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<span>Security</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pre-Christian_accounts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-Christian_accounts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Pre-Christian accounts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-Christian_accounts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_Christian_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_Christian_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Early Christian history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_Christian_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Raids_of_Persians_and_Kurds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Raids_of_Persians_and_Kurds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Raids of Persians and Kurds</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Raids_of_Persians_and_Kurds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persian–Ottoman_wars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persian–Ottoman_wars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Persian–Ottoman wars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persian–Ottoman_wars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_2003_US_invasion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_2003_US_invasion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>After the 2003 US invasion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_2003_US_invasion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Politics_since_2005" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics_since_2005"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.1</span> <span>Politics since 2005</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics_since_2005-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IS_attacks_and_invasion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IS_attacks_and_invasion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>IS attacks and invasion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IS_attacks_and_invasion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post–IS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post–IS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Post–IS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post–IS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Archaeology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaeology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown 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class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="بغديدا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بغديدا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%92%DC%93%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%95%DC%90" title="ܒܓܕܝܕܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܒܓܕܝܕܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C9%99qdid%C9%99" title="Bəqdidə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bəqdidə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Hamdaniya" title="Al-Hamdaniya – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Al-Hamdaniya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karako%C5%A1" title="Karakoš – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Karakoš" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakhdida" title="Bakhdida – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bakhdida" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdida" title="Baghdida – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Baghdida" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajdida" title="Bajdida – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bajdida" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="بغدیدا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بغدیدا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakhdida" title="Bakhdida – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bakhdida" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%A1" title="Բախտիդա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բախտիդա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="بغديدا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بغديدا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakhdida" title="Bakhdida – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bakhdida" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakhdida" title="Bakhdida – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bakhdida" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Hamdanijja" title="Al-Hamdanijja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Al-Hamdanijja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Бахдида – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бахдида" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D9%82%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B4" title="قەرەقووش – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="قەرەقووش" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdida" title="Bagdida – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bagdida" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakhdida" title="Bakhdida – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bakhdida" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%81" title="بغدیدہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بغدیدہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2995584#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Qaraqosh" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Qaraqosh&params=36_16_11_N_43_22_39_E_region:IQ-NI_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">36°16′11″N</span> <span class="longitude">43°22′39″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">36.26972°N 43.37750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">36.26972; 43.37750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bakhdida&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakhdida">Bakhdida</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in Nineveh, Iraq</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place in Nineveh, Iraq</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive 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.ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Qaraqosh</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Syriac-language text"><span lang="syr" dir="rtl">ܩܪܩܘ݂ܫ</span></span></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iraqvillagebaghdeda.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A view of Bakhdida"><img alt="A view of Bakhdida" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Iraqvillagebaghdeda.JPG/250px-Iraqvillagebaghdeda.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Iraqvillagebaghdeda.JPG/375px-Iraqvillagebaghdeda.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Iraqvillagebaghdeda.JPG/500px-Iraqvillagebaghdeda.JPG 2x" data-file-width="796" data-file-height="597" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">A view of Bakhdida</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iraq_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Qaraqosh is located in Iraq"><img alt="Qaraqosh is located in Iraq" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Iraq_adm_location_map.svg/250px-Iraq_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Iraq_adm_location_map.svg/375px-Iraq_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Iraq_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Iraq_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="1263" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:15.379%;left:47.405%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Qaraqosh"><img alt="Qaraqosh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Qaraqosh</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Qaraqosh&params=36_16_11_N_43_22_39_E_region:IQ-NI_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">36°16′11″N</span> <span class="longitude">43°22′39″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">36.26972°N 43.37750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">36.26972; 43.37750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Countries of the world">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Governorate</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Governorate" title="Nineveh Governorate">Nineveh</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Municipality</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Al-Hamdaniya_District" title="Al-Hamdaniya District">Al-Hamdaniya District</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Isam Behnam Da'aboul</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">35,000 <span style="font-size:85%;">(current)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-contested_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-contested-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> </th><td class="infobox-data">50,000 <span style="font-size:85%;">(prior to IS invasion)</span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-contested_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-contested-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabia_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabia Standard Time">Arabia Standard Time</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Qaraqosh</b> (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>: <span lang="syr" dir="rtl">ܩܪܩܘ݂ܫ</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Syriac" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Syriac">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Syriac-language romanization"><i lang="syr-Latn">Qaraqoš</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">بغديدا</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Baḡdīda</i></span> (official name), or <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">بخديدا</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Baḵdīda</i></span>, also known as <b>al-Ḥamdāniyya</b> or <b>Qara-Qūš;</b> a Turkic placename meaning "Black Bird"), is an <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrian</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> city in the <a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Governorate" title="Nineveh Governorate">Nineveh Governorate</a>, of <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> located about 32 kilometres (20 mi) southeast of the city of <a href="/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a> and 60 kilometres (37 mi) west of <a href="/wiki/Erbil" title="Erbil">Erbil</a> amid agricultural lands, close to the ruins of the ancient <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyrian</a> cities <a href="/wiki/Kalhu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalhu">Kalhu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nineveh" title="Nineveh">Nineveh</a>. </p><p>Qaraqosh is connected to the main city of Mosul by two main roads. The first runs through the Assyrian towns of <a href="/wiki/Bartella" title="Bartella">Bartella</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karamlesh" title="Karamlesh">Karamlesh</a>, which connects to the city of <a href="/wiki/Erbil" title="Erbil">Erbil</a> as well. The second, which was gravel before being paved in the 1990s, is direct to Mosul. All of its <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian Christian">Assyrian Christian</a> citizens fled to the <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Region" title="Kurdistan Region">Kurdistan Region</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State" title="Islamic State">IS</a> invasion on August 6, 2014. The town was under control of IS until October 19, 2016, when it was liberated as part of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mosul_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Battle of Mosul (2016–2017)">Battle of Mosul</a> after which residents have begun to return.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters.com_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters.com-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Local <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrians</a>, who are ethnically distinct from Arabs and Kurds, speak the <a href="/wiki/Qaraqosh_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Qaraqosh dialect">Qaraqosh dialect</a> of <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Neo-Aramaic" title="Northeastern Neo-Aramaic">Northeastern Neo-Aramaic</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The present name of the town, Qaraqosh, is first attested in a source from the sixteenth century. It is of <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> origin, meaning 'Black Bird', and was introduced either by the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottomans</a> after their conquest of the area at the beginning of the sixteenth century or by the <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen" title="Iraqi Turkmen">Turkmen</a> rulers of the region in the fifteenth century. The local population, however, when speaking in their Aramaic dialect, still refer to the town by its former name.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name <b>Bakhdida</b> (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>: <span lang="syr" dir="rtl">ܒܝܬ ܟܘܕܝܕܐ</span>; <b>Beth Khdeda</b>), is of uncertain origin and when translated from the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac language</a> it has two components <i>Beth</i> which means "house", and Khodida which could either mean "Youths" in <a href="/wiki/Aramaic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Aramaic language">Aramaic</a> or actually "Baghdadak" a diminutive form of Baghdad, <a href="/wiki/Old_Persian" title="Old Persian">Old Persian</a> meaning "God's gift". Some also believe that Bakhdida comes from the Aramaic <i>Beth Deta</i>, meaning "Land of the <a href="/wiki/Kite_(bird)" title="Kite (bird)">Kite</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Security">Security</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Security"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of October 2016, the city is under the control of the <a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Plain_Protection_Units" title="Nineveh Plain Protection Units">Nineveh Plain Protection Units</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 25, 2017; Nineveh Plain Protection Units (NPU) celebrated the completion of its new military camp in Bakhdida, Nineveh Plain.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Students from the village were harassed in <a href="/wiki/Mosul_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosul University">University of Mosul</a>; many female students were forced to wear an Islamic dress for fear of being attacked.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On May 2, 2010, a convoy of buses carrying students from Bakhdida to the University of Mosul was the target of a coordinated attack, which killed and injured more than a hundred.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Iraqi Ministry of Education started the construction of a subsidiary of the University of Mosul which in 2014 became the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uohamdaniya.edu.iq/en/">University of AL-Hamdaniya</a>, which is planned to serve the whole <a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Plains" title="Nineveh Plains">Nineveh Plains</a> region.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uohamdaniya.edu.iq/en/">University of AL-Hamdaniya</a> currently consists of two colleges: The college of Education and the college of Administration and Economics. The University is based at the Mosul-Erbil road, Al-Hamdaniya intersection.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-Christian_accounts">Pre-Christian accounts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Pre-Christian accounts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BM;_RM6_-_ANE,_Assyrian_Sculpture_14_West_Wall_(M_%2B_N)_~_Assyrian_Empire_%2B_Lamassu,_Gates_at_Balawat,_Relief_Panel%27s_%26_Full_Projection.3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/BM%3B_RM6_-_ANE%2C_Assyrian_Sculpture_14_West_Wall_%28M_%2B_N%29_~_Assyrian_Empire_%2B_Lamassu%2C_Gates_at_Balawat%2C_Relief_Panel%27s_%26_Full_Projection.3.jpg/220px-BM%3B_RM6_-_ANE%2C_Assyrian_Sculpture_14_West_Wall_%28M_%2B_N%29_~_Assyrian_Empire_%2B_Lamassu%2C_Gates_at_Balawat%2C_Relief_Panel%27s_%26_Full_Projection.3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/BM%3B_RM6_-_ANE%2C_Assyrian_Sculpture_14_West_Wall_%28M_%2B_N%29_~_Assyrian_Empire_%2B_Lamassu%2C_Gates_at_Balawat%2C_Relief_Panel%27s_%26_Full_Projection.3.jpg/330px-BM%3B_RM6_-_ANE%2C_Assyrian_Sculpture_14_West_Wall_%28M_%2B_N%29_~_Assyrian_Empire_%2B_Lamassu%2C_Gates_at_Balawat%2C_Relief_Panel%27s_%26_Full_Projection.3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/BM%3B_RM6_-_ANE%2C_Assyrian_Sculpture_14_West_Wall_%28M_%2B_N%29_~_Assyrian_Empire_%2B_Lamassu%2C_Gates_at_Balawat%2C_Relief_Panel%27s_%26_Full_Projection.3.jpg/440px-BM%3B_RM6_-_ANE%2C_Assyrian_Sculpture_14_West_Wall_%28M_%2B_N%29_~_Assyrian_Empire_%2B_Lamassu%2C_Gates_at_Balawat%2C_Relief_Panel%27s_%26_Full_Projection.3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>"Balawat Gates" displayed at the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>It is thought that the ancient city of <i>Rasin</i> mentioned in some texts, the second city built by the Assyrian king Nimrud, was in Bakhdida.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_Christian_history">Early Christian history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Early Christian history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Assyrians of Bakhdida became Christians during early Christianity. With the Christological disputes of the 4th century, they followed the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East</a> teachings, but switched to the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a> through the influence of Shapur of Baghdeda in the 7th century and the arrival of Assyrian refugees from <a href="/wiki/Tikrit" title="Tikrit">Tikrit</a> in the 11th century.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Raids_of_Persians_and_Kurds">Raids of Persians and Kurds</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Raids of Persians and Kurds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Qatarta_d%27beth_Ina.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Qatarta_d%27beth_Ina.JPG/220px-Qatarta_d%27beth_Ina.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Qatarta_d%27beth_Ina.JPG/330px-Qatarta_d%27beth_Ina.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Qatarta_d%27beth_Ina.JPG/440px-Qatarta_d%27beth_Ina.JPG 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="787" /></a><figcaption> "Qaṭartā d'Beth īnā", an example of brick constructions in the old centre</figcaption></figure> <p>In their literature and writings, the Assyrians of Bakhdida remember vividly the raids of the <a href="/wiki/Persians" title="Persians">Persians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kurds" title="Kurds">Kurds</a> on their village and churches. In 1171, while the governors of Mosul and <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a> were fighting each other, the Kurds used the opportunity to attack the <a href="/wiki/Mor_Mattai_Monastery" title="Mor Mattai Monastery">Mor Mattai Monastery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the 13th-century writer <a href="/wiki/Bar_Hebraeus" title="Bar Hebraeus">Bar Hebraeus</a>, in 1261 the Kurds came down to Mosul, killing many Christians who refused to follow Islam and looting their homes and churches. The Kurds then occupied the <a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Saint_John_of_Dailam" title="Monastery of Saint John of Dailam">Monastery of Saint John of Dailam</a> and killed many of its <a href="/wiki/Nun" title="Nun">nuns</a> and those who had sought refuge there. In 1288, a battle took place between the Kurds and <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen" title="Iraqi Turkmen">Iraqi Turkmen</a> near Baghdida. In 1324 Baghdida was attacked by the Kurds again, in which many homes and four churches were burned.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Persian–Ottoman_wars"><span id="Persian.E2.80.93Ottoman_wars"></span>Persian–Ottoman wars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Persian–Ottoman wars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the early 18th century, Persians under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Nader_Shah" title="Nader Shah">Nader Shah</a> <a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Persian_War_(1743%E2%80%931746)" title="Ottoman–Persian War (1743–1746)">invaded the Mosul region</a> and most of the inhabitants of Baghdida escaped to Mosul with all their valuables, in accordance with the governor's orders. Mosul was harassed and then besieged for months. However, the Christians defended it and after months of blockade, the Persians finally signed a peace agreement with Mosul's governor Hasan Pasha Al Jalili, and withdrew in 1743. To reward the Christians for their bravery, the <a href="/wiki/Al-Jalili_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Jalili family">Jalili</a> governor permitted many churches in the Mosul region to be restored.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_2003_US_invasion">After the 2003 US invasion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: After the 2003 US invasion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Politics_since_2005">Politics since 2005</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Politics since 2005"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The people of Bakhdida <a href="/wiki/January_2005_Iraqi_parliamentary_election" title="January 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election">got the chance to vote</a> for the first time on 30 January 2005. The secular <a href="/wiki/Ayad_Allawi" title="Ayad Allawi">Ayad Allawi</a> led the votes in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However many Assyrians, <a href="/wiki/Shabaks" title="Shabaks">Shabaks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yazidis" title="Yazidis">Yazidis</a> were not allowed to vote, which led to demonstrations against the results.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table style="margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ayad_Allawi" title="Ayad Allawi">Ayad Allawi</a> Secular list </td> <td>3,080 </td> <td>31% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nahrain list (Assyrian list) </td> <td>2,664 </td> <td>27% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Democratic_Movement" title="Assyrian Democratic Movement">Assyrian Democratic Movement</a> </td> <td>2,466 </td> <td>25% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Patriotic_Alliance_of_Kurdistan" title="Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan">Kurdistan Alliance</a> </td> <td>744 </td> <td>7% </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The next <a href="/wiki/2010_Iraqi_parliamentary_election" title="2010 Iraqi parliamentary election">parliamentary elections</a> on 7 March 2010, saw the rise of local candidates with the <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Democratic_Movement" title="Assyrian Democratic Movement">Assyrian Democratic Movement</a> coming second. Only 52% of registered voters participated in this election.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the rise of extremism in Iraq shortly after the <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">US-led invasion</a>, many of the villagers in <a href="/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> were targeted for being Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 November 2006 <i>Yeshu' Hadaya</i>, the leader of a National Syriac movement was assassinated in Bakhdida.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IS_attacks_and_invasion">IS attacks and invasion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: IS attacks and invasion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Northern_Iraq_offensive_(June_2014)" title="Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014)">Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Iraq_offensive_(August_2014)" title="Northern Iraq offensive (August 2014)">Northern Iraq offensive (August 2014)</a></div> <p>At the beginning of July 2014, <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State" title="Islamic State">IS</a> forces attempted to occupy the city. The Kurdish <a href="/wiki/Peshmerga" title="Peshmerga">Peshmerga</a> and the Assyrian <a href="/wiki/Qaraqosh_Protection_Committee" title="Qaraqosh Protection Committee">Qaraqosh Protection Committee</a> successfully defended it, while elders, women, and children fled to neighboring towns, thus joining other Christian refugees from nearby <a href="/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a> that had previously escaped the city in fear of the extremists.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Islamists proceeded to cut off the town's water supply. This, together with the rise in the price of oil following IS's invasion of nearby oil field and an <a href="/wiki/Embargo" class="mw-redirect" title="Embargo">embargo</a> imposed by IS forcing nearby Muslim villages to stop trade with Bakhdida, rendered life difficult in the town also burdened with incoming refugees.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 6, 2014, the Kurdish troops withdrew from the city and the next day Islamists from IS invaded the city.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the population, including recent arrivals, was left joining the 150,000 Assyrians fleeing, though they were forced to walk towards <a href="/wiki/Erbil" title="Erbil">Erbil</a> without their cars and possessions as Kurdish forces feared Islamist infiltration.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All of its citizens fled to <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Region" title="Kurdistan Region">Kurdistan Region</a> after the IS invasion on 6 August 2014. The town was under control of IS until 19 October 2016, when it was liberated as part of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mosul_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Battle of Mosul (2016–2017)">Battle of Mosul</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters.com_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters.com-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post–IS"><span id="Post.E2.80.93IS"></span>Post–IS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Post–IS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Currently, the <a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Plain_Protection_Units" title="Nineveh Plain Protection Units">Nineveh Plain Protection Units</a> run the security profile in the city and participated alongside the <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqi Army">Iraqi Army</a> in the liberation efforts of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 26 September 2023, a <a href="/wiki/Qaraqosh_wedding_fire" title="Qaraqosh wedding fire">fire broke out at the Al Haytham Wedding Hall</a> during a <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Iraq" title="Christianity in Iraq">Syriac Catholic</a> wedding in the city, which killed at least 114 people, and injured 150.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is 32 miles (51 km) southeast of <a href="/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bakhdida has a <a href="/wiki/Hot-summer_Mediterranean_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot-summer Mediterranean climate">hot-summer Mediterranean climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> <i>Csa</i>). Most rain falls in the winter. The average annual temperature in Bakhdida is 20.7 °C (69.3 °F). About 468 mm (18.43 in) of precipitation falls annually. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Bakhdida </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9<br />(58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.1<br />(89.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.8<br />(101.8) </td> <td style="background: #EE0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.7<br />(108.9) </td> <td style="background: #F10000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.5<br />(108.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.2<br />(100.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8<br />(87.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9<br />(71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7<br />(58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">27.7<br />(81.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(35.8) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(43.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6<br />(51.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.8<br />(60.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4<br />(74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(38.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78<br />(3.1) </td> <td style="background: #7D7DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79<br />(3.1) </td> <td style="background: #7B7BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88<br />(3.5) </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64<br />(2.5) </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15<br />(0.6) </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49<br />(1.9) </td> <td style="background: #9898FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69<br />(2.7) </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">468<br />(18.4) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Climate-Data.org, Climate data </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeology">Archaeology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the late 19th century, various locations on the outskirts of the town were excavated by <a href="/wiki/Hormuzd_Rassam" title="Hormuzd Rassam">Hormuzd Rassam</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Balawat" title="Balawat">Balawat</a> (the ancient Assyrian city of Imgur-Enlil) a number of Assyrian artifacts have been excavated; they are currently displayed in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mosul_Museum" title="Mosul Museum">Mosul Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a lot of interest in the archaeology of Baghdida today. It has many Assyrian remains, like those of Tel Bashmoni (Beth Shmoni), Tel Muqortaya, Tel Karamles, Tel Mar Bihnam and others. These mounds were fortresses, temples or buildings that belonged to the Assyrian capital of <a href="/wiki/Nimrud" title="Nimrud">Nimrud</a>. Throughout 1922, 1927, and 1935, archaeologists found gold pieces and cylinder seals, as well as an Assyrian statue (now in Mosul museum) in a well in the church of Mar Zina. In 1942 an Assyrian bathroom and several graves were found near the church of Bashmoni. Furthermore, during the 1980s excavations in the grounds of the Church of Mar Youhanna (Saint John), archaeologists found human remains inside graves in the eastern side and at a depth of one and a half metres. These graves were built with typical Assyrian large rectangular bricks. </p><p>References to Athur (Assyria) continued in texts from Bakhdida. Mapharian Athanasius Ibrahim II of Tur Abdin visited Tikrit, Baghdad, and Arbil to attend to his congregation. According to Afram Abdal al-Khouri and his book <i>al-Lu'lu' al-Nadheed fi Tareekh Deir Mar Bihnam al-Shaheed</i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>(<i>The Layers of Pearls in the History of the Monastery of Martyred Mar Bihnam</i>), 1951, p. 219, Sony writes: "in 1365 the Mapharian came to Athur or Mosul and was welcomed by Nour al-Din the Chief of Baghdeda … " (Sony 1998, 699). Last but not least, Sony writes that in 1294–1295 (according to the Mar Bihnam monastery archives) a certain king "came to Lower Athur, the city of Saint Mar Bihnam … " (Sony 1998, 95). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHanna2019" class="citation web cs1">Hanna, Reine (September 26, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2020</span>. <q>In the town of Bakhdida, for example, approximately 35,000 Christian Assyrian inhabitants have returned—70% of the town's original population</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Commission+on+International+Religious+Freedom&rft.atitle=Testimony+for+the+U.S.+Commission+on+International+Religious+Freedom+Religious+Minorities%27+Fight+to+Remain+in+Iraq&rft.date=2019-09-26&rft.aulast=Hanna&rft.aufirst=Reine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uscirf.gov%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FReine%2520Hanna-%2520Assyrian%2520Policy%2520Institute.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQaraqosh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-contested-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-contested_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-contested_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanna2020" class="citation web cs1">Hanna, Reine (June 1, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://50f3ad00-5b28-4016-898f-6130d301c97a.filesusr.com/ugd/6ae567_98f8f8912baa40949a18a3a0b717eaea.pdf">"Contested Control: The Future of Security in Iraq's Nineveh Plain"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Assyrian Policy Institute</i>. p. 42<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Assyrian+Christians+of+Iraq+Wanted+to+Vote+But+Were+Not+Allowed&rft.pub=Aina.org&rft.date=2005-02-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aina.org%2Fnews%2F20050227125922.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQaraqosh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.karemlees.com/t6123-topic">سير الأنتخابات في مراكز بغديدا وكرمليس</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, منظمة حمورابي لحقوق الأنسان</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/18462/new-archbishop-of-mosul-calls-persecuted-iraqi-christians-to-hope">"New Archbishop of Mosul calls persecuted Iraqi Christians to hope :: Catholic News Agency (CNA)"</a>. Catholic News Agency. January 27, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Archbishop+of+Mosul+calls+persecuted+Iraqi+Christians+to+hope+%3A%3A+Catholic+News+Agency+%28CNA%29&rft.pub=Catholic+News+Agency&rft.date=2010-01-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F18462%2Fnew-archbishop-of-mosul-calls-persecuted-iraqi-christians-to-hope&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQaraqosh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://election.elmarada.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=40465:%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%88-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82-%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%A7%D8%A1&catid=63:literature&Itemid=108">"مسيحيـــــو العـــــراق وتحديـــــات البقـــــاء"</a>. Election.elmarada.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%88+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82+%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D9%80%D8%A7%D8%A1&rft.pub=Election.elmarada.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Felection.elmarada.org%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D40465%3A%25D9%2585%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A%25D8%25AD%25D9%258A%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2588-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B9%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2582-%25D9%2588%25D8%25AA%25D8%25AD%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A8%25D9%2582%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D9%2580%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A1%26catid%3D63%3Aliterature%26Itemid%3D108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQaraqosh" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2016">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As reported by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/ausland/naher-osten/irakische-christen-stehen-unter-kurdischem-schutz-13032626.html">Frankfurter Allgemeine</a> (in German language)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[Iraq's Waterless Christians: The Campaign to Expel a Religion Business Week: Iraq's Waterless Christians: The Campaign to Expel a Religion]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As reported by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2014/08/07/97001-20140807FILWWW00062-irak-des-jihadistes-prennent-la-plus-grande-ville-chretienne-du-pays.php">Le Figaro</a> (in French language)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As reported by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fr.radiovaticana.va/news/2014/08/07/irak__les_chr%C3%A9tiens_contraints_de_fuir_qaraqosh/1104121">Radio Vatican</a> (in French language)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/02/16/iraq-looting-destruction-forces-fighting-isis">"Iraq: Looting, Destruction by Forces Fighting ISIS"</a>. <i>Human Rights Watch</i>. February 16, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.atitle=Iraq%3A+Looting%2C+Destruction+by+Forces+Fighting+ISIS&rft.date=2017-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fnews%2F2017%2F02%2F16%2Firaq-looting-destruction-forces-fighting-isis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQaraqosh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/26/world/middleeast/iraq-wedding-fire.html">"At Least 100 Are Killed in Fire at Wedding Hall in Iraq"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. September 26, 2023. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230927115531/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/26/world/middleeast/iraq-wedding-fire.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=At+Least+100+Are+Killed+in+Fire+at+Wedding+Hall+in+Iraq&rft.date=2023-09-26&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F09%2F26%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Firaq-wedding-fire.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQaraqosh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christiantoday.com/article/no.mass.said.in.mosul.for.first.time.in.1600.years.says.archbishop/38493.htm">No Mass said in Mosul for first time in 1,600 years, says Archbishop</a>" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140707040050/http://www.christiantoday.com/article/no.mass.said.in.mosul.for.first.time.in.1600.years.says.archbishop/38493.htm">Archive</a>). <i><a href="/wiki/Christian_Today" title="Christian Today">Christian Today</a></i>. June 28, 2014. Retrieved on July 7, 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/article_index/b/balawat_ancient_imgur-enlil.aspx">"Balawat (ancient Imgur-Enlil, Iraq)"</a>. British Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Balawat+%28ancient+Imgur-Enlil%2C+Iraq%29&rft.pub=British+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishmuseum.org%2Fexplore%2Fhighlights%2Farticle_index%2Fb%2Fbalawat_ancient_imgur-enlil.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQaraqosh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaraqosh&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ishtartv.com/en/viewarticle,35746.html—Service">http://www.ishtartv.com/en/viewarticle,35746.html—Service</a><sup class="noprint 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aria-labelledby="Assyrian_people" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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href="/wiki/Chaldean_Catholics" title="Chaldean Catholics">Chaldean Catholics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terms_for_Syriac_Christians" title="Terms for Syriac Christians">Terms for Syriac Christians</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Assyrians_(gold_and_blue_Assur).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Assyrian flag"><img alt="The Assyrian flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_the_Assyrians_%28gold_and_blue_Assur%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Assyrians_%28gold_and_blue_Assur%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_the_Assyrians_%28gold_and_blue_Assur%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Assyrians_%28gold_and_blue_Assur%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_the_Assyrians_%28gold_and_blue_Assur%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Assyrians_%28gold_and_blue_Assur%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_flag" title="Assyrian flag">Assyrian flag</a><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Syriac-Aramaic_People.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Syriac-Aramean flag"><img alt="The Syriac-Aramean flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_Syriac-Aramaic_People.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Syriac-Aramaic_People.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_Syriac-Aramaic_People.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Syriac-Aramaic_People.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_Syriac-Aramaic_People.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Syriac-Aramaic_People.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="750" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Aramean-Syriac_flag" title="Aramean-Syriac flag">Aramean-Syriac flag</a><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chaldean_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Chaldean flag"><img alt="The Chaldean flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Chaldean_flag.svg/100px-Chaldean_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Chaldean_flag.svg/150px-Chaldean_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Chaldean_flag.svg/200px-Chaldean_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Chaldean_flag" title="Chaldean flag">Chaldean flag</a><br /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Christianity" title="Syriac Christianity">Syriac<br />Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac Rite</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a> (518–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Catholic_Church" title="Syriac Catholic Church">Syriac Catholic Church</a> (1662–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Evangelical_Church" title="Assyrian Evangelical Church">Assyrian Evangelical Church</a> (1870–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Pentecostal_Church" title="Assyrian Pentecostal Church">Assyrian Pentecostal Church</a> (1940–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Syriac_Rite" title="East Syriac Rite">East Syriac Rite</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaldean_Catholic_Church" title="Chaldean Catholic Church">Chaldean Catholic Church</a> (1552–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Church_of_the_East" title="Assyrian Church of the East">Assyrian Church of the East</a> (1692–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Church_of_the_East" title="Ancient Church of the East">Ancient Church of the East</a> (1968–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aramaic" title="Aramaic">Aramaic</a>/<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a><br />languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suret_language" title="Suret language">Assyrian Neo-Aramaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suret_language" title="Suret language">Chaldean Neo-Aramaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turoyo_language" title="Turoyo language">Turoyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Aramaic_dialect_of_Bohtan" title="Neo-Aramaic dialect of Bohtan">Bohtan Neo-Aramaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Aramaic_dialect_of_Hertevin" title="Neo-Aramaic dialect of Hertevin">Hertevin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Neo-Aramaic_dialect_of_Senaya" title="Christian Neo-Aramaic dialect of Senaya">Senaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mla%E1%B8%A5s%C3%B4_language" title="Mlaḥsô language">Mlaḥsô</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet" title="Syriac alphabet">Syriac script</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_culture" title="Assyrian culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_folk/pop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian folk/pop music">Assyrian folk/pop music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Mesopotamia" title="Music of Mesopotamia">Music of Mesopotamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_sacral_music" title="Syriac sacral music">Syriac sacral music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_folk_dance" title="Assyrian folk dance">Folk dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_cuisine" title="Assyrian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_clothing" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian clothing">Clothing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Assyrian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Assyrian people">History</a><br /><small>(including<br />related<br />contexts)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_ancient_Assyria" title="Timeline of ancient Assyria">Ancient Assyria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Assyrian_period" title="Early Assyrian period">Early Assyrian period</a> (2600–2025 BCE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Assyrian_period" title="Old Assyrian period">Old Assyrian period</a> (2025–1364 BCE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Assyrian_Empire" title="Middle Assyrian Empire">Middle Assyrian Empire</a> (1363–912 BCE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian Empire</a> (911–609 BCE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-imperial_Assyria" title="Post-imperial Assyria">Post-imperial Assyria</a> (609 BCE–240 CE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion" title="Ancient Mesopotamian religion">Ancient Mesopotamian religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arameans" title="Arameans">Arameans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Assyrian_tribes" title="List of Assyrian tribes">Assyrian tribes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classical<br />antiquity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_Empire" title="Seleucid Empire">Seleucid Empire</a> (312–63 BCE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian Empire</a> (247 BCE–224 CE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osroene" title="Osroene">Osroene</a> (132 BCE–244 CE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Wars" title="Syrian Wars">Syrian Wars</a> (66 BCE–217 CE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Syria" title="Roman Syria">Roman Syria</a> (64 BCE–637 CE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adiabene" title="Adiabene">Adiabene</a> (15–116)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyria_(Roman_province)" title="Assyria (Roman province)">Roman Assyria</a> (116–118)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Christianity" title="Syriac Christianity">Christianization</a> (1st to 3rd c.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestorian_schism" title="Nestorian schism">Nestorian schism</a> (5th c.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East</a> (<a href="/wiki/Council_of_Seleucia-Ctesiphon" title="Council of Seleucia-Ctesiphon">410</a>-<a href="/wiki/Schism_of_1552" title="Schism of 1552">1552</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asoristan" title="Asoristan">Asoristan</a> (226–651)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine%E2%80%93Sasanian_Wars" title="Byzantine–Sasanian Wars">Byzantine–Sasanian Wars</a> (502–628)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Middle ages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Mesopotamia" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia">Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia</a> (630s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_the_Levant" title="Muslim conquest of the Levant">Muslim conquest of Syria</a> (630s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a> (750–1258)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Mosul" title="List of rulers of Mosul">Emirs of Mosul</a> (905–1383)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyid_dynasty" title="Buyid dynasty">Buyid amirate</a> (945–1055)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Antioch" title="Principality of Antioch">Principality of Antioch</a> (1098–1268)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a> (1258–1335)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalayirid_Sultanate" title="Jalayirid Sultanate">Jalayirid Sultanate</a> (1335–1432)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qara_Qoyunlu" title="Qara Qoyunlu">Qara Qoyunlu</a> (1375–1468)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aq_Qoyunlu" title="Aq Qoyunlu">Aq Qoyunlu</a> (1453–1501)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern era</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Assyrian_people#Islamic_empires" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Assyrian people">Safavid Empire</a> (1508–55)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Assyrian_people#Islamic_empires" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Assyrian people">Ottoman Empire</a> (1555–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schism_of_1552" title="Schism of 1552">Schism of 1552</a> (16th c.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1843_and_1846_massacres_in_Hakkari" title="1843 and 1846 massacres in Hakkari">Massacres of Badr Khan</a> (1840s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacres_of_Diyarbekir_(1895)" title="Massacres of Diyarbekir (1895)">Massacres of Diyarbekir</a> (1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_nationalism" title="Assyrian nationalism">Rise of nationalism</a> (19th c.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adana_massacre" title="Adana massacre">Adana massacre</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayfo" title="Sayfo">Assyrian genocide</a> (1914–20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_independence_movement" title="Assyrian independence movement">Independence movement</a> (1919–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simele_massacre" title="Simele massacre">Simele massacre</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Iraq#Post-Saddam_Iraq" title="Assyrians in Iraq">Post-Saddam Iraq</a> (2003–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_of_Christians_by_ISIL" class="mw-redirect" title="Genocide of Christians by ISIL">Genocide of Christians by ISIL</a> (2014–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_population_by_country" title="Assyrian population by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_homeland" title="Assyrian homeland">Homeland</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/List_of_Assyrian_settlements" title="List of Assyrian settlements">Settlements</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Iraq" title="Assyrians in Iraq">Iraq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Plains" title="Nineveh Plains">Nineveh Plains</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Qaraqosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alqosh" title="Alqosh">Alqosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Keppe" title="Tel Keppe">Tel Keppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartella" title="Bartella">Bartella</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankawa" title="Ankawa">Ankawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaqlawa" title="Shaqlawa">Shaqlawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakho" title="Zakho">Zakho</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Iran" title="Assyrians in Iran">Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urmia" title="Urmia">Urmia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmas" title="Salmas">Salmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanandaj" title="Sanandaj">Sanandaj</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Syria" title="Assyrians in Syria">Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hasakah_Governorate" title="Al-Hasakah Governorate">Al-Hasakah Governorate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hasakah" title="Al-Hasakah">Al-Hasakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Tamer" title="Tell Tamer">Tell Tamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qamishli" title="Qamishli">Qamishli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khabur_(Euphrates)" title="Khabur (Euphrates)">Khabur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Turkey" title="Assyrians in Turkey">Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakkari_(historical_region)" title="Hakkari (historical region)">Hakkari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r" title="Diyarbakır">Diyarbakır</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaz%C4%B1%C4%9F" title="Elazığ">Elazığ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardin_Province" title="Mardin Province">Mardin Province</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mardin" title="Mardin">Mardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maz%C4%B1da%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Mazıdağı">Mazıdağı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tur_Abdin" title="Tur Abdin">Tur Abdin</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assyrian%E2%80%93Chaldean%E2%80%93Syriac_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora">Diaspora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Armenia" title="Assyrians in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Australians" title="Assyrian Australians">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Belgium" title="Assyrians in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Canadians" title="Assyrian Canadians">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Finland" title="Assyrians in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_France" title="Assyrians in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Georgia" title="Assyrians in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Assyrians" title="German Assyrians">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Greece" title="Assyrians in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Israel" title="Assyrians in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Jordan" title="Assyrians in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Lebanon" title="Assyrians in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Mexicans" title="Assyrian Mexicans">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_the_Netherlands" title="Assyrians in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_New_Zealand" title="Assyrians in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_the_State_of_Palestine" title="Assyrians in the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Russia" title="Assyrians in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians/Syriacs_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrians/Syriacs in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Assyrians" title="British Assyrians">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Americans" title="Assyrian Americans">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Middle_Eastern_people_in_Metro_Detroit" title="History of the Middle Eastern people in Metro Detroit">Detroit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Uruguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrians in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_nationalism" title="Assyrian nationalism">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Democratic_Movement" title="Assyrian Democratic Movement">Assyrian Democratic Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Democratic_Organization" title="Assyrian Democratic Organization">Assyrian Democratic Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Universal_Alliance" title="Assyrian Universal Alliance">Assyrian Universal Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawronoye" title="Dawronoye">Dawronoye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Union_Party_(Syria)" title="Syriac Union Party (Syria)">Syriac Union Party (Syria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Union_Party_(Lebanon)" title="Syriac Union Party (Lebanon)">Syriac Union Party (Lebanon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Military_Council" title="Syriac Military Council">Syriac Military Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutoro" title="Sutoro">Sutoro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/16px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/24px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/32px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Districts_of_Iraq_and_their_capitals" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Districts_of_Iraq" title="Template:Districts of Iraq"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Districts_of_Iraq" title="Template talk:Districts of Iraq"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Districts_of_Iraq" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Districts of Iraq"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Districts_of_Iraq_and_their_capitals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Iraq" title="Districts of Iraq">Districts</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> and their capitals</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Al_Anbar_Governorate" title="Al Anbar Governorate">Anbar Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anah_District" title="Anah District">Anah District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anah" title="Anah">Anah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallujah_District" title="Fallujah District">Fallujah District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fallujah" title="Fallujah">Fallujah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haditha_District" title="Haditha District">Haditha District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Haditha" title="Haditha">Haditha</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hit_District" title="Hit District">Hit District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hit,_Iraq" title="Hit, Iraq">Hit</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qa%27im_District" title="Al-Qa'im District">al-Qa'im District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Qa%27im_(town)" title="Al-Qa'im (town)">Al-Qa'im</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramadi_District" title="Ramadi District">Ramadi District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ramadi" title="Ramadi">Ramadi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawah_District" title="Rawah District">Rawah District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rawa,_Iraq" title="Rawa, Iraq">Rawah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ar-Rutba_District" title="Ar-Rutba District">ar-Rutba District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ar-Rutbah" title="Ar-Rutbah">Ar-Rutbah</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="19" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Flag of Iraq" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/50px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/75px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/100px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Flag of Iraq</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Babil_Governorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Babil Governorate">Babil Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hashimiya_District" title="Hashimiya District">Hashimiya District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al_Hashimiyah,_Iraq" title="Al Hashimiyah, Iraq">Al Hashimiyah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hilla_District" title="Al-Hilla District">Al-Hilla District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hillah" title="Hillah">Hillah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mahawil_District" title="Al-Mahawil District">al-Mahawil District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Mahawil" title="Al-Mahawil">Al-Mahawil</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Musayab_District" title="Al-Musayab District">al-Musayab District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Musayyib" title="Musayyib">Musayyib</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baghdad_Governorate" title="Baghdad Governorate">Baghdad Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Ghraib_District" title="Abu Ghraib District">Abu Ghraib District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Istiqlal_District" title="Al-Istiqlal District">al-Istiqlal District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mada%27in_District" title="Al-Mada'in District">al-Mada'in District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmudiya_District" title="Mahmudiya District">Mahmudiya District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mahmoudiyah,_Iraq" title="Mahmoudiyah, Iraq">Mahmudiya</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taji_District" title="Taji District">Taji District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Tarmia_District" title="Al-Tarmia District">al-Tarmia District</a></li> <li><br /><a href="/wiki/Administrative_districts_in_Baghdad" title="Administrative districts in Baghdad">Baghdad</a>: <a href="/wiki/New_Baghdad" title="New Baghdad">New Baghdad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adhamiyah" title="Adhamiyah">Adhamiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadhimiya" title="Kadhimiya">Kadhimiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karrada" title="Karrada">Karrada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karkh" title="Karkh">Karkh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansour_district" title="Mansour district">Mansour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rashid,_Baghdad" title="Al-Rashid, Baghdad">Al Rashid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rusafa,_Iraq" title="Al-Rusafa, Iraq">Rusafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadr_City" title="Sadr City">Sadr City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Basra_Governorate" title="Basra Governorate">Basra Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Al-Khaseeb_District" title="Abu Al-Khaseeb District">Abu Al-Khaseeb District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Abu_Al-Khaseeb" title="Abu Al-Khaseeb">Abu Al-Khaseeb</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basrah_District" title="Basrah District">Basrah District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Basra" title="Basra">Basra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Faw_District,_Basra_Governorate" title="Al-Faw District, Basra Governorate">al-Faw District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Faw" title="Al-Faw">al-Faw</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Midaina_District" title="Al-Midaina District">al-Midaina District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Midaina" title="Al-Midaina">Al-Midaina</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qurna_District" title="Al-Qurna District">al-Qurna District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Qurnah" title="Al-Qurnah">Al-Qurnah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shatt_Al-Arab_District" title="Shatt Al-Arab District">Shatt Al-Arab District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shatt_al-Arab" title="Shatt al-Arab">Shatt al-Arab</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Zubair_District" title="Al-Zubair District">al-Zubair District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Az_Zubayr" title="Az Zubayr">Al-Zubair</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dhi_Qar_Governorate" title="Dhi Qar Governorate">Dhi Qar Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Chibayish_District" title="Al-Chibayish District">al-Chibayish District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Chibayish" title="Al-Chibayish">Al-Chibayish</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasiriyah_District" title="Nasiriyah District">Nasiriyah District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nasiriyah" title="Nasiriyah">Nasiriyah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rifa%27i_District" title="Al-Rifa'i District">al-Rifa'i District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Rifa%27i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Rifa'i (page does not exist)">Al-Rifa'i</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shatrah_District" title="Al-Shatrah District">al-Shatrah District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Shatrah" title="Al-Shatrah">Al-Shatrah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suq_al-Shuyukh_District" title="Suq al-Shuyukh District">Suq al-Shuyukh District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Suq_Al-Shoyokh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suq Al-Shoyokh (page does not exist)">Suq Al-Shoyokh</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diyala_Governorate" title="Diyala Governorate">Diyala Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balad_Ruz_District" title="Balad Ruz District">Balad Ruz District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Balad_Ruz" title="Balad Ruz">Balad Ruz</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%27quba_District" title="Ba'quba District">Ba'quba District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baqubah" title="Baqubah">Baqubah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Khalis_District" title="Al Khalis District">al Khalis District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al_Khalis" title="Al Khalis">Al Khalis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanaqin_District" title="Khanaqin District">Khanaqin District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Khanaqin" title="Khanaqin">Khanaqin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kifri_District,_Diyala_Governorate" title="Kifri District, Diyala Governorate">Kifri District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kifri" title="Kifri">Kifri</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Miqdadiya_District" title="Al-Miqdadiya District">al-Miqdadiya District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Miqdadiyah" title="Miqdadiyah">Al-Miqdadiya</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Duhok_Governorate" title="Duhok Governorate">Duhok Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akre_District" title="Akre District">Akre District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Akre" title="Akre">Akre</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadiya_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Amadiya District">Amadiya District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Amadiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Amadiya">Amadiya</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duhok_District" title="Duhok District">Duhok District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Duhok" title="Duhok">Duhok</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simele_District" title="Simele District">Simele District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simele" title="Simele">Simele</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakho_District" title="Zakho District">Zakho District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zakho" title="Zakho">Zakho</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Erbil_Governorate" title="Erbil Governorate">Erbil Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Choman_District" title="Choman District">Choman District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Choman,_Iraq" title="Choman, Iraq">Choman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erbil_District" title="Erbil District">Erbil District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Erbil" title="Erbil">Erbil</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koy_Sinjaq_District" title="Koy Sinjaq District">Koy Sinjaq District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Koy_Sanjaq" title="Koy Sanjaq">Koy Sanjaq</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makhmur_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Makhmur District">Makhmur District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Makhmur,_Iraq" title="Makhmur, Iraq">Makhmur</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mergasor_District" title="Mergasor District">Mergasor District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mergasor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mergasor (page does not exist)">Mergasor</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaqlawa_District" title="Shaqlawa District">Shaqlawa District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shaqlawa" title="Shaqlawa">Shaqlawa</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soran_District" title="Soran District">Soran District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soran,_Iraq" title="Soran, Iraq">Soran</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Halabja_Governorate" title="Halabja Governorate">Halabja Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byara_District" title="Byara District">Byara District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Byara" title="Byara">Byara</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halabja" title="Halabja">Halabja District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Halabja" title="Halabja">Halabja</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khurmal_District" title="Khurmal District">Khurmal District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Khurmal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khurmal (page does not exist)">Khurmal</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sirwan_District&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sirwan District (page does not exist)">Sirwan District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sirwan,_Iraq" title="Sirwan, Iraq">Sirwan</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Karbala_Governorate" title="Karbala Governorate">Karbala Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hindiya_District" title="Al-Hindiya District">al-Hindiya District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Hindiya" title="Al-Hindiya">Al-Hindiya</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerbala_District" title="Kerbala District">Kerbala District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Karbala" title="Karbala">Karbala</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ain_Al-Tamur_District" title="Ain Al-Tamur District">Ain Al-Tamur District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ayn_al-Tamr" title="Ayn al-Tamr">Ayn al-Tamr</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kirkuk_Governorate" title="Kirkuk Governorate">Kirkuk Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daquq_District" title="Daquq District">Daquq District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Daquq" title="Daquq">Daquq</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dibis_District" title="Dibis District">Dibis District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dibis,_Iraq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dibis, Iraq (page does not exist)">Dibis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawija_District" title="Hawija District">Hawija District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hawija" title="Hawija">Hawija</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkuk_District" title="Kirkuk District">Kirkuk District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kirkuk" title="Kirkuk">Kirkuk</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maysan_Governorate" title="Maysan Governorate">Maysan Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Al-Gharbi_District" title="Ali Al-Gharbi District">Ali Al-Gharbi District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Al-Gharbi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Al-Gharbi (page does not exist)">Ali Al-Gharbi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amara_District" title="Amara District">Amara District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Amarah" title="Amarah">Amarah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Kahla_District" title="Al-Kahla District">al-Kahla District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Kahla" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Kahla">Al-Kahla</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Maimouna_District" title="Al-Maimouna District">al-Maimouna District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Maimouna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Maimouna (page does not exist)">Al-Maimouna</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mejar_Al-Kabi_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Mejar Al-Kabi District">al-Mejar Al-Kabi District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mejar_Al-Kabi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mejar Al-Kabi (page does not exist)">Al-Mejar Al-Kabi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qal%27at_Saleh_District" title="Qal'at Saleh District">Qal'at Saleh District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Qal%27at_Saleh" title="Qal'at Saleh">Qal'at Saleh</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muthanna_Governorate" title="Muthanna Governorate">Muthanna Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Khidhir_District" title="Al-Khidhir District">al-Khidhir District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Khidhir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Khidhir (page does not exist)">Al-Khidhir</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rumaitha_District" title="Al-Rumaitha District">al-Rumaitha District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Rumaitha" title="Al-Rumaitha">Al-Rumaitha</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Salman_District" title="Al-Salman District">al-Salman District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Salman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Salman (page does not exist)">Al-Salman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Samawa_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Samawa District">al-Samawa District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samawah" title="Samawah">Samawah</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Najaf_Governorate" title="Najaf Governorate">Najaf Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kufa_District" title="Kufa District">Kufa District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kufa" title="Kufa">Kufa</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Manathera_District" title="Al-Manathera District">al-Manathera District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Manathera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Manathera (page does not exist)">Al-Manathera</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Meshkhab_District" title="Al-Meshkhab District">al-Meshkhab District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Meshkhab" title="Al-Meshkhab">Al-Meshkhab</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Najaf_District" title="Najaf District">Najaf District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Najaf" title="Najaf">Najaf</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Governorate" title="Nineveh Governorate">Nineveh Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ba%27aj_District" title="Al-Ba'aj District">al-Ba'aj District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Ba%27aj" title="Al-Ba'aj">Al-Ba'aj</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hamdaniya_District" title="Al-Hamdaniya District">al-Hamdaniya District</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Qaraqosh</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatra_District" title="Hatra District">Hatra District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Hadar" title="Al-Hadar">Al-Hadar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosul_District" title="Mosul District">Mosul District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shekhan_District" title="Shekhan District">Shekhan District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ain_Sifni" title="Ain Sifni">Ain Sifni</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinjar_District" title="Sinjar District">Sinjar District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sinjar" title="Sinjar">Sinjar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Afar_District" title="Tel Afar District">Tel Afar District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tal_Afar" title="Tal Afar">Tal Afar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Kaif_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Tel Kaif District">Tel Kaif District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tel_Keppe" title="Tel Keppe">Tel Keppe</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Al-Q%C4%81disiyyah_Governorate" title="Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate">al-Qādisiyyah Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afak_District" title="Afak District">Afak District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Afak" title="Afak">Afak</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwaniya_District" title="Diwaniya District">Diwaniya District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al_Diwaniyah" title="Al Diwaniyah">Al Diwaniyah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamza_District" title="Hamza District">Hamza District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hamza,_Iraq" title="Hamza, Iraq">Hamza</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shamiya_District" title="Al-Shamiya District">al-Shamiya District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Shamiya_(Iraq)" title="Al-Shamiya (Iraq)">Al-Shamiya </a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saladin_Governorate" title="Saladin Governorate">Saladin Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baiji_District" title="Baiji District">Baiji District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baiji_(city)" title="Baiji (city)">Baiji</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balad_District,_Iraq" title="Balad District, Iraq">Balad District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Balad,_Iraq" title="Balad, Iraq">Balad</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Daur_District" title="Al-Daur District">al-Daur District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ad-Dawr" title="Ad-Dawr">Ad-Dawr</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dujail_District" title="Dujail District">Dujail District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dujail" title="Dujail">Dujail</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarra_District" title="Samarra District">Samarra District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samarra" title="Samarra">Samarra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shirqat_District" title="Al-Shirqat District">al-Shirqat District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Shirqat" title="Al-Shirqat">Al-Shirqat</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikrit_District" title="Tikrit District">Tikrit District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tikrit" title="Tikrit">Tikrit</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooz_District" title="Tooz District">Tooz District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tuz_Khurmatu" title="Tuz Khurmatu">Tuz Khurmatu</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sulaymaniyah_Governorate" title="Sulaymaniyah Governorate">Sulaymaniyah Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamchamal_District" title="Chamchamal District">Chamchamal District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chamchamal" title="Chamchamal">Chamchamal</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darbandikhan_District" title="Darbandikhan District">Darbandikhan District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Darbandikhan" title="Darbandikhan">Darbandikhan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dokan_District" title="Dokan District">Dokan District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dokan,_Iraq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dokan, Iraq (page does not exist)">Dokan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalar_District" title="Kalar District">Kalar District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kalar,_Iraq" title="Kalar, Iraq">Kalar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kifri_District,_Sulaymaniyah_Governorate" title="Kifri District, Sulaymaniyah Governorate">Kifri District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kifri" title="Kifri">Kifri</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawat_District" title="Mawat District">Mawat District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mawat,_Kurdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mawat, Kurdistan">Mawat</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penjwen_District" title="Penjwen District">Penjwen District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Penjwen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penjwen (page does not exist)">Penjwen</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pshdar_District" title="Pshdar District">Pshdar District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Qaladiza" title="Qaladiza">Qaladiza</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaradagh_District" title="Qaradagh District">Qaradagh District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaradagh,_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qaradagh, Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Qaradagh</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranya_District" title="Ranya District">Ranya District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ranya" title="Ranya">Ranya</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saidsadiq_District" title="Saidsadiq District">Saidsadiq District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Said_Sadiq" title="Said Sadiq">Said Sadiq</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharazoor_District" title="Sharazoor District">Sharazoor District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zarayan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zarayan (page does not exist)">Zarayan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharbazher_District" title="Sharbazher District">Sharbazher District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sharbazher" title="Sharbazher">Sharbazher</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulaymaniyah_District" title="Sulaymaniyah District">Sulaymaniyah District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sulaymaniyah" title="Sulaymaniyah">Sulaymaniyah</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wasit_Governorate" title="Wasit Governorate">Wasit Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Aziziyah_District&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Aziziyah District (page does not exist)">Al-Aziziyah District</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Aziziyah,_Iraq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Aziziyah, Iraq (page does not exist)">Al-Aziziyah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badra_District" title="Badra District">Badra District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Badra,_Iraq" title="Badra, Iraq">Badra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hai_District" title="Al-Hai District">al-Hai District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Hay" title="Al-Hay">Al-Hay</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kut_District" title="Kut District">Kut District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kut" title="Kut">Kut</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nu%27maniya_District" title="Al-Nu'maniya District">al-Nu'maniya District</a> (<a href="/wiki/An_Numaniyah" title="An Numaniyah">Al-Nu'maniya</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Suwaira_District" title="Al-Suwaira District">al-Suwaira District</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Suwaira" title="Al-Suwaira">Al-Suwaira</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nineveh_Plains_in_Nineveh_Governorate,_northern_Iraq" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nineveh_Plains" title="Template:Nineveh Plains"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nineveh_Plains" title="Template talk:Nineveh Plains"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nineveh_Plains" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nineveh Plains"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nineveh_Plains_in_Nineveh_Governorate,_northern_Iraq" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Plains" title="Nineveh Plains">Nineveh Plains</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Governorate" title="Nineveh Governorate">Nineveh Governorate</a>, northern <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main settlements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Al-Hamdaniya_District" title="Al-Hamdaniya District">Al-Hamdaniya District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Qaraqosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartella" title="Bartella">Bartella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karamlesh" title="Karamlesh">Karamlesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashiqa" title="Bashiqa">Bashiqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahzani" title="Bahzani">Bahzani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tel_Kaif_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Tel Kaif District">Tel Kaif District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Keppe" title="Tel Keppe">Tel Keppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alqosh" title="Alqosh">Alqosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batnaya" title="Batnaya">Batnaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesqopa" title="Tesqopa">Tesqopa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baqofah" title="Baqofah">Baqofa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharafiya" title="Sharafiya">Sharafiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozan,_Iraq" title="Bozan, Iraq">Bozan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatarah" title="Khatarah">Khatarah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shekhan_District" title="Shekhan District">Shekhan District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ain_Sifni" title="Ain Sifni">Ain Sifni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashqotan" title="Dashqotan">Dashqotan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qasrok,_Iraq" title="Qasrok, Iraq">Qasrok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%27adra" class="mw-redirect" title="Ba'adra">Ba'adra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nineveh_Plains_Iraq.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Nineveh_Plains_Iraq.svg/190px-Nineveh_Plains_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Nineveh_Plains_Iraq.svg/285px-Nineveh_Plains_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Nineveh_Plains_Iraq.svg/380px-Nineveh_Plains_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1199" data-file-height="1249" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Christian" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_churches_and_monasteries_in_Nineveh" title="List of churches and monasteries in Nineveh">Christian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chaldean_Catholic_Church" title="Chaldean Catholic Church">Chaldean Catholic Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rabban_Hormizd_Monastery" title="Rabban Hormizd Monastery">Rabban Hormizd Monastery</a> (640)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Oraha_Monastery" title="Mar Oraha Monastery">Mar Oraha Monastery</a> (6th century)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahum#Tomb" title="Nahum">Tomb of Prophet Nahum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Catholic_Church" title="Syriac Catholic Church">Syriac Catholic Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Behnam_Monastery" title="Mar Behnam Monastery">Mar Behnam Monastery</a> (4th century)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Mattai_Monastery" class="mw-redirect" title="Mar Mattai Monastery">Mar Mattai Monastery</a> (363)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Saint_John_of_Dailam" title="Monastery of Saint John of Dailam">Monastery of Saint John of Dailam</a> (7th century)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yazidis" title="Yazidis">Yazidis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lalish" title="Lalish">Lalish</a> (1414)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archaeological sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balawat" title="Balawat">Balawat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibaniba" title="Shibaniba">Shibaniba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimrud" title="Nimrud">Nimrud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dur-Sharrukin" title="Dur-Sharrukin">Dur-Sharrukin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Arpachiyah" title="Tell Arpachiyah">Tell Arpachiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepe_Gawra" title="Tepe Gawra">Tepe Gawra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peshmerga" title="Peshmerga">Peshmerga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Plain_Protection_Units" title="Nineveh Plain Protection Units">Nineveh Plain Protection Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Plain_Forces" title="Nineveh Plain Forces">Nineveh Plain Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaraqosh_Protection_Committee" title="Qaraqosh Protection Committee">Qaraqosh Protection Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwekh_Nawsha" title="Dwekh Nawsha">Dwekh Nawsha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2995584#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2995584#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2995584#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/141171680">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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