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href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&params=38.2333_N_117.367_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°14′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">117°22′01″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.2333°N 117.367°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.2333; -117.367</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Solar power station in Nevada, United States</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color:#FFFFE6;">Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boden_000145_172855_518014_4578_(36613005322).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Boden_000145_172855_518014_4578_%2836613005322%29.jpg/300px-Boden_000145_172855_518014_4578_%2836613005322%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Boden_000145_172855_518014_4578_%2836613005322%29.jpg/450px-Boden_000145_172855_518014_4578_%2836613005322%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Boden_000145_172855_518014_4578_%2836613005322%29.jpg/600px-Boden_000145_172855_518014_4578_%2836613005322%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 300px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="200" data-zoom="5" data-overlays="["_cde3734920ddef080cee6ee1f010ebc1349cf1df"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,5,a,a,300x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&revid=1259699404&groups=_cde3734920ddef080cee6ee1f010ebc1349cf1df" width="300" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,5,a,a,300x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&revid=1259699404&groups=_cde3734920ddef080cee6ee1f010ebc1349cf1df 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tonopah,_Nevada" title="Tonopah, Nevada">Tonopah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nye_County,_Nevada" title="Nye County, Nevada">Nye County, Nevada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&params=38.2333_N_117.367_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°14′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">117°22′01″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.2333°N 117.367°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.2333; -117.367</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Post-bankruptcy reorganization, restart</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction began</th><td class="infobox-data">2011<span class="noprint">; 13 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2011</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Project_commissioning" title="Project commissioning">Commission date</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2016<span class="noprint">; 8 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2016</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-online_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-online-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction cost</th><td class="infobox-data">$975 million</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owners</th><td class="infobox-data">Tonopah Solar Energy, LLC (<a href="/wiki/SolarReserve" title="SolarReserve">SolarReserve</a>, LLC)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vinci_SA" title="Vinci SA">Vinci SA</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#FFFFE6;">Solar farm </th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concentrated_solar_power" title="Concentrated solar power">CSP</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">CSP technology</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_tower" title="Solar power tower">Solar power tower</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector" title="Solar thermal collector">Collectors</a></th><td class="infobox-data">10347 × 115.72 m<sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total collector area</th><td class="infobox-data">296 acres (1,200,000 m<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Site resource</th><td class="infobox-data">2,685 kW·h/m<sup>2</sup>/yr<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Site area</th><td class="infobox-data">1,670 acres (676 ha)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#FFFFE6;">Power generation</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th>Units operational</th><td>1</td></tr><tr><th>Make and model</th><td><a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Nameplate_capacity" title="Nameplate capacity">Nameplate capacity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">110 <a href="/wiki/Megawatt" class="mw-redirect" title="Megawatt">MW</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Capacity_factor" title="Capacity factor">Capacity factor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">51.9% (planned)<br />20.3% (2018)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Net_generation" class="mw-redirect" title="Net generation">Annual net output</a></th><td class="infobox-data">196 GW·h over 1 year (2018)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Energy_storage#Storage_capacity" title="Energy storage">Storage capacity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,100 MW·h<sub>e</sub></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#FFFFE6;">External links</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181028025814/http://www.solarreserve.com/en/global-projects/csp/crescent-dunes">Crescent Dunes</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commons</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project">Related media on Commons</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="metadata" style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5184359" class="extiw" title="d:Q5184359">edit on Wikidata</a>]</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Solar_thermal_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar thermal power">solar thermal power</a> project with an installed capacity of 110 <a href="/wiki/Megawatt" class="mw-redirect" title="Megawatt">megawatt</a> (MW)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 1.1 gigawatt-hours of energy storage<sup id="cite_ref-online_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-online-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> located near <a href="/wiki/Tonopah,_Nevada" title="Tonopah, Nevada">Tonopah</a>, about 190 miles (310 km) northwest of <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas,_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Vegas, Nevada">Las Vegas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-doe-2011-09-28_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doe-2011-09-28-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Crescent Dunes is the first commercial <a href="/wiki/Concentrated_solar_power" title="Concentrated solar power">concentrated solar power</a> (CSP) plant with a central receiver tower and advanced <a href="/wiki/Thermal_energy_storage#Molten_salt_technology" title="Thermal energy storage">molten salt energy storage</a> technology at full scale (110 MW), following the experimental <a href="/wiki/The_Solar_Project#Solar_Two" title="The Solar Project">Solar Two</a> and Gemasolar in Spain at 50 MW. As of 2023, it is operated by its new owner; ACS, and in a new contract with NV Energy, it now supplies solar energy at night only, drawing on thermal energy stored each day.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Startup energy venture company <a href="/wiki/SolarReserve" title="SolarReserve">SolarReserve</a> (created via seed funding), US Renewables Group, and <a href="/wiki/United_Technologies" title="United Technologies">United Technologies</a> were the original owners of Tonopah Solar Energy LLC, the owner and operator of the Crescent Dunes plant. The Crescent Dunes project was subsequently backed by a $737 million in U.S. government loan guarantees and by Tonopah partnering with Cobra Thermosolar Plants, Inc. The overall venture had a projected cost of less than $1 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gtm-2011-09-29_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gtm-2011-09-29-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plant suffered several design, construction and technical problems and, having not produced power since April 2019, its sole customer, NV Energy, subsequently terminated its contract. Bloomberg reported that NV Energy was not allowed to sever its agreement with the plant until after the DoE took over the shuttered plant in August 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-popmec_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-popmec-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ousting_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ousting-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the initial failure of the Crescent Dunes project, SolarReserve took down its website and is believed to have permanently ceased operations.<sup id="cite_ref-greentechmedia.com_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greentechmedia.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-evwind.es_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-evwind.es-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon the developer's silence as the involved parties sought legal recourse, the plant's exact status was publicly unknown for some time and was left to conjecture.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thenevadaindependent.com_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thenevadaindependent.com-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While proceeding through its subsequent bankruptcy proceedings, Tonopah Solar Energy stated that it had hopes for a restart of the Crescent Dunes plant by the end of 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to court documents, Tonopah is owned by <a href="/wiki/SolarReserve" title="SolarReserve">SolarReserve</a>, Cobra Energy Investment LLC, a division of Spanish construction company <a href="/wiki/ACS_Group" title="ACS Group">ACS Group</a> and <a href="/wiki/Banco_Santander" title="Banco Santander">Banco Santander, S.A.</a><sup id="cite_ref-pvtimes.com_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pvtimes.com-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 11, 2020, the bankruptcy court approved Tonopah Solar Energy's disclosure statement. On December 3, 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Chapter_11,_Title_11,_United_States_Code" title="Chapter 11, Title 11, United States Code">Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization plan</a> was confirmed by the court.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As one result of this plan's confirmation, Cobra now has operational control of the plant.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2021, the project restarted production for NV Energy.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boden_000298_172859_518225_4578_(36776425306).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Boden_000298_172859_518225_4578_%2836776425306%29.jpg/220px-Boden_000298_172859_518225_4578_%2836776425306%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Boden_000298_172859_518225_4578_%2836776425306%29.jpg/330px-Boden_000298_172859_518225_4578_%2836776425306%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Boden_000298_172859_518225_4578_%2836776425306%29.jpg/440px-Boden_000298_172859_518225_4578_%2836776425306%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Workers installing <a href="/wiki/Heliostat" title="Heliostat">heliostats</a> at Crescent Dunes</figcaption></figure> <p>In late September 2011 Tonopah Solar Energy received a $737 million <a href="/wiki/Loan_guarantee" title="Loan guarantee">loan guarantee</a> from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy">United States Department of Energy</a> (DOE) and <sup id="cite_ref-doe-2011-09-28_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doe-2011-09-28-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the right to build on public land.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The capital stack included $170,000,000 in <a href="/wiki/EB-5_visa" title="EB-5 visa">EB-5</a> investment through SolarReserve/ACS Cobra partner CMB Regional Centers.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thenevadaindependent.com_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thenevadaindependent.com-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under a <a href="/wiki/Power_purchase_agreement" title="Power purchase agreement">power purchase agreement</a> (PPA) between SolarReserve and <a href="/wiki/NV_Energy" title="NV Energy">NV Energy</a>, all power generated by the Crescent Dunes project in the next 25 years would have been sold to NV Energy for $0.135 per <a href="/wiki/Kilowatt-hour" title="Kilowatt-hour">kilowatt-hour</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gtm-2011-09-29_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gtm-2011-09-29-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ground was broken on the project in September 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-lvrj-130713818_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lvrj-130713818-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction terminated at the end of 2013, followed by several months of testing the plant systems. The project entered commissioning phase in February 2014 following completion of construction.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It began operation in September 2015,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but went off-line in October 2016 due to a leak in a molten salt tank. The owners warned the EPC about flaws in the salt tank foundations (and other matters) with formal comments lodged on the record in March 2012 progress meeting with DOE and its engineer present (the lender did not voice any objection). It returned to operation in July 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The plant having last produced power in April 2019, NV Energy—the project's sole customer—terminated its contract in October 2019 on the basis of the project having "failed to produce." Alleging a takeover of Tonopah Solar Energy by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy">DOE</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ousting_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ousting-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SolarReserve then raised the possibility of the project filing for <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy" title="Bankruptcy">bankruptcy</a>, which subsequently happened.<sup id="cite_ref-pv-magazine-usa.com_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pv-magazine-usa.com-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SolarReserve also filed a lawsuit, claiming that the Department of Energy was looking to appoint two new members to Tonopah Solar Energy's board of managers, giving the appearance of the Energy Department in complete control of Tonopah directors which comprise the entirety of the Tonopah Board of Managers.<sup id="cite_ref-ousting_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ousting-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An interim outcome in this regard was that SolarReserve took down its website and was believed to have ceased operations permanently.<sup id="cite_ref-evwind.es_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-evwind.es-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tonopah Solar Energy filed for bankruptcy on July 30, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-pvtimes.com_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pvtimes.com-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pending the approval of the bankruptcy court, a $200 million settlement with the remaining debtors — Tonopah Solar Energy LLC and ACS Cobra — for the return of taxpayer dollars was also announced at the end of July 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The amount is less than half of what taxpayers are owed on the outstanding $425 million of public debt.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the settlement agreement and as a function of subsequent repairs, restoration of the plant to power production and acquisition of new long-term customers, ACS Cobra is liable for an additional $100 million in otherwise suspended debt.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technology">Technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boden_000140_166043_510376_4578_(36643882391).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Boden_000140_166043_510376_4578_%2836643882391%29.jpg/220px-Boden_000140_166043_510376_4578_%2836643882391%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Boden_000140_166043_510376_4578_%2836643882391%29.jpg/330px-Boden_000140_166043_510376_4578_%2836643882391%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Boden_000140_166043_510376_4578_%2836643882391%29.jpg/440px-Boden_000140_166043_510376_4578_%2836643882391%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1149" /></a><figcaption>Sunlight heating molten salt in the central tower</figcaption></figure> <p>The project's <a href="/wiki/Engineering,_procurement_and_construction" class="mw-redirect" title="Engineering, procurement and construction">EPC Contractor</a> was <a href="/wiki/Grupo_ACS" class="mw-redirect" title="Grupo ACS">ACS Cobra</a>, which carried out the engineering design, procured the equipment and materials necessary, and then constructed and delivered the facility to Tonopah Solar Energy. The project includes 10,347 <a href="/wiki/Heliostat" title="Heliostat">heliostats</a> that collect and focus the sun's thermal energy to heat molten salt flowing through an approximately 656-foot (200 m) tall<sup id="cite_ref-evwind.es_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-evwind.es-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Solar_power_tower" title="Solar power tower">solar power tower</a>. Each heliostat is made up of 35 6×6 feet (1.8 m) mirror facets, yielding a heliostat overall usable area of 1,245 square feet (115.7 m<sup>2</sup>). Total solar field aperture adds up to 12,882,015 square feet (1,196,778 m<sup>2</sup>). The molten salt circulates from the tower to a storage tank, where it is then used to produce steam and generate electricity. </p><p>Excess thermal energy is stored in the molten salt and could be used to generate power for up to ten hours, including during the evening hours and when direct sunlight is not available.<sup id="cite_ref-doe-2011-09-28_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doe-2011-09-28-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The storage technology thus eliminated the need for any backup fossil fuels, such as natural gas. Melting about 70,000,000 pounds (32,000,000 kg) of salt took two months. Once melted, the salt stays melted for the life of the plant and is cycled through the receiver for reheating.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_thermal_storage_high-temperature_salt_tank_buckling_failure">The thermal storage high-temperature salt tank buckling failure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The thermal storage high-temperature salt tank buckling failure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Crescent Dunes was the first large (110 MW) tower CSP with thermal storage. While storage tanks of trough CSP operate at 400 °C (752 °F), Crescent Dunes operated the storage tank at almost 600 °C (1,112 °F), while keeping 280 °C (536 °F) as base (cold) temperature. Higher temperatures differences result in a greater expansion of the tank floor, generating greater compressive forces around the floor plate. At very large diameters, as the big tank of Crescent Dunes, that resulted in a high probability of failure under cycling loading.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Crescent Dunes began operation in September 2015,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but went off-line in October 2016 due to a leak in a molten salt tank. It returned to operation in July 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While its average monthly production was expected to exceed 40,000 <a href="/wiki/MWh" class="mw-redirect" title="MWh">MWh</a>, as of May 2019 it never reached that value and only exceeded half of it during 9 months.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size:0.9em;"> <caption>Generation (MW·h) of Crescent Dunes Solar Energy<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Jan</th> <th>Feb</th> <th>Mar</th> <th>Apr</th> <th>May</th> <th>Jun</th> <th>Jul</th> <th>Aug</th> <th>Sep</th> <th>Oct</th> <th>Nov</th> <th>Dec</th> <th>Total </th></tr> <tr> <th>2015 </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>1,703</td> <td>1,831</td> <td>0 </td> <th>3,534 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2016 </th> <td>1,508</td> <td>9,121</td> <td>7,099</td> <td>2,158</td> <td>11,485</td> <td>6,216</td> <td>25,560</td> <td>28,267</td> <td>30,514</td> <td>5,410</td> <td>0</td> <td>0 </td> <th>127,338 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2017 </th> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>9,420</td> <td>9,192</td> <td>13,666</td> <td>9,263</td> <td>488</td> <td>0 </td> <th>42,029 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2018 </th> <td>795</td> <td>5,145</td> <td>5,907</td> <td>13,801</td> <td>10,653</td> <td>33,387</td> <td>23,749</td> <td>33,169</td> <td>31,632</td> <td>21,253</td> <td>8,130</td> <td>8,189 </td> <th>195,810 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2019 </th> <td>12,889</td> <td>14,431</td> <td>20,041</td> <td>2,807</td> <td colspan="8" style="text-align:center">Production suspended </td> <th>50,168 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2020 </th> <td colspan="12" style="text-align:center">Production suspended </td> <th>0 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2021 </th> <td colspan="6" style="text-align:center">Production suspended </td> <td>3,974</td> <td>15,445</td> <td>20,796</td> <td>11,929</td> <td>17,489</td> <td>5,088 </td> <th>74,721 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2022 </th> <td>14,635</td> <td>12,238</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>8,852</td> <td>22,166</td> <td>24,710</td> <td>10,590</td> <td>7,475 </td> <th>100,666 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2023 </th> <td>8,437</td> <td>2,086</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>6,649</td> <td>14,563</td> <td>13,784</td> <td>18,060</td> <td>10,590</td> <td>6,067 </td> <th>80,236 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2024 </th> <td>4,556</td> <td>4,122</td> <td>6,448</td> <td>13,516</td> <td>20,968</td> <td>26,227</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>- </td> <th>- </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Project_commissioning" title="Project commissioning">commissioning</a> of a new thermal plant requires up to four years to achieve 100% operating level, from the first grid connection to full production. As an example the <a href="/wiki/Edwardsport_Power_Station#Production" title="Edwardsport Power Station">Edwardsport production data</a>, whose progression, skipping first partial year, is a 40% output the first full year, 57% the second full year, the next year the progression was stopped by a problem in October, but resumes with a 73% the fourth and next year.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Crescent Dunes, it was to be expected a similar progression, but the failure of the storage tanks in 2016, froze the commissioning.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following that, first full production year was delayed to 2018, starting with a 40% (200 over 500) output. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shutdown">Shutdown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Shutdown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first three months of 2019 (January, February and March) showed good progression, topping all previous monthly data, but in April the plant was shut down because the project's sole buyer, NV Energy, terminated the Power Purchase Agreement for failure to produce the contracted power production. The power generated also cost NV Energy about $135 per megawatt-hour, compared with less than $30 per MWh available from a new Nevada photovoltaic solar farm.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thenevadaindependent.com_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thenevadaindependent.com-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But to compare fairly, it must be taken into account that the Tonopah solar project power is <a href="/wiki/Dispatchable_generation" title="Dispatchable generation">dispatchable</a> while photovoltaic power is <a href="/wiki/Variable_renewable_energy" title="Variable renewable energy">intermittent</a>. Truly levelized cost comparisons must include the capacity payments for generating capacity available to supply power during peak hours. By doing so, low-to-high hourly wholesale electricity prices have been shown to vary by up to four orders of magnitude.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2021, the project restarted production.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CrescentDunes.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="2012 January – The solar tower under construction as seen from a commercial airliner. The eponymous Crescent Dunes are at lower right."><img alt="2012 January – The solar tower under construction as seen from a commercial airliner. The eponymous Crescent Dunes are at lower right." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/CrescentDunes.jpg/400px-CrescentDunes.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/CrescentDunes.jpg/600px-CrescentDunes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/CrescentDunes.jpg/800px-CrescentDunes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2012 January – The solar tower under construction as seen from a commercial airliner. The eponymous Crescent Dunes are at lower right.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 306.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 304.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crescent_Dunes_Solar_December_2014.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="2014 December – Completed site as seen from a commercial airliner."><img alt="2014 December – Completed site as seen from a commercial airliner." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Crescent_Dunes_Solar_December_2014.JPG/457px-Crescent_Dunes_Solar_December_2014.JPG" decoding="async" width="305" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Crescent_Dunes_Solar_December_2014.JPG/686px-Crescent_Dunes_Solar_December_2014.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Crescent_Dunes_Solar_December_2014.JPG/914px-Crescent_Dunes_Solar_December_2014.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2014 December – Completed site as seen from a commercial airliner.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 352.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 350.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crescent_Dunes_2024.png" class="mw-file-description" title="2024 August - Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project as seen from commercial airliner"><img alt="2024 August - Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project as seen from commercial airliner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Crescent_Dunes_2024.png/526px-Crescent_Dunes_2024.png" decoding="async" width="351" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Crescent_Dunes_2024.png/789px-Crescent_Dunes_2024.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Crescent_Dunes_2024.png/1051px-Crescent_Dunes_2024.png 2x" data-file-width="1820" data-file-height="1039" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2024 August - Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project as seen from commercial airliner</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_States" title="Renewable energy in the United States">Renewable energy in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy" title="Solar thermal energy">Solar thermal energy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crescent_Dunes_Solar_Energy_Project&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output 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a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cleantechnica.com/2016/02/22/crescent-dunes-24-hour-solar-tower-online/">"Crescent Dunes 24-Hour Solar Tower Is Online"</a>. <i>CleanTechnica</i>. February 22, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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December 31, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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SolarReserve, LLC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solarreserve.com/en/global-projects/csp/crescent-dunes">the original</a> on August 14, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crescent+Dunes+Solar+Energy+Project&rft.pub=SolarReserve%2C+LLC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solarreserve.com%2Fen%2Fglobal-projects%2Fcsp%2Fcrescent-dunes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrescent+Dunes+Solar+Energy+Project" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solarpaces.nrel.gov/crescent-dunes-solar-energy-project">"Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project"</a>. <i>Concentrating Solar Power Projects</i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory" title="National Renewable Energy Laboratory">National Renewable Energy Laboratory</a> (NREL), DOE. January 20, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Energy_resource_facilities_in_Nevada" title="Template:Energy resource facilities in Nevada"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Energy_resource_facilities_in_Nevada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Energy resource facilities in Nevada (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Energy_resource_facilities_in_Nevada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Energy resource facilities in Nevada"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Energy_resource_facilities_in_Nevada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Energy resource facilities in Nevada</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coal_fired" class="mw-redirect" title="Coal fired">Coal fired</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ely_Energy_Center" title="Ely Energy Center">Ely Energy Center</a> (cancelled)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohave_Power_Station" title="Mohave Power Station">Mohave</a> (closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Valmy_Generating_Station" title="North Valmy Generating Station">North Valmy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reid_Gardner_Generating_Station" title="Reid Gardner Generating Station">Reid Gardner</a> (closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Pine_Energy_Station" title="White Pine Energy Station">White Pine Energy Station</a> (cancelled)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">Gas fired</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Lenzie_Generating_Station" title="Chuck Lenzie Generating Station">Chuck Lenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_W._Clark_Generating_Station" title="Edward W. Clark Generating Station">Edward W. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Churchill_Generating_Station" title="Fort Churchill Generating Station">Fort Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_A._Tracy_Generating_Station" title="Frank A. Tracy Generating Station">Frank A. Tracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Allen_Generating_Station" title="Harry Allen Generating Station">Harry Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverhawk_Generating_Station" title="Silverhawk Generating Station">Silverhawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toquop_Energy_Project" title="Toquop Energy Project">Toquop</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_M._Higgins_Generating_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter M. Higgins Generating Station (page does not exist)">Walter M. Higgins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geothermal_power" title="Geothermal power">Geothermal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beowawe_Geothermal_Power_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Beowawe Geothermal Power Plant">Beowawe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Mountain_Faulkner_1_Geothermal_Power_Plant" title="Blue Mountain Faulkner 1 Geothermal Power Plant">Blue Mountain Faulkner 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brady_Hot_Springs_Geothermal_Plant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brady Hot Springs Geothermal Plant (page does not exist)">Brady Hot Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clayton_Valley_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clayton Valley 1 (page does not exist)">Clayton Valley 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Desert_Peak_Geothermal_Plant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Desert Peak Geothermal Plant (page does not exist)">Desert Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dixie_Valley_Geothermal_Plant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dixie Valley Geothermal Plant (page does not exist)">Dixie Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galena_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galena 2 (page does not exist)">Galena 2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galena_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galena 3 (page does not exist)">Galena 3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Homestretch_Geothermal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Homestretch Geothermal (page does not exist)">Homestretch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_Valley" title="Jersey Valley">Jersey Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=McGinnis_Hills&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McGinnis Hills (page does not exist)">McGinnis Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Valley_Geothermal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Valley Geothermal (page does not exist)">North Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pumpernickel_Geothermal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pumpernickel Geothermal (page does not exist)">Pumpernickel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Burdette_Geothermal_Power_Plant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Burdette Geothermal Power Plant (page does not exist)">Richard Burdette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Emidio_Geothermal_Plant" title="San Emidio Geothermal Plant">San Emidio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soda_Lake_Geothermal_Plant" title="Soda Lake Geothermal Plant">Soda Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steamboat_Hills_Geothermal_Plant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steamboat Hills Geothermal Plant (page does not exist)">Steamboat Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steamboat_Springs_Geothermal_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Steamboat Springs Geothermal Plant">Steamboat Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stillwater_site" class="mw-redirect" title="Stillwater site">Stillwater</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuscarora_Geothermal_Plant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuscarora Geothermal Plant (page does not exist)">Tuscarora</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wabuska_Geothermal_Plant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wabuska Geothermal Plant (page does not exist)">Wabuska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hydroelectric" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroelectric">Hydroelectric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Davis_Dam" title="Davis Dam">Davis Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Dam" title="Hoover Dam">Hoover Dam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Solar_power" title="Solar power">Solar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RV_Apex_Solar" title="RV Apex Solar">Apex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulder_Solar" title="Boulder Solar">Boulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copper_Mountain_Solar_Facility" title="Copper Mountain Solar Facility">Copper Mountain</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crescent Dunes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_W._Clark_Generating_Station" title="Edward W. Clark Generating Station">Edward W. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Dorado_Solar_Power_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="El Dorado Solar Power Plant">El Dorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_View_Solar_Energy_Project" title="Mountain View Solar Energy Project">Mountain View</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellis_Solar_Power_Plant" title="Nellis Solar Power Plant">Nellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Solar_One" title="Nevada Solar One">Nevada Solar One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandstone_Solar_Energy_Project" title="Sandstone Solar Energy Project">Sandstone</a> (cancelled)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_State_North_Solar_Project" title="Silver State North Solar Project">Silver State North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_State_South_Solar_Project" title="Silver State South Solar Project">Silver State South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stillwater_site" class="mw-redirect" title="Stillwater site">Stillwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toquop_Energy_Project" title="Toquop Energy Project">Toquop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wind_power" title="Wind power">Wind</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Valley_Wind_Farm" title="Spring Valley Wind Farm">Spring Valley Wind Farm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural gas pipeline">Natural gas pipelines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kern_River_Pipeline" title="Kern River Pipeline">Kern River Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Pipeline" title="Ruby Pipeline">Ruby Pipeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Petroleum pipeline">Petroleum pipelines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calnev_Pipeline" title="Calnev Pipeline">Calnev Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unev_pipeline" title="Unev pipeline">Unev pipeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electric_power_transmission" title="Electric power transmission">Transmission lines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Nevada_Transmission_Line" title="One Nevada Transmission Line">One Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Path_27" title="Path 27">Path 27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Path_46" title="Path 46">Path 46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Path_62" title="Path 62">Path 62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Path_64" class="mw-redirect" title="Path 64">Path 64</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electrical_substation" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical substation">Substations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marketplace_substation" title="Marketplace substation">Marketplace substation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mead_substation" title="Mead substation">Mead substation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goodsprings_Waste_Heat_Recovery_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Goodsprings Waste Heat Recovery Station">Goodsprings Waste Heat Recovery Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Nevada" title="List of power stations in Nevada">List of power stations in Nevada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Solar_power_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_power_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Solar power in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Solar_power_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Solar power in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Solar_power_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Solar power in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Solar_power_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_the_United_States" title="Solar power in the United States">Solar power in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power" title="Solar power">Solar power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_the_United_States" title="Energy in the United States">Energy in the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By state</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Alabama" title="Solar power in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Alaska" title="Solar power in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Arizona" title="Solar power in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Arkansas" title="Solar power in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_California" title="Solar power in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Colorado" title="Solar power in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Connecticut" title="Solar power in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Delaware" title="Solar power in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Florida" title="Solar power in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Solar power in Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Hawaii" title="Solar power in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Idaho" title="Solar power in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Illinois" title="Solar power in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Indiana" title="Solar power in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Iowa" title="Solar power in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Kansas" title="Solar power in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Kentucky" title="Solar power in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Louisiana" title="Solar power in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Maine" title="Solar power in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Maryland" title="Solar power in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Massachusetts" title="Solar power in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Michigan" title="Solar power in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Minnesota" title="Solar power in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Mississippi" title="Solar power in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Missouri" title="Solar power in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Montana" title="Solar power in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Nebraska" title="Solar power in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Nevada" title="Solar power in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_New_Hampshire" title="Solar power in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_New_Jersey" title="Solar power in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_New_Mexico" title="Solar power in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_New_York" title="Solar power in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_North_Carolina" title="Solar power in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_North_Dakota" title="Solar power in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Ohio" title="Solar power in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Oklahoma" title="Solar power in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Oregon" title="Solar power in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Pennsylvania" title="Solar power in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Rhode_Island" title="Solar power in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_South_Carolina" title="Solar power in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_South_Dakota" title="Solar power in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Tennessee" title="Solar power in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Texas" title="Solar power in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Utah" title="Solar power in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Vermont" title="Solar power in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Virginia" title="Solar power in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Washington_(state)" title="Solar power in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Washington,_D.C." title="Solar power in Washington, D.C.">D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_West_Virginia" title="Solar power in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Wisconsin" title="Solar power in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Wyoming" title="Solar power in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Power plants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agua_Caliente_Solar_Project" title="Agua Caliente Solar Project">Agua Caliente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamosa_Solar_Generating_Project" title="Alamosa Solar Generating Project">Alamosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antelope_Valley_Solar_Ranch" title="Antelope Valley Solar Ranch">Antelope Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenal_Solar_Facility" title="Avenal Solar Facility">Avenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avra_Valley_Solar_Generating_Station" title="Avra Valley Solar Generating Station">Avra Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beacon_Solar_Project" title="Beacon Solar Project">Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bison_Solar_Plant" title="Bison Solar Plant">Bison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Wing_Solar_Project" title="Blue Wing Solar Project">Blue Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blythe_Photovoltaic_Power_Plant" title="Blythe Photovoltaic Power Plant">Blythe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blythe_Mesa_Solar_Power_Project" title="Blythe Mesa Solar Power Project">Blythe Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulder_Solar" title="Boulder Solar">Boulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brockton_Brightfield" title="Brockton Brightfield">Brockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Flats_Solar_Project" title="California Flats Solar Project">California Flats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Valley_Solar_Ranch" title="California Valley Solar Ranch">California Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campo_Verde_Solar_Project" title="Campo Verde Solar Project">Campo Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalina_Solar_Project" title="Catalina Solar Project">Catalina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centinela_Solar_Energy_Project" title="Centinela Solar Energy Project">Centinela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimarron_Solar_Facility" title="Cimarron Solar Facility">Cimarron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche_Solar_Project" title="Comanche Solar Project">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copper_Mountain_Solar_Facility" title="Copper Mountain Solar Facility">Copper Mountain</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crescent Dunes CSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davidson_County_Solar_Farm" title="Davidson County Solar Farm">Davidson County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stateline_Solar" title="Stateline Solar">Desert Stateline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Sunlight_Solar_Farm" title="Desert Sunlight Solar Farm">Desert Sunlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeSoto_Next_Generation_Solar_Energy_Center" title="DeSoto Next Generation Solar Energy Center">DeSoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Dorado_Solar_Power_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="El Dorado Solar Power Plant">El Dorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enterprise_Solar_Farm" title="Enterprise Solar Farm">Enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escalante_Solar_Project" title="Escalante Solar Project">Escalante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genesis_Solar_Energy_Project" title="Genesis Solar Energy Project">Genesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holaniku_at_Keahole_Point" title="Holaniku at Keahole Point">Holaniku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooper_Solar_PV_Power_Plant" title="Hooper Solar PV Power Plant">Hooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Solar_Energy_Center_West" title="Imperial Solar Energy Center West">Imperial SEC West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Solar_Energy_Center_South" title="Imperial Solar Energy Center South">Imperial SEC South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Valley_Solar_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Valley Solar Project">Imperial Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanpah_Solar_Power_Facility" title="Ivanpah Solar Power Facility">Ivanpah CSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberlina_Solar_Thermal_Energy_Plant" title="Kimberlina Solar Thermal Energy Plant">Kimberlina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Solar_Farm" title="Long Island Solar Farm">Long Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Next_Generation_Solar_Energy_Center" title="Martin Next Generation Solar Energy Center">Martin CSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCoy_Solar_Energy_Project" title="McCoy Solar Energy Project">McCoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesquite_Solar_project" title="Mesquite Solar project">Mesquite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moapa_Southern_Paiute_Solar_Project" title="Moapa Southern Paiute Solar Project">Moapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojave_Solar_Project" title="Mojave Solar Project">Mojave CSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Signal_Solar" title="Mount Signal Solar">Mount Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellis_Solar_Power_Plant" title="Nellis Solar Power Plant">Nellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Solar_One" title="Nevada Solar One">Nevada Solar One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panoche_Valley_Solar_Farm" title="Panoche Valley Solar Farm">Panoche Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hills_Renewable_Energy_Park" title="Red Hills Renewable Energy Park">Red Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redwood_Solar_Farm" class="mw-redirect" title="Redwood Solar Farm">Redwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roserock_Solar" title="Roserock Solar">Roserock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Valley_Solar_Ranch" title="San Luis Valley Solar Ranch">San Luis Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Isabel_Solar_Energy_Center" title="San Isabel Solar Energy Center">San Isabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_SunTower" title="Sierra SunTower">Sierra SunTower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_State_North_Solar_Project" title="Silver State North Solar Project">Silver State North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_State_South_Solar_Project" title="Silver State South Solar Project">Silver State South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solana_Generating_Station" title="Solana Generating Station">Solana CSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Energy_Generating_Systems" title="Solar Energy Generating Systems">SEGS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Star" title="Solar Star">Solar Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Coast_Next_Generation_Solar_Energy_Center" title="Space Coast Next Generation Solar Energy Center">Space Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springbok_Solar_Farm" title="Springbok Solar Farm">Springbok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Reservoir#Sunset_Solar_Project" title="Sunset Reservoir">Sunset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techren_Solar_Project" title="Techren Solar Project">Techren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Cedars_Solar_Project" title="Three Cedars Solar Project">Three Cedars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topaz_Solar_Farm" title="Topaz Solar Farm">Topaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webberville_Solar_Farm" title="Webberville Solar Farm">Webberville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westlands_Solar_Park" title="Westlands Solar Park">Westlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_at_the_White_House" title="Solar power at the White House">White House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyandot_Solar_Facility" title="Wyandot Solar Facility">Wyandot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abengoa_Solar" title="Abengoa Solar">Abengoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascent_Solar" title="Ascent Solar">Ascent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ausra_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ausra (company)">Ausra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BP_Solar" title="BP Solar">BP Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BrightSource_Energy" title="BrightSource Energy">BrightSource</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Solar" title="Canadian Solar">Canadian Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enphase_Energy" title="Enphase Energy">Enphase Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EnviroMission" title="EnviroMission">EnviroMission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESolar" title="ESolar">eSolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Solar" title="First Solar">First Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Solar" class="mw-redirect" title="Global Solar">Global Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GoodLeap" title="GoodLeap">GoodLeap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grape_Solar" title="Grape Solar">Grape Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanwha_Group" title="Hanwha Group">Hanwha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanwha_Q_Cells" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanwha Q Cells">Qcells</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HelioPower" title="HelioPower">HelioPower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinko_Solar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinko Solar">Jinko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxeon_Solar_Technologies" title="Maxeon Solar Technologies">Maxeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miasole" class="mw-redirect" title="Miasole">Miasole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosaic_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosaic Inc">Mosaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Practical_Solar,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Practical Solar, Inc.">Practical Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharp_Solar" title="Sharp Solar">Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyline_Solar" title="Skyline Solar">Skyline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SolarEdge" title="SolarEdge">SolarEdge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Frontier" title="Solar Frontier">Solar Frontier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solaren" title="Solaren">Solaren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SolarReserve" title="SolarReserve">SolarReserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SoloPower" title="SoloPower">SoloPower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopogy" title="Sopogy">Sopogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StratoSolar" class="mw-redirect" title="StratoSolar">StratoSolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stirling_Energy_Systems" title="Stirling Energy Systems">Stirling Energy Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundog_Solar" title="Sundog Solar">Sundog Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SunEdison" title="SunEdison">SunEdison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunetric" title="Sunetric">Sunetric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sungevity" title="Sungevity">Sungevity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SunPower" title="SunPower">SunPower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunrun" title="Sunrun">Sunrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suntech_Power" title="Suntech Power">Suntech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesla_Energy" title="Tesla Energy">Tesla Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trina_Solar" title="Trina Solar">Trina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yingli" title="Yingli">Yingli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8minutenergy_Renewables" class="mw-redirect" title="8minutenergy Renewables">8minutenergy Renewables</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Council_on_Renewable_Energy" title="American Council on Renewable Energy">American Council on Renewable Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstate_Renewable_Energy_Council" title="Interstate Renewable Energy Council">Interstate Renewable Energy Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Energy_Industries_Association" title="Solar Energy Industries Association">Solar Energy Industries Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Community_solar_farm" class="mw-redirect" title="Community solar farm">Community solar farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PACE_financing" title="PACE financing">PACE financing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span 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