitet Ludwig Maximilian u Münchenu – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Univerzitet Ludwig Maximilian u Münchenu" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit%C3%A4t_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCnchens_universitet" title="Münchens universitet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Münchens universitet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibersidad_ng_Munich_Ludwig_Maximilian" title="Unibersidad ng Munich Ludwig Maximilian – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Unibersidad ng Munich Ludwig Maximilian" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மியூனிக் லுட்விக் மேக்சிமிலியன் பல்கலைக்கழகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மியூனிக் லுட்விக் மேக்சிமிலியன் பல்கலைக்கழகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A-%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="มหาวิทยาลัยลูทวิช-มัคซีมีลีอานแห่งมิวนิก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มหาวิทยาลัยลูทวิช-มัคซีมีลีอานแห่งมิวนิก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCnih_Ludwig_Maximilian_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Münih Ludwig Maximilian Üniversitesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Münih Ludwig Maximilian Üniversitesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0_%E2%80%94_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мюнхенський університет Людвіга — Максиміліана – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мюнхенський університет Людвіга — Максиміліана" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_h%E1%BB%8Dc_Ludwig_Maximilian_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Đại học Ludwig Maximilian München – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đại học Ludwig Maximilian München" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibersidad_Ludwig_Maximillian_han_Munich" title="Unibersidad Ludwig Maximillian han Munich – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Unibersidad Ludwig Maximillian han Munich" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%B0%BC%E9%BB%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="慕尼黑大学 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="慕尼黑大学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a 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id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&params=48_09_03_N_11_34_49_E_region:DE-BY_type:edu"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°09′03″N</span> <span class="longitude">11°34′49″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.15083°N 11.58028°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.15083; 11.58028</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Public university in Munich, Germany</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Ludwig Maximilian<br />University of Munich</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname" lang="de"><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München</i></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sigillum_Universitatis_Ludovico-Maximilianeae.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sigillum_Universitatis_Ludovico-Maximilianeae.svg/166px-Sigillum_Universitatis_Ludovico-Maximilianeae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="166" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sigillum_Universitatis_Ludovico-Maximilianeae.svg/249px-Sigillum_Universitatis_Ludovico-Maximilianeae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sigillum_Universitatis_Ludovico-Maximilianeae.svg/332px-Sigillum_Universitatis_Ludovico-Maximilianeae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Universitas Ludovico-Maximilianea Monacensis<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1472<span class="noprint">; 552 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1472</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">€797.4 million (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-facts_and_figures_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-facts_and_figures-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Bernd Huber</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">5,565 (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-facts_and_figures_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-facts_and_figures-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Administrative staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">8,208 (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-facts_and_figures_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-facts_and_figures-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">52,972 <small>(WS 2023/24)</small><sup id="cite_ref-facts_and_figures_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-facts_and_figures-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="state">Bavaria</div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">Germany</div><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&params=48_09_03_N_11_34_49_E_region:DE-BY_type:edu"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°09′03″N</span> <span class="longitude">11°34′49″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.15083°N 11.58028°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.15083; 11.58028</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Laureates" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Laureates">Nobel Laureates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">43 (October 2020)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colours</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Green and white<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#009440; color:black;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white; color:black;"> </span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li><a href="/wiki/German_Excellence_Universities" class="mw-redirect" title="German Excellence Universities">German Excellence Universities</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Europaeum" title="Europaeum">Europaeum</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/LERU" class="mw-redirect" title="LERU">LERU</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lmu.de/en/">lmu.de</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LMU_Muenchen_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="University of Munich logo"><img alt="University of Munich logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/LMU_Muenchen_Logo.svg/200px-LMU_Muenchen_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/LMU_Muenchen_Logo.svg/300px-LMU_Muenchen_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/LMU_Muenchen_Logo.svg/400px-LMU_Muenchen_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="398" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich</b> (simply <b>University of Munich</b>, <b>LMU</b> or <b>LMU Munich</b>; German: <i lang="de">Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>. Originally established as the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Ingolstadt" title="University of Ingolstadt">University of Ingolstadt</a> in 1472 by Duke <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_IX_of_Bavaria-Landshut" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludwig IX of Bavaria-Landshut">Ludwig IX of Bavaria-Landshut</a>, it is Germany's <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Germany" title="List of universities in Germany">sixth-oldest university</a> in continuous operation.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1800, the university was moved from Ingolstadt to <a href="/wiki/Landshut" title="Landshut">Landshut</a> by King <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I_Joseph_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria">Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria</a> when the city was threatened by the French, before being transferred to its present-day location in Munich in 1826 by King <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_I_of_Bavaria" title="Ludwig I of Bavaria">Ludwig I of Bavaria</a>. In 1802, the university was officially named <b>Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität</b> by King Maximilian I of Bavaria in honor of himself and Ludwig IX.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>LMU is currently the second-largest university in Germany in terms of student population; in the 2023/24 winter semester, the university had a total of 52,972 matriculated students. Of these, 10,138 were freshmen, while international students totaled 2,859 or approximately 28% of the student population. As for the operating budget, the university records in 2022 a total of 797.4 million euros in funding without the university hospital; with the university hospital, the university has a total funding amounting to approximately 2.18 billion euros.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2023,<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> the University of Munich is associated with <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_university_affiliation" title="List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation">44 Nobel laureates</a>. Among these were <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Wilhelm Röntgen">Wilhelm Röntgen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Werner Heisenberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Thomas Mann</a>. Notable alumni, faculty and researchers include <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Peierls" title="Rudolf Peierls">Rudolf Peierls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Josef_Mengele" title="Josef Mengele">Josef Mengele</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Richard Strauss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Benjamin" title="Walter Benjamin">Walter Benjamin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Campbell" title="Joseph Campbell">Joseph Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Iqbal" title="Muhammad Iqbal">Muhammad Iqbal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marie_Stopes" title="Marie Stopes">Marie Stopes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Wolfgang Pauli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a>, <a href="/wiki/Max_Horkheimer" title="Max Horkheimer">Max Horkheimer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Loewenstein" title="Karl Loewenstein">Karl Loewenstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Schmitt" title="Carl Schmitt">Carl Schmitt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Radbruch" title="Gustav Radbruch">Gustav Radbruch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Cassirer" title="Ernst Cassirer">Ernst Cassirer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Bloch" title="Ernst Bloch">Ernst Bloch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a>. LMU has recently been conferred the title of "University of Excellence" under the <a href="/wiki/German_Universities_Excellence_Initiative" title="German Universities Excellence Initiative">German Universities Excellence Initiative</a>, and is a member of <a href="/wiki/U15_(German_universities)" title="U15 (German universities)">U15</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="League of European Research Universities">LERU</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1472–1800"><span id="1472.E2.80.931800"></span>1472–1800</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1472–1800"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lmu_ingolstadt_pfruendnerhaus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lmu_ingolstadt_pfruendnerhaus.jpg/220px-Lmu_ingolstadt_pfruendnerhaus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lmu_ingolstadt_pfruendnerhaus.jpg/330px-Lmu_ingolstadt_pfruendnerhaus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lmu_ingolstadt_pfruendnerhaus.jpg/440px-Lmu_ingolstadt_pfruendnerhaus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="535" data-file-height="412" /></a><figcaption>University buildings in <a href="/wiki/Ingolstadt" title="Ingolstadt">Ingolstadt</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Ingolstadt" title="University of Ingolstadt">University of Ingolstadt</a></div> <p>The university was founded with papal approval in 1472 as the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Ingolstadt" title="University of Ingolstadt">University of Ingolstadt</a> (foundation right of <a href="/wiki/Louis_IX,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria">Louis IX the Rich</a>), with faculties of philosophy, medicine, jurisprudence and theology. Its first rector was <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_I_Mendel_of_Steinfels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher I Mendel of Steinfels (page does not exist)">Christopher Mendel of Steinfels</a>, who later became <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Chiemsee" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Chiemsee">bishop of Chiemsee</a>. </p><p>In the period of <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_humanism_in_Northern_Europe" title="Renaissance humanism in Northern Europe">German humanism</a>, the university's academics included names such as <a href="/wiki/Conrad_Celtes" title="Conrad Celtes">Conrad Celtes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petrus_Apianus" title="Petrus Apianus">Petrus Apianus</a>. The theologian <a href="/wiki/Johann_Eck" title="Johann Eck">Johann Eck</a> also taught at the university. From 1549 to 1773, the university was influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Jesuits</a> and became one of the centres of the <a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Counter-Reformation</a>. The Jesuit <a href="/wiki/Peter_Canisius" title="Peter Canisius">Petrus Canisius</a> served as rector of the university. </p><p>At the end of the 18th century, the university was influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a>, which led to a stronger emphasis on <a href="/wiki/Natural_science" title="Natural science">natural science</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1800–1933"><span id="1800.E2.80.931933"></span>1800–1933</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1800–1933"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moritz_Kellerhoven,_K%C3%B6nig_Max_I._von_Bayern.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Moritz_Kellerhoven%2C_K%C3%B6nig_Max_I._von_Bayern.jpg/170px-Moritz_Kellerhoven%2C_K%C3%B6nig_Max_I._von_Bayern.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Moritz_Kellerhoven%2C_K%C3%B6nig_Max_I._von_Bayern.jpg/255px-Moritz_Kellerhoven%2C_K%C3%B6nig_Max_I._von_Bayern.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Moritz_Kellerhoven%2C_K%C3%B6nig_Max_I._von_Bayern.jpg/340px-Moritz_Kellerhoven%2C_K%C3%B6nig_Max_I._von_Bayern.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2512" data-file-height="2960" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I_Joseph_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria">Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria</a>, after whom the University of Munich was renamed in 1802</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baeyer-Volhard_LMU_1877.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Baeyer-Volhard_LMU_1877.jpg/220px-Baeyer-Volhard_LMU_1877.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Baeyer-Volhard_LMU_1877.jpg/330px-Baeyer-Volhard_LMU_1877.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Baeyer-Volhard_LMU_1877.jpg/440px-Baeyer-Volhard_LMU_1877.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3099" data-file-height="2645" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Adolf_von_Baeyer" title="Adolf von Baeyer">Adolf von Baeyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Emil_Fischer" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermann Emil Fischer">Emil Fischer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Volhard" title="Jacob Volhard">Jacob Volhard</a> and other chemists at LMU in 1877</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1800, the Prince-Elector Maximilian IV Joseph (the later <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I_Joseph_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria">Maximilian I, King</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>) moved the university to <a href="/wiki/Landshut" title="Landshut">Landshut</a>, due to French aggression that threatened Ingolstadt during the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>. In 1802, the university was renamed the Ludwig Maximilian University in honour of its two founders, <a href="/wiki/Louis_IX,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria">Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Elector_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria">Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria</a>. The Minister of Education, <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_von_Montgelas" title="Maximilian von Montgelas">Maximilian von Montgelas</a>, initiated a number of reforms that sought to modernize the rather conservative and Jesuit-influenced university. In 1826, it was moved to <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bavaria" title="Kingdom of Bavaria">Kingdom of Bavaria</a>. The university was situated in the <a href="/wiki/Old_Academy_(Munich)" title="Old Academy (Munich)">Old Academy</a> until a new building in the <a href="/wiki/Ludwigstra%C3%9Fe_(Munich)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludwigstraße (Munich)">Ludwigstraße</a> was completed. The locals were somewhat critical of the number of Protestant professors Maximilian and later Ludwig I invited to Munich. They were dubbed the "Nordlichter" (northern lights), and especially physician <a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_von_Ringseis" title="Johann Nepomuk von Ringseis">Johann Nepomuk von Ringseis</a> was quite angry about them.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M%C3%BCnchen_Amalienstra%C3%9Fe_bei_Universit%C3%A4t.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/M%C3%BCnchen_Amalienstra%C3%9Fe_bei_Universit%C3%A4t.jpg/220px-M%C3%BCnchen_Amalienstra%C3%9Fe_bei_Universit%C3%A4t.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/M%C3%BCnchen_Amalienstra%C3%9Fe_bei_Universit%C3%A4t.jpg/330px-M%C3%BCnchen_Amalienstra%C3%9Fe_bei_Universit%C3%A4t.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/M%C3%BCnchen_Amalienstra%C3%9Fe_bei_Universit%C3%A4t.jpg/440px-M%C3%BCnchen_Amalienstra%C3%9Fe_bei_Universit%C3%A4t.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2833" data-file-height="1841" /></a><figcaption>View of the University of Munich from Amalienstrasse around 1900</figcaption></figure> <p>In the second half of the 19th century, the university rose to great prominence in the European scientific community, attracting many of the world's leading scientists. It was also a period of great expansion. From 1903, women were allowed to study at Bavarian universities, and by 1918, the female proportion of students at LMU had reached 18%. In 1918, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adele_Hartmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adele Hartmann (page does not exist)">Adele Hartmann</a> became the first woman in Germany to earn the <a href="/wiki/Habilitation" title="Habilitation">Habilitation</a> (higher doctorate), at LMU. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Weimar Republic</a>, the university continued to be one of the world's leading universities, with professors such as <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Wilhelm Röntgen">Wilhelm Röntgen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wilhelm Wien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Willst%C3%A4tter" title="Richard Willstätter">Richard Willstätter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Sommerfeld" title="Arnold Sommerfeld">Arnold Sommerfeld</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Sauerbruch" title="Ferdinand Sauerbruch">Ferdinand Sauerbruch</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1933–1945"><span id="1933.E2.80.931945"></span>1933–1945</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1933–1945"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/University_education_in_Nazi_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="University education in Nazi Germany">University education in Nazi Germany</a></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Third Reich</a>, academic freedom was severely curtailed. In 1943, the <a href="/wiki/White_Rose" title="White Rose">White Rose</a> group, consisting of anti-Nazi students, carried out a campaign opposing the National Socialists at this institution. The university subsequently removed Kurt Huber, a Nazi opposition fighter, from his position and revoked his doctorate upon his arrest. </p><p>Between 1933 and 1936, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Escherich" title="Karl Escherich">Karl Escherich</a> served as rector at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, followed by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leopold_K%C3%B6lbl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leopold Kölbl (page does not exist)">Leopold Kölbl</a> from 1936 to 1938, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philipp_Broemser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philipp Broemser (page does not exist)">Philipp Broemser</a> from 1938 to 1941, and finally, <a href="/wiki/Walther_W%C3%BCst" title="Walther Wüst">Walther Wüst</a> from 1941 to 1945. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1945–present"><span id="1945.E2.80.93present"></span>1945–present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1945–present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:817px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2017_LMU_1-4_rectlinear.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of the main building of LMU from Professor-Huber-Platz in 2017"><img alt="View of the main building of LMU from Professor-Huber-Platz in 2017" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/2017_LMU_1-4_rectlinear.jpg/809px-2017_LMU_1-4_rectlinear.jpg" decoding="async" width="809" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/2017_LMU_1-4_rectlinear.jpg/1214px-2017_LMU_1-4_rectlinear.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/2017_LMU_1-4_rectlinear.jpg/1618px-2017_LMU_1-4_rectlinear.jpg 2x" data-file-width="15177" data-file-height="3752" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:2017_LMU_1-4_rectlinear.jpg" title="File:2017 LMU 1-4 rectlinear.jpg"> </a></div>View of the main building of LMU from Professor-Huber-Platz in 2017</div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lmu_lichthof_treppe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Lmu_lichthof_treppe.jpg/220px-Lmu_lichthof_treppe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Lmu_lichthof_treppe.jpg/330px-Lmu_lichthof_treppe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Lmu_lichthof_treppe.jpg/440px-Lmu_lichthof_treppe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3357" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>The <i>Lichthof</i> (atrium)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LMU,_Gang_1._OG.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/LMU%2C_Gang_1._OG.JPG/170px-LMU%2C_Gang_1._OG.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/LMU%2C_Gang_1._OG.JPG/255px-LMU%2C_Gang_1._OG.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/LMU%2C_Gang_1._OG.JPG/340px-LMU%2C_Gang_1._OG.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2397" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Colonnade in the first floor</figcaption></figure> <p>The university has continued to be one of the leading universities of <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> and in the post-reunification era. In the late 1960s, the university was the scene of protests by radical students. </p><p>Today, the University of Munich is part of 24 Collaborative Research Centers funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and is host university of 13 of them. It also hosts 12 DFG Research Training Groups and three international doctorate programs as part of the Elite Network of Bavaria, an educational policy concept of <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a> for the promotion of gifted pupils and students in the higher education sector. It attracts an additional 120 million euros per year in outside funding and is intensively involved in national and international funding initiatives. </p><p>LMU Munich has a wide range of degree programs, with 150 subjects available in numerous combinations. 15% of the 45,000 students who attend the university come from abroad. </p><p>In 2005, Germany's state and federal governments launched the <a href="/wiki/German_Universities_Excellence_Initiative" title="German Universities Excellence Initiative">German Universities Excellence Initiative</a>, a contest among its universities. With a total of 1.9 billion euros, 75 percent of which comes from the federal state, its architects aim to strategically promote top-level research and scholarship. The money is given to more than 30 research universities in Germany. </p><p>The initiative will fund three project-oriented areas: graduate schools to promote the next generation of scholars, clusters of excellence to promote cutting-edge research, and "future concepts" for the project-based expansion of academic excellence at universities as a whole. In order to qualify for this third area, a university had to have at least one internationally recognized academic <a href="/wiki/Center_of_excellence" title="Center of excellence">center of excellence</a> and a new graduate school. After the first round of selections, LMU Munich was invited to submit applications for all three funding lines. It entered the competition with proposals for two graduate schools and four clusters of excellence. </p><p>On Friday 13 October 2006, a blue-ribbon panel announced the results of the Germany-wide Excellence Initiative for promoting top university research and education. The panel, composed of the <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Forschungsgemeinschaft" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft">German Research Foundation</a> and the German Science Council, has decided that LMU Munich will receive funding for all three areas covered by the Initiative: one graduate school, three "excellence clusters" and general funding for the university's "future concept". </p><p>In January 2012, scientists at the Ludwig Maximilian University published details of the most sensitive listening device known so far. This has led to the college being inducted into the Guinness Book of World Records.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2018, the Munich public prosecutor's office investigated a university vice president on suspicion of embezzlement. The vice president should have claimed "excessive travel expenses".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following year, veterinary students reported that the LMU violated animal welfare standards. According to them, the LMU keeps pigs in tight grid boxes, so that some animals showed scratches, bumps and respiratory diseases from lying down. Students who reported these circumstances said that they were threatened with deregistration from the university.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the beginning of 2020, the LMU locked around 80 students in a room who wanted to discuss the topic "Climate Burns, University Burns," about why universities are doing research for companies that are harmful to the <a href="/wiki/Climate" title="Climate">climate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus">Campus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Campus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LMU_Muenchen_Standortkarte.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/LMU_Muenchen_Standortkarte.png/220px-LMU_Muenchen_Standortkarte.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/LMU_Muenchen_Standortkarte.png/330px-LMU_Muenchen_Standortkarte.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/LMU_Muenchen_Standortkarte.png/440px-LMU_Muenchen_Standortkarte.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1386" /></a><figcaption>LMU's institutes and research centers are spread throughout Munich.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Entrance_to_LMU_Munich_main_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Entrance_to_LMU_Munich_main_building.jpg/220px-Entrance_to_LMU_Munich_main_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Entrance_to_LMU_Munich_main_building.jpg/330px-Entrance_to_LMU_Munich_main_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Entrance_to_LMU_Munich_main_building.jpg/440px-Entrance_to_LMU_Munich_main_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption>Entrance to LMU's main building</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M%C3%BCnchen-_U-Bahnhof_Universit%C3%A4t-_auf_Bahnsteig_zu_Gleis_2_1.4.2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/M%C3%BCnchen-_U-Bahnhof_Universit%C3%A4t-_auf_Bahnsteig_zu_Gleis_2_1.4.2010.jpg/220px-M%C3%BCnchen-_U-Bahnhof_Universit%C3%A4t-_auf_Bahnsteig_zu_Gleis_2_1.4.2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/M%C3%BCnchen-_U-Bahnhof_Universit%C3%A4t-_auf_Bahnsteig_zu_Gleis_2_1.4.2010.jpg/330px-M%C3%BCnchen-_U-Bahnhof_Universit%C3%A4t-_auf_Bahnsteig_zu_Gleis_2_1.4.2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/M%C3%BCnchen-_U-Bahnhof_Universit%C3%A4t-_auf_Bahnsteig_zu_Gleis_2_1.4.2010.jpg/440px-M%C3%BCnchen-_U-Bahnhof_Universit%C3%A4t-_auf_Bahnsteig_zu_Gleis_2_1.4.2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4224" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A4t_(Munich_U-Bahn)" class="mw-redirect" title="Universität (Munich U-Bahn)">Underground station Universität</a> serves LMU's main campus via lines <a href="/wiki/Munich_U-Bahn#U3" title="Munich U-Bahn">U3</a>/<a href="/wiki/Munich_U-Bahn#U6" title="Munich U-Bahn">U6</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Klinikum_Grosshadern_Sued.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Klinikum_Grosshadern_Sued.png/220px-Klinikum_Grosshadern_Sued.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Klinikum_Grosshadern_Sued.png/330px-Klinikum_Grosshadern_Sued.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Klinikum_Grosshadern_Sued.png/440px-Klinikum_Grosshadern_Sued.png 2x" data-file-width="3405" data-file-height="2020" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Klinikum_Gro%C3%9Fhadern" class="mw-redirect" title="Klinikum Großhadern">LMU Klinikum – Campus Großhadern</a>, the hospital</figcaption></figure> <p>LMU's institutes and research centers are spread throughout Munich, with several buildings located in the suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Oberschlei%C3%9Fheim" title="Oberschleißheim">Oberschleissheim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Garching_bei_M%C3%BCnchen" class="mw-redirect" title="Garching bei München">Garching</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Maisach" title="Maisach">Maisach</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bad_T%C3%B6lz" title="Bad Tölz">Bad Tölz</a>. The university's main buildings are grouped around Geschwister-Scholl-Platz and Professor-Huber-Platz on <a href="/wiki/Ludwigstrasse" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludwigstrasse">Ludwigstrasse</a>, extending into side streets such as Akademiestraße, Schellingstraße, and Veterinärstraße. Other large campuses and institutes are located in <a href="/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fhadern" title="Großhadern">Großhadern</a> (<a href="/wiki/Klinikum_Gro%C3%9Fhadern" class="mw-redirect" title="Klinikum Großhadern">Klinikum Großhadern</a>), <a href="/wiki/Martinsried" title="Martinsried">Martinsried</a> (chemistry and biotechnology campus), the Ludwigsvorstadt (Klinikum Innenstadt) and in the <a href="/wiki/Altstadt-Lehel#Lehel" title="Altstadt-Lehel">Lehel</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Institutsgeb%C3%A4ude_am_Englischen_Garten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institutsgebäude am Englischen Garten (page does not exist)">Institut am Englischen Garten</a>), across from the main buildings, through the <a href="/wiki/Englischer_Garten" title="Englischer Garten">Englischer Garten</a>. </p><p>The university's main building is situated in <a href="/wiki/Geschwister-Scholl-Platz" title="Geschwister-Scholl-Platz">Geschwister-Scholl-Platz</a> and the university's main campus is served by the <a href="/wiki/Munich_U-Bahn" title="Munich U-Bahn">Munich subway</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A4t_(Munich_U-Bahn)" class="mw-redirect" title="Universität (Munich U-Bahn)">Universität</a> station. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Great_Assembly_Hall_(Große_Aula)"><span id="Great_Assembly_Hall_.28Gro.C3.9Fe_Aula.29"></span>Great Assembly Hall (Große Aula)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Great Assembly Hall (Große Aula)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lmu_grosse_aula.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Lmu_grosse_aula.jpg/220px-Lmu_grosse_aula.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Lmu_grosse_aula.jpg/330px-Lmu_grosse_aula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Lmu_grosse_aula.jpg/440px-Lmu_grosse_aula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5944" data-file-height="2437" /></a><figcaption>Große Aula</figcaption></figure> <p>The große Aula is located in the university main building at Ludwigstraße in Munich. The Aula was constructed as part of the main building by <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_von_G%C3%A4rtner" title="Friedrich von Gärtner">Friedrich von Gärtner</a> and completed in 1840. The hall is situated in the first <a href="/wiki/Storey#European_scheme" title="Storey">floor</a> and extends to the second floor. </p><p>The Aula was not destroyed during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and, thus, is one of few usable pre war venues in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>. The Aula was used for the first performances of concerts after the war. Furthermore, it was venue for the constituent assembly of the state of <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, where the current Bavarian constitution was enacted.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, the Aula hosts mainly concerts, talks and lectures. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academics">Academics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Academics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fields_of_study">Fields of study</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Fields of study"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite the <a href="/wiki/Bologna_Process" title="Bologna Process">Bologna Process</a> which saw the demise of most traditional academic-degree courses such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Diplom" title="Diplom">Diplom</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">Magister Artium</a></i> in favour of the more internationally known <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">Bachelors</a> and <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree" title="Master's degree">Masters</a> system, the University of Munich continues to offer more than 100 areas of study with numerous combinations of majors and minors.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In line with the university's internationalisation as a popular destination for tertiary studies, an increasing number of courses mainly at the graduate and post-graduate levels are also available in English to cater to international students who may have little or no background in the German language.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some notable subject areas which currently offer programmes in English include various fields of <a href="/wiki/Psychology" title="Psychology">psychology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">physics</a> as well as business and management.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faculties">Faculties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Faculties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edificio_principal,_Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico,_M%C3%BAnich,_Alemania_2012-04-21,_DD_04.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Edificio_principal%2C_Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania_2012-04-21%2C_DD_04.JPG/220px-Edificio_principal%2C_Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania_2012-04-21%2C_DD_04.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Edificio_principal%2C_Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania_2012-04-21%2C_DD_04.JPG/330px-Edificio_principal%2C_Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania_2012-04-21%2C_DD_04.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Edificio_principal%2C_Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania_2012-04-21%2C_DD_04.JPG/440px-Edificio_principal%2C_Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico%2C_M%C3%BAnich%2C_Alemania_2012-04-21%2C_DD_04.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5527" data-file-height="3684" /></a><figcaption>LMU's Institute of Systematic Botany is located at <a href="/wiki/Botanischer_Garten_M%C3%BCnchen-Nymphenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg">Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chemistry_faculty_of_the_LMU_2003.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Chemistry_faculty_of_the_LMU_2003.JPG/220px-Chemistry_faculty_of_the_LMU_2003.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Chemistry_faculty_of_the_LMU_2003.JPG/330px-Chemistry_faculty_of_the_LMU_2003.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Chemistry_faculty_of_the_LMU_2003.JPG/440px-Chemistry_faculty_of_the_LMU_2003.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2240" data-file-height="1680" /></a><figcaption>Faculty of chemistry buildings at the <a href="/wiki/Martinsried" title="Martinsried">Martinsried</a> campus of LMU Munich</figcaption></figure> <p>The university consists of 18 faculties which oversee various departments and institutes.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The official numbering of the faculties and the missing numbers 06 and 14 are the result of breakups and mergers of faculties in the past. The Faculty of Forestry Operations with number 06 has been integrated into the <a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Munich" title="Technical University of Munich">Technical University of Munich</a> in 1999 and faculty number 14 has been merged with faculty number 13.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2023)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul><li>01 Faculty of <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Theology</a></li> <li>02 Faculty of <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant Theology</a></li> <li>03 Faculty of Law</li> <li>04 Faculty of <a href="/wiki/Business_administration" title="Business administration">Business Administration</a></li> <li>05 Faculty of Economics</li> <li>07 Faculty of Medicine</li> <li>08 Faculty of <a href="/wiki/Veterinary_medicine" title="Veterinary medicine">Veterinary Medicine</a></li> <li>09 Faculty for History and the Arts</li> <li>10 Faculty of Philosophy, Philosophy of Science and Study of Religion</li> <li>11 Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences</li> <li>12 Faculty for the Study of Culture</li> <li>13 Faculty for Languages and Literatures</li> <li>15 Faculty of <a href="/wiki/Social_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Sciences">Social Sciences</a></li> <li>16 Faculty of Mathematics, <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">Computer Science</a> and Statistics</li> <li>17 Faculty of <a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">Physics</a></li> <li>18 Faculty of <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">Chemistry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pharmacy" title="Pharmacy">Pharmacy</a></li> <li>19 Faculty of <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">Biology</a></li> <li>20 Faculty of <a href="/wiki/Earth_science" title="Earth science">Geosciences</a> and <a href="/wiki/Environmental_science" title="Environmental science">Environmental Sciences</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research_centres">Research centres</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Research centres"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LMU_M%C3%BCnchen_-_Audimax2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/LMU_M%C3%BCnchen_-_Audimax2.JPG/220px-LMU_M%C3%BCnchen_-_Audimax2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/LMU_M%C3%BCnchen_-_Audimax2.JPG/330px-LMU_M%C3%BCnchen_-_Audimax2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/LMU_M%C3%BCnchen_-_Audimax2.JPG/440px-LMU_M%C3%BCnchen_-_Audimax2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Audimax</figcaption></figure> <p>In addition to its 18 faculties, the University of Munich also maintains numerous research centres involved in numerous cross-faculty and transdisciplinary projects to complement its various academic programmes.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of these research centres were a result of cooperation between the university and renowned external partners from academia and industry; the <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Carson_Center_for_Environment_and_Society" title="Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society">Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society</a>, for example, was established through a joint initiative between LMU Munich and the <a href="/wiki/Deutsches_Museum" title="Deutsches Museum">Deutsches Museum</a>, while the Parmenides Center for the Study of Thinking resulted from the collaboration between the <a href="/wiki/Parmenides_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Parmenides Foundation">Parmenides Foundation</a> and LMU Munich's Human Science Center.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some of the research centres which have been established include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Integrated_Protein_Science_Munich" title="Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich">Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich</a> (CIPSM)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Graduate_School_of_Systemic_Neurosciences&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (page does not exist)">Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences</a> (GSN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmholtz_Zentrum_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Helmholtz Zentrum München">Helmholtz Zentrum München</a> – German Research Center for Environmental Health</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanosystems_Initiative_Munich" title="Nanosystems Initiative Munich">Nanosystems Initiative Munich</a> (NIM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmenides_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Parmenides Foundation">Parmenides</a> Center for the Study of Thinking</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Carson_Center_for_Environment_and_Society" title="Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society">Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tuition_and_fees">Tuition and fees</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Tuition and fees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Universities in Bavaria do not charge tuition fees. Instead, a mandatory semester fee has to be paid that is fully transferred to the student union for providing, amongst other services, housing and lunch options for students. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rankings">Rankings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Rankings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings" title="College and university rankings">University rankings</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;">Overall – Global & National</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style=";text-align:left;width: 99%"> <b><i><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a></i> World</b> 2025<sup id="cite_ref-QS_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QS-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style=";text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; border-right: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-right: 0.5em"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 59</td><td style=";text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 0.5em"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style=";text-align:left;width: 99%"> <b><i><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a></i> World</b> 2025<sup id="cite_ref-THE_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-THE-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style=";text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; border-right: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-right: 0.5em"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> =38</td><td style=";text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 0.5em"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style=";text-align:left;width: 99%"> <b><i><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a></i> World</b> 2024<sup id="cite_ref-ARWU_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARWU-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style=";text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; border-right: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-right: 0.5em"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 43</td><td style=";text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 0.5em"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =1</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="display:none;text-align:left;width: 99%"> <b><i><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a></i> Europe</b><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td><td style="display:none;text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; border-right: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-right: 0.5em"></td><td style="display:none;text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 0.5em"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="display:none;text-align:left;width: 99%"> <b><i><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a></i> Employability</b><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td><td style="display:none;text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; border-right: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-right: 0.5em"></td><td style="display:none;text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 0.5em"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="display:none;text-align:left;width: 99%"> <b><i><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a></i> Employability</b><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td><td style="display:none;text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; border-right: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding-right: 0.5em"></td><td style="display:none;text-align:center;white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 0.5em"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The 2025 <a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS World University Rankings</a> rank LMU Munich 59th overall in the world and 2nd in Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-QS_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QS-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 2024 QS Subject Rankings, the university is highly ranked in the arts and humanities, natural sciences, and life sciences and medicine.<sup id="cite_ref-QSSubject_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QSSubject-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">Times Higher Education Ranking</a> 2024 ranks LMU Munich 2nd in Germany, and 38th in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-THE_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-THE-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 2023 THE subject rankings, LMU is ranked first in Germany in the arts and humanities, law, and psychology.<sup id="cite_ref-THESubject_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-THESubject-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">Academic Ranking of World Universities</a> ranks LMU Munich joint 2nd nationally and 59th in the world as of 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-ARWU_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARWU-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the subjects of physics, education, communication, public administration, and hospitality, it is ranked first in Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-ARWUSubject_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARWUSubject-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018 and 2019, the LMU took 1st place based on the number of <a href="/wiki/DAX" title="DAX">DAX</a> <a href="/wiki/Board_of_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of management">board of management</a> members.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Klaus_Hansen_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Klaus_Hansen-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The top 3 universities in 2019 were the LMU Munich, the <a href="/wiki/RWTH_Aachen_University" title="RWTH Aachen University">RWTH Aachen</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Technische_Universit%C3%A4t_Darmstadt" title="Technische Universität Darmstadt">Technische Universität Darmstadt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Klaus_Hansen_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Klaus_Hansen-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the funding report of the <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Forschungsgemeinschaft" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft">German Research Foundation</a> (DFG) of 2021, which breaks down the grants from 2017 to 2019, LMU Munich ranked 1st among German universities. By area, it ranked 1st in the <a href="/wiki/List_of_life_sciences" title="List of life sciences">life sciences</a>, 2nd in the <a href="/wiki/Humanities" title="Humanities">humanities</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_science" title="Social science">social sciences</a>, and 6th in the <a href="/wiki/Natural_science" title="Natural science">natural sciences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2018 Expertscape recognized it as one of the top ten institutions in the world in <a href="/wiki/Pancreatic_cancer" title="Pancreatic cancer">pancreatic cancer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rank_pancreatic_neoplasms_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rank_pancreatic_neoplasms-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; font-size: 90%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a> World University Rankings by Subject 2024<sup id="cite_ref-QSSubject_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QSSubject-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Subject</th> <th>Global</th> <th>National </th></tr> <tr> <th><div style="float:left;">Arts & Humanities</div> </th> <th data-sort-value="38"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =38 </th> <th data-sort-value="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 2 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Linguistics </td> <td data-sort-value="65"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =65</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2–3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 2–3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Theology, Divinity and Religious Studies </td> <td data-sort-value="24"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 24</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Archaeology </td> <td data-sort-value="36"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =36</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="5"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Classics and Ancient History </td> <td data-sort-value="8"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 8</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>English Language and Literature </td> <td data-sort-value="59"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 59</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>History </td> <td data-sort-value="27"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 27</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 2</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Modern Languages </td> <td data-sort-value="45"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 45</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Philosophy </td> <td data-sort-value="6"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 6</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th><div style="float:left;">Engineering and Technology</div> </th> <th data-sort-value="216"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =216 </th> <th data-sort-value="8"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 8 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Computer Science and Information Systems </td> <td data-sort-value="90"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 90</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th><div style="float:left;">Life Sciences & Medicine</div> </th> <th data-sort-value="46"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =46 </th> <th data-sort-value="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Anatomy and Physiology </td> <td data-sort-value="37"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 37</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Biological Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="26"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 26</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dentistry </td> <td data-sort-value="51–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 51–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1–4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1–4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Medicine </td> <td data-sort-value="38"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =38</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pharmacy and Pharmacology </td> <td data-sort-value="55"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 55</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Psychology </td> <td data-sort-value="47"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =47</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Veterinary Science </td> <td data-sort-value="39"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 39</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th><div style="float:left;">Natural Sciences</div> </th> <th data-sort-value="42"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =42 </th> <th data-sort-value="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 2 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Chemistry </td> <td data-sort-value="48"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =48</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Earth and Marine Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="51–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 51–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1–7"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 1–7</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Environmental Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="151–200"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 151–200</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="7–11"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 7–11</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Geography </td> <td data-sort-value="101–150"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 101–150</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3–6"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 3–6</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Geology </td> <td data-sort-value="51–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 51–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1–6"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 1–6</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Geophysics </td> <td data-sort-value="51–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 51–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1–7"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1–7</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Materials Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="101–150"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 101–150</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="7–8"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7–8</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mathematics </td> <td data-sort-value="114"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =114</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="5"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 5</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Physics and Astronomy </td> <td data-sort-value="32"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =32</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th><div style="float:left;">Social Sciences & Management</div> </th> <th data-sort-value="93"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =93 </th> <th data-sort-value="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Accounting and Finance </td> <td data-sort-value="92"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="New entry"><img alt="New entry" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/New.png/16px-New.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/New.png 1.5x" data-file-width="23" data-file-height="12" /></span></span> 92</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="New entry"><img alt="New entry" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/New.png/16px-New.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/New.png 1.5x" data-file-width="23" data-file-height="12" /></span></span> 2</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Anthropology </td> <td data-sort-value="51–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 51–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2–5"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 2–5</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Business and Management Studies </td> <td data-sort-value="151–200"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 151–200</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Communication and Media Studies </td> <td data-sort-value="23"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 23</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Economics and Econometrics </td> <td data-sort-value="41"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 41</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Education and Training </td> <td data-sort-value="101–150"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 101–150</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2–4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2–4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Law and Legal Studies </td> <td data-sort-value="43"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =43</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Politics </td> <td data-sort-value="51–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 51–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2–4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2–4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Social Policy and Administration </td> <td data-sort-value="101–130"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 101–130</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sociology </td> <td data-sort-value="77"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =77</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Statistics and Operational Research </td> <td data-sort-value="51–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 51–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3–5"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 3–5</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; font-size: 90%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a> World University Rankings by Subject 2024<sup id="cite_ref-THESubject_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-THESubject-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Subject</th> <th>Global</th> <th>National </th></tr> <tr> <td>Arts & humanities </td> <td data-sort-value="15"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 15</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Business & economics </td> <td data-sort-value="36"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 36</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 2</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Clinical & health </td> <td data-sort-value="50"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 50</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Computer science </td> <td data-sort-value="62"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 62</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Education </td> <td data-sort-value="61"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 61</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Law </td> <td data-sort-value="25"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 25</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Life sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="41"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 41</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Physical sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="27"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 27</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Psychology </td> <td data-sort-value="23"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 23</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Social sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="61"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> =61</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; font-size: 90%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a> Global Ranking of Academic Subjects 2023<sup id="cite_ref-ARWUSubject_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARWUSubject-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Subject</th> <th>Global</th> <th>National </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Natural Sciences </th></tr> <tr> <td>Mathematics </td> <td data-sort-value="101–150"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 101–150</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="6–9"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 6–9</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Physics </td> <td data-sort-value="36"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 36</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chemistry </td> <td data-sort-value="101–150"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 101–150</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="5–9"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 5–9</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Earth Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="76–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 76–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3–4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 3–4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Geography </td> <td data-sort-value="201–300"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 201–300</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="10–15"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 10–15</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ecology </td> <td data-sort-value="201–300"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 201–300</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="17–27"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 17–27</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Atmospheric Science </td> <td data-sort-value="101–150"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 101–150</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="6–9"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 6–9</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Engineering </th></tr> <tr> <td>Electrical & Electronic Engineering </td> <td data-sort-value="401–500"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 401–500</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="12–16"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 12–16</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Biomedical Engineering </td> <td data-sort-value="151–200"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 151–200</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="6–10"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6–10</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Computer Science & Engineering </td> <td data-sort-value="301–400"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 301–400</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="8–10"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 8–10</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Materials Science & Engineering </td> <td data-sort-value="151–200"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 151–200</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="6–7"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6–7</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nanoscience & Nanotechnology </td> <td data-sort-value="101–150"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 101–150</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3–5"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3–5</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Environmental Science & Engineering </td> <td data-sort-value="301–400"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 301–400</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="13–18"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 13–18</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Biotechnology </td> <td data-sort-value="201–300"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 201–300</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="10–16"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 10–16</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Remote Sensing </td> <td data-sort-value="76–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="New entry"><img alt="New entry" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/New.png/16px-New.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/New.png 1.5x" data-file-width="23" data-file-height="12" /></span></span> 76–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="New entry"><img alt="New entry" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/New.png/16px-New.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/New.png 1.5x" data-file-width="23" data-file-height="12" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Life Sciences </th></tr> <tr> <td>Biological Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="51–75"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 51–75</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Human Biological Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="41"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 41</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Agricultural Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="401–500"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 401–500</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="20–22"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 20–22</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Veterinary Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="76–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 76–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3–4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 3–4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Medical Sciences </th></tr> <tr> <td>Clinical Medicine </td> <td data-sort-value="76–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 76–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public Health </td> <td data-sort-value="101–150"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 101–150</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dentistry & Oral Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="101–150"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 101–150</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="8–14"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 8–14</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Medical Technology </td> <td data-sort-value="16"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 16</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="51–75"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 51–75</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="5–8"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 5–8</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Social Sciences </th></tr> <tr> <td>Economics </td> <td data-sort-value="51–75"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 51–75</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Statistics </td> <td data-sort-value="101–150"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 101–150</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="2–6"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 2–6</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Law </td> <td data-sort-value="201–300"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 201–300</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3–6"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3–6</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Political Sciences </td> <td data-sort-value="51–75"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 51–75</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3–4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3–4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sociology </td> <td data-sort-value="76–100"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 76–100</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="4–5"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4–5</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Education </td> <td data-sort-value="51–75"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 51–75</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Communication </td> <td data-sort-value="16"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 16</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Psychology </td> <td data-sort-value="51–75"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 51–75</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1–4"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1–4</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Business Administration </td> <td data-sort-value="201–300"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 201–300</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="4–8"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 4–8</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Management </td> <td data-sort-value="201–300"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 201–300</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="3–7"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/9px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/14px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Red_Arrow_Down.svg/18px-Red_Arrow_Down.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 3–7</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public Administration </td> <td data-sort-value="26"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/9px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/14px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg/18px-Green_Arrow_Up_Darker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> 26</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/9px-Steady3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/14px-Steady3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Steady3.svg/18px-Steady3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hospitality & Tourism Management </td> <td data-sort-value="151–200"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="New entry"><img alt="New entry" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/New.png/16px-New.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/New.png 1.5x" data-file-width="23" data-file-height="12" /></span></span> 151–200</div> </td> <td data-sort-value="1"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="New entry"><img alt="New entry" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/New.png/16px-New.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/New.png 1.5x" data-file-width="23" data-file-height="12" /></span></span> 1</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="One_Munich_Strategy_Forum"><i>One Munich Strategy Forum</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: One Munich Strategy Forum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The LMU and the <a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Munich" title="Technical University of Munich">Technical University of Munich</a> have come together to work on "One Munich Strategy Forum", with a €2.5 million fund from the state of <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Munich_International_Summer_University">Munich International Summer University</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Munich International Summer University"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Munich International Summer University (MISU at LMU) is the Summer University by LMU, which takes place annually in Munich and depending on the course also involves stays at different European cities. MISU invites international students to attend short-term programs at the LMU Munich in order to progress academically even in winter or summer breaks at their home university. MISU hereby offers two course formats: On the one hand German Language classes are held at different times over the year. On the other hand, MISU offers 16 subject-specific Summer Schools and Winter Schools covering a wide range of academic fields. Around 1000 students from nearly 90 countries joined MISU short-term programs in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Germany has a long tradition of hosting summer programs for international students.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The LMU Munich organised its Summer University for the first time in 1927. Labelled as <i>Sommerkurse für Ausländer</i> (<i>Summer Courses for Foreigners</i>) the Summer University ran annually until 1934 and primarily consisted of German Language courses for international students.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a longer intermittence period, LMU's Summer University resumed as <i>Internationaler Münchner Sommer</i> (<i>International Summer in Munich</i>). Since then the number of courses has increased and the range of subject-specific Summer Schools was extended to further academic disciplines. From 2008 onwards LMU's Summer University operates under the name Munich International Summer University (MISU).<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A central aim of MISU is to boost the internationality of the LMU Munich in terms of research and teaching.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Compared to semester-based <a href="/wiki/Student_exchange_programs" class="mw-redirect" title="Student exchange programs">student exchange programs</a>, short-term programs such as Summer Schools have the advantage for international students to receive a very intensive and concise insight into the research areas and campus at the LMU Munich.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MISU hereby has the objective to combine excellent academic education with extra-curricular activities. Participants are thus not only supervised intensively by established researchers on selected topics but are also introduced to the history, culture and politics of Munich, Bavaria and Germany. Moreover, the Summer University allows the LMU Munich to intensify cooperation with international partner universities. MISU's short-term programs therefore strengthen the LMU's international visibility as one of the highest ranked universities in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (September 2023)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_alumni_and_faculty_members">Notable alumni and faculty members</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notable alumni and faculty members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich_people" title="List of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich people">List of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich people</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_university_affiliation" title="List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation">List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation</a></div> <p>The alumni of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich played a major role in the development of <a href="/wiki/Quantum_mechanics" title="Quantum mechanics">quantum mechanics</a>. <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a>, the founder of <a href="/wiki/Quantum_mechanics" title="Quantum mechanics">quantum theory</a> and Nobel laureate in <a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">Physics</a> in 1918, was an alumnus of the university. Founders of <a href="/wiki/Quantum_mechanics" title="Quantum mechanics">quantum mechanics</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Werner Heisenberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Wolfgang Pauli</a>, and others were associated with the university. Most recently, to honor the Nobel laureate in <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">Chemistry</a> <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ertl" title="Gerhard Ertl">Gerhard Ertl</a>, who worked as a professor at the University of Munich from 1973 to 1986, the building of the <a href="/wiki/Physical_Chemistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical Chemistry">Physical Chemistry</a> was named after him. </p><p>Pakistani philosopher and poet Sir <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Iqbal" title="Muhammad Iqbal">Muhammad Iqbal</a>, regarded as the "Poet of the East" and "The Thinker of Pakistan", earned his PhD degree from the Ludwig Maximilian University, <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> in 1908. Working under the guidance of <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Hommel" title="Fritz Hommel">Friedrich Hommel</a>, Iqbal published his doctoral thesis in 1908, entitled <i><a href="/wiki/The_Development_of_Metaphysics_in_Persia" title="The Development of Metaphysics in Persia">The Development of Metaphysics in Persia</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-pktoday73_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pktoday73-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-phdthesis_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phdthesis-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mustansir_Mir2_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mustansir_Mir2-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Roy_Jackson_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roy_Jackson-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">anti-Nazi</a> resistance <a href="/wiki/White_Rose" title="White Rose">White Rose</a> was based in this university.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pope_Benedict_XVI_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pope Benedict XVI was a student and professor at LMU Munich."><img alt="Pope Benedict XVI was a student and professor at LMU Munich." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Pope_Benedict_XVI_2.jpg/81px-Pope_Benedict_XVI_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Pope_Benedict_XVI_2.jpg/122px-Pope_Benedict_XVI_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Pope_Benedict_XVI_2.jpg/162px-Pope_Benedict_XVI_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="681" data-file-height="1007" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> was a student and professor at LMU Munich.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roentgen2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901."><img alt="Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Roentgen2.jpg/85px-Roentgen2.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Roentgen2.jpg/128px-Roentgen2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Roentgen2.jpg/171px-Roentgen2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="911" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Conrad_R%C3%B6ntgen" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen">Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen</a> received the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a> in 1901.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ferenc_Krausz_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ferenc Krausz received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2023."><img alt="Ferenc Krausz received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2023." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Ferenc_Krausz_%28cropped%29.jpg/82px-Ferenc_Krausz_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Ferenc_Krausz_%28cropped%29.jpg/124px-Ferenc_Krausz_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Ferenc_Krausz_%28cropped%29.jpg/165px-Ferenc_Krausz_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="658" data-file-height="956" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Krausz" title="Ferenc Krausz">Ferenc Krausz</a> received the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a> in 2023.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theodor_Haensch.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theodor W. Hänsch received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2005."><img alt="Theodor W. Hänsch received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2005." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Theodor_Haensch.jpg/93px-Theodor_Haensch.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Theodor_Haensch.jpg/139px-Theodor_Haensch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Theodor_Haensch.jpg/185px-Theodor_Haensch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="3688" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor W. Hänsch">Theodor W. Hänsch</a> received the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a> in 2005.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Otto_Hahn_(Nobel).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Otto Hahn received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1944."><img alt="Otto Hahn received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1944." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg/85px-Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg/127px-Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg/170px-Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="475" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a> received the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a> in 1944.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild183-R57262,_Werner_Heisenberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Werner Heisenberg received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1932."><img alt="Werner Heisenberg received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1932." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bundesarchiv_Bild183-R57262%2C_Werner_Heisenberg.jpg/75px-Bundesarchiv_Bild183-R57262%2C_Werner_Heisenberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bundesarchiv_Bild183-R57262%2C_Werner_Heisenberg.jpg/113px-Bundesarchiv_Bild183-R57262%2C_Werner_Heisenberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bundesarchiv_Bild183-R57262%2C_Werner_Heisenberg.jpg/151px-Bundesarchiv_Bild183-R57262%2C_Werner_Heisenberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="497" data-file-height="789" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Werner Heisenberg</a> received the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a> in 1932.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Max_Planck_1933.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Max Planck received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918."><img alt="Max Planck received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Max_Planck_1933.jpg/97px-Max_Planck_1933.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Max_Planck_1933.jpg/145px-Max_Planck_1933.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Max_Planck_1933.jpg/193px-Max_Planck_1933.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2216" data-file-height="2752" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a> received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hans_Bethe.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hans Bethe received the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physics."><img alt="Hans Bethe received the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physics." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Hans_Bethe.jpg/96px-Hans_Bethe.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Hans_Bethe.jpg/144px-Hans_Bethe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Hans_Bethe.jpg/192px-Hans_Bethe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="913" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" title="Hans Bethe">Hans Bethe</a> received the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physics.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Mann_in_1926.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nobel Prize-winning novelist Thomas Mann gave numerous lectures at LMU Munich."><img alt="Nobel Prize-winning novelist Thomas Mann gave numerous lectures at LMU Munich." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Thomas_Mann_in_1926.jpg/93px-Thomas_Mann_in_1926.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Thomas_Mann_in_1926.jpg/140px-Thomas_Mann_in_1926.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Thomas_Mann_in_1926.jpg/186px-Thomas_Mann_in_1926.jpg 2x" data-file-width="233" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize</a>-winning novelist <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Thomas Mann</a> gave numerous lectures at LMU Munich.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Karl_Jaspers_1946.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Karl Jaspers was a German-Swiss psychiatrist and philosopher."><img alt="Karl Jaspers was a German-Swiss psychiatrist and philosopher." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Karl_Jaspers_1946.jpg/93px-Karl_Jaspers_1946.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Karl_Jaspers_1946.jpg/139px-Karl_Jaspers_1946.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Karl_Jaspers_1946.jpg/185px-Karl_Jaspers_1946.jpg 2x" data-file-width="763" data-file-height="987" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Jaspers" title="Karl Jaspers">Karl Jaspers</a> was a German-Swiss psychiatrist and philosopher.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iqbal_in_1931.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Philosopher, Persian and Urdu poet Sir Muhammad Iqbal studied philosophy at LMU Munich."><img alt="Philosopher, Persian and Urdu poet Sir Muhammad Iqbal studied philosophy at LMU Munich." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Iqbal_in_1931.jpg/88px-Iqbal_in_1931.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Iqbal_in_1931.jpg/131px-Iqbal_in_1931.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Iqbal_in_1931.jpg 2x" data-file-width="166" data-file-height="227" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Philosopher, Persian and Urdu poet Sir <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Iqbal" title="Muhammad Iqbal">Muhammad Iqbal</a> studied philosophy at LMU Munich.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hans-Werner_Sinn_17Jan2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hans-Werner Sinn, professor of economics at LMU Munich"><img alt="Hans-Werner Sinn, professor of economics at LMU Munich" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hans-Werner_Sinn_17Jan2008.jpg/98px-Hans-Werner_Sinn_17Jan2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hans-Werner_Sinn_17Jan2008.jpg/147px-Hans-Werner_Sinn_17Jan2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hans-Werner_Sinn_17Jan2008.jpg/196px-Hans-Werner_Sinn_17Jan2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1417" data-file-height="1734" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hans-Werner_Sinn" title="Hans-Werner Sinn">Hans-Werner Sinn</a>, professor of economics at LMU Munich</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dean_Blake_Van_Leer.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Blake Ragsdale Van Leer, United States Army officer and president of Georgia Institute of Technology"><img alt="Blake Ragsdale Van Leer, United States Army officer and president of Georgia Institute of Technology" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Dean_Blake_Van_Leer.jpg/70px-Dean_Blake_Van_Leer.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Dean_Blake_Van_Leer.jpg/105px-Dean_Blake_Van_Leer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Dean_Blake_Van_Leer.jpg/141px-Dean_Blake_Van_Leer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3372" data-file-height="5748" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Blake_Ragsdale_Van_Leer" class="mw-redirect" title="Blake Ragsdale Van Leer">Blake Ragsdale Van Leer</a>, United States Army officer and president of <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgia Institute of Technology">Georgia Institute of Technology</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F078072-0004,_Konrad_Adenauer.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Konrad Adenauer was Chancellor of Germany from 1949 to 1963."><img alt="Konrad Adenauer was Chancellor of Germany from 1949 to 1963." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F078072-0004%2C_Konrad_Adenauer.jpg/80px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F078072-0004%2C_Konrad_Adenauer.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F078072-0004%2C_Konrad_Adenauer.jpg/120px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F078072-0004%2C_Konrad_Adenauer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F078072-0004%2C_Konrad_Adenauer.jpg/160px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F078072-0004%2C_Konrad_Adenauer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> was <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany_(1949%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chancellor of Germany (1949–present)">Chancellor of Germany</a> from 1949 to 1963.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Valdas_Adamkus_16072008.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Valdas Adamkus, President of Lithuania 1998–2003 and 2004–2009"><img alt="Valdas Adamkus, President of Lithuania 1998–2003 and 2004–2009" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Valdas_Adamkus_16072008.jpg/82px-Valdas_Adamkus_16072008.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Valdas_Adamkus_16072008.jpg/123px-Valdas_Adamkus_16072008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Valdas_Adamkus_16072008.jpg/164px-Valdas_Adamkus_16072008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="2598" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Valdas_Adamkus" title="Valdas Adamkus">Valdas Adamkus</a>, President of Lithuania 1998–2003 and 2004–2009</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bertolt-Brecht.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bertolt Brecht, poet, playwright and theatre director"><img alt="Bertolt Brecht, poet, playwright and theatre director" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bertolt-Brecht.jpg/82px-Bertolt-Brecht.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bertolt-Brecht.jpg/123px-Bertolt-Brecht.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bertolt-Brecht.jpg/164px-Bertolt-Brecht.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="875" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a>, poet, playwright and theatre director</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Max_Weber_1894.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The sociologist Max Weber was a professor at LMU Munich."><img alt="The sociologist Max Weber was a professor at LMU Munich." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Max_Weber_1894.jpg/90px-Max_Weber_1894.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Max_Weber_1894.jpg/135px-Max_Weber_1894.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Max_Weber_1894.jpg/180px-Max_Weber_1894.jpg 2x" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="542" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The sociologist <a href="/wiki/Max_Weber" title="Max Weber">Max Weber</a> was a professor at LMU Munich.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0313-507,_Rudolf_Hess.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rudolf Hess was the Deputy Führer of National Socialist Germany from 1933 to 1941."><img alt="Rudolf Hess was the Deputy Führer of National Socialist Germany from 1933 to 1941." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0313-507%2C_Rudolf_Hess.jpg/82px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0313-507%2C_Rudolf_Hess.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0313-507%2C_Rudolf_Hess.jpg/123px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0313-507%2C_Rudolf_Hess.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0313-507%2C_Rudolf_Hess.jpg/164px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1987-0313-507%2C_Rudolf_Hess.jpg 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Hess" title="Rudolf Hess">Rudolf Hess</a> was the Deputy Führer of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">National Socialist Germany</a> from 1933 to 1941.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Josef_Mengele,_Auschwitz._Album_H%C3%B6cker_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Josef Mengele was a Schutzstaffel (SS) officer."><img alt="Josef Mengele was a Schutzstaffel (SS) officer." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Josef_Mengele%2C_Auschwitz._Album_H%C3%B6cker_%28cropped%29.jpg/86px-Josef_Mengele%2C_Auschwitz._Album_H%C3%B6cker_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Josef_Mengele%2C_Auschwitz._Album_H%C3%B6cker_%28cropped%29.jpg/130px-Josef_Mengele%2C_Auschwitz._Album_H%C3%B6cker_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Josef_Mengele%2C_Auschwitz._Album_H%C3%B6cker_%28cropped%29.jpg/173px-Josef_Mengele%2C_Auschwitz._Album_H%C3%B6cker_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="605" data-file-height="838" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Josef_Mengele" title="Josef Mengele">Josef Mengele</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">Schutzstaffel</a> (SS) officer.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hermann_G%C3%B6ring_-_R%C3%B6hr.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hermann Göring was one of the most powerful figures in the Nazi Party."><img alt="Hermann Göring was one of the most powerful figures in the Nazi Party." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring_-_R%C3%B6hr.jpg/86px-Hermann_G%C3%B6ring_-_R%C3%B6hr.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring_-_R%C3%B6hr.jpg/129px-Hermann_G%C3%B6ring_-_R%C3%B6hr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring_-_R%C3%B6hr.jpg/173px-Hermann_G%C3%B6ring_-_R%C3%B6hr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2519" data-file-height="3499" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring" title="Hermann Göring">Hermann Göring</a> was one of the most powerful figures in the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1989-0630-504,_Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Heinrich Brüning served as Chancellor of Germany during the Weimar Republic from 1930 to 1932."><img alt="Heinrich Brüning served as Chancellor of Germany during the Weimar Republic from 1930 to 1932." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1989-0630-504%2C_Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning.jpg/83px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1989-0630-504%2C_Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1989-0630-504%2C_Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning.jpg/125px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1989-0630-504%2C_Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1989-0630-504%2C_Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning.jpg/167px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1989-0630-504%2C_Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning.jpg 2x" data-file-width="557" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning" title="Heinrich Brüning">Heinrich Brüning</a> served as <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Chancellor of Germany</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Weimar Republic</a> from 1930 to 1932.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Germany" title="Education in Germany">Education in Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_forestry_universities_and_colleges" title="List of forestry universities and colleges">List of forestry universities and colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_universities_in_Europe_(1801%E2%80%931945)" title="List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)">List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Germany" title="List of universities in Germany">List of universities in Germany</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In modern Germany, only <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_University" title="Heidelberg University">Heidelberg University</a> (1386), <a href="/wiki/Leipzig_University" title="Leipzig University">Leipzig University</a> (1409), the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Rostock" title="University of Rostock">University of Rostock</a> (1419), the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Greifswald" title="University of Greifswald">University of Greifswald</a> (1456) and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Freiburg" title="University of Freiburg">University of Freiburg</a> (1457) are older. Although Cologne, Erfurt and Würzburg were originally founded earlier than the University of Munich, they shut down for longer periods.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search?query=%22Universitas+Ludovico-Maximilianea+Monacensis%22&sin=TXT">"Search"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Search&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fsearch%3Fquery%3D%2522Universitas%2BLudovico-Maximilianea%2BMonacensis%2522%26sin%3DTXT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALudwig+Maximilian+University+of+Munich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-facts_and_figures-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-facts_and_figures_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-facts_and_figures_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-facts_and_figures_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-facts_and_figures_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lmu.de/en/about-lmu/lmu-at-a-glance/facts-and-figures/students">"Facts and Figures"</a>. <i>LMU Munich</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LMU+Munich&rft.atitle=Facts+and+Figures&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lmu.de%2Fen%2Fabout-lmu%2Flmu-at-a-glance%2Ffacts-and-figures%2Fstudents&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALudwig+Maximilian+University+of+Munich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110930192142/http://www.uni-muenchen.de/ueber_die_lmu/profil/geschichte/landshut/index.html">"Landshut (1800–1826) – LMU München"</a>. Uni-muenchen.de. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uni-muenchen.de/ueber_die_lmu/profil/geschichte/landshut/index.html">the original</a> on 30 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Landshut+%281800%E2%80%931826%29+%E2%80%93+LMU+M%C3%BCnchen&rft.pub=Uni-muenchen.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uni-muenchen.de%2Fueber_die_lmu%2Fprofil%2Fgeschichte%2Flandshut%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALudwig+Maximilian+University+of+Munich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lmu.de/de/die-lmu/die-lmu-auf-einen-blick/zahlen-und-fakten/budget">"Facts and Figures – LMU Munich"</a>. <i>www.lmu.de</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lmu.de&rft.atitle=Facts+and+Figures+%E2%80%93+LMU+Munich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lmu.de%2Fde%2Fdie-lmu%2Fdie-lmu-auf-einen-blick%2Fzahlen-und-fakten%2Fbudget&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALudwig+Maximilian+University+of+Munich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Wortgewaltiger Gegner der Nordlichter: Der Mediziner Johann Nepomuk von Ringseis", in: Ulrike Leutheusser, Heinrich Nöth (Hg.), "Dem Geist alle Tore öffnen". König Maximilian II. von Bayern und die Wissenschaft, München 2009, pp. 142–153; 2. Aufl. München 2011, pp. 142–153.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlenday2013" class="citation book cs1">Glenday, Craig (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guinnessworldrec0000unse_r3e7/page/194"><i>Guinness Book of World Records</i></a>. 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich" title="Template:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich" title="Template talk:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich_(LMU)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:#fff;">Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU)</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#009440; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/LMU_Klinikum" title="LMU Klinikum"><span style="color:white;">LMU Klinikum</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Klinikum_Gro%C3%9Fhadern" class="mw-redirect" title="Klinikum Großhadern">Campus Großhadern</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klinikum_Innenstadt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klinikum Innenstadt (page does not exist)">Campus Innenstadt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dr._von_Hauner_Children%27s_Hospital" title="Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital">Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#009440; color:white;;width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Pneumology_Center" title="Comprehensive Pneumology Center">Comprehensive Pneumology Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ducal_Georgianum" title="Ducal Georgianum">Ducal Georgianum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelische_Arbeitsgemeinschaft_f%C3%BCr_Kirchliche_Zeitgeschichte" title="Evangelische Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte">Evangelische Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#009440; color:white;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IX,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria">Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I_Joseph_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria">Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#009440; color:white;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Junior_Year_in_Munich" title="Junior Year in Munich">Junior Year in Munich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich_people" title="List of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich people">List of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich_Science_Days" title="Munich Science Days">Munich Science Days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ingolstadt" title="University of Ingolstadt">University of Ingolstadt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_and_colleges_in_Munich" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Munich_universities" title="Template:Munich universities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Munich_universities" title="Template talk:Munich universities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Munich_universities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Munich universities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_and_colleges_in_Munich" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Universities and colleges in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich</a> (LMU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Munich" title="Technical University of Munich">Technical University of Munich</a> (TUM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr_University_Munich" title="Bundeswehr University Munich">Bundeswehr University Munich</a> (UniBw)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Free_University" title="Ukrainian Free University">Ukrainian Free University</a> (UFU)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Fine_Arts,_Munich" title="Academy of Fine Arts, Munich">Academy of Fine Arts</a> (AdBK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_School_of_Public_Policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Bavarian School of Public Policy">Bavarian School of Public Policy</a> (HfP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FOM_University_of_Applied_Sciences_for_Economics_and_Management" title="FOM University of Applied Sciences for Economics and Management">FOM University of Applied Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich_Business_School" title="Munich Business School">Munich Business School</a> (MBS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Munich University of Applied Sciences">University of Applied Sciences</a> (HM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Music_and_Theatre_Munich" title="University of Music and Theatre Munich">University of Music and Theatre</a> (HfMT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich_University_of_Philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Munich University of Philosophy">University of Philosophy</a> (HfPh)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Television_and_Film_Munich" title="University of Television and Film Munich">University of Television and Film</a> (HFF)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="German_U15" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:German_U15" title="Template:German U15"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a 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href="/wiki/University_of_Freiburg" title="University of Freiburg">Freiburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goethe_University_Frankfurt" title="Goethe University Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_G%C3%B6ttingen" title="University of Göttingen">Göttingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hamburg" title="University of Hamburg">Hamburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_University" title="Heidelberg University">Heidelberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leipzig_University" title="Leipzig University">Leipzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mainz" title="University of Mainz">Mainz</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Munich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_M%C3%BCnster" title="University of Münster">Münster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_T%C3%BCbingen" title="University of Tübingen">Tübingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_W%C3%BCrzburg" title="University of Würzburg">Würzburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="German_Excellence_Universities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:German_Excellence_Universities" title="Template:German Excellence Universities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:German_Excellence_Universities" title="Template talk:German Excellence Universities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:German_Excellence_Universities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:German Excellence Universities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="German_Excellence_Universities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/German_Universities_Excellence_Initiative" title="German Universities Excellence Initiative">German Excellence Universities</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RWTH_Aachen_University" title="RWTH Aachen University">RWTH Aachen</a> (2007–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_University_of_Berlin" title="Free University of Berlin">Free University of Berlin</a> (2007–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_University_of_Berlin" title="Humboldt University of Berlin">Humboldt University of Berlin</a> (2012–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical University of Berlin">Technical University of Berlin</a> (2019–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charit%C3%A9" title="Charité">Charité</a> (2019–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bonn" title="University of Bonn">University of Bonn</a> (2019–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TU_Dresden" title="TU Dresden">TU Dresden</a> (2012–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hamburg" title="University of Hamburg">University of Hamburg</a> (2019–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_University" title="Heidelberg University">University of Heidelberg</a> (2007–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlsruhe_Institute_of_Technology" title="Karlsruhe Institute of Technology">Karlsruhe Institute of Technology</a> (2006–2012; 2019–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Konstanz" title="University of Konstanz">University of Konstanz</a> (2007–)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich</a> (2006–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Munich" title="Technical University of Munich">Technical University of Munich</a> (2006–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_T%C3%BCbingen" title="University of Tübingen">University of Tübingen</a> (2012–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bremen" title="University of Bremen">University of Bremen</a> (2012–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cologne" title="University of Cologne">University of Cologne</a> (2012–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Freiburg" title="University of Freiburg">University of Freiburg</a> (2007–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_G%C3%B6ttingen" title="University of Göttingen">University of Göttingen</a> (2007–2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Europaeum" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#960001;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Europaeum" title="Template:Europaeum"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Europaeum" title="Template talk:Europaeum"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Europaeum" 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Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_University_of_Berlin" title="Free University of Berlin">FU Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">Helsinki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graduate_Institute_of_International_and_Development_Studies" title="Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies">Geneva Graduate Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagiellonian_University" title="Jagiellonian University">Jagiellonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven">KU Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiden_University" title="Leiden University">Leiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Luxembourg" title="University of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit%C3%A4t_M%C3%BCnchen" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München">Munich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompeu_Fabra_University" title="Pompeu Fabra University">Pompeu Fabra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">St Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tartu" title="University of Tartu">Tartu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="League_of_European_Research_Universities_(LERU)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div 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navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Barcelona" title="University of Barcelona">Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Copenhagen" title="University of Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Dublin" title="Trinity College Dublin">Dublin (TCD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Freiburg" title="University of Freiburg">Freiburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Geneva" title="University of Geneva">Geneva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruprecht_Karl_University_of_Heidelberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">Helsinki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leiden" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Leiden">Leiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven">Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lund_University" title="Lund University">Lund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Milan" title="University of Milan">Milan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">LMU Munich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris-Saclay_University" title="Paris-Saclay University">Paris-Saclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_University" title="Sorbonne University">Sorbonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strasbourg" title="University of Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">UCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utrecht_University" title="Utrecht University">Utrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Zurich" title="University of Zurich">Zurich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_in_Germany" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist 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style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_University" title="Heidelberg University">Heidelberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Freiburg" title="University of Freiburg">Freiburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlsruhe_Institute_of_Technology" title="Karlsruhe Institute of Technology">Karlsruhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Konstanz" title="University of Konstanz">Konstanz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mannheim" title="University of Mannheim">Mannheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hohenheim" title="University of Hohenheim">Hohenheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Stuttgart" title="University of Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_T%C3%BCbingen" title="University of Tübingen">Tübingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ulm" title="University of Ulm">Ulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeppelin_University" title="Zeppelin University">Zeppelin University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Augsburg" title="University of Augsburg">Augsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bamberg" title="University of Bamberg">Bamberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bayreuth" title="University of Bayreuth">Bayreuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Eichst%C3%A4tt-Ingolstadt" title="Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt">Eichstätt-Ingolstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Erlangen%E2%80%93Nuremberg" title="University of Erlangen–Nuremberg">Erlangen-Nuremberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ingolstadt" title="University of Ingolstadt">Ingolstadt</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">LMU Munich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr_University_Munich" title="Bundeswehr University Munich">BU Munich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Munich" title="Technical University of Munich">TU Munich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Free_University" title="Ukrainian Free University">Ukrainian Free University</a> in Munich</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Passau" title="University of Passau">Passau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Regensburg" title="University of Regensburg">Regensburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_W%C3%BCrzburg" title="University of Würzburg">Würzburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_University_of_the_Arts" title="Berlin University of the Arts">Berlin University of the Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_University_of_Berlin" title="Free University of Berlin">FU Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_University_of_Berlin" title="Humboldt University of Berlin">HU Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical University of Berlin">TU Berlin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brandenburg_University_of_Technology" title="Brandenburg University of Technology">TU Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_University_Viadrina" title="European University Viadrina">Frankfurt (Oder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Potsdam" title="University of Potsdam">Potsdam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bremen_(state)" title="Bremen (state)">Bremen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bremen" title="University of Bremen">Bremen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constructor_University" title="Constructor University">Constructor University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hamburg" title="University of Hamburg">Hamburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamburg_University_of_Technology" title="Hamburg University of Technology">TU Hamburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HafenCity_University_Hamburg" title="HafenCity University Hamburg">HafenCity University Hamburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt_University" title="Helmut Schmidt University">Helmut Schmidt University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technische_Universit%C3%A4t_Darmstadt" title="Technische Universität Darmstadt">TU Darmstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goethe_University_Frankfurt" title="Goethe University Frankfurt">Frankfurt (Main)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Giessen" title="University of Giessen">Giessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kassel" title="University of Kassel">Kassel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Marburg" title="University of Marburg">Marburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Braunschweig" title="Technical University of Braunschweig">TU Braunschweig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clausthal_University_of_Technology" title="Clausthal University of Technology">TU Clausthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_G%C3%B6ttingen" title="University of Göttingen">Göttingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leibniz_University_Hannover" title="Leibniz University Hannover">Hannover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hildesheim" title="University of Hildesheim">Hildesheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leuphana_University_of_L%C3%BCneburg" title="Leuphana University of Lüneburg">Lüneburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oldenburg" title="University of Oldenburg">Oldenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osnabr%C3%BCck_University" title="Osnabrück University">Osnabrück</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Vechta" title="University of Vechta">Vechta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" title="Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Greifswald" title="University of Greifswald">Greifswald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Rostock" title="University of Rostock">Rostock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RWTH_Aachen_University" title="RWTH Aachen University">Aachen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bielefeld_University" title="Bielefeld University">Bielefeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhr_University_Bochum" title="Ruhr University Bochum">Bochum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bonn" title="University of Bonn">Bonn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cologne" title="University of Cologne">Cologne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Dortmund" title="Technical University of Dortmund">TU Dortmund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Duisburg-Essen" title="University of Duisburg-Essen">Duisburg-Essen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine_University_D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hagen" title="University of Hagen">Hagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_M%C3%BCnster" title="University of Münster">Münster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paderborn_University" title="Paderborn University">Paderborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Siegen" title="University of Siegen">Siegen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witten/Herdecke_University" title="Witten/Herdecke University">Witten/Herdecke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wuppertal" title="University of Wuppertal">Wuppertal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rhineland-Palatinate" title="Rhineland-Palatinate">Rhineland-Palatinate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kaiserslautern-Landau" title="University of Kaiserslautern-Landau">University of Kaiserslautern-Landau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Koblenz" title="University of Koblenz">University of Koblenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mainz" title="University of Mainz">Mainz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_University_of_Administrative_Sciences_Speyer" title="German University of Administrative Sciences Speyer">Speyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Trier" title="University of Trier">Trier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saarland" title="Saarland">Saarland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saarland_University" title="Saarland University">Saarland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemnitz_University_of_Technology" title="Chemnitz University of Technology">TU Chemnitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TU_Dresden" title="TU Dresden">TU Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freiberg_University_of_Mining_and_Technology" title="Freiberg University of Mining and Technology">TU Freiberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leipzig_University" title="Leipzig University">Leipzig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saxony-Anhalt" title="Saxony-Anhalt">Saxony-Anhalt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_University_Halle-Wittenberg" title="Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg">Halle-Wittenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Guericke_University_Magdeburg" title="Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Flensburg" title="University of Flensburg">Flensburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiel_University" title="Kiel University">Kiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_L%C3%BCbeck" title="University of Lübeck">Lübeck</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Erfurt" title="University of Erfurt">Erfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technische_Universit%C3%A4t_Ilmenau" title="Technische Universität Ilmenau">TU Ilmenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Jena" title="University of Jena">Jena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauhaus_University,_Weimar" title="Bauhaus University, Weimar">Weimar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55044#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55044#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55044#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/2002585-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79097489">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11868931m">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11868931m">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV255517">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35725319">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Universität München"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20020322441&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4684308">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90702824">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000214238&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000437343&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/tr575wsc5g96w41">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810645100905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/32925">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007269376505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/b11ef8f8-4897-42b8-91c5-b10200a2b1da">MusicBrainz place</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA07165982?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500303320">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026442655">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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