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id="toc-Early_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-London_and_theatrical_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#London_and_theatrical_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>London and theatrical career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-London_and_theatrical_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_years_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_years_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Later years and death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_years_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Plays</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Plays-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Plays subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Plays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Classification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Classification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Performances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Performances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Textual_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Textual_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Textual sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Textual_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Poems</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Poems-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Poems subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Poems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sonnets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sonnets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Sonnets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sonnets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Style</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Critical_reputation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_reputation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Critical reputation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_reputation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Speculation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speculation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Speculation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Speculation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Speculation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Speculation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Authorship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Authorship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Authorship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Authorship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexuality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexuality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Sexuality</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexuality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portraiture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portraiture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Portraiture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portraiture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">William Shakespeare</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 223 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-223" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">223 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Уилиям Шекспир – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Уилиям Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Шекспир, Уильям – Southern Altai" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Шекспир, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Southern Altai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%BC%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%B5%E1%8D%92%E1%88%AD" title="ሼክስፒር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሼክስፒር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="विलियम शेक्सपीयर – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="विलियम शेक्सपीयर" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willelm_S%C4%8Bacaspere" title="Willelm Sċacaspere – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Willelm Sċacaspere" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Шекспир, Уильиам – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Шекспир, Уильиам" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="وليم شكسبير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وليم شكسبير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A8%D5%B4_%D5%87%D5%A7%D5%B5%D6%84%D5%BD%D6%83%D5%AB%D6%80" title="Ուիլիըմ Շէյքսփիր – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ուիլիըմ Շէյքսփիր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A7%B0" title="উইলিয়াম শ্বেইকছপীয়েৰ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="উইলিয়াম শ্বেইকছপীয়েৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="विलियम शेक्सपियर – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="विलियम शेक्सपियर" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Шекспир, Вильям – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Шекспир, Вильям" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilyam_%C5%9Eekspir" title="Vilyam Şekspir – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vilyam Şekspir" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="ویلیام شکسپیر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویلیام شکسپیر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B0" title="উইলিয়াম শেকসপিয়র – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইলিয়াম শেকসপিয়র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Уильям Шекспир – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Уильям Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%80" title="Уільям Шэкспір – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Уільям Шэкспір" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8E%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%80" title="Ўільям Шэксьпір – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ўільям Шэксьпір" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="शेक्सपियर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="शेक्सपियर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Уилям Шекспир – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уилям Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9E%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཞེ་ཁུ་སི་པེར། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཞེ་ཁུ་སི་པེར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Уильям Шекспир – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Уильям Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Уильям Шекспир – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Уильям Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="ويليام شيكسپير – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ويليام شيكسپير" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="विलियम शेक्सपियर – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="विलियम शेक्सपियर" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BC_%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%BE%CF%80%CE%B7%CF%81" title="Ουίλλιαμ Σαίξπηρ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ουίλλιαμ Σαίξπηρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Шекспир, Уильям – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Шекспир, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="ویلیام شکسپیر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویلیام شکسپیر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%8E%E5%A3%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="莎士比亞 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="莎士比亞" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EC%85%B0%EC%9D%B5%EC%8A%A4%ED%94%BC%EC%96%B4" title="윌리엄 셰익스피어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="윌리엄 셰익스피어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B4_%D5%87%D5%A5%D6%84%D5%BD%D5%BA%D5%AB%D6%80" title="Ուիլյամ Շեքսպիր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ուիլյամ Շեքսպիր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="विलियम शेक्सपीयर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विलियम शेक्सपीयर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Шекспир, Уильям – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Шекспир, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A8" title="ויליאם שייקספיר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויליאם שייקספיר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%82_%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D" title="ವಿಲಿಯಂ ಷೇಕ್ಸ್‌ಪಿಯರ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಲಿಯಂ ಷೇಕ್ಸ್‌ಪಿಯರ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Шекспир, Уильям – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Шекспир, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="უილიამ შექსპირი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="უილიამ შექსპირი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%90%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%8E%D9%85_%D8%B4%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%90%DB%8C%D9%8E%D8%B1" title="وِلیَم شیکسپِیَر – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="وِلیَم شیکسپِیَر" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Уильям Шекспир – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Уильям Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Уильям Шекспир – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Уильям Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Шекспир, Уильям – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Шекспир, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulielmus_Shakesperius" title="Gulielmus Shakesperius – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gulielmus Shakesperius" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viljams_%C5%A0eksp%C4%ABrs" title="Viljams Šekspīrs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Viljams Šekspīrs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Вилиам Шекспир – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Вилиам Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/.uiliam._cekspir." title=".uiliam. cekspir. – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title=".uiliam. cekspir." data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="विलियम शेक्सपियर – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="विलियम शेक्सपियर" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Вилијам Шекспир – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Вилијам Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC" title="വില്യം ഷെയ്ക്സ്പിയർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വില്യം ഷെയ്ക്സ്പിയർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiremu_Hekipia" title="Wiremu Hekipia – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Wiremu Hekipia" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0" title="विल्यम शेक्सपिअर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विल्यम शेक्सपिअर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="უილიამ შექსპირი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="უილიამ შექსპირი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="ويليام شيكسبير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويليام شيكسبير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="ویلیام شکسپیر – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ویلیام شکسپیر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%9C%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%9D_%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9B%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%94" title="ꯋꯤꯜꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯌꯔ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯋꯤꯜꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯌꯔ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Уильям Шекспир – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Уильям Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ရှိတ်စပီးယား – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရှိတ်စပီးယား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="विलियम सेक्सपियर – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विलियम सेक्सपियर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="विलियम शेक्स्पियर – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="विलियम शेक्स्पियर" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%94%E3%82%A2" title="ウィリアム・シェイクスピア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウィリアム・シェイクスピア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Шекспир, Уильям – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Шекспир, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%B1%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%AE_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%B0" title="ୱିଲିଅମ ସେକ୍ସପିଅର – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ୱିଲିଅମ ସେକ୍ସପିଅର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0" title="ਵਿਲੀਅਮ ਸ਼ੇਕਸਪੀਅਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਲੀਅਮ ਸ਼ੇਕਸਪੀਅਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85_%D8%B4%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="ولیئم شیکسپیر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ولیئم شیکسپیر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%90%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%B4%DB%90%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="وېليم شېکسپيير – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="وېليم شېکسپيير" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiliam_Shiekspier" title="Wiliam Shiekspier – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Wiliam Shiekspier" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%98_%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%9A" title="វីលីម ហ្សេកស្ពែរ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វីលីម ហ្សេកស្ពែរ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilyam_%C5%9Eekspir" title="Vilyam Şekspir – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Vilyam Şekspir" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%80" title="Вільям Шекспір – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Вільям Шекспір" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Шекспир, Уильям – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шекспир, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Уиллиам Шэкспир – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Уиллиам Шэкспир" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuylan-Sasepiya%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E2%80%A2%E8%8E%8E%E5%A3%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="Wuylan-Sasepiya威廉•莎士比亞 – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Wuylan-Sasepiya威廉•莎士比亞" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="विलियम शेक्सपीयर – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="विलियम शेक्सपीयर" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A3%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2_%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8" title="ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱯᱤᱭᱚᱨ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱯᱤᱭᱚᱨ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_shakespeare" title="William shakespeare – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="William shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A" title="විලියම් ෂේක්ස්පියර් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විලියම් ෂේක්ස්පියර්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%B4%DB%8C%DA%AA%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%A6%D8%B1" title="ولیم شیڪسپیئر – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ولیم شیڪسپیئر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%DB%8E%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="ویلیام شێکسپیر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویلیام شێکسپیر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Виљем Шекспир – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Виљем Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="வில்லியம் சேக்சுபியர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வில்லியம் சேக்சுபியர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willyam_Ciksfir" title="Willyam Ciksfir – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Willyam Ciksfir" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Уильям Шекспир – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Уильям Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B5%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8" title="သျဵၵ်းသႃႇပီႇယႃး – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="သျဵၵ်းသႃႇပီႇယႃး" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82_%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="విలియం షేక్‌స్పియర్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="విలియం షేక్‌స్పియర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="วิลเลียม เชกสเปียร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิลเลียม เชกสเปียร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Вилям Шекспир – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Вилям Шекспир" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D" title="ಷೇಕ್ಸ್ ಪಿಯರ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಷೇಕ್ಸ್ ಪಿಯರ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wil%C3%BDam_%C5%9Eekspir" title="Wilýam Şekspir – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Wilýam Şekspir" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Шекспир, Уильям – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Шекспир, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%80" title="Вільям Шекспір – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вільям Шекспір" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%B4%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%A6%D8%B1" title="ولیم شیکسپیئر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ولیم شیکسپیئر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0eikspir_Uil%27jam" title="Šeikspir Uil'jam – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Šeikspir Uil'jam" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="William Shakespeare" 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Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="莎士比亞" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="William Shakespeare" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%8E%E5%A3%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="莎士比亞 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="莎士比亞" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a 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For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Shakespeare (disambiguation)">Shakespeare (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="William Shakespeare (disambiguation)">William Shakespeare (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">William Shakespeare</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor,_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg/220px-William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg/330px-William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg/440px-William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor%2C_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3059" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><span class="nowraplinks">The <a href="/wiki/Chandos_portrait" title="Chandos portrait">Chandos portrait</a>, likely depicting Shakespeare, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1611</span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1564-04-23</span>)</span>23 April 1564</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford-upon-Avon</a>, Warwickshire, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">23 April 1616<span style="display:none">(1616-04-23)</span> (aged 51–52)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Trinity,_Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Church of the Holy Trinity, Stratford-upon-Avon">Church of the Holy Trinity, Stratford-upon-Avon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Playwright</li><li>poet</li><li>actor</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1585–1613</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Era</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethan_era" title="Elizabethan era">Elizabethan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jacobean_era" title="Jacobean era">Jacobean</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Organisations</th><td class="infobox-data org"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Chamberlain%27s_Men" title="Lord Chamberlain's Men">Lord Chamberlain's Men</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Men_(playing_company)" title="King's Men (playing company)">King's Men</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Works</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_bibliography" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare bibliography">Shakespeare bibliography</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/English_Renaissance" title="English Renaissance">English Renaissance</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Anne_Hathaway_(wife_of_Shakespeare)" title="Anne Hathaway (wife of Shakespeare)">Anne Hathaway</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1582)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Susanna_Hall" title="Susanna Hall">Susanna Hall</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hamnet_Shakespeare" title="Hamnet Shakespeare">Hamnet Shakespeare</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Quiney" title="Judith Quiney">Judith Quiney</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare">John Shakespeare</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Shakespeare" title="Mary Shakespeare">Mary Arden</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Writing career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_English" title="Early Modern English">Early Modern English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Genres</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_plays" title="Shakespeare's plays">Play</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_comedy" title="Shakespearean comedy">comedy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_history" title="Shakespearean history">history</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_tragedy" title="Shakespearean tragedy">tragedy</a>)</li></ul></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Poetry (<a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_sonnets" title="Shakespeare's sonnets">sonnet</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_poetry" title="Narrative poetry">narrative poem</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Epitaph" title="Epitaph">epitaph</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Shakespeare_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/William_Shakespeare_Signature.svg/150px-William_Shakespeare_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/William_Shakespeare_Signature.svg/225px-William_Shakespeare_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/William_Shakespeare_Signature.svg/300px-William_Shakespeare_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="165" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>William Shakespeare</b> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 23<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> April 1564 – 23 April 1616)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an English <a href="/wiki/Playwright" title="Playwright">playwright</a>, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt200511_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt200511-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBevington20021–3_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBevington20021–3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWells1997399_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWells1997399-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is often called England's <a href="/wiki/National_poet" title="National poet">national poet</a> and the "<a href="/wiki/Bard" title="Bard">Bard</a> of <a href="/wiki/River_Avon,_Warwickshire" title="River Avon, Warwickshire">Avon</a>" (or simply "the Bard"). His extant works, including <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare%27s_collaborations" title="William Shakespeare's collaborations">collaborations</a>, consist of some <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_plays" title="Shakespeare's plays">39 plays</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_sonnets" title="Shakespeare's sonnets">154 sonnets</a>, three long <a href="/wiki/Narrative_poem" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrative poem">narrative poems</a> and a few other verses, some of uncertain authorship. His plays <a href="/wiki/List_of_translations_of_works_by_William_Shakespeare" title="List of translations of works by William Shakespeare">have been translated</a> into every major <a href="/wiki/Modern_language" title="Modern language">living language</a> and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECraig20033_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECraig20033-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare remains arguably the most influential writer in the English language, and his works continue to be studied and reinterpreted. </p><p>Shakespeare was born and raised in <a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford-upon-Avon</a>, Warwickshire. At the age of 18, he married <a href="/wiki/Anne_Hathaway_(wife_of_Shakespeare)" title="Anne Hathaway (wife of Shakespeare)">Anne Hathaway</a>, with whom he had three children: <a href="/wiki/Susanna_Hall" title="Susanna Hall">Susanna</a>, and twins <a href="/wiki/Hamnet_Shakespeare" title="Hamnet Shakespeare">Hamnet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Judith_Quiney" title="Judith Quiney">Judith</a>. Sometime between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and <a href="/wiki/Shareholder" title="Shareholder">part-owner</a> ("sharer") of a <a href="/wiki/Playing_company" title="Playing company">playing company</a> called the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chamberlain%27s_Men" title="Lord Chamberlain's Men">Lord Chamberlain's Men</a>, later known as the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Men_(playing_company)" title="King's Men (playing company)">King's Men</a> after the ascension of <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">King James VI of Scotland</a> to the English throne. At age 49 (around 1613), he appears to have retired to Stratford, where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive; this has stimulated considerable speculation about such matters as <a href="/wiki/Portraits_of_Shakespeare" title="Portraits of Shakespeare">his physical appearance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sexuality_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Sexuality of William Shakespeare">his sexuality</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Religious views of William Shakespeare">his religious beliefs</a> and even certain <a href="/wiki/Fringe_theory" title="Fringe theory">fringe theories</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as to whether the works attributed to him were <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_authorship_question" title="Shakespeare authorship question">written by others</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005xvii–xviii_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005xvii–xviii-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum199141,_66,_397–398,_402,_409_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum199141,_66,_397–398,_402,_409-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaylor1990145,_210–223,_261–265_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaylor1990145,_210–223,_261–265-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChambers1930a270–271_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChambers1930a270–271-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaylor1987109–134_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaylor1987109–134-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His early plays were primarily <a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_comedy" title="Shakespearean comedy">comedies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_history" title="Shakespearean history">histories</a> and are regarded as some of the best works produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly <a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_tragedy" title="Shakespearean tragedy">tragedies</a> until 1608, among them <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Othello" title="Othello">Othello</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear" title="King Lear">King Lear</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a></i>, all considered to be among the finest works in English.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt200511_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt200511-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBevington20021–3_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBevington20021–3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWells1997399_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWells1997399-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the last phase of his life, he wrote <a href="/wiki/Tragicomedy" title="Tragicomedy">tragicomedies</a> (also known as <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_late_romances" title="Shakespeare's late romances">romances</a>) such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Winter%27s_Tale" title="The Winter's Tale">The Winter's Tale</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest" title="The Tempest">The Tempest</a></i>, and collaborated with other playwrights. </p><p>Many of Shakespeare's plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. However, in 1623, <a href="/wiki/John_Heminges" title="John Heminges">John Heminges</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Condell" title="Henry Condell">Henry Condell</a>, two fellow actors and friends of Shakespeare's, published a more definitive text known as the <a href="/wiki/First_Folio" title="First Folio">First Folio</a>, a posthumous collected edition of Shakespeare's dramatic works that includes 36 of his plays. Its Preface was a prescient poem by <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a>, a former rival of Shakespeare, who hailed Shakespeare with the now famous epithet: "not of an age, but for all time".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblattAbrams20121168_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblattAbrams20121168-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Life_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Life of William Shakespeare">Life of William Shakespeare</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Shakespeares_birthplace,_Stratford-upon-Avon_26l2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/William_Shakespeares_birthplace%2C_Stratford-upon-Avon_26l2007.jpg/220px-William_Shakespeares_birthplace%2C_Stratford-upon-Avon_26l2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/William_Shakespeares_birthplace%2C_Stratford-upon-Avon_26l2007.jpg/330px-William_Shakespeares_birthplace%2C_Stratford-upon-Avon_26l2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/William_Shakespeares_birthplace%2C_Stratford-upon-Avon_26l2007.jpg/440px-William_Shakespeares_birthplace%2C_Stratford-upon-Avon_26l2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="435" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare">John Shakespeare</a>'s house, believed to be <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Birthplace" title="Shakespeare's Birthplace">Shakespeare's birthplace</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford-upon-Avon</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Shakespeare was the son of <a href="/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare">John Shakespeare</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Alderman" title="Alderman">alderman</a> and a successful glover (glove-maker) originally from <a href="/wiki/Snitterfield" title="Snitterfield">Snitterfield</a> in <a href="/wiki/Warwickshire" title="Warwickshire">Warwickshire</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mary_Shakespeare" title="Mary Shakespeare">Mary Arden</a>, the daughter of an <a href="/wiki/Arden_family" title="Arden family">affluent landowning family</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198714–22_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198714–22-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was born in <a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford-upon-Avon</a>, where he was <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">baptised</a> on 26 April 1564. His date of birth is unknown but is traditionally observed on 23 April, <a href="/wiki/Saint_George%27s_Day" title="Saint George's Day">Saint George's Day</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198724–26_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198724–26-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This date, which can be traced to <a href="/wiki/William_Oldys" title="William Oldys">William Oldys</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Steevens" title="George Steevens">George Steevens</a>, has proved appealing to biographers because Shakespeare died on the same date in 1616.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198724,_296_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198724,_296-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan199815–16_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan199815–16-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the third of eight children, and the eldest surviving son.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198723–24_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198723–24-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although no attendance records for the period survive, most biographers agree that Shakespeare was probably educated at the <a href="/wiki/King_Edward_VI_School,_Stratford-upon-Avon" title="King Edward VI School, Stratford-upon-Avon">King's New School</a> in Stratford,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198762–63_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198762–63-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd200653_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd200653-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xv–xvi_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xv–xvi-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a free school chartered in 1553,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaldwin1944464_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaldwin1944464-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> about a quarter-mile (400 m) from his home. <a href="/wiki/Grammar_school" title="Grammar school">Grammar schools</a> varied in quality during the Elizabethan era, but grammar school curricula were largely similar: the basic <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> text was standardised by royal decree,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaldwin1944179–180,_183_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaldwin1944179–180,_183-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECressy197528–29_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECressy197528–29-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the school would have provided an intensive education in grammar based upon Latin <a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">classical</a> authors.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaldwin1944117_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaldwin1944117-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the age of 18, Shakespeare married 26-year-old <a href="/wiki/Anne_Hathaway_(Shakespeare%27s_wife)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne Hathaway (Shakespeare's wife)">Anne Hathaway</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Consistory_court" title="Consistory court">consistory court</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Worcester" title="Anglican Diocese of Worcester">Diocese of Worcester</a> issued a marriage licence on 27 November 1582. The next day, two of Hathaway's neighbours posted bonds guaranteeing that no lawful claims impeded the marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198777–78_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198777–78-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ceremony may have been arranged in some haste since the Worcester <a href="/wiki/Chancellor" title="Chancellor">chancellor</a> allowed the <a href="/wiki/Banns_of_marriage" title="Banns of marriage">marriage banns</a> to be read once instead of the usual three times,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood200384_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood200384-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198778–79_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198778–79-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and six months after the marriage Anne gave birth to a daughter, <a href="/wiki/Susanna_Hall" title="Susanna Hall">Susanna</a>, baptised 26 May 1583.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage93_93]_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage93_93]-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Twins, son <a href="/wiki/Hamnet_Shakespeare" title="Hamnet Shakespeare">Hamnet</a> and daughter <a href="/wiki/Judith_Quiney" title="Judith Quiney">Judith</a>, followed almost two years later and were baptised 2 February 1585.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage94_94]_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage94_94]-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hamnet died of unknown causes at the age of 11 and was buried 11 August 1596.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage224_224]_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage224_224]-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William-Shakespeare_CoA_1602.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/William-Shakespeare_CoA_1602.jpg/170px-William-Shakespeare_CoA_1602.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/William-Shakespeare_CoA_1602.jpg/255px-William-Shakespeare_CoA_1602.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/William-Shakespeare_CoA_1602.jpg/340px-William-Shakespeare_CoA_1602.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1213" data-file-height="1788" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_coat_of_arms" title="Shakespeare coat of arms">Shakespeare's coat of arms</a>, from the 1602 book <i>The book of coates and creasts. Promptuarium armorum.</i> It features spears as a <a href="/wiki/Canting_arms" title="Canting arms">pun</a> on the family name.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>After the birth of the twins, Shakespeare left few historical traces until he is mentioned as part of the London theatre scene in 1592. The exception is the appearance of his name in the "complaints bill" of a law case before the Queen's Bench court at Westminster dated <a href="/wiki/Michaelmas_Term" class="mw-redirect" title="Michaelmas Term">Michaelmas Term</a> 1588 and 9 October 1589.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBate2008314_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBate2008314-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholars refer to the years between 1585 and 1592 as Shakespeare's "lost years".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage95_95]_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage95_95]-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Biographers attempting to account for this period have reported many <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/apocryphal" class="extiw" title="wikt:apocryphal">apocryphal</a> stories. <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Rowe_(writer)" title="Nicholas Rowe (writer)">Nicholas Rowe</a>, Shakespeare's first biographer, recounted a Stratford legend that Shakespeare fled the town for London to escape prosecution for deer <a href="/wiki/Poaching" title="Poaching">poaching</a> in the estate of local squire <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lucy" title="Thomas Lucy">Thomas Lucy</a>. Shakespeare is also supposed to have taken his revenge on Lucy by writing a scurrilous ballad about him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198797–108_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198797–108-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERowe170916–17,_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERowe170916–17,-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another 18th-century story has Shakespeare starting his theatrical career minding the horses of theatre patrons in London.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987144–145_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987144–145-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_Aubrey" title="John Aubrey">John Aubrey</a> reported that Shakespeare had been a country schoolmaster.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987110–111_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987110–111-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some 20th-century scholars suggested that Shakespeare may have been employed as a schoolmaster by Alexander Hoghton of <a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a>, a Catholic landowner who named a certain "William Shakeshafte" in his will.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonigmann19981_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonigmann19981-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xvii_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xvii-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Little evidence substantiates such stories other than <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hearsay" class="extiw" title="wikt:hearsay">hearsay</a> collected after his death, and Shakeshafte was a common name in the Lancashire area.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonigmann199895–117_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonigmann199895–117-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood200397–109_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood200397–109-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="London_and_theatrical_career">London and theatrical career</h3></div> <p>It is not known definitively when Shakespeare began writing, but contemporary allusions and records of performances show that several of his plays were on the London stage by 1592.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChambers1930a287,_292_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChambers1930a287,_292-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By then, he was sufficiently known in London to be attacked in print by the playwright <a href="/wiki/Robert_Greene_(dramatist)" title="Robert Greene (dramatist)">Robert Greene</a> in his <i><a href="/wiki/Greene%27s_Groats-Worth_of_Wit" title="Greene's Groats-Worth of Wit">Groats-Worth of Wit</a></i> from that year: </p> <blockquote><p>... there is an upstart Crow, beautified with our feathers, that with his <i>Tiger's heart wrapped in a Player's hide</i>, supposes he is as well able to bombast out a blank verse as the best of you: and being an absolute <i>Johannes factotum</i>, is in his own conceit the only Shake-scene in a country.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005213_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005213-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Scholars differ on the exact meaning of Greene's words,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005213_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005213-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage153_153]_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage153_153]-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but most agree that Greene was accusing Shakespeare of reaching above his rank in trying to match such university-educated writers as <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Marlowe" title="Christopher Marlowe">Christopher Marlowe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nashe" title="Thomas Nashe">Thomas Nashe</a>, and Greene himself (the so-called "<a href="/wiki/University_Wits" title="University Wits">University Wits</a>").<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006176_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006176-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The italicised phrase parodying the line "Oh, tiger's heart wrapped in a woman's hide" from Shakespeare's <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_3" title="Henry VI, Part 3">Henry VI, Part 3</a></i>, along with the pun "Shake-scene", clearly identify Shakespeare as Greene's target. As used here, <i><a href="/wiki/Jack_of_all_trades,_master_of_none" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack of all trades, master of none">Johannes Factotum</a></i> ("Jack of all trades") refers to a second-rate tinkerer with the work of others, rather than the more common "universal genius".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005213_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005213-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987151–153_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987151–153-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Greene's attack is the earliest surviving mention of Shakespeare's work in the theatre. Biographers suggest that his career may have begun any time from the mid-1580s to just before Greene's remarks.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWells200628_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWells200628-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987144–146_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987144–146-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChambers1930a59_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChambers1930a59-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After 1594, Shakespeare's plays were performed at <a href="/wiki/The_Theatre" title="The Theatre">The Theatre</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Shoreditch" title="Shoreditch">Shoreditch</a>, only by the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chamberlain%27s_Men" title="Lord Chamberlain's Men">Lord Chamberlain's Men</a>, a company owned by a group of players, including Shakespeare, that soon became the leading <a href="/wiki/Playing_company" title="Playing company">playing company</a> in London.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage184_184]_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage184_184]-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the death of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Queen Elizabeth</a> in 1603, the company was awarded a royal patent by the new <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">King James I</a>, and changed its name to the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Men_(playing_company)" title="King's Men (playing company)">King's Men</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChambers1923208–209_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChambers1923208–209-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style=";"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <div class="poem"> <p>All the world's a stage,<br /> and all the men and women merely players:<br /> they have their exits and their entrances;<br /> and one man in his time plays many parts ... </p> </div> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">—<i><a href="/wiki/As_You_Like_It" title="As You Like It">As You Like It</a></i>, Act II, Scene 7, 139–142<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005666_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005666-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>In 1599, a partnership of members of the company built their own theatre on the south bank of the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a>, which they named the <a href="/wiki/Globe_Theatre" title="Globe Theatre">Globe</a>. In 1608, the partnership also took over the <a href="/wiki/Blackfriars_Theatre" title="Blackfriars Theatre">Blackfriars indoor theatre</a>. Extant records of Shakespeare's property purchases and investments indicate that his association with the company made him a wealthy man,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChambers1930b67–71_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChambers1930b67–71-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 1597, he bought the second-largest house in Stratford, <a href="/wiki/New_Place" title="New Place">New Place</a>, and in 1605, invested in a share of the parish <a href="/wiki/Tithes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tithes">tithes</a> in Stratford.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBentley196136_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBentley196136-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some of Shakespeare's plays were published in <a href="/wiki/Quarto_(binding)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quarto (binding)">quarto</a> editions, beginning in 1594, and by 1598, his name had become a selling point and began to appear on the <a href="/wiki/Title_page" title="Title page">title pages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage188_188]_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage188_188]-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKastan199937_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKastan199937-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnutson200117_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnutson200117-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare continued to act in his own and other plays after his success as a playwright. The 1616 edition of <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a>'s <i>Works</i> names him on the cast lists for <i><a href="/wiki/Every_Man_in_His_Humour" title="Every Man in His Humour">Every Man in His Humour</a></i> (1598) and <i><a href="/wiki/Sejanus_His_Fall" title="Sejanus His Fall">Sejanus His Fall</a></i> (1603).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdams1923275_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams1923275-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The absence of his name from the 1605 cast list for Jonson's <i><a href="/wiki/Volpone" title="Volpone">Volpone</a></i> is taken by some scholars as a sign that his acting career was nearing its end.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWells200628_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWells200628-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/First_Folio" title="First Folio">First Folio</a> of 1623, however, lists Shakespeare as one of "the Principal Actors in all these Plays", some of which were first staged after <i>Volpone</i>, although one cannot know for certain which roles he played.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage200_200]_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage200_200]-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1610, <a href="/wiki/John_Davies_of_Hereford" title="John Davies of Hereford">John Davies of Hereford</a> wrote that "good Will" played "kingly" roles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987200–201_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987200–201-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1709, Rowe passed down a tradition that Shakespeare played the ghost of Hamlet's father.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERowe170932_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERowe170932-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later traditions maintain that he also played Adam in <i><a href="/wiki/As_You_Like_It" title="As You Like It">As You Like It</a></i>, and the Chorus in <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_(play)" title="Henry V (play)">Henry V</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006357_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006357-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxii_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxii-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though scholars doubt the sources of that information.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987202–203_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987202–203-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout his career, Shakespeare divided his time between London and Stratford. In 1596, the year before he bought New Place as his family home in Stratford, Shakespeare was living in the parish of <a href="/wiki/St_Helen%27s_Church,_Bishopsgate" title="St Helen's Church, Bishopsgate">St Helen's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bishopsgate" title="Bishopsgate">Bishopsgate</a>, north of the River Thames.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHales1904401–402_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHales1904401–402-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998121_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998121-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He moved across the river to <a href="/wiki/Southwark" title="Southwark">Southwark</a> by 1599, the same year his company constructed the Globe Theatre there.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHales1904401–402_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHales1904401–402-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005122_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005122-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1604, he had moved north of the river again, to an area north of <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral" title="St Paul's Cathedral">St Paul's Cathedral</a> with many fine houses. There, he rented rooms from a French <a href="/wiki/Huguenot" class="mw-redirect" title="Huguenot">Huguenot</a> named Christopher Mountjoy, a maker of women's wigs and other headgear.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998325_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998325-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005405_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005405-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_years_and_death">Later years and death</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monument-ht6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Monument-ht6.jpg/170px-Monument-ht6.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Monument-ht6.jpg/255px-Monument-ht6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Monument-ht6.jpg/340px-Monument-ht6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_funerary_monument" title="Shakespeare's funerary monument">Shakespeare's funerary monument</a> in Stratford-upon-Avon</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Rowe_(writer)" title="Nicholas Rowe (writer)">Nicholas Rowe</a> was the first biographer to record the tradition, repeated by <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a>, that Shakespeare retired to Stratford "some years before his death".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006476_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006476-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood1806ix–x,_lxxii_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood1806ix–x,_lxxii-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was still working as an actor in London in 1608; in an answer to the sharers' petition in 1635, <a href="/wiki/Cuthbert_Burbage" title="Cuthbert Burbage">Cuthbert Burbage</a> stated that after purchasing the lease of the <a href="/wiki/Blackfriars_Theatre" title="Blackfriars Theatre">Blackfriars Theatre</a> in 1608 from <a href="/wiki/Henry_Evans_(theatre)" title="Henry Evans (theatre)">Henry Evans</a>, the King's Men "placed men players" there, "which were <a href="/wiki/John_Heminges" title="John Heminges">Heminges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Condell" title="Henry Condell">Condell</a>, Shakespeare, etc.".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1964558_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1964558-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it is perhaps relevant that the <a href="/wiki/Bubonic_plague" title="Bubonic plague">bubonic plague</a> raged in London throughout 1609.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006477_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006477-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarroll1991179–182_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarroll1991179–182-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The London public playhouses were repeatedly closed during extended outbreaks of the plague (a total of over 60 months closure between May 1603 and February 1610),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBate2008354–355_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBate2008354–355-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which meant there was often no acting work. Retirement from all work was uncommon at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998382–383_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998382–383-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare continued to visit London during the years 1611–1614.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006476_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006476-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1612, he was called as a witness in <i><a href="/wiki/Bellott_v_Mountjoy" title="Bellott v Mountjoy">Bellott v Mountjoy</a></i>, a court case concerning the marriage settlement of Mountjoy's daughter, Mary.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998326_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998326-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006462–464_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006462–464-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 1613, he bought a <a href="/wiki/Gatehouse" title="Gatehouse">gatehouse</a> in the former <a href="/wiki/Blackfriars,_London" title="Blackfriars, London">Blackfriars</a> priory;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987272–274_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987272–274-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and from November 1614, he was in London for several weeks with his son-in-law, <a href="/wiki/John_Hall_(physician)" title="John Hall (physician)">John Hall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998387_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998387-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After 1610, Shakespeare wrote fewer plays, and none are attributed to him after 1613.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage279_279]_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage279_279]-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His last three plays were collaborations, probably with <a href="/wiki/John_Fletcher_(playwright)" title="John Fletcher (playwright)">John Fletcher</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998375–378_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998375–378-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who succeeded him as the house playwright of the King's Men. He retired in 1613, before the <a href="/wiki/Globe_Theatre" title="Globe Theatre">Globe Theatre</a> burned down during the performance of <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_(play)" title="Henry VIII (play)">Henry VIII</a></i> on 29 June.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage279_279]_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage279_279]-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shakespeare died on 23 April 1616, at the age of 52.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He died within a month of signing his will, a document which he begins by describing himself as being in "perfect health". No extant contemporary source explains how or why he died. Half a century later, <a href="/wiki/John_Ward_(vicar)" title="John Ward (vicar)">John Ward</a>, the vicar of Stratford, wrote in his notebook: "Shakespeare, Drayton, and Ben Jonson had a merry meeting and, it seems, drank too hard, for Shakespeare died of a fever there contracted",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1991[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage78_78]_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1991[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage78_78]-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERowse1963453_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERowse1963453-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> not an impossible scenario since Shakespeare knew Jonson and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Drayton" title="Michael Drayton">Drayton</a>. Of the <a href="/wiki/Tribute" title="Tribute">tributes</a> from fellow authors, one refers to his relatively sudden death: "We wondered, Shakespeare, that thou went'st so soon / From the world's stage to the grave's tiring room."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKinney201211_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKinney201211-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trinity_Church_yard,_Stratford-on-Avon,_England-LCCN2002708131.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Trinity_Church_yard%2C_Stratford-on-Avon%2C_England-LCCN2002708131.jpg/220px-Trinity_Church_yard%2C_Stratford-on-Avon%2C_England-LCCN2002708131.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Trinity_Church_yard%2C_Stratford-on-Avon%2C_England-LCCN2002708131.jpg/330px-Trinity_Church_yard%2C_Stratford-on-Avon%2C_England-LCCN2002708131.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Trinity_Church_yard%2C_Stratford-on-Avon%2C_England-LCCN2002708131.jpg/440px-Trinity_Church_yard%2C_Stratford-on-Avon%2C_England-LCCN2002708131.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3608" data-file-height="2716" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Trinity,_Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Church of the Holy Trinity, Stratford-upon-Avon">Holy Trinity Church, Stratford-upon-Avon</a>, where Shakespeare was baptised and is buried</figcaption></figure> <p>He was survived by his wife and two daughters. Susanna had married a physician, John Hall, in 1607,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage287_287]_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage287_287]-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Judith had married <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Quiney" title="Thomas Quiney">Thomas Quiney</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Vintner" class="mw-redirect" title="Vintner">vintner</a>, two months before Shakespeare's death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987292–294_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987292–294-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare signed his last will and testament on 25 March 1616; the following day, Thomas Quiney, his new son-in-law, was found guilty of fathering an illegitimate son by Margaret Wheeler, both of whom had died during childbirth. Thomas was ordered by the church court to do public penance, which would have caused much shame and embarrassment for the Shakespeare family.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987292–294_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987292–294-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shakespeare bequeathed the bulk of his large estate to his elder daughter Susanna<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage304_304]_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage304_304]-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> under stipulations that she pass it down intact to "the first son of her body".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998395–396_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998395–396-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Quineys had three children, all of whom died without marrying.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChambers1930b8,_11,_104_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChambers1930b8,_11,_104-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage296_296]_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage296_296]-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Halls had one child, Elizabeth, who married twice but died without children in 1670, ending Shakespeare's direct line.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChambers1930b7,_9,_13_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChambers1930b7,_9,_13-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987289,_318–319_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987289,_318–319-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare's will scarcely mentions his wife, Anne, who was probably entitled to one-third of his estate automatically.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He did make a point, however, of leaving her "my second best bed", a bequest that has led to much speculation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006483_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006483-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye200516_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye200516-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005145–146_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005145–146-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some scholars see the bequest as an insult to Anne, whereas others believe that the second-best bed would have been the matrimonial bed and therefore rich in significance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987301–303_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987301–303-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shakespeare_grave_-Stratford-upon-Avon_-3June2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shakespeare_grave_-Stratford-upon-Avon_-3June2007.jpg/220px-Shakespeare_grave_-Stratford-upon-Avon_-3June2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shakespeare_grave_-Stratford-upon-Avon_-3June2007.jpg/330px-Shakespeare_grave_-Stratford-upon-Avon_-3June2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shakespeare_grave_-Stratford-upon-Avon_-3June2007.jpg/440px-Shakespeare_grave_-Stratford-upon-Avon_-3June2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Shakespeare's grave, next to those of Anne Shakespeare, his wife, and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nash_(relative_of_Shakespeare)" title="Thomas Nash (relative of Shakespeare)">Thomas Nash</a>, the husband of his granddaughter</figcaption></figure> <p>Shakespeare was buried in the <a href="/wiki/Chancel" title="Chancel">chancel</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Trinity_Church,_Stratford-upon-Avon" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Trinity Church, Stratford-upon-Avon">Holy Trinity Church</a> two days after his death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987306–307_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987306–307-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xviii_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xviii-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The epitaph carved into the stone slab covering his grave includes a curse against moving his bones, which was carefully avoided during restoration of the church in 2008:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2008_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2008-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1157697682">.mw-parser-output .verse_translation .translated{padding-left:2em!important}@media only screen and (max-width:43.75em){.mw-parser-output .verse_translation.wrap_when_small td{display:block;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .verse_translation.wrap_when_small .translated{padding-left:0.5em!important}}</style> <table role="presentation" class="verse_translation" style="margin-left:1em !important"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"> <td><div style="font-style:roman;text-align:left" lang="" class="poem"> <p>Good frend for Iesvs sake forbeare,<br /> To digg the dvst encloased heare.<br /> Bleste be yͤ man yͭ spares thes stones,<br /> And cvrst be he yͭ moves my bones.<i><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage306_306]_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage306_306]-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </p> </div> </td> <td class="translated"><div style="font-style:roman;text-align:left" lang="" class="poem"> <p>Good friend, for Jesus' sake forbear,<br /> To dig the dust enclosed here.<br /> Blessed be the man that spares these stones,<br /> And cursed be he that moves my bones. </p> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Some time before 1623, a <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_funerary_monument" title="Shakespeare's funerary monument">funerary monument</a> was erected in his memory on the north wall, with a half-effigy of him in the act of writing. Its plaque compares him to <a href="/wiki/Nestor_(mythology)" title="Nestor (mythology)">Nestor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Socrates" title="Socrates">Socrates</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987308–310_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987308–310-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1623, in conjunction with the publication of the <a href="/wiki/First_Folio" title="First Folio">First Folio</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Droeshout_engraving" class="mw-redirect" title="Droeshout engraving">Droeshout engraving</a> was published.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper200648_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper200648-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare has been commemorated in many <a href="/wiki/Memorials_to_William_Shakespeare" title="Memorials to William Shakespeare">statues and memorials</a> around the world, including funeral monuments in <a href="/wiki/Southwark_Cathedral" title="Southwark Cathedral">Southwark Cathedral</a> and <a href="/wiki/Poets%27_Corner" title="Poets' Corner">Poets' Corner</a> in <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWestminster_Abbeyn.d._112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWestminster_Abbeyn.d.-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESouthwark_Cathedraln.d._113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESouthwark_Cathedraln.d.-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plays">Plays</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_plays" title="Shakespeare's plays">Shakespeare's plays</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare%27s_collaborations" title="William Shakespeare's collaborations">William Shakespeare's collaborations</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_bibliography" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare bibliography">Shakespeare bibliography</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Procession_of_Characters_from_Shakespeare%27s_Plays_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Procession_of_Characters_from_Shakespeare%27s_Plays_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/500px-Procession_of_Characters_from_Shakespeare%27s_Plays_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Procession_of_Characters_from_Shakespeare%27s_Plays_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/750px-Procession_of_Characters_from_Shakespeare%27s_Plays_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Procession_of_Characters_from_Shakespeare%27s_Plays_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/1000px-Procession_of_Characters_from_Shakespeare%27s_Plays_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6816" data-file-height="1509" /></a><figcaption><i>Procession of Characters from Shakespeare's Plays</i> by an unknown 19th-century artist</figcaption></figure> <p>Most playwrights of the period typically collaborated with others at some point, as critics agree Shakespeare did, mostly early and late in his career.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomson200349_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomson200349-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first recorded works of Shakespeare are <i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(play)" title="Richard III (play)">Richard III</a></i> and the three parts of <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_1" title="Henry VI, Part 1">Henry VI</a></i>, written in the early 1590s during a vogue for <a href="/wiki/History_(theatrical_genre)" title="History (theatrical genre)">historical drama</a>. Shakespeare's plays are difficult to date precisely, however,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye20059_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye20059-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998166_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998166-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and studies of the texts suggest that <i><a href="/wiki/Titus_Andronicus" title="Titus Andronicus">Titus Andronicus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Comedy_of_Errors" title="The Comedy of Errors">The Comedy of Errors</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" title="The Taming of the Shrew">The Taming of the Shrew</a>,</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona" title="The Two Gentlemen of Verona">The Two Gentlemen of Verona</a></i> may also belong to Shakespeare's earliest period.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987159–161_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987159–161-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye20059_115-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye20059-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His first <a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_history" title="Shakespearean history">histories</a>, which draw heavily on the 1587 edition of Raphael Holinshed's <a href="/wiki/Holinshed%27s_Chronicles" title="Holinshed's Chronicles"><i>Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDuttonHoward2003147_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDuttonHoward2003147-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dramatise the destructive results of weak or corrupt rule and have been interpreted as a justification for the origins of the <a href="/wiki/Tudor_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Tudor dynasty">Tudor dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERibner2005154–155_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERibner2005154–155-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The early plays were influenced by the works of other Elizabethan dramatists, especially <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kyd" title="Thomas Kyd">Thomas Kyd</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Marlowe" title="Christopher Marlowe">Christopher Marlowe</a>, by the traditions of medieval drama, and by the plays of <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye2005105_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye2005105-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERibner200567_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERibner200567-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBednarz2004100_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBednarz2004100-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Comedy of Errors</i> was also based on classical models, but no source for <i>The Taming of the Shrew</i> has been found, though it has an identical plot but different wording as another play with a similar name.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998136_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998136-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage166_166]_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage166_166]-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like <i>The Two Gentlemen of Verona</i>, in which two friends appear to approve of rape,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye200591_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye200591-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998116–117_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998116–117-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWerner200196–100_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWerner200196–100-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i>Shrew</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s story of the taming of a woman's independent spirit by a man sometimes troubles modern critics, directors, and audiences.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFriedman2006159_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFriedman2006159-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oberon,_Titania_and_Puck_with_Fairies_Dancing._William_Blake._c.1786.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Oberon%2C_Titania_and_Puck_with_Fairies_Dancing._William_Blake._c.1786.jpg/220px-Oberon%2C_Titania_and_Puck_with_Fairies_Dancing._William_Blake._c.1786.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Oberon%2C_Titania_and_Puck_with_Fairies_Dancing._William_Blake._c.1786.jpg/330px-Oberon%2C_Titania_and_Puck_with_Fairies_Dancing._William_Blake._c.1786.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Oberon%2C_Titania_and_Puck_with_Fairies_Dancing._William_Blake._c.1786.jpg/440px-Oberon%2C_Titania_and_Puck_with_Fairies_Dancing._William_Blake._c.1786.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1414" /></a><figcaption><i>Oberon, Titania and Puck with Fairies Dancing</i>. By <a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">William Blake</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1786.</figcaption></figure> <p>Shakespeare's early classical and Italianate comedies, containing tight double plots and precise comic sequences, give way in the mid-1590s to the romantic atmosphere of his most acclaimed comedies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006235_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006235-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream">A Midsummer Night's Dream</a></i> is a witty mixture of romance, fairy magic, and comic lowlife scenes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood2003161–162_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood2003161–162-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare's next comedy, the equally romantic <i><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice" title="The Merchant of Venice">The Merchant of Venice</a></i>, contains a portrayal of the vengeful Jewish moneylender <a href="/wiki/Shylock" title="Shylock">Shylock</a>, which reflects dominant Elizabethan views but may appear derogatory to modern audiences.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood2003205–206_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood2003205–206-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998258_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998258-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The wit and wordplay of <i><a href="/wiki/Much_Ado_About_Nothing" title="Much Ado About Nothing">Much Ado About Nothing</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006359_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006359-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the charming rural setting of <i><a href="/wiki/As_You_Like_It" title="As You Like It">As You Like It</a></i>, and the lively merrymaking of <i><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night" title="Twelfth Night">Twelfth Night</a></i> complete Shakespeare's sequence of great comedies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006362–383_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006362–383-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the lyrical <i><a href="/wiki/Richard_II_(play)" title="Richard II (play)">Richard II</a></i>, written almost entirely in verse, Shakespeare introduced prose comedy into the histories of the late 1590s, <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Part_1" title="Henry IV, Part 1">Henry IV, Part 1</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Part_2" title="Henry IV, Part 2">2</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_(play)" title="Henry V (play)">Henry V</a></i>. <i>Henry IV</i> features <a href="/wiki/Falstaff" class="mw-redirect" title="Falstaff">Falstaff</a>, rogue, wit and friend of Prince Hal. His characters become more complex and tender as he switches deftly between comic and serious scenes, prose and poetry, and achieves the narrative variety of his mature work.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005150_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005150-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibbons19931_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibbons19931-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006356_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006356-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This period begins and ends with two tragedies: <i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Romeo and Juliet">Romeo and Juliet</a></i>, the famous romantic tragedy of sexually charged adolescence, love, and death;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood2003161_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood2003161-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998206_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998206-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(play)" title="Julius Caesar (play)">Julius Caesar</a></i>—based on Sir <a href="/wiki/Thomas_North" title="Thomas North">Thomas North</a>'s 1579 translation of <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Parallel_Lives" title="Parallel Lives">Parallel Lives</a></i>—which introduced a new kind of drama.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006353,_358_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006353,_358-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005151–153_141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005151–153-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Shakespearean scholar <a href="/wiki/James_S._Shapiro" title="James S. Shapiro">James Shapiro</a>, in <i>Julius Caesar</i>, "the various strands of politics, character, inwardness, contemporary events, even Shakespeare's own reflections on the act of writing, began to infuse each other".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005151_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005151-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Fuseli_rendering_of_Hamlet_and_his_father%27s_Ghost.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Henry_Fuseli_rendering_of_Hamlet_and_his_father%27s_Ghost.JPG/220px-Henry_Fuseli_rendering_of_Hamlet_and_his_father%27s_Ghost.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Henry_Fuseli_rendering_of_Hamlet_and_his_father%27s_Ghost.JPG/330px-Henry_Fuseli_rendering_of_Hamlet_and_his_father%27s_Ghost.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Henry_Fuseli_rendering_of_Hamlet_and_his_father%27s_Ghost.JPG/440px-Henry_Fuseli_rendering_of_Hamlet_and_his_father%27s_Ghost.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><i>Hamlet, Horatio, Marcellus, and the Ghost of Hamlet's Father</i>. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fuseli" title="Henry Fuseli">Henry Fuseli</a>, 1780–1785.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the early 17th century, Shakespeare wrote the so-called "<a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_problem_play" title="Shakespearean problem play">problem plays</a>" <i><a href="/wiki/Measure_for_Measure" title="Measure for Measure">Measure for Measure</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Troilus_and_Cressida" title="Troilus and Cressida">Troilus and Cressida</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/All%27s_Well_That_Ends_Well" title="All's Well That Ends Well">All's Well That Ends Well</a></i> and a number of his best known <a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_tragedy" title="Shakespearean tragedy">tragedies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBradley199185_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBradley199185-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMuir200512–16_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMuir200512–16-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many critics believe that Shakespeare's tragedies represent the peak of his art. <a href="/wiki/Prince_Hamlet" title="Prince Hamlet">Hamlet</a> has probably been analysed more than any other Shakespearean character, especially for his famous <a href="/wiki/Soliloquy" title="Soliloquy">soliloquy</a> which begins "<a href="/wiki/To_be,_or_not_to_be" title="To be, or not to be">To be or not to be; that is the question</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBradley199194_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBradley199194-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike the introverted Hamlet, whose fatal flaw is hesitation, <a href="/wiki/Othello_(character)" title="Othello (character)">Othello</a> and Lear are undone by hasty errors of judgement.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBradley199186_146-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBradley199186-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plots of Shakespeare's tragedies often hinge on such fatal errors or flaws, which overturn order and destroy the hero and those he loves.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBradley199140,_48_147-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBradley199140,_48-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i><a href="/wiki/Othello" title="Othello">Othello</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Iago" title="Iago">Iago</a> stokes Othello's sexual jealousy to the point where he murders the innocent wife who loves him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBradley199142,_169,_195_148-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBradley199142,_169,_195-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005304_149-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005304-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear" title="King Lear">King Lear</a></i>, the old king commits the tragic error of giving up his powers, initiating the events which lead to the torture and blinding of the Earl of Gloucester and the murder of Lear's youngest daughter, <a href="/wiki/Cordelia_(King_Lear)" title="Cordelia (King Lear)">Cordelia</a>. According to the critic <a href="/wiki/Frank_Kermode" title="Frank Kermode">Frank Kermode</a>, "the play...offers neither its good characters nor its audience any relief from its cruelty".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBradley1991226_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBradley1991226-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006423_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006423-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKermode2004141–142_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKermode2004141–142-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a></i>, the shortest and most compressed of Shakespeare's tragedies,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200643–46_153-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200643–46-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> uncontrollable ambition incites Macbeth and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Lady_Macbeth" title="Lady Macbeth">Lady Macbeth</a>, to murder the rightful king and usurp the throne until their own guilt destroys them in turn.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBradley1991306_154-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBradley1991306-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this play, Shakespeare adds a supernatural element to the tragic structure. His last major tragedies, <i><a href="/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra" title="Antony and Cleopatra">Antony and Cleopatra</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Coriolanus" title="Coriolanus">Coriolanus</a></i>, contain some of Shakespeare's finest poetry and were considered his most successful tragedies by the poet and critic <a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006444_155-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006444-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200669–70_156-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200669–70-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEliot193459_157-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEliot193459-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eliot wrote, "Shakespeare acquired more essential history from Plutarch than most men could from the whole <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his final period, Shakespeare turned to <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_late_romances" title="Shakespeare's late romances">romance</a> or <a href="/wiki/Tragicomedy" title="Tragicomedy">tragicomedy</a> and completed three more major plays: <i><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline" title="Cymbeline">Cymbeline</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Winter%27s_Tale" title="The Winter's Tale">The Winter's Tale</a>,</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest" title="The Tempest">The Tempest</a></i>, as well as the collaboration, <i><a href="/wiki/Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre" title="Pericles, Prince of Tyre">Pericles, Prince of Tyre</a></i>. Less bleak than the tragedies, these four plays are graver in tone than the comedies of the 1590s, but they end with reconciliation and the forgiveness of potentially tragic errors.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowden188157_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowden188157-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some commentators have seen this change in mood as evidence of a more serene view of life on Shakespeare's part, but it may merely reflect the theatrical fashion of the day.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowden188160_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowden188160-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye2005123_161-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye2005123-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200615_162-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200615-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare collaborated on two further surviving plays, <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_(play)" title="Henry VIII (play)">Henry VIII</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" title="The Two Noble Kinsmen">The Two Noble Kinsmen</a></i>, probably with <a href="/wiki/John_Fletcher_(playwright)" title="John Fletcher (playwright)">John Fletcher</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery20051247,_1279_163-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery20051247,_1279-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classification">Classification</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Shakespeare%27s_plays" title="Chronology of Shakespeare's plays">Chronology of Shakespeare's plays</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gilbert_WShakespeares_Plays.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Gilbert_WShakespeares_Plays.jpg/220px-Gilbert_WShakespeares_Plays.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Gilbert_WShakespeares_Plays.jpg/330px-Gilbert_WShakespeares_Plays.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Gilbert_WShakespeares_Plays.jpg/440px-Gilbert_WShakespeares_Plays.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2595" data-file-height="2040" /></a><figcaption><i>The Plays of William Shakespeare</i>, a painting containing scenes and characters from several plays of Shakespeare; by <a href="/wiki/John_Gilbert_(painter)" title="John Gilbert (painter)">Sir John Gilbert</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1849</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Shakespeare's works include the 36 plays printed in the <a href="/wiki/First_Folio" title="First Folio">First Folio</a> of 1623, listed according to their folio classification as <a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_comedy" title="Shakespearean comedy">comedies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_history" title="Shakespearean history">histories</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_tragedy" title="Shakespearean tragedy">tragedies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoyce199691,_193,_513._164-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoyce199691,_193,_513.-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two plays not included in the First Folio,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblattAbrams20121168_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblattAbrams20121168-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" title="The Two Noble Kinsmen">The Two Noble Kinsmen</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre" title="Pericles, Prince of Tyre">Pericles, Prince of Tyre</a></i>, are now accepted as part of the canon, with today's scholars agreeing that Shakespeare made major contributions to the writing of both.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKathman2003629_165-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKathman2003629-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoyce199691_166-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoyce199691-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No Shakespearean poems were included in the First Folio. </p><p>In the late 19th century, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Dowden" title="Edward Dowden">Edward Dowden</a> classified four of the late comedies as <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_late_romances" title="Shakespeare's late romances">romances</a>, and though many scholars prefer to call them <i><a href="/wiki/Tragicomedy" title="Tragicomedy">tragicomedies</a></i>, Dowden's term is often used.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEdwards19581–10_167-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEdwards19581–10-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESnyderCurren-Aquino2007_168-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESnyderCurren-Aquino2007-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1896, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_S._Boas" title="Frederick S. Boas">Frederick S. Boas</a> coined the term "<a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_problem_play" title="Shakespearean problem play">problem plays</a>" to describe four plays: <i><a href="/wiki/All%27s_Well_That_Ends_Well" title="All's Well That Ends Well">All's Well That Ends Well</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Measure_for_Measure" title="Measure for Measure">Measure for Measure</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Troilus_and_Cressida" title="Troilus and Cressida">Troilus and Cressida</a>,</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchanzer19631–10_169-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchanzer19631–10-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Dramas as singular in theme and temper cannot be strictly called comedies or tragedies", he wrote. "We may, therefore, borrow a convenient phrase from the theatre of today and class them together as Shakespeare's problem plays."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoas1896345_170-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoas1896345-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term, much debated and sometimes applied to other plays, remains in use, though <i>Hamlet</i> is definitively classed as a tragedy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchanzer19631_171-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchanzer19631-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBloom1999325–380_172-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBloom1999325–380-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerry200537_173-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerry200537-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performances">Performances</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_in_performance" title="Shakespeare in performance">Shakespeare in performance</a></div> <p>It is not clear for which companies Shakespeare wrote his early plays. The title page of the 1594 edition of <i>Titus Andronicus</i> reveals that the play had been acted by three different troupes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xx_174-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xx-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Black_Death_in_England" title="Black Death in England">plagues</a> of 1592–93, Shakespeare's plays were performed by his own company at <a href="/wiki/The_Theatre" title="The Theatre">The Theatre</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Curtain_Theatre" title="Curtain Theatre">Curtain</a> in <a href="/wiki/Shoreditch" title="Shoreditch">Shoreditch</a>, north of the Thames.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxi_175-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxi-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Londoners flocked there to see the first part of <i>Henry IV</i>, <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Digges_(writer)" title="Leonard Digges (writer)">Leonard Digges</a> recording, "Let but Falstaff come, Hal, Poins, the rest ... and you scarce shall have a room".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro200516_176-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro200516-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the company found themselves in dispute with their landlord, they pulled The Theatre down and used the timbers to construct the <a href="/wiki/Globe_Theatre" title="Globe Theatre">Globe Theatre</a>, the first playhouse built by actors for actors, on the south bank of the Thames at <a href="/wiki/Southwark" title="Southwark">Southwark</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFoakes19906_177-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoakes19906-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005125–131_178-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005125–131-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Globe opened in autumn 1599, with <i>Julius Caesar</i> one of the first plays staged. Most of Shakespeare's greatest post-1599 plays were written for the Globe, including <i>Hamlet</i>, <i>Othello,</i> and <i>King Lear</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFoakes19906_177-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoakes19906-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENagler19587_179-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENagler19587-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005131–132_180-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005131–132-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shakespeare%C2%B4s_Globe_(8162111781).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Shakespeare%C2%B4s_Globe_%288162111781%29.jpg/220px-Shakespeare%C2%B4s_Globe_%288162111781%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Shakespeare%C2%B4s_Globe_%288162111781%29.jpg/330px-Shakespeare%C2%B4s_Globe_%288162111781%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Shakespeare%C2%B4s_Globe_%288162111781%29.jpg/440px-Shakespeare%C2%B4s_Globe_%288162111781%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1265" /></a><figcaption>The reconstructed <a href="/wiki/Globe_Theatre" title="Globe Theatre">Globe Theatre</a> on the south bank of the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After the Lord Chamberlain's Men were renamed the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Men_(playing_company)" title="King's Men (playing company)">King's Men</a> in 1603, they entered a special relationship with the new <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">King James</a>. Although the performance records are patchy, the King's Men performed seven of Shakespeare's plays at court between 1 November 1604, and 31 October 1605, including two performances of <i>The Merchant of Venice</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxii_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxii-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After 1608, they performed at the indoor <a href="/wiki/Blackfriars_Theatre" title="Blackfriars Theatre">Blackfriars Theatre</a> during the winter and the Globe during the summer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFoakes199033_181-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoakes199033-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The indoor setting, combined with the <a href="/wiki/Jacobean_era" title="Jacobean era">Jacobean</a> fashion for lavishly staged <a href="/wiki/Masques" class="mw-redirect" title="Masques">masques</a>, allowed Shakespeare to introduce more elaborate stage devices. In <i>Cymbeline</i>, for example, <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (mythology)">Jupiter</a> descends "in thunder and lightning, sitting upon an eagle: he throws a thunderbolt. The ghosts fall on their knees."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006454_182-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006454-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolland2000xli_183-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolland2000xli-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The actors in Shakespeare's company included the famous <a href="/wiki/Richard_Burbage" title="Richard Burbage">Richard Burbage</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Kempe" title="William Kempe">William Kempe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Condell" title="Henry Condell">Henry Condell</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Heminges" title="John Heminges">John Heminges</a>. Burbage played the leading role in the first performances of many of Shakespeare's plays, including <i>Richard III</i>, <i>Hamlet</i>, <i>Othello</i>, and <i>King Lear</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERingler1997127_184-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERingler1997127-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The popular comic actor Will Kempe played the servant Peter in <i>Romeo and Juliet</i> and <a href="/wiki/Dogberry" title="Dogberry">Dogberry</a> in <i>Much Ado About Nothing</i>, among other characters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage210_210]_185-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage210_210]-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChambers1930a341_186-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChambers1930a341-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was replaced around 1600 by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Armin" title="Robert Armin">Robert Armin</a>, who played roles such as <a href="/wiki/Touchstone_(As_You_Like_It)" title="Touchstone (As You Like It)">Touchstone</a> in <i>As You Like It</i> and the fool in <i>King Lear</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005247–249_187-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005247–249-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1613, Sir <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wotton" title="Henry Wotton">Henry Wotton</a> recorded that <i>Henry VIII</i> "was set forth with many extraordinary circumstances of pomp and ceremony".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery20051247_188-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery20051247-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 June, however, a cannon set fire to the thatch of the Globe and burned the theatre to the ground, an event which pinpoints the date of a Shakespeare play with rare precision.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery20051247_188-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery20051247-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Textual_sources">Textual sources</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Title_page_William_Shakespeare%27s_First_Folio_1623.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Title_page_William_Shakespeare%27s_First_Folio_1623.jpg/170px-Title_page_William_Shakespeare%27s_First_Folio_1623.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Title_page_William_Shakespeare%27s_First_Folio_1623.jpg/255px-Title_page_William_Shakespeare%27s_First_Folio_1623.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Title_page_William_Shakespeare%27s_First_Folio_1623.jpg/340px-Title_page_William_Shakespeare%27s_First_Folio_1623.jpg 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="1513" /></a><figcaption>Title page of the <i><a href="/wiki/First_Folio" title="First Folio">First Folio</a></i>, 1623. Copper engraving of Shakespeare by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Droeshout" title="Martin Droeshout">Martin Droeshout</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1623, <a href="/wiki/John_Heminges" title="John Heminges">John Heminges</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Condell" title="Henry Condell">Henry Condell</a>, two of Shakespeare's friends from the King's Men, published the <a href="/wiki/First_Folio" title="First Folio">First Folio</a>, a collected edition of Shakespeare's plays. It contained 36 texts, including 18 printed for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxxvii_189-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxxvii-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The others had already appeared in <a href="/wiki/Book_size" title="Book size">quarto</a> versions—flimsy books made from sheets of paper folded twice to make four leaves.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxxiv_190-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxxiv-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No evidence suggests that Shakespeare approved these editions, which the First Folio describes as "stol'n and surreptitious copies".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPollard1909xi_191-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPollard1909xi-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alfred_W._Pollard" title="Alfred W. Pollard">Alfred Pollard</a> termed some of the pre-1623 versions as "<a href="/wiki/Bad_quarto" title="Bad quarto">bad quartos</a>" because of their adapted, paraphrased or garbled texts, which may in places have been reconstructed from memory.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxxiv_190-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxxiv-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPollard1909xi_191-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPollard1909xi-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMaguire199628_192-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaguire199628-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Where several versions of a play survive, each <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_plays#Shakespeare_and_the_textual_problem" title="Shakespeare's plays">differs from the others</a>. The differences may stem from copying or <a href="/wiki/Typesetting#Letterpress_era" title="Typesetting">printing</a> errors, from notes by actors or audience members, or from Shakespeare's own <a href="/wiki/Foul_papers" title="Foul papers">papers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBowers19558–10_193-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBowers19558–10-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxxiv–xxxv_194-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxxiv–xxxv-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some cases, for example, <i>Hamlet</i>, <i>Troilus and Cressida,</i> and <i>Othello</i>, Shakespeare could have revised the texts between the quarto and folio editions. In the case of <i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear" title="King Lear">King Lear</a></i>, however, while most modern editions do conflate them, the 1623 folio version is so different from the 1608 quarto that the <i>Oxford Shakespeare</i> prints them both, arguing that they cannot be conflated without confusion.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005909,_1153_195-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005909,_1153-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poems">Poems</h2></div> <p>In 1593 and 1594, when the theatres were closed because of <a href="/wiki/Bubonic_plague" title="Bubonic plague">plague</a>, Shakespeare published two narrative poems on sexual themes, <i><a href="/wiki/Venus_and_Adonis_(Shakespeare_poem)" title="Venus and Adonis (Shakespeare poem)">Venus and Adonis</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rape_of_Lucrece" title="The Rape of Lucrece">The Rape of Lucrece</a></i>. He dedicated them to <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wriothesley,_3rd_Earl_of_Southampton" title="Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton">Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton</a>. In <i>Venus and Adonis</i>, an innocent <a href="/wiki/Adonis" title="Adonis">Adonis</a> rejects the sexual advances of <a href="/wiki/Venus_(mythology)" title="Venus (mythology)">Venus</a>; while in <i>The Rape of Lucrece</i>, the virtuous wife <a href="/wiki/Lucretia" title="Lucretia">Lucrece</a> is raped by the lustful <a href="/wiki/Sextus_Tarquinius" title="Sextus Tarquinius">Tarquin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoe200621_196-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoe200621-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Influenced by <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye2005288_197-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye2005288-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the poems show the guilt and moral confusion that result from uncontrolled lust.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoe20063,_21_198-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoe20063,_21-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both proved popular and were often reprinted during Shakespeare's lifetime. A third narrative poem, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Lover%27s_Complaint" title="A Lover's Complaint">A Lover's Complaint</a></i>, in which a young woman laments her seduction by a persuasive suitor, was printed in the first edition of the <i>Sonnets</i> in 1609. Most scholars now accept that Shakespeare wrote <i>A Lover's Complaint</i>. Critics consider that its fine qualities are marred by leaden effects.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoe20061_199-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoe20061-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson2004267–294_200-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson2004267–294-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998289_201-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998289-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Phoenix_and_the_Turtle" title="The Phoenix and the Turtle">The Phoenix and the Turtle</a></i>, printed in Robert Chester's 1601 <i>Love's Martyr</i>, mourns the deaths of the legendary <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)" title="Phoenix (mythology)">phoenix</a> and his lover, the faithful <a href="/wiki/European_turtle_dove" title="European turtle dove">turtle dove</a>. In 1599, two early drafts of sonnets 138 and 144 appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Passionate_Pilgrim" title="The Passionate Pilgrim">The Passionate Pilgrim</a></i>, published under Shakespeare's name but without his permission.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoe20061_199-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoe20061-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998289_201-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998289-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage327_327]_202-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage327_327]-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sonnets">Sonnets</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_sonnets" title="Shakespeare's sonnets">Shakespeare's sonnets</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sonnets1609titlepage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Sonnets1609titlepage.jpg/170px-Sonnets1609titlepage.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Sonnets1609titlepage.jpg/255px-Sonnets1609titlepage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Sonnets1609titlepage.jpg/340px-Sonnets1609titlepage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1065" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Title page from 1609 edition of <i>Shake-Speares Sonnets</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Published in 1609, the <i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_sonnets" title="Shakespeare's sonnets">Sonnets</a></i> were the last of Shakespeare's non-dramatic works to be printed. Scholars are not certain when each of the 154 sonnets was composed, but evidence suggests that Shakespeare wrote sonnets throughout his career for a private readership.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood2003178_203-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood2003178-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage180_180]_204-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage180_180]-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even before the two unauthorised sonnets appeared in <i>The Passionate Pilgrim</i> in 1599, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Meres" title="Francis Meres">Francis Meres</a> had referred in 1598 to Shakespeare's "sugred Sonnets among his private friends".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998180_205-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998180-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Few analysts believe that the published collection follows Shakespeare's intended sequence.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage268_268]_206-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage268_268]-206"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He seems to have planned two contrasting series: one about uncontrollable lust for a married woman of dark complexion (the "dark lady"), and one about conflicted love for a fair young man (the "fair youth"). It remains unclear if these figures represent real individuals, or if the authorial "I" who addresses them represents Shakespeare himself, though <a href="/wiki/Wordsworth" class="mw-redirect" title="Wordsworth">Wordsworth</a> believed that with the sonnets "Shakespeare unlocked his heart".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998180_205-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998180-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage180_180]_204-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage180_180]-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style=";"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <div class="poem"> <p>Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?<br /> Thou art more lovely and more temperate ... </p> </div> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">—Opening lines from Shakespeare's <a href="/wiki/Sonnet_18" title="Sonnet 18">Sonnet 18</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMowatWerstinen.d._207-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMowatWerstinen.d.-207"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>The 1609 edition was dedicated to a "Mr. W.H.", credited as "the only begetter" of the poems. It is not known whether this was written by Shakespeare himself or by the publisher, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Thorpe" title="Thomas Thorpe">Thomas Thorpe</a>, whose initials appear at the foot of the dedication page; nor is it known who Mr. W.H. was, despite numerous theories, or whether Shakespeare even authorised the publication.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987268–269_208-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987268–269-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Critics praise the <i>Sonnets</i> as a profound meditation on the nature of love, sexual passion, procreation, death, and time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood2003177_209-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood2003177-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Style">Style</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_writing_style" title="Shakespeare's writing style">Shakespeare's writing style</a></div> <p>Shakespeare's first plays were written in the conventional style of the day. He wrote them in a stylised language that does not always spring naturally from the needs of the characters or the drama.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClemen2005a150_210-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClemen2005a150-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The poetry depends on extended, sometimes elaborate metaphors and conceits, and the language is often rhetorical—written for actors to declaim rather than speak. The grand speeches in <i><a href="/wiki/Titus_Andronicus" title="Titus Andronicus">Titus Andronicus</a></i>, in the view of some critics, often hold up the action, for example; and the verse in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona" title="The Two Gentlemen of Verona">The Two Gentlemen of Verona</a></i> has been described as stilted.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye2005105,_177_211-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye2005105,_177-211"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClemen2005b29_212-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClemen2005b29-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WilliamBlakePity.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/WilliamBlakePity.jpeg/220px-WilliamBlakePity.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/WilliamBlakePity.jpeg/330px-WilliamBlakePity.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/WilliamBlakePity.jpeg/440px-WilliamBlakePity.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1507" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Pity_(William_Blake)" title="Pity (William Blake)">Pity</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">William Blake</a>, 1795, is an illustration of two similes in <i>Macbeth</i>:<div class="poem"> <p>"And pity, like a naked new-born babe,<br /> Striding the blast, or heaven's cherubim, hors'd<br /> Upon the sightless couriers of the air."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Sélincourt1909174_213-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Sélincourt1909174-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></figcaption></figure> <p>However, Shakespeare soon began to adapt the traditional styles to his own purposes. The opening <a href="/wiki/Soliloquy" title="Soliloquy">soliloquy</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(play)" title="Richard III (play)">Richard III</a></i> has its roots in the self-declaration of <a href="/wiki/The_Vice" class="mw-redirect" title="The Vice">Vice</a> in medieval drama. At the same time, Richard's vivid self-awareness looks forward to the soliloquies of Shakespeare's mature plays.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrooke200469_214-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrooke200469-214"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBradbrook2004195_215-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBradbrook2004195-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No single play marks a change from the traditional to the freer style. Shakespeare combined the two throughout his career, with <i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Romeo and Juliet">Romeo and Juliet</a></i> perhaps the best example of the mixing of the styles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClemen2005b63_216-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClemen2005b63-216"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the time of <i>Romeo and Juliet</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Richard_II_(play)" title="Richard II (play)">Richard II</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream">A Midsummer Night's Dream</a></i> in the mid-1590s, Shakespeare had begun to write a more natural poetry. He increasingly tuned his metaphors and images to the needs of the drama itself. </p><p>Shakespeare's standard poetic form was <a href="/wiki/Blank_verse" title="Blank verse">blank verse</a>, composed in <a href="/wiki/Iambic_pentameter" title="Iambic pentameter">iambic pentameter</a>. In practice, this meant that his verse was usually unrhymed and consisted of ten syllables to a line, spoken with a stress on every second syllable. The blank verse of his early plays is quite different from that of his later ones. It is often beautiful, but its sentences tend to start, pause, and finish at the <a href="/wiki/End-stopping" title="End-stopping">end of lines</a>, with the risk of monotony.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye2005185_217-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye2005185-217"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once Shakespeare mastered traditional blank verse, he began to interrupt and vary its flow. This technique releases the new power and flexibility of the poetry in plays such as <i><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(play)" title="Julius Caesar (play)">Julius Caesar</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i>. Shakespeare uses it, for example, to convey the turmoil in Hamlet's mind:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright2004868_218-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright2004868-218"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>Sir, in my heart there was a kind of fighting<br /> That would not let me sleep. Methought I lay<br /> Worse than the mutines in the bilboes. Rashly—<br /> And prais'd be rashness for it—let us know<br /> Our indiscretion sometimes serves us well ... </p> </div> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><i>Hamlet</i>, Act 5, Scene 2, 4–8<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright2004868_218-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright2004868-218"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>After <i>Hamlet</i>, Shakespeare varied his poetic style further, particularly in the more emotional passages of the late tragedies. The literary critic <a href="/wiki/A._C._Bradley" title="A. C. Bradley">A. C. Bradley</a> described this style as "more concentrated, rapid, varied, and, in construction, less regular, not seldom twisted or elliptical".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBradley199191_219-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBradley199191-219"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the last phase of his career, Shakespeare adopted many techniques to achieve these effects. These included <a href="/wiki/Enjambment" title="Enjambment">run-on lines</a>, irregular pauses and stops, and extreme variations in sentence structure and length.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200642–46_220-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200642–46-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a></i>, for example, the language darts from one unrelated metaphor or simile to another: "was the hope drunk/ Wherein you dressed yourself?" (1.7.35–38); "... pity, like a naked new-born babe/ Striding the blast, or heaven's cherubim, hors'd/ Upon the sightless couriers of the air ..." (1.7.21–25). The listener is challenged to complete the sense.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200642–46_220-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200642–46-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The late romances, with their shifts in time and surprising turns of plot, inspired a last poetic style in which long and short sentences are set against one another, clauses are piled up, subject and object are reversed, and words are omitted, creating an effect of spontaneity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200636,_39,_75_221-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200636,_39,_75-221"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>214<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shakespeare combined poetic genius with a practical sense of the theatre.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibbons19934_222-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibbons19934-222"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>215<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like all playwrights of the time, he dramatised stories from sources such as <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Holinshed" title="Raphael Holinshed">Holinshed</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibbons19931–4_223-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibbons19931–4-223"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He reshaped each plot to create several centres of interest and to show as many sides of a narrative to the audience as possible. This strength of design ensures that a Shakespeare play can survive translation, cutting, and wide interpretation without loss to its core drama.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibbons19931–7,_15_224-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibbons19931–7,_15-224"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>217<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Shakespeare's mastery grew, he gave his characters clearer and more varied motivations and distinctive patterns of speech. He preserved aspects of his earlier style in the later plays, however. In <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_late_romances" title="Shakespeare's late romances">Shakespeare's late romances</a>, he deliberately returned to a more artificial style, which emphasised the illusion of theatre.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200613_225-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200613-225"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>218<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeagher2003358_226-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeagher2003358-226"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>219<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Influence">Influence</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_influence" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare's influence">Shakespeare's influence</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Macbeth_consulting_the_Vision_of_the_Armed_Head.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Macbeth_consulting_the_Vision_of_the_Armed_Head.jpg/170px-Macbeth_consulting_the_Vision_of_the_Armed_Head.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Macbeth_consulting_the_Vision_of_the_Armed_Head.jpg/255px-Macbeth_consulting_the_Vision_of_the_Armed_Head.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Macbeth_consulting_the_Vision_of_the_Armed_Head.jpg/340px-Macbeth_consulting_the_Vision_of_the_Armed_Head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="645" /></a><figcaption><i>Macbeth Consulting the Vision of the Armed Head</i>. By <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fuseli" title="Henry Fuseli">Henry Fuseli</a>, 1793–1794.</figcaption></figure> <p>Shakespeare's work has made a significant and lasting impression on later theatre and literature. In particular, he expanded the dramatic potential of <a href="/wiki/Characterisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Characterisation">characterisation</a>, plot, <a href="/wiki/Language" title="Language">language</a>, and genre.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChambers194435_227-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChambers194435-227"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until <i>Romeo and Juliet</i>, for example, romance had not been viewed as a worthy topic for tragedy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELevenson200049–50_228-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELevenson200049–50-228"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>221<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Soliloquy" title="Soliloquy">Soliloquies</a> had been used mainly to convey information about characters or events, but Shakespeare used them to explore characters' minds.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClemen1987179_229-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClemen1987179-229"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>222<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His work heavily influenced later poetry. The <a href="/wiki/Romantic_poetry" title="Romantic poetry">Romantic poets</a> attempted to revive Shakespearean verse drama, though with little success. Critic <a href="/wiki/George_Steiner" title="George Steiner">George Steiner</a> described all English verse dramas from <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a> to <a href="/wiki/Alfred,_Lord_Tennyson" title="Alfred, Lord Tennyson">Tennyson</a> as "feeble variations on Shakespearean themes."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteiner1996145_230-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteiner1996145-230"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">John Milton</a>, considered by many to be the most important English poet after Shakespeare, wrote in tribute: "Thou in our wonder and astonishment/ Hast built thyself a live-long monument."<sup id="cite_ref-231" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-231"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>224<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shakespeare influenced novelists such as <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hardy_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Hardy (writer)">Thomas Hardy</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">William Faulkner</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>. The American novelist <a href="/wiki/Herman_Melville" title="Herman Melville">Herman Melville</a>'s soliloquies owe much to Shakespeare; his <a href="/wiki/Captain_Ahab" title="Captain Ahab">Captain Ahab</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Moby-Dick" title="Moby-Dick">Moby-Dick</a></i> is a classic <a href="/wiki/Tragic_hero" title="Tragic hero">tragic hero</a>, inspired by <i>King Lear</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryant199882_232-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant199882-232"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>225<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholars have identified 20,000 pieces of music linked to Shakespeare's works, including <a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix Mendelssohn</a>'s <a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(Mendelssohn)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (Mendelssohn)">overture and incidental music for <i>A Midsummer Night's Dream</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Prokofiev" title="Sergei Prokofiev">Sergei Prokofiev</a>'s ballet <a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(Prokofiev)" title="Romeo and Juliet (Prokofiev)"><i>Romeo and Juliet</i></a>. His work has inspired several operas, among them <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Giuseppe Verdi</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(Verdi)" title="Macbeth (Verdi)"><i>Macbeth</i></a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Otello" title="Otello">Otello</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Falstaff_(opera)" title="Falstaff (opera)"><i>Falstaff</i></a>, whose critical standing compares with that of the source plays.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGross2003641–642_233-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGross2003641–642-233"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>226<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare has also inspired many painters, including the Romantics and the <a href="/wiki/Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood" title="Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood">Pre-Raphaelites</a>, while <a href="/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth">William Hogarth</a>'s 1745 painting of actor <a href="/wiki/David_Garrick" title="David Garrick">David Garrick</a> playing Richard III was decisive in establishing the genre of theatrical portraiture in Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-234" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-234"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>227<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Swiss Romantic artist <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fuseli" title="Henry Fuseli">Henry Fuseli</a>, a friend of <a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">William Blake</a>, even translated <i>Macbeth</i> into German.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParaisz2006130_235-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEParaisz2006130-235"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>228<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The psychoanalyst <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a> drew on Shakespearean psychology, in particular, that of Hamlet, for his theories of human nature.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBloom1995346_236-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBloom1995346-236"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>229<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare has been a rich source for filmmakers; <a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> adapted <i>Macbeth</i> and <i>King Lear</i> as <i><a href="/wiki/Throne_of_Blood" title="Throne of Blood">Throne of Blood</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Ran_(film)" title="Ran (film)"><i>Ran</i></a>, respectively. Other examples of Shakespeare on film include <a href="/wiki/Max_Reinhardt" title="Max Reinhardt">Max Reinhardt</a>'s <a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(1935_film)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935 film)"><i>A Midsummer Night's Dream</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1948_film)" title="Hamlet (1948 film)">Hamlet</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a>'s documentary <i><a href="/wiki/Looking_For_Richard" class="mw-redirect" title="Looking For Richard">Looking For Richard</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-237" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-237"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>230<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a>, a lifelong lover of Shakespeare, directed and starred in <a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1948_film)" title="Macbeth (1948 film)"><i>Macbeth</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Othello_(1951_film)" title="Othello (1951 film)"><i>Othello</i></a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Chimes_at_Midnight" title="Chimes at Midnight">Chimes at Midnight</a></i>, in which he plays <a href="/wiki/John_Falstaff" title="John Falstaff">John Falstaff</a>, which Welles himself called his best work.<sup id="cite_ref-238" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-238"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>231<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Shakespeare's day, English grammar, spelling, and pronunciation were less standardised than they are now,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECercignani1981_239-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECercignani1981-239"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>232<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his use of language helped shape modern English.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrystal200155–65,_74_240-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrystal200155–65,_74-240"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>233<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a> quoted him more often than any other author in his <i><a href="/wiki/A_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language" title="A Dictionary of the English Language">A Dictionary of the English Language</a></i>, the first serious work of its type.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWain1975194_241-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWain1975194-241"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>234<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Expressions such as "with bated breath" (<i>Merchant of Venice</i>) and "a foregone conclusion" (<i>Othello</i>) have found their way into everyday English speech.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohnson200212_242-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohnson200212-242"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>235<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrystal200163_243-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrystal200163-243"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shakespeare's influence extends far beyond his native England and the English language. His reception in Germany was particularly significant; as early as the 18th century Shakespeare was widely translated and popularised in Germany, and gradually became a "classic of the <a href="/wiki/Weimar_Classicism" title="Weimar Classicism">German Weimar era</a>;" <a href="/wiki/Christoph_Martin_Wieland" title="Christoph Martin Wieland">Christoph Martin Wieland</a> was the first to produce complete translations of Shakespeare's plays in any language.<sup id="cite_ref-244" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-244"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>237<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-245" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-245"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>238<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Actor and theatre director <a href="/wiki/Simon_Callow" title="Simon Callow">Simon Callow</a> writes, "this master, this titan, this genius, so profoundly British and so effortlessly universal, each different culture – German, Italian, Russian – was obliged to respond to the Shakespearean example; for the most part, they embraced it, and him, with joyous abandon, as the possibilities of language and character in action that he celebrated liberated writers across the continent. Some of the most deeply affecting productions of Shakespeare have been non-English, and non-European. He is that unique writer: he has something for everyone."<sup id="cite_ref-246" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-246"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>239<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <i><a href="/wiki/Guinness_World_Records" title="Guinness World Records">Guinness World Records</a></i>, Shakespeare remains the world's best-selling playwright, with sales of his plays and poetry believed to have achieved in excess of four billion copies in the almost 400 years since his death. He is also the third <a href="/wiki/List_of_most_translated_individual_authors" title="List of most translated individual authors">most translated author in history</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-247" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-247"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>240<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_reputation">Critical reputation</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Reputation_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Reputation of William Shakespeare">Reputation of William Shakespeare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Shakespeare_criticism" title="Timeline of Shakespeare criticism">Timeline of Shakespeare criticism</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style=";"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>He was not of an age, but for all time. </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">—<a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonson199610_248-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonson199610-248"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>241<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>Shakespeare was not revered in his lifetime, but he received a large amount of praise.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDominik19889_249-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDominik19889-249"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b267_250-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b267-250"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>243<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1598, the cleric and author <a href="/wiki/Francis_Meres" title="Francis Meres">Francis Meres</a> singled him out from a group of English playwrights as "the most excellent" in both comedy and tragedy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b265_251-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b265-251"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>244<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreer19869_252-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreer19869-252"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>245<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The authors of <a href="/wiki/Parnassus_plays" title="Parnassus plays">the <i>Parnassus</i> plays</a> at <a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_College,_Cambridge" title="St John's College, Cambridge">St John's College, Cambridge</a>, numbered him with <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Chaucer" title="Geoffrey Chaucer">Chaucer</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Gower" title="John Gower">Gower</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Spenser" title="Edmund Spenser">Spenser</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b266_253-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b266-253"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>246<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/First_Folio" title="First Folio">First Folio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a> called Shakespeare the "Soul of the age, the applause, delight, the wonder of our stage", although he had remarked elsewhere that "Shakespeare wanted art" (lacked skill).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonson199610_248-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonson199610-248"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>241<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Restoration" title="Stuart Restoration">the Restoration</a> of the monarchy in 1660 and the end of the 17th century, classical ideas were in vogue. As a result, critics of the time mostly rated Shakespeare below <a href="/wiki/John_Fletcher_(playwright)" title="John Fletcher (playwright)">John Fletcher</a> and Ben Jonson.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b269_254-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b269-254"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>247<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rymer" title="Thomas Rymer">Thomas Rymer</a>, for example, condemned Shakespeare for mixing the comic with the tragic. Nevertheless, poet and critic <a href="/wiki/John_Dryden" title="John Dryden">John Dryden</a> rated Shakespeare highly, saying of Jonson, "I admire him, but I love Shakespeare".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDryden188971_255-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDryden188971-255"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>248<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also famously remarked that Shakespeare "was naturally learned; he needed not the spectacles of books to read nature; he looked inwards, and found her there."<sup id="cite_ref-256" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-256"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>249<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For several decades, Rymer's view held sway. But during the 18th century, critics began to respond to Shakespeare on his own terms and, like Dryden, to acclaim what they termed his natural genius. A series of scholarly editions of his work, notably those of <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a> in 1765 and <a href="/wiki/Edmond_Malone" title="Edmond Malone">Edmond Malone</a> in 1790, added to his growing reputation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b270–272_257-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b270–272-257"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>250<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELevin1986217_258-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELevin1986217-258"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>251<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1800, he was firmly enshrined as the national poet,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b270_259-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b270-259"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>252<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and described as the "<a href="/wiki/Bard" title="Bard">Bard</a> of Avon" (or simply "the Bard").<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDobson1992185–186_260-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDobson1992185–186-260"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>253<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-262" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-262"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 18th and 19th centuries, his reputation also spread abroad. Among those who championed him were the writers <a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stendhal" title="Stendhal">Stendhal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo" title="Victor Hugo">Victor Hugo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b272–74_263-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b272–74-263"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>255<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-265" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-265"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Shakespeare_Statue_in_Lincoln_Park.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/William_Shakespeare_Statue_in_Lincoln_Park.JPG/170px-William_Shakespeare_Statue_in_Lincoln_Park.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/William_Shakespeare_Statue_in_Lincoln_Park.JPG/255px-William_Shakespeare_Statue_in_Lincoln_Park.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/William_Shakespeare_Statue_in_Lincoln_Park.JPG/340px-William_Shakespeare_Statue_in_Lincoln_Park.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1289" data-file-height="2288" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_Ordway_Partridge" title="William Ordway Partridge">William Ordway Partridge</a>'s garlanded statue of William Shakespeare in <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Park,_Chicago" title="Lincoln Park, Chicago">Lincoln Park, Chicago</a>, typical of many created in the 19th and early 20th centuries</figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romantic era</a>, Shakespeare was praised by the poet and literary philosopher <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Samuel Taylor Coleridge</a>, and the critic <a href="/wiki/August_Wilhelm_Schlegel" title="August Wilhelm Schlegel">August Wilhelm Schlegel</a> translated his plays in the spirit of <a href="/wiki/German_Romanticism" title="German Romanticism">German Romanticism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELevin1986223_266-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELevin1986223-266"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>257<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 19th century, critical admiration for Shakespeare's genius often bordered on adulation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESawyer2003113_267-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESawyer2003113-267"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>258<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "This King Shakespeare," the essayist <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Thomas Carlyle</a> wrote in 1840, "does not he shine, in crowned sovereignty, over us all, as the noblest, gentlest, yet strongest of rallying signs; indestructible".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECarlyle1841161_268-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECarlyle1841161-268"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>259<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorians</a> produced his plays as lavish spectacles on a grand scale.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoch200258–59_269-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoch200258–59-269"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>260<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The playwright and critic <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a> mocked the cult of Shakespeare worship as "<a href="/wiki/Bardolatry" title="Bardolatry">bardolatry</a>", claiming that the new <a href="/wiki/Naturalism_(theatre)" title="Naturalism (theatre)">naturalism</a> of <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Ibsen" title="Henrik Ibsen">Ibsen</a>'s plays had made Shakespeare obsolete.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b276_270-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b276-270"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>261<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The modernist revolution in the arts during the early 20th century, far from discarding Shakespeare, eagerly enlisted his work in the service of the <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">avant-garde</a>. The <a href="/wiki/German_Expressionism_(cinema)" class="mw-redirect" title="German Expressionism (cinema)">Expressionists in Germany</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Futurism" title="Futurism">Futurists</a> in Moscow mounted productions of his plays. Marxist playwright and director <a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a> devised an <a href="/wiki/Epic_theatre" title="Epic theatre">epic theatre</a> under the influence of Shakespeare. The poet and critic <a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a> argued against Shaw that Shakespeare's "primitiveness" in fact made him truly modern.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady2001a22–26_271-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady2001a22–26-271"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>262<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eliot, along with <a href="/wiki/G._Wilson_Knight" title="G. Wilson Knight">G. Wilson Knight</a> and the school of <a href="/wiki/New_Criticism" title="New Criticism">New Criticism</a>, led a movement towards a closer reading of Shakespeare's imagery. In the 1950s, a wave of new critical approaches replaced modernism and paved the way for <a href="/wiki/Postmodernism" title="Postmodernism">post-modern</a> studies of Shakespeare.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady2001a24_272-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady2001a24-272"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>263<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Comparing Shakespeare's accomplishments to those of leading figures in philosophy and theology, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Bloom" title="Harold Bloom">Harold Bloom</a> wrote, "Shakespeare was larger than <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> and than <a href="/wiki/St._Augustine" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Augustine">St. Augustine</a>. He <i>encloses</i> us because we <i>see</i> with his fundamental perceptions."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBloom2008xii_273-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBloom2008xii-273"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>264<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Speculation">Speculation</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Authorship">Authorship</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_authorship_question" title="Shakespeare authorship question">Shakespeare authorship question</a></div> <p>Around 230 years after Shakespeare's death, doubts began to be expressed about the authorship of the works attributed to him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro201077–78_274-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro201077–78-274"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>265<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proposed alternative candidates include <a href="/wiki/Francis_Bacon" title="Francis Bacon">Francis Bacon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Marlowe" title="Christopher Marlowe">Christopher Marlowe</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Edward_de_Vere,_17th_Earl_of_Oxford" title="Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford">Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGibson200548,_72,_124_275-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGibson200548,_72,_124-275"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>266<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several "group theories" have also been proposed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcMichaelGlenn196256_276-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcMichaelGlenn196256-276"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>267<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All but a few Shakespeare scholars and literary historians consider it a <a href="/wiki/Fringe_theory" title="Fringe theory">fringe theory</a>, with only a small minority of academics who believe that there is reason to question the traditional attribution,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_New_York_Times2007_277-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_New_York_Times2007-277"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>268<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but interest in the subject, particularly the <a href="/wiki/Oxfordian_theory_of_Shakespeare_authorship" title="Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship">Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship</a>, continues into the 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKathman2003620,_625–626_278-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKathman2003620,_625–626-278"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>269<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELove2002194–209_279-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELove2002194–209-279"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>270<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1991430–440_280-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1991430–440-280"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>271<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Religious views of William Shakespeare">Religious views of William Shakespeare</a></div> <p>Shakespeare conformed to the official state religion,<sup id="cite_ref-282" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-282"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>j<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but his private views on religion have been the subject of debate. <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_will" title="Shakespeare's will">Shakespeare's will</a> uses a Protestant formula, and he was a confirmed member of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>, where he was married, his children were baptised, and where he is buried. </p><p>Some scholars are of the view that members of Shakespeare's family were Catholics, at a time when practising Catholicism in England was against the law.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPritchard19793_283-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPritchard19793-283"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>273<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare's mother, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Shakespeare" title="Mary Shakespeare">Mary Arden</a>, certainly came from a pious Catholic family. The strongest evidence might be a Catholic statement of faith signed by his father, <a href="/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare">John Shakespeare</a>, found in 1757 in the rafters of his former house in Henley Street. However, the document is now lost and scholars differ as to its authenticity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood200375–78_284-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood200375–78-284"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>274<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd200622–23_285-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd200622–23-285"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>275<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1591, the authorities reported that John Shakespeare had missed church "for fear of process for debt", a common Catholic excuse.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood200378_286-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood200378-286"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>276<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006416_287-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006416-287"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>277<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198741–42,_286_288-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198741–42,_286-288"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>278<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1606, the name of William's daughter Susanna appears on a list of those who failed to attend Easter <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">communion</a> in Stratford.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWood200378_286-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWood200378-286"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>276<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006416_287-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006416-287"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>277<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198741–42,_286_288-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198741–42,_286-288"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>278<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other authors argue that there is a lack of evidence about Shakespeare's religious beliefs. Scholars find evidence both for and against Shakespeare's Catholicism, Protestantism, or lack of belief in his plays, but the truth may be impossible to prove.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson200434_289-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson200434-289"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>279<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005167_290-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005167-290"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>280<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sexuality">Sexuality</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sexuality_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Sexuality of William Shakespeare">Sexuality of William Shakespeare</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shakespeare%27s_family_circle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Shakespeare%27s_family_circle.jpg/220px-Shakespeare%27s_family_circle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Shakespeare%27s_family_circle.jpg/330px-Shakespeare%27s_family_circle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Shakespeare%27s_family_circle.jpg/440px-Shakespeare%27s_family_circle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1241" data-file-height="899" /></a><figcaption>Artistic depiction of the Shakespeare family, late 19th century</figcaption></figure> <p>Few details of Shakespeare's sexuality are known. At 18, he married 26-year-old <a href="/wiki/Anne_Hathaway_(wife_of_Shakespeare)" title="Anne Hathaway (wife of Shakespeare)">Anne Hathaway</a>, who was pregnant. Susanna, the first of their three children, was born six months later on 26 May 1583. Over the centuries, some readers have posited that Shakespeare's sonnets are autobiographical,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELee190055_291-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELee190055-291"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>281<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and point to them as evidence of his love for a young man. Others read the same passages as the expression of intense friendship rather than romantic love.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECasey1998_292-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECasey1998-292"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>282<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPequigney1985_293-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPequigney1985-293"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>283<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans1996132_294-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans1996132-294"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>284<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 26 so-called <a href="/wiki/Dark_Lady_(Shakespeare)" title="Dark Lady (Shakespeare)">"Dark Lady"</a> sonnets, addressed to a married woman, are taken as evidence of heterosexual liaisons.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFort1927406–414_295-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFort1927406–414-295"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>285<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portraiture">Portraiture</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Portraits_of_Shakespeare" title="Portraits of Shakespeare">Portraits of Shakespeare</a></div> <p>No written contemporary description of Shakespeare's physical appearance survives, and no evidence suggests that he ever commissioned a portrait. From the 18th century, the desire for authentic Shakespeare portraits fuelled claims that various surviving pictures depicted Shakespeare.<sup id="cite_ref-296" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-296"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>286<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That demand also led to the production of several fake portraits, as well as misattributions, re-paintings, and relabelling of portraits of other people.<sup id="cite_ref-297" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-297"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>287<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1981190_298-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1981190-298"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>288<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some scholars suggest that the <a href="/wiki/Droeshout_portrait" title="Droeshout portrait">Droeshout portrait</a>, which <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a> approved of as a good likeness,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper200648,_57_299-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper200648,_57-299"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>289<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_funerary_monument" title="Shakespeare's funerary monument">Stratford monument</a> provide perhaps the best evidence of his appearance.<sup id="cite_ref-300" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-300"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>290<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the claimed paintings, art historian <a href="/wiki/Tarnya_Cooper" title="Tarnya Cooper">Tarnya Cooper</a> concluded that the <a href="/wiki/Chandos_portrait" title="Chandos portrait">Chandos portrait</a> had "the strongest claim of any of the known contenders to be a true portrait of Shakespeare". After a three-year study supported by the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery, London</a>, the portrait's owners, Cooper contended that its composition date, contemporary with Shakespeare, its subsequent provenance, and the sitter's attire, all supported the attribution.<sup id="cite_ref-301" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-301"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>291<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Outline of William Shakespeare">Outline of William Shakespeare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Renaissance_theatre" title="English Renaissance theatre">English Renaissance theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spelling_of_Shakespeare%27s_name" title="Spelling of Shakespeare's name">Spelling of Shakespeare's name</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/World_Shakespeare_Bibliography" title="World Shakespeare Bibliography">World Shakespeare Bibliography</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Politics" title="Shakespeare's Politics">Shakespeare's Politics</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_sonnets" title="Shakespeare's sonnets">Shakespeare's sonnets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_plays" title="Shakespeare's plays">Shakespeare's plays</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The belief that Shakespeare was born on 23 April is a tradition and not a verified fact;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198724–26_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198724–26-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> see <a href="#Early_life">§ Early life</a> below. He was <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">baptised</a> 26 April.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dates follow the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, used in England throughout Shakespeare's lifespan, but with the start of the year adjusted to 1 January (see <a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">Old Style and New Style dates</a>). Under the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>, adopted in Catholic countries in 1582, Shakespeare died on 3 May.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987xv_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987xv-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Crest_(heraldry)" title="Crest (heraldry)">crest</a> is a silver falcon supporting a spear, while the motto is <i>Non Sanz Droict</i> (French for "not without right"). This motto is still used by <a href="/wiki/Warwickshire_County_Council" title="Warwickshire County Council">Warwickshire County Council</a>, in reference to Shakespeare.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Inscribed in Latin on his <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_funerary_monument" title="Shakespeare's funerary monument">funerary monument</a>: <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">AETATIS 53 DIE 23 APR</i></span> (In his 53rd year he died 23 April).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage311_311]_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage311_311]-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Verse by <a href="/wiki/James_Mabbe" title="James Mabbe">James Mabbe</a> printed in the First Folio.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKinney201211_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKinney201211-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Knight_(publisher)" title="Charles Knight (publisher)">Charles Knight</a>, 1842, in his notes on <i><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night" title="Twelfth Night">Twelfth Night</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1991[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage275_275]_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1991[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage275_275]-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In the scribal abbreviations <i>ye</i> for <i>the</i> (3rd line) and <i>yt</i> for <i>that</i> (3rd and 4th lines) the letter <i>y</i> represents <i>th</i>: see <i><a href="/wiki/Thorn_(letter)" title="Thorn (letter)">thorn</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-262">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The "national cult" of Shakespeare, and the "bard" identification, dates from September 1769, when the actor <a href="/wiki/David_Garrick" title="David Garrick">David Garrick</a> organised a week-long carnival at Stratford to mark the town council awarding him the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_City" title="Freedom of the City">freedom</a> of the town. In addition to presenting the town with a statue of Shakespeare, Garrick composed a doggerel verse, lampooned in the London newspapers, naming the banks of the Avon as the birthplace of the "matchless Bard".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcIntyre1999412–432_261-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcIntyre1999412–432-261"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>254<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-265">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grady cites <a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Letters_on_the_English" title="Letters on the English">Philosophical Letters</a></i> (1733); <a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Meister%27s_Apprenticeship" title="Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship">Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship</a></i> (1795); <a href="/wiki/Stendhal" title="Stendhal">Stendhal</a>'s two-part pamphlet <i>Racine et Shakespeare</i> (1823–25); and <a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo" title="Victor Hugo">Victor Hugo</a>'s prefaces to <i><a href="/wiki/Cromwell_(play)" title="Cromwell (play)">Cromwell</a></i> (1827) and <i><a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare_(essay)" title="William Shakespeare (essay)">William Shakespeare</a></i> (1864).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b272–274_264-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrady2001b272–274-264"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>256<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-282"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-282">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For example, <a href="/wiki/A.L._Rowse" class="mw-redirect" title="A.L. Rowse">A.L. Rowse</a>, the 20th-century Shakespeare scholar, was emphatic: "He died, as he had lived, a conforming member of the Church of England. His will made that perfectly clear—in facts, puts it beyond dispute, for it uses the Protestant formula."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERowse1988240_281-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERowse1988240-281"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>272<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198724–26-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198724–26_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum198724–26_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1987">Schoenbaum 1987</a>, pp. 24–26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987xv-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987xv_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1987">Schoenbaum 1987</a>, p. xv.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt200511-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt200511_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt200511_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreenblatt2005">Greenblatt 2005</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBevington20021–3-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBevington20021–3_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBevington20021–3_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBevington2002">Bevington 2002</a>, pp. 1–3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWells1997399-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWells1997399_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWells1997399_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWells1997">Wells 1997</a>, p. 399.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECraig20033-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECraig20033_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCraig2003">Craig 2003</a>, p. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free 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class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAckroyd2006">Ackroyd 2006</a>, p. 357.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxii-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxii_65-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xxii_65-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005">Wells et al. 2005</a>, p. xxii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987202–203-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987202–203_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1987">Schoenbaum 1987</a>, pp. 202–203.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHales1904401–402-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHales1904401–402_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHales1904401–402_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHales1904">Hales 1904</a>, pp. 401–402.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998121-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998121_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHonan1998">Honan 1998</a>, p. 121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005122-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShapiro2005122_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShapiro2005">Shapiro 2005</a>, p. 122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998325-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998325_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHonan1998">Honan 1998</a>, p. 325.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005405-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a 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class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRowse1963">Rowse 1963</a>, p. 453.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKinney201211-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKinney201211_89-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKinney201211_89-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinney2012">Kinney 2012</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage287_287]-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage287_287]_91-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1987">Schoenbaum 1987</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/williamshakespea0000scho/page/287">287</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987292–294-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a 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pp. 395–396.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChambers1930b8,_11,_104-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChambers1930b8,_11,_104_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChambers1930b">Chambers 1930b</a>, pp. 8, 11, 104.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage296_296]-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage296_296]_96-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1987">Schoenbaum 1987</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/williamshakespea0000scho/page/296">296</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChambers1930b7,_9,_13-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChambers1930b7,_9,_13_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChambers1930b">Chambers 1930b</a>, pp. 7, 9, 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987289,_318–319-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987289,_318–319_98-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1987">Schoenbaum 1987</a>, pp. 289, 318–319.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1991[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage275_275]-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1991[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage275_275]_99-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1991">Schoenbaum 1991</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/williamshakespea0000scho/page/275">275</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006483-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAckroyd2006483_101-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAckroyd2006">Ackroyd 2006</a>, p. 483.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye200516-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye200516_102-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrye2005">Frye 2005</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005145–146-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenblatt2005145–146_103-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreenblatt2005">Greenblatt 2005</a>, pp. 145–146.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987301–303-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987301–303_104-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1987">Schoenbaum 1987</a>, pp. 301–303.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987306–307-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987306–307_105-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1987">Schoenbaum 1987</a>, pp. 306–307.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xviii-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005xviii_106-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005">Wells et al. 2005</a>, p. xviii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2008-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2008_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBBC_News2008">BBC News 2008</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage306_306]-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage306_306]_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1987">Schoenbaum 1987</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/williamshakespea0000scho/page/306">306</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987308–310-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987308–310_110-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1987">Schoenbaum 1987</a>, pp. 308–310.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper200648-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper200648_111-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2006">Cooper 2006</a>, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWestminster_Abbeyn.d.-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWestminster_Abbeyn.d._112-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWestminster_Abbeyn.d.">Westminster Abbey n.d</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESouthwark_Cathedraln.d.-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESouthwark_Cathedraln.d._113-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSouthwark_Cathedraln.d.">Southwark Cathedral n.d</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomson200349-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomson200349_114-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThomson2003">Thomson 2003</a>, p. 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye20059-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye20059_115-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye20059_115-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrye2005">Frye 2005</a>, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998166-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998166_116-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHonan1998">Honan 1998</a>, p. 166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987159–161-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987159–161_117-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1987">Schoenbaum 1987</a>, pp. 159–161.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDuttonHoward2003147-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDuttonHoward2003147_118-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDuttonHoward2003">Dutton & Howard 2003</a>, p. 147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERibner2005154–155-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERibner2005154–155_119-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRibner2005">Ribner 2005</a>, pp. 154–155.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye2005105-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye2005105_120-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrye2005">Frye 2005</a>, p. 105.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERibner200567-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERibner200567_121-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRibner2005">Ribner 2005</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBednarz2004100-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBednarz2004100_122-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBednarz2004">Bednarz 2004</a>, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonan1998136-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonan1998136_123-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHonan1998">Honan 1998</a>, p. 136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1987[httpsarchiveorgdetailswilliamshakespea0000schopage166_166]-124"><span 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Shakespeare+Portrait+Is+A+Fake&rft.date=2005-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fshakespeare-portrait-is-a-fake%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1981190-298"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchoenbaum1981190_298-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchoenbaum1981">Schoenbaum 1981</a>, p. 190.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECooper200648,_57-299"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooper200648,_57_299-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2006">Cooper 2006</a>, pp. 48, 57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-300"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-300">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlberge2021" class="citation news cs1">Alberge, Dalya (19 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2021/mar/19/shakespeare-grave-effigy-believed-to-be-definitive-likeness">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Self-satisfied pork butcher': Shakespeare grave effigy believed to be definitive likeness"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=%27Self-satisfied+pork+butcher%27%3A+Shakespeare+grave+effigy+believed+to+be+definitive+likeness&rft.date=2021-03-19&rft.aulast=Alberge&rft.aufirst=Dalya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fculture%2F2021%2Fmar%2F19%2Fshakespeare-grave-effigy-believed-to-be-definitive-likeness&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-301"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-301">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHiggins2006" class="citation news cs1">Higgins, Charlotte (2 March 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/mar/02/arts.books">"The only true painting of Shakespeare - probably"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+only+true+painting+of+Shakespeare+-+probably&rft.date=2006-03-02&rft.aulast=Higgins&rft.aufirst=Charlotte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2006%2Fmar%2F02%2Farts.books&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3></div> <dl><dd><b>Books</b></dd></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAckroyd2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ackroyd" title="Peter Ackroyd">Ackroyd, Peter</a> (2006). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespeare00pete"><i>Shakespeare: The Biography</i></a></span>. London: Vintage. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7493-8655-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7493-8655-9"><bdi>978-0-7493-8655-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1036948826">1036948826</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+The+Biography&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Vintage&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1036948826&rft.isbn=978-0-7493-8655-9&rft.aulast=Ackroyd&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespeare00pete&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1923" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Quincy_Adams" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Quincy Adams">Adams, Joseph Quincy</a> (1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifeofwilliamsha00adam_0"><i>A Life of William Shakespeare</i></a>. Boston: <a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin" class="mw-redirect" title="Houghton Mifflin">Houghton Mifflin</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1935264">1935264</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Life+of+William+Shakespeare&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin&rft.date=1923&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1935264&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Joseph+Quincy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flifeofwilliamsha00adam_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaldwin1944" class="citation book cs1">Baldwin, T.W. (1944). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001112103"><i>William Shakspere's Small Latine & Lesse Greek</i></a>. Vol. 1. Urbana: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_Press" title="University of Illinois Press">University of Illinois Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/359037">359037</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230505000357/https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001112103">Archived</a> from the original on 5 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Shakspere%27s+Small+Latine+%26+Lesse+Greek&rft.place=Urbana&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=1944&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F359037&rft.aulast=Baldwin&rft.aufirst=T.W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalog.hathitrust.org%2FRecord%2F001112103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarroll1991" class="citation book cs1">Barroll, Leeds (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/politicsplaguesh0000barr"><i>Politics, Plague, and Shakespeare's Theater: The Stuart Years</i></a></span>. Ithaca: <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University_Press" title="Cornell University Press">Cornell University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-2479-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-2479-3"><bdi>978-0-8014-2479-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/23652422">23652422</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Politics%2C+Plague%2C+and+Shakespeare%27s+Theater%3A+The+Stuart+Years&rft.place=Ithaca&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F23652422&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-2479-3&rft.aulast=Barroll&rft.aufirst=Leeds&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpoliticsplaguesh0000barr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBate2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bate" title="Jonathan Bate">Bate, Jonathan</a> (2008). <i>The Soul of the Age</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Penguin Publishing">Penguin</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-670-91482-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-91482-1"><bdi>978-0-670-91482-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/237192578">237192578</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Soul+of+the+Age&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F237192578&rft.isbn=978-0-670-91482-1&rft.aulast=Bate&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBednarz2004" class="citation book cs1">Bednarz, James P. (2004). "Marlowe and the English literary scene". In Cheney, Patrick Gerard (ed.). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani00chen_319"><i>The Cambridge Companion to Christopher Marlowe</i></a></span>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani00chen_319/page/n108">90</a>–105. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCCOL0521820340">10.1017/CCOL0521820340</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-511-99905-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-511-99905-5"><bdi>978-0-511-99905-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/53967052">53967052</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Core">Cambridge Core</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Marlowe+and+the+English+literary+scene&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+Christopher+Marlowe&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=90-105&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F53967052&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCCOL0521820340&rft.isbn=978-0-511-99905-5&rft.aulast=Bednarz&rft.aufirst=James+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgecompani00chen_319&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBentley1961" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Eades_Bentley" title="Gerald Eades Bentley">Bentley, G.E.</a> (1961). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespearebiogr00bent"><i>Shakespeare: A Biographical Handbook</i></a></span>. New Haven: <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-25042-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-25042-2"><bdi>978-0-313-25042-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/356416">356416</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+A+Biographical+Handbook&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1961&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F356416&rft.isbn=978-0-313-25042-2&rft.aulast=Bentley&rft.aufirst=G.E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespearebiogr00bent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerry2005" class="citation book cs1">Berry, Ralph (2005). <i>Changing Styles in Shakespeare</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-315-88917-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-315-88917-7"><bdi>978-1-315-88917-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/868972698">868972698</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Changing+Styles+in+Shakespeare&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F868972698&rft.isbn=978-1-315-88917-7&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBevington2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Bevington" title="David Bevington">Bevington, David</a> (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespeare0000bevi"><i>Shakespeare</i></a></span>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Blackwell_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackwell Publishing">Blackwell</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-631-22719-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-631-22719-9"><bdi>978-0-631-22719-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/49261061">49261061</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F49261061&rft.isbn=978-0-631-22719-9&rft.aulast=Bevington&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespeare0000bevi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloom1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Bloom" title="Harold Bloom">Bloom, Harold</a> (1995). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/westerncanonbook00bloo"><i>The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Riverhead_Books" title="Riverhead Books">Riverhead Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57322-514-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57322-514-4"><bdi>978-1-57322-514-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/32013000">32013000</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Western+Canon%3A+The+Books+and+School+of+the+Ages&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Riverhead+Books&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F32013000&rft.isbn=978-1-57322-514-4&rft.aulast=Bloom&rft.aufirst=Harold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwesterncanonbook00bloo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloom1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Bloom" title="Harold Bloom">Bloom, Harold</a> (1999). <i>Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Riverhead_Books" title="Riverhead Books">Riverhead Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57322-751-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57322-751-3"><bdi>978-1-57322-751-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/39002855">39002855</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+The+Invention+of+the+Human&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Riverhead+Books&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F39002855&rft.isbn=978-1-57322-751-3&rft.aulast=Bloom&rft.aufirst=Harold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloom2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Bloom" title="Harold Bloom">Bloom, Harold</a> (2008). Heims, Neil (ed.). <i>King Lear</i>. Bloom's Shakespeare Through the Ages. <a href="/wiki/Infobase_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Infobase Publishing">Bloom's Literary Criticism</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7910-9574-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7910-9574-4"><bdi>978-0-7910-9574-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/156874814">156874814</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King+Lear&rft.series=Bloom%27s+Shakespeare+Through+the+Ages&rft.pub=Bloom%27s+Literary+Criticism&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F156874814&rft.isbn=978-0-7910-9574-4&rft.aulast=Bloom&rft.aufirst=Harold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoas1896" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_S._Boas" title="Frederick S. Boas">Boas, Frederick S.</a> (1896). <i>Shakspere and His Predecessors</i>. The University series. New York: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Scribner%27s_Sons" title="Charles Scribner's Sons">Charles Scribner's Sons</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fuc1.32106001899191">2027/uc1.32106001899191</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/221947650">221947650</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL20577303M">20577303M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakspere+and+His+Predecessors&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=The+University+series&rft.pub=Charles+Scribner%27s+Sons&rft.date=1896&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F221947650&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL20577303M%23id-name%3DOL&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fuc1.32106001899191&rft.aulast=Boas&rft.aufirst=Frederick+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowers1955" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Fredson_Bowers" title="Fredson Bowers">Bowers, Fredson</a> (1955). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oneditingshakesp0000bowe"><i>On Editing Shakespeare and the Elizabethan Dramatists</i></a></span>. Philadelphia: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania_Press" title="University of Pennsylvania Press">University of Pennsylvania Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2993883">2993883</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Editing+Shakespeare+and+the+Elizabethan+Dramatists&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=1955&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2993883&rft.aulast=Bowers&rft.aufirst=Fredson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foneditingshakesp0000bowe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoyce1996" class="citation book cs1">Boyce, Charles (1996). <i>Dictionary of Shakespeare</i>. Ware: <a href="/wiki/Wordsworth_Editions" title="Wordsworth Editions">Wordsworth</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85326-372-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85326-372-9"><bdi>978-1-85326-372-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/36586014">36586014</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Shakespeare&rft.place=Ware&rft.pub=Wordsworth&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F36586014&rft.isbn=978-1-85326-372-9&rft.aulast=Boyce&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBradbrook2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/M._C._Bradbrook" title="M. C. Bradbrook">Bradbrook, M.C.</a> (2004). "Shakespeare's Recollection of Marlowe". In Edwards, Philip; <a href="/wiki/Inga-Stina_Ewbank" title="Inga-Stina Ewbank">Ewbank, Inga-Stina</a>; Hunter, G.K. (eds.). <i>Shakespeare's Styles: Essays in Honour of Kenneth Muir</i>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 191–204. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-61694-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-61694-2"><bdi>978-0-521-61694-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/61724586">61724586</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shakespeare%27s+Recollection+of+Marlowe&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Styles%3A+Essays+in+Honour+of+Kenneth+Muir&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=191-204&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F61724586&rft.isbn=978-0-521-61694-2&rft.aulast=Bradbrook&rft.aufirst=M.C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBradley1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bradley" title="A. C. Bradley">Bradley, A.C.</a> (1991). <i>Shakespearean Tragedy: Lectures on Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Macbeth</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Group" title="Penguin Group">Penguin</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-053019-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-053019-3"><bdi>978-0-14-053019-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/22662871">22662871</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespearean+Tragedy%3A+Lectures+on+Hamlet%2C+Othello%2C+King+Lear+and+Macbeth&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F22662871&rft.isbn=978-0-14-053019-3&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=A.C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrooke2004" class="citation book cs1">Brooke, Nicholas (2004). "Language and Speaker in Macbeth". In Edwards, Philip; <a href="/wiki/Inga-Stina_Ewbank" title="Inga-Stina Ewbank">Ewbank, Inga-Stina</a>; Hunter, G.K. (eds.). <i>Shakespeare's Styles: Essays in Honour of Kenneth Muir</i>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 67–78. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-61694-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-61694-2"><bdi>978-0-521-61694-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/61724586">61724586</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Language+and+Speaker+in+Macbeth&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Styles%3A+Essays+in+Honour+of+Kenneth+Muir&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=67-78&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F61724586&rft.isbn=978-0-521-61694-2&rft.aulast=Brooke&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryant1998" class="citation book cs1">Bryant, John (1998). "<i>Moby-Dick</i> as Revolution". In Levine, Robert Steven (ed.). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani00levi"><i>The Cambridge Companion to Herman Melville</i></a></span>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani00levi/page/n64">65</a>–90. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCCOL0521554772">10.1017/CCOL0521554772</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-00037-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-00037-6"><bdi>978-1-139-00037-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/37442715">37442715</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Core">Cambridge Core</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Moby-Dick+as+Revolution&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+Herman+Melville&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=65-90&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F37442715&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCCOL0521554772&rft.isbn=978-1-139-00037-6&rft.aulast=Bryant&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgecompani00levi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarlyle1841" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle, Thomas</a> (1841). <a href="/wiki/On_Heroes,_Hero-Worship,_and_The_Heroic_in_History" class="mw-redirect" title="On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and The Heroic in History"><i>On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and The Heroic in History</i></a>. London: <a href="/wiki/James_Fraser_(publisher)" title="James Fraser (publisher)">James Fraser</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fhvd.hnlmmi">2027/hvd.hnlmmi</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/17473532">17473532</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL13561584M">13561584M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Heroes%2C+Hero-Worship%2C+and+The+Heroic+in+History&rft.place=London&rft.pub=James+Fraser&rft.date=1841&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F17473532&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL13561584M%23id-name%3DOL&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fhvd.hnlmmi&rft.aulast=Carlyle&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCercignani1981" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Fausto_Cercignani" title="Fausto Cercignani">Cercignani, Fausto</a> (1981). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespeareswork0000cerc"><i>Shakespeare's Works and Elizabethan Pronunciation</i></a></span>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-811937-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-811937-1"><bdi>978-0-19-811937-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4642100">4642100</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Works+and+Elizabethan+Pronunciation&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4642100&rft.isbn=978-0-19-811937-1&rft.aulast=Cercignani&rft.aufirst=Fausto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespeareswork0000cerc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChambers1923" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/E._K._Chambers" title="E. K. Chambers">Chambers, E.K.</a> (1923). <i>The Elizabethan Stage</i>. Vol. 2. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-811511-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-811511-3"><bdi>978-0-19-811511-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/336379">336379</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Elizabethan+Stage&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1923&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F336379&rft.isbn=978-0-19-811511-3&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=E.K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChambers1930a" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/E._K._Chambers" title="E. K. Chambers">Chambers, E.K.</a> (1930a). <i>William Shakespeare: A Study of Facts and Problems</i>. Vol. 1. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-811774-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-811774-2"><bdi>978-0-19-811774-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/353406">353406</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Shakespeare%3A+A+Study+of+Facts+and+Problems&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1930&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F353406&rft.isbn=978-0-19-811774-2&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=E.K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChambers1930b" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/E._K._Chambers" title="E. K. Chambers">Chambers, E.K.</a> (1930b). <i>William Shakespeare: A Study of Facts and Problems</i>. Vol. 2. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-811774-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-811774-2"><bdi>978-0-19-811774-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/353406">353406</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Shakespeare%3A+A+Study+of+Facts+and+Problems&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1930&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F353406&rft.isbn=978-0-19-811774-2&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=E.K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChambers1944" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/E._K._Chambers" title="E. K. Chambers">Chambers, E.K.</a> (1944). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespeareangle0000cham"><i>Shakespearean Gleanings</i></a></span>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8492-0506-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8492-0506-4"><bdi>978-0-8492-0506-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2364570">2364570</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespearean+Gleanings&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1944&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2364570&rft.isbn=978-0-8492-0506-4&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=E.K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespeareangle0000cham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClemen1987" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Clemen" title="Wolfgang Clemen">Clemen, Wolfgang</a> (1987). <i>Shakespeare's Soliloquies</i>. Translated by Scott-Stokes, Charity. London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35277-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35277-2"><bdi>978-0-415-35277-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/15108952">15108952</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Soliloquies&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F15108952&rft.isbn=978-0-415-35277-2&rft.aulast=Clemen&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClemen2005a" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Clemen" title="Wolfgang Clemen">Clemen, Wolfgang</a> (2005a). <i>Shakespeare's Dramatic Art: Collected Essays</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35278-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35278-9"><bdi>978-0-415-35278-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1064833286">1064833286</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Dramatic+Art%3A+Collected+Essays&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1064833286&rft.isbn=978-0-415-35278-9&rft.aulast=Clemen&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClemen2005b" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Clemen" title="Wolfgang Clemen">Clemen, Wolfgang</a> (2005b). <i>Shakespeare's Imagery</i> (2nd ed.). London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35280-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35280-2"><bdi>978-0-415-35280-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/59136636">59136636</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Imagery&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F59136636&rft.isbn=978-0-415-35280-2&rft.aulast=Clemen&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooper2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tarnya_Cooper" title="Tarnya Cooper">Cooper, Tarnya</a> (2006). <i>Searching for Shakespeare</i>. New Haven: <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-11611-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-11611-3"><bdi>978-0-300-11611-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/67294299">67294299</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Searching+for+Shakespeare&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F67294299&rft.isbn=978-0-300-11611-3&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Tarnya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCraig2003" class="citation book cs1">Craig, Leon Harold (2003). <i>Of Philosophers and Kings: Political Philosophy in Shakespeare's </i>Macbeth<i> and </i>King Lear<i><span></span></i>. Toronto: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto_Press" title="University of Toronto Press">University of Toronto Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8605-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8605-1"><bdi>978-0-8020-8605-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/958558871">958558871</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Of+Philosophers+and+Kings%3A+Political+Philosophy+in+Shakespeare%27s+Macbeth+and+King+Lear&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F958558871&rft.isbn=978-0-8020-8605-1&rft.aulast=Craig&rft.aufirst=Leon+Harold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCressy1975" class="citation book cs1">Cressy, David (1975). <i>Education in Tudor and Stuart England</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/St_Martin%27s_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="St Martin's Press">St Martin's Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7131-5817-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7131-5817-5"><bdi>978-0-7131-5817-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2148260">2148260</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Education+in+Tudor+and+Stuart+England&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=1975&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2148260&rft.isbn=978-0-7131-5817-5&rft.aulast=Cressy&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrystal2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Crystal" title="David Crystal">Crystal, David</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgeencyclo00crys"><i>The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language</i></a>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-40179-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-40179-1"><bdi>978-0-521-40179-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/49960817">49960817</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Encyclopedia+of+the+English+Language&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F49960817&rft.isbn=978-0-521-40179-1&rft.aulast=Crystal&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgeencyclo00crys&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDobson1992" class="citation book cs1">Dobson, Michael (1992). <i>The Making of the National Poet: Shakespeare, Adaptation and Authorship, 1660–1769</i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-818323-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-818323-5"><bdi>978-0-19-818323-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/25631612">25631612</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+the+National+Poet%3A+Shakespeare%2C+Adaptation+and+Authorship%2C+1660%E2%80%931769&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F25631612&rft.isbn=978-0-19-818323-5&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDominik1988" class="citation book cs1">Dominik, Mark (1988). <i>Shakespeare–Middleton Collaborations</i>. Beaverton: Alioth Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-945088-01-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-945088-01-1"><bdi>978-0-945088-01-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/17300766">17300766</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%E2%80%93Middleton+Collaborations&rft.place=Beaverton&rft.pub=Alioth+Press&rft.date=1988&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F17300766&rft.isbn=978-0-945088-01-1&rft.aulast=Dominik&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDowden1881" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Dowden" title="Edward Dowden">Dowden, Edward</a> (1881). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakspere01dowdgoog"><i>Shakspere</i></a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/D._Appleton_%26_Company" title="D. Appleton & Company">D. Appleton & Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/8164385">8164385</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL6461529M">6461529M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakspere&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=D.+Appleton+%26+Company&rft.date=1881&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F8164385&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL6461529M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.aulast=Dowden&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakspere01dowdgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrakakis1985" class="citation book cs1">Drakakis, John (1985). "Introduction". In Drakakis, John (ed.). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/alternativeshake0000unse"><i>Alternative Shakespeares</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Methuen_Publishing" title="Methuen Publishing">Methuen</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/alternativeshake0000unse/page/n16">1</a>–25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-416-36860-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-416-36860-4"><bdi>978-0-416-36860-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/11842276">11842276</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.btitle=Alternative+Shakespeares&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-25&rft.pub=Methuen&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F11842276&rft.isbn=978-0-416-36860-4&rft.aulast=Drakakis&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Falternativeshake0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDryden1889" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Dryden" title="John Dryden">Dryden, John</a> (1889). <a href="/wiki/Tom_Arnold_(literary_scholar)" title="Tom Arnold (literary scholar)">Arnold, Thomas</a> (ed.). <i>Dryden: An Essay of Dramatic Poesy</i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fumn.31951t00074232s">2027/umn.31951t00074232s</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7156-323-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7156-323-4"><bdi>978-81-7156-323-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7847292">7847292</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL23752217M">23752217M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dryden%3A+An+Essay+of+Dramatic+Poesy&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1889&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fumn.31951t00074232s&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL23752217M%23id-name%3DOL&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7847292&rft.isbn=978-81-7156-323-4&rft.aulast=Dryden&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuttonHoward2003" class="citation book cs1">Dutton, Richard; <a href="/wiki/Jean_E._Howard" title="Jean E. Howard">Howard, Jean E.</a> (2003). <i>A Companion to Shakespeare's Works: The Histories</i>. Vol. II. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Blackwell_Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackwell Publishers">Blackwell</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-631-22633-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-631-22633-8"><bdi>978-0-631-22633-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50002219">50002219</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Companion+to+Shakespeare%27s+Works%3A+The+Histories&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F50002219&rft.isbn=978-0-631-22633-8&rft.aulast=Dutton&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Howard%2C+Jean+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdwards1958" class="citation book cs1">Edwards, Phillip (1958). <i>Shakespeare's Romances: 1900–1957</i>. <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Survey" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare Survey">Shakespeare Survey</a>. Vol. 11. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 1–18. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCCOL0521064244.001">10.1017/CCOL0521064244.001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-05291-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-05291-7"><bdi>978-1-139-05291-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/220909427">220909427</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Core">Cambridge Core</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Romances%3A+1900%E2%80%931957&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=Shakespeare+Survey&rft.pages=1-18&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1958&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F220909427&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCCOL0521064244.001&rft.isbn=978-1-139-05291-7&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEliot1934" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">Eliot, T.S.</a> (1934). <i>Elizabethan Essays</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Faber_%26_Faber" title="Faber & Faber">Faber & Faber</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-15-629051-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-15-629051-7"><bdi>978-0-15-629051-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/9738219">9738219</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabethan+Essays&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Faber+%26+Faber&rft.date=1934&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F9738219&rft.isbn=978-0-15-629051-7&rft.aulast=Eliot&rft.aufirst=T.S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/G._Blakemore_Evans" title="G. Blakemore Evans">Evans, G. Blakemore</a>, ed. (1996). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sonnets0000shak_s5k7"><i>The Sonnets</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Cambridge_Shakespeare" class="mw-redirect" title="The New Cambridge Shakespeare">The New Cambridge Shakespeare</a>. Vol. 26. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-22225-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-22225-9"><bdi>978-0-521-22225-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/32272082">32272082</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sonnets&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=The+New+Cambridge+Shakespeare&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F32272082&rft.isbn=978-0-521-22225-9&rft.aulast=Shakespeare&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsonnets0000shak_s5k7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoakes1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/R._A._Foakes" title="R. A. Foakes">Foakes, R.A.</a> (1990). "Playhouses and players". In Braunmuller, A.R.; Hattaway, Michael (eds.). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani0000unse_m8d3"><i>The Cambridge Companion to English Renaissance Drama</i></a></span>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani0000unse_m8d3/page/1">1–52</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-38662-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-38662-3"><bdi>978-0-521-38662-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/20561419">20561419</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Playhouses+and+players&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+English+Renaissance+Drama&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=1-52&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F20561419&rft.isbn=978-0-521-38662-3&rft.aulast=Foakes&rft.aufirst=R.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgecompani0000unse_m8d3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedman2006" class="citation book cs1">Friedman, Michael D. (2006). "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'I'm not a feminist director but...': Recent Feminist Productions of <i>The Taming of the Shrew</i>". In Nelsen, Paul; Schlueter, June (eds.). <i>Acts of Criticism: Performance Matters in Shakespeare and his Contemporaries</i>. New Jersey: <a href="/wiki/Fairleigh_Dickinson_University_Press" title="Fairleigh Dickinson University Press">Fairleigh Dickinson University Press</a>. pp. 159–174. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8386-4059-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8386-4059-3"><bdi>978-0-8386-4059-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/60644679">60644679</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%27I%27m+not+a+feminist+director+but...%27%3A+Recent+Feminist+Productions+of+The+Taming+of+the+Shrew&rft.btitle=Acts+of+Criticism%3A+Performance+Matters+in+Shakespeare+and+his+Contemporaries&rft.place=New+Jersey&rft.pages=159-174&rft.pub=Fairleigh+Dickinson+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F60644679&rft.isbn=978-0-8386-4059-3&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=Michael+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrye2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roland_Frye" title="Roland Frye">Frye, Roland Mushat</a> (2005). <i>The Art of the Dramatist</i>. London; New York: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35289-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35289-5"><bdi>978-0-415-35289-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/493249616">493249616</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+the+Dramatist&rft.place=London%3B+New+York&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F493249616&rft.isbn=978-0-415-35289-5&rft.aulast=Frye&rft.aufirst=Roland+Mushat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibbons1993" class="citation book cs1">Gibbons, Brian (1993). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespearemulti0000gibb"><i>Shakespeare and Multiplicity</i></a></span>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9780511553103">10.1017/CBO9780511553103</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-511-55310-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-511-55310-3"><bdi>978-0-511-55310-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/27066411">27066411</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Core">Cambridge Core</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare+and+Multiplicity&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F27066411&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9780511553103&rft.isbn=978-0-511-55310-3&rft.aulast=Gibbons&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespearemulti0000gibb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibson2005" class="citation book cs1">Gibson, H.N. (2005). <i>The Shakespeare Claimants: A Critical Survey of the Four Principal Theories Concerning the Authorship of the Shakespearean Plays</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35290-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35290-1"><bdi>978-0-415-35290-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/255028016">255028016</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Shakespeare+Claimants%3A+A+Critical+Survey+of+the+Four+Principal+Theories+Concerning+the+Authorship+of+the+Shakespearean+Plays&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F255028016&rft.isbn=978-0-415-35290-1&rft.aulast=Gibson&rft.aufirst=H.N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrady2001a" class="citation book cs1">Grady, Hugh (2001a). "Modernity, Modernism and Postmodernism in the Twentieth Century's Shakespeare". In Bristol, Michael; McLuskie, Kathleen (eds.). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespearemoder00bris"><i>Shakespeare and Modern Theatre: The Performance of Modernity</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespearemoder00bris/page/n34">20</a>–35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-21984-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-21984-6"><bdi>978-0-415-21984-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/45394137">45394137</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Modernity%2C+Modernism+and+Postmodernism+in+the+Twentieth+Century%27s+Shakespeare&rft.btitle=Shakespeare+and+Modern+Theatre%3A+The+Performance+of+Modernity&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=20-35&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F45394137&rft.isbn=978-0-415-21984-6&rft.aulast=Grady&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespearemoder00bris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrady2001b" class="citation book cs1">Grady, Hugh (2001b). "Shakespeare criticism, 1600–1900". In de Grazia, Margreta; <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wells" title="Stanley Wells">Wells, Stanley</a> (eds.). <i>The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare</i>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 265–278. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCCOL0521650941.017">10.1017/CCOL0521650941.017</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-00010-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-00010-9"><bdi>978-1-139-00010-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/44777325">44777325</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Core">Cambridge Core</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shakespeare+criticism%2C+1600%E2%80%931900&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+Shakespeare&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=265-278&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F44777325&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCCOL0521650941.017&rft.isbn=978-1-139-00010-9&rft.aulast=Grady&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenblatt2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Greenblatt" title="Stephen Greenblatt">Greenblatt, Stephen</a> (2005). <i>Will in the World: How Shakespeare Became Shakespeare</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Pimlico_(publishing_imprint)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pimlico (publishing imprint)">Pimlico</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7126-0098-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7126-0098-9"><bdi>978-0-7126-0098-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/57750725">57750725</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Will+in+the+World%3A+How+Shakespeare+Became+Shakespeare&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Pimlico&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F57750725&rft.isbn=978-0-7126-0098-9&rft.aulast=Greenblatt&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenblattAbrams2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Greenblatt" title="Stephen Greenblatt">Greenblatt, Stephen</a>; <a href="/wiki/Meyer_Howard_Abrams" class="mw-redirect" title="Meyer Howard Abrams">Abrams, Meyer Howard</a>, eds. (2012). <i>Sixteenth/Early Seventeenth Century</i>. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Vol. 2. <a href="/wiki/W.W._Norton" class="mw-redirect" title="W.W. Norton">W.W. Norton</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-91250-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-91250-0"><bdi>978-0-393-91250-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/778369012">778369012</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sixteenth%2FEarly+Seventeenth+Century&rft.series=The+Norton+Anthology+of+English+Literature&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F778369012&rft.isbn=978-0-393-91250-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreer1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Germaine_Greer" title="Germaine Greer">Greer, Germaine</a> (1986). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespeare00gree"><i>Shakespeare</i></a></span>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-287538-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-287538-9"><bdi>978-0-19-287538-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/12369950">12369950</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F12369950&rft.isbn=978-0-19-287538-9&rft.aulast=Greer&rft.aufirst=Germaine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespeare00gree&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolland2000" class="citation book cs1">Holland, Peter, ed. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y8SQ3SJTIYsC"><i>Cymbeline</i></a>. London: <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Group" title="Penguin Group">Penguin</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-071472-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-071472-2"><bdi>978-0-14-071472-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/43639603">43639603</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230829192843/https://books.google.com/books?id=y8SQ3SJTIYsC">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cymbeline&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F43639603&rft.isbn=978-0-14-071472-2&rft.aulast=Shakespeare&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy8SQ3SJTIYsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHonan1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Park_Honan" title="Park Honan">Honan, Park</a> (1998). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespearelife00hona"><i>Shakespeare: A Life</i></a></span>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-811792-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-811792-6"><bdi>978-0-19-811792-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+A+Life&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-811792-6&rft.aulast=Honan&rft.aufirst=Park&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespearelife00hona&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHonigmann1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/E._A._J._Honigmann" title="E. A. J. Honigmann">Honigmann, E.A.J.</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rKMWPwtV7BoC"><i>Shakespeare: The 'Lost Years'<span></span></i></a> (Revised ed.). Manchester: <a href="/wiki/Manchester_University_Press" title="Manchester University Press">Manchester University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-5425-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-5425-9"><bdi>978-0-7190-5425-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40517369">40517369</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+The+%27Lost+Years%27&rft.place=Manchester&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40517369&rft.isbn=978-0-7190-5425-9&rft.aulast=Honigmann&rft.aufirst=E.A.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrKMWPwtV7BoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Johnson, Samuel</a> (2002) [1755]. Lynch, Jack (ed.). <i>Samuel Johnson's Dictionary: Selections from the 1755 Work that Defined the English Language</i>. Delray Beach: Levenger Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84354-296-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84354-296-4"><bdi>978-1-84354-296-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/56645909">56645909</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Samuel+Johnson%27s+Dictionary%3A+Selections+from+the+1755+Work+that+Defined+the+English+Language&rft.place=Delray+Beach&rft.pub=Levenger+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F56645909&rft.isbn=978-1-84354-296-4&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonson1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Jonson, Ben</a> (1996) [1623]. "To the memory of my beloued, The AVTHOR MR. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE: AND what he hath left vs". In <a href="/wiki/Charlton_Hinman" title="Charlton Hinman">Hinman, Charlton</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U7-iIzIF3-IC?hl"><i>The First Folio of Shakespeare</i></a> (2nd ed.). New York: <a href="/wiki/W.W._Norton_%26_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="W.W. Norton & Company">W.W. Norton & Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-03985-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-03985-6"><bdi>978-0-393-03985-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/34663304">34663304</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=To+the+memory+of+my+beloued%2C+The+AVTHOR+MR.+WILLIAM+SHAKESPEARE%3A+AND+what+he+hath+left+vs&rft.btitle=The+First+Folio+of+Shakespeare&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F34663304&rft.isbn=978-0-393-03985-6&rft.aulast=Jonson&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DU7-iIzIF3-IC%3Fhl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKastan1999" class="citation book cs1">Kastan, David Scott (1999). <i>Shakespeare After Theory</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-90112-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-90112-3"><bdi>978-0-415-90112-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40125084">40125084</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare+After+Theory&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40125084&rft.isbn=978-0-415-90112-3&rft.aulast=Kastan&rft.aufirst=David+Scott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKermode2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Kermode" title="Frank Kermode">Kermode, Frank</a> (2004). <i>The Age of Shakespeare</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Weidenfeld_%26_Nicolson" title="Weidenfeld & Nicolson">Weidenfeld & Nicolson</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-297-84881-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-297-84881-3"><bdi>978-0-297-84881-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52970550">52970550</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Age+of+Shakespeare&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52970550&rft.isbn=978-0-297-84881-3&rft.aulast=Kermode&rft.aufirst=Frank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKinney2012" class="citation book cs1">Kinney, Arthur F., ed. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qT6zl-Nyw8cC"><i>The Oxford Handbook of Shakespeare</i></a>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-956610-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-956610-5"><bdi>978-0-19-956610-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/775497396">775497396</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230829210414/https://books.google.com/books?id=qT6zl-Nyw8cC">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Shakespeare&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F775497396&rft.isbn=978-0-19-956610-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqT6zl-Nyw8cC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnutson2001" class="citation book cs1">Knutson, Roslyn (2001). <i>Playing Companies and Commerce in Shakespeare's Time</i>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9780511486043">10.1017/CBO9780511486043</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-511-48604-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-511-48604-3"><bdi>978-0-511-48604-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/45505919">45505919</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Core">Cambridge Core</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Playing+Companies+and+Commerce+in+Shakespeare%27s+Time&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F45505919&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9780511486043&rft.isbn=978-0-511-48604-3&rft.aulast=Knutson&rft.aufirst=Roslyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee1900" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lee" title="Sidney Lee">Lee, Sidney</a> (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespeareslif01leegoog"><i>Shakespeare's Life and Work: Being an Abridgment Chiefly for the Use of Students of a Life of A Life of William Shakespeare</i></a>. London: <a href="/wiki/Smith,_Elder_%26_Co." title="Smith, Elder & Co.">Smith, Elder & Co.</a> <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/355968">355968</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL21113614M">21113614M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Life+and+Work%3A+Being+an+Abridgment+Chiefly+for+the+Use+of+Students+of+a+Life+of+A+Life+of+William+Shakespeare&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Smith%2C+Elder+%26+Co.&rft.date=1900&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F355968&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL21113614M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sidney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespeareslif01leegoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevenson2000" class="citation book cs1">Levenson, Jill L., ed. (2000). <i>Romeo and Juliet</i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-281496-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-281496-8"><bdi>978-0-19-281496-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/41991397">41991397</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Romeo+and+Juliet&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F41991397&rft.isbn=978-0-19-281496-8&rft.aulast=Shakespeare&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevin1986" class="citation book cs1">Levin, Harry (1986). "Critical Approaches to Shakespeare from 1660 to 1904". In <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wells" title="Stanley Wells">Wells, Stanley</a> (ed.). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani00well"><i>The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare Studies</i></a></span>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-31841-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-31841-9"><bdi>978-0-521-31841-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/12945372">12945372</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Critical+Approaches+to+Shakespeare+from+1660+to+1904&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+Shakespeare+Studies&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F12945372&rft.isbn=978-0-521-31841-9&rft.aulast=Levin&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgecompani00well&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLove2002" class="citation book cs1">Love, Harold (2002). <i>Attributing Authorship: An Introduction</i>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9780511483165">10.1017/CBO9780511483165</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-511-48316-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-511-48316-5"><bdi>978-0-511-48316-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/70741078">70741078</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Core">Cambridge Core</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Attributing+Authorship%3A+An+Introduction&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F70741078&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9780511483165&rft.isbn=978-0-511-48316-5&rft.aulast=Love&rft.aufirst=Harold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaguire1996" class="citation book cs1">Maguire, Laurie E. (1996). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespeareansus0000magu"><i>Shakespearean Suspect Texts: The 'Bad' Quartos and Their Contexts</i></a></span>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9780511553134">10.1017/CBO9780511553134</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-511-55313-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-511-55313-4"><bdi>978-0-511-55313-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/726828014">726828014</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Core">Cambridge Core</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespearean+Suspect+Texts%3A+The+%27Bad%27+Quartos+and+Their+Contexts&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F726828014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9780511553134&rft.isbn=978-0-511-55313-4&rft.aulast=Maguire&rft.aufirst=Laurie+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespeareansus0000magu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonald2006" class="citation book cs1">McDonald, Russ (2006). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespeareslate0000mcdo"><i>Shakespeare's Late Style</i></a></span>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9780511483783">10.1017/CBO9780511483783</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-511-48378-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-511-48378-3"><bdi>978-0-511-48378-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/252529245">252529245</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Core">Cambridge Core</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Late+Style&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F252529245&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9780511483783&rft.isbn=978-0-511-48378-3&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Russ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespeareslate0000mcdo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcIntyre1999" class="citation book cs1">McIntyre, Ian (1999). <i>Garrick</i>. Harmondsworth: <a href="/wiki/Allen_Lane" title="Allen Lane">Allen Lane</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-028323-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-028323-5"><bdi>978-0-14-028323-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/43581619">43581619</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Garrick&rft.place=Harmondsworth&rft.pub=Allen+Lane&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F43581619&rft.isbn=978-0-14-028323-5&rft.aulast=McIntyre&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcMichaelGlenn1962" class="citation book cs1">McMichael, George; Glenn, Edgar M. (1962). <i>Shakespeare and his Rivals: A Casebook on the Authorship Controversy</i>. New York: Odyssey Press. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2113359">2113359</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare+and+his+Rivals%3A+A+Casebook+on+the+Authorship+Controversy&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Odyssey+Press&rft.date=1962&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2113359&rft.aulast=McMichael&rft.aufirst=George&rft.au=Glenn%2C+Edgar+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeagher2003" class="citation book cs1">Meagher, John C. (2003). <i>Pursuing Shakespeare's Dramaturgy: Some Contexts, Resources, and Strategies in his Playmaking</i>. New Jersey: <a href="/wiki/Fairleigh_Dickinson_University_Press" title="Fairleigh Dickinson University Press">Fairleigh Dickinson University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8386-3993-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8386-3993-1"><bdi>978-0-8386-3993-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/51985016">51985016</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pursuing+Shakespeare%27s+Dramaturgy%3A+Some+Contexts%2C+Resources%2C+and+Strategies+in+his+Playmaking&rft.place=New+Jersey&rft.pub=Fairleigh+Dickinson+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F51985016&rft.isbn=978-0-8386-3993-1&rft.aulast=Meagher&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuir2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Muir_(scholar)" title="Kenneth Muir (scholar)">Muir, Kenneth</a> (2005). <i>Shakespeare's Tragic Sequence</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35325-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35325-0"><bdi>978-0-415-35325-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62584912">62584912</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Tragic+Sequence&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F62584912&rft.isbn=978-0-415-35325-0&rft.aulast=Muir&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagler1958" class="citation book cs1">Nagler, A.M. (1958). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespearesstag0000nagl"><i>Shakespeare's Stage</i></a></span>. New Haven: <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-02689-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-02689-4"><bdi>978-0-300-02689-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/6942213">6942213</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Stage&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1958&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6942213&rft.isbn=978-0-300-02689-4&rft.aulast=Nagler&rft.aufirst=A.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespearesstag0000nagl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParaisz2006" class="citation book cs1">Paraisz, Júlia (2006). "The Author, the Editor and the Translator: William Shakespeare, Alexander Chalmers and Sándor Petofi or the Nature of a Romantic Edition". <i>Editing Shakespeare</i>. <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Survey" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare Survey">Shakespeare Survey</a>. Vol. 59. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 124–135. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCCOL0521868386.010">10.1017/CCOL0521868386.010</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-05271-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-05271-9"><bdi>978-1-139-05271-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/237058653">237058653</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Core">Cambridge Core</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Author%2C+the+Editor+and+the+Translator%3A+William+Shakespeare%2C+Alexander+Chalmers+and+S%C3%A1ndor+Petofi+or+the+Nature+of+a+Romantic+Edition&rft.btitle=Editing+Shakespeare&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=Shakespeare+Survey&rft.pages=124-135&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F237058653&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCCOL0521868386.010&rft.isbn=978-1-139-05271-9&rft.aulast=Paraisz&rft.aufirst=J%C3%BAlia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPequigney1985" class="citation book cs1">Pequigney, Joseph (1985). <i>Such Is My Love: A Study of Shakespeare's Sonnets</i>. Chicago: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-65563-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-65563-5"><bdi>978-0-226-65563-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/11650519">11650519</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Such+Is+My+Love%3A+A+Study+of+Shakespeare%27s+Sonnets&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F11650519&rft.isbn=978-0-226-65563-5&rft.aulast=Pequigney&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPollard1909" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_W._Pollard" title="Alfred W. Pollard">Pollard, Alfred W.</a> (1909). <i>Shakespeare Quartos and Folios: A Study in the Bibliography of Shakespeare's Plays, 1594–1685</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Methuen_Publishing" title="Methuen Publishing">Methuen</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/46308204">46308204</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare+Quartos+and+Folios%3A+A+Study+in+the+Bibliography+of+Shakespeare%27s+Plays%2C+1594%E2%80%931685&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Methuen&rft.date=1909&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F46308204&rft.aulast=Pollard&rft.aufirst=Alfred+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPritchard1979" class="citation book cs1">Pritchard, Arnold (1979). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/catholicloyalism0000prit"><i>Catholic Loyalism in Elizabethan England</i></a></span>. Chapel Hill: <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_Press" title="University of North Carolina Press">University of North Carolina Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8078-1345-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8078-1345-4"><bdi>978-0-8078-1345-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4496552">4496552</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catholic+Loyalism+in+Elizabethan+England&rft.place=Chapel+Hill&rft.pub=University+of+North+Carolina+Press&rft.date=1979&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4496552&rft.isbn=978-0-8078-1345-4&rft.aulast=Pritchard&rft.aufirst=Arnold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcatholicloyalism0000prit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRibner2005" class="citation book cs1">Ribner, Irving (2005). <i>The English History Play in the Age of Shakespeare</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35314-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35314-4"><bdi>978-0-415-35314-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/253869825">253869825</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+English+History+Play+in+the+Age+of+Shakespeare&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F253869825&rft.isbn=978-0-415-35314-4&rft.aulast=Ribner&rft.aufirst=Irving&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRingler1997" class="citation book cs1">Ringler, William Jr (1997). "Shakespeare and His Actors: Some Remarks on King Lear". In Ogden, James; Scouten, Arthur Hawley (eds.). <i>In Lear from Study to Stage: Essays in Criticism</i>. New Jersey: <a href="/wiki/Fairleigh_Dickinson_University_Press" title="Fairleigh Dickinson University Press">Fairleigh Dickinson University Press</a>. pp. 123–134. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8386-3690-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8386-3690-9"><bdi>978-0-8386-3690-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/35990360">35990360</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shakespeare+and+His+Actors%3A+Some+Remarks+on+King+Lear&rft.btitle=In+Lear+from+Study+to+Stage%3A+Essays+in+Criticism&rft.place=New+Jersey&rft.pages=123-134&rft.pub=Fairleigh+Dickinson+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F35990360&rft.isbn=978-0-8386-3690-9&rft.aulast=Ringler&rft.aufirst=William+Jr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoe2006" class="citation book cs1">Roe, John, ed. (2006). <i>The Poems: Venus and Adonis, The Rape of Lucrece, The Phoenix and the Turtle, The Passionate Pilgrim, A Lover's Complaint</i>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Cambridge_Shakespeare" class="mw-redirect" title="The New Cambridge Shakespeare">The New Cambridge Shakespeare</a> (2nd revised ed.). Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-85551-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-85551-8"><bdi>978-0-521-85551-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/64313051">64313051</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Poems%3A+Venus+and+Adonis%2C+The+Rape+of+Lucrece%2C+The+Phoenix+and+the+Turtle%2C+The+Passionate+Pilgrim%2C+A+Lover%27s+Complaint&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=The+New+Cambridge+Shakespeare&rft.edition=2nd+revised&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F64313051&rft.isbn=978-0-521-85551-8&rft.aulast=Shakespeare&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRowe1709" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Rowe_(writer)" title="Nicholas Rowe (writer)">Rowe, Nicholas</a> (2009) [1709]. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Nicholl_(author)" title="Charles Nicholl (author)">Nicholl, Charles</a> (ed.). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/someaccountoflif0000rowe/mode/2up"><i>Some Account of the Life &c of Mr. William Shakespear</i></a></span>. Pallas Athene. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781843680567" title="Special:BookSources/9781843680567"><bdi>9781843680567</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Some+Account+of+the+Life+%26c+of+Mr.+William+Shakespear&rft.pub=Pallas+Athene&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781843680567&rft.aulast=Rowe&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsomeaccountoflif0000rowe%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRowse1963" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/A._L._Rowse" title="A. L. Rowse">Rowse, A.L.</a> (1963). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/williamshakespea00rows"><i>William Shakespeare; A Biography</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Harper_%26_Row" class="mw-redirect" title="Harper & Row">Harper & Row</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/352856">352856</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL21462232M">21462232M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Shakespeare%3B+A+Biography&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1963&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F352856&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL21462232M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.aulast=Rowse&rft.aufirst=A.L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilliamshakespea00rows&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRowse1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/A._L._Rowse" title="A. L. Rowse">Rowse, A.L.</a> (1988). <i>Shakespeare: The Man</i> (Revised ed.). <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-333-44354-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-333-44354-5"><bdi>978-0-333-44354-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/20527549">20527549</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+The+Man&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1988&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F20527549&rft.isbn=978-0-333-44354-5&rft.aulast=Rowse&rft.aufirst=A.L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSawyer2003" class="citation book cs1">Sawyer, Robert (2003). <i>Victorian Appropriations of Shakespeare</i>. New Jersey: <a href="/wiki/Fairleigh_Dickinson_University_Press" title="Fairleigh Dickinson University Press">Fairleigh Dickinson University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8386-3970-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8386-3970-2"><bdi>978-0-8386-3970-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/51040611">51040611</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Victorian+Appropriations+of+Shakespeare&rft.place=New+Jersey&rft.pub=Fairleigh+Dickinson+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F51040611&rft.isbn=978-0-8386-3970-2&rft.aulast=Sawyer&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchanzer1963" class="citation book cs1">Schanzer, Ernest (1963). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/problemplaysofsh0000scha"><i>The Problem Plays of Shakespeare</i></a></span>. London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kegan_Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegan Paul">Kegan Paul</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35305-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-35305-2"><bdi>978-0-415-35305-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2378165">2378165</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Problem+Plays+of+Shakespeare&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge+and+Kegan+Paul&rft.date=1963&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2378165&rft.isbn=978-0-415-35305-2&rft.aulast=Schanzer&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fproblemplaysofsh0000scha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchoch2002" class="citation book cs1">Schoch, Richard W. (2002). "Pictorial Shakespeare". In <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wells" title="Stanley Wells">Wells, Stanley</a>; Stanton, Sarah (eds.). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani00well_687"><i>The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare on Stage</i></a></span>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani00well_687/page/n74">58</a>–75. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCCOL0521792959.004">10.1017/CCOL0521792959.004</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-511-99957-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-511-99957-4"><bdi>978-0-511-99957-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/48140822">48140822</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Core">Cambridge Core</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pictorial+Shakespeare&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+Shakespeare+on+Stage&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=58-75&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F48140822&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCCOL0521792959.004&rft.isbn=978-0-511-99957-4&rft.aulast=Schoch&rft.aufirst=Richard+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgecompani00well_687&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchoenbaum1981" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Schoenbaum" title="Samuel Schoenbaum">Schoenbaum, Samuel</a> (1981). <i>William Shakespeare: Records and Images</i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-520234-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-520234-2"><bdi>978-0-19-520234-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/6813367">6813367</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Shakespeare%3A+Records+and+Images&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6813367&rft.isbn=978-0-19-520234-2&rft.aulast=Schoenbaum&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Sélincourt1909" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Basil_de_S%C3%A9lincourt" title="Basil de Sélincourt">de Sélincourt, Basil</a> (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/williamblake007928mbp"><i>William Blake</i></a>. The Library of Art. London: <a href="/wiki/Duckworth_%26_co" class="mw-redirect" title="Duckworth & co">Duckworth & co</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fmdp.39015066033914">2027/mdp.39015066033914</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL26411508M">26411508M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Blake&rft.place=London&rft.series=The+Library+of+Art&rft.pub=Duckworth+%26+co&rft.date=1909&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fmdp.39015066033914&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL26411508M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.aulast=de+S%C3%A9lincourt&rft.aufirst=Basil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilliamblake007928mbp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchoenbaum1987" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Schoenbaum" title="Samuel Schoenbaum">Schoenbaum, S.</a> (1987). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/williamshakespea0000scho"><i>William Shakespeare: A Compact Documentary Life</i></a></span> (Revised ed.). Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-505161-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-505161-2"><bdi>978-0-19-505161-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Shakespeare%3A+A+Compact+Documentary+Life&rft.place=Oxford&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-19-505161-2&rft.aulast=Schoenbaum&rft.aufirst=S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilliamshakespea0000scho&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchoenbaum1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Schoenbaum" title="Samuel Schoenbaum">Schoenbaum, Samuel</a> (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespeareslive00scho_0"><i>Shakespeare's Lives</i></a></span>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-818618-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-818618-2"><bdi>978-0-19-818618-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/58832341">58832341</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Lives&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F58832341&rft.isbn=978-0-19-818618-2&rft.aulast=Schoenbaum&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespeareslive00scho_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShapiro2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_S._Shapiro" title="James S. Shapiro">Shapiro, James</a> (2005). <i>1599: A Year in the Life of William Shakespeare</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Faber_and_Faber" class="mw-redirect" title="Faber and Faber">Faber and Faber</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-571-21480-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-571-21480-8"><bdi>978-0-571-21480-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/58832341">58832341</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1599%3A+A+Year+in+the+Life+of+William+Shakespeare&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Faber+and+Faber&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F58832341&rft.isbn=978-0-571-21480-8&rft.aulast=Shapiro&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShapiro2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_S._Shapiro" title="James S. Shapiro">Shapiro, James</a> (2010). <i>Contested Will: Who Wrote Shakespeare?</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-4162-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-4162-2"><bdi>978-1-4165-4162-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/699546904">699546904</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contested+Will%3A+Who+Wrote+Shakespeare%3F&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F699546904&rft.isbn=978-1-4165-4162-2&rft.aulast=Shapiro&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1964" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Irwin (1964). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespearesblac0000smit"><i>Shakespeare's Blackfriars Playhouse</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/New_York_University_Press" title="New York University Press">New York University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/256278">256278</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Blackfriars+Playhouse&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=New+York+University+Press&rft.date=1964&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F256278&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Irwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespearesblac0000smit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnyderCurren-Aquino2007" class="citation book cs1">Snyder, Susan; Curren-Aquino, Deborah, eds. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/winterstale00shakgoog"><i>The Winter's Tale</i></a>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-22158-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-22158-0"><bdi>978-0-521-22158-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/76798206">76798206</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Winter%27s+Tale&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F76798206&rft.isbn=978-0-521-22158-0&rft.aulast=Shakespeare&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwinterstale00shakgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteiner1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Steiner" title="George Steiner">Steiner, George</a> (1996). <i>The Death of Tragedy</i>. New Haven: <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-06916-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-06916-7"><bdi>978-0-300-06916-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/36209846">36209846</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Death+of+Tragedy&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F36209846&rft.isbn=978-0-300-06916-7&rft.aulast=Steiner&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1987" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Taylor_(scholar)" title="Gary Taylor (scholar)">Taylor, Gary</a> (1987). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/williamshakespea0000well"><i>William Shakespeare: A Textual Companion</i></a></span>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-812914-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-812914-1"><bdi>978-0-19-812914-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/13526264">13526264</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Shakespeare%3A+A+Textual+Companion&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F13526264&rft.isbn=978-0-19-812914-1&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilliamshakespea0000well&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Taylor_(scholar)" title="Gary Taylor (scholar)">Taylor, Gary</a> (1990) [1989]. <i>Reinventing Shakespeare: A Cultural History from the Restoration to the Present</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Hogarth_Press" title="Hogarth Press">Hogarth Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7012-0888-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7012-0888-2"><bdi>978-0-7012-0888-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/929677322">929677322</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reinventing+Shakespeare%3A+A+Cultural+History+from+the+Restoration+to+the+Present&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Hogarth+Press&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F929677322&rft.isbn=978-0-7012-0888-2&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Gary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWain1975" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Wain" title="John Wain">Wain, John</a> (1975). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/samueljohnson00wain"><i>Samuel Johnson</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Viking_Press" title="Viking Press">Viking</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-670-61671-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-61671-8"><bdi>978-0-670-61671-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1056697">1056697</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Samuel+Johnson&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Viking&rft.date=1975&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1056697&rft.isbn=978-0-670-61671-8&rft.aulast=Wain&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsamueljohnson00wain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWellsTaylorJowettMontgomery2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wells" title="Stanley Wells">Wells, Stanley</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gary_Taylor_(scholar)" title="Gary Taylor (scholar)">Taylor, Gary</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_Jowett" title="John Jowett">Jowett, John</a>; Montgomery, William, eds. (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completeworks0000shak_f0m2"><i>The Oxford Shakespeare: The Complete Works</i></a></span> (2nd ed.). Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-926717-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-926717-0"><bdi>978-0-19-926717-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1153632306">1153632306</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Shakespeare%3A+The+Complete+Works&rft.place=Oxford&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1153632306&rft.isbn=978-0-19-926717-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcompleteworks0000shak_f0m2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wells" title="Stanley Wells">Wells, Stanley</a> (1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespearelifei0000well_y5p6"><i>Shakespeare: A Life in Drama</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/W.W._Norton" class="mw-redirect" title="W.W. Norton">W.W. Norton</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-31562-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-31562-2"><bdi>978-0-393-31562-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/36867040">36867040</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+A+Life+in+Drama&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F36867040&rft.isbn=978-0-393-31562-2&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespearelifei0000well_y5p6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wells" title="Stanley Wells">Wells, Stanley</a> (2006). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespearecochr0000well"><i>Shakespeare & Co: Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Dekker, Ben Jonson, Thomas Middleton, John Fletcher and the Other Players in His Story</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Pantheon_Books" title="Pantheon Books">Pantheon</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-42494-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-42494-6"><bdi>978-0-375-42494-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/76820663">76820663</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare+%26+Co%3A+Christopher+Marlowe%2C+Thomas+Dekker%2C+Ben+Jonson%2C+Thomas+Middleton%2C+John+Fletcher+and+the+Other+Players+in+His+Story&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Pantheon&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F76820663&rft.isbn=978-0-375-42494-6&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespearecochr0000well&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wells" title="Stanley Wells">Wells, Stanley</a>; Orlin, Lena Cowen, eds. (2003). <i>Shakespeare: An Oxford Guide</i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-924522-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-924522-2"><bdi>978-0-19-924522-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50920674">50920674</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+An+Oxford+Guide&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F50920674&rft.isbn=978-0-19-924522-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGross2003" class="citation book cs1">Gross, John (2003). "Shakespeare's Influence". In <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wells" title="Stanley Wells">Wells, Stanley</a>; Orlin, Lena Cowen (eds.). <i>Shakespeare: An Oxford Guide</i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-924522-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-924522-2"><bdi>978-0-19-924522-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50920674">50920674</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shakespeare%27s+Influence&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+An+Oxford+Guide&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F50920674&rft.isbn=978-0-19-924522-2&rft.aulast=Gross&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKathman2003" class="citation book cs1">Kathman, David (2003). "The Question of Authorship". In <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wells" title="Stanley Wells">Wells, Stanley</a>; Orlin, Lena Cowen (eds.). <i>Shakespeare: an Oxford Guide</i>. Oxford Guides. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. pp. 620–632. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-924522-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-924522-2"><bdi>978-0-19-924522-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50920674">50920674</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Question+of+Authorship&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+an+Oxford+Guide&rft.place=Oxford&rft.series=Oxford+Guides&rft.pages=620-632&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F50920674&rft.isbn=978-0-19-924522-2&rft.aulast=Kathman&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomson2003" class="citation book cs1">Thomson, Peter (2003). "Conventions of Playwriting". In <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Wells" title="Stanley Wells">Wells, Stanley</a>; Orlin, Lena Cowen (eds.). <i>Shakespeare: An Oxford Guide</i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-924522-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-924522-2"><bdi>978-0-19-924522-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50920674">50920674</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Conventions+of+Playwriting&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+An+Oxford+Guide&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F50920674&rft.isbn=978-0-19-924522-2&rft.aulast=Thomson&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWerner2001" class="citation book cs1">Werner, Sarah (2001). <i>Shakespeare and Feminist Performance</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-22729-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-22729-2"><bdi>978-0-415-22729-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/45791390">45791390</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare+and+Feminist+Performance&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F45791390&rft.isbn=978-0-415-22729-2&rft.aulast=Werner&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson2004" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, Richard (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/secretshakespear00wils"><i>Secret Shakespeare: Studies in Theatre, Religion and Resistance</i></a></span>. Manchester: <a href="/wiki/Manchester_University_Press" title="Manchester University Press">Manchester University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-7024-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-7024-2"><bdi>978-0-7190-7024-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/55523047">55523047</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Secret+Shakespeare%3A+Studies+in+Theatre%2C+Religion+and+Resistance&rft.place=Manchester&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F55523047&rft.isbn=978-0-7190-7024-2&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsecretshakespear00wils&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood1806" class="citation book cs1">Wood, Manley, ed. (1806). <i>The Plays of William Shakespeare with Notes of Various Commentators</i>. Vol. I. London: George Kearsley. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/38442678">38442678</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Plays+of+William+Shakespeare+with+Notes+of+Various+Commentators&rft.place=London&rft.pub=George+Kearsley&rft.date=1806&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F38442678&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Wood_(historian)" title="Michael Wood (historian)">Wood, Michael</a> (2003). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespeare00wood"><i>Shakespeare</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Basic_Books" title="Basic Books">Basic Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-465-09264-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-465-09264-2"><bdi>978-0-465-09264-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1043430614">1043430614</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1043430614&rft.isbn=978-0-465-09264-2&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespeare00wood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWright2004" class="citation book cs1">Wright, George T. (2004). "The Play of Phrase and Line". In McDonald, Russ (ed.). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shakespeareantho0000unse_z9v6"><i>Shakespeare: An Anthology of Criticism and Theory, 1945–2000</i></a></span>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Blackwell_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackwell Publishing">Blackwell</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-631-23488-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-631-23488-3"><bdi>978-0-631-23488-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52377477">52377477</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Play+of+Phrase+and+Line&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%3A+An+Anthology+of+Criticism+and+Theory%2C+1945%E2%80%932000&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52377477&rft.isbn=978-0-631-23488-3&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=George+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshakespeareantho0000unse_z9v6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <dl><dd><b>Articles and online</b></dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 32em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCasey1998" class="citation journal cs1">Casey, Charles (1998). "Was Shakespeare gay? Sonnet 20 and the politics of pedagogy". <i>College Literature</i>. <b>25</b> (3): 35–51. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25112402">25112402</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=College+Literature&rft.atitle=Was+Shakespeare+gay%3F+Sonnet+20+and+the+politics+of+pedagogy&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=35-51&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25112402%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Casey&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFort1927" class="citation journal cs1">Fort, J.A. (October 1927). "The Story Contained in the Second Series of Shakespeare's Sonnets". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Review_of_English_Studies" title="The Review of English Studies">The Review of English Studies</a></i>. Original Series. <b>III</b> (12): 406–414. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fres%2Fos-III.12.406">10.1093/res/os-III.12.406</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0034-6551">0034-6551</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Journals" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford Journals">Oxford Journals</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Review+of+English+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Story+Contained+in+the+Second+Series+of+Shakespeare%27s+Sonnets&rft.volume=III&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=406-414&rft.date=1927-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fres%2Fos-III.12.406&rft.issn=0034-6551&rft.aulast=Fort&rft.aufirst=J.A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHales1904" class="citation magazine cs1">Hales, John W. (26 March 1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/p1athenaeum1904lond#page/400/mode/2up">"London Residences of Shakespeare"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Athenaeum_(British_magazine)" title="The Athenaeum (British magazine)">The Athenaeum</a></i>. No. 3987. London: John C. Francis. pp. 401–402.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Athenaeum&rft.atitle=London+Residences+of+Shakespeare&rft.issue=3987&rft.pages=401-402&rft.date=1904-03-26&rft.aulast=Hales&rft.aufirst=John+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fp1athenaeum1904lond%23page%2F400%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson2004" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/MacDonald_P._Jackson" title="MacDonald P. Jackson">Jackson, MacDonald P.</a> (2004). Zimmerman, Susan (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/A+Lover%27s+Complaint+revisited.-a0125306072">"<i>A Lover's Complaint</i> revisited"</a>. <i>Shakespeare Studies</i>. <b>XXXII</b>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0582-9399">0582-9399</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210323100406/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/A+Lover%27s+Complaint+revisited.-a0125306072">Archived</a> from the original on 23 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2017</span> – via <a href="/wiki/The_Free_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="The Free Library">The Free Library</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Shakespeare+Studies&rft.atitle=A+Lover%27s+Complaint+revisited&rft.volume=XXXII&rft.date=2004&rft.issn=0582-9399&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=MacDonald+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FA%2BLover%2527s%2BComplaint%2Brevisited.-a0125306072&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMowatWerstinen.d." class="citation web cs1">Mowat, Barbara; Werstine, Paul (n.d.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shakespeare.folger.edu/shakespeares-works/shakespeares-sonnets/sonnet-18/">"Sonnet 18"</a>. <i>Folger Digital Texts</i>. <a href="/wiki/Folger_Shakespeare_Library" title="Folger Shakespeare Library">Folger Shakespeare Library</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210623175149/https://shakespeare.folger.edu/shakespeares-works/shakespeares-sonnets/sonnet-18/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Folger+Digital+Texts&rft.atitle=Sonnet+18&rft.aulast=Mowat&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.au=Werstine%2C+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshakespeare.folger.edu%2Fshakespeares-works%2Fshakespeares-sonnets%2Fsonnet-18%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News2008" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/coventry_warwickshire/7422986.stm">"Bard's 'cursed' tomb is revamped"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 28 May 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100915013619/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/coventry_warwickshire/7422986.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 15 September 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Bard%27s+%27cursed%27+tomb+is+revamped&rft.date=2008-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fuk_news%2Fengland%2Fcoventry_warwickshire%2F7422986.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_New_York_Times2007" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/22/education/edlife/22shakespeare-survey.html">"Did He or Didn't He? That Is the Question"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 22 April 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210323100407/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/22/education/edlife/22shakespeare-survey.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Did+He+or+Didn%27t+He%3F+That+Is+the+Question&rft.date=2007-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F04%2F22%2Feducation%2Fedlife%2F22shakespeare-survey.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSouthwark_Cathedraln.d." class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192458/http://www.southwark.anglican.org/cathedral/tour/bill.htm">"Shakespeare Memorial"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Southwark_Cathedral" title="Southwark Cathedral">Southwark Cathedral</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://southwark.anglican.org/cathedral/tour/bill.htm">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shakespeare+Memorial&rft.pub=Southwark+Cathedral&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsouthwark.anglican.org%2Fcathedral%2Ftour%2Fbill.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestminster_Abbeyn.d." class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160403162702/http://www.westminster-abbey.org/archive/visit-us/highlights/poets-corner">"Visiting the Abbey"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.westminster-abbey.org/archive/visit-us/highlights/poets-corner">the original</a> on 3 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Visiting+the+Abbey&rft.pub=Westminster+Abbey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.westminster-abbey.org%2Farchive%2Fvisit-us%2Fhighlights%2Fpoets-corner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=William+Shakespeare">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=William+Shakespeare&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><b>By William Shakespeare</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?at=wp&au=William+Shakespeare&library=OLBP">Online books</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?at=wp&au=William+Shakespeare">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?at=wp&au=William+Shakespeare&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li></ul> </div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235611614">.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);margin:0.5em 0;padding:0.2em;line-height:1.5em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-header{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-listen-to{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-files{text-align:center;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-icon{float:left;margin-left:5px;margin-top:10px}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-disclaimer{margin-left:60px;margin-top:10px;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4em}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-footer{margin-top:10px;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia{width:20em;float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="spoken-wikipedia noprint haudio"><div class="spoken-wikipedia-header"><span class="spoken-wikipedia-listen-to">Listen to this article</span> (<span class="duration"><span class="min">48</span> minutes</span>)</div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-files"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="200" style="width:200px;" data-durationhint="2865" data-mwtitle="William_Shakespeare_(Spoken_Article).ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/William_Shakespeare_%28Spoken_Article%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/William_Shakespeare_%28Spoken_Article%29.ogg/William_Shakespeare_%28Spoken_Article%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-icon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spoken Wikipedia"><img alt="Spoken Wikipedia icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/45px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/68px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/90px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></span></span></div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-disclaimer"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Shakespeare_(Spoken_Article).ogg" title="File:William Shakespeare (Spoken Article).ogg">This audio file</a> was created from a revision of this article dated 11 April 2008<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2008-04-11</span>)</span>, and does not reflect subsequent edits.</div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-footer">(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Media help">Audio help</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spoken_articles" title="Wikipedia:Spoken articles">More spoken articles</a>)</div></div> <dl><dt>Digital editions</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bookwise.io/author/william-shakespeare">William Shakespeare's plays on Bookwise</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/">Internet Shakespeare Editions</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shakespeare.folger.edu/">The Folger Shakespeare</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/">Open Source Shakespeare</a> complete works, with search engine and concordance</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/org-467/20191016094633/http://quartos.org/">The Shakespeare Quartos Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/william-shakespeare">Works by William Shakespeare in eBook form</a> at <a href="/wiki/Standard_Ebooks" title="Standard Ebooks">Standard Ebooks</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/65">Works by William Shakespeare</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Shakespeare%2C%20William%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22William%20Shakespeare%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Shakespeare%2C%20William%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22William%20Shakespeare%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Shakespeare%2C%20W%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22William%20Shakespeare%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Shakespeare%2C%20William%22%20OR%20description%3A%22William%20Shakespeare%22%29%20OR%20%28%221564-1616%22%20AND%20Shakespeare%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about William Shakespeare</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/37">Works by William Shakespeare</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li></ul> <dl><dt>Exhibitions</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shakespearedocumented.folger.edu/">Shakespeare Documented</a> an online exhibition documenting Shakespeare in his own time</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/+/https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/dol/images/examples/pdfs/shakespeare.pdf">Shakespeare's Will</a> from <a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">The National Archives</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/">The Shakespeare Birthplace Trust</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bl.uk/people/william-shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210923070227/https://www.bl.uk/people/william-shakespeare">Archived</a> 23 September 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at the British Library</li></ul> <dl><dt>Music</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="https://www.cpdl.org/wiki/index.php/William_Shakespeare" class="extiw" title="choralwiki:William Shakespeare">Works by William Shakespeare set to music: free scores</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Choral_Public_Domain_Library" title="Choral Public Domain Library">Choral Public Domain Library</a> (ChoralWiki)</li> <li><a href="https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Shakespeare,_William" class="extiw" title="scores:Category:Shakespeare, William">Works by William Shakespeare set to music</a>: Scores at the <a href="/wiki/International_Music_Score_Library_Project" title="International Music Score Library Project">International Music Score Library Project</a></li></ul> <p><b>Education</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shakespeareathome.org/">Shakespeare at Home</a> an online resource providing free educational resources on William Shakespeare and the Renaissance world. Activities are dyslexia friendly and suitable for all ages.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Legacy and criticism</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/towncountry/towns/collections/collections-shakespeare/">Records on Shakespeare's Theatre Legacy from the UK Parliamentary Collections</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/private-lives/yourcountry/collections/churchillexhibition/churchill-death/herbert-samuel/">Winston Churchill & Shakespeare – UK Parliament Living Heritage</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 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aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:William_Shakespeare" title="Template:William Shakespeare"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:William_Shakespeare" title="Template talk:William Shakespeare"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:William_Shakespeare" title="Special:EditPage/Template:William Shakespeare"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_plays" title="Shakespeare's plays">Plays</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_comedy" title="Shakespearean comedy">Comedies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/All%27s_Well_That_Ends_Well" title="All's Well That Ends Well">All's Well That Ends Well</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/As_You_Like_It" title="As You Like It">As You Like It</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Comedy_of_Errors" title="The Comedy of Errors">The Comedy of Errors</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline" title="Cymbeline">Cymbeline</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labour%27s_Lost" title="Love's Labour's Lost">Love's Labour's Lost</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Measure_for_Measure" title="Measure for Measure">Measure for Measure</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice" title="The Merchant of Venice">The Merchant of Venice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" title="The Merry Wives of Windsor">The Merry Wives of Windsor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream">A Midsummer Night's Dream</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Much_Ado_About_Nothing" title="Much Ado About Nothing">Much Ado About Nothing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre" title="Pericles, Prince of Tyre">Pericles, Prince of Tyre</a></i> ✻</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" title="The Taming of the Shrew">The Taming of the Shrew</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest" title="The Tempest">The Tempest</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night" title="Twelfth Night">Twelfth Night</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona" title="The Two Gentlemen of Verona">The Two Gentlemen of Verona</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" title="The Two Noble Kinsmen">The Two Noble Kinsmen</a></i> ✻</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Winter%27s_Tale" title="The Winter's Tale">The Winter's Tale</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_tragedy" title="Shakespearean tragedy">Tragedies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra" title="Antony and Cleopatra">Antony and Cleopatra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coriolanus" title="Coriolanus">Coriolanus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(play)" title="Julius Caesar (play)">Julius Caesar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear" title="King Lear">King Lear</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Othello" title="Othello">Othello</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Romeo and Juliet">Romeo and Juliet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Timon_of_Athens" title="Timon of Athens">Timon of Athens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Titus_Andronicus" title="Titus Andronicus">Titus Andronicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Troilus_and_Cressida" title="Troilus and Cressida">Troilus and Cressida</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_history" title="Shakespearean history">Histories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/King_John_(play)" title="King John (play)">King John</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edward_III_(play)" title="Edward III (play)">Edward III</a></i> ✻</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_II_(play)" title="Richard II (play)">Richard II</a></i></li> <li><i>Henry IV</i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Part_1" title="Henry IV, Part 1">1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Part_2" title="Henry IV, Part 2">2</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_(play)" title="Henry V (play)">Henry V</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_(play)" title="Henry VI (play)">Henry VI</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_1" title="Henry VI, Part 1">1</a></i> ✻</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_2" title="Henry VI, Part 2">2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_3" title="Henry VI, Part 3">3</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(play)" title="Richard III (play)">Richard III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_(play)" title="Henry VIII (play)">Henry VIII</a></i> ✻</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_texts_of_Shakespeare%27s_works" title="Early texts of Shakespeare's works">Early editions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shakespeare_plays_in_quarto" title="List of Shakespeare plays in quarto">Quarto publications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Folio" title="First Folio">First Folio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Folio" title="Second Folio">Second Folio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_problem_play" title="Shakespearean problem play">Problem plays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_late_romances" title="Shakespeare's late romances">Late romances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henriad" title="Henriad">Henriad</a></li> <li>Characters <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shakespearean_characters_(A%E2%80%93K)" title="List of Shakespearean characters (A–K)">A–K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shakespearean_characters_(L%E2%80%93Z)" title="List of Shakespearean characters (L–Z)">L–Z</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_character" title="Ghost character">Ghost character</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Shakespeare%27s_plays" title="Chronology of Shakespeare's plays">Chronology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_in_performance" title="Shakespeare in performance">Performances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shakespearean_settings" title="List of Shakespearean settings">Settings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shakespearean_scenes" title="List of Shakespearean scenes">Scenes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chandos_portrait" title="Chandos portrait"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png/75px-Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png/113px-Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png/150px-Shakespeare_%28oval-cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_sonnets" title="Shakespeare's sonnets">Shakespeare's sonnets</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petrarch%27s_and_Shakespeare%27s_sonnets" title="Petrarch's and Shakespeare's sonnets">comparison to Petrarch</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Lover%27s_Complaint" title="A Lover's Complaint">A Lover's Complaint</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Phoenix_and_the_Turtle" title="The Phoenix and the Turtle">The Phoenix and the Turtle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rape_of_Lucrece" title="The Rape of Lucrece">The Rape of Lucrece</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Venus_and_Adonis_(Shakespeare_poem)" title="Venus and Adonis (Shakespeare poem)">Venus and Adonis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_apocrypha" title="Shakespeare apocrypha">Apocrypha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arden_of_Faversham" title="Arden of Faversham">Arden of Faversham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Birth_of_Merlin" title="The Birth of Merlin">The Birth of Merlin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_History_of_Cardenio" title="The History of Cardenio">Cardenio</a></i> ✻†</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Double_Falsehood" title="Double Falsehood">Double Falsehood</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ironside_(play)" title="Edmund Ironside (play)">Edmund Ironside</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fair_Em" title="Fair Em">Fair Em</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Locrine" title="Locrine">Locrine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Prodigal" title="The London Prodigal">The London Prodigal</a></i></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labour%27s_Won" title="Love's Labour's Won">Love's Labour's Won</a></i> †</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Devil_of_Edmonton" title="The Merry Devil of Edmonton">The Merry Devil of Edmonton</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mucedorus" title="Mucedorus">Mucedorus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Puritan" title="The Puritan">The Puritan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Second_Maiden%27s_Tragedy" title="The Second Maiden's Tragedy">The Second Maiden's Tragedy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sejanus_His_Fall" title="Sejanus His Fall">Sejanus His Fall</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Oldcastle" title="Sir John Oldcastle">Sir John Oldcastle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_More_(play)" title="Sir Thomas More (play)">Sir Thomas More</a></i> ✻</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spanish_Tragedy" title="The Spanish Tragedy">The Spanish Tragedy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lord_Cromwell" title="Thomas Lord Cromwell">Thomas Lord Cromwell</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_of_Woodstock_(play)" title="Thomas of Woodstock (play)">Thomas of Woodstock</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ur-Hamlet" title="Ur-Hamlet">Ur-Hamlet</a></i> †</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vortigern_and_Rowena" title="Vortigern and Rowena">Vortigern and Rowena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Yorkshire_Tragedy" title="A Yorkshire Tragedy">A Yorkshire Tragedy</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Passionate_Pilgrim" title="The Passionate Pilgrim">The Passionate Pilgrim</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/To_the_Queen" title="To the Queen">To the Queen</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Life_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Life of William Shakespeare">Life</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_William_Shakespeare" title="List of works by William Shakespeare">works</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Birthplace" title="Shakespeare's Birthplace">Birthplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_William_Shakespeare" title="List of works by William Shakespeare">Bibliography</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Complete_Works_of_Shakespeare" title="Complete Works of Shakespeare">Complete Works</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_translations_of_works_by_William_Shakespeare" title="List of translations of works by William Shakespeare">Translations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_coat_of_arms" title="Shakespeare coat of arms">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare%27s_collaborations" title="William Shakespeare's collaborations">Collaborations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_editors" title="Shakespeare's editors">Editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Renaissance_theatre" title="English Renaissance theatre">English Renaissance theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globe_Theatre" title="Globe Theatre">Globe Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_handwriting" title="Shakespeare's handwriting">Handwriting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Chamberlain%27s_Men" title="Lord Chamberlain's Men">Lord Chamberlain's Men</a>/<a href="/wiki/King%27s_Men_(playing_company)" title="King's Men (playing company)">King's Men</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Theatre" title="The Theatre">The Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtain_Theatre" title="Curtain Theatre">Curtain Theatre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_in_the_plays_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Music in the plays of William Shakespeare">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Place" title="New Place">New Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portraits_of_Shakespeare" title="Portraits of Shakespeare">Portraits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Religious views of William Shakespeare">Religious views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Sexuality of William Shakespeare">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spelling_of_Shakespeare%27s_name" title="Spelling of Shakespeare's name">Spelling of his name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford-upon-Avon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_writing_style" title="Shakespeare's writing style">Style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_will" title="Shakespeare's will">Will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Trinity,_Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Church of the Holy Trinity, Stratford-upon-Avon">Grave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reputation_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Reputation of William Shakespeare">Legacy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_attribution_studies" title="Shakespeare attribution studies">Attribution studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_authorship_question" title="Shakespeare authorship question">Authorship question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardolatry" title="Bardolatry">Bardolatry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_festival" title="Shakespeare festival">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_garden" title="Shakespeare garden">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influence_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Influence of William Shakespeare">Influence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorials_to_William_Shakespeare" title="Memorials to William Shakespeare">Memorials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_William_Shakespeare_screen_adaptations" title="List of William Shakespeare screen adaptations">Screen adaptations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_and_Star_Trek" title="Shakespeare and Star Trek">Shakespeare and <i>Star Trek</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_influence_on_Tolkien" title="Shakespeare's influence on Tolkien">Shakespeare's influence on Tolkien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_titled_after_Shakespeare" title="List of works titled after Shakespeare">Works titled after Shakespeare</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Institutions" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Folger_Shakespeare_Library" title="Folger Shakespeare Library">Folger Shakespeare Library</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Quarterly" title="Shakespeare Quarterly">Shakespeare Quarterly</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Shakespeare_Company" title="Royal Shakespeare Company">Royal Shakespeare Company</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Shakespeare_Theatre" title="Royal Shakespeare Theatre">Royal Shakespeare Theatre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Birthplace_Trust" title="Shakespeare Birthplace Trust">Shakespeare Birthplace Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Globe" title="Shakespeare's Globe">Shakespeare's Globe</a> (replica)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Institute" title="Shakespeare Institute">Shakespeare Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Hathaway_(wife_of_Shakespeare)" title="Anne Hathaway (wife of Shakespeare)">Anne Hathaway</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanna_Hall" title="Susanna Hall">Susanna Hall</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamnet_Shakespeare" title="Hamnet Shakespeare">Hamnet Shakespeare</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Quiney" title="Judith Quiney">Judith Quiney</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Barnard" title="Elizabeth Barnard">Elizabeth Barnard</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare">John Shakespeare</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Shakespeare" title="Mary Shakespeare">Mary Arden</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Shakespeare" title="Gilbert Shakespeare">Gilbert Shakespeare</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Shakespeare" title="Joan Shakespeare">Joan Shakespeare</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Shakespeare" title="Edmund Shakespeare">Edmund Shakespeare</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shakespeare" title="Richard Shakespeare">Richard Shakespeare</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hall_(physician)" title="John Hall (physician)">John Hall</a> (son-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Quiney" title="Thomas Quiney">Thomas Quiney</a> (son-in-law)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>✻ <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare%27s_collaborations" title="William Shakespeare's collaborations">Shakespeare and other authors</a></li> <li>† Lost</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:William_Shakespeare" title="Category:William Shakespeare">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Early_editions_of_William_Shakespeare&#039;s_works" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Earlybard" title="Template:Earlybard"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Earlybard" title="Template talk:Earlybard"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Earlybard" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Earlybard"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Early_editions_of_William_Shakespeare&#039;s_works" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Early editions of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s works</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_texts_of_Shakespeare%27s_works" title="Early texts of Shakespeare's works">Folios and quartos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foul_papers" title="Foul papers">Foul papers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shakespeare_plays_in_quarto" title="List of Shakespeare plays in quarto">List of Shakespeare plays in quarto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarto" title="Quarto">Quarto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folio_(printing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Folio (printing)">Folio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_quarto" title="Bad quarto">Bad quarto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_texts_of_Shakespeare%27s_works" title="Early texts of Shakespeare's works">First Quarto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Folio" title="First Folio">First Folio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Folio" title="Second Folio">Second Folio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_Folio" title="False Folio">False Folio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_editors" title="Shakespeare's editors">Early editors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Heminges" title="John Heminges">John Heminges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Condell" title="Henry Condell">Henry Condell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Knight_(King%27s_Men)" title="Edward Knight (King's Men)">Edward Knight</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publishers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Allot" title="Robert Allot">Robert Allot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Aspley" title="William Aspley">William Aspley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Benson_(publisher)" title="John Benson (publisher)">John Benson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Blount" title="Edward Blount">Edward Blount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuthbert_Burby" title="Cuthbert Burby">Cuthbert Burby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Butter" title="Nathaniel Butter">Nathaniel Butter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Chetwinde" title="Philip Chetwinde">Philip Chetwinde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hawkins_(publisher)" title="Richard Hawkins (publisher)">Richard Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Herringman" title="Henry Herringman">Henry Herringman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Leake" title="William Leake">William Leake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Meighen" title="Richard Meighen">Richard Meighen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Millington_(publisher)" title="Thomas Millington (publisher)">Thomas Millington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pavier" title="Thomas Pavier">Thomas Pavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smethwick" title="John Smethwick">John Smethwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Thorpe" title="Thomas Thorpe">Thomas Thorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Walkley" title="Thomas Walkley">Thomas Walkley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Waterson" title="John Waterson">John Waterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Wise" title="Andrew Wise">Andrew Wise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Printers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Allde" title="Edward Allde">Edward Allde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cotes" title="Thomas Cotes">Thomas Cotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Creede" title="Thomas Creede">Thomas Creede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Eld" title="George Eld">George Eld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Field_(printer)" title="Richard Field (printer)">Richard Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jaggard" title="William Jaggard">William Jaggard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_Matthews" title="Augustine Matthews">Augustine Matthews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Okes" title="Nicholas Okes">Nicholas Okes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Roberts_(printer)" title="James Roberts (printer)">James Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Short_(printer)" title="Peter Short (printer)">Peter Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentine_Simmes" title="Valentine Simmes">Valentine Simmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stansby" title="William Stansby">William Stansby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Shakespearean_tragedy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Shakespearean_tragedy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_tragedy" title="Shakespearean tragedy">Shakespearean tragedy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Antony_and_Cleopatra" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Antony_and_Cleopatra" title="Template:Antony and Cleopatra"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Antony_and_Cleopatra" title="Template talk:Antony and Cleopatra"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Antony_and_Cleopatra" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Antony and Cleopatra"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Antony_and_Cleopatra" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra" title="Antony and Cleopatra">Antony and Cleopatra</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_False_One" title="The False One">The False One</a></i> (<i>c.</i>1620)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_for_Love_(play)" title="All for Love (play)">All for Love</a></i> (1677)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra_(1966_opera)" class="mw-redirect" title="Antony and Cleopatra (1966 opera)">Antony and Cleopatra</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra_(2022_opera)" class="mw-redirect" title="Antony and Cleopatra (2022 opera)">Antony and Cleopatra</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On screen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra_(1908_film)" title="Antony and Cleopatra (1908 film)">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra_(1913_film)" title="Antony and Cleopatra (1913 film)">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra_(1959_film)" title="Antony and Cleopatra (1959 film)">1959</a> (TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spread_of_the_Eagle" title="The Spread of the Eagle">The Spread of the Eagle</a></i> (1963; TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra_(1972_film)" title="Antony and Cleopatra (1972 film)">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra_(1974_TV_drama)" title="Antony and Cleopatra (1974 TV drama)">1974</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfiqar_(film)" title="Zulfiqar (film)">Zulfiqar</a> (2016; film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cultural_depictions_of_Cleopatra" title="List of cultural depictions of Cleopatra">List of cultural depictions of Cleopatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Augustus" title="Cultural depictions of Augustus">Cultural depictions of Augustus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salad_days" title="Salad days">Salad days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asp_(snake)" title="Asp (snake)">Asp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_North" title="Thomas North">Thomas North</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_(1912_film)" title="Cleopatra (1912 film)">Cleopatra</a></i> (1912)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_(1917_film)" title="Cleopatra (1917 film)">Cleopatra</a></i> (1917)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Tragedies" title="Roman Tragedies">Roman Tragedies</a></i> (2007)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Antony_and_Cleopatra" title="Category:Antony and Cleopatra">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Coriolanus" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Coriolanus" title="Template:Coriolanus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Coriolanus" title="Template talk:Coriolanus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Coriolanus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Coriolanus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Coriolanus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Coriolanus" title="Coriolanus">Coriolanus</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coriolanus#Characters" title="Coriolanus">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Marcius_Coriolanus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaius Marcius Coriolanus">Caius Martius Coriolanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrippa_Menenius_Lanatus_(consul_503_BC)" title="Agrippa Menenius Lanatus (consul 503 BC)">Menenius Agrippa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postumus_Cominius_Auruncus" title="Postumus Cominius Auruncus">Cominius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titus_Larcius" title="Titus Larcius">Titus Lartius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Sicinius_Vellutus" title="Lucius Sicinius Vellutus">Sicinius Velutus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberius_Junius_Brutus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiberius Junius Brutus">Junius Brutus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attius_Tullius" title="Attius Tullius">Tullus Aufidius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fictional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volumnia" title="Volumnia">Volumnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgilia" title="Virgilia">Virgilia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gavin_Hamilton_-_Coriolanus_Act_V,_Scene_III_edit2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gavin_Hamilton_-_Coriolanus_Act_V%2C_Scene_III_edit2.jpg/100px-Gavin_Hamilton_-_Coriolanus_Act_V%2C_Scene_III_edit2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gavin_Hamilton_-_Coriolanus_Act_V%2C_Scene_III_edit2.jpg/150px-Gavin_Hamilton_-_Coriolanus_Act_V%2C_Scene_III_edit2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gavin_Hamilton_-_Coriolanus_Act_V%2C_Scene_III_edit2.jpg/200px-Gavin_Hamilton_-_Coriolanus_Act_V%2C_Scene_III_edit2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7156" data-file-height="5672" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coriolanus#Sources" title="Coriolanus">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus#Works" title="Dionysius of Halicarnassus">Roman Antiquities</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parallel_Lives" title="Parallel Lives">Parallel Lives</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ab_Urbe_Condita_Libri" class="mw-redirect" title="Ab Urbe Condita Libri">Ab Urbe Condita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Policraticus" title="Policraticus">Policraticus</a></i></li> <li><i>A Mervalious Combat of Contrarieties</i> (<a href="/wiki/William_Averell" title="William Averell">William Averell</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coriolanus#Adaptations" title="Coriolanus">Adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Coriolanus_(Brecht)" title="Coriolanus (Brecht)">Coriolanus</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spread_of_the_Eagle#"Coriolanus:_The_Hero"" title="The Spread of the Eagle">The Spread of the Eagle</a></i> (1963; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_Tragedy_of_Coriolanus" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">The Tragedy of Coriolanus</a></i> (1984; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coriolanus_(film)" title="Coriolanus (film)">Coriolanus</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Veturia" title="Veturia">Veturia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_North" title="Thomas North">Thomas North</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Tragedies" title="Roman Tragedies">Roman Tragedies</a></i> (2007)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Cymbeline" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cymbeline" title="Template:Cymbeline"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cymbeline" title="Template talk:Cymbeline"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cymbeline" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cymbeline"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Cymbeline" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline" title="Cymbeline">Cymbeline</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline#Characters" title="Cymbeline">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cunobeline" title="Cunobeline">Cymbeline</a></li> <li>Queen</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imogen_(Cymbeline)" title="Imogen (Cymbeline)">Imogen</a></li> <li>Posthumus Leonatus</li> <li>Cloten</li> <li>Belarius</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiderius" title="Guiderius">Guiderius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvirargus" title="Arvirargus">Arvirargus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (mythology)">Jupiter</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg/100px-Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg/150px-Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg/200px-Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="359" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline#Sources" title="Cymbeline">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i> (<i>c.</i> 1136)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Decameron" title="The Decameron">The Decameron</a></i> (<i>c.</i> 1353)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Holinshed%27s_Chronicles" title="Holinshed's Chronicles">Holinshed's Chronicles</a></i> (1577)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline#Adaptations_and_cultural_references" title="Cymbeline">Adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Cymbeline" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">Cymbeline</a></i> (1982; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline_(film)" title="Cymbeline (film)">Cymbeline</a></i> (2014)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_late_romances" title="Shakespeare's late romances">Shakespeare's late romances</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philaster_(play)" title="Philaster (play)">Philaster</a></i> (<i>c.</i>1609)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deus_ex_machina" title="Deus ex machina">Deus ex machina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milford_Haven" title="Milford Haven">Milford Haven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Hamlet" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hamlet" title="Template:Hamlet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hamlet" title="Template talk:Hamlet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hamlet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hamlet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Hamlet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Characters_in_Hamlet" title="Characters in Hamlet">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Hamlet" title="Prince Hamlet">Hamlet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/King_Claudius" title="King Claudius">Claudius</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_(Hamlet)" title="Gertrude (Hamlet)">Gertrude</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ghost_(Hamlet)" title="Ghost (Hamlet)">Ghost</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polonius" title="Polonius">Polonius</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laertes_(Hamlet)" title="Laertes (Hamlet)">Laertes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ophelia" title="Ophelia">Ophelia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Horatio_(Hamlet)" title="Horatio (Hamlet)">Horatio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rosencrantz_and_Guildenstern" title="Rosencrantz and Guildenstern">Rosencrantz and Guildenstern</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fortinbras" title="Fortinbras">Fortinbras</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Gravediggers" title="The Gravediggers">The Gravediggers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yorick" title="Yorick">Yorick</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soliloquies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/To_be,_or_not_to_be" title="To be, or not to be">To be, or not to be</a>"</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Mortal_coil" title="Mortal coil">Mortal coil</a>"</span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/What_a_piece_of_work_is_a_man" title="What a piece of work is a man">What a piece of work is a man</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Speak_the_speech" title="Speak the speech">Speak the speech</a>"</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Words and phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_lady_doth_protest_too_much,_methinks" title="The lady doth protest too much, methinks">The lady doth protest too much, methinks</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Thy_name_is" title="Thy name is">Thy name is</a>"</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dumbshow" title="Dumbshow">Dumbshow</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Induction_(play)" title="Induction (play)">Induction</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quiddity" title="Quiddity">Quiddity</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Substitution_(poetry)" title="Substitution (poetry)">Substitution</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sources_of_Hamlet" title="Sources of Hamlet">Sources</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Critical_approaches_to_Hamlet" title="Critical approaches to Hamlet">Criticism</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amleth" title="Amleth">Legend of Hamlet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spanish_Tragedy" title="The Spanish Tragedy">The Spanish Tragedy</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ur-Hamlet" title="Ur-Hamlet">Ur-Hamlet</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Critical_approaches_to_Hamlet" title="Critical approaches to Hamlet">Critical approaches</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_bibliographies" title="Hamlet bibliographies">Bibliographies</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saxo_Grammaticus" title="Saxo Grammaticus">Saxo Grammaticus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Gonzaga" title="House of Gonzaga">House of Gonzaga</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Damon_and_Pythias_(play)" title="Damon and Pythias (play)">Damon and Pythias</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Literary_influence_of_Hamlet" title="Literary influence of Hamlet">Influence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Phrases_from_Hamlet_in_common_English" title="Phrases from Hamlet in common English">Common phrases from <i>Hamlet</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_references_to_Hamlet" title="Cultural references to Hamlet">Cultural references to <i>Hamlet</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_references_to_Ophelia" title="Cultural references to Ophelia">Cultural references to Ophelia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_of_flowers" title="Language of flowers">Language of flowers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Human_skull_symbolism" title="Human skull symbolism">Human skull symbolism</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_in_performance" title="Hamlet in performance">Performances</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Art_Theatre_production_of_Hamlet" title="Moscow Art Theatre production of Hamlet">Moscow Art Theatre</a> (1911–1912)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Burton%27s_Hamlet" title="Richard Burton's Hamlet">Richard Burton</a> (1964)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_on_screen" title="Hamlet on screen">On screen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1900_film)" title="Hamlet (1900 film)">1900</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1907_film)" title="Hamlet (1907 film)">1907</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1908_film)" title="Hamlet (1908 film)">1908</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1912_film)" title="Hamlet (1912 film)">1912</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1913_film)" title="Hamlet (1913 film)">1913</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1917_film)" title="Hamlet (1917 film)">1917</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet:_The_Drama_of_Vengeance" title="Hamlet: The Drama of Vengeance">1921</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Khoon_Ka_Khoon" title="Khoon Ka Khoon">1935</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1948_film)" title="Hamlet (1948 film)">1948</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1954_film)" title="Hamlet (1954 film)">1954</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1961_film)" title="Hamlet (1961 film)">1961</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1964_film)" title="Hamlet (1964 film)">1964</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1969_film)" title="Hamlet (1969 film)">1969</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1974_film)" title="Hamlet (1974 film)">1974</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1990_film)" title="Hamlet (1990 film)">1990</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1996_film)" title="Hamlet (1996 film)">1996</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(2000_film)" title="Hamlet (2000 film)">2000</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(2011_film)" title="Hamlet (2011 film)">2011</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet#Stage_and_screen_adaptations" title="Hamlet">Adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rest_Is_Silence_(1959_film)" title="The Rest Is Silence (1959 film)">The Rest Is Silence</a></i> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bad_Sleep_Well" title="The Bad Sleep Well">The Bad Sleep Well</a></i> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Oph%C3%A9lia_(1963_film)" title="Ophélia (1963 film)">Ophelia</a></i> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Hamlet" title="Johnny Hamlet">Johnny Hamlet</a></i> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/One_Hamlet_Less" title="One Hamlet Less">One Hamlet Less</a></i> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Angel_of_Vengeance_%E2%80%93_The_Female_Hamlet" title="The Angel of Vengeance – The Female Hamlet">The Angel of Vengeance – The Female Hamlet</a></i> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Strange_Brew" title="Strange Brew">Strange Brew</a></i> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_Goes_Business" title="Hamlet Goes Business">Hamlet Goes Business</a></i> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lion_King" title="The Lion King">The Lion King</a></i> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Let_the_Devil_Wear_Black" title="Let the Devil Wear Black">Let the Devil Wear Black</a></i> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Banquet_(2006_film)" title="The Banquet (2006 film)">The Banquet</a></i> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Doubt_(2009_film)" title="Doubt (2009 film)">Doubt</a></i> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Karmayogi_(2012_film)" title="Karmayogi (2012 film)">Karmayogi</a></i> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Haider_(film)" title="Haider (film)">Haider</a></i> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_A.D.D." title="Hamlet A.D.D.">Hamlet A.D.D.</a></i> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hemanta_(film)" title="Hemanta (film)">Hemanta</a></i> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ophelia_(2018_film)" title="Ophelia (2018 film)">Ophelia</a></i> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lion_King_(2019_film)" title="The Lion King (2019 film)">The Lion King</a></i> (2019)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_Had_an_Uncle" title="Hamlet Had an Uncle">Hamlet Had an Uncle</a></i> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Too,_Too_Solid_Flesh" title="Too, Too Solid Flesh">Too, Too Solid Flesh</a></i> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_and_Claudius" title="Gertrude and Claudius">Gertrude and Claudius</a></i> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Dating_Hamlet" title="Dating Hamlet">Dating Hamlet</a></i> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dead_Fathers_Club" title="The Dead Fathers Club">The Dead Fathers Club</a></i> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Something_Rotten_(Gratz)" class="mw-redirect" title="Something Rotten (Gratz)">Something Rotten</a></i> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet%27s_Father" title="Hamlet's Father">Hamlet's Father</a></i> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Edgar_Sawtelle" title="The Story of Edgar Sawtelle">The Story of Edgar Sawtelle</a></i> (2008)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamletmachine" title="Hamletmachine">Hamletmachine</a></i> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Dogg%27s_Hamlet,_Cahoot%27s_Macbeth" title="Dogg's Hamlet, Cahoot's Macbeth">Dogg's Hamlet</a></i> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Fortinbras_(play)" title="Fortinbras (play)">Fortinbras</a></i> (1991)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musicals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Rockabye_Hamlet" title="Rockabye Hamlet">Rockabye Hamlet</a></i> (1973)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1959_film)" title="Hamlet (1959 film)">Hamlet</a></i> (Australian TV, 1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_at_Elsinore" title="Hamlet at Elsinore">Hamlet at Elsinore</a></i> (BBC, 1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Hamlet,_Prince_of_Denmark" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">Hamlet, Prince of Denmark</a></i> (BBC, 1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#Hamlet" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">Hamlet</a></i> (BBC 2, animated, 1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(2009_film)" title="Hamlet (2009 film)">Hamlet</a></i> (BBC 2, 2009)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/15-Minute_Hamlet" title="15-Minute Hamlet">15-Minute Hamlet</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Complete_Works_of_William_Shakespeare_(Abridged)" title="The Complete Works of William Shakespeare (Abridged)">The Complete Works of William Shakespeare (Abridged)</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Rosencrantz_and_Guildenstern_(play)" title="Rosencrantz and Guildenstern (play)">Rosencrantz and Guildenstern</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/I,_Hamlet" title="I, Hamlet">I, Hamlet</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Klingon_Hamlet" title="The Klingon Hamlet">The Klingon Hamlet</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/List_of_VeggieTales_videos#Lyle_the_Kindly_Viking_(2001)" title="List of VeggieTales videos">Lyle the Kindly Viking</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/To_Be_or_Not_to_Be_(book)" title="To Be or Not to Be (book)">To Be or Not to Be: That is the Adventure</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Tales_from_the_Public_Domain" title="Tales from the Public Domain">Tales from the Public Domain</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Skinhead_Hamlet" class="mw-redirect" title="Skinhead Hamlet">The Skinhead Hamlet</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/My_Robin_is_to_the_greenwood_gone" title="My Robin is to the greenwood gone">My Robin is to the greenwood gone</a>" (16th century)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Pull_Me_Under" title="Pull Me Under">Pull Me Under</a>" (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Song_for_Athene" title="Song for Athene">Song for Athene</a>" (1997)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera/classical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(Thomas)" title="Hamlet (Thomas)"><i>Hamlet</i></a> (Thomas)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Amleto" title="Amleto">Amleto</a></i> (Faccio)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(Tchaikovsky)" title="Hamlet (Tchaikovsky)">Hamlet</a> (Tchaikovsky)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Tristia_(Berlioz)" title="Tristia (Berlioz)">Tristia</a></i> (Berlioz)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Die_Hamletmaschine_(opera)" title="Die Hamletmaschine (opera)">Die Hamletmaschine</a></i> (Rihm)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(Dean)" title="Hamlet (Dean)">Hamlet</a></i> (Dean)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_references_to_Hamlet" title="Cultural references to Hamlet">In popular culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/To_Be_or_Not_to_Be_(1942_film)" title="To Be or Not to Be (1942 film)">To Be or Not to Be</a></i> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Performance_of_Hamlet_in_the_Village_of_Mrdu%C5%A1a_Donja" title="A Performance of Hamlet in the Village of Mrduša Donja">A Performance of Hamlet in the Village of Mrduša Donja</a></i> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/To_Be_or_Not_to_Be_(1983_film)" title="To Be or Not to Be (1983 film)">To Be or Not to Be</a></i> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Rosencrantz_%26_Guildenstern_Are_Dead_(film)" title="Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead (film)">Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead</a></i> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Highlander_II:_The_Quickening" title="Highlander II: The Quickening">Highlander II: The Quickening</a></i> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Last_Action_Hero" title="Last Action Hero">Last Action Hero</a></i> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_Man_(film)" title="Renaissance Man (film)">Renaissance Man</a></i> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Bleak_Midwinter_(film)" title="In the Bleak Midwinter (film)">In the Bleak Midwinter</a></i> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/War_(2002_film)" title="War (2002 film)">War</a></i> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_2" title="Hamlet 2">Hamlet 2</a></i> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Rosencrantz_and_Guildenstern_Are_Undead" title="Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Undead">Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Undead</a></i> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Days_(of_Hamlet)" title="Three Days (of Hamlet)">Three Days</a></i> (2012)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Rosencrantz_and_Guildenstern_Are_Dead" title="Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead">Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead</a></i> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Stage_Blood" title="Stage Blood">Stage Blood</a></i> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/I_Hate_Hamlet" title="I Hate Hamlet">I Hate Hamlet</a></i> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/To_Be_or_Not_to_Be_(play)" title="To Be or Not to Be (play)">To Be or Not to Be</a></i> (2008)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet,_Revenge!" title="Hamlet, Revenge!">Hamlet, Revenge!</a></i> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i>Theatre of War</i> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Undiscovered" title="The Undiscovered">The Undiscovered</a>" (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shakespeare_Stealer" title="The Shakespeare Stealer">The Shakespeare Stealer</a></i> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Interred_with_Their_Bones" title="Interred with Their Bones">Interred with Their Bones</a></i> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamnet_(novel)" title="Hamnet (novel)">Hamnet</a></i> (2020)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Producer" title="The Producer">The Producer</a>" (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Conscience_of_the_King" title="The Conscience of the King">The Conscience of the King</a>" (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Born_to_Be_King_(Blackadder)" title="Born to Be King (Blackadder)">Born to Be King</a>" (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Terrance_and_Phillip:_Behind_the_Blow" title="Terrance and Phillip: Behind the Blow">Terrance and Phillip: Behind the Blow</a>" (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Slings_%26_Arrows" title="Slings & Arrows">Slings & Arrows</a></i> (2003)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Last_Action_Hero_(video_game)" title="Last Action Hero (video game)">Last Action Hero</a></i> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(video_game)" title="Hamlet (video game)">Hamlet</a></i> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Elsinore_(video_game)" title="Elsinore (video game)">Elsinore</a></i> (2019)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Asterix_and_the_Great_Crossing" title="Asterix and the Great Crossing">Asterix and the Great Crossing</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Seagull" title="The Seagull">The Seagull</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sharpe%27s_Havoc" title="Sharpe's Havoc">Sharpe's Havoc</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ophelia_(painting)" title="Ophelia (painting)"><i>Ophelia</i> (Millais)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ophelia_(Cabanel)" title="Ophelia (Cabanel)"><i>Ophelia</i> (Cabanel)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Affe_mit_Sch%C3%A4del" title="Affe mit Schädel">Affe mit Schädel</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ophelia_(John_William_Waterhouse)" title="Ophelia (John William Waterhouse)"><i>Ophelia</i> (Waterhouse)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Polish_Hamlet._Portrait_of_Aleksander_Wielopolski" title="Polish Hamlet. Portrait of Aleksander Wielopolski">Polish Hamlet. Portrait of Aleksander Wielopolski</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_River_Bank_(Ophelia)" title="The River Bank (Ophelia)">The River Bank (Ophelia)</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_and_Oedipus" title="Hamlet and Oedipus">Hamlet and Oedipus</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_and_His_Problems" title="Hamlet and His Problems">Hamlet and His Problems</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hebenon" title="Hebenon">Hebenon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_Q1" title="Hamlet Q1">Hamlet Q1</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Ostalo_je_%C4%87utanje" title="Ostalo je ćutanje">Ostalo je ćutanje</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chronicles_of_Amber" title="The Chronicles of Amber">The Chronicles of Amber</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._65_(Haydn)" title="Symphony No. 65 (Haydn)">Symphony No. 65</a>" (Haydn)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hobart_Shakespeareans" title="The Hobart Shakespeareans">The Hobart Shakespeareans</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_%E2%80%93_The_Cry" title="Gertrude – The Cry">Gertrude – The Cry</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Poor_Murderer" title="Poor Murderer">Poor Murderer</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Something_Rotten!" title="Something Rotten!">Something Rotten!</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Anarchy" title="Sons of Anarchy">Sons of Anarchy</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Julius_Caesar" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Julius_Caesar_(play)" title="Template:Julius Caesar (play)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Julius_Caesar_(play)" title="Template talk:Julius Caesar (play)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Julius_Caesar_(play)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Julius Caesar (play)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Julius_Caesar" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(play)" title="Julius Caesar (play)">Julius Caesar</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Parallel_Lives" title="Parallel Lives">Parallel Lives</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brutus_and_the_Ghost_of_Caesar_1802.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Brutus_and_the_Ghost_of_Caesar_1802.jpg/100px-Brutus_and_the_Ghost_of_Caesar_1802.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Brutus_and_the_Ghost_of_Caesar_1802.jpg/150px-Brutus_and_the_Ghost_of_Caesar_1802.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Brutus_and_the_Ghost_of_Caesar_1802.jpg/200px-Brutus_and_the_Ghost_of_Caesar_1802.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1182" data-file-height="1616" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Screen<br />adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(1914_film)" title="Julius Caesar (1914 film)"><i>Julius Caesar</i> (1914 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(1950_film)" title="Julius Caesar (1950 film)"><i>Julius Caesar</i> (1950 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare%27s_Julius_Caesar" title="William Shakespeare's Julius Caesar"><i>Julius Caesar</i> (1953 film)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spread_of_the_Eagle" title="The Spread of the Eagle">The Spread of the Eagle</a></i> (1963; TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(1970_film)" title="Julius Caesar (1970 film)"><i>Julius Caesar</i> (1970 film)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Julius_Caesar" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">BBC Television Shakespeare</a></i> (TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">Shakespeare: The Animated Tales</a></i> (TV)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inspired work</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/La_morte_di_Cesare" title="La morte di Cesare">La morte di Cesare</a></i> (1788)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Assassination_of_Julius_Caesar_(Sullivan)" title="The Assassination of Julius Caesar (Sullivan)"><i>The Assassination of Julius Caesar</i> (Sullivan)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Writing_%22Julius_Caesar%22" title="Shakespeare Writing "Julius Caesar"">Shakespeare Writing "Julius Caesar"</a></i> (1907)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Caesar_(Mercury_Theatre)" title="Caesar (Mercury Theatre)">Caesar</a></i> (1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Die_Ermordung_C%C3%A4sars" title="Die Ermordung Cäsars">Die Ermordung Cäsars</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dead_Caesar" title="Dead Caesar">Dead Caesar</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Karaoke_King" title="The Karaoke King">The Karaoke King</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Tragedies" title="Roman Tragedies">Roman Tragedies</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(overture)" title="Julius Caesar (overture)">Julius Caesar</a></i> (overture, 1851)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zulfiqar_(film)" title="Zulfiqar (film)">Zulfiqar</a></i> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Quotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_dogs_of_war_(phrase)" title="The dogs of war (phrase)">The dogs of war</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Et_tu,_Brute%3F" title="Et tu, Brute?">Et tu, Brute?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Friends,_Romans,_countrymen,_lend_me_your_ears" title="Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears">Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Greek_to_me" title="Greek to me">Greek to me</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Julius_Caesar" title="Cultural depictions of Julius Caesar">Cultural depictions of Julius Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Julius_Caesar" title="Assassination of Julius Caesar">Assassination of Julius Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesar%27s_Comet" title="Caesar's Comet">Caesar's Comet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ides_of_March" title="Ides of March">Ides of March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Philippi" title="Battle of Philippi">Battle of Philippi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Me_and_Orson_Welles" title="Me and Orson Welles">Me and Orson Welles</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Caesar_Must_Die" title="Caesar Must Die">Caesar Must Die</a></i> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Julius_Caesar_(play)" title="Category:Julius Caesar (play)">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_King_Lear" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:King_Lear" title="Template:King Lear"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:King_Lear" title="Template talk:King Lear"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:King_Lear" title="Special:EditPage/Template:King Lear"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_King_Lear" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear" title="King Lear">King Lear</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leir_of_Britain" title="Leir of Britain">King Lear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordelia_(King_Lear)" title="Cordelia (King Lear)">Cordelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goneril" title="Goneril">Goneril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regan_(King_Lear)" title="Regan (King Lear)">Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_(King_Lear)" title="Edmund (King Lear)">Edmund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_fool" title="Shakespearean fool">The Fool</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/King_Lear#Sources" title="King Lear">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i> (1136)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mirror_for_Magistrates" title="The Mirror for Magistrates">The Mirror for Magistrates</a></i> (1555)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Holinshed%27s_Chronicles" title="Holinshed's Chronicles">Holinshed's Chronicles</a></i> (1577)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Leir" title="King Leir">King Leir</a></i> (1594)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Water_and_Salt" title="Water and Salt">Water and Salt</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ll%C5%B7r" title="Llŷr">Llŷr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leir_of_Britain" title="Leir of Britain">Leir of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordelia_of_Britain" title="Cordelia of Britain">Cordelia of Britain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_History_of_King_Lear" title="The History of King Lear">The History of King Lear</a></i> (1681)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Yiddish_King_Lear" title="The Yiddish King Lear">The Yiddish King Lear</a></i> (1892)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Safed_Khoon" title="Safed Khoon">Safed Khoon</a></i> (1907)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lear_(play)" title="Lear (play)">Lear</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear_(Williamson_play)" title="King Lear (Williamson play)">King Lear</a></i> (1978)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Terre" title="La Terre">La Terre</a></i> (1887)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Thousand_Acres" title="A Thousand Acres">A Thousand Acres</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fool_(novel)" title="Fool (novel)">Fool</a></i> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Re_Lear" title="Re Lear">Re Lear</a></i> (Libretto only) (1896)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lear_(opera)" title="Lear (opera)">Lear</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vision_of_Lear" title="Vision of Lear">Vision of Lear</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuningas_Lear" title="Kuningas Lear">Kuningas Lear</a></i> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear_(1910_film)" title="King Lear (1910 film)">King Lear</a></i> (1910)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear_(1916_film)" title="King Lear (1916 film)">King Lear</a></i> (1916)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gunasundari_Katha" title="Gunasundari Katha">Gunasundari Katha</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear_(1971_USSR_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="King Lear (1971 USSR film)">King Lear</a></i> (1971 USSR)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear_(1971_British_film)" title="King Lear (1971 British film)">King Lear</a></i> (1971 UK)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ran_(film)" title="Ran (film)">Ran</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear_(1987_film)" title="King Lear (1987 film)">King Lear</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Thousand_Acres_(film)" title="A Thousand Acres (film)">A Thousand Acres</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gypsy_Lore" title="Gypsy Lore">Gypsy Lore</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear_(1999_film)" title="King Lear (1999 film)">King Lear</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/My_Kingdom_(film)" title="My Kingdom (film)">My Kingdom</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lear_Rex" title="Lear Rex">Lear Rex</a></i> (TBA)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear_(1953_film)" title="King Lear (1953 film)">King Lear</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#King_Lear" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">BBC Television Shakespeare</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear_(1983_TV_programme)" title="King Lear (1983 TV programme)">King Lear</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_of_Texas" title="King of Texas">King of Texas</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Second_Generation_(film)" title="Second Generation (film)">Second Generation</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear_(2008_film)" title="King Lear (2008 film)">King Lear</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear_(2018_film)" title="King Lear (2018 film)">King Lear</a></i> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Story_within_a_story" title="Story within a story">Story within a story</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dresser" title="The Dresser">The Dresser</a></i> (1980 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dresser_(1983_film)" title="The Dresser (1983 film)">The Dresser</a></i> (1983 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dresser_(2015_film)" title="The Dresser (2015 film)">The Dresser</a></i> (2015 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiriel_(poem)" title="Tiriel (poem)">Tiriel</a></i> (1789, poem)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Prince_of_the_Pagodas" title="The Prince of the Pagodas">The Prince of the Pagodas</a></i> (1957, ballet)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tragedy_of_King_Lear_(screenplay)" title="The Tragedy of King Lear (screenplay)"><i>The Tragedy of King Lear</i> (screenplay)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Macbeth" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Macbeth" title="Template:Macbeth"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Macbeth" title="Template talk:Macbeth"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Macbeth" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Macbeth"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Macbeth" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Macbeth#Characters" title="Macbeth">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(character)" title="Macbeth (character)">Macbeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Macbeth" title="Lady Macbeth">Lady Macbeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banquo" title="Banquo">Banquo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macduff_(Macbeth)" title="Macduff (Macbeth)">Macduff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Duncan" title="King Duncan">King Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_(Macbeth)" title="Malcolm (Macbeth)">Malcolm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donalbain_(Macbeth)" title="Donalbain (Macbeth)">Donalbain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Witches" title="Three Witches">Three Witches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleance" title="Fleance">Fleance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Macduff" title="Lady Macduff">Lady Macduff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macduff%27s_son" title="Macduff's son">Macduff's son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Murderer" title="Third Murderer">Third Murderer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Siward" title="Young Siward">Young Siward</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inspirations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth,_King_of_Scotland" title="Macbeth, King of Scotland">Macbeth, King of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gruoch" title="Gruoch">Gruoch of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duncan_I_of_Scotland" title="Duncan I of Scotland">Duncan I of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_III_of_Scotland" title="Malcolm III of Scotland">Malcolm III of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_III_of_Scotland" title="Donald III of Scotland">Donald III of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siward,_Earl_of_Northumbria" title="Siward, Earl of Northumbria">Siward, Earl of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">King James VI and I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Daemonologie" title="Daemonologie">Daemonologie</a></i> (1597)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Witch_(play)" title="The Witch (play)"><i>The Witch</i> (play)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Holinshed%27s_Chronicles" title="Holinshed's Chronicles">Holinshed's Chronicles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Darra%C3%B0arlj%C3%B3%C3%B0" title="Darraðarljóð">Darraðarljóð</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_on_screen" title="Macbeth on screen">Film</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1908_film)" title="Macbeth (1908 film)">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1909_French_film)" title="Macbeth (1909 French film)">1909 (French)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1909_Italian_film)" title="Macbeth (1909 Italian film)">1909 (Italian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1911_film)" title="Macbeth (1911 film)">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1913_film)" title="Macbeth (1913 film)">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1915_film)" title="Macbeth (1915 film)">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1916_film)" title="Macbeth (1916 film)">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1922_film)" title="Macbeth (1922 film)">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1948_film)" title="Macbeth (1948 film)">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(unfinished_film)" title="Macbeth (unfinished film)">Unfinished</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1971_film)" title="Macbeth (1971 film)">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(2006_film)" title="Macbeth (2006 film)">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(2015_film)" title="Macbeth (2015 film)">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tragedy_of_Macbeth_(2021_film)" title="The Tragedy of Macbeth (2021 film)"><i>The Tragedy of Macbeth</i> (2021)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accolades_received_by_The_Tragedy_of_Macbeth_(2021_film)" title="List of accolades received by The Tragedy of Macbeth (2021 film)">accolades</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1954_film)" title="Macbeth (1954 film)">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1960_American_film)" title="Macbeth (1960 American film)">1960 US TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1960_Australian_film)" title="Macbeth (1960 Australian film)">1960 Australian TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1961_film)" title="Macbeth (1961 film)">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1979_film)" title="Macbeth (1979 film)">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1982_film)" title="Macbeth (1982 film)">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Macbeth" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#Macbeth" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(2010_film)" title="Macbeth (2010 film)">2010</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV / film adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Real_Thing_at_Last" title="The Real Thing at Last">The Real Thing at Last</a></i> (1916)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marmayogi" title="Marmayogi">Marmayogi</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Joe_MacBeth" title="Joe MacBeth">Joe MacBeth</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Throne_of_Blood" title="Throne of Blood">Throne of Blood</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmayogi_(1964_film)" title="Marmayogi (1964 film)"><i>Marmayogi</i></a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1987_film)" title="Macbeth (1987 film)"><i>Macbeth</i> (Verdi opera)</a> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Men_of_Respect" title="Men of Respect">Men of Respect</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scotland,_PA" title="Scotland, PA">Scotland, PA</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Makibefo" title="Makibefo">Makibefo</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maqbool" title="Maqbool">Maqbool</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ShakespeaRe-Told#Macbeth" title="ShakespeaRe-Told">2005</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_King_of_Scotland_(film)" title="The Last King of Scotland (film)">The Last King of Scotland</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Must_Die" title="Shakespeare Must Die">Shakespeare Must Die</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thane_of_East_County" title="Thane of East County">Thane of East County</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Veeram_(2016_film)" title="Veeram (2016 film)">Veeram</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Joji_(film)" title="Joji (film)">Joji</a></i> (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Khwab-e-Hasti" class="mw-redirect" title="Khwab-e-Hasti">Khwab-e-Hasti</a></i> (1909)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voodoo_Macbeth" title="Voodoo Macbeth">Voodoo Macbeth</a></i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MacBird!" title="MacBird!">MacBird!</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/UMabatha" title="UMabatha">uMabatha</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macbett" title="Macbett">Macbett</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dogg%27s_Hamlet,_Cahoot%27s_Macbeth" title="Dogg's Hamlet, Cahoot's Macbeth">Cahoot's Macbeth</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MacHomer" title="MacHomer">MacHomer</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Just_Macbeth!" title="Just Macbeth!">Just Macbeth!</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sleep_No_More_(2009_play)" title="Sleep No More (2009 play)">Sleep No More</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dunsinane_(play)" title="Dunsinane (play)">Dunsinane</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sleep_No_More_(2011_play)" title="Sleep No More (2011 play)">Sleep No More</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(Verdi)" title="Macbeth (Verdi)">Macbeth</a></i> (1847, Verdi) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_discography" title="Macbeth discography">discography</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(Bloch)" title="Macbeth (Bloch)">Macbeth</a></i> (1910, Bloch)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literary adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Wyrd_Sisters" title="Wyrd Sisters">Wyrd Sisters</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_King_of_Scotland" title="The Last King of Scotland">The Last King of Scotland</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(Nesb%C3%B8_novel)" title="Macbeth (Nesbø novel)">Macbeth</a></i> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Music_from_Macbeth" title="Music from Macbeth">Music from Macbeth</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(album)" title="Macbeth (album)">Macbeth</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thane_to_the_Throne" class="mw-redirect" title="Thane to the Throne">Thane to the Throne</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Macbeth_%E2%80%93_A_Tragedy_in_Steel" title="Shakespeare's Macbeth – A Tragedy in Steel">Shakespeare's Macbeth – A Tragedy in Steel</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lady_Macbeth_(album)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lady Macbeth (album)">Lady Macbeth</a></i> (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pity_(William_Blake)" title="Pity (William Blake)">Pity</a></i> (1795)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Night_of_Enitharmon%27s_Joy" title="The Night of Enitharmon's Joy">The Night of Enitharmon's Joy</a></i> (1795)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lady_Macbeth_Seizing_the_Daggers" title="Lady Macbeth Seizing the Daggers">Lady Macbeth Seizing the Daggers</a></i> (1812 painting)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Terry_as_Lady_Macbeth" title="Ellen Terry as Lady Macbeth">Ellen Terry as Lady Macbeth</a></i> (1889)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lady_Macbeth_(sculpture)" title="Lady Macbeth (sculpture)">Lady Macbeth</a></i> (1905 sculpture)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scenes and speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/On_the_Knocking_at_the_Gate_in_Macbeth" title="On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth">On the Knocking at the Gate in <i>Macbeth</i></a>" (1823)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleepwalking_scene" title="Sleepwalking scene">Sleepwalking Scene (5.1)</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Tomorrow_and_tomorrow_and_tomorrow" title="Tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow">Tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Words and phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/What%27s_done_is_done" title="What's done is done">What's done is done</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Crack_of_doom" class="mw-redirect" title="Crack of doom">Crack of doom</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Scottish_Play" title="The Scottish Play">The Scottish Play</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thane_of_Cawdor" title="Thane of Cawdor">Thane of Cawdor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_references_to_Macbeth" title="Cultural references to Macbeth">In popular culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels, film and theatre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/We_Work_Again" title="We Work Again">We Work Again</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Light_Thickens" title="Light Thickens">Light Thickens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Deadly_Affair" title="The Deadly Affair">The Deadly Affair</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9canisme_de_la_physionomie_humaine" title="Mécanisme de la physionomie humaine">Mécanisme de la physionomie humaine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Scottish_Play_(Graham_Holliday_play)" title="The Scottish Play (Graham Holliday play)">The Scottish Play</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Burke_%26_Hare_(2010_film)" title="Burke & Hare (2010 film)">Burke & Hare</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Witch%27s_Tangled_Hare" title="A Witch's Tangled Hare">A Witch's Tangled Hare</a>" (1959, <i><a href="/wiki/Looney_Tunes" title="Looney Tunes">Looney Tunes</a></i>)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Bellero_Shield" title="The Bellero Shield">The Bellero Shield</a>" (1964, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Outer_Limits_(1963_TV_series)" title="The Outer Limits (1963 TV series)">The Outer Limits</a></i>)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Movies_(The_Goodies)" title="The Movies (The Goodies)">The Movies</a>" (1975, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Goodies" title="The Goodies">The Goodies</a></i>)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sense_and_Senility" class="mw-redirect" title="Sense and Senility">Sense and Senility</a>" (1987, <i><a href="/wiki/Blackadder_the_Third" title="Blackadder the Third">Blackadder the Third</a></i>)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sleeping_with_the_Enemy_(The_Simpsons)" title="Sleeping with the Enemy (The Simpsons)">Sleeping with the Enemy</a>" (2004, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Simpsons" title="The Simpsons">The Simpsons</a></i>)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Coup_(The_Office)" title="The Coup (The Office)">The Coup</a>" (2006, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Office" title="The Office">The Office</a></i>)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Dial_%27N%27_for_Nerder" title="Dial 'N' for Nerder">Dial 'N' for Nerder</a>" (2008, <i>The Simpsons</i>)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Four_Great_Women_and_a_Manicure" title="Four Great Women and a Manicure">Four Great Women and a Manicure</a>" (2009, <i>The Simpsons</i>)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Shower_Principle" title="The Shower Principle">The Shower Principle</a>" (2012, <i><a href="/wiki/30_Rock" title="30 Rock">30 Rock</a></i>)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Understudy_(Inside_No._9)" title="The Understudy (Inside No. 9)">The Understudy</a>" (2014, <i><a href="/wiki/Inside_No._9" title="Inside No. 9">Inside No. 9</a></i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(Strauss)" title="Macbeth (Strauss)">Macbeth</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Johann_Strauss" class="mw-redirect" title="Johann Strauss">Johann Strauss</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Scottish_Play_(Lee_Blessing_play)" title="The Scottish Play (Lee Blessing play)"><i>The Scottish Play</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Trios,_Op._70_(Beethoven)" title="Piano Trios, Op. 70 (Beethoven)">Piano Trios, Op. 70</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Ludwig van Beethoven</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ruins_of_Cawdor" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ruins of Cawdor">The Ruins of Cawdor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Cards_(British_TV_series)" title="House of Cards (British TV series)">House of Cards</a></i> (UK, 1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Cards_(American_TV_series)" title="House of Cards (American TV series)">House of Cards</a></i> (US, 2013–2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Something_Wicked_This_Way_Comes_(novel)" title="Something Wicked This Way Comes (novel)">Something Wicked This Way Comes</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Ray_Bradbury" title="Ray Bradbury">Ray Bradbury</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Othello" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Othello" title="Template:Othello"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Othello" title="Template talk:Othello"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Othello" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Othello"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Othello" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Othello" title="Othello">Othello</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Othello#Characters" title="Othello">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(character)" title="Othello (character)">Othello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desdemona" title="Desdemona">Desdemona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iago" title="Iago">Iago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cassio" title="Michael Cassio">Cassio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilia_(Othello)" title="Emilia (Othello)">Emilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bianca_(Othello)" title="Bianca (Othello)">Bianca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderigo" title="Roderigo">Roderigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brabantio" title="Brabantio">Brabantio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Othello#Sources" title="Othello">Source</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Description_of_Africa_(Ramusio_book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Description of Africa (Ramusio book)">Della descrittione dell’Africa</a></i> (1550) by <a href="/wiki/Leo_Africanus" title="Leo Africanus">Leo Africanus</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"Un Capitano Moro" from <i>Gli Hecatommithi</i> (1565) by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Giraldi" title="Giovanni Battista Giraldi">Cintio</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Othello#Performance_history" title="Othello">Stage<br />adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Duke_of_Milan" title="The Duke of Milan">The Duke of Milan</a></i> (1623)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Sacrifice" title="Love's Sacrifice">Love's Sacrifice</a></i> (1633)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Masquerade_(play)" title="Masquerade (play)">Masquerade</a></i> (1835)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(Orson_Welles_stage_production)" title="Othello (Orson Welles stage production)">Othello</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i>Catch My Soul</i> (US; 1969)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catch_My_Soul_(musical)" title="Catch My Soul (musical)">Catch My Soul</a></i> (UK; 1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Desdemona_(play)" title="Desdemona (play)"> Desdemona</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_references_to_Othello#In_opera" title="Cultural references to Othello">Opera</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cultural_references_to_Othello#In_ballet" title="Cultural references to Othello">ballet</a><br />adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Otello_(Rossini)" title="Otello (Rossini)">Otello</a></i> (1816; opera by Rossini)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Otello" title="Otello">Otello</a></i> (1887; opera by Verdi)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Othello (Dvořák)">Othello</a></i> (1892; overture)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Moor%27s_Pavane" title="The Moor's Pavane">The Moor's Pavane</a></i> (1949; ballet)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(ballet)" title="Othello (ballet)">Othello</a></i> (1998; ballet score)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Bandanna_(opera)" title="Bandanna (opera)">Bandanna</a></i> (1999; opera)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_references_to_Othello#In_film" title="Cultural references to Othello">Films</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1922_film)" title="Othello (1922 film)">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1951_film)" title="Othello (1951 film)">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1955_film)" title="Othello (1955 film)">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1965_British_film)" title="Othello (1965 British film)">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1995_film)" title="Othello (1995 film)">1995</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_references_to_Othello#In_television" title="Cultural references to Othello">TV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1964_Australian_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Othello (1964 Australian film)">1964 Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Othello" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(1990_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Othello (1990 film)">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#Othello" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_(2001_film)" title="Othello (2001 film)">2001</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_references_to_Othello#In_other_film_adaptations" title="Cultural references to Othello">Film<br />adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jubal_(film)" title="Jubal (film)">Jubal</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_Night_Long_(1962_film)" title="All Night Long (1962 film)">All Night Long</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catch_My_Soul" title="Catch My Soul">Catch My Soul</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaliyattam" title="Kaliyattam">Kaliyattam</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/O_(2001_film)" title="O (2001 film)">O</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Souli_(film)" title="Souli (film)">Souli</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Omkara_(2006_film)" title="Omkara (2006 film)">Omkara</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jarum_Halus" title="Jarum Halus">Jarum Halus</a></i> (2008)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">From Verdi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Otello_(1906_film)" title="Otello (1906 film)">Otello</a></i> (1906; film)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Othello_Ballet_Suite/Electronic_Organ_Sonata_No._1" title="Othello Ballet Suite/Electronic Organ Sonata No. 1">Othello Ballet Suite/Electronic Organ Sonata No. 1</a></i> (1967; ballet suite)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Otello_(1986_film)" title="Otello (1986 film)">Otello</a></i> (1986; film)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Othello_Syndrome" title="The Othello Syndrome">The Othello Syndrome</a></i> (2008; album)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_references_to_Othello#In_painting" title="Cultural references to Othello">Paintings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Othello_(paintings)" title="Othello (paintings)">Othello</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Beast_with_two_backs" title="Beast with two backs">Beast with two backs</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Othello_error" title="Othello error">Othello error</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Filming_Othello" title="Filming Othello">Filming Othello</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Story within<br />a story</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Carnival_(1921_film)" title="Carnival (1921 film)">Carnival</a></i> (1921 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carnival_(1931_film)" title="Carnival (1931 film)">Carnival</a></i> (1931 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Deceiver_(film)" title="The Deceiver (film)">The Deceiver</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Men_Are_Not_Gods" title="Men Are Not Gods">Men Are Not Gods</a></i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Double_Life_(1947_film)" title="A Double Life (1947 film)">A Double Life</a></i> (1947)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saptapadi_(1961_film)" title="Saptapadi (1961 film)">Saptapadi</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dresser" title="The Dresser">The Dresser</a></i> (1980 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dresser_(1983_film)" title="The Dresser (1983 film)">The Dresser</a></i> (1983 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Goodnight_Desdemona_(Good_Morning_Juliet)" title="Goodnight Desdemona (Good Morning Juliet)">Goodnight Desdemona</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Imaginary_Tale" title="An Imaginary Tale">An Imaginary Tale</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Velvet_(play)" title="Red Velvet (play)">Red Velvet</a></i> (2012 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dresser_(2015_film)" title="The Dresser (2015 film)">The Dresser</a></i> (2015 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_references_to_Othello" title="Cultural references to Othello">Cultural references to Othello</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Romeo_and_Juliet" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Template:Romeo and Juliet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Template talk:Romeo and Juliet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romeo and Juliet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Romeo_and_Juliet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Romeo and Juliet">Romeo and Juliet</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Characters_in_Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Characters in Romeo and Juliet">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romeo" title="Romeo">Romeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliet" title="Juliet">Juliet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercutio" title="Mercutio">Mercutio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tybalt" title="Tybalt">Tybalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benvolio" title="Benvolio">Benvolio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friar_Laurence" title="Friar Laurence">Friar Laurence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurse_(Romeo_and_Juliet)" title="Nurse (Romeo and Juliet)">Nurse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Paris" title="Count Paris">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosaline" title="Rosaline">Rosaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mab" title="Queen Mab">Queen Mab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tragical_History_of_Romeus_and_Juliet" title="The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet">The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyramus_and_Thisbe" title="Pyramus and Thisbe">Pyramus and Thisbe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Painter_(author)" title="William Painter (author)">Palace of Pleasure</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Troilus_and_Criseyde" title="Troilus and Criseyde">Troilus and Criseyde</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ephesian_Tale" title="Ephesian Tale">Ephesiaca</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ballets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(Prokofiev)" title="Romeo and Juliet (Prokofiev)">Romeo and Juliet</a></i> (1938, Prokofiev)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(Cranko)" title="Romeo and Juliet (Cranko)">Romeo and Juliet</a></i> (1962, Cranko)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(MacMillan)" title="Romeo and Juliet (MacMillan)">Romeo and Juliet</a></i> (1965, MacMillan)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(Nureyev)" title="Romeo and Juliet (Nureyev)">Romeo and Juliet</a></i> (1977, Nureyev)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(Lavery)" title="Romeo and Juliet (Lavery)">Romeo and Juliet</a></i> (1965, Lavery)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Radio_and_Juliet" title="Radio and Juliet">Radio and Juliet</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_%2B_Juliet_(ballet)" title="Romeo + Juliet (ballet)">Romeo + Juliet</a></i> (2007, Martins)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(Pastor)" title="Romeo and Juliet (Pastor)">Romeo and Juliet</a></i> (2008, Pastor)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_und_Julie" title="Romeo und Julie">Romeo und Julie</a></i> (1776, Benda)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Giulietta_e_Romeo_(Zingarelli)" title="Giulietta e Romeo (Zingarelli)">Giulietta e Romeo</a></i> (1796, Zingarelli)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Giulietta_e_Romeo_(Vaccai)" title="Giulietta e Romeo (Vaccai)">Giulietta e Romeo</a></i> (1825, Vaccai)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Capuleti_e_i_Montecchi" title="I Capuleti e i Montecchi">I Capuleti e i Montecchi</a></i> (1830, Bellini)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gloria_(opera)" title="Gloria (opera)">Gloria</a></i> (1874, Cilea)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%A9o_et_Juliette" title="Roméo et Juliette">Roméo et Juliette</a></i> (1867, Gounod)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Village_Romeo_and_Juliet" title="A Village Romeo and Juliet">A Village Romeo and Juliet</a></i> (1907, Delius)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_und_Julia_(Sutermeister_opera)" title="Romeo und Julia (Sutermeister opera)">Romeo und Julia</a></i> (1940, Sutermeister)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_und_Julia_(Blacher_opera)" title="Romeo und Julia (Blacher opera)">Romeo und Julia</a></i> (1943, Blacher)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musicals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Belle_of_Mayfair" title="The Belle of Mayfair">The Belle of Mayfair</a></i> (1906)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Story" title="West Side Story">West Side Story</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Once_on_This_Island" title="Once on This Island">Once on This Island</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%A9o_et_Juliette_(musical)" title="Roméo et Juliette (musical)">Roméo et Juliette, de la Haine à l'Amour</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Giulietta_e_Romeo_(musical)" title="Giulietta e Romeo (musical)">Giulietta e Romeo</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%26_Juliet" title="& Juliet">& Juliet</a></i> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._1_(Beethoven)" title="String Quartet No. 1 (Beethoven)">Beethoven's String Quartet No. 1</a> (c. 1800)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%A9o_et_Juliette_(Berlioz)" title="Roméo et Juliette (Berlioz)"><i>Roméo et Juliette</i></a> (1839, Berlioz)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(Tchaikovsky)" title="Romeo and Juliet (Tchaikovsky)"><i>Romeo and Juliet</i></a> (1870, Tchaikovsky)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_on_screen" title="Romeo and Juliet on screen">On screen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_based_on_Romeo_and_Juliet" title="List of films based on Romeo and Juliet">Films</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1900_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1900 film)">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1908_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1908 film)">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1916_Metro_Pictures_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1916 Metro Pictures film)">1916 Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1916_Fox_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1916 Fox film)">1916 Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1936_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1936 film)">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1940_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1940 film)">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1953_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Romeo and Juliet (1953 film)">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1954_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1954 film)">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1955_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1955 film)">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1964_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1964 film)">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(Love_and_War)" title="Romeo and Juliet (Love and War)">1967</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1968_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1968 film)">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Romeo_and_Juliet" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">1978</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">1992</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_%2B_Juliet" title="Romeo + Juliet">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(2006_film)" title="Romeo and Juliet (2006 film)">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_%26_Juliet_(2013_film)" title="Romeo & Juliet (2013 film)">2013</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ronny_%26_Julia_(TV_series)" title="Ronny & Julia (TV series)">Ronny & Julia</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skin_(American_TV_series)" title="Skin (American TV series)">Skin</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_%C3%97_Juliet" title="Romeo × Juliet">Romeo × Juliet</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_y_Julieta_(TV_series)" title="Romeo y Julieta (TV series)">Romeo y Julieta</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harina_de_otro_costal" title="Harina de otro costal">Harina de otro costal</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star-Crossed_(TV_series)" title="Star-Crossed (TV series)">Star-Crossed</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romil_%26_Jugal" title="Romil & Jugal">Romil & Jugal</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Still_Star-Crossed" title="Still Star-Crossed">Still Star-Crossed</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Inf%C3%A2ncia_de_Romeu_e_Julieta" title="A Infância de Romeu e Julieta">A Infância de Romeu e Julieta</a></i> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Romanoff_and_Juliet_(play)" title="Romanoff and Juliet (play)">Romanoff and Juliet</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Romeo" title="People's Romeo">People's Romeo</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(2013_Broadway_play)" title="Romeo and Juliet (2013 Broadway play)">Romeo and Juliet</a></i> (2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Montagues_and_Capulets" class="mw-redirect" title="Montagues and Capulets">Montagues and Capulets</a>" (1935)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Love_Theme_from_Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Love Theme from Romeo and Juliet">Love Theme from <i>Romeo and Juliet</i></a>" (1968)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/(Don%27t_Fear)_The_Reaper" title="(Don't Fear) The Reaper">(Don't Fear) The Reaper</a>" (1976)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Angelo_(Brotherhood_of_Man_song)" title="Angelo (Brotherhood of Man song)">Angelo</a>" (1978)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(Alec_R._Costandinos_song)" title="Romeo and Juliet (Alec R. Costandinos song)">Romeo and Juliet</a>" (1978)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(Dire_Straits_song)" title="Romeo and Juliet (Dire Straits song)">Romeo and Juliet</a>" (1981)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cherish_(Madonna_song)" title="Cherish (Madonna song)">Cherish</a>" (1989)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Amor_Prohibido_(song)" title="Amor Prohibido (song)">Amor Prohibido</a>" (1994)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Kissing_You_(Des%27ree_song)" title="Kissing You (Des'ree song)">Kissing You</a>" (1996)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Starcrossed_(song)" title="Starcrossed (song)">Starcrossed</a>" (2004)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Peut-%C3%AAtre_toi" title="Peut-être toi">Peut-être toi</a>" (2006)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mademoiselle_Juliette" title="Mademoiselle Juliette">Mademoiselle Juliette</a>" (2007)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Love_Story_(Taylor_Swift_song)" title="Love Story (Taylor Swift song)">Love Story</a>" (2008)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Love_Me_Again_(John_Newman_song)" title="Love Me Again (John Newman song)">Love Me Again</a>" (2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(1968_film_soundtrack)" title="Romeo and Juliet (1968 film soundtrack)">Romeo and Juliet</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_%2B_Juliet_(soundtrack)" title="Romeo + Juliet (soundtrack)">Romeo + Juliet</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_%26_Julia" title="Romeo & Julia">Romeo & Julia</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tragic_Lovers" title="Tragic Lovers">Tragic Lovers</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star-Crossed_(album)" title="Star-Crossed (album)">Star-Crossed</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosaline_(soundtrack)" title="Rosaline (soundtrack)">Rosaline</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Les_Chouans" title="Les Chouans">Les Chouans</a></i> (1829)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wandering_Jew_(Sue_novel)" title="The Wandering Jew (Sue novel)">The Wandering Jew</a></i> (1844)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Stolen_Dormouse" title="The Stolen Dormouse">The Stolen Dormouse</a></i> (1941)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Faraway_Lurs" class="mw-redirect" title="The Faraway Lurs">The Faraway Lurs</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kazantsev" title="Alexander Kazantsev">The Destruction of Faena</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ronny_%26_Julia" title="Ronny & Julia">Ronny & Julia</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romiette_and_Julio" title="Romiette and Julio">Romiette and Julio</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Moon_(novel)" title="New Moon (novel)">New Moon</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Warm_Bodies" title="Warm Bodies">Warm Bodies</a></i> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet:_the_Tomb_Scene" title="Romeo and Juliet: the Tomb Scene">Romeo and Juliet: the Tomb Scene</a></i> (1790)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_(Hebald)" title="Romeo and Juliet (Hebald)">Romeo and Juliet</a></i> (1978)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_plague_o%27_both_your_houses!" title="A plague o' both your houses!">A plague o' both your houses!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_rose_by_any_other_name_would_smell_as_sweet" title="A rose by any other name would smell as sweet">A rose by any other name would smell as sweet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star-crossed" title="Star-crossed">Star-crossed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Story_within_a_story" title="Story within a story">Story within<br />a story</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Nickleby" title="Nicholas Nickleby">Nicholas Nickleby</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Nickleby_(1912_film)" title="Nicholas Nickleby (1912 film)">1912 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Life_and_Adventures_of_Nicholas_Nickleby_(1947_film)" title="The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby (1947 film)">1947 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Life_and_Adventures_of_Nicholas_Nickleby_(play)" title="The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby (play)">1980 play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Life_and_Adventures_of_Nicholas_Nickleby_(2001_film)" title="The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby (2001 film)">2001 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Nickleby_(2002_film)" title="Nicholas Nickleby (2002 film)">2002 film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray" title="The Picture of Dorian Gray">The Picture of Dorian Gray</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray_(1910_film)" title="The Picture of Dorian Gray (1910 film)">1910 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray_(1913_film)" title="The Picture of Dorian Gray (1913 film)">1913 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray_(1915_film)" title="The Picture of Dorian Gray (1915 film)">1915 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray_(1916_film)" title="The Picture of Dorian Gray (1916 film)">1916 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray_(1917_German_film)" title="The Picture of Dorian Gray (1917 German film)">1917 German film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray_(1917_Hungarian_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Picture of Dorian Gray (1917 Hungarian film)">1917 Hungarian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray_(1945_film)" title="The Picture of Dorian Gray (1945 film)">1945 film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray_(1976_TV)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Picture of Dorian Gray (1976 TV)">1976 TV special</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorian_Gray_(2009_film)" title="Dorian Gray (2009 film)">2009 film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harlequinade_(Rattigan)" title="Harlequinade (Rattigan)">Harlequinade</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/W_Juliet" title="W Juliet">W Juliet</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Nothing_Broken_but_My_Heart" title="Nothing Broken but My Heart">Nothing Broken but My Heart</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panic_Button_(1964_film)" title="Panic Button (1964 film)">Panic Button</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bare:_A_Pop_Opera" title="Bare: A Pop Opera">Bare: A Pop Opera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bolji_%C5%BEivot" title="Bolji život">Bolji život</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sky_Is_Everywhere" title="The Sky Is Everywhere">The Sky Is Everywhere</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pay_as_You_Exit" title="Pay as You Exit">Pay as You Exit</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_White_Mercedes" title="The White Mercedes">The White Mercedes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/She_Died_a_Lady" title="She Died a Lady">She Died a Lady</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Moonshine_River" title="Moonshine River">Moonshine River</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rendez-vous_(1985_film)" title="Rendez-vous (1985 film)">Rendez-vous</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fame_(musical)" title="Fame (musical)">Fame</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I_Am_Unicorn" title="I Am Unicorn">I Am Unicorn</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Frog_Prince_(1984_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Frog Prince (1984 film)">The Frog Prince</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Molly_(1999_film)" title="Molly (1999 film)">Molly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Smart_Girls_Get_What_They_Want" title="Smart Girls Get What They Want">Smart Girls Get What They Want</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tumbleweeds_(1999_film)" title="Tumbleweeds (1999 film)">Tumbleweeds</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Thief_of_Baghead" title="The Thief of Baghead">The Thief of Baghead</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Songs_of_a_Sentimental_Bloke" title="The Songs of a Sentimental Bloke">The Songs of a Sentimental Bloke</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prince_Charming_(2001_film)" title="Prince Charming (2001 film)">Prince Charming</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Km._0" title="Km. 0">Km. 0</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phileine_Says_Sorry" title="Phileine Says Sorry">Phileine Says Sorry</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamateur_Night" title="Hamateur Night">Hamateur Night</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Say_You%27ll_Be_Mine_(Steps_song)" title="Say You'll Be Mine (Steps song)">Say You'll Be Mine</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Gauntlet" title="Into the Gauntlet">Into the Gauntlet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wandering_Son" title="Wandering Son">Wandering Son</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/K-On!" title="K-On!">K-On!</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Such_Tweet_Sorrow" title="Such Tweet Sorrow">Such Tweet Sorrow</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_effect" title="Romeo and Juliet effect">Romeo and Juliet effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statutory_rape#Romeo_and_Juliet_laws" title="Statutory rape">Romeo and Juliet laws</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/After_Juliet" title="After Juliet">After Juliet</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Upper_West_Side_Story" title="Upper West Side Story">Upper West Side Story</a>" (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Dome_Show" title="Millennium Dome Show">Millennium Dome Show</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inge_Sylten_and_Heinz_Drosihn" title="Inge Sylten and Heinz Drosihn">Inge Sylten and Heinz Drosihn</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boys_Don%27t_Cry_(1999_film)" title="Boys Don't Cry (1999 film)">Boys Don't Cry</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/My_Wedding_and_Other_Secrets" title="My Wedding and Other Secrets">My Wedding and Other Secrets</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Donkey_in_Lahore" title="Donkey in Lahore">Donkey in Lahore</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Upside_Down_(2012_film)" title="Upside Down (2012 film)">Upside Down</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Letters_to_Juliet" title="Letters to Juliet">Letters to Juliet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sherlock_Gnomes" title="Sherlock Gnomes">Sherlock Gnomes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet_in_Sarajevo" title="Romeo and Juliet in Sarajevo">Romeo and Juliet in Sarajevo</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Timon_of_Athens" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Timon_of_Athens" title="Template:Timon of Athens"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Timon_of_Athens" title="Template talk:Timon of Athens"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Timon_of_Athens" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Timon of Athens"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Timon_of_Athens" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Timon_of_Athens" title="Timon of Athens">Timon of Athens</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timon_of_Athens#Characters" title="Timon of Athens">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timon_of_Athens_(person)" title="Timon of Athens (person)">Timon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Alcibiades" title="Cultural depictions of Alcibiades">Alcibiades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apemantus" title="Apemantus">Apemantus</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TimonAthens01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/TimonAthens01.JPG/70px-TimonAthens01.JPG" decoding="async" width="70" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/TimonAthens01.JPG/105px-TimonAthens01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/TimonAthens01.JPG/140px-TimonAthens01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="918" data-file-height="1220" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Painter_(author)" title="William Painter (author)">Palace of Pleasure</a></i> (1566)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timon_of_Athens#Adaptations_and_cultural_references" title="Timon of Athens">Adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Timon_(film)" title="Timon (film)">Timon</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Timon_of_Athens" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">Timon of Athens</a></i> (1981)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Revisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_History_of_Timon_of_Athens_the_Man-hater" title="The History of Timon of Athens the Man-hater">The History of Timon of Athens the Man-hater</a></i> (1677)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Middleton" title="Thomas Middleton">Thomas Middleton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Titus_Andronicus" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Titus_Andronicus" title="Template:Titus Andronicus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Titus_Andronicus" title="Template talk:Titus Andronicus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Titus_Andronicus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Titus Andronicus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Titus_Andronicus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Titus_Andronicus" title="Titus Andronicus">Titus Andronicus</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titus_Andronicus#Characters" title="Titus Andronicus">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titus_Andronicus_(character)" title="Titus Andronicus (character)">Titus Andronicus</a></li> <li>Tamora</li> <li>Aaron</li> <li>Lavinia</li> <li>Emperor Saturninus</li> <li>Marcus</li> <li>Lucius</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kirk-TitusAct4ProtectSon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Kirk-TitusAct4ProtectSon.jpg/100px-Kirk-TitusAct4ProtectSon.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Kirk-TitusAct4ProtectSon.jpg/150px-Kirk-TitusAct4ProtectSon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Kirk-TitusAct4ProtectSon.jpg/200px-Kirk-TitusAct4ProtectSon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="332" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titus_Andronicus#Sources" title="Titus Andronicus">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ab_Urbe_Condita_Libri" class="mw-redirect" title="Ab Urbe Condita Libri">Ab Urbe Condita</a></i> (<i>c.</i>26 BC)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i> (<i>c.</i>AD 8)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thyestes_(Seneca)" title="Thyestes (Seneca)">Thyestes </a></i> (first century AD)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gesta_Romanorum" title="Gesta Romanorum">Gesta Romanorum</a></i> (late third century AD)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titus_Andronicus#Adaptations" title="Titus Andronicus">Adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Titus_Andronicus" title="BBC Television Shakespeare"> Titus Andronicus</a></i> (1985; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Titus_(film)" title="Titus (film)">Titus</a></i> (1999)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Scott_Tenorman_Must_Die" title="Scott Tenorman Must Die">Scott Tenorman Must Die</a>" (2001; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hungry" title="The Hungry">The Hungry</a></i> (2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peacham_drawing" title="Peacham drawing">Peacham drawing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authorship_of_Titus_Andronicus" title="Authorship of Titus Andronicus">Authorship question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themes_in_Titus_Andronicus" title="Themes in Titus Andronicus">Themes</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Titus_Andronicus_(ballad)" title="Titus Andronicus (ballad)">Titus Andronicus' Complaint</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Peele" title="George Peele">George Peele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyestes" title="Thyestes">Thyestes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revenge_play" title="Revenge play">Revenge play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Guignol" title="Grand Guignol">Grand Guignol</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gorboduc_(play)" title="Gorboduc (play)">Gorboduc</a></i> (1561)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ironside_(play)" title="Edmund Ironside (play)">Edmund Ironside</a></i> (1590)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Vos_(poet)" title="Jan Vos (poet)">Jan Vos</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Titus_(soundtrack)" title="Titus (soundtrack)">Titus</a></i> (soundtrack)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Troilus_and_Cressida" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Troilus_and_Cressida" title="Template:Troilus and Cressida"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Troilus_and_Cressida" title="Template talk:Troilus and Cressida"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Troilus_and_Cressida" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Troilus and Cressida"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Troilus_and_Cressida" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Troilus_and_Cressida" title="Troilus and Cressida">Troilus and Cressida</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Troilus_and_Cressida#Characters" title="Troilus and Cressida">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Trojans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Priam" title="Priam">Priam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector" title="Hector">Hector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deiphobus" title="Deiphobus">Deiphobus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenus">Helenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_(mythology)" title="Paris (mythology)">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troilus" title="Troilus">Troilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassandra" title="Cassandra">Cassandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromache" title="Andromache">Andromache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandarus" title="Pandarus">Pandarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cressida" title="Cressida">Cressida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calchas" title="Calchas">Calchas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Achaeans_(Homer)" title="Achaeans (Homer)">Greeks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menelaus" title="Menelaus">Menelaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_(mythology)" title="Nestor (mythology)">Nestor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Ulysses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles" title="Achilles">Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patroclus" title="Patroclus">Patroclus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diomedes" title="Diomedes">Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Great" title="Ajax the Great">Ajax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thersites" title="Thersites">Thersites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrmidons" title="Myrmidons">Myrmidons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Scene_from_Troilus_and_Cressida_-_Angelica_Kauffmann.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/A_Scene_from_Troilus_and_Cressida_-_Angelica_Kauffmann.jpg/100px-A_Scene_from_Troilus_and_Cressida_-_Angelica_Kauffmann.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/A_Scene_from_Troilus_and_Cressida_-_Angelica_Kauffmann.jpg/150px-A_Scene_from_Troilus_and_Cressida_-_Angelica_Kauffmann.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/A_Scene_from_Troilus_and_Cressida_-_Angelica_Kauffmann.jpg/200px-A_Scene_from_Troilus_and_Cressida_-_Angelica_Kauffmann.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7032" data-file-height="5598" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Troilus_and_Cressida#Sources" title="Troilus and Cressida">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Troilus_and_Criseyde" title="Troilus and Criseyde">Troilus and Criseyde</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Troy_Book" title="Troy Book">Troy Book</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Recuyell_of_the_Historyes_of_Troye" title="Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye">Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Face_of_Love_(1954_film)" title="The Face of Love (1954 film)">The Face of Love</a></i> (1954, TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Troilus_and_Cressida" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">Troilus and Cressida</a></i> (1981, TV)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_War_in_popular_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Trojan War in popular culture">Trojan War in popular culture</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Troilus_and_Cressida_(Dryden_play)" title="Troilus and Cressida (Dryden play)">Troilus and Cressida</a></i> (Dryden play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles_and_Patroclus" title="Achilles and Patroclus">Achilles and Patroclus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_problem_play" title="Shakespearean problem play">Shakespearean problem play</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Shakespearean_comedy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Shakespearean_comedy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_comedy" title="Shakespearean comedy">Shakespearean comedy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_All&#039;s_Well_That_Ends_Well" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:All%27s_Well_That_Ends_Well" title="Template:All's Well That Ends Well"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:All%27s_Well_That_Ends_Well" title="Template talk:All's Well That Ends Well"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:All%27s_Well_That_Ends_Well" title="Special:EditPage/Template:All's Well That Ends Well"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_All&#039;s_Well_That_Ends_Well" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/All%27s_Well_That_Ends_Well" title="All's Well That Ends Well">All's Well That Ends Well</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/All%27s_Well_That_Ends_Well#Characters" title="All's Well That Ends Well">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Bertram</li> <li>Countess of Roussillon</li> <li>Helen</li> <li>Rinaldo</li> <li>Lavatch</li> <li>Paroles</li> <li>King of France</li> <li>Lafeu</li> <li>Duke of Florence</li> <li>Widow</li> <li>Diana</li> <li>Mariana</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Helena_and_the_Countess.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Helena_and_the_Countess.jpg/100px-Helena_and_the_Countess.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Helena_and_the_Countess.jpg/150px-Helena_and_the_Countess.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Helena_and_the_Countess.jpg/200px-Helena_and_the_Countess.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1204" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/All%27s_Well_That_Ends_Well#Sources" title="All's Well That Ends Well">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Decameron" title="The Decameron">The Decameron</a></i> (<i>c.</i>1353)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Painter_(author)" title="William Painter (author)">Palace of Pleasure</a></i> (1566)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#All's_Well_That_Ends_Well" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">All's Well That Ends Well</a></i> (1981; TV)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_problem_play" title="Shakespearean problem play">Shakespearean problem play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_(mythology)#In_literature" title="Diana (mythology)">Diana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alazon" title="Alazon">Alazôn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed_trick" title="Bed trick">Bed trick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_As_You_Like_It" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:As_You_Like_It" title="Template:As You Like It"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:As_You_Like_It" title="Template talk:As You Like It"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:As_You_Like_It" title="Special:EditPage/Template:As You Like It"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_As_You_Like_It" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/As_You_Like_It" title="As You Like It">As You Like It</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Characters_in_As_You_Like_It" title="Characters in As You Like It">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosalind_(As_You_Like_It)" title="Rosalind (As You Like It)">Rosalind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_(As_You_Like_It)" title="Orlando (As You Like It)">Orlando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celia_(As_You_Like_It)" title="Celia (As You Like It)">Celia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaques_(As_You_Like_It)" title="Jaques (As You Like It)">Jaques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touchstone_(As_You_Like_It)" title="Touchstone (As You Like It)">Touchstone</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DeverellAsYouLikeIt.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/DeverellAsYouLikeIt.JPG/75px-DeverellAsYouLikeIt.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/DeverellAsYouLikeIt.JPG/113px-DeverellAsYouLikeIt.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/DeverellAsYouLikeIt.JPG/150px-DeverellAsYouLikeIt.JPG 2x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="367" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Screen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/As_You_Like_It_(1912_film)" title="As You Like It (1912 film)">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_You_Like_It_(1936_film)" title="As You Like It (1936 film)">1936</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sollu_Thambi_Sollu" title="Sollu Thambi Sollu">Sollu Thambi Sollu</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#As_You_Like_It" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">1978</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_You_Like_It_(1991_film)" title="As You Like It (1991 film)">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#As_You_Like_It" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">1994</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_You_Like_It_(2006_film)" title="As You Like It (2006 film)">2006</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/All_the_world%27s_a_stage" title="All the world's a stage">All the world's a stage</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Comedy_of_Errors" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Comedy_of_Errors" title="Template:The Comedy of Errors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Comedy_of_Errors" title="Template talk:The Comedy of Errors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Comedy_of_Errors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Comedy of Errors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Comedy_of_Errors" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Comedy_of_Errors" title="The Comedy of Errors">The Comedy of Errors</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Menaechmi" title="Menaechmi">Menaechmi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amphitryon_(Plautus_play)" title="Amphitryon (Plautus play)">Amphitryon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Tyre" title="Apollonius of Tyre">Apollonius of Tyre</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera and musicals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gli_equivoci" title="Gli equivoci">Gli equivoci</a></i> (1786)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Boys_from_Syracuse" title="The Boys from Syracuse">The Boys from Syracuse</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pozdvi%C5%BEen%C3%AD_v_Efesu" title="Pozdvižení v Efesu">Pozdvižení v Efesu</a></i> (1943)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Comedy_of_Errors_(musical)" title="The Comedy of Errors (musical)">The Comedy of Errors</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bomb-itty_of_Errors" title="The Bomb-itty of Errors">The Bomb-itty of Errors</a></i> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film/TV</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Boys_from_Syracuse_(film)" title="The Boys from Syracuse (film)">The Boys from Syracuse</a></i> (1940)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhranti_Bilas" title="Bhranti Bilas">Bhranti Bilas</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Do_Dooni_Chaar_(1968_film)" title="Do Dooni Chaar (1968 film)">Do Dooni Chaar</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Angoor_(1982_film)" title="Angoor (1982 film)">Angoor</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_Comedy_of_Errors" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">The Comedy of Errors</a></i> (1983; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Big_Business_(1988_film)" title="Big Business (1988 film)">Big Business</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ulta_Palta_(1997_film)" title="Ulta Palta (1997 film)">Ulta Palta</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bade_Miyan_Chote_Miyan_(1998_film)" title="Bade Miyan Chote Miyan (1998 film)">Bade Miyan Chote Miyan</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dam_Dama_Dam" title="Dam Dama Dam">Dam Dama Dam</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ulta_Palta_(1998_film)" title="Ulta Palta (1998 film)">Ulta Palta</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heeralal_Pannalal_(1999_film)" title="Heeralal Pannalal (1999 film)">Heeralal Pannalal</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ambuttu_Imbuttu_Embuttu" title="Ambuttu Imbuttu Embuttu">Ambuttu Imbuttu Embuttu</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baa_Bega_Chandamama" title="Baa Bega Chandamama">Baa Bega Chandamama</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Double_Di_Trouble" title="Double Di Trouble">Double Di Trouble</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cirkus_(film)" title="Cirkus (film)">Cirkus</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Baconian_theory_of_Shakespeare_authorship#Gray's_Inn_revels_1594–95" title="Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship">Gesta Grayorum</a></i> (1688)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Love&#039;s_Labour&#039;s_Lost" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Love%27s_Labour%27s_Lost" title="Template:Love's Labour's Lost"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Love%27s_Labour%27s_Lost" title="Template talk:Love's Labour's Lost"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Love%27s_Labour%27s_Lost" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Love's Labour's Lost"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Love&#039;s_Labour&#039;s_Lost" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labour%27s_Lost" title="Love's Labour's Lost">Love's Labour's Lost</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labour%27s_Lost#Characters" title="Love's Labour's Lost">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Costard" title="Costard">Costard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labour%27s_Lost#Adaptations" title="Love's Labour's Lost">Adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labor_Lost_(film)" title="Love's Labor Lost (film)">1920 animated short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labour%27s_Lost_(opera)" title="Love's Labour's Lost (opera)">1973 opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Love.27s_Labour.27s_Lost" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">TV, 1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labour%27s_Lost_(film)" title="Love's Labour's Lost (film)">2000 film</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labour%27s_Won" title="Love's Labour's Won">Love's Labour's Won</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorificabilitudinitatibus" title="Honorificabilitudinitatibus">Honorificabilitudinitatibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Worthies" title="Nine Worthies">Nine Worthies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_School_of_Night" title="The School of Night">The School of Night</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Tofte" title="Robert Tofte">Robert Tofte</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Princess_(Tennyson_poem)" title="The Princess (Tennyson poem)">The Princess</a></i> (poem; 1847)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Measure_for_Measure" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Measure_for_Measure" title="Template:Measure for Measure"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Measure_for_Measure" title="Template talk:Measure for Measure"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Measure_for_Measure" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Measure for Measure"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Measure_for_Measure" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Measure_for_Measure" title="Measure for Measure">Measure for Measure</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_(Measure_for_Measure)" title="Angelo (Measure for Measure)">Angelo</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hunt_Claudio_and_Isabella_Shakespeare_Measure_for_Measure.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/William_Hunt_Claudio_and_Isabella_Shakespeare_Measure_for_Measure.jpg/70px-William_Hunt_Claudio_and_Isabella_Shakespeare_Measure_for_Measure.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/William_Hunt_Claudio_and_Isabella_Shakespeare_Measure_for_Measure.jpg/105px-William_Hunt_Claudio_and_Isabella_Shakespeare_Measure_for_Measure.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/William_Hunt_Claudio_and_Isabella_Shakespeare_Measure_for_Measure.jpg/140px-William_Hunt_Claudio_and_Isabella_Shakespeare_Measure_for_Measure.jpg 2x" data-file-width="852" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Measure_for_Measure#Sources" title="Measure for Measure">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Hecatommithi</i> by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Giraldi" title="Giovanni Battista Giraldi">Cinthio</a></li> <li><i>Promos and Cassandra</i> by <a href="/wiki/George_Whetstone" title="George Whetstone">George Whetstone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theatrical adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Law_Against_Lovers" title="The Law Against Lovers">The Law Against Lovers</a></i> (1662)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Das_Liebesverbot" title="Das Liebesverbot">Das Liebesverbot</a></i> (1834)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Round_Heads_and_Pointed_Heads" title="Round Heads and Pointed Heads">Round Heads and Pointed Heads</a></i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Desperate_Measures_(musical)" title="Desperate Measures (musical)">Desperate Measures</a></i> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Measure_for_Measure_(1943_film)" title="Measure for Measure (1943 film)">Measure for Measure</a></i> (1943)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Measure_for_Measure" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">Measure for Measure</a></i> (1979; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Measure_for_Measure_(2020_film)" title="Measure for Measure (2020 film)">Measure for Measure</a></i> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Middleton" title="Thomas Middleton">Thomas Middleton</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mariana_(poem)" title="Mariana (poem)">Mariana</a></i> (Tennyson)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mariana_in_the_South" title="Mariana in the South">Mariana in the South</a></i> (Tennyson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bletting" title="Bletting">Bletting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed_trick" title="Bed trick">Bed trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_problem_play" title="Shakespearean problem play">Shakespearean problem play</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mariana_(Millais)" title="Mariana (Millais)">Mariana</a></i> (Millais)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Merchant_of_Venice" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Merchant_of_Venice" title="Template:The Merchant of Venice"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Merchant_of_Venice" title="Template talk:The Merchant of Venice"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Merchant_of_Venice" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Merchant of Venice"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Merchant_of_Venice" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice" title="The Merchant of Venice">The Merchant of Venice</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shylock" title="Shylock">Shylock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_(The_Merchant_of_Venice)" title="Antonio (The Merchant of Venice)">Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassanio" title="Bassanio">Bassanio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portia_(The_Merchant_of_Venice)" title="Portia (The Merchant of Venice)">Portia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_(The_Merchant_of_Venice)" title="Jessica (The Merchant of Venice)">Jessica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gesta_Romanorum" title="Gesta Romanorum">Gesta Romanorum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Pecorone" title="Il Pecorone">Il Pecorone</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Jew_of_Malta" title="The Jew of Malta">The Jew of Malta</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On screen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice_(1914_film)" title="The Merchant of Venice (1914 film)">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice_(1916_film)" title="The Merchant of Venice (1916 film)">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice_(1923_film)" title="The Merchant of Venice (1923 film)">1923</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shylock_(1940_film)" title="Shylock (1940 film)">Shylock</a></i> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice_(1953_film)" title="The Merchant of Venice (1953 film)">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice_(1961_film)" title="The Merchant of Venice (1961 film)">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice_(1969_film)" title="The Merchant of Venice (1969 film)">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice_(BBC_Television_Shakespeare)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Merchant of Venice (BBC Television Shakespeare)">1980</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice_(2004_film)" title="The Merchant of Venice (2004 film)">2004</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Incidental music: <i><a href="/wiki/Shylock_(Faur%C3%A9)" title="Shylock (Fauré)">Shylock</a></i> (1889)</li> <li>Opera: <i><a href="/wiki/Le_marchand_de_Venise" title="Le marchand de Venise">Le marchand de Venise</a></i> (1935); <i><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice_(opera)" title="The Merchant of Venice (opera)">The Merchant of Venice</a></i> (1982)</li> <li>Musical: <i><a href="/wiki/Shylock_(musical)" title="Shylock (musical)">Shylock</a></i> (1987)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Serenade_to_Music" title="Serenade to Music">Serenade to Music</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_(play)" title="The Merchant (play)">The Merchant</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shylock_(play)" title="Shylock (play)">Shylock</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yasser_(play)" title="Yasser (play)">Yasser</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Maori_Merchant_of_Venice" title="The Maori Merchant of Venice">The Maori Merchant of Venice</a></i> (2002)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/All_that_glitters_is_not_gold" title="All that glitters is not gold">All that glitters is not gold</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Between_you_and_I" title="Between you and I">Between you and I</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_quality_of_mercy" title="The quality of mercy">The quality of mercy</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" title="Template:The Merry Wives of Windsor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" title="Template talk:The Merry Wives of Windsor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Merry Wives of Windsor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" title="The Merry Wives of Windsor">The Merry Wives of Windsor</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor#Characters" title="The Merry Wives of Windsor">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Falstaff" title="John Falstaff">Falstaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistress_Quickly" title="Mistress Quickly">Mistress Quickly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Pistol" title="Ancient Pistol">Ancient Pistol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardolph_(Shakespeare_character)" title="Bardolph (Shakespeare character)">Bardolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Shallow" title="Robert Shallow">Robert Shallow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporal_Nym" title="Corporal Nym">Corporal Nym</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Johann_Heinrich_F%C3%BCssli_039.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Johann_Heinrich_F%C3%BCssli_039.jpg/150px-Johann_Heinrich_F%C3%BCssli_039.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Johann_Heinrich_F%C3%BCssli_039.jpg/225px-Johann_Heinrich_F%C3%BCssli_039.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Johann_Heinrich_F%C3%BCssli_039.jpg/300px-Johann_Heinrich_F%C3%BCssli_039.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="1617" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film/Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor_(1950_film)" title="The Merry Wives of Windsor (1950 film)">The Merry Wives of Windsor</a></i> (1950)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Overture_to_The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" title="Overture to The Merry Wives of Windsor">Overture to The Merry Wives of Windsor</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" title="BBC Television Shakespeare"><i>The Merry Wives of Windsor</i></a> (1982; TV)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera/Musical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Falstaff_(Salieri)" title="Falstaff (Salieri)">Falstaff</a></i> (1799)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor_(opera)" title="The Merry Wives of Windsor (opera)">The Merry Wives of Windsor</a></i> (1849)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Falstaff_(opera)" title="Falstaff (opera)">Falstaff</a></i> (1893)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_in_Love" title="Sir John in Love">Sir John in Love</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lone_Star_Love" title="Lone Star Love">Lone Star Love</a></i> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Banbury_cheese#Insult" title="Banbury cheese">You Banbury cheese!</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_A_Midsummer_Night&#039;s_Dream" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream" title="Template:A Midsummer Night's Dream"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream" title="Template talk:A Midsummer Night's Dream"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream" title="Special:EditPage/Template:A Midsummer Night's Dream"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_A_Midsummer_Night&#039;s_Dream" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream">A Midsummer Night's Dream</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lovers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hippolyta#Shakespeare_character" title="Hippolyta">Hippolyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberon" title="Oberon">Oberon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Titania_(A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream)" title="Titania (A Midsummer Night's Dream)">Titania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermia" title="Hermia">Hermia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lysander_(A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream)" title="Lysander (A Midsummer Night's Dream)">Lysander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_(A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream)" title="Helena (A Midsummer Night's Dream)">Helena</a> and <a href="/wiki/Demetrius_(A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream)" title="Demetrius (A Midsummer Night's Dream)">Demetrius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mechanical_(character)" title="Mechanical (character)">Mechanicals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Bottom" title="Nick Bottom">Nick Bottom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Quince" title="Peter Quince">Peter Quince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Flute" title="Francis Flute">Francis Flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Starveling" title="Robin Starveling">Robin Starveling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Snout" title="Tom Snout">Tom Snout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snug_(A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream)" title="Snug (A Midsummer Night's Dream)">Snug</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puck_(A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream)" title="Puck (A Midsummer Night's Dream)">Puck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egeus" title="Egeus">Egeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philostrate" title="Philostrate">Philostrate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Productions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(1935_film)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935 film)">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(1959_film)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (1959 film)">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(1968_film)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (1968 film)">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(1999_film)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (1999 film)">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(2017_film)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (2017 film)">2017</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(1969_film)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (1969 film)">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#A_Midsummer_Night.27s_Dream" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#A_Midsummer_Night's_Dream" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(2016_film)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (2016 film)">2016</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RSC_production_of_A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(1970)" title="RSC production of A Midsummer Night's Dream (1970)">1970</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(1909_film)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (1909 film)">A Midsummer Night's Dream</a></i> (1909, silent)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wood_Love" title="Wood Love">Wood Love</a></i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dream_of_a_Summer_Night" title="Dream of a Summer Night">Dream of a Summer Night</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Get_Over_It_(film)" title="Get Over It (film)">Get Over It</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Rave" title="A Midsummer Night's Rave">A Midsummer Night's Rave</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midsummer_Dream" title="Midsummer Dream">Midsummer Dream</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Were_the_World_Mine" title="Were the World Mine">Were the World Mine</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/10ml_Love" title="10ml Love">10ml Love</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strange_Magic_(film)" title="Strange Magic (film)">Strange Magic</a></i> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Tempest" title="A Midsummer Tempest">A Midsummer Tempest</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lords_and_Ladies_(novel)" title="Lords and Ladies (novel)">Lords and Ladies</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Gene" title="A Midsummer Night's Gene">A Midsummer Night's Gene</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer%27s_Nightmare_(novel)" title="A Midsummer's Nightmare (novel)">A Midsummer's Nightmare</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Night_(novel)" title="The Great Night (novel)">The Great Night</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(Mendelssohn)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (Mendelssohn)"><i>A Midsummer Night's Dream</i></a> (1842, Mendelssohn) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_March_(Mendelssohn)" title="Wedding March (Mendelssohn)">"Wedding March"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Shakespeare_Songs" title="Three Shakespeare Songs">Three Shakespeare Songs</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._8_(Henze)" title="Symphony No. 8 (Henze)">Symphony No. 8</a> (1992, Henze)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Sogno" title="Il Sogno">Il Sogno</a></i> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fairy-Queen" title="The Fairy-Queen">The Fairy-Queen</a></i> (1692)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyramus_and_Thisbe_(opera)" title="Pyramus and Thisbe (opera)">Pyramus and Thisbe</a></i> (1745)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Puck_(opera)" title="Puck (opera)">Puck</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(opera)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (opera)">A Midsummer Night's Dream</a></i> (1960, opera)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Enchanted_Island_(2011_opera)" title="The Enchanted Island (2011 opera)">The Enchanted Island</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Triumph_of_Beauty" title="The Triumph of Beauty">The Triumph of Beauty</a></i> (1646, <a href="/wiki/Masque" title="Masque">masque</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Eve_(play)" title="St. John's Eve (play)">St. John's Eve</a></i> (1852, play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Park_(play)" title="The Park (play)">The Park</a></i> (1983, play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Donkey_Show_(musical)" title="The Donkey Show (musical)">The Donkey Show</a></i> (1999, musical)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dreaming_(musical)" title="The Dreaming (musical)">The Dreaming</a></i> (2001, musical)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lovers_(musical)" title="The Lovers (musical)">The Lovers</a></i> (2022, musical)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sandman:_Dream_Country" title="The Sandman: Dream Country">The Sandman: Dream Country</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auberon_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Auberon (comics)">Auberon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faerie_(DC_Comics)" title="Faerie (DC Comics)">Faerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titania_(DC_Comics)" title="Titania (DC Comics)">Titania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hermia_and_Lysander_(painting)" title="Hermia and Lysander (painting)">Hermia and Lysander</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Quarrel_of_Oberon_and_Titania" title="The Quarrel of Oberon and Titania">The Quarrel of Oberon and Titania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scene_from_A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream" title="Scene from A Midsummer Night's Dream">Scene from A Midsummer Night's Dream</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Titania_and_Bottom" title="Titania and Bottom">Titania and Bottom</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ballet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream_(ballet)" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream (ballet)">A Midsummer Night's Dream</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dream_(ballet)" title="The Dream (ballet)">The Dream</a></i> (1964)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Fascination_(Star_Trek:_Deep_Space_Nine)" title="Fascination (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)">Fascination</a>" (1994, <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Deep_Space_Nine" title="Star Trek: Deep Space Nine">Star Trek: Deep Space Nine</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ShakespeaRe-Told#A_Midsummer_Night.27s_Dream" title="ShakespeaRe-Told">"A Midsummer Night's Dream"</a> (1994, <i>ShakespeaRe-Told</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer%27s_Nightmare_(film)" title="A Midsummer's Nightmare (film)">A Midsummer's Nightmare</a></i> (2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Love-in-idleness" class="mw-redirect" title="Love-in-idleness">Love-in-idleness</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyramus_and_Thisbe" title="Pyramus and Thisbe">Pyramus and Thisbe</a></i> (8 CE)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dead_Poets_Society" title="Dead Poets Society">Dead Poets Society</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Apartment_(1996_film)" title="The Apartment (1996 film)">The Apartment</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wicker_Park_(film)" title="Wicker Park (film)">Wicker Park</a></i> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Much_Ado_About_Nothing" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Much_Ado_About_Nothing" title="Template:Much Ado About Nothing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Much_Ado_About_Nothing" title="Template talk:Much Ado About Nothing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Much_Ado_About_Nothing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Much Ado About Nothing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Much_Ado_About_Nothing" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Much_Ado_About_Nothing" title="Much Ado About Nothing">Much Ado About Nothing</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Much_Ado_About_Nothing#Characters" title="Much Ado About Nothing">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_(Much_Ado_About_Nothing)" title="Beatrice (Much Ado About Nothing)">Beatrice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Pedro_(Much_Ado_About_Nothing)" title="Don Pedro (Much Ado About Nothing)">Don Pedro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogberry" title="Dogberry">Dogberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero_(Much_Ado_About_Nothing)" title="Hero (Much Ado About Nothing)">Hero</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Much_Ado_About_Nothing_by_Alfred_Elmore_1846.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Much_Ado_About_Nothing_by_Alfred_Elmore_1846.jpg/150px-Much_Ado_About_Nothing_by_Alfred_Elmore_1846.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Much_Ado_About_Nothing_by_Alfred_Elmore_1846.jpg/225px-Much_Ado_About_Nothing_by_Alfred_Elmore_1846.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Much_Ado_About_Nothing_by_Alfred_Elmore_1846.jpg/300px-Much_Ado_About_Nothing_by_Alfred_Elmore_1846.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1149" data-file-height="779" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Screen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Much_Ado_About_Nothing" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">1984</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Much_Ado_About_Nothing_(1993_film)" title="Much Ado About Nothing (1993 film)">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ShakespeaRe-Told#Much_Ado_About_Nothing" title="ShakespeaRe-Told">2005</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Much_Ado_About_Nothing_(2012_film)" title="Much Ado About Nothing (2012 film)">2012</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9atrice_et_B%C3%A9n%C3%A9dict" title="Béatrice et Bénédict">Béatrice et Bénédict</a></i> (1862)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Much_Ado_About_Nothing_(opera)" title="Much Ado About Nothing (opera)"><i>Much Ado About Nothing</i> (opera)</a> (1901)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Much_Ado" title="Much Ado">Much Ado</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Boys_Are_Coming_Home" title="The Boys Are Coming Home">The Boys Are Coming Home</a></i> (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Law_Against_Lovers" title="The Law Against Lovers">The Law Against Lovers</a></i> (1662)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dil_Chahta_Hai" title="Dil Chahta Hai">Dil Chahta Hai</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imogen_Says_Nothing" title="Imogen Says Nothing">Imogen Says Nothing</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anyone_but_You" title="Anyone but You">Anyone but You</a></i> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malapropism" title="Malapropism">Dogberryism</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Curiosity_killed_the_cat" title="Curiosity killed the cat">Curiosity killed the cat</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleaching" title="Pleaching">Pleaching</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre" title="Template:Pericles, Prince of Tyre"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre" title="Template talk:Pericles, Prince of Tyre"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pericles, Prince of Tyre"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre" title="Pericles, Prince of Tyre">Pericles, Prince of Tyre</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre#Characters" title="Pericles, Prince of Tyre">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Gower" title="John Gower">John Gower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_(mythology)" title="Diana (mythology)">Diana</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pericles_1609.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pericles_1609.jpg/90px-Pericles_1609.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pericles_1609.jpg/135px-Pericles_1609.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pericles_1609.jpg/180px-Pericles_1609.jpg 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="856" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre#Sources" title="Pericles, Prince of Tyre">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Confessio_Amantis" title="Confessio Amantis">Confessio Amantis</a></i> (1390)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pattern_of_Painful_Adventures" title="The Pattern of Painful Adventures">The Pattern of Painful Adventures</a></i> (1576)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Pericles,_Prince_of_Tyre" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">Pericles, Prince of Tyre</a></i> (1984; TV)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Wilkins" title="George Wilkins">George Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_late_romances" title="Shakespeare's late romances">Shakespeare's late romances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_apocrypha" title="Shakespeare apocrypha">Shakespeare apocrypha</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Tyre" title="Apollonius of Tyre">Apollonius of Tyre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pattern_of_Painful_Adventures_(radio_play)" title="The Pattern of Painful Adventures (radio play)"><i>The Pattern of Painful Adventures</i></a> (2008; radio)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_water" title="First water">First water</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Porpoise" title="The Porpoise">The Porpoise</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" title="Template:The Taming of the Shrew"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" title="Template talk:The Taming of the Shrew"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Taming of the Shrew"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" title="The Taming of the Shrew">The Taming of the Shrew</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katherina_(Kate)_Minola" title="Katherina (Kate) Minola">Kate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petruchio" title="Petruchio">Petruchio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bianca_Minola" title="Bianca Minola">Bianca Minola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Sly" title="Christopher Sly">Christopher Sly</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ShrewKatePetrucio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/ShrewKatePetrucio.jpg/200px-ShrewKatePetrucio.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/ShrewKatePetrucio.jpg/300px-ShrewKatePetrucio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/ShrewKatePetrucio.jpg/400px-ShrewKatePetrucio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Woman%27s_Prize" title="The Woman's Prize">The Woman's Prize</a></i> (<i>c</i>1611)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catharine_and_Petruchio" title="Catharine and Petruchio">Catharine and Petruchio</a></i> (1754)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Las_brav%C3%ADas" title="Las bravías">Las bravías</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Der_Widersp%C3%A4nstigen_Z%C3%A4hmung" title="Der Widerspänstigen Zähmung">Der Widerspänstigen Zähmung</a></i> (1872)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sly_(opera)" title="Sly (opera)">Sly, ovvero La leggenda del dormiente risvegliato</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Me,_Kate" title="Kiss Me, Kate">Kiss Me, Kate</a></i> (1948)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew_(Giannini)" title="The Taming of the Shrew (Giannini)">The Taming of the Shrew</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew_(Shebalin)" title="The Taming of the Shrew (Shebalin)">Ukroshchenye Stroptivoy</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Sly_(opera)" title="Christopher Sly (opera)">Christopher Sly</a></i> (1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Direct adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew_(1908_film)" title="The Taming of the Shrew (1908 film)">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew_(1929_film)" title="The Taming of the Shrew (1929 film)">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew_(1962_film)" title="The Taming of the Shrew (1962 film)">1962</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew_(1967_film)" title="The Taming of the Shrew (1967 film)">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">1980</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">1994</a> (TV)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Daring_Youth" title="Daring Youth">Daring Youth</a></i> (1924)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/You_Made_Me_Love_You_(film)" title="You Made Me Love You (film)">You Made Me Love You</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Second_Best_Bed" title="Second Best Bed">Second Best Bed</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew_(1942_film)" title="The Taming of the Shrew (1942 film)">The Taming of the Shrew</a></i> (1942)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Enamorada_(film)" title="Enamorada (film)">Enamorada</a></i> (1946)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Me_Kate_(film)" title="Kiss Me Kate (film)">Kiss Me Kate</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abba_Aa_Hudugi" title="Abba Aa Hudugi">Abba Aa Hudugi</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gundamma_Katha" title="Gundamma Katha">Gundamma Katha</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manithan_Maravillai" title="Manithan Maravillai">Manithan Maravillai</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/McLintock!" title="McLintock!">McLintock!</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arivaali" title="Arivaali">Arivaali</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Me_Kate_(1968_film)" title="Kiss Me Kate (1968 film)">Kiss Me Kate</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pattikada_Pattanama" title="Pattikada Pattanama">Pattikada Pattanama</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Bisbetico_Domato" title="Il Bisbetico Domato">Il Bisbetico Domato</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nanjundi_Kalyana" title="Nanjundi Kalyana">Nanjundi Kalyana</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Banarasi_Babu_(1997_film)" title="Banarasi Babu (1997 film)">Banarasi Babu</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/10_Things_I_Hate_About_You" title="10 Things I Hate About You">10 Things I Hate About You</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/O_Cravo_e_a_Rosa" title="O Cravo e a Rosa">O Cravo e a Rosa</a></i> (2000; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deliver_Us_from_Eva" title="Deliver Us from Eva">Deliver Us from Eva</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ShakespeaRe-Told#The_Taming_of_the_Shrew" title="ShakespeaRe-Told">The Taming of the Shrew</a></i> (2005; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frivolous_Wife" title="Frivolous Wife">Frivolous Wife</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/10_Things_I_Hate_About_You_(TV_series)" title="10 Things I Hate About You (TV series)">10 Things I Hate About You</a></i> (2009; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isi_Life_Mein...!" title="Isi Life Mein...!">Isi Life Mein...!</a></i> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew_in_performance" title="The Taming of the Shrew in performance"><i>The Taming of the Shrew</i> in performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Taming_of_the_Shrew_on_screen" title="The Taming of the Shrew on screen"><i>The Taming of the Shrew</i> on screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrew_(stock_character)" title="Shrew (stock character)">Shrew (stock character)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vinegar_Girl" title="Vinegar Girl">Vinegar Girl</a></i> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Tempest" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Tempest" title="Template:The Tempest"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Tempest" title="Template talk:The Tempest"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Tempest" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Tempest"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Tempest" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest" title="The Tempest">The Tempest</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prospero" title="Prospero">Prospero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miranda_(The_Tempest)" title="Miranda (The Tempest)">Miranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_(The_Tempest)" title="Ariel (The Tempest)">Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliban" title="Caliban">Caliban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sycorax" title="Sycorax">Sycorax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_(The_Tempest)" title="Ferdinand (The Tempest)">Ferdinand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_(The_Tempest)" title="Gonzalo (The Tempest)">Gonzalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephano_(The_Tempest)" title="Stephano (The Tempest)">Stephano</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hamilton_Prospero_and_Ariel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/William_Hamilton_Prospero_and_Ariel.jpg/120px-William_Hamilton_Prospero_and_Ariel.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/William_Hamilton_Prospero_and_Ariel.jpg/180px-William_Hamilton_Prospero_and_Ariel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/William_Hamilton_Prospero_and_Ariel.jpg/240px-William_Hamilton_Prospero_and_Ariel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="543" data-file-height="764" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/True_Reportory" title="True Reportory">A True Reportory of the Wracke and Redemption of Sir Thomas Gates, Knight</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Decades_of_the_New_World" title="Decades of the New World">Decades of the New World</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essays_(Montaigne)" title="Essays (Montaigne)">Montaigne's <i>Essays</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Ovid's <i>Metamorphoses</i></a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Of_Cannibals" title="Of Cannibals">Of Cannibals</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus" title="Erasmus">Erasmus's <i>Naufragium</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_dell%27arte" title="Commedia dell'arte">Commedia dell'arte</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sea_Venture" title="Sea Venture">Sea Venture</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(1908_film)" title="The Tempest (1908 film)">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(1911_film)" title="The Tempest (1911 film)">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(1960_film)" title="The Tempest (1960 film)">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(1963_film)" title="The Tempest (1963 film)">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(1979_film)" title="The Tempest (1979 film)">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_Tempest" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#The_Tempest" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(2010_film)" title="The Tempest (2010 film)">2010</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Shakespeare_Songs" title="Three Shakespeare Songs">Three Shakespeare Songs</a></i> (Vaughan Williams)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(Sullivan)" title="The Tempest (Sullivan)">The Tempest</a></i> (Sullivan)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(Sibelius)" title="The Tempest (Sibelius)">The Tempest</a></i> (Sibelius)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(Tchaikovsky)" title="The Tempest (Tchaikovsky)">The Tempest</a></i> (Tchaikovsky)</li> <li><i>The Tempest</i> (ballet) <a href="/wiki/Arne_Nordheim" title="Arne Nordheim">(Nordheim)</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Pay_the_Ferryman" title="Don't Pay the Ferryman">Don't Pay the Ferryman</a>" (1982)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Screen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Sky" title="Yellow Sky">Yellow Sky</a></i> (1948)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_Planet" title="Forbidden Planet">Forbidden Planet</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tempest_(1982_film)" title="Tempest (1982 film)">Tempest</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Journey_to_Melonia" title="The Journey to Melonia">The Journey to Melonia</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prospero%27s_Books" title="Prospero's Books">Prospero's Books</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(1998_film)" title="The Tempest (1998 film)">The Tempest</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Shitstorm" title="Shakespeare's Shitstorm">Shakespeare's Shitstorm</a></i> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mobile_Suit_Gundam:_The_Witch_from_Mercury" title="Mobile Suit Gundam: The Witch from Mercury">Mobile Suit Gundam: The Witch from Mercury</a></i> (2022-2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Painting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Scene_from_Shakespeare%27s_The_Tempest" title="Scene from Shakespeare's The Tempest">Scene from Shakespeare's The Tempest</a></i> (c, 1736-1738, Hogarth)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lured_by_Ariel" title="Ferdinand Lured by Ariel">Ferdinand Lured by Ariel</a></i> (1850, Millais)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musicals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Beach_Blanket_Tempest" title="Beach Blanket Tempest">Beach Blanket Tempest</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Return_to_the_Forbidden_Planet" title="Return to the Forbidden Planet">Return to the Forbidden Planet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amaluna" title="Amaluna">Amaluna</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(Dryden_and_D%27Avenant_play)" title="The Tempest (Dryden and D'Avenant play)">The Tempest</a></i> (Dryden)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sea_Voyage" title="The Sea Voyage">The Sea Voyage</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mock_Tempest" title="The Mock Tempest">The Mock Tempest</a></i> (1674 Duffet)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Une_Temp%C3%AAte" title="Une Tempête">Une Tempête</a></i> (1969 Césaire)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sea_(play)" title="The Sea (play)">The Sea (play)</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I%27ll_Be_The_Devil" title="I'll Be The Devil">I'll Be The Devil</a></i> (2008)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(Smith)" title="The Tempest (Smith)"><i>The Tempest</i></a> (1756 Smith)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Die_Geisterinsel" title="Die Geisterinsel">Die Geisterinsel</a></i> (libretto 1796)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_Geisterinsel_(Reichardt)" title="Die Geisterinsel (Reichardt)"><i>Die Geisterinsel</i></a> (1798 Reichardt)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_Geisterinsel_(Zumsteeg)" title="Die Geisterinsel (Zumsteeg)"><i>Die Geisterinsel</i></a> (1805 Zumsteeg)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Der_Sturm_(opera)" title="Der Sturm (opera)">Der Sturm</a></i> (1955 Martin)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noises,_Sounds_%26_Sweet_Airs" title="Noises, Sounds & Sweet Airs">Noises, Sounds & Sweet Airs</a></i> (1991 Nyman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(opera)" title="The Tempest (opera)"><i>The Tempest</i></a> (Adès 2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Enchanted_Island_(2011_opera)" title="The Enchanted Island (2011 opera)"><i>The Enchanted Island</i></a> (2011 Sams)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poetry and<br />prose fiction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Caliban_upon_Setebos" title="Caliban upon Setebos">Caliban upon Setebos</a>" (Browning)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Sea_and_the_Mirror" title="The Sea and the Mirror">The Sea and the Mirror</a>" (Auden)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Indigo_(Warner_novel)" title="Indigo (Warner novel)">Indigo</a></i> (Warner)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Tempest" title="A Midsummer Tempest">A Midsummer Tempest</a></i> (Anderson)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Island_(Rogers_novel)" title="Island (Rogers novel)">Island</a></i> (Rogers)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hag-Seed" title="Hag-Seed">Hag-Seed</a></i> (Atwood)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Watermarks" title="The Book of Watermarks">The Book of Watermarks</a></i> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Ariel%27s_Song" title="Ariel's Song">Ariel's Song</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Full_Fathom_Five_(Tempest)" class="mw-redirect" title="Full Fathom Five (Tempest)">Full fathom five</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sea_change_(idiom)" title="Sea change (idiom)">Sea change</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/What%27s_past_is_prologue" title="What's past is prologue">What's past is prologue</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sculpture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(Hebald)" title="The Tempest (Hebald)">The Tempest</a></i> (1966)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Twelfth_Night" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Twelfth_Night" title="Template:Twelfth Night"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Twelfth_Night" title="Template talk:Twelfth Night"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Twelfth_Night" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Twelfth Night"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Twelfth_Night" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night" title="Twelfth Night">Twelfth Night</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viola_(Twelfth_Night)" title="Viola (Twelfth Night)">Viola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orsino_(Twelfth_Night)" title="Orsino (Twelfth Night)">Orsino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivia_(Twelfth_Night)" title="Olivia (Twelfth Night)">Olivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_(Twelfth_Night)" title="Sebastian (Twelfth Night)">Sebastian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvolio" title="Malvolio">Malvolio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_(Twelfth_Night)" title="Maria (Twelfth Night)">Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Toby_Belch" title="Sir Toby Belch">Sir Toby Belch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Andrew_Aguecheek" title="Sir Andrew Aguecheek">Sir Andrew Aguecheek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feste" title="Feste">Feste</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:R_Staines_Malvolio_Shakespeare_Twelfth_Night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/R_Staines_Malvolio_Shakespeare_Twelfth_Night.jpg/150px-R_Staines_Malvolio_Shakespeare_Twelfth_Night.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/R_Staines_Malvolio_Shakespeare_Twelfth_Night.jpg/225px-R_Staines_Malvolio_Shakespeare_Twelfth_Night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/R_Staines_Malvolio_Shakespeare_Twelfth_Night.jpg/300px-R_Staines_Malvolio_Shakespeare_Twelfth_Night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="875" data-file-height="524" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On screen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night_(1933_film)" title="Twelfth Night (1933 film)">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night_(1955_film)" title="Twelfth Night (1955 film)">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night_(Wednesday_Theatre)" title="Twelfth Night (Wednesday Theatre)">1966</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night_(ITV_Sunday_Night_Theatre)" title="Twelfth Night (ITV Sunday Night Theatre)">1970</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Twelfth_Night" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">1980</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night_(1986_film)" title="Twelfth Night (1986 film)">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night_(1988_film)" title="Twelfth Night (1988 film)">1988</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#Twelfth_Night" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">1992</a> (TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night_(1996_film)" title="Twelfth Night (1996 film)">1996</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Your_Own_Thing" title="Your Own Thing">Your Own Thing</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Music_Is" title="Music Is">Music Is</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Play_On!" title="Play On!">Play On!</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Illyria_(musical)" title="Illyria (musical)">Illyria</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_Shook_Up_(musical)" title="All Shook Up (musical)">All Shook Up</a></i> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kanniyin_Kathali" title="Kanniyin Kathali">Kanniyin Kathali</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Just_One_of_the_Guys" title="Just One of the Guys">Just One of the Guys</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Motocrossed" title="Motocrossed">Motocrossed</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/She%27s_the_Man" title="She's the Man">She's the Man</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dil_Bole_Hadippa!" title="Dil Bole Hadippa!">Dil Bole Hadippa!</a></i> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viola_(opera)" title="Viola (opera)"><i>Viola</i></a> (unfinished)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona" title="Template:The Two Gentlemen of Verona"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona" title="Template talk:The Two Gentlemen of Verona"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Two Gentlemen of Verona"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona" title="The Two Gentlemen of Verona">The Two Gentlemen of Verona</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona#Characters" title="The Two Gentlemen of Verona">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Valentine</li> <li>Proteus</li> <li>Julia</li> <li>Silvia</li> <li>Launce</li> <li>Speed</li> <li>Crab</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Valentine_rescuing_Silvia.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Valentine_rescuing_Silvia.JPG/100px-Valentine_rescuing_Silvia.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Valentine_rescuing_Silvia.JPG/150px-Valentine_rescuing_Silvia.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Valentine_rescuing_Silvia.JPG/200px-Valentine_rescuing_Silvia.JPG 2x" data-file-width="414" data-file-height="528" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona#Sources" title="The Two Gentlemen of Verona">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_the_Governor" title="The Book of the Governor">The Boke Named the Governour</a></i> (1531)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diana_(pastoral_romance)" title="Diana (pastoral romance)">Los Siete Libros de la Diana</a></i> (1559)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Euphues" class="mw-redirect" title="Euphues">Euphues, The Anatomy of Wit</a></i> (1578)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Countess_of_Pembroke%27s_Arcadia" title="The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia">The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia</a></i> (1580)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona#Theatrical" title="The Two Gentlemen of Verona">Theatrical adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona_(musical)" title="Two Gentlemen of Verona (musical)">Two Gentlemen of Verona</a></i> (1971)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona#Film" title="The Two Gentlemen of Verona">Screen adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Spray_of_Plum_Blossoms" title="A Spray of Plum Blossoms">A Spray of Plum Blossoms</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">The Two Gentlemen of Verona</a></i> (TV; 1983)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_de_Montemor" title="Jorge de Montemor">Jorge de Montemor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Draper" title="Stuart Draper">Stuart Draper</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/An_Sylvia" title="An Sylvia">An Sylvia</a>" (1826)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_in_Love" title="Shakespeare in Love">Shakespeare in Love</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Goat,_or_Who_Is_Sylvia%3F" title="The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia?">The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia?</a></i> (2002)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" title="Template:The Two Noble Kinsmen"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" title="Template talk:The Two Noble Kinsmen"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Two Noble Kinsmen"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" title="The Two Noble Kinsmen">The Two Noble Kinsmen</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen#Characters" title="The Two Noble Kinsmen">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyta" title="Hippolyta">Hippolyta</a></li> <li>Emilia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a></li> <li>Palamon</li> <li>Arcite</li> <li>Hymen</li> <li>Lafeu</li> <li>Artesius</li> <li>Valerius</li> <li>Jailer</li> <li>Doctor</li> <li>Gerald</li> <li>Nell</li> <li>Timothy</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen_by_John_Fletcher_William_Shakespeare_1634.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen_by_John_Fletcher_William_Shakespeare_1634.jpg/70px-The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen_by_John_Fletcher_William_Shakespeare_1634.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen_by_John_Fletcher_William_Shakespeare_1634.jpg/105px-The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen_by_John_Fletcher_William_Shakespeare_1634.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen_by_John_Fletcher_William_Shakespeare_1634.jpg/140px-The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen_by_John_Fletcher_William_Shakespeare_1634.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1069" data-file-height="1495" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Knight%27s_Tale" title="The Knight's Tale">The Knight's Tale</a>" <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Canterbury_Tales" title="The Canterbury Tales">The Canterbury Tales</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_apocrypha" title="Shakespeare apocrypha">Shakespeare apocrypha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_late_romances" title="Shakespeare's late romances">Shakespeare's late romances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fletcher_(playwright)" title="John Fletcher (playwright)">John Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creon_of_Thebes" class="mw-redirect" title="Creon of Thebes">Creon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Davenant" title="William Davenant">William Davenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoolball" title="Stoolball">Stoolball</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Masque_of_the_Inner_Temple_and_Gray%27s_Inn" title="The Masque of the Inner Temple and Gray's Inn">The Masque of the Inner Temple and Gray's Inn</a></i> (1613)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Winter&#039;s_Tale" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Winter%27s_Tale" title="Template:The Winter's Tale"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Winter%27s_Tale" title="Template talk:The Winter's Tale"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Winter%27s_Tale" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Winter's Tale"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_The_Winter&#039;s_Tale" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Winter%27s_Tale" title="The Winter's Tale">The Winter's Tale</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Winter%27s_Tale#Characters" title="The Winter's Tale">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leontes" title="Leontes">Leontes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perdita_(The_Winter%27s_Tale)" title="Perdita (The Winter's Tale)">Perdita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florizel_(The_Winter%27s_Tale)" title="Florizel (The Winter's Tale)">Florizel</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Opie_-_Winter%27s_Tale,_Act_II._Scene_III.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/John_Opie_-_Winter%27s_Tale%2C_Act_II._Scene_III.jpg/100px-John_Opie_-_Winter%27s_Tale%2C_Act_II._Scene_III.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/John_Opie_-_Winter%27s_Tale%2C_Act_II._Scene_III.jpg/150px-John_Opie_-_Winter%27s_Tale%2C_Act_II._Scene_III.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/John_Opie_-_Winter%27s_Tale%2C_Act_II._Scene_III.jpg/200px-John_Opie_-_Winter%27s_Tale%2C_Act_II._Scene_III.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7012" data-file-height="5584" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Winter%27s_Tale#Sources" title="The Winter's Tale">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Countess_of_Pembroke%27s_Arcadia" title="The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia">The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia</a></i> (<i>c.</i>1580)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pandosto" title="Pandosto">Pandosto</a></i> (1588)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oberon,_the_Faery_Prince" title="Oberon, the Faery Prince">Oberon, the Faery Prince</a></i> (1611)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Winter%27s_Tale_(1910_film)" title="The Winter's Tale (1910 film)">The Winter's Tale</a></i> (1910)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Winter%27s_Tale_(1967_film)" title="The Winter's Tale (1967 film)">The Winter's Tale</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_Winter.27s_Tale" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">The Winter's Tale</a></i> (1981)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#The_Winter.27s_Tale" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">The Winter's Tale</a>" (1994)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hermione_(opera)" title="Hermione (opera)">Hermione</a></i> (1872 opera)</li> <li><i><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perdita" class="extiw" title="cz:Perdita">Perdita</a></i> (1897 opera)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Winter%27s_Tale_(ballet)" title="The Winter's Tale (ballet)">The Winter's Tale</a></i> (2014 ballet)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Winter%27s_Tale_(opera)" title="The Winter's Tale (opera)">The Winter's Tale</a></i> (2017 opera)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Shakespearean_history" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Shakespearean_history" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_history" title="Shakespearean history">Shakespearean history</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_King_John" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:King_John" title="Template:King John"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:King_John" title="Template talk:King John"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:King_John" title="Special:EditPage/Template:King John"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_King_John" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/King_John_(play)" title="King John (play)">King John</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/King_John_(play)#Characters" title="King John (play)">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_England" title="John, King of England">King John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Aquitaine" title="Eleanor of Aquitaine">Queen Eleanor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_England" title="Henry III of England">Prince Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_Castile" title="Blanche of Castile">Blanche of Castile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Fitz_Peter,_1st_Earl_of_Essex" title="Geoffrey Fitz Peter, 1st Earl of Essex">Earl of Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Longesp%C3%A9e,_3rd_Earl_of_Salisbury" title="William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury">Earl of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Marshal,_1st_Earl_of_Pembroke" title="William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke">Earl of Pembroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Bigod,_2nd_Earl_of_Norfolk" title="Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk">Lord Bigot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_of_Cognac" title="Philip of Cognac">Philip Faulconbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_France" title="Philip II of France">King Philip of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VIII_of_France" title="Louis VIII of France">Louis the Dauphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance,_Duchess_of_Brittany" title="Constance, Duchess of Brittany">Lady Constance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_I,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Arthur I, Duke of Brittany">Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandulf_Verraccio" title="Pandulf Verraccio">Cardinal Pandulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_de_Burgh,_1st_Earl_of_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent">Hubert</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shakespeare%27s_King_John_at_Drury_Lane_Theatre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Shakespeare%27s_King_John_at_Drury_Lane_Theatre.jpg/100px-Shakespeare%27s_King_John_at_Drury_Lane_Theatre.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Shakespeare%27s_King_John_at_Drury_Lane_Theatre.jpg/150px-Shakespeare%27s_King_John_at_Drury_Lane_Theatre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Shakespeare%27s_King_John_at_Drury_Lane_Theatre.jpg/200px-Shakespeare%27s_King_John_at_Drury_Lane_Theatre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10170" data-file-height="7467" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/King_John_(play)#Sources" title="King John (play)">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Holinshed%27s_Chronicles" title="Holinshed's Chronicles">Holinshed's Chronicles</a></i> (1577)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Troublesome_Reign_of_King_John" title="The Troublesome Reign of King John">The Troublesome Reign of King John</a></i> (<i>c.</i>1589)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/King_John_(film)" title="King John (film)">King John</a></i> (1899)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Said-e-Havas" title="Said-e-Havas">Said-e-Havas</a></i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_Life_and_Death_of_King_John" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">The Life and Death of King John </a></i> (1984; TV)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Johan" title="King Johan">King Johan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_John,_King_of_England" title="Cultural depictions of John, King of England">Cultural depictions of John, King of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-French_War_(1213%E2%80%931214)" title="Anglo-French War (1213–1214)">Anglo-French War (1213–1214)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Edward_III" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Edward_III" title="Template:Edward III"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Edward_III" title="Template talk:Edward III"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Edward_III" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Edward III"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Edward_III" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Edward_III_(play)" title="Edward III (play)">Edward III</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Edward_III_(play)#Characters" title="Edward III (play)">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">English</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_III_of_England" title="Edward III of England">Edward III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippa_of_Hainault" title="Philippa of Hainault">Queen Philippa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_the_Black_Prince" title="Edward the Black Prince">Edward the Black Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Montagu,_1st_Earl_of_Salisbury" title="William Montagu, 1st Earl of Salisbury">Earl of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Grandison,_Countess_of_Salisbury" title="Catherine Grandison, Countess of Salisbury">Countess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beauchamp,_11th_Earl_of_Warwick" title="Thomas Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick">Earl of Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Montagu,_2nd_Earl_of_Salisbury" title="William Montagu, 2nd Earl of Salisbury">Sir William Montague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Grosmont,_Duke_of_Lancaster" title="Henry of Grosmont, Duke of Lancaster">Earl of Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Audley_(died_1369)" title="James Audley (died 1369)">Lord Audley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Percy,_2nd_Baron_Percy" title="Henry Percy, 2nd Baron Percy">Lord Percy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_III_of_Artois" title="Robert III of Artois">Robert of Artois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Montfort" title="John of Montfort">Lord Montfort</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">French</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_II_of_France" title="John II of France">King John II of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V_of_France" title="Charles V of France">Prince Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Bold" title="Philip the Bold">Prince Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolph,_Duke_of_Lorraine" title="Rudolph, Duke of Lorraine">Duke of Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Bohemia" title="John of Bohemia">King of Bohemia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scottish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_II_of_Scotland" title="David II of Scotland">King David of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Douglas,_1st_Earl_of_Douglas" title="William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas">Sir William Douglas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_the_third_title_page_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Edward_the_third_title_page_%282%29.jpg/100px-Edward_the_third_title_page_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Edward_the_third_title_page_%282%29.jpg/150px-Edward_the_third_title_page_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Edward_the_third_title_page_%282%29.jpg/200px-Edward_the_third_title_page_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="572" data-file-height="837" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Edward_III_(play)#Sources" title="Edward III (play)">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Froissart%27s_Chronicles" title="Froissart's Chronicles">Froissart's Chronicles</a></i> (<i>c.</i>1370)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Painter_(author)" title="William Painter (author)">Palace of Pleasure</a></i> (1566)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Holinshed%27s_Chronicles" title="Holinshed's Chronicles">Holinshed's Chronicles</a></i> (1577)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_apocrypha" title="Shakespeare apocrypha">Shakespeare apocrypha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kyd" title="Thomas Kyd">Thomas Kyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Peele" title="George Peele">George Peele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Greene_(dramatist)" title="Robert Greene (dramatist)">Robert Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_War" title="Hundred Years' War">Hundred Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Halidon_Hill" title="Battle of Halidon Hill">Battle of Halidon Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Calais_(1346%E2%80%931347)" title="Siege of Calais (1346–1347)">Siege of Calais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cr%C3%A9cy" title="Battle of Crécy">Battle of Crécy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Poitiers" title="Battle of Poitiers">Battle of Poitiers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Henriad" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Henriad" title="Template:Henriad"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Henriad" title="Template talk:Henriad"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Henriad" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Henriad"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Henriad" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Henriad" title="Henriad">Henriad</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_II_(play)" title="Richard II (play)">Richard II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Part_1" title="Henry IV, Part 1">Henry IV, Part 1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Part_2" title="Henry IV, Part 2">Henry IV, Part 2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_(play)" title="Henry V (play)">Henry V</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On screen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Richard II</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Richard_II_(1954_film)" title="King Richard II (1954 film)">King Richard II</a></i> (1954; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Age_of_Kings" title="An Age of Kings">An Age of Kings</a></i> (1960; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Life_and_Death_of_King_Richard_II_(1960_film)" title="The Life and Death of King Richard II (1960 film)">The Life and Death of King Richard II</a></i> (1960; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#King_Richard_the_Second" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">King Richard the Second</a></i> (1979; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_the_Second" title="Richard the Second">Richard the Second</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollow_Crown_(TV_series)" title="The Hollow Crown (TV series)">The Hollow Crown</a></i>: <i><a href="/wiki/Richard_II_(The_Hollow_Crown)" title="Richard II (The Hollow Crown)">Richard II</a></i> (2012; TV)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Henry IV, Part 1</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Age_of_Kings" title="An Age of Kings">An Age of Kings</a></i> (1960; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chimes_at_Midnight" title="Chimes at Midnight">Chimes at Midnight</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_First_Part_of_King_Henry_the_Fourth,_with_the_life_and_death_of_Henry_surnamed_Hotspur" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">Henry the Fouth, Part I</a></i> (1979; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollow_Crown_(TV_series)" title="The Hollow Crown (TV series)">The Hollow Crown</a></i>: <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Part_I_and_Part_II_(The_Hollow_Crown)" title="Henry IV, Part I and Part II (The Hollow Crown)">Henry IV, Part 1</a></i> (2012; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_King_(2019_film)" title="The King (2019 film)">The King</a></i> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Henry IV, Part 2</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Age_of_Kings" title="An Age of Kings">An Age of Kings</a></i> (1960; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chimes_at_Midnight" title="Chimes at Midnight">Chimes at Midnight</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_Second_Part_of_King_Henry_the_Fourth_containing_his_Death:_and_the_Coronation_of_King_Henry_the_Fift" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">Henry the Fourth, Part II</a></i> (1979; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollow_Crown_(TV_series)" title="The Hollow Crown (TV series)">The Hollow Crown</a></i>: <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Part_I_and_Part_II_(The_Hollow_Crown)" title="Henry IV, Part I and Part II (The Hollow Crown)">Henry IV, Part 2</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_King_(2019_film)" title="The King (2019 film)">The King</a></i> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Henry V</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_(1944_film)" title="Henry V (1944 film)">Henry V</a></i> (1944)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Age_of_Kings" title="An Age of Kings">An Age of Kings</a></i> (1960; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chimes_at_Midnight" title="Chimes at Midnight">Chimes at Midnight</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_Life_of_Henry_the_Fift" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">Henry the Fifth</a></i> (1979; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_(1989_film)" title="Henry V (1989 film)">Henry V</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollow_Crown_(TV_series)" title="The Hollow Crown (TV series)">The Hollow Crown</a></i>: <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_(The_Hollow_Crown)" title="Henry V (The Hollow Crown)">Henry V</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_King_(2019_film)" title="The King (2019 film)">The King</a></i> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Pistol" title="Ancient Pistol">Ancient Pistol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardolph_(Shakespeare_character)" title="Bardolph (Shakespeare character)">Bardolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VI_of_France" title="Charles VI of France">Charles VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporal_Nym" title="Corporal Nym">Corporal Nym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doll_Tearsheet" title="Doll Tearsheet">Doll Tearsheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Falstaff" title="John Falstaff">Falstaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluellen" title="Fluellen">Fluellen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_England" title="Henry IV of England">Henry IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_of_England" title="Henry V of England">Henry V</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Hal" title="Prince Hal">Prince Hal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r" title="Owain Glyndŵr">Owain Glyndŵr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Glendower_(Shakespeare_character)" title="Owen Glendower (Shakespeare character)">Owen Glendower</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ned_Poins" title="Ned Poins">Poins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistress_Quickly" title="Mistress Quickly">Nell Quickly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_II_of_England" title="Richard II of England">Richard II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Shallow" title="Robert Shallow">Robert Shallow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Holinshed%27s_Chronicles" title="Holinshed's Chronicles">Holinshed's Chronicles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Famous_Victories_of_Henry_V" title="The Famous Victories of Henry V">The Famous Victories of Henry V</a></i> (<i>c.</i>1585)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_of_Woodstock_(play)" title="Thomas of Woodstock (play)">Thomas of Woodstock</a></i> (<i>c.</i>1593)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" title="The Merry Wives of Windsor">The Merry Wives of Windsor</a></i> (<i>c.</i>1597)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Oldcastle" title="Sir John Oldcastle">Sir John Oldcastle</a></i> (1599)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Falstaff%27s_Wedding" title="Falstaff's Wedding">Falstaff's Wedding</a></i> (1760)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Falstaff_(Elgar)" title="Falstaff (Elgar)">Falstaff</a></i> (1913)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/At_the_Boar%27s_Head" title="At the Boar's Head">At the Boar's Head</a></i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Suite_from_Henry_V" title="Suite from Henry V">Suite from Henry V</a></i> (1963)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_first_historical_tetralogy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Shakespeare_tetralogy" title="Template:Shakespeare tetralogy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Shakespeare_tetralogy" title="Template talk:Shakespeare tetralogy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Shakespeare_tetralogy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Shakespeare tetralogy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_first_historical_tetralogy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s first historical tetralogy</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_1" title="Henry VI, Part 1">Henry VI, Part 1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_2" title="Henry VI, Part 2">Henry VI, Part 2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_3" title="Henry VI, Part 3">Henry VI, Part 3</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(play)" title="Richard III (play)">Richard III</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters<br />and events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_1#Characters" title="Henry VI, Part 1">1 Henry VI</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester">Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beaufort,_Duke_of_Exeter" title="Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter">Duke of Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Talbot,_1st_Earl_of_Shrewsbury" title="John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury">Lord Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford" title="John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford">Duke of Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_of_York,_3rd_Duke_of_York" title="Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York">Richard, Duke of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Beaufort" title="Henry Beaufort">Bishop of Winchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_de_la_Pole,_1st_Duke_of_Suffolk" title="William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk">Earl of Suffolk</a></li> <li>Duke of Somerset (conflation of <a href="/wiki/John_Beaufort,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset" title="John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset">John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Beaufort,_2nd_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset">Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_de_Beauchamp,_13th_Earl_of_Warwick" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick">Earl of Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Montagu,_4th_Earl_of_Salisbury" title="Thomas Montagu, 4th Earl of Salisbury">Earl of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Talbot,_1st_Viscount_Lisle" title="John Talbot, 1st Viscount Lisle">John Talbot</a></li> <li>Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March (conflation of <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Mortimer_(1376-1409)" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmund Mortimer (1376-1409)">Sir Edmund Mortimer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Mortimer,_5th_Earl_of_March" title="Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March">Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fastolf" title="John Fastolf">Sir John Fastolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VII_of_France" title="Charles VII of France">Charles the Dauphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc" title="Joan of Arc">Joan la Pucelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Anjou" title="Margaret of Anjou">Margaret of Anjou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_of_Anjou" title="René of Anjou">Reignier, Duke of Anjou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_II,_Duke_of_Alen%C3%A7on" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean II, Duke of Alençon">Duke of Alençon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Dunois" title="Jean de Dunois">Bastard of Orléans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Good" title="Philip the Good">Duke of Burgundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_d%27Arc" title="Jacques d'Arc">Jacques d'Arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Siege of Orléans">Siege of Orléans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Patay" title="Battle of Patay">Battle of Patay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_2#Characters" title="Henry VI, Part 2">2 Henry VI</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Anjou" title="Margaret of Anjou">Queen Margaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester">Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_of_York,_3rd_Duke_of_York" title="Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York">Richard, Duke of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neville,_5th_Earl_of_Salisbury" title="Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury">Earl of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neville,_16th_Earl_of_Warwick" title="Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick">Earl of Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Beaufort" title="Henry Beaufort">Cardinal of Winchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_de_la_Pole,_1st_Duke_of_Suffolk" title="William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk">Duke of Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Stafford,_1st_Duke_of_Buckingham" title="Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham">Duke of Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cade" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Cade">Jack Cade</a></li> <li>Duke of Somerset (conflation of <a href="/wiki/John_Beaufort,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset" title="John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset">John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Beaufort,_2nd_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset">Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor,_Duchess_of_Gloucester" title="Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester">Duchess of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward IV of England">Edward Plantagenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_of_England" title="Richard III of England">Richard Plantagenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Clifford,_8th_Baron_de_Clifford" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Clifford, 8th Baron de Clifford">Lord Clifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Clifford,_9th_Baron_de_Clifford" class="mw-redirect" title="John Clifford, 9th Baron de Clifford">Young Clifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margery_Jourdemayne" title="Margery Jourdemayne">Margery Jourdayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fiennes,_1st_Baron_Saye_and_Sele" title="James Fiennes, 1st Baron Saye and Sele">Lord Saye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_de_Scales,_7th_Baron_Scales" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas de Scales, 7th Baron Scales">Lord Scales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_St_Albans" title="First Battle of St Albans">First Battle of St Albans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasants%27_Revolt" title="Peasants' Revolt">Peasants' Revolt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_3#Characters" title="Henry VI, Part 3">3 Henry VI</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Anjou" title="Margaret of Anjou">Queen Margaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_of_York,_3rd_Duke_of_York" title="Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York">Richard, Duke of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neville,_16th_Earl_of_Warwick" title="Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick">Earl of Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward IV of England">Edward IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_of_England" title="Richard III of England">Richard, Duke of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Plantagenet,_1st_Duke_of_Clarence" class="mw-redirect" title="George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence">George, Duke of Clarence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_of_Westminster,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales">Edward, Prince of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Clifford,_9th_Baron_de_Clifford" class="mw-redirect" title="John Clifford, 9th Baron de Clifford">Lord Clifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Woodville" title="Elizabeth Woodville">Lady Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Neville,_1st_Marquess_of_Montagu" title="John Neville, 1st Marquess of Montagu">Montague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_de_Vere,_12th_Earl_of_Oxford" title="John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford">Earl of Oxford</a></li> <li>Duke of Somerset (conflation of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Beaufort,_3rd_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset">Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Beaufort_(died_1471)" title="Edmund Beaufort (died 1471)">Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hastings,_1st_Baron_Hastings" title="William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings">Lord Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stanley_(Battle_of_Bosworth)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Stanley (Battle of Bosworth)">Sir William Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Percy,_3rd_Earl_of_Northumberland" title="Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland">Earl of Northumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Holland,_3rd_Duke_of_Exeter" title="Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter">Duke of Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_de_Mowbray,_3rd_Duke_of_Norfolk" class="mw-redirect" title="John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk">Duke of Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Neville,_2nd_Earl_of_Westmorland" title="Ralph Neville, 2nd Earl of Westmorland">Earl of Westmorland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Woodville,_2nd_Earl_Rivers" title="Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers">Lord Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund,_Earl_of_Rutland" title="Edmund, Earl of Rutland">Edmund, Earl of Rutland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England" title="Henry VII of England">Henry, Earl of Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XI of France">Louis XI of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bona_of_Savoy" title="Bona of Savoy">Bona of Savoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_V_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward V of England">Prince Edward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Herbert,_1st_Earl_of_Pembroke_(died_1469)" title="William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (died 1469)">Earl of Pembroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Stafford,_1st_Earl_of_Devon" title="Humphrey Stafford, 1st Earl of Devon">Lord Stafford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_V_de_Bueil" title="Jean V de Bueil">Lord Bourbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Towton" title="Battle of Towton">Battle of Towton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Barnet" title="Battle of Barnet">Battle of Barnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wakefield" title="Battle of Wakefield">Battle of Wakefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_St_Albans" title="Second Battle of St Albans">Second Battle of St Albans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tewkesbury" title="Battle of Tewkesbury">Battle of Tewkesbury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(play)#Characters" title="Richard III (play)"><i>Richard III</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_of_England" title="Richard III of England">Richard III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Stafford,_2nd_Duke_of_Buckingham" title="Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham">Duke of Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Woodville" title="Elizabeth Woodville">Queen Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecily_Neville,_Duchess_of_York" title="Cecily Neville, Duchess of York">Duchess of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Anjou" title="Margaret of Anjou">Queen Margaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Neville" title="Anne Neville">Lady Neville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Plantagenet,_1st_Duke_of_Clarence" class="mw-redirect" title="George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence">George, Duke of Clarence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward IV of England">Edward IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hastings,_1st_Baron_Hastings" title="William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings">Lord Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Stanley,_1st_Earl_of_Derby" title="Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby">Lord Stanley, Earl of Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England" title="Henry VII of England">Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Catesby" title="William Catesby">Sir William Catesby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ratcliffe" title="Richard Ratcliffe">Sir Richard Ratcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Woodville,_2nd_Earl_Rivers" title="Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers">Lord Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Grey,_1st_Marquess_of_Dorset" title="Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset">Marquis of Dorset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Tyrrell" title="James Tyrrell">Sir James Tyrrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Grey" title="Richard Grey">Lord Richard Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_V_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward V of England">Prince Edward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_of_Shrewsbury,_Duke_of_York" title="Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York">Richard, Duke of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Plantagenet,_17th_Earl_of_Warwick" title="Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick">Earl of Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Pole,_Countess_of_Salisbury" title="Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury">Countess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Howard,_1st_Duke_of_Norfolk" title="John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk">Duke of Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bourchier_(cardinal)" title="Thomas Bourchier (cardinal)">Archbishop of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rotherham" title="Thomas Rotherham">Archbishop of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_2nd_Duke_of_Norfolk" title="Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk">Earl of Surrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Vaughan_(died_1483)" title="Thomas Vaughan (died 1483)">Sir Thomas Vaughan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Urswick" title="Christopher Urswick">Sir Christopher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brackenbury" title="Robert Brackenbury">Robert Brackenbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Lovell,_1st_Viscount_Lovell" title="Francis Lovell, 1st Viscount Lovell">Lord Lovel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Ghost of Henry VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_of_Westminster,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales">Ghost of Edward, Prince of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Shaa" title="Edmund Shaa">Lord Mayor of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_de_Vere,_13th_Earl_of_Oxford" title="John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford">Earl of Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Blount_(English_soldier)" title="James Blount (English soldier)">Sir James Blunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Brandon_(standard-bearer)" title="William Brandon (standard-bearer)">Sir William Brandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Morton_(cardinal)" title="John Morton (cardinal)">Bishop of Ely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Long_(died_1490)" title="Henry Long (died 1490)">Sheriff of Wiltshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_the_Roses" title="Wars of the Roses">Wars of the Roses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princes_in_the_Tower" title="Princes in the Tower">Princes in the Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bosworth_Field" title="Battle of Bosworth Field">Battle of Bosworth Field</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On screen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tetralogy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Age_of_Kings" title="An Age of Kings">An Age of Kings</a></i> (1960; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wars_of_the_Roses_(adaptation)" title="The Wars of the Roses (adaptation)">The Wars of the Roses</a></i> (1965; TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_First_Part_of_Henry_the_Sixt" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">BBC Television Shakespeare</a> (1983; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollow_Crown_(TV_series)" title="The Hollow Crown (TV series)">The Hollow Crown</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_1_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VI, Part 1 (film)">Henry VI, Part 1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Part_2_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VI, Part 2 (film)">Henry VI, Part 2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(2016_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard III (2016 film)">Richard III</a></i> (2016; TV)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(play)#Film" title="Richard III (play)">Richard III</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(1912_film)" title="Richard III (1912 film)">The Life and Death of King Richard III</a></i> (1912)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(1955_film)" title="Richard III (1955 film)">Richard III</a></i> (1955)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Foretelling" title="The Foretelling">The Foretelling</a>" (1983; TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare:_The_Animated_Tales#Richard_III" title="Shakespeare: The Animated Tales">"King Richard III"</a> (1994; TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(1995_film)" title="Richard III (1995 film)"><i>Richard III</i></a> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Looking_for_Richard" title="Looking for Richard">Looking for Richard</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(2007_film)" title="Richard III (2007 film)">Richard III</a></i> (2007)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mirror_for_Magistrates" title="The Mirror for Magistrates">The Mirror for Magistrates</a></i> (1559)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Holinshed%27s_Chronicles" title="Holinshed's Chronicles">Holinshed's Chronicles</a></i> (1577)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richardus_Tertius" title="Richardus Tertius">Richardus Tertius</a></i> (1580)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spanish_Tragedy" title="The Spanish Tragedy">The Spanish Tragedy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_True_Tragedy_of_Richard_III" title="The True Tragedy of Richard III">The True Tragedy of Richard III</a></i> (<i>c.</i>1590)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical context</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_War" title="Hundred Years' War">Hundred Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_the_Roses" title="Wars of the Roses">Wars of the Roses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Plantagenet" title="House of Plantagenet">House of Plantagenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_York" title="House of York">House of York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lancaster" title="House of Lancaster">House of Lancaster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Let%27s_kill_all_the_lawyers" title="Let's kill all the lawyers">Let's kill all the lawyers</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Even_a_worm_will_turn" title="Even a worm will turn">Even a worm will turn</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(1699_play)" title="Richard III (1699 play)">The Tragical History of King Richard the Third</a></i> (1699)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/David_Garrick_as_Richard_III" title="David Garrick as Richard III">David Garrick as Richard III</a></i> (1745)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Henry_VIII" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Henry_VIII" title="Template:Henry VIII"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Henry_VIII" title="Template talk:Henry VIII"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Henry_VIII" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Henry VIII"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Henry_VIII" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_(play)" title="Henry VIII (play)">Henry VIII</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wolsey" title="Thomas Wolsey">Cardinal Wolsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Aragon" title="Catherine of Aragon">Queen Katherine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Boleyn" title="Anne Boleyn">Anne Bullen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Stafford,_3rd_Duke_of_Buckingham" title="Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham">Duke of Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer" title="Thomas Cranmer">Thomas Cranmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gardiner" title="Stephen Gardiner">Stephen Gardiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Somerset,_1st_Earl_of_Worcester" title="Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester">Lord Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_2nd_Duke_of_Norfolk" title="Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk">Duke of Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Brandon,_1st_Duke_of_Suffolk" title="Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk">Duke of Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_3rd_Duke_of_Norfolk" title="Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk">Earl of Surrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Campeggio" title="Lorenzo Campeggio">Cardinal Campeius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustace_Chapuys" title="Eustace Chapuys">Capucius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cromwell" title="Thomas Cromwell">Thomas Cromwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sandys,_1st_Baron_Sandys" title="William Sandys, 1st Baron Sandys">Lord Sands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Nevill,_5th_Baron_Bergavenny" title="George Nevill, 5th Baron Bergavenny">Lord Abergavenny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">Lord Chancellor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Longland" title="John Longland">Bishop of Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lovell" title="Thomas Lovell">Thomas Lovell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Guildford" title="Henry Guildford">Henry Guildford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Vaux,_1st_Baron_Vaux_of_Harrowden" title="Nicholas Vaux, 1st Baron Vaux of Harrowden">Nicholas Vaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Denny" title="Anthony Denny">Anthony Denny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Butts" title="William Butts">Dr. Butts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wriothesley" title="Thomas Wriothesley">Garter King-of-Arms</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Folio,_Shakespeare_-_0558.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/First_Folio%2C_Shakespeare_-_0558.jpg/100px-First_Folio%2C_Shakespeare_-_0558.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/First_Folio%2C_Shakespeare_-_0558.jpg/150px-First_Folio%2C_Shakespeare_-_0558.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/First_Folio%2C_Shakespeare_-_0558.jpg/200px-First_Folio%2C_Shakespeare_-_0558.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1248" data-file-height="1744" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/George_Cavendish_(writer)#Writings_and_Influence" title="George Cavendish (writer)">Thomas Wolsey, Late Cardinall, his Lyffe and Deathe</a></i> (1558)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Holinshed%27s_Chronicles" title="Holinshed's Chronicles">Holinshed's Chronicles</a></i> (1577)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_(film)" title="Henry VIII (film)">Henry VIII</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#The_Famous_History_of_the_Life_of_King_Henry_the_Eight" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight</a></i> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Fletcher_(playwright)" title="John Fletcher (playwright)">John Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Henry_VIII" title="Cultural depictions of Henry VIII">Cultural depictions of Henry VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Anne_Boleyn" title="Cultural depictions of Anne Boleyn">Cultural depictions of Anne Boleyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globe_Theatre" title="Globe Theatre">Globe Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Henry_VIII_(play)" title="Category:Henry VIII (play)">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_family_tree" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:William_Shakespeare_family_tree" title="Template:William Shakespeare family tree"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:William_Shakespeare_family_tree" title="Template talk:William Shakespeare family tree"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:William_Shakespeare_family_tree" title="Special:EditPage/Template:William Shakespeare family tree"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_family_tree" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a>'s family tree</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:50%;text-align: left; font-size: smaller;;white-space: normal;"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B4D8E7; color:black;"> </span> Direct ascendants and descendants of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a> are shown with a blue background</div> <div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFAEAE; color:black;"> </span> Shakespeare's siblings are shown with a red background</div> <div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFF0AA; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Anne_Hathaway_(wife_of_Shakespeare)" title="Anne Hathaway (wife of Shakespeare)">Anne Hathaway</a> and ascendants are shown with a yellow background</div> <div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B0E57C; color:black;"> </span> People related to Shakespeare only through marriage are shown with a green background</div> <div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#CCCCCC; color:black;"> </span> Relations whose identity is not known are shown with a dashed border</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;font-size: smaller;;white-space: normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Pictogram_voting_comment.svg/18px-Pictogram_voting_comment.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Pictogram_voting_comment.svg/27px-Pictogram_voting_comment.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Pictogram_voting_comment.svg/36px-Pictogram_voting_comment.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></span></span> Years given are usually approximate and typically reflect baptismal and burial years, rather than birth and death.<br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Pictogram_voting_comment.svg/18px-Pictogram_voting_comment.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Pictogram_voting_comment.svg/27px-Pictogram_voting_comment.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Pictogram_voting_comment.svg/36px-Pictogram_voting_comment.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></span></span> For remarriages, the number in parentheses after the name indicates the order of the marriages.</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_William_Shakespeare.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Family arms, granted in 1596"><img alt="Family arms, granted in 1596" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coat_of_arms_of_William_Shakespeare.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_William_Shakespeare.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coat_of_arms_of_William_Shakespeare.svg/300px-Coat_of_arms_of_William_Shakespeare.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coat_of_arms_of_William_Shakespeare.svg/400px-Coat_of_arms_of_William_Shakespeare.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="702" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;font-size: smaller;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; float: left; margin: 1em auto;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shakespeare" title="Richard Shakespeare">Richard<br />Shakespeare</a><br /><small>(1490–before 1561)</small></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;border-color: #CCCCCC; border-style: dashed; border-width: 1px"><small style="color: #CCCCCC">(unknown)</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;border-color: #CCCCCC; border-style: dashed; border-width: 1px"><small style="color: #CCCCCC">(unknown)</small></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7">Robert<br />Arden<br /><small>(died 1556)</small></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7"><a href="/wiki/John_Shakespeare" title="John Shakespeare">John<br />Shakespeare</a><br /><small>(c. 1531–1601)</small></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Shakespeare" title="Mary Shakespeare">Mary<br />Arden</a><br /><small>(c. 1537–1608)</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;border-color: #CCCCCC; border-style: dashed; border-width: 1px"><small style="color: #CCCCCC">(unknown) (1)</small></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;border-width: 1px; background: #FFF0AA;">Richard<br />Hathaway<br /><small>(–1581)</small></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;border-width: 1px; background: #B0E57C;">Joan<br />Hathaway (2)<br /><small>(–1599)</small></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #FFAEAE">Joan<br /><small>(1558–1558)</small></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #FFAEAE">Margaret<br /><small>(1562–1563)</small></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #FFAEAE"><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Shakespeare" title="Gilbert Shakespeare">Gilbert<br />Shakespeare</a><br /><small>(1566–1612)</small></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #FFAEAE"><a href="/wiki/Joan_Shakespeare" title="Joan Shakespeare">Joan<br />Shakespeare</a><br /><small>(1569–1646)</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7; border-width: 3px;"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William<br />Shakespeare</a></b><br /><small>(1564–1616)</small></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #FFF0AA"><a href="/wiki/Anne_Hathaway_(wife_of_Shakespeare)" title="Anne Hathaway (wife of Shakespeare)">Anne<br />Hathaway</a><br /><small>(1555–1623)</small></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #FFAEAE">Anne<br /><small>(1571–1579)</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #FFAEAE">Richard<br /><small>(1574–1613)</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #FFAEAE"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Shakespeare" title="Edmund Shakespeare">Edmund<br />Shakespeare</a><br /><small>(1580–1607)</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;border-width: 1px; background: #B0E57C;"><a href="/wiki/John_Hall_(physician)" title="John Hall (physician)">John<br />Hall</a><br /><small>(1575–1635)</small></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7"><a href="/wiki/Susanna_Hall" title="Susanna Hall">Susanna<br />Hall</a><br /><small>(1583–1649)</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7"><a href="/wiki/Judith_Quiney" title="Judith Quiney">Judith<br />Quiney</a><br /><small>(1585–1662)</small></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;border-width: 1px; background: #B0E57C;"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Quiney" title="Thomas Quiney">Thomas<br />Quiney</a><br /><small>(1589–1662)</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7"><a href="/wiki/Hamnet_Shakespeare" title="Hamnet Shakespeare">Hamnet<br />Shakespeare</a><br /><small>(1585–1596)</small></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;border-width: 1px; background: #B0E57C;"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nash_(relative_of_Shakespeare)" title="Thomas Nash (relative of Shakespeare)">Thomas<br />Nash</a> (1)<br /><small>(1593–1647)</small></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Barnard" title="Elizabeth Barnard">Elisabeth<br />Barnard</a><br /><small>(1608–1670)</small></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;border-width: 1px; background: #B0E57C;"><a href="/wiki/John_Bernard_(died_1674)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Bernard (died 1674)">John<br />Barnard</a> (2)<br /><small>(1604–1674)</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7">Shakespeare<br />Quiney<br /><small>(1616–1617)</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7">Richard<br />Quiney<br /><small>(1618–1639)</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background: #B4D8E7">Thomas<br />Quiney<br /><small>(1620–1639)</small></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align: left;"><div><b>Sources</b> <div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Kerchever_Chambers" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmund Kerchever Chambers">Chambers, E. K.</a> (1930). <i>William Shakespeare: A Study of Facts and Problems</i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a>. pp. Vol. I 11–12, 18, Vol. II 8–9. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/353406">353406</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Shakespeare%3A+A+Study+of+Facts+and+Problems&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=Vol.+I+11-12%2C+18%2C+Vol.+II+8-9&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1930&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F353406&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=E.+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Schoenbaum" title="Samuel Schoenbaum">Schoenbaum, S.</a> (1977). <i>William Shakespeare: A Compact Documentary Life</i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a>. p. 292. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0195051610" title="Special:BookSources/0195051610"><bdi>0195051610</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Shakespeare%3A+A+Compact+Documentary+Life&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=292&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0195051610&rft.aulast=Schoenbaum&rft.aufirst=S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Shakespeare" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Portraits,_sculptures_and_memorials_to_William_Shakespeare" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Portraits_and_sculptures_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Template:Portraits and sculptures of William Shakespeare"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Portraits_and_sculptures_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Template talk:Portraits and sculptures of William Shakespeare"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Portraits_and_sculptures_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Portraits and sculptures of William Shakespeare"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Portraits,_sculptures_and_memorials_to_William_Shakespeare" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Portraits, sculptures and memorials to <a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portraits_of_Shakespeare" title="Portraits of Shakespeare">Portraits</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandos_portrait" title="Chandos portrait">Chandos portrait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droeshout_portrait" title="Droeshout portrait">Droeshout portrait</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Disputed" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">Disputed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashbourne_portrait" title="Ashbourne portrait">Ashbourne portrait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobbe_portrait" title="Cobbe portrait">Cobbe portrait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flower_portrait" title="Flower portrait">Flower portrait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanders_portrait" title="Sanders portrait">Sanders portrait</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shakespeare%27s_Monument_painted_by_John_Hall_1748.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Shakespeare%27s_Monument_painted_by_John_Hall_1748.jpg/80px-Shakespeare%27s_Monument_painted_by_John_Hall_1748.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Shakespeare%27s_Monument_painted_by_John_Hall_1748.jpg/120px-Shakespeare%27s_Monument_painted_by_John_Hall_1748.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Shakespeare%27s_Monument_painted_by_John_Hall_1748.jpg/160px-Shakespeare%27s_Monument_painted_by_John_Hall_1748.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1159" data-file-height="1719" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sculptures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_funerary_monument" title="Shakespeare's funerary monument">Shakespeare's funerary monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Heminges_and_Henry_Condell_Memorial" title="John Heminges and Henry Condell Memorial">Heminges and Condell Memorial</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Statues" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">Statues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_William_Shakespeare_(New_York_City)" title="Statue of William Shakespeare (New York City)">Central Park, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_William_Shakespeare,_Leicester_Square" title="Statue of William Shakespeare, Leicester Square">Leicester Square, London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_William_Shakespeare_(Roubiliac)" title="Statue of William Shakespeare (Roubiliac)">British Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Memorials_to_William_Shakespeare" title="Memorials to William Shakespeare">Memorials</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boydell_Shakespeare_Gallery" title="Boydell Shakespeare Gallery">Boydell Shakespeare Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrick%27s_Temple_to_Shakespeare" title="Garrick's Temple to Shakespeare">Garrick's Temple to Shakespeare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_&quot;Beaumont_and_Fletcher&quot;_Canon" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Beaumont_and_Fletcher_canon" title="Template:Beaumont and Fletcher canon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Beaumont_and_Fletcher_canon" title="Template talk:Beaumont and Fletcher canon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Beaumont_and_Fletcher_canon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Beaumont and Fletcher canon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_&quot;Beaumont_and_Fletcher&quot;_Canon" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The "<a href="/wiki/Beaumont_and_Fletcher" title="Beaumont and Fletcher">Beaumont and Fletcher</a>" Canon</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Francis_Beaumont" title="Francis Beaumont">Francis Beaumont</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/John_Fletcher_(playwright)" title="John Fletcher (playwright)">John Fletcher</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Philip_Massinger" title="Philip Massinger">Philip Massinger</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Field" title="Nathan Field">Nathan Field</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Shakespeare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Shirley" title="James Shirley">James Shirley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Middleton" title="Thomas Middleton">Thomas Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rowley" title="William Rowley">William Rowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford_(dramatist)" title="John Ford (dramatist)">John Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Chapman" title="George Chapman">George Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Webster" title="John Webster">John Webster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays<br />(some<br />attributions<br />conjectural)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beaumont</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Knight_of_the_Burning_Pestle" title="The Knight of the Burning Pestle">The Knight of the Burning Pestle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Masque_of_the_Inner_Temple_and_Gray%27s_Inn" title="The Masque of the Inner Temple and Gray's Inn">The Masque of the Inner Temple and Gray's Inn</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beaumont<br />and Fletcher</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Woman_Hater" title="The Woman Hater">The Woman Hater</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cupid%27s_Revenge" title="Cupid's Revenge">Cupid's Revenge</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Coxcomb_(play)" title="The Coxcomb (play)">The Coxcomb</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philaster_(play)" title="Philaster (play)">Philaster</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Captain_(play)" title="The Captain (play)">The Captain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Maid%27s_Tragedy" title="The Maid's Tragedy">The Maid's Tragedy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_King_and_No_King" title="A King and No King">A King and No King</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Pilgrimage_(play)" title="Love's Pilgrimage (play)">Love's Pilgrimage</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Scornful_Lady" title="The Scornful Lady">The Scornful Lady</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Noble_Gentleman" title="The Noble Gentleman">The Noble Gentleman</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fletcher</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Faithful_Shepherdess" title="The Faithful Shepherdess">The Faithful Shepherdess</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Woman%27s_Prize" title="The Woman's Prize">The Woman's Prize</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Valentinian_(play)" title="Valentinian (play)">Valentinian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bonduca" title="Bonduca">Bonduca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monsieur_Thomas" title="Monsieur Thomas">Monsieur Thomas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mad_Lover" title="The Mad Lover">The Mad Lover</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chances" title="The Chances">The Chances</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Loyal_Subject" title="The Loyal Subject">The Loyal Subject</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Women_Pleased" title="Women Pleased">Women Pleased</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Humorous_Lieutenant" title="The Humorous Lieutenant">The Humorous Lieutenant</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Island_Princess" title="The Island Princess">The Island Princess</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pilgrim_(play)" title="The Pilgrim (play)">The Pilgrim</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wild_Goose_Chase" title="The Wild Goose Chase">The Wild Goose Chase</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Wife_for_a_Month" title="A Wife for a Month">A Wife for a Month</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rule_a_Wife_and_Have_a_Wife" title="Rule a Wife and Have a Wife">Rule a Wife and Have a Wife</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fletcher and<br />Massinger</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<i><a href="/wiki/John_van_Olden_Barnavelt" title="John van Olden Barnavelt">Barnavelt</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Little_French_Lawyer" title="The Little French Lawyer">The Little French Lawyer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_False_One" title="The False One">The False One</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Double_Marriage" title="The Double Marriage">The Double Marriage</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Custom_of_the_Country_(1647_play)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Custom of the Country (1647 play)">The Custom of the Country</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lovers%27_Progress" title="The Lovers' Progress">The Lovers' Progress</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Spanish_Curate" title="The Spanish Curate">The Spanish Curate</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Prophetess_(play)" title="The Prophetess (play)">The Prophetess</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sea_Voyage" title="The Sea Voyage">The Sea Voyage</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Elder_Brother" title="The Elder Brother">The Elder Brother</a></i></li> <li>†<i><a href="/wiki/A_Very_Woman" title="A Very Woman">A Very Woman</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fletcher<br />and others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>with Beaumont & Massinger</dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Thierry_and_Theodoret" title="Thierry and Theodoret">Thierry and Theodoret</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Beggars%27_Bush" title="Beggars' Bush">Beggars' Bush</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Cure" title="Love's Cure">Love's Cure</a></i></dd> <dt>with Massinger & Field</dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/The_Honest_Man%27s_Fortune" title="The Honest Man's Fortune">The Honest Man's Fortune</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/The_Queen_of_Corinth" title="The Queen of Corinth">The Queen of Corinth</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/The_Knight_of_Malta" title="The Knight of Malta">The Knight of Malta</a></i></dd> <dt>with Field</dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Four_Plays,_or_Moral_Representations,_in_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Four Plays, or Moral Representations, in One">Four Plays, or Moral Representations, in One</a></i></dd> <dt>with Shakespeare</dt> <dd>†<i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_(play)" title="Henry VIII (play)">Henry VIII</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" title="The Two Noble Kinsmen">The Two Noble Kinsmen</a></i></dd> <dt>with Shirley</dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/The_Night_Walker" title="The Night Walker">The Night Walker</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Wit_Without_Money" title="Wit Without Money">Wit Without Money</a></i></dd> <dt>with Rowley</dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/The_Maid_in_the_Mill" title="The Maid in the Mill">The Maid in the Mill</a></i></dd> <dt>with Massinger, Chapman & Jonson</dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Rollo,_Duke_of_Normandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Rollo, Duke of Normandy">Rollo, Duke of Normandy</a></i></dd> <dt>with Massinger, Ford & Webster</dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fair_Maid_of_the_Inn" title="The Fair Maid of the Inn">The Fair Maid of the Inn</a></i></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Nice_Valour" title="The Nice Valour">The Nice Valour</a></i> (Middleton)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wit_at_Several_Weapons" title="Wit at Several Weapons">Wit at Several Weapons</a></i> (Middleton & Rowley)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Laws_of_Candy" title="The Laws of Candy">The Laws of Candy</a></i> (Ford)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Coronation_(play)" title="The Coronation (play)">The Coronation</a></i> (Shirley)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Performance<br />and publication</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_Renaissance_theatre" title="English Renaissance theatre">English Renaissance theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Men_(playing_company)" title="King's Men (playing company)">King's Men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont_and_Fletcher_folios" title="Beaumont and Fletcher folios">Beaumont and Fletcher folios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Moseley" title="Humphrey Moseley">Humphrey Moseley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Robinson" title="Humphrey Robinson">Humphrey Robinson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<i><a href="/wiki/The_History_of_Cardenio" title="The History of Cardenio">The History of Cardenio</a></i> (Shakespeare & Fletcher?)</li> <li>†<i><a href="/wiki/Double_Falsehood" title="Double Falsehood">Double Falsehood</a></i> (possibly based on <i>Cardenio</i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>† = Not published in the Beaumont and Fletcher folios</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/21px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/32px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/42px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:England" title="Portal:England">England</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/21px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/32px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/42px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg/21px-Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg/32px-Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg/42px-Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="309" data-file-height="274" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Literature" title="Portal:Literature">Literature</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_culture.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/P_culture.svg/21px-P_culture.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/P_culture.svg/32px-P_culture.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/P_culture.svg/42px-P_culture.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Theatre" title="Portal:Theatre">Theatre</a></li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header"><b>William Shakespeare</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects" style="white-space:nowrap;">sister projects</span></a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/19px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/29px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/38px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Shakespeare" class="extiw" title="wikt:Shakespeare">Definitions</a></b> from Wiktionary</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" class="extiw" title="c:William Shakespeare">Media</a></b> from Commons</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/16px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/24px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare" class="extiw" title="q:William Shakespeare">Quotations</a></b> from Wikiquote</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/28px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/36px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:William_Shakespeare_(1564%E2%80%931616)" class="extiw" title="s:Author:William Shakespeare (1564–1616)">Texts</a></b> from Wikisource</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/19px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/29px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/38px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare%27s_Works" class="extiw" title="b:William Shakespeare's Works">Textbooks</a></b> from Wikibooks</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/21px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/42px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q692" class="extiw" title="d:Q692">Data</a></b> from Wikidata</span></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q692#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q692#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q692#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121032683">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/96994048">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/29048/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJxx96qPfyhwWrJChP9kXd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118613723">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78095332">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119246079">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119246079">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00456207">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Shakespeare, William <1564-1616>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV000356">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35491939">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19981002129&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.rsl.ru/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&adjacent=Y&local_base=RSL11&request=000080803&CON_LNG=ENG">Russia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1020842">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.bibnat.ro:8991/F/?func=direct&local_base=NLR10&doc_number=000202359">Romania</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/20282">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068478445">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90052737">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleweb.ncl.edu.tw/F/?func=accref&acc_sequence=000000961&CON_LNG=ENG">Taiwan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000008355&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000000362&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000035299">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=60570">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000024035">Argentina</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC200000024">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/vs689q5d2cm6xlc">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810578162205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/76251">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007267964505171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000058866">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058520241806706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00034374?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6710-8441">ORCID</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=56559811500">Scopus</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500272240">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/a4ba11db-ae2b-4ec3-9084-2136db11acfa">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/2258afd7-df8a-442c-83f6-99899894471f">KulturNav</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/names/102258">Discography of American Historical Recordings</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/artist/wd/b95ea47d-0e9e-482f-a17b-f948c046ccee">Prado</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/972490">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118613723.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118613723">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027136086">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/5995869">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6qk86d3">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/34831">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/381951">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Shakespeare&oldid=1258347421">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Shakespeare&oldid=1258347421</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:William_Shakespeare" title="Category:William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1564_births" title="Category:1564 births">1564 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1616_deaths" title="Category:1616 deaths">1616 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_English_male_actors" title="Category:16th-century English male actors">16th-century English male actors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_male_stage_actors" title="Category:English male stage actors">English male stage actors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_English_dramatists_and_playwrights" title="Category:16th-century English dramatists and playwrights">16th-century English dramatists and playwrights</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:17th-century_English_dramatists_and_playwrights" title="Category:17th-century English dramatists and playwrights">17th-century English dramatists and playwrights</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:16th-century_English_poets" title="Category:16th-century English poets">16th-century English poets</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Burials_in_Warwickshire" title="Category:Burials in Warwickshire">Burials in Warwickshire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:17th-century_English_poets" title="Category:17th-century English poets">17th-century English poets</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:17th-century_English_male_writers" title="Category:17th-century English male writers">17th-century English male writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_Renaissance_dramatists" title="Category:English Renaissance dramatists">English Renaissance dramatists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_King_Edward_VI_School,_Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Category:People educated at King Edward VI School, Stratford-upon-Avon">People educated at King Edward VI School, Stratford-upon-Avon</a></li><li><a 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