CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135b0bbc8313ffa',cH: 'SEA6Vu16adA6HN6N9pYI1nu7.wQw2j3UJHmQsbqjbaM-1739794395-1.2.1.1-3QtxvB9.SuqsciGnXmh1j9zagxxWHLblTTQ8m_pGkwkSEsiDFqiyhMWGDdyemRVX',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=call%20center&page=2&__cf_chl_tk=2489Nb3VZ5m5AfHBizSYHFbBDVGmNMaPb9Yluf8BLgs-1739794395-1.0.1.1-KhqTP4lHfWxnzMfEdU5KXGq.RU9Ae1P.RxDpZz4YGDY",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739794395',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=call%20center&page=2&__cf_chl_f_tk=2489Nb3VZ5m5AfHBizSYHFbBDVGmNMaPb9Yluf8BLgs-1739794395-1.0.1.1-KhqTP4lHfWxnzMfEdU5KXGq.RU9Ae1P.RxDpZz4YGDY",md: "RKFhpES3MVgUy5aJR1f2EdKV79RKfBfxHHRk7puB2uY-1739794395-1.2.1.1-LYxMj3fsXUYyKEqOpotTRxzfJ1KecB_JdoHbAtaH_PAeFdoy6bsLh8tdXU1TzI3Hu8AUBKCQidK5bSD2G894dldyGEpLVQpa_YIwvilPq32zv_cUcmoX18m28tlhJVPi8x29KcchDAqfLgtDhR1zIFJRG3UJr2sclj9O2w3T.m2.bZQ9LZPJCZ9t7RT59MCFfHxTUEjN3RfW9hbyIYAFy4JJLKV0JHQLf0UrDi96Z4tf7Oeg3b3MuN52aLef_xZg7hwtGs6mvFmL7SSWlNF5j4DN6OJ3AevNb0XjhDGEalrBoeDiF_YWflBkzq7rW2IiI__ojL54p_0tvYzAPvE49kUYu93GoOFGJ56Vcdt.q12ClcgX.xBiay7w8puIUHI4BjqMdzBPRY_nm7ge9z6VCnTtVLGPZowdxpJMDtHQU9FtETOaFrpiQej2VJYM8bRKTEM_kwmX4YkcbFYfv4VcIQ31wAkPUK0ZNlLJMprbLC3WBGQcSIp4tP6qxyjji_OjjYTUJb4Xr8YG_FhqqKDUbtQJzyOlp_a87.STQYisxlzHQ0.umR7NCvKwlKzPUIosECrCI5VTfS5NE202144EXnsJg7q16TExuZ0rGTuGzds2eeYdgE6c5uiEFZkMQY8GGadOuEHHodEiiS3bw4f48sTE.366ZXFw6NtFOfHL69HfwFrKPwpBgvp20lqwHlM.0TKJp5w4oYfoEYiritx9ZzTr9u7v2obDvYgZNvW.xGr3MEx8CXiVPEcp7x7SscLCLVC6OHuf11R2fo7gFKpRnRpBdThyneMy0gLd94SzkL2JxCp.iZHvoiy8Fl1r7a.U.9RnbUZs4SvTb0MUZzWy5Om1BwcLG6BGWPDBl0ytxmrTGT8ojKMkuz6qFo4E5.Sn1fi917vZ7brCWtMyh.ZjuZ1uNZsOxJQs1HVRu2NXHLZQ50VUn8hlzp21dPP4e7ibAbNVtv1L_128rVSZimQGZecO5iGTOXES1oLmFFns4v50iju32aAz0h0qr2OZCfXsb8IRbKQgkbpE7EnyOyy1CWhWVrFRUy8PfCYTWigxlp.tstwp9ru99ywdQxN0yptXrPNJ45hDZokVOegeZQHfB4_QM5rGHjImgFXsrQArzMSoRIjKwzzCidnixJfXGJ5Bj5JG7Y0.kXN3rjzaKLgh5mfP5BzluMfP2SQjkn8MOlKmVEV2kEtQxu7F8Gea6hOg_or7iMth9YZsa_R9ckOsa9LmxzreknWxcexJbVAndMl9KiF8Dy1CKucDgT7gUdkUThwV_zjZmx1AL2w1TAqChj.d2sG29lBOqI_PINrnVEgvjO1bVQNoqNrnnyt.rEWnODjMPrg6RErrmhJvn3b8yGbFsn0O_tq3Q1sWIZ01ZTZdCdMhgmh0njybjsu1W0luVR_WM93fXuO7rgDOQ_4QKo5TytNChsjGRWaiRCTsaR4X4oHRD6TbLyxNyJZzJld3I3dMNcsZz4v5VYZpmj8pCi5hxpHyvqw6xFuD3TfZodN2DH2ScCu6P6lm9fqVa0kewKfFAt8RUM11HD0suIIMj7HRwB54fLELXvh5Ea2hTzg9GPyMAn.96ESRZeTPfnGynWoA6XF1UbBTb75n0wMZSDp0HKjU02oUyOiqgKr3Q1us36DPTJZUV1HdL3p.GwHsUoCUnPY018NwjMN3KICbPgsVAVC5FxMUk7vWpTLphI8feRDMwBVWtRaRrRwbrUmmsqiv0R6x8K3eOctJgzaxXQm8IcQ44Q.XDZmYnA7CKmO3PgpfPcZmA6UbumZwFfcH7VAjeP1yPhmOR._aHjlBW_jj1nr3dKRPlFrBvFhk.7Qk_P9.qEaVn.LW.FZpJQG97oLWW2N46Ir6qlnxOzKu5t_R63VtcTwALgFNcn8XdgXjzQCzov_upOq4kvPH6a1O.y99WLpgYKHXqbb7UVYVJWTPKZJo0eidEjhhG52Qg34",mdrd: "T9CzX2UYOdqSb5GCLEvdVBHe3mHlSDXdfJxa5C3ches-1739794395-1.2.1.1-MPT.Ux9NbPpsjWm1.xU_jLVlBV4.7Chqj8dcFvDrZ_VqO.p2xaxRS4xFf9hmONQ3Q7myL9HAYQKENLZ0_.DsBBQuuhTeRvxzp4VX8NCvlk5bjOOeCC0ox20jAz8AaC.H9AEX38zEuJvUKjbPD7eznRKgkMrgzxzni1UOaPhfVAFHnrBvzAsPRcJ8y6TjGrMzpQfIok2Qz.SdUozfgp_9SAApiWSgdw2YxNcPHxOqcwT9yKbY_2rKmmpHCkdHHQK1kPrA3SHRZar7CdH5PH9PnUKwCxaqaif2ihDWoQobr88yO1qiTOtFlZLkaXpOKi.6T0agsYYjhrJXVwbH8hRtSRTf2m1XHw37g0kpcFM9Pk8gw3SGErQ9KkigN.m339gc5VqY7EXA6lm0rjbwkLqoxjXIS1rO7LO4mzXZ_pXeL6QRVlSRy9cBAGN1UKv3GyJOjPLfaIcM32JTTILp3WFG0rrEonN9E_KKIeJ7Z3qqJEh1R2AsZG6bL9UNH5aqDHmzjkerVZ6faqJtmpJePA65G0JKJGQd_TnINK3fKtiMnEQwXEPEPieolzK_2zMHofPbFw47K39YQlsd_Awyd.KD6nLBD0KYsC7K2xMaoiq9Xw53hX9GWGJGlYLW5gJIuRv1s6M50Jbil4R_FMidvLwpQFJ7rlt5pl7nJ44eLTInZz1nKpX9nUlCTsaEV_gROPIegns3MJr.auzkL5IXIrM4dCd3o7FvtDM8FNlIWAIl0fxcug7fOyswV2jh.C0oM0l2nWpzqEG67s2snOASu4z0.6H7xOX2vGFwCR9MVYiNk6rALYgDkwESXD2552EuCRE4vH3Eq9McfTKMuMjYu7CvH9nCViudZFo.LIaTND7Z2sPFTBsoWclo1hxtSH940idqXmJW8iuDA6IN6jskSljdG5A._muAYvfq4tEIF6yb.oKq1QqVgDDXObF7Z0HpujEEnn_DLak6HicbmIdF9FIWtpx2jPvgxxUhWzDmvG0QQl5SksIF2dwzbNjni4NX_CzYqNXpcYLvXbBonK7FjsWwd1rDdPnYZ3GUQ0QMrm5YuL61FVg9bpVlfwpSdZcB30AkTAtPbONUdaouZCLmX5li4ghZiybg6Djhv7jNWlAXkHaQM5mOXJcSaejbzsCxoPK2O8cmvHr_MQIYVwqOArDkXBam0w0Yq9bWYbs.TYEe07uqeR8A77r4mu8ws61xWLq7cRDS75XIz7VdLTlwXj2bv.3fo5L01g05e8w_oLbPqVIkLq37fBvKN39jfyOgMa4bArSKvMlFsOD16TNsfJXHywlDS2rOESNwHxBD3hFbDV7_6h.ittJQKfGO.Zryb5CEjKXzmTWEooByfsSbe0A27fNiRza3RvIRDhdOg3WhGseMNnA8J6Nktiv3vRUNDZ9BUn19IEqxh36P3moighdvYZ43nJu__IOab4rJDg2b.y6Sboq6cfLtaubChpS9f6.hN7XAWaJy9.WReslUEXQxel3CfZGq1.wcQcSGE36UE0eM1f1sw9e5sI4PNIYhjzERW1_35zM3zSxOgO75Jpos1LNeq_IR7Ee3ufxAJONPUZ10jNhXptZ_pJVGQz1y8je4Yvj10u.g_biNFgWpt6C19ECWWYnclIl_ccMRRA35nctM45kQTDfF_kOWHzF68qQkDLG2umWu.EtKX3QPUjg4.YWq7aQX3v.XN3Gx.HWpuBlRv6IWzGcP5TomsoWskR8JHx1DlKqVdq3faiPusAooyGiijj5vGjfZx2hRwCDJ9cbVtYL2E._Sg6Y1A7mtdlXK_L2La3Cj11rdrsqijBuzPRFXfuFIERzm_Kl7I5qDlKj_opYW.Zjbw1aKmnrd7t_mLZz0thLK7jZgduHJBSJ3ifqizmNu2nTrgv04VfDllxt1BWIkc2j8rq4Jr_84vj4SKDRgYZdao0.oByF_MZRf5ZF1EXrAsZ5i0x857Y6KY92hCDP9wAhb2bejIRrAyiB1iH9nVSuKSzciNClfpVoh4g"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135b0bbc8313ffa';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=call%20center&page=2&__cf_chl_rt_tk=2489Nb3VZ5m5AfHBizSYHFbBDVGmNMaPb9Yluf8BLgs-1739794395-1.0.1.1-KhqTP4lHfWxnzMfEdU5KXGq.RU9Ae1P.RxDpZz4YGDY" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>