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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671799">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with the <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_massacre" title="Lawrence massacre">Lawrence massacre</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7427050">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Sacking of Lawrence</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Bleeding_Kansas" title="Bleeding Kansas">Bleeding Kansas</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sacking-lawrence.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Sacking-lawrence.jpg/300px-Sacking-lawrence.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Sacking-lawrence.jpg/450px-Sacking-lawrence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Sacking-lawrence.jpg/600px-Sacking-lawrence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1241" data-file-height="750" /></a></span><br />Ruins of Free State Hotel after the attack</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>May 21, 1856</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_County,_Kansas" title="Douglas County, Kansas">Douglas County, Kansas</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td> <p><a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">Pro-slavery</a> victory </p> <ul><li>Production of <i>Kansas Free State</i> ended; production of <i>Herald of Freedom</i> temporarily halted</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="Eldridge Hotel">Free State Hotel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_L._Robinson" title="Charles L. Robinson">Charles L. Robinson</a>'s house destroyed</li> <li>Lawrence looted</li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Free-Stater_(Kansas)" title="Free-Stater (Kansas)">Free-State</a> <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Abolitionism in the United States">Abolitionists</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">Pro-slavery</a> settlers</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_C._Pomeroy" title="Samuel C. Pomeroy">Samuel C. Pomeroy</a> (<i>de facto</i>)</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Jones" title="Samuel J. Jones">Samuel J. Jones</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> abolitionist civilians</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 800</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 1 wounded</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 1 dead</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Sacking of Lawrence</b> happened on May 21, 1856, when pro-<a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slavery</a> people came to <a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Kansas" title="Lawrence, Kansas">Lawrence, Kansas</a> and attacked it. Lawrence was an anti-slavery town. They were led by <a href="/wiki/Douglas_County,_Kansas" title="Douglas County, Kansas">Douglas County</a> Sheriff <a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Jones" title="Samuel J. Jones">Samuel J. Jones</a>. The attack made the <a href="/wiki/Guerilla_warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerilla warfare">irregular conflict</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kansas_Territory" title="Kansas Territory">Kansas Territory</a> worse. The conflicts later became known as "<a href="/wiki/Bleeding_Kansas" title="Bleeding Kansas">Bleeding Kansas</a>". </p><p>Only one person died, and his death was by accident. However, the pro-slavery people destroyed two <a href="/wiki/Free-Stater_(Kansas)" title="Free-Stater (Kansas)">free-state</a> <a href="/wiki/Newspapers" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers">newspapers</a>, the <i>Kansas Free State</i> and the <i>Herald of Freedom</i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Before">Before</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacking_of_Lawrence&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Before" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacking_of_Lawrence&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Before"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Kansas" title="Lawrence, Kansas">Lawrence, Kansas</a> was created in 1854 by anti-slavery people. They often were attacked by pro-slavery people because Lawrence was anti-slavery. Lawrence had almost been attacked during the <a href="/wiki/Wakarusa_War" title="Wakarusa War">Wakarusa War</a> in 1855.<sup id="cite_ref-ball_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ball-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jbink_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jbink-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pro-slavery sheriff Samuel Jones was shot when he was trying to arrest anti-slavery people. Many anti-slavery people believed that Jones being shot was the cause of the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-ball_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ball-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jbink_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jbink-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lawrence people made Jones leave after he was shot. Federal Marshal Israel B. Donaldson said that Jones being shot stopped him from following <a href="/wiki/Warrant" class="mw-disambig" title="Warrant">warrants</a>. He decided to send 800 pro-slavery men to Lawrence to destroy anti-slavery newspapers and destroy the Free State Hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sack">Sack</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacking_of_Lawrence&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Sack" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacking_of_Lawrence&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Sack"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liberty-canon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Liberty-canon.jpg/220px-Liberty-canon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Liberty-canon.jpg/330px-Liberty-canon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Liberty-canon.jpg/440px-Liberty-canon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2460" data-file-height="1901" /></a><figcaption>The "Old Sacramento" cannon taken by U.S. during the <a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a> in 1847 and taken to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberty_Arsenal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberty Arsenal (not yet started)">Liberty Arsenal</a>. The cannon was fired by pro-slavery people during the Siege of Lawrence.</figcaption></figure> <p>On May 21, 1856, Jones and Donaldson came to Lawrence. A group of many men were on <a href="/wiki/Mount_Oread" title="Mount Oread">Mount Oread</a>, and they had a <a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">cannon</a>. <a href="/wiki/Charles_L._Robinson" title="Charles L. Robinson">Charles L. Robinson</a>'s house was taken over and used as Jones's <a href="/wiki/Headquarters" title="Headquarters">headquarters</a>. Jones's men guarded the roads that went in and out of Lawrence to stop people from leaving. Jones's men flew many flags, such as the state flags of <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>. Many flags had anti-Free State or pro-slavery messages on them such as "Kansas the Outpost", "Southern Rights", and "Supremacy of the White Race").<sup id="cite_ref-mon_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mon-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shalor Eldridge, the owner of the Free State Hotel, learned of the coming pro-slavery men, and he came to meet them. Donaldson told him that he and his men would attack Lawrence only if the people of Lawrence resisted his men. Donaldson and Eldridge went to the Free State Hotel. There, Eldridge cooked a good meal that had fresh food and expensive wine. He made this meal so that Donaldson and his men would stay calm.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eldridge was interviewed by Donaldson while he and his men continued to eat the meal, then they left without paying. Shortly after, Donaldson let Jones command his men.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jones then asked to talk to a representative of the town. <a href="/wiki/Samuel_C._Pomeroy" title="Samuel C. Pomeroy">Samuel C. Pomeroy</a> agreed to meet with Jones and talk to him about the situation. Jones was clear in what he wanted: for the people of Lawrence to give up all of their weapons. Pomeroy argued that there was not much he could do about that, since it was for the people to decide if they would give up their weapons. However, hoping to convince Jones to leave the city peacefully, Pomeroy agreed to give the city's only <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a> piece.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chapter7_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chapter7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Jones did take this cannon, it did not convince him as Pomeroy had hoped. </p><p>It was the "Old Sacramento" cannon that the pro-slavers used to try to destroy the Free State Hotel. This weapon had been kept in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberty_Arsenal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberty Arsenal (not yet started)">Liberty Arsenal</a> until it was taken by pro-slavery forces in 1855.<sup id="cite_ref-cannonoffreedm_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cannonoffreedm-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-scharff_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scharff-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (The cannon would eventually be taken by free-staters later in 1856 during the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franklin,_Douglas_County,_Kansas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franklin, Douglas County, Kansas (not yet started)">Second Battle of Franklin</a>.)<sup id="cite_ref-cannonoffreedm_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cannonoffreedm-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While Jones and his men were trying to destory the hotel, the printing offices of the <i>Kansas Free State</i> and the <i>Herald of Freedom</i> were destroyed; their libraries were thrown out the window, the presses were smashed, and the <a href="/wiki/Sort_(typesetting)" title="Sort (typesetting)">type</a> was thrown in the river.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Any papers left were either thrown into the wind to be carried off or were used by Jones and his men to burn down the Free State Hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-mon_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mon-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chapter6_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chapter6-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the newspapers and the hotel were destoryed, Jones's men then <a href="/wiki/Loot" class="mw-redirect" title="Loot">looted</a> the town.<sup id="cite_ref-mon_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mon-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chapter6_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chapter6-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As they retreated, they burned Robinson's home on Mount Oread for good measure.<sup id="cite_ref-chapter6_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chapter6-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One person—a member of Jones's gang—died during the attack when he was hit in the head by a falling bit of the Free State Hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-burt_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-burt-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="After">After</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacking_of_Lawrence&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: After" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacking_of_Lawrence&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: After"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the Free State Hotel was destroyed, a man named Shalor Eldridge bought the destroyed ruins of the building. He decided to rebuild it as the "<a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="Eldridge Hotel">Eldridge House</a>". This building remained until 1863, when it was burned down by <a href="/wiki/William_Quantrill" title="William Quantrill">William Quantrill</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Massacre">Lawrence Massacre</a> (after which it would be rebuilt two more times in 1866 and 1926, respectively).<sup id="cite_ref-outstory_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-outstory-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For a many months after the Sack of Lawrence, the city was without a free state newspaper. This was made worse by the fact that Josiah Miller, who ran the <i>Kansas Free State</i>, decided not to start his newspaper again. George Brown restarted the <i>Herald of Freedom</i> in November 1857, so Lawrence had a newspaper again.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lawrence's only cannon was lost due to the sacking. This would be at least one reason that Free-Staters would attack <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franklin%27s_Fort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franklin's Fort (not yet started)">Franklin's Fort</a> in June and August of 1856; they hoped to get the "Old Sacramento" cannon so they could use it.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacking_of_Lawrence&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacking_of_Lawrence&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The type would later be scavenged and melted down by the free-stater Thomas Bickerton, who used it to make cannonballs for the "Old Sacramento" cannon, after the artillery piece was captured during the attack on <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franklin%27s_Fort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franklin's Fort (not yet started)">Franklin's Fort</a> (August 12, 1856).<sup id="cite_ref-cannonoffreedm_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cannonoffreedm-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724317"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ball-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ball_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ball_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDurwood_Ball2001" class="citation book cs1">Durwood Ball (2001). <i>Army Regulars on the Western Frontier, 1848–1861</i>. <a href="/wiki/Norman,_Oklahoma" title="Norman, Oklahoma">Norman, Oklahoma</a>: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oklahoma_Press" title="University of Oklahoma Press">University of Oklahoma Press</a>. p. 174.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Army+Regulars+on+the+Western+Frontier%2C+1848%E2%80%931861&rft.place=Norman%2C+Oklahoma&rft.pages=174&rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.au=Durwood+Ball&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jbink-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jbink_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jbink_2-1">2.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFConnelley2018" class="citation book cs1">Connelley, William Elsey (2018) [1900]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ry5MDwAAQBAJ&dq=a+free+state+man+named+charles+lenhart&pg=PA53"><i>John Brown in Kansas</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">Topeka, KS</a>: Crane and Company. p. 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781387365135" title="Special:BookSources/9781387365135"><bdi>9781387365135</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 23,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Brown+in+Kansas&rft.place=Topeka%2C+KS&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Crane+and+Company&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781387365135&rft.aulast=Connelley&rft.aufirst=William+Elsey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dry5MDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3Da%2Bfree%2Bstate%2Bman%2Bnamed%2Bcharles%2Blenhart%26pg%3DPA53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFDurwood_Ball2001" class="citation book cs1">Durwood Ball (2001). <i>Army Regulars on the Western Frontier, 1848–1861</i>. <a href="/wiki/Norman,_Oklahoma" title="Norman, Oklahoma">Norman, Oklahoma</a>: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oklahoma_Press" title="University of Oklahoma Press">University of Oklahoma Press</a>. p. 175.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Army+Regulars+on+the+Western+Frontier%2C+1848%E2%80%931861&rft.place=Norman%2C+Oklahoma&rft.pages=175&rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.au=Durwood+Ball&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFMonaghan,_Jay1984" class="citation book cs1">Monaghan, Jay (1984). <i>Civil War on the Western Border, 1854–1865</i>. <a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln, Nebraska</a>: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska_Press" title="University of Nebraska Press">University of Nebraska Press</a>. p. 57.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Civil+War+on+the+Western+Border%2C+1854%E2%80%931865&rft.place=Lincoln%2C+Nebraska&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.au=Monaghan%2C+Jay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFGriffin,_C._S.1968" class="citation journal cs1">Griffin, C. S. (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kshs.org/p/the-university-of-kansas-and-the-sack-of-lawrence/13191">"The University of Kansas and the Sack of Lawrence: A Problem of Intellectual Honesty"</a>. <i>Kansas History: A Journal of the Central Plains</i>. <b>34</b> (4): 409–26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kansas+History%3A+A+Journal+of+the+Central+Plains&rft.atitle=The+University+of+Kansas+and+the+Sack+of+Lawrence%3A+A+Problem+of+Intellectual+Honesty&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=409-26&rft.date=1968&rft.au=Griffin%2C+C.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kshs.org%2Fp%2Fthe-university-of-kansas-and-the-sack-of-lawrence%2F13191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mon-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-mon_6-0">6.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-mon_6-1">6.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-mon_6-2">6.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFMonaghan,_Jay1984" class="citation book cs1">Monaghan, Jay (1984). <i>Civil War on the Western Border, 1854–1865</i>. <a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln, Nebraska</a>: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska_Press" title="University of Nebraska Press">University of Nebraska Press</a>. p. 57–8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Civil+War+on+the+Western+Border%2C+1854%E2%80%931865&rft.place=Lincoln%2C+Nebraska&rft.pages=57-8&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.au=Monaghan%2C+Jay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nyt_7-0">7.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nyt_7-1">7.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Razing Hotel that Played Big Part in Kansas Slavery Fight". <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>. March 30, 1924. p. X17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Razing+Hotel+that+Played+Big+Part+in+Kansas+Slavery+Fight&rft.pages=X17&rft.date=1924-03-30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFLitteer,_Loren1987" class="citation book cs1">Litteer, Loren (1987). <i><span></span>'Bleeding Kansas': The Border War in Douglas and Adjacent Counties</i>. <a href="/wiki/Baldwin_City,_Kansas" title="Baldwin City, Kansas">Baldwin City, Kansas</a>: Champion Publishing. p. 37.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%27Bleeding+Kansas%27%3A+The+Border+War+in+Douglas+and+Adjacent+Counties&rft.place=Baldwin+City%2C+Kansas&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=Champion+Publishing&rft.date=1987&rft.au=Litteer%2C+Loren&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chapter7-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-chapter7_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFCordley,_Richard1895" class="citation book cs1">Cordley, Richard (1895). "Chapter VII". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kancoll.org/books/cordley_history/ch_ch07.htm"><i>A History of Lawrence Kansas, from the Earliest Settlement to the Close of the Rebellion</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_KS" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence, KS">Lawrence, KS</a>: Lawrence Journal Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2017</span>. <q>The only cannon the free-state men possessed had been surrendered at the sacking of Lawrence in May.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+VII&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Lawrence+Kansas%2C+from+the+Earliest+Settlement+to+the+Close+of+the+Rebellion&rft.place=Lawrence%2C+KS&rft.pub=Lawrence+Journal+Press&rft.date=1895&rft.au=Cordley%2C+Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kancoll.org%2Fbooks%2Fcordley_history%2Fch_ch07.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cannonoffreedm-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-cannonoffreedm_10-0">10.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-cannonoffreedm_10-1">10.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-cannonoffreedm_10-2">10.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFButler" class="citation journal cs1">Butler, Maria. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/kansas/Old-Sacramento.pdf">"Old Sacramento: Cannon of Crisis, Cannon of Freedom"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Douglas_County,_KS" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas County, KS">Douglas County Historical Society Newsletter</a></i>. <b>27</b> (3): 2, 4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Douglas+County+Historical+Society+Newsletter&rft.atitle=Old+Sacramento%3A+Cannon+of+Crisis%2C+Cannon+of+Freedom&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=2%2C+4&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latinamericanstudies.org%2Fkansas%2FOld-Sacramento.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-scharff-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-scharff_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFScharff2015" class="citation book cs1">Scharff, Virginia, ed. (2015). <i>Empire and Liberty: The Civil War and the West</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, CA</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_California_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of California Press (not yet started)">University of California Press</a>. pp. 58–59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520281264" title="Special:BookSources/9780520281264"><bdi>9780520281264</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Empire+and+Liberty%3A+The+Civil+War+and+the+West&rft.place=Oakland%2C+CA&rft.pages=58-59&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780520281264&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chapter6-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chapter6_13-0">12.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chapter6_13-1">12.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chapter6_13-2">12.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFCordley,_Richard1895" class="citation book cs1">Cordley, Richard (1895). "Chapter VI". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kancoll.org/books/cordley_history/ch_ch06.htm"><i>A History of Lawrence Kansas, from the Earliest Settlement to the Close of the Rebellion</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_KS" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence, KS">Lawrence, KS</a>: Lawrence Journal Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+VI&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Lawrence+Kansas%2C+from+the+Earliest+Settlement+to+the+Close+of+the+Rebellion&rft.place=Lawrence%2C+KS&rft.pub=Lawrence+Journal+Press&rft.date=1895&rft.au=Cordley%2C+Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kancoll.org%2Fbooks%2Fcordley_history%2Fch_ch06.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-burt-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-burt_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFBurt2013" class="citation book cs1">Burt, John (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lincolnstragicpr0000burt"><i>Lincoln's Tragic Pragmatism: Lincoln, Douglas, and Moral Conflict</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_MA" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge, MA">Cambridge, MA</a>: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674070530" title="Special:BookSources/9780674070530"><bdi>9780674070530</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lincoln%27s+Tragic+Pragmatism%3A+Lincoln%2C+Douglas%2C+and+Moral+Conflict&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+MA&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780674070530&rft.aulast=Burt&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flincolnstragicpr0000burt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFDrake,_Ross2004" class="citation journal cs1">Drake, Ross (May 1, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-law-that-ripped-america-in-two-99723670/">"The Law That Ripped America In Two"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Magazine</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Law+That+Ripped+America+In+Two&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.au=Drake%2C+Ross&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fhistory%2Fthe-law-that-ripped-america-in-two-99723670%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-outstory-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-outstory_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170224070650/http://eldridgehotel.com/our-story/">"Our Story"</a>. Eldridge Hotel. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eldridgehotel.com/our-story/">the original</a> on February 24, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 24,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+Story&rft.pub=Eldridge+Hotel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feldridgehotel.com%2Four-story%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFSutton2017" class="citation book cs1">Sutton, Robert (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/starkmadabolitio0000sutt"><i>Stark Mad Abolitionists: Lawrence, Kansas, and the Battle over Slavery in the Civil War Era</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City,_NY" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City, NY">New York City, NY</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skyhorse_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skyhorse Publishing (not yet started)">Skyhorse Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781510716513" title="Special:BookSources/9781510716513"><bdi>9781510716513</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stark+Mad+Abolitionists%3A+Lawrence%2C+Kansas%2C+and+the+Battle+over+Slavery+in+the+Civil+War+Era&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+NY&rft.pub=Skyhorse+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781510716513&rft.aulast=Sutton&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstarkmadabolitio0000sutt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFCordley,_Richard1895" class="citation book cs1">Cordley, Richard (1895). "Chapter VII". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kancoll.org/books/cordley_history/ch_ch07.htm"><i>A History of Lawrence Kansas, from the Earliest Settlement to the Close of the Rebellion</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_KS" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence, KS">Lawrence, KS</a>: Lawrence Journal Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+VII&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Lawrence+Kansas%2C+from+the+Earliest+Settlement+to+the+Close+of+the+Rebellion&rft.place=Lawrence%2C+KS&rft.pub=Lawrence+Journal+Press&rft.date=1895&rft.au=Cordley%2C+Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kancoll.org%2Fbooks%2Fcordley_history%2Fch_ch07.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASacking+of+Lawrence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacking_of_Lawrence&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sacking_of_Lawrence&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/lawrencesack.htm">Eyewitness account of the Sack of Lawrence, 1856</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kshs.org/publicat/khq/1968/68_4_griffin.htm">Griffin, C. S. "The University of Kansas and the Sack of Lawrence: A Problem of Intellectual Honesty." <i>Kansas Historical Quarterly</i> 34, no. 4 (Winter 1968): 409–426. </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Smiley" title="Jane Smiley">Smiley, Jane.</a> <i>The All-True Travels and Adventures of Lidie Newton: A Novel</i> (1998; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-00-225743-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-00-225743-2">0-00-225743-2</a>). Historical book about the sack of <a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Kansas" title="Lawrence, Kansas">Lawrence</a> and other events in Kansas Territory's history.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.territorialkansasonline.org/~imlskto/cgi-bin/index.php">Territorial Kansas Online: A Virtual Repository for Kansas Territorial History.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090713042850/http://www.territorialkansasonline.org/~imlskto/cgi-bin/index.php">Archived</a> 2009-07-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9430902">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sacking_of_Lawrence&params=38_57_36_N_95_15_12_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°57′36″N</span> <span class="longitude">95°15′12″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.96000°N 95.25333°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.96000; -95.25333</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122492">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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4em"><a href="/wiki/Kansas_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Kansas in the American Civil War">Kansas in the American Civil War</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">Pre-War</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kansas%E2%80%93Nebraska_Act" title="Kansas–Nebraska Act">Kansas–Nebraska Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleeding_Kansas" title="Bleeding Kansas">Bleeding Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakarusa_War" title="Wakarusa War">Wakarusa War</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sacking of Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottawatomie_massacre" title="Pottawatomie massacre">Pottawatomie massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Black_Jack" title="Battle of Black Jack">Battle of Black Jack</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franklin,_Douglas_County,_Kansas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franklin, Douglas County, Kansas (not yet started)">First and Second Battles of Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fort_Titus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Fort Titus (not yet started)">Battle of Fort Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osawatomie" title="Battle of Osawatomie">Battle of Osawatomie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marais_des_Cygnes_massacre" title="Marais des Cygnes massacre">Marais des Cygnes massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kansas_(1927%E2%80%931961).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kansas State Flag"><img alt="Kansas State Flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Kansas_%281927%E2%80%931961%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_Kansas_%281927%E2%80%931961%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Kansas_%281927%E2%80%931961%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_Kansas_%281927%E2%80%931961%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Kansas_%281927%E2%80%931961%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_Kansas_%281927%E2%80%931961%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">September 1861</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dry_Wood_Creek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dry Wood Creek (not yet started)">Battle of Dry Wood Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacking_of_Osceola" title="Sacking of Osceola">Sacking of Osceola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">August 1863</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_massacre" title="Lawrence massacre">Lawrence massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Order_No._11_(1863)" title="General Order No. 11 (1863)">General Order No. 11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">October 1863</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baxter_Springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Baxter Springs">Baxter Springs massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">October 1864</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marais_des_Cygnes" title="Battle of Marais des Cygnes">Battle of Marais des Cygnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mine_Creek" title="Battle of Mine Creek">Battle of Mine Creek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;font-weight: bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a 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