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id="toc-Partition_and_aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formation_of_Haryana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_of_Haryana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Formation of Haryana </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_of_Haryana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Demographics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Castes_and_tribes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Castes_and_tribes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Castes and tribes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Castes_and_tribes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Languages </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Folk_dances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folk_dances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 Folk dances </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folk_dances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Folk_music_and_songs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folk_music_and_songs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2 Folk music and songs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folk_music_and_songs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Classical_Haryanvi_folk_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classical_Haryanvi_folk_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2.1 Classical Haryanvi folk music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classical_Haryanvi_folk_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Desi_Haryanvi_folk_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Desi_Haryanvi_folk_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2.2 Desi Haryanvi folk music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Desi_Haryanvi_folk_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Socially_normative-cohesive_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Socially_normative-cohesive_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2.3 Socially normative-cohesive impact </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Socially_normative-cohesive_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Cuisine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Society" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Society"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Society </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Society-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Plains_and_mountains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plains_and_mountains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Plains and mountains </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plains_and_mountains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Hydrography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora_and_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora_and_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Flora and fauna </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora_and_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Forests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4.1 Forests </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Forests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wildlife" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wildlife"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4.2 Wildlife </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wildlife-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_and_ecological_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_and_ecological_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Environmental and ecological issues </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_and_ecological_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Administration </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Administration subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Divisions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Districts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Districts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Districts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Districts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law_and_order" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_and_order"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Law and order </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law_and_order-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance_and_e-governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance_and_e-governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Governance and e-governance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance_and_e-governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Economy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Economy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Agriculture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Crops" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crops"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.1 Crops </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fruits,_vegetables_and_spices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fruits,_vegetables_and_spices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.2 Fruits, vegetables and spices </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fruits,_vegetables_and_spices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flowers_and_medicinal_plants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flowers_and_medicinal_plants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.3 Flowers and medicinal plants </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flowers_and_medicinal_plants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Livestock" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Livestock"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.4 Livestock </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Livestock-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.5 Research </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industrial_sector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industrial_sector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Industrial sector </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industrial_sector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Manufacturing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manufacturing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.1 Manufacturing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manufacturing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.2 Utilities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services_sector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services_sector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Services sector </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Services_sector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.1 Transport </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aviation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aviation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.1.1 Aviation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aviation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roads_and_highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads_and_highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.1.2 Roads and highways </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads_and_highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Railway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.1.3 Railway </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.1.4 Metro </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sky_Way" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sky_Way"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.1.5 Sky Way </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sky_Way-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communication_and_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communication_and_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.2 Communication and media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Communication_and_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Healthcare </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Education </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Education subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Literacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Literacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Schools </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Universities_and_higher_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Universities_and_higher_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Universities and higher education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Universities_and_higher_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Notable people </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Haryana</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 124 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-124" aria-hidden="true" > 124 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%80%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%AB%E1%8A%93" title="ሀርያና – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሀርያና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" title="हरयाणा – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="हरयाणा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9" title="هريانة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هريانة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="হাৰিয়ানা – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হাৰিয়ানা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" title="हरियाणा – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="हरियाणा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="هاریانا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هاریانا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="হরিয়ানা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হরিয়ানা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%E2%80%99%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Хар’яна – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хар’яна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%E2%80%99%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Гар’яна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гар’яна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" title="हरियाणा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हरियाणा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Харяна – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Харяна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8E%E0%BD%B1%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧ་རི་ཡཱ་ཎཱ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཧ་རི་ཡཱ་ཎཱ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Харьяна – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Харьяна" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Hary%C4%81na" title="State of Haryāna – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="State of Haryāna" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harij%C3%A1na" title="Harijána – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Harijána" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%80%DE%A6%DE%83%DE%A8%DE%94%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%A7" title="ހަރިޔާނާ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ހަރިޔާނާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" title="हरियाणा – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="हरियाणा" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%85%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Χαρυάνα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χαρυάνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harjano" title="Harjano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Harjano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="هاریانا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هاریانا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A3%E0%AA%BE" title="હરિયાણા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હરિયાણા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryanna" title="Haryanna – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Haryanna" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EB%82%98%EC%A3%BC" title="하리아나주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하리아나주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Հարյանա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հարյանա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" title="हरियाणा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हरियाणा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harjana" title="Harjana – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Harjana" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="হরিয়ানা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="হরিয়ানা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%C3%A6" title="Харьянæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Харьянæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%94" title="הריאנה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הריאנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A3" title="ಹರಿಯಾಣ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹರಿಯಾಣ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ჰარიანა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰარიანა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%8E%D8%B1%D9%90%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ہَرِیانا – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ہَرِیانا" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hariy%C4%81%E1%B9%87%C4%81" title="Hariyāṇā – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hariyāṇā" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harj%C4%81na" title="Harjāna – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Harjāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B9%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Гьарйяна – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Гьарйяна" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harjana" title="Harjana – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Harjana" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harij%C3%A1na" title="Harijána – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Harijána" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" title="हरियाणा – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="हरियाणा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Харајана – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Харајана" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3" title="ഹരിയാണ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹരിയാണ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" title="हरियाणा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हरियाणा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ჰარიანა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰარიანა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="هاریانا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هاریانا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯍꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯍꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Харяна – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Харяна" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%8F%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="ဟရိယာဏာပြည်နယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟရိယာဏာပြည်နယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" title="हरियाणा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हरियाणा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" title="हरियाणा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="हरियाणा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E5%B7%9E" title="ハリヤーナー州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハリヤーナー州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Brjan" title="Ërjan – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Ërjan" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Харьяна – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Харьяна" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A3%E0%AC%BE" title="ହରିୟାଣା – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ହରିୟାଣା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaryana" title="Xaryana – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xaryana" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE" title="ਹਰਿਆਣਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਰਿਆਣਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DD%A8%D8%A7" title="ہریاݨا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہریاݨا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="هريانه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هريانه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hariana" title="Hariana – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hariana" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harian%C3%A1" title="Harianá – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Harianá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Харьяна – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Харьяна" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="हरियाणाराज्यम् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="हरियाणाराज्यम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AC%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DD%A8%DB%81" title="ہریاݨہ – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="ہریاݨہ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="هريانا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="هريانا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harij%C3%A1na" title="Harijána – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Harijána" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harjana" title="Harjana – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Harjana" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ھاریانا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھاریانا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Харајана – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Харајана" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harjana" title="Harjana – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Harjana" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE" title="அரியானா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அரியானா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Һарьяна – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Һарьяна" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE" title="హర్యానా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హర్యానా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2" title="รัฐหรยาณา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐหรยาณา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ҳарияна – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳарияна" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A3" title="ಹರ್ಯಾಣ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಹರ್ಯಾಣ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ತುಳು</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%27%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Хар'яна – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хар'яна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%81" title="ہریانہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہریانہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Haryana" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E7%BA%B3%E9%82%A6" title="哈里亚纳邦 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="哈里亚纳邦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%90" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Haryana&params=30.73_N_76.78_E_region:IN-HR_type:adm1st">30°44′N 76°47′E / 30.73°N 76.78°E / 30.73; 76.78</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State in northern India</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Bollywood film, see <a href="/wiki/Haryana_(film)" title="Haryana (film)">Haryana (film)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State in North India, India</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Haryana</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">State</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">State of Haryana</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid white;width:250px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:1px 0 0 1px"><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:Cyber_City_View.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Cyber_City_View.jpg/250px-Cyber_City_View.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Cyber_City_View.jpg/375px-Cyber_City_View.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Cyber_City_View.jpg/500px-Cyber_City_View.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="2006" /></a></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:Pinjore_Garden_Chandigarh_India_(8).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Pinjore_Garden_Chandigarh_India_%288%29.JPG/124px-Pinjore_Garden_Chandigarh_India_%288%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="124" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Pinjore_Garden_Chandigarh_India_%288%29.JPG/186px-Pinjore_Garden_Chandigarh_India_%288%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Pinjore_Garden_Chandigarh_India_%288%29.JPG/248px-Pinjore_Garden_Chandigarh_India_%288%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:Sourabh475123_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Sourabh475123_01.jpg/124px-Sourabh475123_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Sourabh475123_01.jpg/186px-Sourabh475123_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Sourabh475123_01.jpg/248px-Sourabh475123_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="3096" /></a></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:Madhogarh_Fort,_Haryana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Madhogarh_Fort%2C_Haryana.jpg/250px-Madhogarh_Fort%2C_Haryana.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="93" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:Most_Beautiful_Lake_in_Faridabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Most_Beautiful_Lake_in_Faridabad.jpg/124px-Most_Beautiful_Lake_in_Faridabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Most_Beautiful_Lake_in_Faridabad.jpg/186px-Most_Beautiful_Lake_in_Faridabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Most_Beautiful_Lake_in_Faridabad.jpg/248px-Most_Beautiful_Lake_in_Faridabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:Stadium_rohtak.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Stadium_rohtak.jpg/250px-Stadium_rohtak.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Stadium_rohtak.jpg/375px-Stadium_rohtak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Stadium_rohtak.jpg/500px-Stadium_rohtak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1384" data-file-height="378" /></a></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">From top, left to right: <a href="/wiki/Cyber_City,_Gurgaon" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyber City, Gurgaon">Cyber City in Gurgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinjore_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinjore Gardens">Pinjore Gardens</a>, bronze chariot of <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a> at <a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra" title="Kurukshetra">Kurukshetra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asigarh_Fort" title="Asigarh Fort">Asigarh Fort</a>, Rohtak Stadium, Lake in <a href="/wiki/Surajkund" title="Surajkund">Surajkund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rajiv_Gandhi_Sports_Complex" title="Rajiv Gandhi Sports Complex">Rajiv Gandhi Sports Complex</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Haryana.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Haryana"><img alt="Official emblem of Haryana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Emblem_of_Haryana.svg/125px-Emblem_of_Haryana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Emblem_of_Haryana.svg/188px-Emblem_of_Haryana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Emblem_of_Haryana.svg/250px-Emblem_of_Haryana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="528" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Haryana" title="Emblem of Haryana">Emblem of Haryana</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Etymology: Abode of God or Green Forest</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_mottos" title="List of Indian state mottos">Motto(s)</a>: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Satyameva Jayate Truth alone triumphs</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:IN-HR.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Haryana in India"><img alt="The map of India showing Haryana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/IN-HR.svg/300px-IN-HR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/IN-HR.svg/450px-IN-HR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/IN-HR.svg/600px-IN-HR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="583" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Haryana in India</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Haryana&params=30.73_N_76.78_E_region:IN-HR_type:adm1st">30°44′N 76°47′E / 30.73°N 76.78°E / 30.73; 76.78</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">India</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_India" title="Administrative divisions of India">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/North_India" title="North India">North India</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="height:0px"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Before was</th><td class="infobox-data">Part of <a href="/wiki/Punjab" title="Punjab">Punjab</a></td></tr><tr class="Part of [[Punjab]] mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_foundation_days" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indian state foundation days">Formation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1 November 1966</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India" title="List of state and union territory capitals in India">Capital</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_India_by_population" title="List of cities in India by population">Largest city</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_India" title="List of districts in India">Districts</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Haryana" title="List of districts of Haryana">22 (6 divisions)</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Haryana" title="Government of Haryana">Government of Haryana</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Haryana" title="List of governors of Haryana">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bandaru_Dattatreya" title="Bandaru Dattatreya">Bandaru Dattatreya</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70955111?uselang=en#P1308" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_chief_ministers_of_Haryana" title="List of chief ministers of Haryana">Chief minister</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nayab_Singh_Saini" title="Nayab Singh Saini">Nayab Singh Saini</a> (2024–) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55018634?uselang=en#P1308" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/State_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="State Legislature">State Legislature</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Unicameral</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/State_legislative_assemblies_of_India" title="State legislative assemblies of India">Assembly</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Legislative_Assembly" title="Haryana Legislative Assembly">Haryana Legislative Assembly</a> (<a href="/wiki/Haryana_Legislative_Assembly" title="Haryana Legislative Assembly">90 seats</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">National Parliament</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_India" title="Parliament of India">Parliament of India</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_Rajya_Sabha#Haryana" title="List of current members of the Rajya Sabha">5 seats</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_18th_Lok_Sabha#Haryana" title="List of members of the 18th Lok Sabha">10 seats</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/High_courts_of_India" title="High courts of India">High Court</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Punjab_and_Haryana_High_Court" title="Punjab and Haryana High Court">Punjab and Haryana High Court</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-profile-2">[2]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">44,212 km2 (17,070 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_union_territories_of_India_by_area" title="List of states and union territories of India by area">21st</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">200 m (700 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Karoh_Peak" title="Karoh Peak">Karoh Peak</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,499 m (4,918 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lowest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">169 m (554 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2011)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Neutral increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Increase_Neutral.svg/11px-Increase_Neutral.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Increase_Neutral.svg/17px-Increase_Neutral.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Increase_Neutral.svg/22px-Increase_Neutral.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="347" data-file-height="346" /> 25,351,462</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_union_territories_of_India_by_population" title="List of states and union territories of India by population">18th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">573/km2 (1,480/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">34.88%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rural<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">65.12%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_people" title="Haryanvi people">Haryanvi</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Language<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Languages_with_official_status_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages with official status in India">Official</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a><a href="#cite_note-nclmanurep2010-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Languages_with_official_status_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages with official status in India">Additional official</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a><a href="#cite_note-punjabiofficial-4">[4]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Official_scripts_of_the_Indian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Official scripts of the Indian Republic">Official script</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gurmukhi" title="Gurmukhi">Gurmukhi</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-Survey1-5">[5]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>(2024–25)</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">₹</a>14.17 trillion (US$160 billion)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_GDP" title="List of Indian states and union territories by GDP">13th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">₹</a>436,150 (US$5,000) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of Indian states and union territories by GDP per capita">6th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B05:30" title="UTC+05:30">UTC+05:30</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:IN" title="ISO 3166-2:IN">IN-HR</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Regional_Transport_Office_districts_in_India" title="List of Regional Transport Office districts in India">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">HR</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" />(2019)</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 0.708 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style>High<a href="#cite_note-snhdi-gdl-6">[6]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Indian states and union territories by Human Development Index">12th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy">Literacy</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" />(2011)</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 75.55% (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_literacy_rate" title="List of Indian states and union territories by literacy rate">22nd</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sex_ratio" title="Sex ratio">Sex ratio</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" />(2021)</th><td class="infobox-data">926<a href="/wiki/Female" title="Female">♀</a>/1000 <a href="/wiki/Male" title="Male">♂</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_union_territories_of_India_by_sex_ratio" title="List of states and union territories of India by sex ratio">29th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://haryana.gov.in">haryana.gov.in</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1141396924">.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-none{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-center{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-title{font-size:120%}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-subheader{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cddeff}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-island{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cef2e0}</style></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Symbols of Haryana</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Haryana.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Emblem_of_Haryana.svg/80px-Emblem_of_Haryana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Emblem_of_Haryana.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Haryana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Emblem_of_Haryana.svg/160px-Emblem_of_Haryana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="528" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Haryana" title="Emblem of Haryana">Emblem of Haryana</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="height:0px"></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_foundation_days" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indian state foundation days">Foundation day</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Haryana Day">Haryana Day</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_birds" title="List of Indian state birds">Bird</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Black_francolin" title="Black francolin">Black francolin</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_flowers" title="List of Indian state flowers">Flower</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_plants_known_as_lotus" title="List of plants known as lotus">Lotus</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_animals" title="List of Indian state animals">Mammal</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Blackbuck" title="Blackbuck">Blackbuck</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_trees" title="List of Indian state trees">Tree</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ficus_religiosa" title="Ficus religiosa">Bodhi tree</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">State highway mark</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:SH_IN-HR.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/SH_IN-HR.png/90px-SH_IN-HR.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/SH_IN-HR.png/135px-SH_IN-HR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/SH_IN-HR.png/180px-SH_IN-HR.png 2x" data-file-width="1538" data-file-height="2048" /></a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">State highway of Haryana <a href="/wiki/List_of_highways_in_Haryana" title="List of highways in Haryana">HR SH1 – HR SH33</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_symbols" title="List of Indian state symbols">List of Indian state symbols</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><a href="#ref_cap">^†</a> Joint Capital with Punjab <a href="#endnote_cap">††</a> Common for Punjab, Haryana and Chandigarh.</td></tr></tbody></table> Haryana (<a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a>: Hariyāṇā , <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>pronounced <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu">[ɦəɾɪˈjɑːɳɑː]</a>) is a <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">state</a> located in the northern part of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. It was carved out after the linguistic reorganisation of <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a> on 1 November 1966. It is ranked 21st in terms of area, with less than 1.4% (44,212 km2 or 17,070 sq mi) of India's land area.<a href="#cite_note-profile-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> The state capital is <a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a>, which it shares with the neighbouring state of Punjab; the most populous city is <a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a>, a part of the <a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)" title="National Capital Region (India)">National Capital Region</a>. The city of <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a> is among India's largest financial and technology hubs.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Haryana has 6 <a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of Haryana">administrative divisions</a>, 22 <a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Haryana" title="List of districts of Haryana">districts</a>, 72 sub-divisions, 93 <a href="/wiki/Tehsil" title="Tehsil">revenue tehsils</a>, 50 sub-tehsils, 140 <a href="/wiki/Community_development_block_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Community development block in India">community development blocks</a>, 154 <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Haryana_by_population" title="List of cities in Haryana by population">cities and towns</a>, 7,356 villages, and 6,222 <a href="/wiki/Gram_panchayat" title="Gram panchayat">villages panchayats</a>.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENIDM4-10">[10]</a> Haryana contains 32 <a href="/wiki/Special_economic_zone" title="Special economic zone">special economic zones</a> (SEZs), mainly located within the industrial corridor projects connecting the National Capital Region.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-harec2-11">[11]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a> is considered one of the major <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobile</a> hubs of India.<a href="#cite_note-IT3-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-percapita3-13">[13]</a> Haryana <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_territories_by_Human_Development_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indian states and territories by Human Development Index">ranks 11th</a> among Indian states in <a href="/wiki/Human_development_index" class="mw-redirect" title="Human development index">human development index</a>.<a href="#cite_note-snhdi-gdl-6">[6]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haryana" title="Economy of Haryana">economy of Haryana</a> is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_GDP" title="List of Indian states and union territories by GDP">13th largest</a> in India, with a gross state domestic product (GSDP) of <a href="/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">₹</a>7.65 trillion (US$88 billion) and has the country's <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of Indian states and union territories by GDP per capita">5th-highest GSDP per capita</a> of ₹240,000 (US$2,700).<a href="#cite_note-Survey1-5">[5]</a> The state is rich in <a href="/wiki/History_of_Haryana" title="History of Haryana">history</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Monuments_of_National_Importance_in_Haryana" title="List of Monuments of National Importance in Haryana">monuments</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_State_Protected_Monuments_in_Haryana" title="List of State Protected Monuments in Haryana">heritage</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Parks_%26_Wildlife_Sanctuaries_of_Haryana,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries of Haryana, India">flora and fauna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Haryana" title="Tourism in Haryana">tourism</a>, with a well-developed <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haryana" title="Economy of Haryana">economy</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Highways_in_India#Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Highways in India">national highways</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_state_highways_in_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state highways in Haryana">state roads</a>. It is bordered by <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a> to the north, by <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a> to the west and <a href="/wiki/South_Haryana" title="South Haryana">south</a>, while river <a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a> forms its eastern border with <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>. Haryana surrounds the country's capital territory of <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> on three sides (north, west and south), consequently, a large area of Haryana state is included in the economically important National Capital Region of India for the purposes of planning and development. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> Anthropologists came up with the view that Haryana was known by this name because in the post-<a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a> period, the <a href="/wiki/Abhiras" class="mw-redirect" title="Abhiras">Ābhiras</a> lived here,<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> who developed special skills in the art of agriculture.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> According to Pran Nath Chopra, Haryana evolved as a word from Ābhirāyana (from ābhira and ayana "path, way") to Ahirāyana to Hariyānā (Haryana).<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Haryana" title="History of Haryana">History of Haryana</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Monuments_of_National_Importance_in_Haryana" title="List of Monuments of National Importance in Haryana">National monuments in Haryana</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_State_Protected_Monuments_in_Haryana" title="List of State Protected Monuments in Haryana">State monuments in Haryana</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_period">Ancient period</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ancient period">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley Civilization">Indus Valley Civilization</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vedic_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic Civilization">Vedic Civilization</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:342px;max-width:342px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:112px;max-width:112px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:156px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Skeleton_harappa.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Skeleton_harappa.JPG/110px-Skeleton_harappa.JPG" decoding="async" width="110" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Skeleton_harappa.JPG/165px-Skeleton_harappa.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Skeleton_harappa.JPG/220px-Skeleton_harappa.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4933" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">A skeleton from an <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley civilisation">Indus Valley civilisation</a> site near <a href="/wiki/Rakhigarhi" title="Rakhigarhi">Rakhigarhi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IVC-Rakhigarhi-17">[17]</a> The skeleton is on display in the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum,_New_Delhi" class="mw-redirect" title="National Museum, New Delhi">National Museum</a>.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:226px;max-width:226px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:156px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Kurukshetra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Kurukshetra.jpg/224px-Kurukshetra.jpg" decoding="async" width="224" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Kurukshetra.jpg/336px-Kurukshetra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Kurukshetra.jpg/448px-Kurukshetra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="428" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Manuscript illustration of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kurukshetra" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Kurukshetra">Battle of Kurukshetra</a>, which is a war described in the <a href="/wiki/Indian_epic" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian epic">Indian epic</a> poem <a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81bh%C4%81rata" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahābhārata">Mahābhārata</a>. The conflict arose from a dynastic succession struggle between two groups of cousins, the <a href="/wiki/Kaurava" title="Kaurava">Kauravas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pandava" title="Pandava">Pandavas</a>, for the throne of <a href="/wiki/Hastinapura" class="mw-redirect" title="Hastinapura">Hastinapura</a> in an Indian kingdom called <a href="/wiki/Kuru_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuru Kingdom">Kuru</a>.</div></div></div></div></div> The villages of <a href="/wiki/Rakhigarhi" title="Rakhigarhi">Rakhigarhi</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hisar district</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bhirrana" title="Bhirrana">Bhirrana</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fatehabad_district" title="Fatehabad district">Fatehabad district</a> are home to ancient sites of the <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley Civilization">Indus Valley Civilization</a>, which contain evidence of paved roads, a drainage system, a large-scale rainwater collection storage system, terracotta brick and statue production, and skilled metalworking (in both bronze and precious metals).<a href="#cite_note-IVC-Rakhigarhi-17">[17]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Vedic_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic era">Vedic era</a>, Haryana was the site of the <a href="/wiki/Kuru_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuru Kingdom">Kuru Kingdom</a>, one of India's great <a href="/wiki/Mahajanapadas" title="Mahajanapadas">Mahajanapadas</a>. The south of Haryana is the claimed location of <a href="/wiki/Manusm%E1%B9%9Bti" class="mw-redirect" title="Manusmṛti">Manu</a>'s state of <a href="/wiki/Brahmavarta" title="Brahmavarta">Brahmavarta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>] The area surrounding <a href="/wiki/Dhosi_Hill" title="Dhosi Hill">Dhosi Hill</a>, and districts of <a href="/wiki/Rewari_district" title="Rewari district">Rewari</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mahendragarh_district" title="Mahendragarh district">Mahendragarh</a> had Ashrams of several Rishis who made valuable contributions to important Hindu scriptures like <a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manusmriti" title="Manusmriti">Manusmriti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brahmana" title="Brahmana">Brahmanas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> As per Manusmriti,<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Manu was the king of <a href="/wiki/Brahmavarta" title="Brahmavarta">Brahmavarta</a>, the flood time state 10,000 years ago surrounded by oldest route of Sarasvati and Drishadwati rivers on the banks of which Sanatan-Vedic or present-day Hindu ethos evolved and scriptures were composed. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval_period">Medieval period</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Medieval period">edit</a>]</div> Ancient bronze and stone idols of Jain <a href="/wiki/Tirthankara" title="Tirthankara">Tirthankara</a> were found in archaeological expeditions in <a href="/wiki/Badli" title="Badli">Badli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhiwani" title="Bhiwani">Bhiwani</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ranila" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranila">Ranila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charkhi_Dadri" title="Charkhi Dadri">Charkhi Dadri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Badhra" title="Badhra">Badhra</a>), <a href="/wiki/Dadri" title="Dadri">Dadri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gurugram" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurugram">Gurugram</a>), <a href="/wiki/Hansi" title="Hansi">Hansi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hisar_(city)" title="Hisar (city)">Hisar</a>, Kasan, Nahad, <a href="/wiki/Narnaul" title="Narnaul">Narnaul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pehowa" title="Pehowa">Pehowa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rewari" title="Rewari">Rewari</a>, Rohad, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak" title="Rohtak">Rohtak</a> (<a href="/wiki/Asthal_Bohar" title="Asthal Bohar">Asthal Bohar</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Sonepat" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonepat">Sonepat</a> in Haryana.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtul_Kumar_SinhaAbhay_Kumar_Singh2007401-21">[21]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Harsha_Ka_Tila.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Harsha_Ka_Tila.jpg/250px-Harsha_Ka_Tila.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Harsha_Ka_Tila.jpg/330px-Harsha_Ka_Tila.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Harsha_Ka_Tila.jpg/500px-Harsha_Ka_Tila.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Harsha Ka Tila mound west of <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Chilli%27s_Tomb" title="Sheikh Chilli's Tomb">Sheikh Chilli's Tomb</a> complex, with ruins from the reign of 7th-century ruler <a href="/wiki/Harsha" title="Harsha">Harsha</a>.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Pushyabhuti_dynasty" title="Pushyabhuti dynasty">Pushyabhuti dynasty</a> ruled parts of northern India in the 7th century with its capital at <a href="/wiki/Thanesar" title="Thanesar">Thanesar</a>. <a href="/wiki/Harsha" title="Harsha">Harsha</a> was a prominent king of the dynasty. <a href="/wiki/Tomara_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomara dynasty">Tomara dynasty</a> ruled the south Haryana region in the 10th century. <a href="/wiki/Anangpal_Tomar" title="Anangpal Tomar">Anangpal Tomar</a> was a prominent king among the Tomaras.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> After the sack of <a href="/wiki/Bhatner_fort" title="Bhatner fort">Bhatner fort</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Timurid_dynasty" title="Timurid dynasty">Timurid</a> conquests of India in 1398, <a href="/wiki/Timur" title="Timur">Timur</a> attacked and sacked the cities of <a href="/wiki/Sirsa" title="Sirsa">Sirsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fatehabad,_Haryana" title="Fatehabad, Haryana">Fatehabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sunam" title="Sunam">Sunam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaithal" title="Kaithal">Kaithal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panipat" title="Panipat">Panipat</a>. When he reached the town of Sarsuti (Sirsa), the residents fled and were chased by a detachment of Timur's troops, with thousands of them being killed and looted by the troops. From there he travelled to Fatehabad, whose residents fled and a large number of those remaining in the town were massacred. The <a href="/wiki/Ahirs" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahirs">Ahirs</a> resisted him at Ahruni but were defeated, with thousands being killed and many being taken prisoners while the town was burnt to ashes. From there he travelled to <a href="/wiki/Tohana" title="Tohana">Tohana</a>, whose <a href="/wiki/Jat" class="mw-redirect" title="Jat">Jat</a> inhabitants were robbers according to <a href="/wiki/Sharaf_ad-Din_Ali_Yazdi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharaf ad-Din Ali Yazdi">Sharaf ad-Din Ali Yazdi</a>. They tried to resist but were defeated and fled. Timur's army pursued and killed 200 <a href="/wiki/Jats" title="Jats">Jats</a>, while taking many more as prisoners. He then sent a detachment to chase the fleeing <a href="/wiki/Jats" title="Jats">Jats</a> and killed 2,000 of them while their wives and children were enslaved and their property plundered. Timur proceeded to Kaithal whose residents were massacred and plundered, destroying all villages along the way. On the next day, he came to <a href="/wiki/Assandh" title="Assandh">Assandh</a>, whose residents were "<a href="/wiki/Zoroastrians" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoroastrians">fire-worshippers</a>" according to Yazdi, and had fled to Delhi. Next, he travelled to and subdued Tughlaqpur fort and <a href="/wiki/Salwan" title="Salwan">Salwan</a> before reaching <a href="/wiki/Panipat" title="Panipat">Panipat</a> whose residents had already fled. He then marched on to <a href="/wiki/Loni,_Ghaziabad" title="Loni, Ghaziabad">Loni</a> fort.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maharaja_Hemu_Bhargava_-_Victor_of_Twenty_Two_Pitched_Battles,_1910s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Maharaja_Hemu_Bhargava_-_Victor_of_Twenty_Two_Pitched_Battles%2C_1910s.jpg/250px-Maharaja_Hemu_Bhargava_-_Victor_of_Twenty_Two_Pitched_Battles%2C_1910s.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Maharaja_Hemu_Bhargava_-_Victor_of_Twenty_Two_Pitched_Battles%2C_1910s.jpg/330px-Maharaja_Hemu_Bhargava_-_Victor_of_Twenty_Two_Pitched_Battles%2C_1910s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Maharaja_Hemu_Bhargava_-_Victor_of_Twenty_Two_Pitched_Battles%2C_1910s.jpg/500px-Maharaja_Hemu_Bhargava_-_Victor_of_Twenty_Two_Pitched_Battles%2C_1910s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1930" data-file-height="2738" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of <a href="/wiki/Hemu" title="Hemu">Hem Chandra Vikramaditya</a>, who fought and won across North India from the <a href="/wiki/Punjab_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab region">Punjab</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>, winning 22 straight battles.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESarkar196066-25">[25]</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Hem_Chandra_Vikramaditya" class="mw-redirect" title="Hem Chandra Vikramaditya">Hem Chandra Vikramaditya</a>, also called <a href="/wiki/Hemu" title="Hemu">Hemu</a>, claimed royal status and the throne of Delhi after defeating Akbar's Mughal forces on 7 October 1556 in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Delhi_(1556)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Delhi (1556)">Battle of Delhi</a>, and assumed the ancient title of <a href="/wiki/Hemachandra_Vikramaditya" class="mw-redirect" title="Hemachandra Vikramaditya">Vikramaditya</a>. The area that is now Haryana has been ruled by some of the major empires of India. <a href="/wiki/Panipat" title="Panipat">Panipat</a> is known for three seminal battles in the history of India. In the <a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Panipat" title="First Battle of Panipat">First Battle of Panipat</a> (1526), <a href="/wiki/Babur" title="Babur">Babur</a> defeated the <a href="/wiki/Lodi_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Lodi Empire">Lodis</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Panipat" title="Second Battle of Panipat">Second Battle of Panipat</a> (1556), <a href="/wiki/Akbar" title="Akbar">Akbar</a> defeated the local Haryanvi Hindu Emperor of Delhi, who belonged to <a href="/wiki/Rewari" title="Rewari">Rewari</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hem_Chandra_Vikramaditya" class="mw-redirect" title="Hem Chandra Vikramaditya">Hem Chandra Vikramaditya</a> had earlier won 22 battles across India from 1553 to 1556 from <a href="/wiki/Punjab" title="Punjab">Punjab</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>, defeating the Mughals and Afghans. Hemu had defeated Akbar's forces twice at Agra and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tughlaqabad" title="Battle of Tughlaqabad">Battle of Delhi</a> in 1556 to become the last Hindu Emperor of India with a formal coronation at <a href="/wiki/Purana_Quila" class="mw-redirect" title="Purana Quila">Purana Quila</a> in Delhi on 7 October 1556. In the <a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Panipat" title="Third Battle of Panipat">Third Battle of Panipat</a> (1761), the Afghan king <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Abdali" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmad Shah Abdali">Ahmad Shah Abdali</a> defeated the <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Confederacy" title="Maratha Confederacy">Marathas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_Period">British Period</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: British Period">edit</a>]</div> The state was part of the British <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Province_(British_India)" title="Punjab Province (British India)">Punjab province</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Province_(British_India)#Administrative_divisions" title="Punjab Province (British India)">Delhi division</a> of Punjab province formed the bulk of Haryana. Among the princely states that were located in the state were <a href="/wiki/Jind_State" title="Jind State">Jind</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalsia_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalsia State">Kalsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loharu_State" title="Loharu State">Loharu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dujana" title="Dujana">Dujana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pataudi_State" title="Pataudi State">Pataudi</a>, as well as parts of the <a href="/wiki/Patiala_State" title="Patiala State">Patiala State</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Partition_and_aftermath">Partition and aftermath</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Partition and aftermath">edit</a>]</div> During the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a>, the Punjab province was one of two British Indian provinces, alongside Bengal, to be partitioned between India and Pakistan. Haryana, along with other Hindu and Sikh-dominated areas of Punjab province, became part of India as <a href="/wiki/East_Punjab" title="East Punjab">East Punjab</a> state. As a result, a significant number of Muslims left for the newly formed country of <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>. Similarly, a huge number of Hindu and Sikh refugees poured into the state from <a href="/wiki/West_Punjab" title="West Punjab">West Punjab</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gopi_Chand_Bhargava" title="Gopi Chand Bhargava">Gopi Chand Bhargava</a>, who hailed from Sirsa in present-day Haryana, became the first Chief Minister of East Punjab. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_of_Haryana">Formation of Haryana</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Formation of Haryana">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Reorganisation_Act,_1966" title="Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966">Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966</a></div> Haryana as a state came into existence on 1 November 1966 the Punjab Reorganisation Act (1966). The Indian government set up the Shah Commission under the chairmanship of Justice JC Shah on 23 April 1966 to divide the existing state of <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a> and determine the boundaries of the new state of Haryana after consideration of the languages spoken by the people. It encompassed the predominantly Hindi-speaking southern part of former Punjab, while the state of Punjab was reduced to the area where Punjabi speakers formed the majority population. The commission delivered its report on 31 May 1966 whereby the then-districts of <a href="/wiki/Hisar_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hisar (district)">Hisar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mahendragarh" title="Mahendragarh">Mahendragarh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak" title="Rohtak">Rohtak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karnal" title="Karnal">Karnal</a> were to be a part of the new state of Haryana. Further, the <a href="/wiki/Tehsil" title="Tehsil">tehsils</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jind" title="Jind">Jind</a> and <a href="/wiki/Narwana" title="Narwana">Narwana</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Sangrur" title="Sangrur">Sangrur</a> district – along with <a href="/wiki/Naraingarh" title="Naraingarh">Naraingarh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ambala" title="Ambala">Ambala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jagadhri" title="Jagadhri">Jagadhri</a> – were to be included.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> The commission recommended that the tehsil of <a href="/wiki/Kharar,_SAS_Nagar" title="Kharar, SAS Nagar">Kharar</a>, which includes <a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a>, the state capital of Punjab, should be a part of Haryana. However, <a href="/wiki/Kharar,_SAS_Nagar" title="Kharar, SAS Nagar">Kharar</a> was given to Punjab.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> The city of Chandigarh was made a <a href="/wiki/Union_territory" title="Union territory">union territory</a>, serving as the capital of both Punjab and Haryana.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/B._D._Sharma" title="B. D. Sharma">Bhagwat Dayal Sharma</a> became the first <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chief_Ministers_of_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chief Ministers of Haryana">Chief Minister of Haryana</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <a href="/wiki/Devi_Lal" title="Devi Lal">Chaudhary Devi Lal</a> is credited to be the individual who pushed for the creation of this commission. He was an instrumental figure in the separation of the Haryana state from Punjab in 1966.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1881</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,015,386</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1891</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,171,339</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.38%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1901</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,268,222</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.23%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1911</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">3,870,574</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.97%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1921</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">4,211,393</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+0.85%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1931</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,495,730</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.66%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1941</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,166,169</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.40%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1951</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,673,597</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.94%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1961</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">7,590,524</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.95%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1971</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">10,036,431</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+2.83%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1981</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">12,922,119</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.56%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1991</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">16,463,648</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.45%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">21,144,564</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.53%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">25,351,462</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.83%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">source: <a href="#cite_note-Haryana1881-32">[a]</a><a href="#cite_note-Haryana1891-33">[b]</a><a href="#cite_note-Haryana1901-34">[c]</a><a href="#cite_note-Haryana1911-35">[d]</a><a href="#cite_note-Haryana1921-36">[e]</a><a href="#cite_note-Haryana1931-37">[f]</a><a href="#cite_note-Haryana1941-38">[g]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[32]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Haryana" title="List of people from Haryana">List of people from Haryana</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Punjab_1909.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Punjab_1909.jpg/329px-Punjab_1909.jpg" decoding="async" width="329" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Punjab_1909.jpg/494px-Punjab_1909.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Punjab_1909.jpg/658px-Punjab_1909.jpg 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="821" /></a><figcaption>Map of the <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Province_(British_India)" title="Punjab Province (British India)">Punjab Province of British India</a>; Haryana formed the southeastern areas of the province</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Castes_and_tribes">Castes and tribes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Castes and tribes">edit</a>]</div> As per 2019 estimates, the <a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_India" title="Caste system in India">caste</a> wise composition of Haryana is 25-30% <a href="/wiki/Jats" title="Jats">Jats</a>, 21% <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_Castes_and_Scheduled_Tribes" title="Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes">Scheduled Caste</a>, 8% <a href="/wiki/Punjabis" title="Punjabis">Punjabis</a>, 7.5% <a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmins</a>, 5.1% <a href="/wiki/Ahir" title="Ahir">Ahir</a>/<a href="/wiki/Yadav" title="Yadav">Yadav</a>, 5% <a href="/wiki/Vaish" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaish">Vaish</a>, 4% <a href="/wiki/Jat_Sikhs" class="mw-redirect" title="Jat Sikhs">Jat Sikhs</a>, 3.8% <a href="/wiki/Meo_(ethnic_group)" title="Meo (ethnic group)">Meos</a> and other Muslims, 3.4% <a href="/wiki/Rajputs" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajputs">Rajputs</a>, 3.4% <a href="/wiki/Gujjar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gujjar">Gujjar</a>, 2.9% <a href="/wiki/Saini" title="Saini">Saini</a>, 2.7% <a href="/wiki/Kumhar" title="Kumhar">Kumhars</a>, 1.1% <a href="/wiki/Ror" title="Ror">Ror</a> and 0.7% <a href="/wiki/Bishnois" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishnois">Bishnois</a>.<a href="#cite_note-40">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Languages">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Language_Map_of_Haryana_(2011_Census).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Language_Map_of_Haryana_%282011_Census%29.svg/200px-Language_Map_of_Haryana_%282011_Census%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Language_Map_of_Haryana_%282011_Census%29.svg/300px-Language_Map_of_Haryana_%282011_Census%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Language_Map_of_Haryana_%282011_Census%29.svg/400px-Language_Map_of_Haryana_%282011_Census%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="676" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption>Languages spoken by district Hindi <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  30-40%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  40-50%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  50-60%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  50-60%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  60-70%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  70-80%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  80-90%</div> Haryanvi <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  40–50%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  60–70%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  70-80%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  80-90%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  90–100%</div> Punjabi <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  40-50%</div> </figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1279587269">.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie{display:none;position:relative;width:100px;height:100px;border-radius:50%;background-color:yellowgreen;color:black;border:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie div{position:absolute;transform-origin:left bottom;background-color:#655;color:black;top:0;left:50%;width:50%;height:50%;border-radius:0 500%0 0}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie50{transform-origin:left center;height:100%;border-radius:0 100%100%0/50%}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie12-5{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,100%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie5{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,32.49197%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie7{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,47.056428%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie1{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,6.2914667%0%,0 100%)}@supports(clip-path:circle(50%)){.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie{display:block}}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-container{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:1em;flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend{list-style-type:none!important;margin:0!important;padding:0!important}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend>li{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:.5em;margin:0;margin-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend>li>span{display:block;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend>li>.l-color{border:1px solid var(--color-base,black);width:.8em;height:.8em;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .pie-thumb .smooth-pie-container{padding:.5em;padding-bottom:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .pie-thumb .smooth-pie-caption{margin-bottom:1em;font-size:94%}.mw-parser-output .thumbinner>.smooth-pie-container{flex-direction:column-reverse}@media screen and (min-width:641px){.mw-parser-output .thumbinner>.smooth-pie-container{width:min-content}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-container{break-inside:avoid-page}}body.mw-mf .mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-container{align-items:center}body.mw-mf .mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-legend-container{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.5;color:var(--color-subtle,#54595d)}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-legend{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(190px,1fr));gap:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-footer{margin-top:.5em}}</style> <div class="pie-thumb thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="smooth-pie-container" style=""> <div class="smooth-pie-legend-container"><div class="smooth-pie-caption">Languages of Haryana (2011)<a href="#cite_note-43">[36]</a></div> <ol class="smooth-pie-legend"> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> (47.96%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_language" title="Haryanvi language">Haryanvi</a> (37.17%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjabi Language">Punjabi</a> (7.36%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagri_language" title="Bagri language">Bagri</a> (2.11%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mewati_language" title="Mewati language">Mewati</a> (1.66%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> (1.48%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baghati_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Baghati language">Baghati</a> (1.28%)</li> <li>Other (0.98%)</li> </ol> </div> <div class="smooth-pie" style="width:200px;height:200px;background:#FEFDFD;color:#000;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;" title="Other (0.98%)" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="pie25" style="background:Orange;color:#000" title="Hindi (47.96%)"></div> <div class="pie25" style="background:Orange;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.230turn)" title="Hindi (47.96%)"></div> <div class="pie25" style="background:Red;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.480turn)" title="Haryanvi (37.17%)"></div> <div class="pie25" style="background:Red;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.601turn)" title="Haryanvi (37.17%)"></div> <div class="pie7" style="background:Pink;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.851turn)" title="Punjabi (7.36%)"></div> <div class="pie7" style="background:Pink;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.855turn)" title="Punjabi (7.36%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.925turn); background:maroon;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 13.27179928% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Bagri (2.11%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.946turn); background:gold;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 10.72222363% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Mewati (1.66%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.963turn); background:Green;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 9.45278312% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Urdu (1.48%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.977turn); background:purple;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 8.18635505% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Baghati (1.28%)"></div> </div> </div></div></div> The official language of Haryana is <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2011lang-44">[37]</a> Several regional languages or dialects, often subsumed under Hindi, are spoken in the state. Predominant among them is <a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_language" title="Haryanvi language">Haryanvi</a> (also known as Bangru), whose territory encompasses the central and eastern portions of Haryana. <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> is spoken in the northeast, <a href="/wiki/Bagri_language" title="Bagri language">Bagri</a> in the west, Deshwali in the East and <a href="/wiki/Ahirwati" title="Ahirwati">Ahirwati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mewati_language" title="Mewati language">Mewati</a> and <a href="/wiki/Braj_Bhasha" title="Braj Bhasha">Braj Bhasha</a> in the south.<a href="#cite_note-Sharada1979-45">[38]</a> There are also significant numbers of speakers of <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a>, the latter of which was recognised as the second official language of Haryana for government and administrative purposes in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-2011lang-44">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-punjabiofficial-4">[4]</a> After the state's formation, Telugu was made the state's "second language" – to be taught in schools – but it was not the "second official language" for official communication. Due to a lack of students, the language ultimately stopped being taught.<a href="#cite_note-46">[39]</a> Tamil was made the second language in 1969 by <a href="/wiki/Bansi_Lal" title="Bansi Lal">Bansi Lal</a> to show the state's differences with Punjab although there were no Tamil speakers in Haryana at the time.<a href="#cite_note-DNA-47">[40]</a> In 2010, due to the lack of Tamil speakers, the language was removed from its status.<a href="#cite_note-DNA-47">[40]</a> There are also some speakers of several major regional languages of neighbouring states or other parts of the subcontinent, like <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhojpuri_language" title="Bhojpuri language">Bhojpuri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marwari_language" title="Marwari language">Marwari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mewari_language" title="Mewari language">Mewari</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nepali_language" title="Nepali language">Nepali</a>,<a href="#cite_note-48">[41]</a> as well as smaller communities of speakers of languages that are dispersed across larger regions, like <a href="/wiki/Bauria_language" title="Bauria language">Bauria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bazigar_language" title="Bazigar language">Bazigar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujari_language" title="Gujari language">Gujari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gade_Lohar_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gade Lohar language">Gade Lohar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oadki_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Oadki language">Oadki</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sansi_language" title="Sansi language">Sansi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ethnologue2019-49">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1279587269" /> <div class="pie-thumb thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="smooth-pie-container" style=""> <div class="smooth-pie-legend-container"><div class="smooth-pie-caption">Religion in Haryana (2011)<a href="#cite_note-census2011-50">[43]</a></div> <ol class="smooth-pie-legend"> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> 87.46 (87.4%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> 7.03 (7.03%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> 4.91 (4.91%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> 0.21 (0.21%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> 0.2 (0.20%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> 0.03 (0.03%)</li> <li>Others 0.18 (0.18%)</li> </ol> </div> <div class="smooth-pie" style="width:200px;height:200px;background:Black;color:#000;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;" title="Others 0.18 (0.18%)" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="pie50" style="background:Orange;color:#000" title="Hinduism 87.46 (87.4%)"></div> <div class="pie50" style="background:Orange;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.374turn)" title="Hinduism 87.46 (87.4%)"></div> <div class="pie7" style="background:Green;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.874turn)" title="Islam 7.03 (7.03%)"></div> <div class="pie7" style="background:Green;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.875turn)" title="Islam 7.03 (7.03%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.945turn); background:Darkkhaki;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 31.79872390% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Sikhism 4.91 (4.91%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.994turn); background:Pink;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 1.25670321% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Jainism 0.21 (0.21%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.996turn); background:Blue;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 1.25670321% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Christianity 0.2 (0.20%)"></div> </div> </div></div></div> According to the 2011 census, of the total population of 25,351,462 in Haryana, <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindus</a> (87.46%) constitute the majority of the state's population with <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslims</a> (7.03%) (mainly <a href="/wiki/Meo_(ethnic_group)" title="Meo (ethnic group)">Meos</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikhs</a> (4.91%) being the largest minorities.<a href="#cite_note-census2011-50">[43]</a> Muslims are mainly found in the <a href="/wiki/Nuh_district" title="Nuh district">Nuh district</a>. Haryana has the second largest Sikh population in India after <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a>, and they mostly live in the districts adjoining <a href="/wiki/Punjab_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab (India)">Punjab</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Sirsa_district" title="Sirsa district">Sirsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jind_district" title="Jind district">Jind</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fatehabad_district" title="Fatehabad district">Fatehabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaithal_district" title="Kaithal district">Kaithal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra_district" title="Kurukshetra district">Kurukshetra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panchkula_district" title="Panchkula district">Panchkula</a>.<a href="#cite_note-harsikh1-51">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-harsc1-52">[45]</a> <div style="overflow-x:auto; border: 1px solid #AAA; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em"> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Religion in Haryana, India (1881–2011) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_India" title="Religion in India">Religious</a> group </th> <th colspan="2">1881<a href="#cite_note-Census1881-53">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-Census1881B-54">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-Census1881C-55">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-Haryana1881-32">[a]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">1891<a href="#cite_note-Census1891-56">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-Census1891B-57">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-Census1891C-58">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-Haryana1891-33">[b]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">1901<a href="#cite_note-Census1901-59">[52]</a>: 34 <a href="#cite_note-Haryana1901-34">[c]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">1911<a href="#cite_note-Census1911-60">[53]</a>: 27 <a href="#cite_note-Census1911B-61">[54]</a>: 27 <a href="#cite_note-Haryana1911-35">[d]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">1921<a href="#cite_note-Census1921-62">[55]</a>: 29 <a href="#cite_note-Haryana1921-36">[e]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">1931<a href="#cite_note-Census1931-63">[56]</a>: 277 <a href="#cite_note-Haryana1931-37">[f]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">1941<a href="#cite_note-Census1941-64">[57]</a>: 42 <a href="#cite_note-Haryana1941-38">[g]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">2011<a href="#cite_note-census2011-50">[43]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></a> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Om.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Om.svg/15px-Om.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Om.svg/23px-Om.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Om.svg/30px-Om.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="200" /></a><a href="#cite_note-ad-dharmi-65">[h]</a> </td> <td>2,863,454 </td> <td>71.31% </td> <td>2,959,925 </td> <td>70.96% </td> <td>3,012,101 </td> <td>70.57% </td> <td>2,644,264 </td> <td>68.32% </td> <td>2,898,119 </td> <td>68.82% </td> <td>2,980,206 </td> <td>66.29% </td> <td>3,436,411 </td> <td>66.52% </td> <td>22,171,128 </td> <td>87.46% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Star_and_Crescent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Star_and_Crescent.svg/20px-Star_and_Crescent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Star_and_Crescent.svg/40px-Star_and_Crescent.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="216" /></a> </td> <td>1,009,526 </td> <td>25.14% </td> <td>1,037,541 </td> <td>24.87% </td> <td>1,090,306 </td> <td>25.54% </td> <td>1,019,439 </td> <td>26.34% </td> <td>1,074,072 </td> <td>25.5% </td> <td>1,204,537 </td> <td>26.79% </td> <td>1,401,689 </td> <td>27.13% </td> <td>1,781,342 </td> <td>7.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Khanda.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/15px-Khanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/23px-Khanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/30px-Khanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="632" /></a> </td> <td>118,468 </td> <td>2.95% </td> <td>146,483 </td> <td>3.51% </td> <td>135,634 </td> <td>3.18% </td> <td>175,837 </td> <td>4.54% </td> <td>193,075 </td> <td>4.58% </td> <td>271,077 </td> <td>6.03% </td> <td>292,487 </td> <td>5.66% </td> <td>1,243,752 </td> <td>4.91% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg/15px-Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg/23px-Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg/30px-Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1124" data-file-height="1934" /></a> </td> <td>19,885 </td> <td>0.5% </td> <td>21,575 </td> <td>0.52% </td> <td>23,906 </td> <td>0.56% </td> <td>20,950 </td> <td>0.54% </td> <td>24,005 </td> <td>0.57% </td> <td>23,666 </td> <td>0.53% </td> <td>23,050 </td> <td>0.45% </td> <td>52,613 </td> <td>0.21% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Christian_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/20px-Christian_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/40px-Christian_cross.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="564" /></a> </td> <td>4,045 </td> <td>0.1% </td> <td>5,783 </td> <td>0.14% </td> <td>6,232 </td> <td>0.15% </td> <td>10,019 </td> <td>0.26% </td> <td>22,075 </td> <td>0.52% </td> <td>16,228 </td> <td>0.36% </td> <td>11,549 </td> <td>0.22% </td> <td>50,353 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Faravahar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Faravahar.svg/15px-Faravahar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Faravahar.svg/23px-Faravahar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Faravahar.svg/30px-Faravahar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="300" /></a> </td> <td>6 </td> <td>0.0001% </td> <td>25 </td> <td>0.001% </td> <td>27 </td> <td>0.001% </td> <td>53 </td> <td>0.001% </td> <td>39 </td> <td>0.001% </td> <td>8 </td> <td>0.0002% </td> <td>62 </td> <td>0.001% </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel_(2).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg/15px-Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg/23px-Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg/30px-Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="697" data-file-height="697" /></a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0% </td> <td>4 </td> <td>0.0001% </td> <td>5 </td> <td>0.0001% </td> <td>6 </td> <td>0.0001% </td> <td>149 </td> <td>0.003% </td> <td>7,514 </td> <td>0.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Star_of_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/15px-Star_of_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/23px-Star_of_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/30px-Star_of_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="693" /></a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>6 </td> <td>0.0001% </td> <td>5 </td> <td>0.0001% </td> <td>8 </td> <td>0.0002% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>0% </td> <td>2 </td> <td>0% </td> <td>7 </td> <td>0.0001% </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td>Others </td> <td>2 </td> <td>0% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0% </td> <td>11 </td> <td>0.0003% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0% </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0% </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0% </td> <td>765 </td> <td>0.01% </td> <td>44,760 </td> <td>0.18% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total Population </th> <th>4,015,386 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>4,171,339 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>4,268,222 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>3,870,574 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>4,211,393 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>4,495,730 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>5,166,169 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>25,351,462 </th> <th>100% </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <td colspan="20"><div style="font-size:85%;">Note: Colonial-era census figures include small portions of contemporary <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab, India</a> due to changes to administrative division borders during the post-independence era. <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Kharar,_SAS_Nagar" title="Kharar, SAS Nagar">kharar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rupnagar" title="Rupnagar">Ropar</a> tehsil of <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala District</a> Included in haryana here, while Fully <a href="/wiki/Rupnagar" title="Rupnagar">Ropar tehsil</a> given to Punjab in <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Reorganisation_Act,_1966" title="Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966">Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966</a> while <a href="/wiki/Kharar,_SAS_Nagar" title="Kharar, SAS Nagar">Kharar tehsil</a> 154 village with <a href="/wiki/Kalka" title="Kalka">kalka</a> given to haryana and 282 Village with <a href="/wiki/Kharar,_SAS_Nagar" title="Kharar, SAS Nagar">Kharar</a> <a href="/wiki/Kurali" title="Kurali">kurali</a> town given to <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a> and 36 villages with <a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarth</a> and Manimajra town to <a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarth UT</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jind_State" title="Jind State">Jind Princly State</a> fully Included in Haryana while its some area also fall into <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nabha_State" title="Nabha State">Nabha,</a> <a href="/wiki/Patiala_State" title="Patiala State">Patiala</a> State some area also fall in Haryana which not added here.<a href="#cite_note-66">[58]</a></li></ol></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Haryana" title="Music of Haryana">Music of Haryana</a></div> Haryana has its own unique traditional <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Haryana" title="Music of Haryana">folk music</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_folk_dances#Haryana" title="List of Indian folk dances">folk dances</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saang" title="Saang">saang</a> (folk theatre),<a href="#cite_note-harcu2-67">[59]</a> <a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_cinema" title="Haryanvi cinema">cinema</a>,<a href="#cite_note-harcu1-68">[60]</a> belief system such as <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_folk_religion#Jathera" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjabi folk religion">Jathera</a> (ancestral worship),<a href="#cite_note-harcu3-69">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-harcu4-70">[62]</a> and arts such as <a href="/wiki/Embroidery_of_India#Phulkari_(Punjab_and_Haryana)" title="Embroidery of India">Phulkari</a> and <a href="/wiki/Embroidery_of_India#Shisha_or_Mirrorwork_(Gujarat,_Haryana,_Rajasthan)" title="Embroidery of India">Shisha</a> embroidery.<a href="#cite_note-harcu4-70">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Folk_dances">Folk dances</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Folk dances">edit</a>]</div> Folk music and dances of Haryana are based on satisfying the cultural needs of primarily <a href="/wiki/Agrarian_society" title="Agrarian society">agrarian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Martial_race" title="Martial race">martial natures</a> of Haryanavi tribes.<a href="#cite_note-harmu3-71">[63]</a> Haryanvi musical folk theatre's main types are <a href="/wiki/Saang" title="Saang">Saang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raslila" title="Raslila">Raslila</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raga#Rāga-Rāgini_system" title="Raga">Ragini</a>. The Saang and Ragini form of theatre was popularised by <a href="/wiki/Lakhmi_Chand" title="Lakhmi Chand">Lakhmi Chand</a>.<a href="#cite_note-harmu3-71">[63]</a> Haryanvi folk dances and music have fast energetic movements. Three popular categories of dance are festive-seasonal, devotional, and ceremonial-recreational. The festive-seasonal dances and songs are <a href="/wiki/Gogaji" title="Gogaji">Gogaji</a>/<a href="/wiki/Gugga" class="mw-redirect" title="Gugga">Gugga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phalgun" class="mw-redirect" title="Phalgun">Phaag</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shravana" class="mw-redirect" title="Shravana">Sawan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teej" title="Teej">Teej</a>. The devotional dances and songs are <a href="/wiki/Chaupai_(poetry)" title="Chaupai (poetry)">Chaupaiya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taal_(instrument)" title="Taal (instrument)">Manjira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rasa_lila" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasa lila">Ras Leela</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raga#Rāga-Rāgini_system" title="Raga">Raginis</a>). The ceremonial-recreational dances and songs are of following types: legendary bravery (<a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Qisse" title="Punjabi Qisse">Kissa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raga#Rāga-Rāgini_system" title="Raga">Ragini</a> of male warriors and female Satis), love and romance (<a href="/wiki/Pungi" title="Pungi">Been</a> and its variant <a href="/wiki/N%C4%81gin%C4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nāginī">Nāginī</a> dance, and <a href="/wiki/Raga#Rāga-Rāgini_system" title="Raga">Ragini</a>), ceremonial (<a href="/wiki/Chang_dance" title="Chang dance">Dhamal Dance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghoomar" title="Ghoomar">Ghoomar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jhumar" title="Jhumar">Jhoomar</a> (male), Khoria, Loor, and <a href="/wiki/Raga#Rāga-Rāgini_system" title="Raga">Ragini</a>).<a href="#cite_note-harcu3-69">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Folk_music_and_songs">Folk music and songs</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Folk music and songs">edit</a>]</div> Haryanvi folk music is based on day-to-day themes and injecting earthly humour enlivens the feel of the songs.<a href="#cite_note-harcu3-69">[61]</a> Haryanvi music takes two main forms: "Classical folk music" and "Desi Folk music" (Country Music of Haryana),<a href="#cite_note-harmu1-72">[64]</a> and sung in the form of ballads and love, valor and bravery, harvest, happiness and pangs of the parting of lovers.<a href="#cite_note-harmu3-71">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-harmu1-72">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-harmu2-73">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Classical_Haryanvi_folk_music">Classical Haryanvi folk music</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Classical Haryanvi folk music">edit</a>]</div> Classical Haryanvi folk music is based on <a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_music" title="Indian classical music">Indian classical music</a>.<a href="#cite_note-harmu1-72">[64]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hindustani_classical_raga" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindustani classical raga">Hindustani classical ragas</a>, learnt in <a href="/wiki/Gharana" title="Gharana">gharana</a> <a href="/wiki/Parampara" class="mw-redirect" title="Parampara">parampara</a> of <a href="/wiki/Guru%E2%80%93shishya_tradition" title="Guru–shishya tradition">guru–shishya tradition</a>, are used to sing songs of heroic bravery (such as <a href="/wiki/Alha-Khand" title="Alha-Khand">Alha-Khand</a> (1163–1202 CE) about the bravery of <a href="/wiki/Alha" title="Alha">Alha and Udal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaimal_Rathore" title="Jaimal Rathore">Jaimal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patta_Sisodia" title="Patta Sisodia">Patta</a> of Maharana <a href="/wiki/Udai_Singh_II" title="Udai Singh II">Udai Singh II</a>), <a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahmas</a> worship and festive seasonal songs (such as <a href="/wiki/Teej" title="Teej">Teej</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Phalguna" title="Phalguna">Phaag songs of Phalgun month near Holi</a>).<a href="#cite_note-harmu1-72">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-harmu2-73">[65]</a> Bravery songs are sung in high pitch.<a href="#cite_note-harmu3-71">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Desi_Haryanvi_folk_music">Desi Haryanvi folk music</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Desi Haryanvi folk music">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Desi" title="Desi">Desi</a> Haryanvi folk music, is a form of Haryanvi music, based on <a href="/wiki/Bhairavi_(Hindustani)" title="Bhairavi (Hindustani)">Raag Bhairvi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhairav_(raga)" title="Bhairav (raga)">Raag Bhairav</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kafi_(raga)" title="Kafi (raga)">Raag Kafi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaijaivanti" title="Jaijaivanti">Raag Jaijaivanti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jhinjhoti" title="Jhinjhoti">Raag Jhinjhoti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raga" title="Raga">Raag Pahadi</a> and used for celebrating community bonhomie to sing seasonal songs, <a href="/wiki/Ballad" title="Ballad">ballads</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religious_music" title="Religious music">ceremonial songs</a> (wedding, etc.) and related religious legendary tales such as <a href="/wiki/Puran_Bhagat" title="Puran Bhagat">Puran Bhagat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-harmu1-72">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-harmu2-73">[65]</a> Relationship and songs celebrating love and life are sung in medium pitch. Ceremonial and religious songs are sung in low pitch.<a href="#cite_note-harmu3-71">[63]</a> Young girls and women usually sing entertaining and fast seasonal, love, relationship and friendship-related songs such as <a href="/wiki/Phalguna" title="Phalguna">Phagan</a> (song for eponymous season/month), <a href="/wiki/Kartik_(month)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kartik (month)">Katak</a> (songs for the eponymous season/month), <a href="/wiki/Shraavana" class="mw-redirect" title="Shraavana">Samman</a> (songs for the eponymous season/month), bande-bandi (male-female duet songs), sathne (songs of sharing heartfelt feelings among female friends).<a href="#cite_note-harmu3-71">[63]</a> Older women usually sing devotional Mangal Geet (auspicious songs) and ceremonial songs such as <a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajan</a>, Bhat (wedding gift to the mother of bride or groom by her brother), <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_wedding_traditions#Sagai" title="Punjabi wedding traditions">Sagai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindu_wedding" title="Hindu wedding">Ban</a> (Hindu wedding ritual where pre-wedding festivities starts), <a href="/wiki/Childbirth_in_India" title="Childbirth in India">Kuan-Poojan</a> (a custom that is performed to welcome the birth of a child by worshiping the well or source of drinking water), <a href="/wiki/Sanjhi" title="Sanjhi">Sanjhi</a> and Holi festival.<a href="#cite_note-harmu3-71">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Socially_normative-cohesive_impact">Socially normative-cohesive impact</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Socially normative-cohesive impact">edit</a>]</div> Music and dance for Haryanvi people is a way of lessening societal differences as folk singers are highly esteemed and they are sought after and invited for events, ceremonies and special occasions regardless of their caste or status. These inter-caste songs are fluid in nature, and never personalised for any specific caste, and they are sung collectively by women from different strata, castes, and dialects. These songs transform fluidly in dialect, style, words, etc. This adoptive style can be seen in the adoption of tunes of Bollywood movie songs into Haryanvi songs. Despite this continuous fluid transforming nature, Haryanvi songs have a distinct style of their own as explained above.<a href="#cite_note-harmu3-71">[63]</a> With the coming up of a strongly socio-economic metropolitan culture in the emergence of urban Gurgaon Haryana is also witnessing community participation in public arts and city beautification. Several landmarks across Gurgaon are decorated with public murals and graffiti with cultural cohesive ideologies and stand the testimony of a lived sentiment in Haryana folk.<a href="#cite_note-74">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Cuisine">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Haryana" title="Cuisine of Haryana">Cuisine of Haryana</a></div> As per a survey, 13% of males and 7.8% of females of Haryana are non-vegetarian.<a href="#cite_note-75">[67]</a> The cuisine of Haryana, rooted in its predominantly agricultural society, has maintained a simple and uncomplicated essence.<a href="#cite_note-Corporation-76">[68]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine#Haryana" title="Indian cuisine">regional cuisine</a> features the staples of <a href="/wiki/Roti" title="Roti">roti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saag" title="Saag">saag</a>, <a href="/wiki/Curry" title="Curry">vegetarian sabzi</a> and milk products such as <a href="/wiki/Ghee" title="Ghee">ghee</a>, milk, <a href="/wiki/Lassi" title="Lassi">lassi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kheer" title="Kheer">kheer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-harfood12-77">[69]</a> Haryana is often referred to as the 'Land of Rotis' due to its residents' fondness for various types of rotis. Wheat rotis are ubiquitous, along with the popular baajre ki roti. In the past, rotis were commonly made from a blend of wheat, gram, and barley flour, offering a nutritious and wholesome combination. Another notable variety is the gochini atta, crafted from wheat and gram flour.<a href="#cite_note-78">[70]</a> Haryana is renowned for its abundant livestock, including the famed Murrah buffalo and the Haryana cow. This cattle wealth ensures a plentiful supply of milk and dairy products in Haryanvi cuisine. Many households produce their own butter and ghee, which are generously incorporated into daily meals. Fresh homemade butter, known as "nooni" or "tindi ghee," is commonly churned on a daily basis. When a girl becomes a mother, it's customary for her family to present her with gifts of ghee, edible gum (gondh), laddus (sweetmeats made from gram flour), and dry fruits. Buttermilk, known as "chaaj," is a popular beverage and serves as an instant refresher during the summer months. Lassi, made from yogurt, is another beloved drink that can almost constitute a meal in itself. The Haryanvi fondness for lassi is evident in the fact that "thandai," a sweet milk-based drink, is referred to as "kachi lassi" in Haryana.<a href="#cite_note-Corporation-76">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Society">Society</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Society">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_people" title="Haryanvi people">Haryanvi people</a> have a concept of inclusive society involving the "36 Jātis" or communities. Castes such as <a href="/wiki/Jat" class="mw-redirect" title="Jat">Jat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rajput" title="Rajput">Rajput</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurjar" title="Gurjar">Gurjar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saini" title="Saini">Saini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pasi_(caste)" title="Pasi (caste)">Pasi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ahirs" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahirs">Ahirs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ror" title="Ror">Ror</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meo_(ethnic_group)" title="Meo (ethnic group)">Meo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charan" title="Charan">Charan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bishnoi" title="Bishnoi">Bishnoi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Harijan">Harijan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aggarwal" title="Aggarwal">Aggarwal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khatri" title="Khatri">Khatri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tyagi" title="Tyagi">Tyagi</a> are some of the notable of these 36 Jātis.<a href="#cite_note-79">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mustard_field_near_Chandigarh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Mustard_field_near_Chandigarh.jpg/250px-Mustard_field_near_Chandigarh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Mustard_field_near_Chandigarh.jpg/330px-Mustard_field_near_Chandigarh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Mustard_field_near_Chandigarh.jpg/500px-Mustard_field_near_Chandigarh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="2268" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Mustard_plant" title="Mustard plant">mustard field</a> in Haryana, near the state capital of <a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a></figcaption></figure> Haryana is a landlocked state in northern India. It is between 27°39' to 30°35' N latitude and between 74°28' and 77°36' E longitude.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENIDM2-81">[73]</a> The total geographical area of the state is 4.42 m ha, which is 1.4% of the geographical area of the country.<a href="#cite_note-agri-82">[74]</a> The altitude of Haryana varies between 700 and 3600 ft (200 metres to 1200 metres) above sea level.<a href="#cite_note-83">[75]</a> Haryana has only 4% (compared with national 21.85%) area under forests.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Karoh_Peak" title="Karoh Peak">Karoh Peak</a>, a 1,467-metre (4,813 ft) tall mountain peak in the Sivalik Hills range of the greater Himalayas range located near <a href="/wiki/Morni_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Morni Hills">Morni Hills</a> area of Panchkula district, is the highest point in Haryana.<a href="#cite_note-hillsofmorni-84">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-quickgs-85">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-peakbagger-86">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-uchicago-87">[79]</a> Most of the state sits atop the fertile <a href="/wiki/Ghaggar_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghaggar River">Ghaggar Plain</a>, a subsection of the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Gangetic_Plain" title="Indo-Gangetic Plain">Indo-Gangetic Plain</a>. Haryana has 4 states and 2 union territories on its border – Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, and Chandigarh. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plains_and_mountains">Plains and mountains</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Plains and mountains">edit</a>]</div> Haryana has four main geographical features.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENIDM3-88">[80]</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ghaggar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghaggar">Ghaggar</a> plain forming the largest part of the state is also called Delhi <a href="/wiki/Doab" title="Doab">doab</a> consists of Sutlej-Ghaggar doab (between Sutlej in the north of Punjab and the Ghaggar river flowing through northern Haryana), Ghaggar-Hakra doab (between Ghaggar river and <a href="/wiki/Drishadvati_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Drishadvati river">Hakra</a> or Drishadvati river which is the paleochannel of the holy <a href="/wiki/Saraswati_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Saraswati River">Saraswati River</a>) and Hakra-Yamuna doab (between Hakra river and Yamuna).</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Shivalik_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Shivalik Hills">Lower Shivalik Hills</a> to the northeast in foothills of <a href="/wiki/Himalaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Himalaya">Himalaya</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Bagar_region" title="Bagar region">Bagar region</a> semi-desert dry sandy plain in north west of Haryana, covering northwest districts of Sirsa, western Fatehabad and northwestern Hisar.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Aravalli_Range" title="Aravalli Range">Aravali Range</a>'s northernmost low rise isolated non-continuous outcrops in the <a href="/wiki/South_Haryana" title="South Haryana">south</a>, covering the Nuh district.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrography">Hydrography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Hydrography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:YamunaRiver.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/YamunaRiver.jpg/220px-YamunaRiver.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/YamunaRiver.jpg/330px-YamunaRiver.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/YamunaRiver.jpg/440px-YamunaRiver.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a> river near the Haryana Border</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a>, a tributary of the <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a>, flows along the state's eastern boundary.<a href="#cite_note-89">[81]</a> Northern Haryana has several northeast to west flowing rivers originating from the <a href="/wiki/Sivalik_Hills" title="Sivalik Hills">Sivalik Hills</a> of <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Ghaggar_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghaggar River">Ghaggar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Palaeochannel" title="Palaeochannel">palaeochannel</a> of vedic <a href="/wiki/Sarasvati_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarasvati river">Sarasvati river</a>),<a href="#cite_note-ref42refar-90">[82]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chautang" title="Chautang">Chautang</a> (paleochannel of vedic <a href="/wiki/Drishadvati_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Drishadvati river">Drishadvati river</a>, tributary of the Ghagghar),<a href="#cite_note-Ambala-91">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-IE1-92">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tangri_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Tangri river">Tangri river</a> (tributary of the Ghagghar),<a href="#cite_note-Ambala-91">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-IE1-92">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kaushalya_river" title="Kaushalya river">Kaushalya river</a> (tributary of the Ghagghar),<a href="#cite_note-MH1-93">[85]</a> <a href="/wiki/Markanda_river,_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Markanda river, Haryana">Markanda River</a> (tributary of Ghagghar),<a href="#cite_note-Ambala-91">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-IE1-92">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sarsuti" title="Sarsuti">Sarsuti</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ambala-91">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-IE1-92">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dangri" title="Dangri">Dangri</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ambala-91">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-IE1-92">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/Somb_river" title="Somb river">Somb river</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SombHar1-94">[86]</a> Haryana's main seasonal river, the Ghaggar-Hakra, known as Ghaggar before the <a href="/wiki/Ottu_barrage" title="Ottu barrage">Ottu barrage</a> and as the Hakra downstream of the barrage,<a href="#cite_note-ref42refar-90">[82]</a> rises in the outer Himalayas, between the Yamuna and the <a href="/wiki/Satluj" class="mw-redirect" title="Satluj">Satluj</a> and enters the state near <a href="/wiki/Pinjore" title="Pinjore">Pinjore</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Panchkula_district" title="Panchkula district">Panchkula district</a>, passes through <a href="/wiki/Ambala" title="Ambala">Ambala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sirsa_district" title="Sirsa district">Sirsa</a>, it reaches <a href="/wiki/Bikaner" title="Bikaner">Bikaner</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a> and runs for 460 km (290 mi) before disappearing into the deserts of Rajasthan.<a href="#cite_note-kurukshetra-95">[87]</a> The seasonal <a href="/wiki/Markanda_River,_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Markanda River, Haryana">Markanda River</a>, known as the Aruna in ancient times, originates from the lower Shivalik Hills and enters Haryana west of <a href="/wiki/Ambala" title="Ambala">Ambala</a>, and swells into a raging torrent during monsoon is notorious for its devastating power, carries its surplus water on to the Sanisa Lake where the Markanda joins the Sarasuti and later the Ghaggar.<a href="#cite_note-kurukshetra-95">[87]</a> Southern Haryana has several south-west to east flowing seasonal rivulets originating from the <a href="/wiki/Aravalli_Range" title="Aravalli Range">Aravalli Range</a> in and around the hills in <a href="/wiki/Mewat" title="Mewat">Mewat</a> region, including <a href="/wiki/Sahibi_River" title="Sahibi River">Sahibi River</a><a href="#cite_note-culture1-96">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sahibi1-97">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-AKjain-98">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dariba-99">[91]</a> (called <a href="/wiki/Najafgarh_drain" title="Najafgarh drain">Najafgarh drain</a> in Delhi),<a href="#cite_note-najafpolluted1-100">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-najafpolluted2-101">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-najafpolluted3-103">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-najafpolluted4-104">[96]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dohan_river" title="Dohan river">Dohan river</a> (tributary of Sahibi, originates at Mandoli village near <a href="/wiki/Neem_Ka_Thana" title="Neem Ka Thana">Neem Ka Thana</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jhunjhunu_district" title="Jhunjhunu district">Jhunjhunu district</a> of <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a> and then disappears in Mahendragarh district),<a href="#cite_note-Sahibi1-97">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dariba-99">[91]</a> <a href="/wiki/Krishnavati_river" title="Krishnavati river">Krishnavati river</a> (former tributary of Sahibi river, originates near <a href="/wiki/Dariba,_Rajasthan" title="Dariba, Rajasthan">Dariba</a> and disappears in Mahendragarh district much before reaching Sahibi river)<a href="#cite_note-Sahibi1-97">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dariba-99">[91]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indori_river" title="Indori river">Indori river</a> (longest tributary of Sahibi River, originates in <a href="/wiki/Sikar_district" title="Sikar district">Sikar district</a> of <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a> and flows to Rewari district of Haryana), these once were tributaries of the <a href="/wiki/Drishadwati" class="mw-redirect" title="Drishadwati">Drishadwati</a>/<a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a> river.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-105">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[99]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaushalya_Dam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Kaushalya_Dam.jpg/250px-Kaushalya_Dam.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Kaushalya_Dam.jpg/330px-Kaushalya_Dam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Kaushalya_Dam.jpg/500px-Kaushalya_Dam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kaushalya_Dam" title="Kaushalya Dam">Kaushalya Dam</a></figcaption></figure> Major canals are <a href="/wiki/Western_Yaumna_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Yaumna Canal">Western Yamuna Canal</a>,<a href="#cite_note-WYC-108">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-india.gov.in-109">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-obs1-110">[102]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sutlej_Yamuna_link_canal" title="Sutlej Yamuna link canal">Sutlej Yamuna link canal</a> (from <a href="/wiki/Sutlej" title="Sutlej">Sutlej</a> river tributary of <a href="/wiki/Indus" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus">Indus</a>),<a href="#cite_note-india.gov.in-109">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-obs1-110">[102]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_Canal" title="Indira Gandhi Canal">Indira Gandhi Canal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-igc1-111">[103]</a> Major dams are <a href="/wiki/Kaushalya_Dam" title="Kaushalya Dam">Kaushalya Dam</a> in Panchkula district,<a href="#cite_note-:0-112">[104]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hathnikund_Barrage" class="mw-redirect" title="Hathnikund Barrage">Hathnikund Barrage</a><a href="#cite_note-WYC-108">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-hath1-113">[105]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tajewala_Barrage" title="Tajewala Barrage">Tajewala Barrage</a> on Yamuna in Yamunanagar district,<a href="#cite_note-WYC-108">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-hath1-113">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-Haberman2006-114">[106]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pathrala_barrage" title="Pathrala barrage">Pathrala barrage</a> on Somb river in Yamunanagar district,<a href="#cite_note-WYC-108">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-Haberman2006-114">[106]</a> ancient <a href="/wiki/Anagpur_Dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Anagpur Dam">Anagpur Dam</a> near Surajkund in Faridabad district,<a href="#cite_note-Peck-115">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mohan-116">[108]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ottu_barrage" title="Ottu barrage">Ottu barrage</a> on Ghaggar-Hakra River in Sirsa district.<a href="#cite_note-ref36hahor-117">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-indexp2002ysf-118">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-jagran2010kfa-119">[111]</a> Major lakes are Dighal Wetland, <a href="/wiki/Basai_Wetland" title="Basai Wetland">Basai Wetland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Badkhal_Lake" title="Badkhal Lake">Badkhal Lake</a> in Faridabad,<a href="#cite_note-badkhal1-120">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-badkhal2-121">[113]</a> holy <a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sarovar" title="Brahma Sarovar">Brahma Sarovar</a><a href="#cite_note-kurudist3-122">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-kurudist4-123">[115]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sannihit_Sarovar" title="Sannihit Sarovar">Sannihit Sarovar</a> in Kurukshetra,<a href="#cite_note-kurudist1-124">[116]</a> <a href="/wiki/Blue_Bird_Lake" title="Blue Bird Lake">Blue Bird Lake</a> in Hisar,<a href="#cite_note-blue1-125">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-blue2-126">[118]</a> <a href="/wiki/Damdama_Lake" title="Damdama Lake">Damdama Lake</a> at <a href="/wiki/Sohna" title="Sohna">Sohna</a>,<a href="#cite_note-dum1-127">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-dum2-128">[120]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hathni_Kund" title="Hathni Kund">Hathni Kund</a> in Yamunanagar district,<a href="#cite_note-WYC-108">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-hath1-113">[105]</a> <a href="/wiki/Karna_Lake" title="Karna Lake">Karna Lake</a> at Karnal,<a href="#cite_note-karna1-129">[121]</a> ancient <a href="/wiki/Surajkund" title="Surajkund">Surajkund</a> in <a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Peck-115">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sharma-130">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-suraj-131">[123]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tilyar_Lake" title="Tilyar Lake">Tilyar Lake</a> in Rohtak.<a href="#cite_note-til-132">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-til4-133">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-til5-134">[126]</a> The Haryana State Waterbody Management Board is responsible for the rejuvenation of 14,000 <a href="/wiki/Johad#Johads_of_Haryana" title="Johad">johads of Haryana</a> and up to 60 lakes in <a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)" title="National Capital Region (India)">National Capital Region</a> falling within the Haryana state.<a href="#cite_note-HarWater1-135">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-HarWater2-136">[128]</a> The only <a href="/wiki/Hot_spring" title="Hot spring">hot spring</a> in Haryana is the <a href="/wiki/Sohna#Sohna_Sulphur_Hot_Spring" title="Sohna">Sohna Sulphur Hot Spring</a> at <a href="/wiki/Sohna" title="Sohna">Sohna</a> in Gurgaon district.<a href="#cite_note-trib200-137">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-HT1-138">[130]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tosham_Hill_range" title="Tosham Hill range">Tosham Hill range</a> has several <a href="/wiki/Tosham_Hill_range#Sacred_Sulphur_Ponds_of_Tosham_Hill" title="Tosham Hill range">sacred sulphur ponds</a> of religious significance that are revered for the healing impact of <a href="/wiki/Sulphur" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulphur">sulphur</a>, such as Pandu Teerth Kund, Surya Kund, Kukkar Kund, Gyarasia Kund or Vyas Kund.<a href="#cite_note-toshamsulfur1-139">[131]</a> Seasonal waterfalls include <a href="/wiki/Morni#Tikkar_Taal" title="Morni">Tikkar Taal twin lakes</a> at <a href="/wiki/Morni" title="Morni">Morni hiills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dhosi_Hill" title="Dhosi Hill">Dhosi Hill</a> in Mahendragarh district and <a href="/wiki/Pali_village" title="Pali village">Pali village</a> on the outskirts of Faridabad. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> Haryana is hot in summer at around 45 °C (113 °F) and mild in winter. The hottest months are May and June and the coldest are December and January.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-105">[97]</a> The climate is arid to semi-arid with an average rainfall of 592.93 mm.<a href="#cite_note-140">[132]</a> Around 29% of rainfall is received during the months from July to September as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoon</a>, and the remaining rainfall is received during the period from December to February as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Disturbance" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Disturbance">western disturbance</a>.<a href="#cite_note-agri-82">[74]</a><div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Gurgaon (1991–2020, extremes 1965–2000) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.0 (82.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.5 (92.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.5 (103.1) </td> <td style="background: #D10000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">44.8 (112.6) </td> <td style="background: #970000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">49.0 (120.2) </td> <td style="background: #AC0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47.5 (117.5) </td> <td style="background: #CE0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.0 (113.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.0 (105.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF0200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.2 (106.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.3 (102.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF1500; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.4 (101.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.5 (90.5) </td> <td style="background: #970000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">49.0 (120.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1 (68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8 (74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.9 (85.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.9 (98.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.9 (105.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.3 (102.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.9 (96.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.9 (93.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.4 (92.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0 (89.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8 (82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5 (72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">31.2 (88.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 (44.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 (49.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0 (57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF962E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.6 (67.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6 (76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.7 (80.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.7 (80.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8 (78.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4 (75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.0 (64.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0 (53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5 (45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.7 (63.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (32.0) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7 (33.3) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7 (38.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2 (48.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8 (58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0 (53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0 (69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5 (59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9 (57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3 (48.7) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6 (36.7) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.4 (31.3) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−0.4 (31.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #EAFFEA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5 (0.53) </td> <td style="background: #E3FFE3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.9 (0.67) </td> <td style="background: #F9FFF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4 (0.13) </td> <td style="background: #F2FFF2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2 (0.32) </td> <td style="background: #DDFFDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7 (0.89) </td> <td style="background: #85FF85; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.2 (3.12) </td> <td style="background: #35FF35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">135.5 (5.33) </td> <td style="background: #00C200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">211.4 (8.32) </td> <td style="background: #45FF45; color:#000000;" class="notheme">120.2 (4.73) </td> <td style="background: #E7FFE7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9 (0.63) </td> <td style="background: #EEFFEE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 (0.42) </td> <td style="background: #EEFFEE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0 (0.43) </td> <td style="background: #ACFFAC; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">648.6 (25.54) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2 </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2 </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7 </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6 </td> <td style="background: #9696FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5 </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0 </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">34.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) (at 17:30 <a href="/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>) </th> <td style="background: #3030FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">54 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45 </td> <td style="background: #7171FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37 </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28 </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31 </td> <td style="background: #6666FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45 </td> <td style="background: #4B4BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">48 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/India_Meteorological_Department" title="India Meteorological Department">India Meteorological Department</a><a href="#cite_note-IMDnormals-141">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-IMDextremes-142">[134]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Karnal (1991–2020, extremes 1949–2012) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2 (88.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.2 (91.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.5 (99.5) </td> <td style="background: #CB0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.2 (113.4) </td> <td style="background: #C00000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">46.0 (114.8) </td> <td style="background: #C60000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.6 (114.1) </td> <td style="background: #DD0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.9 (111.0) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.0 (107.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3 (100.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.3 (102.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.4 (93.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.5 (83.3) </td> <td style="background: #C00000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">46.0 (114.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2 (64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2 (72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7 (81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.5 (95.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.6 (101.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF1A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.6 (99.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.8 (92.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.6 (90.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.3 (90.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.8 (89.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.3 (81.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5 (70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">30.0 (86.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4 (43.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 (48.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.9 (55.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3 (64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1 (73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4 (77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.0 (78.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.3 (77.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2 (73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3 (63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5 (52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 (45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.2 (63.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.3 (31.5) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 (33.1) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5 (38.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 (48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5 (58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.0 (64.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0 (60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4 (65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0 (60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 (48.9) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0 (37.4) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.4 (31.3) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−0.4 (31.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #CEFFCE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.5 (1.28) </td> <td style="background: #CFFFCF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.9 (1.14) </td> <td style="background: #DFFFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1 (0.83) </td> <td style="background: #EAFFEA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3 (0.52) </td> <td style="background: #D5FFD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.6 (1.09) </td> <td style="background: #67FF67; color:#000000;" class="notheme">98.4 (3.87) </td> <td style="background: #00FC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">172.8 (6.80) </td> <td style="background: #0FFF0F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">160.4 (6.31) </td> <td style="background: #39FF39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">128.4 (5.06) </td> <td style="background: #F8FFF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3 (0.17) </td> <td style="background: #FBFFFB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 (0.08) </td> <td style="background: #F6FFF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 (0.24) </td> <td style="background: #A7FFA7; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">695.4 (27.38) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7 </td> <td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1 </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5 </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2 </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7 </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1 </td> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">35.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) (at 17:30 <a href="/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>) </th> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #2121FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">51 </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31 </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33 </td> <td style="background: #5656FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">44 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #3030FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">54 </td> <td style="background: #3434FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">53 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">55 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/India_Meteorological_Department" title="India Meteorological Department">India Meteorological Department</a><a href="#cite_note-IMDnormals-141">[133]</a> <a href="#cite_note-IMDextremes-142">[134]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Flora and fauna">edit</a>]</div> <table class="toccolours" style="margin:1em; float:right; width:25%;"> <caption>State symbols of Haryana </caption> <tbody><tr> <td>Formation day </td> <td>1 November (Day of separation from Punjab) </td></tr> <tr> <td>State mammal </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_buck" class="mw-redirect" title="Black buck">Black buck</a><a href="#cite_note-wiisymbols-143">[135]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>State bird </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_francolin" title="Black francolin">Black francolin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>State tree </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Peepal">Peepal</a><a href="#cite_note-wiisymbols-143">[135]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>State flower </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lotus_(genus)" title="Lotus (genus)">Lotus</a><a href="#cite_note-wiisymbols-143">[135]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Forests">Forests</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Forests">edit</a>]</div> Forest cover in the state in 2013 was 3.59% (1586 km2) and the Tree Cover in the state was 2.90% (1282 km2), giving a total forest and tree cover of 6.49%.<a href="#cite_note-144">[136]</a> In 2016–17, 18,412 hectares were brought under tree cover by planting 14.1 million seedlings.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> Thorny, dry, deciduous forest and thorny shrubs can be found all over the state. During the <a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoon</a>, a carpet of grass covers the hills. <a href="/wiki/Mulberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Mulberry">Mulberry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eucalyptus" title="Eucalyptus">eucalyptus</a>, pine, kikar, <a href="/wiki/Shisham" class="mw-redirect" title="Shisham">shisham</a> and babul are some of the trees found here. The species of <a href="/wiki/Fauna" title="Fauna">fauna</a> found in the state of Haryana include <a href="/wiki/Black_buck" class="mw-redirect" title="Black buck">black buck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nilgai" title="Nilgai">nilgai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leopard" title="Leopard">panther</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fox" title="Fox">fox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">mongoose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jackal" title="Jackal">jackal</a> and wild dog. More than 450 species of birds are found here.<a href="#cite_note-145">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[139]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wildlife"> Wildlife</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Wildlife">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Watercock_(41632546090).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Watercock_%2841632546090%29.jpg/250px-Watercock_%2841632546090%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Watercock_%2841632546090%29.jpg/330px-Watercock_%2841632546090%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Watercock_%2841632546090%29.jpg/500px-Watercock_%2841632546090%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1037" data-file-height="725" /></a><figcaption>Watercock</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Parks_%26_Wildlife_Sanctuaries_of_Haryana,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries of Haryana, India">List of National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries of Haryana, India</a></div> Haryana has two national parks, eight wildlife sanctuaries, two wildlife conservation areas, four animal and bird breeding centers, one deer park and three zoos, all of which are managed by the Haryana Forest Department of the Government of Haryana.<a href="#cite_note-148">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[141]</a> Sultanpur National Park is a notable Park located in Gurgaon District <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environmental_and_ecological_issues">Environmental and ecological issues</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Environmental and ecological issues">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Air_pollution_in_India" title="Air pollution in India">Air pollution in India</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Haryana_Environment_Protection_Council" title="Haryana Environment Protection Council">Haryana Environment Protection Council</a> is the advisory committee and the Department of Environment, Haryana is the department responsible for the administration of the environment. Areas of Haryana surrounding <a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)" title="National Capital Region (India)">Delhi NCR</a> are the most polluted. During the <a href="/wiki/Smog" title="Smog">smog</a> of November 2017, the <a href="/wiki/Air_quality_index" title="Air quality index">air quality index</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a> showed that the density of <a href="/wiki/Particulates" title="Particulates">fine particulates</a> (2.5 <a href="/wiki/Micrometre" title="Micrometre">μm</a> diameter) was an average a score of 400 and the monthly average of Haryana was 60. Other sources of pollution are <a href="/wiki/Exhaust_gas" title="Exhaust gas">exhaust gases</a> from old vehicles, <a href="/wiki/Crusher" title="Crusher">stone crushers</a> and brick kilns. Haryana has 7.5 million vehicles, of which 40% are old, more polluting vehicles, and 500,000 new vehicles are added every year. Other majorly polluted cities are <a href="/wiki/Bhiwani" title="Bhiwani">Bhiwani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahadurgarh" title="Bahadurgarh">Bahadurgarh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dharuhera" title="Dharuhera">Dharuhera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hisar_(city)" title="Hisar (city)">Hisar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yamunanagar" title="Yamunanagar">Yamunanagar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-harenv1-150">[142]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Administration">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Haryana" title="Administrative divisions of Haryana">Administrative divisions of Haryana</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Divisions">Divisions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Divisions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Haryana_Wahlkreise_Lok_Sabha.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Haryana_Wahlkreise_Lok_Sabha.svg/220px-Haryana_Wahlkreise_Lok_Sabha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Haryana_Wahlkreise_Lok_Sabha.svg/330px-Haryana_Wahlkreise_Lok_Sabha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Haryana_Wahlkreise_Lok_Sabha.svg/440px-Haryana_Wahlkreise_Lok_Sabha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="668" /></a><figcaption>Ten <a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a> constituencies in Haryana</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Haryana_by_population" title="List of cities in Haryana by population">List of cities in Haryana by population</a></div> The state is divided into 6 revenue divisions, 5 <a href="/wiki/Police_ranks_and_insignia_of_India#State_police_forces_and_their_structure" title="Police ranks and insignia of India">Police Ranges</a> and 4 <a href="/wiki/Police_ranks_and_insignia_of_India#State_police_forces_and_their_structure" title="Police ranks and insignia of India">Police Commissionerates</a> (c. January 2017).<a href="#cite_note-harD1-151">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-reddiv1-152">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-reddiv2-153">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-reddiv3-154">[146]</a> <a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_Haryana#Police_divisions" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of Haryana">Six revenue divisions</a> are: <a href="/wiki/Ambala_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambala Division">Ambala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Rohtak Division">Rohtak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurgaon Division">Gurgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hisar_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Hisar Division">Hisar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnal_division" title="Karnal division">Karnal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Faridabad_division" title="Faridabad division">Faridabad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-harD1-151">[143]</a> Haryana has 11 <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Corporations_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal Corporations in India">municipal corporations</a> (Gurgaon, Faridabad, Ambala, Panchkula, Yamunanagar, Rohtak, Hisar, Panipat, Karnal, Sonipat, and Manesar<a href="#cite_note-155">[147]</a>), 18 municipal councils and 52 <a href="/wiki/Nagar_Palika" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagar Palika">municipalities</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MC1-156">[148]</a> Within these, there are 22 districts, 72 sub-divisions, 93 tehsils, 50 sub-tehsils, 140 blocks, 154 cities and towns, 6,848 villages, 6,226 villages panchayats and numerous smaller <a href="/wiki/Dhani_(settlement_type)" title="Dhani (settlement type)">dhanis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENIDM4-10">[10]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Districts">Districts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Districts">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Haryana" title="List of districts of Haryana">List of districts of Haryana</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: left;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Divisions</th> <th>Districts </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ambala_division" title="Ambala division">Ambala</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra_district" title="Kurukshetra district">Kurukshetra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panchkula_district" title="Panchkula district">Panchkula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_Nagar_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamuna Nagar district">Yamuna Nagar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Faridabad_division" title="Faridabad division">Faridabad</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palwal" title="Palwal">Palwal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nuh_district" title="Nuh district">Nuh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_division" title="Gurgaon division">Gurgaon</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mahendragarh_district" title="Mahendragarh district">Mahendragarh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rewari_district" title="Rewari district">Rewari</a>, </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hisar_division" title="Hisar division">Hisar</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fatehabad_district" title="Fatehabad district">Fatehabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jind_district" title="Jind district">Jind</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hisar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sirsa_district" title="Sirsa district">Sirsa</a>, </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rohtak_division" title="Rohtak division">Rohtak</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jhajjar_district" title="Jhajjar district">Jhajjar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charkhi_Dadri" title="Charkhi Dadri">Charkhi Dadri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak_district" title="Rohtak district">Rohtak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sonipat_district" title="Sonipat district">Sonipat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhiwani_district" title="Bhiwani district">Bhiwani</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENIDM3-88">[80]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnal_division" title="Karnal division">Karnal</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnal" title="Karnal">Karnal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panipat" title="Panipat">Panipat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaithal" title="Kaithal">Kaithal</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Haryana consists of six divisions comprising 22 districts. Each district is headed by a Deputy Commissioner (DC), an <a href="/wiki/Indian_Administrative_Service" title="Indian Administrative Service">IAS</a> officer who also functions as the District Magistrate (DM) for maintaining law and order and the <a href="/wiki/District_magistrate" title="District magistrate">Collector</a> for land revenue administration. The districts are further divided into <a href="/wiki/Subdivision_in_India" title="Subdivision in India">sub-divisions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tehsil" title="Tehsil">tehsils</a> for land revenue administration, and into <a href="/wiki/Community_development_block" title="Community development block">blocks</a> for development administration.  The subdivisions and tehsils are headed by <a href="/wiki/Sub-divisional_magistrate" title="Sub-divisional magistrate">Sub-Divisional Magistrates</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tehsildar" title="Tehsildar">Tehsildars</a>, respectively. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law_and_order">Law and order</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Law and order">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Haryana_Police" title="Haryana Police">Haryana Police</a> force is the law enforcement agency of Haryana. <a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_Haryana#Police_ranges" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of Haryana">Five Police Ranges</a> are Ambala, Hissar, Karnal, Rewari and Rohtak.<a href="#cite_note-range1-157">[149]</a> <a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_Haryana#Police_commissionerates" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of Haryana">Four Police Commissionerates</a> are Faridabad, Gurgaon, Panchkula and Sonipat.<a href="#cite_note-harD1-151">[143]</a> Cybercrime investigation cell is based in Gurgaon's Sector 51.<a href="#cite_note-158">[150]</a> The highest judicial authority in the state is the <a href="/wiki/Punjab_and_Haryana_High_Court" title="Punjab and Haryana High Court">Punjab and Haryana High Court</a>, with the next higher right of appeal being to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a>. Haryana uses an e-filing facility.<a href="#cite_note-159">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance_and_e-governance">Governance and e-governance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Governance and e-governance">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chief_Ministers_of_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chief Ministers of Haryana">CMs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haryana_Legislative_Assembly" title="Haryana Legislative Assembly">Assembly</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_constituencies_of_Haryana_Legislative_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="List of constituencies of Haryana Legislative Assembly">Assembly constituencies</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_constituencies_of_the_Lok_Sabha#Haryana_(10)" title="List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha constituencies</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Political_families_of_Haryana" title="Political families of Haryana">Political dynasties</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Common_Service_Centres" title="Common Service Centres">Common Service Centres</a> (CSCs) have been upgraded in all districts to offer hundreds of e-services to citizens, including applications for new water and sanitation connections, electricity bill collection, ration card member registration, the result of <a href="/wiki/Haryana_Board_of_School_Education" title="Haryana Board of School Education">HBSE</a>, admit cards for board examinations, online admission forms for government colleges, long route booking of buses, admission forms for <a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra_University" title="Kurukshetra University">Kurukshetra University</a> and <a href="/wiki/Haryana_Urban_Development_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Haryana Urban Development Authority">HUDA</a> plots status inquiry.<a href="#cite_note-Express-160">[152]</a> Haryana has become the first state to implement <a href="/wiki/Aadhaar" title="Aadhaar">Aadhaar</a>-enabled birth registration in all the districts.<a href="#cite_note-Express-160">[152]</a> Thousands of all traditional offline state and central government services are also available <a href="/wiki/24/7_service" title="24/7 service">24/7 online</a> through single unified <a href="/wiki/UMANG" title="UMANG">UMANG</a> app and portal as part of <a href="/wiki/Digital_India" title="Digital India">Digital India</a> initiative.<a href="#cite_note-umang1-161">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-umang4-162">[154]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sahara_Mall_Gurgaon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Sahara_Mall_Gurgaon.jpg/220px-Sahara_Mall_Gurgaon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Sahara_Mall_Gurgaon.jpg/330px-Sahara_Mall_Gurgaon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Sahara_Mall_Gurgaon.jpg/440px-Sahara_Mall_Gurgaon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>A Shopping Mall in Gurgaon</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haryana" title="Economy of Haryana">Economy of Haryana</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_special_economic_zones_in_India#Haryana" title="List of special economic zones in India">SEZs in Haryana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haryana_State_Industrial_and_Infrastructure_Development_Corporation" title="Haryana State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation">HSIDC estates</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_Gurgaon" title="List of companies based in Gurgaon">Companies in Gurugram</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Haryana" title="Tourism in Haryana">Tourism in Haryana</a></div> Haryana's <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_GDP" title="List of Indian states and union territories by GDP">14th placed</a> 12.96% 2012-17 <a href="/wiki/Compound_annual_growth_rate" title="Compound annual growth rate">CAGR</a><a href="#cite_note-harec2-11">[11]</a> estimated a 2017-18 GSDP of US$95 billion<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> split into 52% <a href="/wiki/Service_economy" title="Service economy">services</a>, 30% <a href="/wiki/Industrial_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrial sector">industries</a> and 18% <a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_India" title="Agriculture in India">agriculture</a>.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> The services sector is split across 45% in real estate and financial and professional services, 26% trade and <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Haryana" title="Tourism in Haryana">hospitality</a>, 15% state and central government employees, and 14% transport and logistics & warehousing.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> In <a href="/wiki/IT" class="mw-redirect" title="IT">IT</a> services, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a> ranks first in India in growth rate and existing technology infrastructure, and second in <a href="/wiki/Startup_ecosystem" title="Startup ecosystem">startup ecosystem</a>, innovation and livability (Nov 2016).<a href="#cite_note-harec3-163">[155]</a> The industrial sector is split across 69% manufacturing, 28% construction, 2% utilities and 1% mining.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> In industrial manufacturing, Haryana produces 67% of passenger cars, 60% of motorcycles, 50% of tractors and 50% of the refrigerators in India.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> The service and industrial sectors are boosted by 7 operational <a href="/wiki/Special_economic_zone" title="Special economic zone">SEZs</a> and an additional 23 formally approved SEZs (20 already notified and 3 approved in-principle) that are mostly spread along the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Delhi%E2%80%93Mumbai_Industrial_Corridor_Project&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delhi–Mumbai Industrial Corridor Project (page does not exist)">Delhi–Mumbai Industrial Corridor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amritsar_Delhi_Kolkata_Industrial_Corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Amritsar Delhi Kolkata Industrial Corridor">Amritsar Delhi Kolkata Industrial Corridor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Western_Peripheral_Expressway" class="mw-redirect" title="Delhi Western Peripheral Expressway">Western Peripheral Expressway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> The agricultural sector is split across 93% crops and livestock, 4% commercial forestry and logging, and 2% fisheries.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> Although Haryana has less than 1.4% of the total area of India, it contributes 15% of food grains to the <a href="/wiki/Public_distribution_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Public distribution system">central food security public distribution system</a>,<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> and makes up 7% of total national agricultural exports, including 60% of total national <a href="/wiki/Basmati" title="Basmati">basmati</a> rice exports.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Agriculture">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Crops">Crops</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Crops">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Green_farms_of_Jats_in_Haryana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Green_farms_of_Jats_in_Haryana.jpg/250px-Green_farms_of_Jats_in_Haryana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Green_farms_of_Jats_in_Haryana.jpg/330px-Green_farms_of_Jats_in_Haryana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Green_farms_of_Jats_in_Haryana.jpg/500px-Green_farms_of_Jats_in_Haryana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Green farms in Haryana</figcaption></figure> Haryana is traditionally an <a href="/wiki/Agrarian_society" title="Agrarian society">agrarian society</a> of <a href="/wiki/Zamindar" title="Zamindar">zamindars</a> (owner-cultivator farmers). About 70% of Haryana's residents are engaged in agriculture.<a href="#cite_note-164">[156]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Green_Revolution_in_India" title="Green Revolution in India">Green Revolution in Haryana</a> of the 1960s<a href="#cite_note-about_IARI-165">[157]</a> combined with the completion of <a href="/wiki/Bhakra_Dam" title="Bhakra Dam">Bhakra Dam</a> in 1963<a href="#cite_note-bdam1-166">[158]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_Yamuna_Canal#Western_Yamuna_Command_Network" title="Western Yamuna Canal">Western Yamuna Command Network</a> canal system in 1970s resulted in the significantly increased food grain production.<a href="#cite_note-about_IARI-165">[157]</a> This movement lead to large-scale investments towards improving irrigation systems, enhancing the quality of fertilizers, and investing in superior seeds.<a href="#cite_note-167">[159]</a> As a result, Haryana is self sufficient in food production and the second largest contributor to India's central pool of food grains<a href="#cite_note-168">[160]</a> In 2015–2016, Haryana produced the following principal crops: 13,352,000 <a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">tonnes</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>, 4,145,000 tonnes of <a href="/wiki/Basmati" title="Basmati">rice</a>, 7,169,000 tonnes of <a href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</a>, 993,000 tonnes of <a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</a> and 855,000 tonnes of <a href="/wiki/Oilseeds" class="mw-redirect" title="Oilseeds">oilseeds</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mustard_seed" title="Mustard seed">mustard seed</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sunflower" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunflower">sunflower</a>, etc.). In the northeastern area, dairy cattle, buffaloes, and bullocks play a prominent role, being utilised both for agricultural ploughing and as draft animals.<a href="#cite_note-169">[161]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fruits,_vegetables_and_spices">Fruits, vegetables and spices</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Fruits, vegetables and spices">edit</a>]</div> Vegetable production was: <a href="/wiki/Potato" title="Potato">potato</a> 853,806 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">onion</a> 705,795 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">tomato</a> 675,384 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Cauliflower" title="Cauliflower">cauliflower</a> 578,953 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Leaf_vegetable" title="Leaf vegetable">leafy vegetables</a> 370,646 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Brinjal" class="mw-redirect" title="Brinjal">brinjal</a> 331,169 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Cucurbitaceae" title="Cucurbitaceae">guard</a> 307,793 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Pea" title="Pea">peas</a> 111,081 tonnes and others 269,993 tonnes.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">Fruits</a> production was: <a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus">citrus</a> 301,764 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Guava" title="Guava">guava</a> 152,184 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Mango" title="Mango">mango</a> 89,965 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Sapota" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapota">chikoo</a> 16,022 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Indian_gooseberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian gooseberry">aonla</a> 12,056 tonnes and other fruits 25,848 tonnes.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Spice" title="Spice">Spices</a> production was: <a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">garlic</a> 40,497 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Fenugreek" title="Fenugreek">fenugreek</a> 9,348 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">ginger</a> 4,304 tonnes and others 840 tonnes.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Flowers_and_medicinal_plants">Flowers and medicinal plants</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Flowers and medicinal plants">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Cut_flowers" title="Cut flowers">Cut flowers</a> production was: <a href="/wiki/Calendula_officinalis" title="Calendula officinalis">marigold</a> 61,830 tonnes, <a href="/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus">gladiolus</a> 2,448,620 million, <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">rose</a> 1,861,160 million and other 691,300 million.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Medicinal_plants" title="Medicinal plants">Medicinal plants</a> production was: <a href="/wiki/Aloe_vera" title="Aloe vera">aloe vera</a> 1403 tonnes and <a href="/wiki/Stevia" title="Stevia">stevia</a> 13 tonnes.<a href="#cite_note-harec1-8">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Livestock">Livestock</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Livestock">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Central_Institute_for_Research_on_Buffaloes#Context:_Buffalo_and_dairying" title="Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes">Dairying in Haryana</a></div> Haryana is well known for its high-yield <a href="/wiki/Murrah_buffalo" title="Murrah buffalo">Murrah buffalo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-murr1-170">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-murr2-171">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-murr3-172">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-murr4-173">[165]</a> Other breeds of <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cattle</a> native to Haryana are <a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_cattle" class="mw-redirect" title="Haryanvi cattle">Haryanvi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mewati_cattle" title="Mewati cattle">Mewati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sahiwal_cattle" title="Sahiwal cattle">Sahiwal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nili-Ravi" title="Nili-Ravi">Nili-Ravi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-annr1-174">[166]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Research">Research</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Research">edit</a>]</div> To support its agrarian economy, both the central government (<a href="/wiki/Central_Institute_for_Research_on_Buffaloes" title="Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes">Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Sheep_Breeding_Farm" title="Central Sheep Breeding Farm">Central Sheep Breeding Farm</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Research_Centre_on_Equines" title="National Research Centre on Equines">National Research Centre on Equines</a>, <a href="/wiki/ICAR_CIFE_Rohtak_centre" title="ICAR CIFE Rohtak centre">Central Institute of Fisheries</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Dairy_Research_Institute" title="National Dairy Research Institute">National Dairy Research Institute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regional_Centre_for_Biotechnology" title="Regional Centre for Biotechnology">Regional Centre for Biotechnology</a>, Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research and National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources) and the state government (<a href="/wiki/Chaudhary_Charan_Singh_Haryana_Agricultural_University" title="Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University">CCS HAU</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lala_Lajpat_Rai_University_of_Veterinary_%26_Animal_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences">LUVAS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government_Livestock_Farm,_Hisar" title="Government Livestock Farm, Hisar">Government Livestock Farm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regional_Fodder_Station,_Hisar" title="Regional Fodder Station, Hisar">Regional Fodder Station</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Region_Farm_Machinery_Training_and_Testing_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Region Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institute">Northern Region Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institute</a>) have opened several institutes for research and education.<a href="#cite_note-haragr1-175">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-haragr2-176">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-haragr3-177">[169]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industrial_sector">Industrial sector</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Industrial sector">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Manufacturing">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_India#Haryana" title="Automotive industry in India">Automotive industry in Haryana</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Larsen_%26_Toubro_Office.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Larsen_%26_Toubro_Office.png/250px-Larsen_%26_Toubro_Office.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Larsen_%26_Toubro_Office.png/330px-Larsen_%26_Toubro_Office.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Larsen_%26_Toubro_Office.png/500px-Larsen_%26_Toubro_Office.png 2x" data-file-width="1170" data-file-height="609" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Larsen_%26_Toubro" title="Larsen & Toubro">Larsen & Toubro</a> Office at <a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DLF_Gateway_Tower.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/DLF_Gateway_Tower.png/250px-DLF_Gateway_Tower.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/DLF_Gateway_Tower.png/330px-DLF_Gateway_Tower.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/DLF_Gateway_Tower.png/500px-DLF_Gateway_Tower.png 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="775" /></a><figcaption>The headquarters of <a href="/wiki/DLF_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="DLF Limited">DLF Limited</a>, India's largest real estate company, in Gurgaon, Haryana.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a> is one of the biggest industrial cities of Haryana as well as North India.<a href="#cite_note-178">[170]</a> The city is home to large-scale MNC companies like India <a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Motor_Company" title="Yamaha Motor Company">Yamaha</a> Motor Pvt. Ltd., <a href="/wiki/Havells" title="Havells">Havells</a> India Limited,<a href="#cite_note-179">[171]</a> <a href="/wiki/JCB_(heavy_equipment_manufacturer)" title="JCB (heavy equipment manufacturer)">JCB</a> India Limited, <a href="/wiki/Escorts_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Escorts Group">Escorts Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Oil">Indian Oil</a> (R&D),<a href="#cite_note-180">[172]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Larsen_%26_Toubro" title="Larsen & Toubro">Larsen & Toubro</a> (L&T).<a href="#cite_note-181">[173]</a> Eyewear e-tailer Lenskart and healthcare startup Lybrate have their headquarters in Faridabad.<a href="#cite_note-182">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[175]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisar,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Hisar, India">Hissar</a>, an <a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)#Counter_magnets" title="National Capital Region (India)">NCR Counter Magnet city</a> known as a steel and cotton spinning hub as well as an upcoming integrated industrial aerocity and <a href="/wiki/Maintenance,_repair,_and_operations" class="mw-redirect" title="Maintenance, repair, and operations">aero MRO</a> hub at <a href="/wiki/Hisar_Airport" title="Hisar Airport">Hisar Airport</a>,<a href="#cite_note-hsraero1-184">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-tbm1-185">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-trib4-186">[178]</a> is a fast-developing city and the hometown of <a href="/wiki/Navin_Jindal" class="mw-redirect" title="Navin Jindal">Navin Jindal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Subhash_Chandra" title="Subhash Chandra">Subhash Chandra</a> of <a href="/wiki/Zee_TV" title="Zee TV">Zee TV</a> fame. <a href="/wiki/Savitri_Jindal" title="Savitri Jindal">Savitri Jindal</a>, Navin Jindal's mother, has been listed by <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a> as the third richest woman in the world.<a href="#cite_note-forbes-187">[179]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panipat" title="Panipat">Panipat</a> has heavy industry, including a refinery operated by the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Oil_Corporation" title="Indian Oil Corporation">Indian Oil Corporation</a>, a urea manufacturing plant operated by <a href="/wiki/National_Fertilizers" title="National Fertilizers">National Fertilizers</a> Limited and a <a href="/wiki/National_Thermal_Power_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="National Thermal Power Corporation">National Thermal Power Corporation</a> power plant. It is known for its woven modhas or round stools.<a href="#cite_note-188">[180]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonipat" title="Sonipat">Sonipat</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kundli#Kundli_Industrial_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Kundli">IMT Kundli</a>, Nathupur, Rai and Barhi are industrial areas with several <a href="/wiki/Small_and_medium-sized_enterprises" class="mw-redirect" title="Small and medium-sized enterprises">small and medium-sized enterprises</a>, and also large ones such as Atlas cycles, E.C.E., <a href="/wiki/Birla_family" title="Birla family">Birla factory</a>, and <a href="/wiki/OSRAM" class="mw-redirect" title="OSRAM">OSRAM</a><a href="#cite_note-soni1-189">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-soni2-190">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-soni3-191">[183]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a>: <a href="/wiki/Manesar#Industrial_Model_Township_.28IMT.29.2C_Manesar" title="Manesar">IMT Manesar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dundahera" title="Dundahera">Dundahera</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sohna" title="Sohna">Sohna</a> are industrial and logistics hubs,<a href="#cite_note-gurman1-192">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-gurman2-193">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-gurman3-194">[186]</a> and also has the <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Guards" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Guards">National Security Guards</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Corporate_Affairs" title="Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs">Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Brain_Research_Centre" title="National Brain Research Centre">National Brain Research Centre</a> and the National Bomb Data Centre.<a href="#cite_note-gurman4-195">[187]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Utilities">Utilities</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Utilities">edit</a>]</div> Haryana State has always given high priority to the expansion of electricity infrastructure, as it is one of the most important drivers of development for the state. Haryana was the first state in the country to achieve 100% rural <a href="/wiki/Electrification" title="Electrification">electrification</a> in 1970 as well as the first in the country to link all villages with all-weather roads and provide safe drinking water facilities throughout the state.<a href="#cite_note-196">[188]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>] Sources of power in the state include: <ul><li>Renewable and non-polluting sources <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hydroelectricity" title="Hydroelectricity">Hydroelectricity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhakra_Dam#Electricity_generation" title="Bhakra Dam">Bhakra-Nangal Dam Hydroelectric Power Plant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Power_Generation_Corporation#Generation_capacity" title="Haryana Power Generation Corporation">WYC Hydro Electric Station</a>, 62.4 MW, Yamunanagar<a href="#cite_note-HGPCL1-197">[189]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power" title="Solar power">Solar power</a> stations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Power_Generation_Corporation#Plans" title="Haryana Power Generation Corporation">Faridabad Solar Power Plant</a>: being set up by <a href="/wiki/Haryana_Power_Generation_Corporation" title="Haryana Power Generation Corporation">HPGCL</a> Faridabad (c.2016).<a href="#cite_note-198">[190]</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power" title="Nuclear power">Nuclear power</a> stations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gorakhpur_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Gorakhpur Nuclear Power Plant">Gorakhpur Nuclear Power Plant</a>, 2800MW, Fatehabad, Phase-I 1400MW by 2021<a href="#cite_note-GHAVP1-199">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-200">[192]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_power_station#Typical_coal_thermal_power_station" title="Thermal power station">Coal-fired thermal power stations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deenbandhu_Chhotu_Ram_Thermal_Power_Station" title="Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram Thermal Power Station">Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram Thermal Power Station</a>, 600MW, Yamunanagar<a href="#cite_note-HGPCL1-197">[189]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_Super_Thermal_Power_Project" title="Indira Gandhi Super Thermal Power Project">Indira Gandhi Super Thermal Power Project</a>, 1500MW, Jhajjar<a href="#cite_note-HGPCL1-197">[189]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhajjar_Power_Station" title="Jhajjar Power Station">Jhajjar Power Station</a>, 1500MW<a href="#cite_note-HGPCL1-197">[189]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panipat_Thermal_Power_Station_I" title="Panipat Thermal Power Station I">Panipat Thermal Power Station I</a>, 440MW<a href="#cite_note-HGPCL1-197">[189]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panipat_Thermal_Power_Station_II" title="Panipat Thermal Power Station II">Panipat Thermal Power Station II</a>, 920MW<a href="#cite_note-HGPCL1-197">[189]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajiv_Gandhi_Thermal_Power_Station" title="Rajiv Gandhi Thermal Power Station">Rajiv Gandhi Thermal Power Station</a>, 1200MW, Hisar<a href="#cite_note-HGPCL1-197">[189]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Services_sector">Services sector</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Services sector">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Transport">Transport</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Transport">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Administrative_map_of_Haryana_with_RTO_codes_for_vehicle_registration.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Administrative_map_of_Haryana_with_RTO_codes_for_vehicle_registration.png/250px-Administrative_map_of_Haryana_with_RTO_codes_for_vehicle_registration.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Administrative_map_of_Haryana_with_RTO_codes_for_vehicle_registration.png/330px-Administrative_map_of_Haryana_with_RTO_codes_for_vehicle_registration.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Administrative_map_of_Haryana_with_RTO_codes_for_vehicle_registration.png/500px-Administrative_map_of_Haryana_with_RTO_codes_for_vehicle_registration.png 2x" data-file-width="1409" data-file-height="1682" /></a><figcaption>Admin map of Haryana with RTO codes</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Aviation">Aviation</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Aviation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Haryana#Aviation" title="History of Haryana">Aviation in Haryana</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Roads_and_highways">Roads and highways</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Roads and highways">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_highways_in_Haryana" title="List of highways in Haryana">Highways in Haryana</a></div> Haryana has a total road length of 26,062 kilometres (16,194 mi), including 2,482 kilometres (1,542 mi) comprising <a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Highways_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Highways in India">29 national highways</a>, 1,801 kilometres (1,119 mi) of <a href="/wiki/List_of_state_highways_in_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state highways in Haryana">state highways</a>,<a href="#cite_note-201">[193]</a> 1,395 kilometres (867 mi) of Major District Roads (MDR) and 20,344 kilometres (12,641 mi) of Other District Roads (ODR) (c. December 2017).<a href="#cite_note-trib1-202">[194]</a> A fleet of 3,864 <a href="/wiki/Haryana_Roadways" title="Haryana Roadways">Haryana Roadways</a> buses covers a distance of 1.15 million km per day, and it was the first state in the country to introduce luxury video coaches.<a href="#cite_note-203">[195]</a> Ancient <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Multan_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="Delhi Multan Road">Delhi Multan Road</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grand_Trunk_Road" title="Grand Trunk Road">Grand Trunk Road</a>, South Asia's oldest and longest major roads, pass through Haryana. GT Road passes through the districts of <a href="/wiki/Sonipat_district" title="Sonipat district">Sonipat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panipat_district" title="Panipat district">Panipat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra_district" title="Kurukshetra district">Kurukshetra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a> in north Haryana where it enters <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> and subsequently the industrial town of <a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a> on its way. The 135.6 kilometres (84.3 mi) <a href="/wiki/Western_Peripheral_Expressway" title="Western Peripheral Expressway">Kundli-Manesar-Palwal Expressway (KMP)</a> will provide a high-speed link to northern Haryana with its southern districts such as <a href="/wiki/Sonipat" title="Sonipat">Sonipat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-204">[196]</a> The Delhi-Agra Expressway (NH-2) that passes through Faridabad is being widened to six lanes from the current four lanes.<a href="#cite_note-205">[197]</a> It will further boost <a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a>'s connectivity with <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Railway">Railway</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Railway">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Railway_in_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway in Haryana">Railway in Haryana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Railway_stations_in_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway stations in Haryana">Railway stations in Haryana</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Western_Railway_zone#History" title="North Western Railway zone">NWR history</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Railway_zone#History" title="Northern Railway zone">NR history</a>, and <a href="/wiki/North_Central_Railway_zone#History" title="North Central Railway zone">NCR history</a></div> The rail network in Haryana is covered by five rail divisions under three rail zones. <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Quadrilateral" title="Diamond Quadrilateral">Diamond Quadrilateral</a> <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_India" title="High-speed rail in India">High-speed rail network</a>,<a href="#cite_note-harhsrn1-206">[198]</a> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Dedicated_Freight_Corridor" title="Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor">Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor</a> (72 km)<a href="#cite_note-hardfc1-207">[199]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_Dedicated_Freight_Corridor" title="Western Dedicated Freight Corridor">Western Dedicated Freight Corridor</a> (177 km)<a href="#cite_note-hardfc2-208">[200]</a> pass through Haryana. <a href="/wiki/Bikaner_railway_division" title="Bikaner railway division">Bikaner railway division</a> of the <a href="/wiki/North_Western_Railway_zone" title="North Western Railway zone">North Western Railway zone</a> manages the rail network in <a href="/wiki/Hisar_division" title="Hisar division">western</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_division" title="Gurgaon division">southern</a> Haryana covering <a href="/wiki/Jodhpur%E2%80%93Bathinda_line" title="Jodhpur–Bathinda line">Bhatinda-Dabwali-Hanumangarh line</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bathinda%E2%80%93Rewari_line" title="Bathinda–Rewari line">Rewari-Bhiwani-Hisar-Bathinda line</a>, Hisar-Sadulpur line and Rewari-Loharu-Sadulpur line.<a href="#cite_note-harrlyz22-209">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-harrlyz2-210">[202]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jaipur_railway_division" title="Jaipur railway division">Jaipur railway division</a> of <a href="/wiki/North_Western_Railway_zone" title="North Western Railway zone">North Western Railway zone</a> manages the rail network in <a href="/wiki/Hisar_division" title="Hisar division">south-west Haryana</a> covering <a href="/wiki/Delhi%E2%80%93Jaipur_line" title="Delhi–Jaipur line">Rewari-Reengas-Jaipur line</a>, Delhi-Alwar-Jaipur line and Loharu-Sikar line.<a href="#cite_note-jaip1-211">[203]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Delhi_railway_division" title="Delhi railway division">Delhi railway division</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Railway_zone" title="Northern Railway zone">Northern Railway zone</a> manages the rail network in <a href="/wiki/Karnal_division" title="Karnal division">north</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rohtak_division" title="Rohtak division">east-central</a> Haryana, covering <a href="/wiki/Delhi%E2%80%93Kalka_line" title="Delhi–Kalka line">Delhi-Panipat-Ambala line</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delhi%E2%80%93Fazilka_line" title="Delhi–Fazilka line">Delhi-Rohtak-Tohana line</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rewari%E2%80%93Rohtak_line" title="Rewari–Rohtak line">Rewari–Rohtak line</a>, Jind-Sonepat line and <a href="/wiki/Delhi%E2%80%93Jaipur_line" title="Delhi–Jaipur line">Delhi-Rewari line</a>.<a href="#cite_note-harrlyz21-212">[204]</a><a href="#cite_note-harrlyz5-213">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-harrlyz6-214">[206]</a><a href="#cite_note-harrlyz3-215">[207]</a><a href="#cite_note-harrlyz4-216">[208]</a> <a href="/wiki/Agra_railway_division" title="Agra railway division">Agra railway division</a> of <a href="/wiki/North_Central_Railway_zone" title="North Central Railway zone">North Central Railway zone</a> manages another very small part of the network in <a href="/wiki/South_Haryana" title="South Haryana">southeast Haryana</a> covering only the <a href="/wiki/Palwal_railway_station" title="Palwal railway station">Palwal</a>-<a href="/wiki/Mathura_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathura railway station">Mathura</a> line.<a href="#cite_note-harrlyz11-217">[209]</a><a href="#cite_note-harrlyz1-218">[210]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ambala_railway_division" title="Ambala railway division">Ambala railway division</a> of <a href="/wiki/Northern_Railway_zone" title="Northern Railway zone">Northern Railway zone</a> manages a small part of the rail network in <a href="/wiki/Ambala_division" title="Ambala division">north-east Haryana</a> covering <a href="/wiki/Moradabad%E2%80%93Ambala_line" title="Moradabad–Ambala line">Ambala-Yamunanagar line</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delhi%E2%80%93Kalka_line" title="Delhi–Kalka line">Ambala-Kurukshetra line</a> and <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage</a> <a href="/wiki/Kalka%E2%80%93Shimla_Railway" title="Kalka–Shimla Railway">Kalka–Shimla Railway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-amb1-219">[211]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Metro">Metro</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Metro">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Metro" title="Delhi Metro">Delhi Metro</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rapid_Metro_Gurgaon" title="Rapid Metro Gurgaon">Gurgaon Metro</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Metro" title="Delhi Metro">Delhi Metro</a> connects the national capital Delhi with the NCR cities of <a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bahadurgarh" title="Bahadurgarh">Bahadurgarh</a>. Faridabad has the longest metro network in the NCR Region consisting of 11 stations and a track length of 17 km.<a href="#cite_note-220">[212]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Sky_Way">Sky Way</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Sky Way">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Delhi_Faridabad_Skyway.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Delhi_Faridabad_Skyway.png/250px-Delhi_Faridabad_Skyway.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Delhi_Faridabad_Skyway.png/330px-Delhi_Faridabad_Skyway.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Delhi_Faridabad_Skyway.png/500px-Delhi_Faridabad_Skyway.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Faridabad_Skyway" class="mw-redirect" title="Delhi Faridabad Skyway">Delhi Faridabad Skyway</a></figcaption></figure> The Haryana and Delhi governments have constructed the 4.5-kilometre (2.8 mi) international standard <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Faridabad_Skyway" class="mw-redirect" title="Delhi Faridabad Skyway">Delhi Faridabad Skyway</a>, the first of its kind in North India, to connect Delhi and Faridabad.<a href="#cite_note-221">[213]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Communication_and_media">Communication and media</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Communication and media">edit</a>]</div> Haryana has a statewide network of telecommunication facilities. Haryana Government has its own statewide area network by which all government offices of 22 districts and 126 blocks across the state are connected with each other, thus making it the first SWAN of the country.<a href="#cite_note-222">[214]</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-224">[216]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bharat_Sanchar_Nigam_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited">Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited</a> and most of the leading private sector players (such as Reliance Infocom, <a href="/wiki/Tata_Teleservices" title="Tata Teleservices">Tata Teleservices</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bharti_Telecom" class="mw-redirect" title="Bharti Telecom">Bharti Telecom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idea" title="Idea">Idea</a> <a href="/wiki/Vodafone_Essar" class="mw-redirect" title="Vodafone Essar">Vodafone Essar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aircel" title="Aircel">Aircel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uninor" class="mw-redirect" title="Uninor">Uninor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Videocon" class="mw-redirect" title="Videocon">Videocon</a>) have operations in the state. The two biggest cities of Haryana, <a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a>, which are part of the <a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)" title="National Capital Region (India)">National Capital Region</a>, come under the local Delhi Mobile Telecommunication System. The rest of the cities of Haryana come under Haryana Telecommunication System. <a href="/wiki/Electronic_media" title="Electronic media">Electronic media</a> channels include <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a>, <a href="/wiki/9XM" title="9XM">9XM</a>, Star Group, <a href="/wiki/SET_Max" class="mw-redirect" title="SET Max">SET Max</a>, <a href="/wiki/News_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="News Time">News Time</a>, <a href="/wiki/NDTV_24x7" title="NDTV 24x7">NDTV 24x7</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zee_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Zee Group">Zee Group</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radio</a> stations include <a href="/wiki/All_India_Radio" title="All India Radio">All India Radio</a> and other <a href="/wiki/FM_broadcasting" title="FM broadcasting">FM</a> stations. Panipat, Hisar, Ambala and Rohtak are the cities in which the leading newspapers of Haryana are printed and circulated throughout Haryana, in which <a href="/wiki/Dainik_Bhaskar" title="Dainik Bhaskar">Dainik Bhaskar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dainik_Jagran" title="Dainik Jagran">Dainik Jagran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Kesari" title="Punjab Kesari">Punjab Kesari</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Tribune_(Chandigarh)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Tribune (Chandigarh)">The Tribune</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aaj_Samaj" title="Aaj Samaj">Aaj Samaj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hari_Bhoomi" title="Hari Bhoomi">Hari Bhoomi</a><a href="#cite_note-225">[217]</a> and Amar Ujala are prominent. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Healthcare">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Haryana_Civil_Medical_Services" title="Haryana Civil Medical Services">Haryana Civil Medical Services</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Rural_Health_Mission" class="mw-redirect" title="National Rural Health Mission">NRHM</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Academic_Block,_ESIC_Medical_College_and_Hospital,_Faridabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Academic_Block%2C_ESIC_Medical_College_and_Hospital%2C_Faridabad.jpg/250px-Academic_Block%2C_ESIC_Medical_College_and_Hospital%2C_Faridabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Academic_Block%2C_ESIC_Medical_College_and_Hospital%2C_Faridabad.jpg/330px-Academic_Block%2C_ESIC_Medical_College_and_Hospital%2C_Faridabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Academic_Block%2C_ESIC_Medical_College_and_Hospital%2C_Faridabad.jpg/500px-Academic_Block%2C_ESIC_Medical_College_and_Hospital%2C_Faridabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/ESIC_Medical_College,_Faridabad" title="ESIC Medical College, Faridabad">ESIC Medical College, Faridabad</a></figcaption></figure> The total fertility rate of Haryana is 2.3. The infant mortality rate is 41 (SRS 2012) and the maternal mortality ratio is 146 (SRS 2010–2012).<a href="#cite_note-226">[218]</a> The state of Haryana has various Medical Colleges including <a href="/wiki/Pandit_Bhagwat_Dayal_Sharma_Post_Graduate_Institute_of_Medical_Sciences" title="Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences">Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences</a> Rohtak, <a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Phool_Singh_Medical_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagat Phool Singh Medical College">Bhagat Phool Singh Medical College</a> in District <a href="/wiki/Sonipat" title="Sonipat">Sonipat</a>, <a href="/wiki/ESIC_Medical_College,_Faridabad" title="ESIC Medical College, Faridabad">ESIC Medical College, Faridabad</a> along with notable private medical institutes like <a href="/wiki/Medanta" title="Medanta">Medanta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Max_Hospital,_Gurgaon" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Hospital, Gurgaon">Max Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fortis_Healthcare" title="Fortis Healthcare">Fortis Healthcare</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literacy">Literacy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Literacy">edit</a>]</div> The literacy rate in Haryana has seen an upward trend and is 76.64 per cent as per the 2011 population census. Male literacy stands at 85.38%, while female literacy is at 66.67%. In 2001, the literacy rate in Haryana stood at 67.91%, of which males and females were 78.49% and 55.73% literate respectively.<a href="#cite_note-227">[219]</a> As of 2013<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit">[update]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a> city had the highest literacy rate in Haryana at 86.30% followed by <a href="/wiki/Panchkula" title="Panchkula">Panchkula</a> at 81.9% and <a href="/wiki/Ambala" title="Ambala">Ambala</a> at 81.7%.<a href="#cite_note-228">[220]</a> In terms of districts, as of 2012<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit">[update]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rewari" title="Rewari">Rewari</a> had the highest literacy rate in Haryana at 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; male literacy was 79% and female literacy was 67%.<a href="#cite_note-229">[221]</a> In 2011, Haryana's urban literacy rate stood at 84.98%, marking a notable rise from 79.92% in 2001. Similarly, the rural literacy rate in the state experienced an improvement, reaching 68.91% in 2011 compared to 58.74% in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-230">[222]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Schools">Schools</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Schools">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Haryana_Board_of_School_Education" title="Haryana Board of School Education">Haryana Board of School Education</a>, established in September 1969 and shifted to <a href="/wiki/Bhiwani" title="Bhiwani">Bhiwani</a> in 1981, conducts public examinations at middle, matriculation, and senior secondary levels twice a year. Over 700,000 candidates attend annual examinations in February and March; 150,000 attend supplementary examinations each November. The Board also conducts examinations for Haryana Open School at senior and senior secondary levels twice a year.<a href="#cite_note-231">[223]</a> The Haryana government provides free education to women up to the <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> level. In 2015–2016, there were nearly 20,000 schools, including 10,100 state government schools (36 Aarohi Schools, 11 Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas, 21 Model Sanskriti Schools, 8,744 government primary school, 3386 government middle school, 1,284 government high school and 1,967 government senior secondary schools),<a href="#cite_note-harsch4-232">[224]</a> 7,635 private schools (200 aided,<a href="#cite_note-harsch1-233">[225]</a> 6,612 recognised unaided,<a href="#cite_note-harsch2-234">[226]</a> and 821 unrecognised unaided private schools<a href="#cite_note-harsch3-235">[227]</a>) and several hundred other central government and private schools such as <a href="/wiki/Kendriya_Vidyalaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Kendriya Vidyalaya">Kendriya Vidyalaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Army_Public_Schools" title="Indian Army Public Schools">Indian Army Public Schools</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jawahar_Navodaya_Vidyalaya" title="Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya">Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/D.A.V._College_Managing_Committee" title="D.A.V. College Managing Committee">DAV schools</a> affiliated to central government's <a href="/wiki/Central_Board_of_Secondary_Education" title="Central Board of Secondary Education">CBSE</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indian_Certificate_of_Secondary_Education" title="Indian Certificate of Secondary Education">ICSE</a> school boards. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Universities_and_higher_education">Universities and higher education</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Universities and higher education">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mriu_at_night1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Mriu_at_night1.jpg/250px-Mriu_at_night1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Mriu_at_night1.jpg/330px-Mriu_at_night1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Mriu_at_night1.jpg/500px-Mriu_at_night1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="603" data-file-height="382" /></a><figcaption>MRIU</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_institutions_of_higher_education_in_Haryana" title="List of institutions of higher education in Haryana">List of institutions of higher education in Haryana</a></div> Haryana has 48 universities and 1,038 colleges,<a href="#cite_note-:1-236">[228]</a> including 115 government colleges, 88 government-aided colleges and 96 self-finance colleges.<a href="#cite_note-hareduc1-237">[229]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hisar_(city)" title="Hisar (city)">Hisar</a> has three universities: <a href="/wiki/Chaudhary_Charan_Singh_Haryana_Agricultural_University" title="Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University">Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University</a> – Asia's largest agricultural university,<a href="#cite_note-about_hau-238">[230]</a> <a href="/wiki/Guru_Jambheshwar_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology">Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lala_Lajpat_Rai_University_of_Veterinary_%26_Animal_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences">Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences</a>); several national agricultural and veterinary research centres (<a href="/wiki/NRC_on_Equines,_Hisar,_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="NRC on Equines, Hisar, Haryana">National Research Centre on Equines</a>),<a href="#cite_note-vision_2030-239">[231]</a> Central Sheep Breeding Farm,<a href="#cite_note-sheep_breeding_farm-240">[232]</a> National Institute on Pig Breeding and Research,<a href="#cite_note-ppu-241">[233]</a> Northern Region Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institute<a href="#cite_note-nrfmtti-242">[234]</a> and Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes (CIRB);<a href="#cite_note-about_cirb-243">[235]</a> and more than 20 colleges including <a href="/wiki/Maharaja_Agrasen_Medical_College,_Agroha" title="Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha">Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha</a>.<a href="#cite_note-mamc-244">[236]</a> Demographically, Haryana has 471,000 women and 457,000 men pursuing post-secondary school higher education. There are more than 18,616 female teachers and 17,061 male teachers in higher education.<a href="#cite_note-:1-236">[228]</a> <a href="/wiki/Union_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Minister">Union Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar_Prasad" title="Ravi Shankar Prasad">Ravi Shankar Prasad</a> announced on 27 February 2016 that the National Institute of Electronics and Information Technology (NIELIT) would be set up in Kurukshetra to provide computer training to youth and a Software Technology Park of India (STPI) would be set up in <a href="/wiki/Panchkula" title="Panchkula">Panchkula</a>'s existing HSIIDC IT Park in Sector 23.<a href="#cite_note-express-245">[237]</a> Hindi and English are compulsory languages in schools whereas Punjabi, Sanskrit and Urdu are chosen as optional languages.<a href="#cite_note-246">[238]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Template:Stadiums_in_Haryana" title="Template:Stadiums in Haryana">Stadiums in Haryana</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:816px;max-width:816px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Bajrang_Punia_receiving_Arjuna_Award-2015_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bajrang_Punia_receiving_Arjuna_Award-2015_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Bajrang_Punia_receiving_Arjuna_Award-2015_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bajrang_Punia_receiving_Arjuna_Award-2015_%28cropped%29.jpg/300px-Bajrang_Punia_receiving_Arjuna_Award-2015_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bajrang_Punia_receiving_Arjuna_Award-2015_%28cropped%29.jpg/400px-Bajrang_Punia_receiving_Arjuna_Award-2015_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="762" data-file-height="1155" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Wrestler <a href="/wiki/Bajrang_Punia" title="Bajrang Punia">Bajrang Punia</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Kapil_Dev_at_Equation_sports_auction.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Kapil_Dev_at_Equation_sports_auction.jpg/250px-Kapil_Dev_at_Equation_sports_auction.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Kapil_Dev_at_Equation_sports_auction.jpg/330px-Kapil_Dev_at_Equation_sports_auction.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Kapil_Dev_at_Equation_sports_auction.jpg/500px-Kapil_Dev_at_Equation_sports_auction.jpg 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="439" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Cricketer <a href="/wiki/Kapil_Dev" title="Kapil Dev">Kapil Dev</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Beijing_Olympic_bronze_medal_winner,_boxer_Vijender_Kumar_at_Delhi_Indira_Gandhi_International_Airport,_in_New_Delhi_on_August_25,_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/The_Beijing_Olympic_bronze_medal_winner%2C_boxer_Vijender_Kumar_at_Delhi_Indira_Gandhi_International_Airport%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_August_25%2C_2008.jpg/200px-The_Beijing_Olympic_bronze_medal_winner%2C_boxer_Vijender_Kumar_at_Delhi_Indira_Gandhi_International_Airport%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_August_25%2C_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/The_Beijing_Olympic_bronze_medal_winner%2C_boxer_Vijender_Kumar_at_Delhi_Indira_Gandhi_International_Airport%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_August_25%2C_2008.jpg/300px-The_Beijing_Olympic_bronze_medal_winner%2C_boxer_Vijender_Kumar_at_Delhi_Indira_Gandhi_International_Airport%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_August_25%2C_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/The_Beijing_Olympic_bronze_medal_winner%2C_boxer_Vijender_Kumar_at_Delhi_Indira_Gandhi_International_Airport%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_August_25%2C_2008.jpg/400px-The_Beijing_Olympic_bronze_medal_winner%2C_boxer_Vijender_Kumar_at_Delhi_Indira_Gandhi_International_Airport%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_August_25%2C_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="2711" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Boxer <a href="/wiki/Vijender_Singh" title="Vijender Singh">Vijender Singh</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Saina_Nehwal_in_2011_(cropped-02).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Saina_Nehwal_in_2011_%28cropped-02%29.jpg/200px-Saina_Nehwal_in_2011_%28cropped-02%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Saina_Nehwal_in_2011_%28cropped-02%29.jpg/300px-Saina_Nehwal_in_2011_%28cropped-02%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Saina_Nehwal_in_2011_%28cropped-02%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="329" data-file-height="439" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Badminton player <a href="/wiki/Saina_Nehwal" title="Saina Nehwal">Saina Nehwal</a></div></div></div></div></div> In the <a href="/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games" title="2010 Commonwealth Games">2010 Commonwealth Games</a> at Delhi, 22 out of 38 gold medals that India won came from Haryana.<a href="#cite_note-247">[239]</a> During the 33rd National Games held in <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> in 2007, Haryana stood first in the nation<a href="#cite_note-248">[240]</a> with a medal tally of 80, including 30 gold, 22 silver and 28 bronze medals. The <a href="/wiki/1983_Cricket_World_Cup" title="1983 Cricket World Cup">1983 World Cup</a> winning captain <a href="/wiki/Kapil_Dev" title="Kapil Dev">Kapil Dev</a> made his domestic-cricket debut playing for Haryana. <a href="/wiki/Nahar_Singh_Stadium" title="Nahar Singh Stadium">Nahar Singh Stadium</a> was built in <a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a> in the year 1981 for international cricket. This ground has the capacity to hold around 25,000 people as spectators.<a href="#cite_note-249">[241]</a> Tejli Sports Complex is an ultra-modern sports complex in <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_Nagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamuna Nagar">Yamuna Nagar</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tau_Devi_Lal_Stadium" title="Tau Devi Lal Stadium">Tau Devi Lal Stadium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a> is a multi-sport complex.<a href="#cite_note-250">[242]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of Haryana">Chief Minister of Haryana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manohar_Lal_Khattar" title="Manohar Lal Khattar">Manohar Lal Khattar</a> announced the "Haryana Sports and Physical Fitness Policy", a policy to support 26 Olympic sports, on 12 January 2015 with the words "We will develop Haryana as the sports hub of the country."<a href="#cite_note-251">[243]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoH201527-252">[244]</a> Haryana is home to <a href="/wiki/Haryana_Gold" title="Haryana Gold">Haryana Gold</a>, one of India's eight professional basketball teams that compete in the country's <a href="/wiki/UBA_Pro_Basketball_League" title="UBA Pro Basketball League">UBA Pro Basketball League</a>. At the <a href="/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics" title="2016 Summer Olympics">2016 Summer Olympics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sakshi_Malik" title="Sakshi Malik">Sakshi Malik</a> won the bronze medal in the 58 kg category, becoming the first Indian female wrestler to win a medal at the Olympics and the fourth female Olympic medalist from the country. Notable badminton player <a href="/wiki/Saina_Nehwal" title="Saina Nehwal">Saina Nehwal</a> is from <a href="/wiki/Hisar_(city)" title="Hisar (city)">Hisar</a> in Haryana.<a href="#cite_note-253">[245]</a> Notable athlete <a href="/wiki/Neeraj_Chopra" title="Neeraj Chopra">Neeraj Chopra</a>, who competes in Javelin Throw and won the first track and field gold medal in <a href="/wiki/2020_Tokyo_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Tokyo Olympics">2020 Tokyo Olympics</a> for India, was born and raised in Panipat, Haryana. Wrestling is also very prominent in Haryana, as 2 medals won in wrestling at <a href="/wiki/2020_Tokyo_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Tokyo Olympics">2020 Tokyo Olympics</a> were from Haryana. Notable athlete <a href="/wiki/Ravi_Dahiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Ravi Dahiya">Ravi Dahiya</a>, who was born in <a href="/wiki/Nahri" class="mw-redirect" title="Nahri">Nahri</a> village of <a href="/wiki/Sonipat" title="Sonipat">Sonipat</a> District, won silver medal in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Tokyo_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Tokyo Olympics">2020 Tokyo Olympics</a> for India. <a href="/wiki/Ravi_Kumar_Dahiya" title="Ravi Kumar Dahiya">Ravi Kumar</a> is an Indian freestyle wrestler who won a silver medal at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics in the 57 kg category. Dahiya is also a bronze medalist from 2019 World Wrestling Championships and a two-time Asian champion. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Haryana" title="List of people from Haryana">List of people from Haryana</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Monuments_of_National_Importance_in_Haryana" title="List of Monuments of National Importance in Haryana">List of Monuments of National Importance in Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_State_Protected_Monuments_in_Haryana" title="List of State Protected Monuments in Haryana">List of State Protected Monuments in Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Haryana" title="Outline of Haryana">Outline of Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Haryana" title="Politics of Haryana">Politics of Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Haryana" title="Tourism in Haryana">Tourism in Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_cinema" title="Haryanvi cinema">Haryanvi cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Haryana" title="List of earthquakes in Haryana">List of earthquakes in Haryana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Haryana1881-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1881_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1881_32-1">b</a> 1881 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of all <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hissar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak_district" title="Rohtak district">Rohtak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sirsa_district" title="Sirsa district">Sirsa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">princely states</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dujana" title="Dujana">Dujana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pataudi_State" title="Pataudi State">Pataudi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalsia" title="Kalsia">Kalsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loharu_State" title="Loharu State">Loharu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jind_State" title="Jind State">Jind</a>) which are in the region that comprises the contemporary state of Haryana, India. See 1881 census data here:<a href="#cite_note-Census1881-53">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-Census1881B-54">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-Census1881C-55">[48]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haryana1891-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1891_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1891_33-1">b</a> 1891 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of all <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hissar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak_district" title="Rohtak district">Rohtak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">princely states</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dujana" title="Dujana">Dujana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pataudi_State" title="Pataudi State">Pataudi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalsia" title="Kalsia">Kalsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loharu_State" title="Loharu State">Loharu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jind_State" title="Jind State">Jind</a>) which are in the region that comprises the contemporary state of Haryana, India. See 1891 census data here:<a href="#cite_note-Census1891-56">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-Census1891B-57">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-Census1891C-58">[51]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haryana1901-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1901_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1901_34-1">b</a> 1901 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of all <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hissar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak_district" title="Rohtak district">Rohtak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">princely states</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dujana" title="Dujana">Dujana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pataudi_State" title="Pataudi State">Pataudi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalsia" title="Kalsia">Kalsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loharu_State" title="Loharu State">Loharu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jind_State" title="Jind State">Jind</a>) which are in the region that comprises the contemporary state of Haryana, India. See 1901 census data here:<a href="#cite_note-Census1901-59">[52]</a>: 34  </li> <li id="cite_note-Haryana1911-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1911_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1911_35-1">b</a> 1911 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of all <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hissar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak_district" title="Rohtak district">Rohtak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">princely states</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dujana" title="Dujana">Dujana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pataudi_State" title="Pataudi State">Pataudi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalsia" title="Kalsia">Kalsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loharu_State" title="Loharu State">Loharu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jind_State" title="Jind State">Jind</a>) which are in the region that comprises the contemporary state of Haryana, India. See 1911 census data here:<a href="#cite_note-Census1911-60">[53]</a>: 27 <a href="#cite_note-Census1911B-61">[54]</a>: 27  </li> <li id="cite_note-Haryana1921-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1921_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1921_36-1">b</a> 1921 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of all <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hissar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak_district" title="Rohtak district">Rohtak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">princely states</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dujana" title="Dujana">Dujana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pataudi_State" title="Pataudi State">Pataudi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalsia" title="Kalsia">Kalsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loharu_State" title="Loharu State">Loharu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jind_State" title="Jind State">Jind</a>) which are in the region that comprises the contemporary state of Haryana, India. See 1921 census data here:<a href="#cite_note-Census1921-62">[55]</a>: 29  </li> <li id="cite_note-Haryana1931-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1931_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1931_37-1">b</a> 1931 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of all <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hissar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak_district" title="Rohtak district">Rohtak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">princely states</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dujana" title="Dujana">Dujana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pataudi_State" title="Pataudi State">Pataudi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalsia" title="Kalsia">Kalsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loharu_State" title="Loharu State">Loharu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jind_State" title="Jind State">Jind</a>) which are in the region that comprises the contemporary state of Haryana, India. See 1931 census data here:<a href="#cite_note-Census1931-63">[56]</a>: 277  </li> <li id="cite_note-Haryana1941-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1941_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haryana1941_38-1">b</a> 1941 figure taken from <a href="/wiki/Census_in_British_India" title="Census in British India">census data</a> by combining the total population of all <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_British_India" title="Districts of British India">districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hissar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak_district" title="Rohtak district">Rohtak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">princely states</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dujana" title="Dujana">Dujana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pataudi_State" title="Pataudi State">Pataudi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalsia" title="Kalsia">Kalsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loharu_State" title="Loharu State">Loharu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jind_State" title="Jind State">Jind</a>) which are in the region that comprises the contemporary state of Haryana, India. See 1941 census data here:<a href="#cite_note-Census1941-64">[57]</a>: 42  </li> <li id="cite_note-ad-dharmi-65"><a href="#cite_ref-ad-dharmi_65-0">^</a> 1931-1941 census: Including <a href="/wiki/Ad-Dharmi" title="Ad-Dharmi">Ad-Dharmis</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/haryana-cm-news-live-manohar-lal-khattar-chief-minister-bjp-dushyant-chautala-jjp-alliance-latest-updates-today-12-march-101710223463760.html">"Haryana CM News Live Updates: BJP leader Nayab Saini stakes claim to form government, oath at 5pm"</a>. Hindustan Times. 12 March 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240312064259/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/haryana-cm-news-live-manohar-lal-khattar-chief-minister-bjp-dushyant-chautala-jjp-alliance-latest-updates-today-12-march-101710223463760.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2024. Retrieved 12 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Haryana+CM+News+Live+Updates%3A+BJP+leader+Nayab+Saini+stakes+claim+to+form+government%2C+oath+at+5pm&rft.date=2024-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia-news%2Fharyana-cm-news-live-manohar-lal-khattar-chief-minister-bjp-dushyant-chautala-jjp-alliance-latest-updates-today-12-march-101710223463760.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-profile-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-profile_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-profile_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160314194109/http://www.haryana.gov.in/knowharyana/haryanaglance.html">"Haryana at a Glance"</a>. Government of Haryana. 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The Indian Express. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200505184601/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/haryanas-south-connect-when-it-made-telugu-second-language-in-school-5570917/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 May 2020. Retrieved 18 March 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Haryana%27s+South+connect%3A+When+it+made+Telugu+second+language+in+school&rft.date=2019-02-06&rft.aulast=Bhatia&rft.aufirst=Varinder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Fexplained%2Fharyanas-south-connect-when-it-made-telugu-second-language-in-school-5570917%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNA-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DNA_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DNA_47-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBharadwaj2010" class="citation web cs1">Bharadwaj, Ajay (7 March 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-punjabi-edges-out-tamil-in-haryana-1356124">"Punjabi edges out Tamil in Haryana"</a>. DNA India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108134854/https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-punjabi-edges-out-tamil-in-haryana-1356124">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 26 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DNA+India&rft.atitle=Punjabi+edges+out+Tamil+in+Haryana&rft.date=2010-03-07&rft.aulast=Bharadwaj&rft.aufirst=Ajay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnaindia.com%2Findia%2Freport-punjabi-edges-out-tamil-in-haryana-1356124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> Bengali and Bhojpuri are listed as they have more than 50,000 speakers each according to the 2011 census; the rest are included following Ethnologue (22nd edition). </li> <li id="cite_note-Ethnologue2019-49"><a href="#cite_ref-Ethnologue2019_49-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEberhardSimonsFennig2019" class="citation web cs1">Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190401120331/https://www.ethnologue.com/country/IN/languages">"India – Languages"</a>. Ethnologue (22nd ed.). SIL International. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/country/IN/languages">the original</a> on 1 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ethnologue&rft.atitle=India+%E2%80%93+Languages&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fcountry%2FIN%2Flanguages&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-census2011-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census2011_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-census2011_50-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-census2011_50-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150825155850/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS">"Population by religion community - 2011"</a>. Census of India, 2011. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS">the original</a> on 25 August 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census+of+India%2C+2011&rft.atitle=Population+by+religion+community+-+2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.gov.in%2F2011census%2FC-01%2FDDW00C-01%2520MDDS.XLS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-harsikh1-51"><a href="#cite_ref-harsikh1_51-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/chandigarh/haryana-notifies-anand-marriage-registration-rules.html">"Haryana government announced the formation of rules to register Anand Karaj, the Sikh marriage ceremony"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140715040119/http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/chandigarh/haryana-notifies-anand-marriage-registration-rules.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 July 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Haryana+government+announced+the+formation+of+rules+to+register+Anand+Karaj%2C+the+Sikh+marriage+ceremony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailypioneer.com%2Fstate-editions%2Fchandigarh%2Fharyana-notifies-anand-marriage-registration-rules.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-harsc1-52"><a href="#cite_ref-harsc1_52-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGovt._of_India,_Census2001" class="citation web cs1">Govt. of India, Census (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_haryana.pdf">"Census India 2001"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111113213432/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_haryana.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+India+2001&rft.date=2001&rft.au=Govt.+of+India%2C+Census&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.gov.in%2FTables_Published%2FSCST%2Fdh_sc_haryana.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1881-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census1881_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census1881_53-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057656">"Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. I."</a> 1881. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057656">saoa.crl.25057656</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240115015937/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057656">Archived</a> from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 1 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1881+Report+on+the+Census+of+the+Panj%C3%A1b+Taken+on+the+17th+of+February+1881%2C+vol.+I.&rft.date=1881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057656%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1881B-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census1881B_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census1881B_54-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057657">"Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. II"</a>. 1881. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057657">saoa.crl.25057657</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240115015938/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057657">Archived</a> from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 1 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1881+Report+on+the+Census+of+the+Panj%C3%A1b+Taken+on+the+17th+of+February+1881%2C+vol.+II.&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057657%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057657&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1881C-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census1881C_55-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census1881C_55-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057658">"Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. III"</a>. 1881. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057658">saoa.crl.25057658</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240120083807/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057658">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2024. Retrieved 1 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1881+Report+on+the+Census+of+the+Panj%C3%A1b+Taken+on+the+17th+of+February+1881%2C+vol.+III.&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1881&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057658%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25057658&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1891-56">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census1891_56-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census1891_56-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25318668">"Census of India, 1891 The Punjab and its feudatories, part I--The report on the census"</a>. 1891. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25318668">saoa.crl.25318668</a>. Retrieved 30 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1891+The+Punjab+and+its+feudatories%2C+part+I--The+report+on+the+census&rft.date=1891&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25318668%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25318668&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1891B-57">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census1891B_57-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census1891B_57-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25318669">"Census of India, 1891 The Punjab and its feudatories, part II--Imperial Tables and Supplementary Returns for the British Territory"</a>. 1891. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25318669">saoa.crl.25318669</a>. Retrieved 30 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1891+The+Punjab+and+its+feudatories%2C+part+II--Imperial+Tables+and+Supplementary+Returns+for+the+British+Territory&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1891&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25318669%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25318669&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1891C-58">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census1891C_58-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census1891C_58-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25318670">"Census of India, 1891 The Punjab and its feudatories, part III--Imperial Tables and Supplementary Returns for the Native States, Together with a Caste Index"</a>. 1891. p. 8. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25318670">saoa.crl.25318670</a>. Retrieved 30 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India%2C+1891+The+Punjab+and+its+feudatories%2C+part+III--Imperial+Tables+and+Supplementary+Returns+for+the+Native+States%2C+Together+with+a+Caste+Index&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1891&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25318670%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25318670&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1901-59">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census1901_59-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census1901_59-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25363739">"Census of India 1901. [Vol. 17A]. Imperial tables, I-VIII, X-XV, XVII and XVIII for the Punjab, with the native states under the political control of the Punjab Government, and for the North-west Frontier Province"</a>. 1901. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25363739">saoa.crl.25363739</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240128154853/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25363739">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 10 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+1901.+%5BVol.+17A%5D.+Imperial+tables%2C+I-VIII%2C+X-XV%2C+XVII+and+XVIII+for+the+Punjab%2C+with+the+native+states+under+the+political+control+of+the+Punjab+Government%2C+and+for+the+North-west+Frontier+Province.&rft.date=1901&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25363739%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25363739&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1911-60">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census1911_60-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census1911_60-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25393788">"Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables"</a>. 1911. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25393788">saoa.crl.25393788</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240109220619/https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25393788">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 3 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+India+1911.+Vol.+14%2C+Punjab.+Pt.+2%2C+Tables.&rft.date=1911&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25393788%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fsaoa.crl.25393788&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1911B-61">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census1911B_61-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census1911B_61-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKaul,_Harikishan1911" class="citation web cs1">Kaul, Harikishan (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.62718">"Census Of India 1911 Punjab Vol XIV Part II"</a>. 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Retrieved 4 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Latest+News%2C+Breaking+News+Live%2C+Current+Headlines%2C+India+News+Online+-+The+Indian+Express&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcities.expressindia.com%2Ffullstory.php%3Fnewsid%3D138509&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-najafpolluted2-101"><a href="#cite_ref-najafpolluted2_101-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=118627">Environment Minister raises a stink over Najafgarh jheel</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍], 22 February 2005, The Indian Express </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianexpress.com/news/najafgarh-basin-delhis-most-polluted-area/558870/">Najafgarh basin Delhi's most polluted area</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100119214020/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/najafgarh-basin-delhis-most-polluted-area/558870/">Archived</a> 19 January 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 25 December 2009, The Indian Express </li> <li id="cite_note-najafpolluted3-103"><a href="#cite_ref-najafpolluted3_103-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-25/pollution/28101026_1_industrial-clusters-industrial-hubs-najafgarh-drain">Najafgarh drain 11th among highly polluted industrial clusters</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120701125350/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-25/pollution/28101026_1_industrial-clusters-industrial-hubs-najafgarh-drain">Archived</a> 1 July 2012 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>, 25 December 2009, The <a href="/wiki/Times_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Times of India">Times of India</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-najafpolluted4-104"><a href="#cite_ref-najafpolluted4_104-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=191225Najafgarh">drain causes less pollution in Yamuna now</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍], 4 July 2006, The Indian Express </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated3-105">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated3_105-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated3_105-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160201121800/http://www.haryana-online.com/geography.htm">"Geography of Haryana - Map, Shivaliks, Ghaggar, Yamuna, Saraswati, Morni - India"</a>. haryana-online.com. Archived from the original on 1 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=haryana-online.com&rft.atitle=Geography+of+Haryana+-+Map%2C+Shivaliks%2C+Ghaggar%2C+Yamuna%2C+Saraswati%2C+Morni+-+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haryana-online.com%2Fgeography.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSiwach,_Sukhbir2014" class="citation cs2">Siwach, Sukhbir (7 December 2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Haryana-to-meet-Rajasthan-over-stopping-of-river-waters/articleshow/45399754.cms">"Haryana to meet Rajasthan over stopping of river waters"</a>, The Times of India, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160205134642/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Haryana-to-meet-Rajasthan-over-stopping-of-river-waters/articleshow/45399754.cms">archived</a> from the original on 5 February 2016, retrieved 12 November 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Haryana+to+meet+Rajasthan+over+stopping+of+river+waters&rft.date=2014-12-07&rft.au=Siwach%2C+Sukhbir&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2FHaryana-to-meet-Rajasthan-over-stopping-of-river-waters%2Farticleshow%2F45399754.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> Sudhir Bhargava,"Location of Brahmavarta and Drishadwati River is important to find earliest alignment of Saraswati River", International Conference, 20–22 Nov 2009, "Saraswati-a perspective" pages 114–117, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Organised by: Saraswati Nadi Shodh Sansthan, Haryana. </li> <li id="cite_note-WYC-108">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_108-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_108-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_108-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_108-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_108-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171113165614/http://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Western_Yamuna_Canal_Major_Irrigation_Project_JI01653">"Western Yamuna Canal Major Irrigation Project JI01653 -"</a>. india-wris.nrsc.gov.in. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Western_Yamuna_Canal_Major_Irrigation_Project_JI01653">the original</a> on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=india-wris.nrsc.gov.in&rft.atitle=Western+Yamuna+Canal+Major+Irrigation+Project+JI01653+-&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findia-wris.nrsc.gov.in%2Fwrpinfo%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DWestern_Yamuna_Canal_Major_Irrigation_Project_JI01653&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-india.gov.in-109">^ <a href="#cite_ref-india.gov.in_109-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-india.gov.in_109-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090207085128/http://india.gov.in/sectors/water_resources/sutlej_link.php">"National Portal of India"</a>. india.gov.in. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.india.gov.in/">the original</a> on 7 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=india.gov.in&rft.atitle=National+Portal+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.india.gov.in%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-obs1-110">^ <a href="#cite_ref-obs1_110-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-obs1_110-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2003/rmar2003/04032003/r040320035.html">"PIB Press Releases"</a>. pib.nic.in. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170301205001/http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2003/rmar2003/04032003/r040320035.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pib.nic.in&rft.atitle=PIB+Press+Releases&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpib.nic.in%2Farchieve%2Flreleng%2Flyr2003%2Frmar2003%2F04032003%2Fr040320035.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-igc1-111"><a href="#cite_ref-igc1_111-0">^</a> Ramtanu Maitra: The Indira Gandhi Canal: greening the desert in India EIR Volume 14, Number 7, 13 February 1987 </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-112"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_112-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hillsofmorni.com/around-morni/kaushalya-dam/">"Kaushalya Dam"</a>. Hills of Morni. 13 December 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140523064947/http://www.hillsofmorni.com/around-morni/kaushalya-dam/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2014. Retrieved 14 June 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kaushalya+Dam&rft.pub=Hills+of+Morni&rft.date=2012-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hillsofmorni.com%2Faround-morni%2Fkaushalya-dam%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hath1-113">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hath1_113-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hath1_113-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hath1_113-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTakJagdish_P._SatiAnjum_N._Rizvi2010" class="citation web cs1">Tak, Prakash C.; Jagdish P. Sati; Anjum N. Rizvi (April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120317104520/http://threatenedtaxa.org/ZooPrintJournal/2010/April/o220026iv10841-844.pdf">"Status of waterbirds at Hathnikund Barrage wetland, Yamunanagar District, Haryana, India"</a> (PDF). p. 841. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://threatenedtaxa.org/ZooPrintJournal/2010/April/o220026iv10841-844.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 17 March 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Status+of+waterbirds+at+Hathnikund+Barrage+wetland%2C+Yamunanagar+District%2C+Haryana%2C+India&rft.pages=841&rft.date=2010-04&rft.aulast=Tak&rft.aufirst=Prakash+C.&rft.au=Jagdish+P.+Sati&rft.au=Anjum+N.+Rizvi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthreatenedtaxa.org%2FZooPrintJournal%2F2010%2FApril%2Fo220026iv10841-844.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haberman2006-114">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haberman2006_114-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haberman2006_114-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHaberman2006" class="citation book cs1">Haberman, David L. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=63uDsPPr48gC&pg=PA78">River of love in an age of pollution: the Yamuna River of northern India</a>. University of California Press. p. 78. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-24789-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-24789-5"><bdi>978-0-520-24789-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved 2 June 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=River+of+love+in+an+age+of+pollution%3A+the+Yamuna+River+of+northern+India&rft.pages=78&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-520-24789-5&rft.aulast=Haberman&rft.aufirst=David+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D63uDsPPr48gC%26pg%3DPA78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peck-115">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Peck_115-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peck_115-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPeck2005" class="citation book cs1">Peck, Lucy (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vedamsbooks.com/no43813.htm">Delhi - A thousand years of Building</a>. New Delhi: Roli Books Pvt Ltd. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7436-354-8" title="Special:BookSources/81-7436-354-8"><bdi>81-7436-354-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060312215021/https://www.vedamsbooks.com/no43813.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2006. Retrieved 5 September 2009. <q>One of the two significant structures in the area, the dam lies about 1 km [0.62 mi] to the north of the Anangpur village. A path from the main village street will lead you in to flat pastureland. Head for the small rocky hill ahead of you and climb over it. On the other side is another flat area, rather thickly covered in thorn trees. It is worth finding a way through them to the dam that straddles the gap between the two nearby hills. The dam is an impressive edifice 50 m [160 ft] wide and 7 m [23 ft] high built from accurately hewn quartzite blocks.---There is a passage for the egress of water at the level of the ground on the dammed side. The flat land across which you have walked is clearly caused by centuries of silt deposits in the lake that once existed behind this dam. The land around has been vwey heavily quarried recently, so further archaeological finds are unlikely.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Delhi+-+A+thousand+years+of+Building&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Roli+Books+Pvt+Ltd.&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=81-7436-354-8&rft.aulast=Peck&rft.aufirst=Lucy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vedamsbooks.com%2Fno43813.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Mohan-116"><a href="#cite_ref-Mohan_116-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMadan_Mohan" class="citation web cs1">Madan Mohan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230426130611/https://www.isprs.org/congresses/istanbul2004/comm5/papers/676.pdf">"Spatial Data Modeling in GIS for Historical Restoration and Conservation of Cultural Heritage of Seven Cities of Delhi"</a> (PDF). Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) New Delhi, India. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isprs.org/congresses/istanbul2004/comm5/papers/676.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 26 April 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spatial+Data+Modeling+in+GIS+for+Historical+Restoration+and+Conservation+of+Cultural+Heritage+of+Seven+Cities+of+Delhi&rft.pub=Department+of+Geography%2C+Faculty+of+Natural+Sciences%2C+Jamia+Millia+Islamia+%28Central+University%29+New+Delhi%2C+India&rft.au=Madan+Mohan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.isprs.org%2Fcongresses%2Fistanbul2004%2Fcomm5%2Fpapers%2F676.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref36hahor-117"><a href="#cite_ref-ref36hahor_117-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSir_William_Wilson_Hunter,_India_Office1908" class="citation cs2">Sir William Wilson Hunter, India Office (1908), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iUAKAQAAIAAJ">Imperial gazetteer of India</a>, Clarendon Press, 1908, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130929213116/http://books.google.com/books?id=iUAKAQAAIAAJ">archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2013, retrieved 13 November 2017, <q>... It was agreed between the British Government and the State of Bikaner that the Dhanur lake, about 8 miles from Sirsa, should be converted into a reservoir by the construction of a masonry weir at Otu ... two canals, the northern and southern ... constructed with famine labor in 1896-7 ... 6.3 lakhs, of which 2.8 lakhs was debited to Bikaner ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Imperial+gazetteer+of+India&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press%2C+1908&rft.date=1908&rft.au=Sir+William+Wilson+Hunter%2C+India+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiUAKAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-indexp2002ysf-118"><a href="#cite_ref-indexp2002ysf_118-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMukesh_Bhardwaj2002" class="citation cs2">Mukesh Bhardwaj (7 April 2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianexpress.com/oldStory/449/">"Tau here, Tau there, Tau everywhere"</a>, The Indian Express, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220424220014/https://indianexpress.com/article/news-archive/tau-here-tau-there-tau-everywhere/">archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2022, retrieved 28 November 2010, <q>... The prestigious Panipat Thermal Plant was named after Devi Lal, as was the new tourist complex at Ottu weir in Sirsa ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Tau+here%2C+Tau+there%2C+Tau+everywhere&rft.date=2002-04-07&rft.au=Mukesh+Bhardwaj&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indianexpress.com%2FoldStory%2F449%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-jagran2010kfa-119"><a href="#cite_ref-jagran2010kfa_119-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726050310/http://in.jagran.yahoo.com/news/local/haryana/4_6_6421654.html">"बस साल भर बाद खेतों की प्यास बुझाएगी ओटू झील (Ottu reservoir will begin quenching the thirst of fields in only a year)"</a>, Dainik Jagran, 27 May 2010, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://in.jagran.yahoo.com/news/local/haryana/4_6_6421654.html">the original</a> on 26 July 2011, retrieved 28 November 2010, <q>... किसानों की समस्या से निजात दिलाने में सहायक ओटू झील की याद बरबस किसानों व सिंचाई विभाग को आना लाज़िमी है। सिंचाई विभाग ने किसानों के हित को ध्यान में रखते हुए झील की खुदाई की गति तेज़ कर दी है (it is obvious that the suffering farmers and the irrigation department would look to the Ottu reservoir. Mindful of the farmers' interests, the irrigation department has accelerated the work to deepen Ottu reservoir) ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dainik+Jagran&rft.atitle=%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B8+%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2+%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B0+%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6+%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82+%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8+%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%82+%E0%A4%9D%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2+%28Ottu+reservoir+will+begin+quenching+the+thirst+of+fields+in+only+a+year%29&rft.date=2010-05-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fin.jagran.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fharyana%2F4_6_6421654.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-badkhal1-120"><a href="#cite_ref-badkhal1_120-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140302053727/http://haryanatourism.gov.in/destination/badkhal.asp">"Badkhal"</a>. 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Retrieved 8 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Religious+Places+in+Kurukshetra+-+Brahma+Sarovar&rft.pub=Kurukshetra+district+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kurukshetra.nic.in%2Ftour%2FReligious%2Ftirath%2FKurukshetra%2F010-brahmsarovar%2Findex.htm%23top&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-blue1-125"><a href="#cite_ref-blue1_125-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/vets-screen-geese-shut-hisar-s-bluebird-lake/21336.html">"Title: The Tribune - Hisar Bluebird lake, Published 23 December 2014. Retrieved 26 March 2016"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170821173905/http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/vets-screen-geese-shut-hisar-s-bluebird-lake/21336.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Title%3A+The+Tribune+-+Hisar+Bluebird+lake%2C+Published+23+December+2014.+Retrieved+26+March+2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2Fnews%2Fharyana%2Fvets-screen-geese-shut-hisar-s-bluebird-lake%2F21336.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-blue2-126"><a href="#cite_ref-blue2_126-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111011073014/http://haryanatourism.gov.in/destination/bluebird.asp">"Blue Bird (Hisar)"</a>. 11 October 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://haryanatourism.gov.in/destination/bluebird.asp">the original</a> on 11 October 2011. 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Retrieved 5 September 2009. <q>Page 100: Suraj Kund lies about 3 km south-east of Tughlaqabad in district Gurgaon---The reservoir is believed to have been constructed in the tenth century by King Surjapal of Tomar dynasty, whose existence is based on Bardic tradition. Page 101: About 2 km south-west of Surajkund, close to the village of Anagpur (also called Arangpur is a dam ascribed to Anagpal of the Tomar Dynasty, who is also credited with building the <a href="/wiki/Lal_Kot" class="mw-redirect" title="Lal Kot">Lal Kot</a></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Delhi+and+its+Neighbourhood&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=100+in+161&rft.pub=Archaeological+Survey+of+India&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Y.D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiaclub.com%2FShop%2FSearchResults.asp%3FProdStock%3D8780&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-suraj-131"><a href="#cite_ref-suraj_131-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091011023435/http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_tktd_haryana_surajkund.asp">"Ticketed Monuments – Haryana: Suraj Kund"</a>. 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Retrieved 7 February 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tau+Devi+Lal+Cricket+Stadium+-+India+-+Cricket+Grounds+-+ESPN+Cricinfo&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent-www.cricinfo.com%2Ficl%2Fcontent%2Fground%2F321957.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><a href="#cite_ref-251">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170701072127/http://haryanacmoffice.gov.in/newsupdates/details/id/338">News Details</a>, Office of <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of Haryana">Chief Minister of Haryana</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://haryanacmoffice.gov.in/newsupdates/details/id/338">the original</a> on 1 July 2017, retrieved 1 December 2018</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=News+Details&rft.pub=Office+of+Chief+Minister+of+Haryana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fharyanacmoffice.gov.in%2Fnewsupdates%2Fdetails%2Fid%2F338&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoH201527-252"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoH201527_252-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGoH2015">GoH 2015</a>, p. 27. </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYadav2010" class="citation web cs1">Yadav, Bhupendra (31 October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/sunday-times/all-that-matters/Why-Haryana-is-Indias-mine-for-medals/articleshow/6844460.cms">"Why Haryana is India's mine for medals"</a>. The Times of India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191216022235/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/sunday-times/all-that-matters/Why-Haryana-is-Indias-mine-for-medals/articleshow/6844460.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 16 December 2019. Retrieved 26 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Why+Haryana+is+India%27s+mine+for+medals&rft.date=2010-10-31&rft.aulast=Yadav&rft.aufirst=Bhupendra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fhome%2Fsunday-times%2Fall-that-matters%2FWhy-Haryana-is-Indias-mine-for-medals%2Farticleshow%2F6844460.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGoH2015" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117020824/http://haryanasports.gov.in/pdf/sportspolicyeng.pdf">Haryana Sports and Physical Fitness Policy</a> (PDF), Government of Haryana, 12 January 2015, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://haryanasports.gov.in/pdf/sportspolicyeng.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 17 November 2015, retrieved 13 November 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Haryana+Sports+and+Physical+Fitness+Policy&rft.pub=Government+of+Haryana&rft.date=2015-01-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fharyanasports.gov.in%2Fpdf%2Fsportspolicyeng.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAtul_Kumar_SinhaAbhay_Kumar_Singh2007" class="citation cs2">Atul Kumar Sinha; Abhay Kumar Singh, eds. (2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d4VeYJdww2YC">Udayana New Horizons in History, Classics and Inter-Cultural studies</a>, Anamika Publishers, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7975-168-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7975-168-8"><bdi>978-81-7975-168-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Udayana+New+Horizons+in+History%2C+Classics+and+Inter-Cultural+studies&rft.pub=Anamika+Publishers&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-81-7975-168-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dd4VeYJdww2YC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNIDM" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909120623/http://nidm.gov.in/pdf/dp/Haryana.pdf">National Disaster Risk Reduction Portal - Haryana</a> (PDF), National Institute of Disaster Management, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nidm.gov.in/pdf/dp/Haryana.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 9 September 2016, retrieved 12 November 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=National+Disaster+Risk+Reduction+Portal+-+Haryana&rft.pub=National+Institute+of+Disaster+Management&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnidm.gov.in%2Fpdf%2Fdp%2FHaryana.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSharma2006" class="citation book cs1">Sharma, Suresh K (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VE71IqAC0YYC&q=haryana">Haryana: Past and Present</a>. New Delhi: Mittal Publications. p. 763. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-8324-046-1" title="Special:BookSources/81-8324-046-1"><bdi>81-8324-046-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240328160106/https://books.google.com/books?id=VE71IqAC0YYC&q=haryana">Archived</a> from the original on 28 March 2024. 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Agra: Upkar Prakashan. p. 75. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7482-383-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7482-383-0"><bdi>978-81-7482-383-0</bdi></a>. Retrieved 11 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Haryana+General+Knowledge&rft.place=Agra&rft.pages=75&rft.pub=Upkar+Prakashan&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-81-7482-383-0&rft.aulast=Khanna&rft.aufirst=C.+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkF-iDEMnuyMC%26q%3Dharyana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYadav2008" class="citation book cs1">Yadav, Ram B. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ovqab_L5IaAC&q=haryana">Folk Tales & Legends of Haryana</a>. Gurgaon: Pinnacle Technology. p. 305. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7871-162-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7871-162-1"><bdi>978-81-7871-162-1</bdi></a>. 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Retrieved 11 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Haryana%2C+a+Historical+Perspective&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=183&rft.pub=Atlantic+Publishers+%26+Distributors&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Mittal&rft.aufirst=Satish+Chandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2RKTigrrP1cC%26q%3Dharyana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSinghKaur2004" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Mandeep; Kaur, Harvinder (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DmY55VLeW7gC&q=haryana">Economic Development of Haryana</a>. New Delhi: Deep and Deep Publications. p. 234. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7629-558-2" title="Special:BookSources/81-7629-558-2"><bdi>81-7629-558-2</bdi></a>. 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Publishing Corporation. p. 223. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7018-412-6" title="Special:BookSources/81-7018-412-6"><bdi>81-7018-412-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved 11 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Formation+of+Haryana&rft.pages=223&rft.pub=B.R.+Publishing+Corporation&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=81-7018-412-6&rft.aulast=Rai&rft.aufirst=Gulshan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlGYeAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dharyana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHanda2004" class="citation book cs1">Handa, Devendra (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=u1VuAAAAMAAJ&q=haryana">Buddhist remains from Haryana</a>. Sundeep Prakashan. p. 97. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7574-153-8" title="Special:BookSources/81-7574-153-8"><bdi>81-7574-153-8</bdi></a>. Retrieved 11 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buddhist+remains+from+Haryana&rft.pages=97&rft.pub=Sundeep+Prakashan&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=81-7574-153-8&rft.aulast=Handa&rft.aufirst=Devendra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Du1VuAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dharyana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JdTsAAAAMAAJ&q=haryana">Haryana at a glance: Statistical overview & development indicators</a>. Jagran Research Centre. 2007. p. 157. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788186821428" title="Special:BookSources/9788186821428"><bdi>9788186821428</bdi></a>. Retrieved 11 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Haryana+at+a+glance%3A+Statistical+overview+%26+development+indicators&rft.pages=157&rft.pub=Jagran+Research+Centre&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9788186821428&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJdTsAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dharyana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSingh2003" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Chander Pal (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L7ifAAAAMAAJ&q=haryana">Early medieval art of Haryana</a>. Koshal Book Depot. p. 168. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-86049-07-X" title="Special:BookSources/81-86049-07-X"><bdi>81-86049-07-X</bdi></a>. Retrieved 11 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+medieval+art+of+Haryana&rft.pages=168&rft.pub=Koshal+Book+Depot&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=81-86049-07-X&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Chander+Pal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL7ifAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dharyana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHanda2006" class="citation book cs1">Handa, Devendra (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dfDVAAAAMAAJ&q=haryana">Sculptures from Haryana: Iconography and style</a>. Indian Institute of Advanced Study. p. 286. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7305-307-3" title="Special:BookSources/81-7305-307-3"><bdi>81-7305-307-3</bdi></a>. Retrieved 11 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sculptures+from+Haryana%3A+Iconography+and+style&rft.pages=286&rft.pub=Indian+Institute+of+Advanced+Study&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=81-7305-307-3&rft.aulast=Handa&rft.aufirst=Devendra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdfDVAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dharyana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aFVuAAAAMAAJ&q=haryana">Journal of Haryana Studies</a>. Kurukshetra: Kurukshetra University. 2008. Retrieved 11 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Journal+of+Haryana+Studies&rft.place=Kurukshetra&rft.pub=Kurukshetra+University&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaFVuAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dharyana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarveyHarveyDevasarGrewal2006" class="citation book cs1">Harvey, Bill; Harvey, William; Devasar, Nikhil; Grewal, Bikram; Oriental Bird Club (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y2cQAQAAMAAJ&q=haryana">Atlas of the birds of Delhi and Haryana</a>. Rupa & Co. p. 352. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-291-0954-9" title="Special:BookSources/81-291-0954-9"><bdi>81-291-0954-9</bdi></a>. Retrieved 11 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Atlas+of+the+birds+of+Delhi+and+Haryana&rft.pages=352&rft.pub=Rupa+%26+Co.&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=81-291-0954-9&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft.au=Harvey%2C+William&rft.au=Devasar%2C+Nikhil&rft.au=Grewal%2C+Bikram&rft.au=Oriental+Bird+Club&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY2cQAQAAMAAJ%26q%3Dharyana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSarkar1960" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jadunath_Sarkar" title="Jadunath Sarkar">Sarkar, Jadunath</a> (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qoRDAAAAYAAJ">Military History of India</a>. Orient Longmans. pp. 66–69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780861251551" title="Special:BookSources/9780861251551"><bdi>9780861251551</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Military+History+of+India&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E66-%3C%2Fspan%3E69&rft.pub=Orient+Longmans&rft.date=1960&rft.isbn=9780861251551&rft.aulast=Sarkar&rft.aufirst=Jadunath&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqoRDAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaryana" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haryana&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <dl><dt>Government</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haryana.gov.in/">The Official Site of the Government of Haryana</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184729/http://haryana.gov.in/">Archived</a> 3 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://haryanatourism.gov.in/">Official Tourism Site of Haryana, India</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130813100403/http://www.haryanatourism.gov.in/">Archived</a> 13 August 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haryana.com">Haryana Community website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220703164928/https://haryana.com/">Archived</a> 3 July 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>General information</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ucblibraries.summon.serialssolutions.com/#!/search?ho=t&l=en&q=Haryana">Haryana</a> web resources provided by GovPubs at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Colorado_Boulder_Libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Colorado Boulder Libraries">University of Colorado Boulder Libraries</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/256424">Haryana</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Haryana" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Haryana">Wikimedia Atlas of Haryana</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1942601">Haryana</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/21px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/42px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/19px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/29px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/38px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/19px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/29px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/38px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia</a></li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header">Haryana at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/20px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Haryana" class="extiw" title="wikt:Haryana">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" class="extiw" title="c:हरियाणा">Media</a> from Commons</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/21px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/32px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/42px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Haryana" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Haryana">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/16px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/24px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Haryana" class="extiw" title="q:Haryana">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/20px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Haryana" class="extiw" title="voy:Haryana">Travel guides</a> from Wikivoyage</li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/File:..Haryana_Flag(INDIA).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/..Haryana_Flag%28INDIA%29.png/40px-..Haryana_Flag%28INDIA%29.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/..Haryana_Flag%28INDIA%29.png/60px-..Haryana_Flag%28INDIA%29.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="454" /></a> <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">State</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Haryana</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India" title="List of state and union territory capitals in India">Capital</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Haryana" title="Category:Haryana">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Haryana" title="Administrative divisions of Haryana">Divisions of Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Haryana" title="Outline of Haryana">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Haryana" title="History of Haryana">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Haryana" title="Tourism in Haryana">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Haryana">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Haryana" title="Politics of Haryana">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Haryana" title="Government of Haryana">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Haryana" title="List of governors of Haryana">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haryana" title="Economy of Haryana">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sport_in_Haryana" title="Category:Sport in Haryana">Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Haryana" title="List of districts of Haryana">Districts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Haryana" title="Administrative divisions of Haryana">divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left; background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Ambala_division" title="Ambala division">Ambala division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra_district" title="Kurukshetra district">Kurukshetra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchkula_district" title="Panchkula district">Panchkula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamunanagar_district" title="Yamunanagar district">Yamunanagar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left; background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Faridabad_division" title="Faridabad division">Faridabad division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faridabad_district" title="Faridabad district">Faridabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuh_district" title="Nuh district">Nuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palwal_district" title="Palwal district">Palwal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left; background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_division" title="Gurgaon division">Gurgaon division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahendragarh_district" title="Mahendragarh district">Mahendragarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rewari_district" title="Rewari district">Rewari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left; background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Hisar_division" title="Hisar division">Hisar division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fatehabad_district" title="Fatehabad district">Fatehabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hisar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jind_district" title="Jind district">Jind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirsa_district" title="Sirsa district">Sirsa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left; background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Karnal_division" title="Karnal division">Karnal division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaithal_district" title="Kaithal district">Kaithal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panipat_district" title="Panipat district">Panipat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left; background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Rohtak_division" title="Rohtak division">Rohtak division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhiwani_district" title="Bhiwani district">Bhiwani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charkhi_Dadri_district" title="Charkhi Dadri district">Charkhi Dadri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhajjar_district" title="Jhajjar district">Jhajjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohtak_district" title="Rohtak district">Rohtak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonipat_district" title="Sonipat district">Sonipat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Haryana_by_population" title="List of cities in Haryana by population">cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panipat" title="Panipat">Panipat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamunanagar" title="Yamunanagar">Yamunanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohtak" title="Rohtak">Rohtak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisar_(city)" title="Hisar (city)">Hisar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnal" title="Karnal">Karnal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonipat" title="Sonipat">Sonipat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchkula" title="Panchkula">Panchkula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhiwani" title="Bhiwani">Bhiwani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirsa" title="Sirsa">Sirsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahadurgarh" title="Bahadurgarh">Bahadurgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jind" title="Jind">Jind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra" title="Kurukshetra">Kurukshetra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaithal" title="Kaithal">Kaithal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rewari" title="Rewari">Rewari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palwal" title="Palwal">Palwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charkhi_Dadri" title="Charkhi Dadri">Charkhi Dadri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Haryanavi_culture" title="Category:Haryanavi culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Culture">Haryanvi culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_cinema" title="Haryanvi cinema">Cinema</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Haryanvi-language_films" title="List of Haryanvi-language films">List of films</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chandrawal" title="Chandrawal">Chandrawal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jagat_Jakhar" title="Jagat Jakhar">Jagat Jakhar</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Haryana" title="Music of Haryana">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_folk_dances#Haryana" title="List of Indian folk dances">Folk dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saang" title="Saang">Saang</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_language" title="Haryanvi language">Haryanvi language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahirwati" title="Ahirwati">Ahirwati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagri_language" title="Bagri language">Bagri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braj_Bhasha" title="Braj Bhasha">Braj Bhasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangru_language_(Haryana)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangru language (Haryana)">Bangru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deshwali_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deshwali language (page does not exist)">Deshwali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khadar_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khadar language (page does not exist)">Khadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loarki_language" title="Loarki language">Loarki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mewati_language" title="Mewati language">Mewati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirmauri_language" title="Sirmauri language">Pahari</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_people" title="Haryanvi people">Haryanvi people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haryana" title="Economy of Haryana">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Power_stations_of_Haryana" title="Template:Power stations of Haryana">Power stations and power organisations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Places_of_interest547" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Haryana" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Haryana">Places of interest</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Sarasvati civilization (Indus Valley Civilisation)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Badri,_Haryana" title="Adi Badri, Haryana">Adi Badri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balu,_Kaithal" title="Balu, Kaithal">Balu, Kaithal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banawali" title="Banawali">Banawali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhirrana" title="Bhirrana">Bhirrana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmana" title="Farmana">Farmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jognakhera" title="Jognakhera">Jognakhera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanwari" title="Kanwari">Kanwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunal,_Haryana" title="Kunal, Haryana">Kunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lohari_Ragho" title="Lohari Ragho">Lohari Ragho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitathal" title="Mitathal">Mitathal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakhigarhi" title="Rakhigarhi">Rakhigarhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siswal" title="Siswal">Siswal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sothi" title="Sothi">Sothi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archaeological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Monuments_of_National_Importance_in_Haryana" title="List of Monuments of National Importance in Haryana">National monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_State_Protected_Monuments_in_Haryana" title="List of State Protected Monuments in Haryana">State monuments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stepwell" title="Stepwell">Baoli (Stepwells)s</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaithal" title="Kaithal">Kaithal</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhai_ki_Baoli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhai ki Baoli (page does not exist)">Bhai ki Baoli</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatehabad,_Haryana" title="Fatehabad, Haryana">Fatehabad</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rania,_Sirsa#History"Rania" title="Rania, Sirsa">Rania,_Sirsa#History"Rania</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Badshahpur#Akhara_Stepwell" title="Badshahpur">Akhara Baoli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Badshahpur#Badshahpur_Stepwell" title="Badshahpur">Badshahpur Baoli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Badshahpur#Dhumaspur_Stepwell" title="Badshahpur">Dhumaspur Baoli</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maham" title="Maham">Maham in Rohtak</a> (<a href="/wiki/Choron_ki_Baoli" title="Choron ki Baoli">Choron ki Baoli</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narnaul" title="Narnaul">Narnaul</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Alijaan_ki_Bawdi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alijaan ki Bawdi (page does not exist)">Alijaan ki Bawdi</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buddhist and Hindu sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Buddhist mounds (<a href="/wiki/Agroha_Mound" title="Agroha Mound">Agroha Mound</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugh_Ancient_Mound" title="Sugh Ancient Mound">Sugh Ancient Mound</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stupa" title="Stupa">Buddhist stupas</a> ([Adi Badri, Haryana</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Haveli" title="Haveli">Haveli</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nangal_Sirohi#Havelis_and_architecture" title="Nangal Sirohi">Nangal Sirohi</a></li> <li>Hemu Ki Haveli in Rewari</li> <li>Noor Mahal in Karnal</li> <li>Gurugram: (Sikanderpur, Mohammadpur Jharsa, 12 Biswa haveli in Gurgaon gaon, Mahalwala haveli in 8 Biswa of Gurgaon gaon)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asigarh_Fort" title="Asigarh Fort">Asigarh Fort (Hansi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badshahpur#Badhshapur_Fort_.26_Baoli" title="Badshahpur">Badhshapur Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buria#Buria_Fort" title="Buria">Buria Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhachhrauli#Chhachhrauli_Fort" title="Chhachhrauli">Chhachhrauli Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhosi_Hill#Dhosi_Hill_Fort" title="Dhosi Hill">Dhosi Hill Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatehabad,_Haryana#Fatehabad_Fort_of_Firuz_Shah_Tuglaq" title="Fatehabad, Haryana">Fatehabad Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farrukhnagar#Farrukhnagar_Fort" title="Farrukhnagar">Farrukhnagar Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firoz_Shah_palace_complex" title="Firoz Shah palace complex">Hisar-e-Firoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanzada_Rajputs#Fort_Kotla" title="Khanzada Rajputs">Fort Kotla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanzada_Rajputs#Indor_Fort" title="Khanzada Rajputs">Indor Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jind_district#Jind_Fort" title="Jind district">Jind Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaithal#Kaithal_Fort" title="Kaithal">Kaithal Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnal#Fort_of_Gajpat_Singh.2C_Karnal" title="Karnal">Gajpat Singh Fort at Karnal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loharu#Loharu_Fort" title="Loharu">Loharu Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhogarh_Fort,_Haryana" title="Madhogarh Fort, Haryana">Madhogarh Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahendragarh_district#Mahendragarh_Fort" title="Mahendragarh district">Mahendragarh Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maham#Meham_Fort" title="Maham">Meham Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahar_Singh_Mahal" title="Nahar Singh Mahal">Nahar Singh Fort at Ballabhgargh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinjore#Pinjore_Fort" title="Pinjore">Pinjore Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raipur_Rani#Fort_of_Raipur_Rani" title="Raipur Rani">Raipur Rani Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirsa#Fort_of_King_Saras.2C_Sirsa" title="Sirsa">Fort of King Saras of Sirsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tosham#Tosham_Hill_Fort" title="Tosham">Tosham Hill Fort</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hills</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhosi_Hill" title="Dhosi Hill">Dhosi Hill near Narnaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanzada_Rajputs#Fort_Kotla" title="Khanzada Rajputs">Kotla Hill in Mewat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanzada_Rajputs#Indor_Fort" title="Khanzada Rajputs">Indor Hill in Mewat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhogarh_Fort,_Haryana" title="Madhogarh Fort, Haryana">Madhogarh Hill near Mahendragarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahendragarh_district#Mahendragarh_Fort" title="Mahendragarh district">Mahendragarh Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morni" title="Morni">Morni Hills in Yamunanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tosham_Hill_range" title="Tosham Hill range">Tosham Hill in Bhiwani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhosi_Hill" title="Dhosi Hill">Chyvan Rishi Cave at Dhosi Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tosham" title="Tosham">Tosham Hill Caverns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamunanagar_district#Nar_Narayan_Cave_Temple" title="Yamunanagar district">Nar Narayan Cave in Yamunanagar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhima_Devi_Temple_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhima Devi Temple Complex">Bhima Devi Temple Complex at Pinjore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhosi_Hill" title="Dhosi Hill">Dhosi Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farrukhnagar" title="Farrukhnagar">Farrukhnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalayat_Ancient_Bricks_Temple_Complex" title="Kalayat Ancient Bricks Temple Complex">Kalayat Ancient Bricks Temple Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnal#Mughal_Bridge" title="Karnal">Mughal Bridge at Kernal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra#Places_of_interest" title="Kurukshetra">Harsh ka Tilla at Kurukshetra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahar_Singh_Mahal" title="Nahar Singh Mahal">Nahar Singh Mahal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narnaul#Tourist_attractions" title="Narnaul">Narnaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pataudi_Palace" title="Pataudi Palace">Pataudi Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sthaneshwar_Mahadev_Temple" title="Sthaneshwar Mahadev Temple">Sthaneshwar Mahadev Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surajkund" title="Surajkund">Surajkund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaithal#Tomb_of_Sheikh_Tayyab" title="Kaithal">Tomb of Saikh Taiyab at Kaithal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tosham_rock_inscription" title="Tosham rock inscription">Tosham rock inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yadavindra_Gardens" title="Yadavindra Gardens">Yadavindra Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_State_Protected_Monuments_in_Haryana" title="List of State Protected Monuments in Haryana">State Protected Monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Monuments_of_National_Importance_in_Haryana" title="List of Monuments of National Importance in Haryana">Monuments of National Importance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_Haryana" title="List of protected areas of Haryana">Protected areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abubshahar_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Abubshahar Wildlife Sanctuary">Abubshahar Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhindawas_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary">Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir_Shikargah_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary">Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhilchhila_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary">Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalesar_National_Park" title="Kalesar National Park">Kalesar National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaparwas_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary">Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khol_Hi-Raitan_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary">Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morni" title="Morni">Morni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahar_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary">Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Saraswati Wildlife Sanctuary">Saraswati Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohna" title="Sohna">Sohna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanpur_National_Park" title="Sultanpur National Park">Sultanpur Lake Bird Sanctuary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Endangered wildlife breeding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinkara_Breeding_Centre_Kairu,_Bhiwani" title="Chinkara Breeding Centre Kairu, Bhiwani">Chinkara Breeding Centre Kairu, Bhiwani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_Breeding_Centre,_Kurukshetra" title="Crocodile Breeding Centre, Kurukshetra">Crocodile Breeding Centre, Kurukshetra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Park,_Hisar" title="Deer Park, Hisar">Deer Park, Hisar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalesar_National_Park#Elephants" title="Kalesar National Park">Kalesar Elephant Rehabilitation Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pheasant_Breeding_Centre,_Morni" title="Pheasant Breeding Centre, Morni">Pheasant Breeding Centre, Morni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pheasant_Breeding_Centre,_Berwala" title="Pheasant Breeding Centre, Berwala">Pheasant Breeding Centre, Berwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peacock_%26_Chinkara_Breeding_Centre,_Jhabua" title="Peacock & Chinkara Breeding Centre, Jhabua">Peacock & Chinkara Breeding Centre, Jhabua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatayu_Conservation_Breeding_Centre,_Pinjore#Sparrow_Rescue_and_Research_Centre_(SRRCP)" title="Jatayu Conservation Breeding Centre, Pinjore">Sparrow Conservation Centre, Pinjore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulture_Conservation_and_Breeding_Centre,_Pinjore" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulture Conservation and Breeding Centre, Pinjore">Vulture and Sparrow Conservation and Breeding Centre, Pinjore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zoos_of_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoos of Haryana">Zoos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mini_Zoo,_Bhiwani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mini Zoo, Bhiwani (page does not exist)">Bhiwani Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Park,_Hisar" title="Deer Park, Hisar">Hisar Deer Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohtak_Zoo" title="Rohtak Zoo">Rohtak Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini_Zoo_%26_Black_Buck_Breeding_Centre,_Pipli" title="Mini Zoo & Black Buck Breeding Centre, Pipli"> Pipli Zoo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_Haryana##Herbal_parks" title="List of protected areas of Haryana">Herbal parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shatavar_Vatika_Herbal_Park,_Hisar" title="Shatavar Vatika Herbal Park, Hisar">Shatavar Vatika Herbal Park, Hisar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch._Surender_Singh_Memorial_Herbal_Park,_Tosham" title="Ch. Surender Singh Memorial Herbal Park, Tosham">Ch. Surender Singh Memorial Herbal Park, Tosham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch._Surender_Singh_Memorial_Herbal_Park,_Kairu" title="Ch. Surender Singh Memorial Herbal Park, Kairu">Ch. Surender Singh Memorial Herbal Park, Kairu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch._Devi_Lal_Herbal_Nature_Park" title="Ch. Devi Lal Herbal Nature Park">Ch. Devi Lal Herbal Nature Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badkhal_Lake" title="Badkhal Lake">Badkhal Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Bird_Lake" title="Blue Bird Lake">Blue Bird Lake at Hisar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damdama_Lake" title="Damdama Lake">Damdama Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karna_Lake" title="Karna Lake">Karna Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilyar_Lake" title="Tilyar Lake">Tilyar Lake at Rohtak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Dams_in_Haryana" title="Category:Dams in Haryana">Dams</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anangpur_Dam" title="Anangpur Dam">Anangpur Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathni_Kund_Barrage" title="Hathni Kund Barrage">Hathni Kund Barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaushalya_Dam" title="Kaushalya Dam">Kaushalya Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masani_barrage" title="Masani barrage">Masani barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottu_barrage" title="Ottu barrage">Ottu barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palla_barrage" title="Palla barrage">Palla barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathrala_barrage" title="Pathrala barrage">Pathrala barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajewala_Barrage" title="Tajewala Barrage">Tajewala Barrage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Haryana" title="Category:Rivers of Haryana">Rivers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chautang" title="Chautang">Chautang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaggar-Hakra_River" title="Ghaggar-Hakra River">Ghaggar-Hakra River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markanda_River_(Haryana)" title="Markanda River (Haryana)">Markanda River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Najafgarh_drain" title="Najafgarh drain">Najafgarh_drain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahibi_River" title="Sahibi River">Sahibi River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarasvati_River" title="Sarasvati River">Sarasvati River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Badri,_Haryana" title="Adi Badri, Haryana">Adi Badri, Haryana</a> Sarsvati udgam sthal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agroha_Dham" title="Agroha Dham">Agroha Dham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Thakur" title="Baba Thakur">Baba Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banbhori" title="Banbhori">Banbhori Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sarovar" title="Brahma Sarovar">Brahma Sarovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhuteshwar_Temple" title="Bhuteshwar Temple">Bhuteshwar Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayanti_Devi_Temple" title="Jayanti Devi Temple">Jayanti Devi Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotisar" title="Jyotisar">Jyotisar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya_Temple,_Pehowa" title="Kartikeya Temple, Pehowa">Kartikeya Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markandeshwar" title="Markandeshwar">Markandeshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mata_Mansa_Devi_Mandir" title="Mata Mansa Devi Mandir">Mata Mansa Devi Mandir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nada_Sahib" title="Nada Sahib">Nada Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naugaja_Peer" title="Naugaja Peer">Naugaja Peer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindara_Temple" title="Pindara Temple">Pindara Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannihit_Sarovar" title="Sannihit Sarovar">Sannihit Sarovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita_Mai_Temple" title="Sita Mai Temple">Sita Mai Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sthaneshwar_Mahadev_Temple" title="Sthaneshwar Mahadev Temple">Sthaneshwar Mahadev Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheetla_Mata_Mandir_Gurgaon" title="Sheetla Mata Mandir Gurgaon">Sheetla Mata Mandir Gurgaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_Church,_Hisar" title="St. Thomas Church, Hisar">St. Thomas' Church at Hisar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Punjab_and_Haryana_High_Court" title="Punjab and Haryana High Court">High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Legislative_Assembly" title="Haryana Legislative Assembly">Legislative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raj_Bhavan,_Haryana" title="Raj Bhavan, Haryana">Raj Bhavan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dreams" title="Kingdom of Dreams">Kingdom of Dreams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mall_of_India" title="Mall of India">Mall of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Oberoi,_Gurgaon" title="The Oberoi, Gurgaon">The Oberoi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extreme corners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Easternmost point: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalesar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalesar (page does not exist)">Kalesar</a> village <a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a> riverbank in <a href="/wiki/Yamunanagar_district" title="Yamunanagar district">Yamunanagar district</a> </li> <li>Westernmost point: <a href="/wiki/Chautala,_Sirsa" title="Chautala, Sirsa">Chautala</a>–<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sangari,_Rajasthan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sangari, Rajasthan (page does not exist)">Sangari</a> border road crossing in <a href="/wiki/Sirsa_district" title="Sirsa district">Sirsa district</a> </li> <li>Southernmost point: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kol_Gaon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kol Gaon (page does not exist)">Kol Gaon</a> hill in Ferozepur Jhirka tehsil of <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon district</a> </li> <li>Northernmost point: <a href="/wiki/Khokhra" title="Khokhra">Khokhra</a> village riverbank north of Chandigarh–Baddi river bridge in <a href="/wiki/Panchkula_district" title="Panchkula district">Panchkula district</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Highest and lowest</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Highest point: <a href="/wiki/Karoh_Peak" title="Karoh Peak">Karoh Peak</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sivalik_Hills" title="Sivalik Hills">Sivalik Hills</a> of <a href="/wiki/Panchkula_district" title="Panchkula district">Panchkula district</a> </li> <li>Lowest natural surface elevation point: </li> <li>Deepest underground cave: </li> <li>Coldest avg temp: <a href="/wiki/Karoh_Peak" title="Karoh Peak">Karoh Peak</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sivalik_Hills" title="Sivalik Hills">Sivalik Hills</a> of <a href="/wiki/Panchkula_district" title="Panchkula district">Panchkula district</a> </li> <li>Hottest avg temp: <a href="/wiki/Hisar_(city)" title="Hisar (city)">Hisar</a> </li> <li>Wettest avg rainfall: <a href="/wiki/Morni" title="Morni">Morni</a> hills in <a href="/wiki/Sivalik_Hills" title="Sivalik Hills">Sivalik Hills</a> of <a href="/wiki/Panchkula_district" title="Panchkula district">Panchkula district</a> </li> <li>Driest avg rainfall: <a href="/wiki/Bhiwani" title="Bhiwani">Bhiwani</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oldest</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Oldest archaeological site: <a href="/wiki/Rakhigarhi" title="Rakhigarhi">Rakhigarhi</a> 4700 BC or 6700 years old <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Indus Valley Civilisation</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hisar district</a> </li> <li>Oldest archaeological mine site: <a href="/wiki/Kaliyana" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaliyana">Kaliyana</a> hill <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Indus Valley Civilisation</a> stone mine (3000 BC or 5000 years old) west of <a href="/wiki/Charkhi_Dadri" title="Charkhi Dadri">Charkhi Dadri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Government_and_politics232" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Haryana" title="Government of Haryana">Government</a> and <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Haryana" title="Politics of Haryana">politics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Haryana" title="Elections in Haryana">Elections in Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Indian_general_election_in_Haryana" title="1991 Indian general election in Haryana">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Indian_general_election_in_Haryana" title="1996 Indian general election in Haryana">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Indian_general_election_in_Haryana" title="1998 Indian general election in Haryana">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Indian_general_election_in_Haryana" title="1999 Indian general election in Haryana">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Indian_general_election_in_Haryana" title="2004 Indian general election in Haryana">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Indian_general_election_in_Haryana" title="2009 Indian general election in Haryana">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Indian_general_election_in_Haryana" title="2014 Indian general election in Haryana">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Indian_general_election_in_Haryana" title="2019 Indian general election in Haryana">2019</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_chief_ministers_of_Haryana" title="List of chief ministers of Haryana">Chief ministers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banarsi_Das_Gupta" title="Banarsi Das Gupta">Banarsi Das Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birender_Singh_(politician,_born_1921)" title="Birender Singh (politician, born 1921)">Rao Birender Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bansi_Lal" title="Bansi Lal">Bansi Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagwat_Dayal_Sharma" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagwat Dayal Sharma">Bhagwat Dayal Sharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan_Lal_Bishnoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhajan Lal Bishnoi">Bhajan Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devi_Lal" title="Devi Lal">Devi Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om_Prakash_Chautala" title="Om Prakash Chautala">Om Prakash Chautala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukam_Singh_(Haryana_politician)" title="Hukam Singh (Haryana politician)">Hukam Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupinder_Singh_Hooda" title="Bhupinder Singh Hooda">Bhupinder Singh Hooda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manohar_Lal_Khattar" title="Manohar Lal Khattar">Manohar Lal Khattar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Haryana" title="List of governors of Haryana">Governors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharma_Vira" title="Dharma Vira">Dharma Vira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birendra_Narayan_Chakraborty" title="Birendra Narayan Chakraborty">Birendra Narayan Chakraborty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranjit_Singh_Narula" title="Ranjit Singh Narula">Ranjit Singh Narula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaisukhlal_Hathi" title="Jaisukhlal Hathi">Jaisukhlal Hathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harcharan_Singh_Brar" title="Harcharan Singh Brar">Harcharan Singh Brar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surjit_Singh_Sandhawalia" title="Surjit Singh Sandhawalia">Surjit Singh Sandhawalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganpatrao_Devji_Tapase" title="Ganpatrao Devji Tapase">Ganpatrao Devji Tapase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._M._H._Burney" title="S. M. H. Burney">Saiyid Muzaffar Husain Burney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Anand_Barari" title="Hari Anand Barari">Hari Anand Barari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhanik_Lal_Mandal" title="Dhanik Lal Mandal">Dhanik Lal Mandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahaveer_Prasad" title="Mahaveer Prasad">Mahaveer Prasad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babu_Parmanand" title="Babu Parmanand">Babu Parmanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om_Prakash_Verma" class="mw-redirect" title="Om Prakash Verma">Om Prakash Verma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhlaqur_Rahman_Kidwai" title="Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai">Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath_Pahadia" title="Jagannath Pahadia">Jagannath Pahadia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaptan_Singh_Solanki" title="Kaptan Singh Solanki">Kaptan Singh Solanki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:State_agencies_of_Haryana" title="Category:State agencies of Haryana">State agencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dakshin_Haryana_Bijli_Vitran_Nigam" title="Dakshin Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam">Dakshin Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debt_Conciliation_Board" title="Debt Conciliation Board">Debt Conciliation Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DD_Haryana" title="DD Haryana">Doordarshan Haryana</a></li> <li>Foreign Investment and NRI Cell</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forests_Department,_Haryana" title="Forests Department, Haryana">Forests Department, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Economic_and_Statistical_Analysis,_Haryana" title="Department of Economic and Statistical Analysis, Haryana">Department of Economic and Statistical Analysis, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Environment,_Haryana" title="Department of Environment, Haryana">Department of Environment, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Excise_%26_Taxation,_Haryana" title="Department of Excise & Taxation, Haryana">Department of Excise & Taxation, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Finance,_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Finance, Haryana">Department of Finance, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Industries_%26_Commerce,_Haryana" title="Department of Industries & Commerce, Haryana">Department of Industries & Commerce, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Industrial_Training_%26_Vocational_Education,_Haryana" title="Department of Industrial Training & Vocational Education, Haryana">Department of Industrial Training & Vocational Education, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Institutional_Finance_%26_Credit_Control,_Haryana" title="Department of Institutional Finance & Credit Control, Haryana">Department of Institutional Finance & Credit Control, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Labour_and_Employment_(Haryana)" title="Department of Labour and Employment (Haryana)">Department of Labour and Employment (Haryana)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Land_records_%26_Consolidation,_Haryana" title="Department of Land records & Consolidation, Haryana">Department of Land records & Consolidation, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Revenue_and_Disaster_Management,_Haryana" title="Department of Revenue and Disaster Management, Haryana">Department of Revenue and Disaster Management, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Rehabilitation,_Haryana" title="Department of Rehabilitation, Haryana">Department of Rehabilitation, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Higher_Education_(Haryana)" title="Department of Higher Education (Haryana)">Department of Higher Education (Haryana)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_School_Education,_Haryana" title="Department of School Education, Haryana">Department of School Education, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Elementary_Education,_Haryana" title="Department of Elementary Education, Haryana">Department of Elementary Education, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Board_of_School_Education" title="Haryana Board of School Education">Haryana Board of School Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Civil_Medical_Services" title="Haryana Civil Medical Services">Haryana Civil Medical Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Environment_Protection_Council" title="Haryana Environment Protection Council">Haryana Environment Protection Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Land_Record_Information_System" title="Haryana Land Record Information System">Haryana Land Record Information System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Power_Generation_Corporation" title="Haryana Power Generation Corporation">Haryana Power Generation Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Police" title="Haryana Police">Haryana Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Roadways" title="Haryana Roadways">Haryana Roadways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Seeds_Development_Corporation" title="Haryana Seeds Development Corporation">Haryana Seeds Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_State_Directorate_of_Archaeology_%26_Museums" title="Haryana State Directorate of Archaeology & Museums">Haryana State Directorate of Archaeology & Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_State_Legal_Services_Authority,_Haryana" title="Haryana State Legal Services Authority, Haryana">Haryana State Legal Services Authority, Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Tourism_Corporation" title="Haryana Tourism Corporation">Haryana Tourism Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Urban_Development_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Haryana Urban Development Authority">Haryana Urban Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Waqf_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Haryana Waqf Board">Haryana Waqf Board</a></li> <li>State Counselling Board, Haryana</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Haryana_Bijli_Vitran_Nigam" title="Uttar Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam">Uttar Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Sports99" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sport_in_Haryana" title="Category:Sport in Haryana">Sports</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sports_venues_in_Haryana" title="Category:Sports venues in Haryana">Venues</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaudhary_Bansi_Lal_Cricket_Stadium" title="Chaudhary Bansi Lal Cricket Stadium">Chaudhary Bansi Lal Cricket Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahar_Singh_Stadium" title="Nahar Singh Stadium">Nahar Singh Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Devi_Lal_Stadium" title="Tau Devi Lal Stadium">Tau Devi Lal Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sector_16_Stadium" title="Sector 16 Stadium">Sector 16 Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahabir_Stadium" title="Mahabir Stadium">Mahabir Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_Cricket_Association" title="Haryana Cricket Association">Haryana Cricket Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_cricket_team" title="Haryana cricket team">Haryana cricket team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana_football_team" title="Haryana football team">Haryana football team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhiwani_Boxing_Club" title="Bhiwani Boxing Club">Bhiwani Boxing Club</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/20px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/40px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">Portal:India</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Haryana" title="Category:Haryana">Category: Haryana</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Haryana" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Haryana">Wikiproject: Haryana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="States_and_union_territories_of_India446" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="Template:States 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0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh" title="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghalaya" title="Meghalaya">Meghalaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagaland" title="Nagaland">Nagaland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Union_territory" title="Union territory">Union territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands" title="Andaman and Nicobar Islands">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli_and_Daman_and_Diu" title="Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu">Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(union_territory)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)">Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladakh" title="Ladakh">Ladakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshadweep" title="Lakshadweep">Lakshadweep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puducherry_(union_territory)" title="Puducherry (union territory)">Puducherry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India" title="List of state and union territory capitals in India">Capitals in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_administrative_divisions_of_India" title="Autonomous administrative divisions of India">Autonomous administrative divisions of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_states_and_union_territories_of_India" title="Proposed states and union territories of India">Proposed states and union territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Historical_Indian_regions" title="Category:Historical Indian regions">Historical Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Presidencies_of_British_India" title="Category:Presidencies of British India">British Provinces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link 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this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/246175085">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td 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