CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91354352ec4e820a',cH: 'rTdy4n04EuyZ3bHv2pbYLzKoUaiW_Ggzw0vV4P5Z_Fk-1739789914-1.2.1.1-xpiy1KQR75yAyMYrOcbjSTERM6fswp7JYIH9F6defN9emXyjzG24Awff6IbYWmkn',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=psychopathy%20traits&__cf_chl_tk=A4o3eQGxrmU0gmqWUJZhbtXc3xOx4LEaCCLAvpeGhSA-1739789914-1.0.1.1-yV6RxfNeUqvgG2G4FwYxPy4oMCUWh9SxSaZmEOdKM0M",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739789914',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=psychopathy%20traits&__cf_chl_f_tk=A4o3eQGxrmU0gmqWUJZhbtXc3xOx4LEaCCLAvpeGhSA-1739789914-1.0.1.1-yV6RxfNeUqvgG2G4FwYxPy4oMCUWh9SxSaZmEOdKM0M",md: "ac71PVSQBCuRqf50zw3PoMW38cSuXaA4HO.Xw2.nCSA-1739789914-1.2.1.1-vT5kgJxrNui4Vj7g3FMq9qWgvbvNEUaGOqruXNqoSzJgmKMvX5NH3xavk9f5JDdOflMSQdlszmGVbwBUtRcL2qmv40avTGYPGqjIhVqks3UZMD.fIJcErlrPuQxhSuuwDQ7j19.VVXx0ic255I9Fm6jJFsU0LVDjEj0Apdcsowwx7C_NkIhUPvJnlWX6khDIjudF6.yfY1oyNr4EurpuzLjYovRK750fn_H6eCUPucTjiZ7RlgVaJCYUNghLxeQRRPNi44Pan2_0lfdehL1.tYwG5ZvcLW012YtZkPWvJXlA7CBHgowQlAC5JaWr9C22TEYT6fs3jqatmkdEzNdufM_ehXuaGmyWLIibefE.Vzj59iLWGAEUb4RulUFtiHk3NbDoRgTlTTGezwNJkHOrJx32y754ggGAPcT3m7SeV8nJxDTXwDd3ktLD0N09tKMkHTz8z8JOOCP9xY2iJNQlxHXP2aLBM8GNcoLJ45dapGYrQtzuHkHhxsCBc_v.Ie8_mcwRxhUs4YSCv2BV2bCc.VnlaJDrT1VaQS9vOMMJ9Tf2Egx1aRYag1HUrj2.mt6IeY1XKfjYhIkDpn3p5vFhAeHAYkdCQZHiQ66Z59AOVjSct.ZWQ9E.GwFyRLAjuJiHzKUEpg2BxoC.IviB4y1hale.SaIJyo.qN.3dmUyd7fjzcg9bak.20dxVyIa2kQeYVyFUQ8sxgo9iBujJ68yUXxSb6lCDH1w7_cqjhiDaEFXbsXl54EsXEZ.XiiJcdilQBs_p.Y.64GNtaoRelz_lYjxJDBXcWPE1oj8VF4zSs2LXIqVQ8pNf7jf4nl7KkS4iLp8oT5xjNGec3ZHG9xWw.0tg0oF8CT6rwtJzgeqDgDdClG376EvepWby5AInPsIrqA5.jHCwLLirG9ftv1zHzbjPNMkXIrH3OCi9KEvPc8k7.bNC5QIYK5QzPafuxktcRZ8VmYdc4NUh4HGCQbhI3qDly1amFKpYiCeNpbzPpP0BScMA.wk2AIGfT9GxHtxhq7Ot7BIOZrNWDcB8glNoByFBSJoDMSwLtmMMlz_mfQkbipA1BqwR0hXb5wc3L4sqpcWMxJJtHDTAdc5YyfNpo5Uw4970e1SO5L5H8qaZtaoqQtCgU0BSa5PGIjmIb2NvjZdmYOL3Jv.PUxrm2mSNBytqVoQ8qtOi5wiRNbhi3oBcRGpn7rFupeA1YcAeeyL6ulZIm6nSsCMJWBrS36G.PbkmgVQS9umAfUkTUfbGC0Mi1nRD6dtxzGHK9twK27QH_yMlJtn9BidUHeTMNNzGk2B1o2sf12jEcipxnbecGEV9EVu99dG_febDB8BoB18nGg3o1X6YBE09VA9kJk0A2Yd0JywWL53PLOdgOs7T1V.JhCS3pDW5naxJbQ7rOHmq9ipfg9n_hoF2.N2tyB_ejoTPOjjV7ZqCxfE02idqVb31wLaSAQNMEYMgkZ.c.qtKPCsS_1bydueKGQKB3gUcw9x2Zhf2WuQgmBRq3D0BPqZIrcX7x3Ak3StBgglOj29ySabn9CFlgoehx_Dobfd8Zg5a2qOM8hs011fQ7Shig.VxMYBHe0bwyWF8C8HXUL19ckjjl.k90FsxxpzdJ7dedqtjhIiKKd_sUXp2gnCzeZ4jRvJgUO9chLVLT_T8i2uCJGmso64N8gjCf2KV_Dx224qqkS2_Lb9riZcu4wpyYVcYaChyf.f0HkQqU7WkWXsP8OCWIJCpouu9Btj3VmQb2Ja5_h_krrdFVUU.SgJOmYT_YWYS3RtkTOdwsw4_DZ2xPsb3MOnnTaR7DCTeTIaOp7U369w40hAjSK6M9j23GXkPj6mA19Yz8cyd.x8PexFiwSBJ1wBaYRvB0lDl1yPMbp.eJwaCyMjCKaDqPaLFgl0Ye7Gg5Mlt3uu74ImI87otI14BQHZxthXgpTpkeZaUIgfLzzqQm1gm4IXrvaJ2_lU",mdrd: "fJK8IQnN9M2zzv4cj.GPZ1LMn3nrU2lRXPGiwqFYtrc-1739789914-1.2.1.1-MwaRKyk7xBLfUJ.vVQp8EzVEou7ecm6Ug34eYbvPfNcOZXYXuYf9unQsa4ZcsL5zagUSn6j73URWjKQMGgkR06hp7QckOI_VI48bPaaC7EMpTKRdQ1VCzvoFvUss5L0Btp8RNwPUTkIGoFhJ2eQkA3pBiNOpT6HI3Hn7PLcLLpPaoaQWHxN9JdDvLA_zZDCd9VUDdSDIpDto7bgg.Lg69fwjVbCeM7xPuzubIcHErmx_GLU5v2Jm93wdZ5FhlAwNxrWEFm8NbTev5odPPDB1T1RcnIYFPcUVNbKtPdXGuHrk4YtkN1VXChavyU_CgvEiMfGCZvev5Y.5GIA1w0NHueh5Qk11vrZVaP4Sm7RTwdivGTK0N7N5MafVP.n06UhqWGFbLY22I_dttxwdjKVjYl.MtrdxPYuI3yQtBO3gdFGduicacnEI2EzD1QpVtJnAdIF7xZdcIW_lz9tC3_mSc01BuDGqJ0nYKzQ59oM5UuVB48W.GJ4qmYBkjg3IeDQ.0ZMGY3EgF4ojf.gbvlGnDL43xe6cP0dUaICPeiz4c9vnwmigT2aP27nJMtdsIvK3tyyKcE0BJolUxuhyTEo2yP21xkaY2Stiim43WGLlr4EwfQ4i36Ln9CuxVaGkOfpb9lZUY9hvej7To.fhjGBP5nZgBYXLMtUpoNR8V17ZvjP1BaZ6btfkM3GQD.3HaQcWSgswRMhaOWke8WlABL_vyLOKOyU8dgcwwzeD3aftAM6dJooLoQ3xJzc_ehtI4_wjZx5qA4MQy7Y4M_FPQfjx.oSz4wjg7JdLQF1aJeBsM58qRY_2F_o3A_r3W13LAICk52QgYGBYiMzsTKbQo_k_lH2fmhY7frJk6Z3qR_KzQFxnwbfLGsu62enui3QE5_ty33Aw60d9EeTyNYvIa5TkHzNklGR2xWN6oKixsQh9l.sIqfMOb0iwvzokLfv.mc5wf1xU_2M8jTdZZwwr9Joxtv.ki5hWfaSlOBUHBaKa93BYeDTLL8.swyUZlC1o9snwc0E2rqUNoLsIv4XHzfydzNxlanOob5ppzBH.gBjEpDsqaSrayvD5IyFFZQ0oi.p0oWpJC8LwEYeVGIoMNUV9USzzB8.ZuRw04Vt4aYsqH3rLY5AUMJAEsNFMdZ5GugCvfPHJPwOTp168EUaCXNdiUHuwoeqbVAI3fzH3eQ0lSGoZNNwOO3grcPRYT9lwCOn6uQl.yjWuZZB32l7Uxds.JneVLPMwUuhOUTR8siP1xysXw9IxXLQGkS0cGB1iGHdwaMDgIkXmxy1rtIZpJaxUkqUWTqissVbVoLWz3C10Dqvqgrk9v2qc8f4zRr6YdEk9FeAvNllSeXyOPysw.pM0iewl.siWOHB8wxEFSDk2BH0ve8LFHwumRuFcUkWD2VZ4M59TgIfhlBa5HvykehVUQvJKq0sy4oIj2FdXy9hpSEDn4WkwHUChNb4E3QpwDoVoMkuEeej7kSP3a7O2dLqcKw7KfP3Psw49SoWO87yrrlDxnXthSDK3.4AH1GMWjO_SYRqvAlOHdKJiYXcwzjbHfMR02cTEoAtjU9WrR7YyeX72d0CI9HaLNh6FovaaGJvs36MwoDkb8_s9tVvLXjNXjALHEDLYPkRviuMagwGLN7wmBj1mktqQjY5ev7JpRRKJWHBR1rQ6ZRWpNdIEVgHjzKS.yd9qiO5LPVo_Xw27hRjORvOm9hgnimlBxWEvhTxtTWsY2hgtyYaEL2ow0kFFgrD5I5iQKtvn2IRuoJzm1IhbTPdr1ufZjR2UmFxWmlQ_dV5xbglmyh.7JJUntay95EMHLpN5rkuG.T67ry7_0XTc8i.H.P_wsk.yL0vOsxyrDJohEWyyEs4cFwpzJh70SlM6EPC1PmJT6_mha_OFKdjGTJvsPib7K7rdWQiat9LTU2cg8YPdw5Eb2hzqlg2utCc13mfN9bqoMgbRTZlbmY7AzNFvq319TTnxrDbIZvmR2hvco6NE55GVIHVDw2ZMAg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91354352ec4e820a';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=psychopathy%20traits&__cf_chl_rt_tk=A4o3eQGxrmU0gmqWUJZhbtXc3xOx4LEaCCLAvpeGhSA-1739789914-1.0.1.1-yV6RxfNeUqvgG2G4FwYxPy4oMCUWh9SxSaZmEOdKM0M" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>