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class="dcr-6v110l">Search input </div></label><input type="text" id="gu-search" aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" aria-describedby required name="q" placeholder="Search the Guardian" data-link-name="header : search" tabIndex="-1" class="selectableMenuItem dcr-qcy5wo"/><label for="gu-search" class="dcr-0"><div class="dcr-6v110l">google-search </div><div class="dcr-radnun"><svg width="30" viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M9.273 2c4.023 0 7.25 3.295 7.25 7.273a7.226 7.226 0 0 1-7.25 7.25C5.25 16.523 2 13.296 2 9.273 2 5.295 5.25 2 9.273 2m0 1.84A5.403 5.403 0 0 0 3.84 9.274c0 3 2.409 5.454 5.432 5.454 3 0 5.454-2.454 5.454-5.454 0-3.023-2.454-5.432-5.454-5.432m7.295 10.887L22 20.16 20.16 22l-5.433-5.432v-.932l.91-.909z"></path></svg><span class="dcr-1p0hins">Search</span></div></label><button type="submit" aria-live="polite" aria-label="Search with Google" data-link-name="header : search : 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class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class="dcr-hlfdy3"><figure id="b6921416-d25c-4b11-9f32-fab574f12a95" class="dcr-142siv7"><div id class="dcr-1t8m8f2"><picture class="dcr-evn1e9"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239357609/The-Fantastic-Four-009.jpg?width=620&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239357609/The-Fantastic-Four-009.jpg?width=620&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 980px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239357609/The-Fantastic-Four-009.jpg?width=700&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239357609/The-Fantastic-Four-009.jpg?width=700&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239357609/The-Fantastic-Four-009.jpg?width=620&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 660px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 660px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239357609/The-Fantastic-Four-009.jpg?width=620&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 660px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239357609/The-Fantastic-Four-009.jpg?width=645&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 480px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 480px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239357609/The-Fantastic-Four-009.jpg?width=645&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 480px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239357609/The-Fantastic-Four-009.jpg?width=465&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239357609/The-Fantastic-Four-009.jpg?width=465&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="The Fantastic Four" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239357609/The-Fantastic-Four-009.jpg?width=465&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" width="465" height="279" loading="eager" class="dcr-evn1e9"/></picture><span class="dcr-v822l1"><div class="dcr-gup2gr"><div class="dcr-zy1nbx"><label for="the-checkbox" class="dcr-1xgwz8b"><svg width="6" height="14" fill="white" viewBox="0 0 6 14"><path d="M4.6 12l-.4 1.4c-.7.2-1.9.6-3 .6-.7 0-1.2-.2-1.2-.9 0-.2 0-.3.1-.5l2-6.7H.7l.4-1.5 4.2-.6h.2L3 12h1.6zm-.3-9.2c-.9 0-1.4-.5-1.4-1.3C2.9.5 3.7 0 4.6 0 5.4 0 6 .5 6 1.3c0 1-.8 1.5-1.7 1.5z"></path></svg></label><input type="checkbox" id="the-checkbox"/> <div id="the-caption"><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1ie0kc7"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Thing, from The Fantastic Four – an example of Hollywood's current idea of a modern-day CGI hero.</span></figcaption></div></div></div></span></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1fujct4"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Thing, from The Fantastic Four – an example of Hollywood's current idea of a modern-day CGI hero.</span></figcaption></span></figure></div></div></div><aside style="--grid-area:title;" data-gu-name="title" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-10355cg"><div class="dcr-0"><span class="dcr-1v9xu6e"></span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/film-industry" data-component="section" data-link-name="article section" class="content__label__link dcr-qmfkju"><span>Film industry</span></a></div></div></aside><div style="--grid-area:border;" data-gu-name="border" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-upmzd8"></div></div><div style="--grid-area:headline;" data-gu-name="headline" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class="dcr-tp3hb3"><div class="dcr-notra3"><div aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-13832xi"><svg width="11" height="11" viewBox="0 0 11 11" fill="currentColor"><path d="M5.4 0C2.4 0 0 2.4 0 5.4s2.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4-2.4 5.4-5.4S8.4 0 5.4 0zm3 6.8H4.7V1.7h.7L6 5.4l2.4.6v.8z"></path></svg> This article is more than <strong>11 years old</strong></div></div><div class="dcr-13fq93x"><div class="dcr-47lvke"><a href="/tone/interview" class="dcr-epjkf7">Interview</a></div></div><h1 class="dcr-wfjs2f"><span class="dcr-191bsoy">Hollywood and the 'New Abnormal' – why the industry is scared of risk</span></h1><div class="dcr-1nvgr5i">This article is more than 11 years old</div><div class="dcr-16on7cv"><div class="dcr-1rjfcod"><a rel="author" data-link-name="auto tag link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/profile/philhoad">Phil Hoad</a></div></div></div></div></div><div style="--grid-area:standfirst;" data-gu-name="standfirst" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class=" dcr-rbu3iv">Producer Lynda Obst was at the heart of the film industry during its star-driven 1990s boom – which is what makes her critique of its CGI blockbuster-obsessed current incarnation so damning</div></div><aside style="--grid-area:meta;" data-gu-name="meta" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class="dcr-ich95x"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100%" height="13" viewBox="0 0 1300 13" preserveAspectRatio="none" stroke="var(--article-border)" stroke-width="1" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="dcr-194w08h"><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="0.5" y2="0.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="4.5" y2="4.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="8.5" y2="8.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="12.5" y2="12.5"></line></svg></div></div><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class=" dcr-1v9sla6"><div class="dcr-5oiine"><div class="dcr-1kpcv08"><div><address aria-label="Contributor info" data-component="meta-byline" data-link-name="byline"></address><div style="--mobile-color:inherit;" class="dcr-1pexjb9">Thu 31 Oct 2013 17.56 GMT</div></div></div><div data-print-layout="hide" class="dcr-9dgpdq"><div class=" dcr-16lnb0w"><gu-island name="ShareButton" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"pageId":"film/2013/oct/31/hollywood-new-abnormal-lynda-obst-scared-risk","webTitle":"Hollywood and the 'New Abnormal' – why the industry is scared of risk","format":{"design":15,"display":0,"theme":3},"context":"ArticleMeta"}"><a href="mailto:?subject=Hollywood and the 'New Abnormal' – why the industry is scared of risk&body=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2013/oct/31/hollywood-new-abnormal-lynda-obst-scared-risk?CMP=share_btn_url" type="button" class="dcr-bao4ku">Share<div class="src-button-space"></div><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19 16c1.675 0 3 1.35 3 3 0 1.675-1.325 3-3 3a2.97 2.97 0 0 1-2.975-3c0-.125 0-.275.025-.375L7.1 14.15a2.9 2.9 0 0 1-2.075.825C3.325 14.975 2 13.65 2 12a3.004 3.004 0 0 1 3.025-3.025c.775 0 1.5.35 2.075.875l8.95-4.475c-.025-.1-.025-.225-.025-.4A2.966 2.966 0 0 1 19 2c1.675 0 3 1.325 3 2.975C22 6.65 20.675 8 19 8c-.8 0-1.475-.325-2.05-.825l-8.975 4.45C8 11.7 8 11.825 8 12s0 .3-.025.375l8.975 4.45c.575-.5 1.25-.825 2.05-.825m0-12.8c-.975 0-1.8.775-1.8 1.775S18.025 6.8 19 6.8c1 0 1.825-.825 1.825-1.825S20 3.2 19 3.2m0 17.6c1 0 1.825-.825 1.825-1.8 0-1-.825-1.8-1.825-1.8-.975 0-1.8.8-1.8 1.8 0 .975.825 1.8 1.8 1.8"></path></svg></a></gu-island></div><div class=" dcr-1csot3r"><div class="dcr-14baf59"><div><gu-island name="CommentCount" priority="feature" deferUntil="idle" props="{"discussionApiUrl":"https://discussion.theguardian.com/discussion-api","shortUrlId":"/p/3k2dz"}"></gu-island></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="dcr-fu29fd"><span class="dcr-1lhv23l"><gu-island name="ExpandableMarketingCardWrapper" priority="enhancement" deferUntil="visible" props="{"guardianBaseURL":"https://www.theguardian.com"}"></gu-island></span></div></aside><div style="--grid-area:body;" data-gu-name="body" class="dcr-1upb05m"><span class="dcr-1iz7gbk"><gu-island name="ExpandableMarketingCardWrapper" priority="enhancement" deferUntil="idle" props="{"guardianBaseURL":"https://www.theguardian.com"}"></gu-island></span><div class="dcr-1a4fred"><div id="maincontent" class="dcr-1bwys2b"><div class="article-body-commercial-selector article-body-viewer-selector dcr-1q6n3e0"><p class="dcr-106f06m"><span style="color:var(--drop-cap);font-weight:700;" class="dcr-15rw6c2">"S</span>peaking at a digital conference today," Hollywood stalwart Lynda Obst <a href="https://twitter.com/LyndaObst" data-link-name="in body link">tweeted on 22 October</a>. "Everybody hooked up and wired but not like we meant in the 80s." Part of the generation of producers who cemented the reign of conglomerate Hollywood with star-driven, multiplex-friendly fluff such as Flashdance, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/movie/68855/contact" data-link-name="in body link">Contact</a> and One Fine Day, <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0643553/" data-link-name="in body link">Obst found herself shut out</a> in the new millennium. The franchise-crazed studios had stopped commissioning original material; her producing deal at Paramount was nixed in 2008, with only two movies to show for it. Everywhere she looked, cinemas were full of superheroes, talking mammoths and sequels; she was exhausted, depressed and perplexed at the sea change. In the words of her son: "Making a movie because it's good is so 2003, Mom."</p><p class="dcr-106f06m">Five years later, she is "in an excellent mood", speaking on the phone from Austin, Texas, where she is promoting her new book, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/jul/06/sleepless-hollywood-movie-business-review" data-link-name="in body link">Sleepless in Hollywood</a>, the title a nod to her biggest hit, the <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4J7gg1V0oak" data-link-name="in body link">1993 Tom Hanks/Meg Ryan tearjerker</a>. The book is her attempt to understand the "systemic changes" that swept like Santa Ana brush-fire through the industry in the noughties, leaving even those in charge struggling to comprehend the new landscape's starkness. If it wasn't startling enough when, in 2011, Universal president Ron Meyer commented on the amount of<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2011/nov/04/universal-studios-ron-meyer" data-link-name="in body link"> "shitty movies"</a> on his own slate, founding fathers Steven Spielberg and George Lucas <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2013/jun/13/steven-spielberg-george-lucas-film-industry" data-link-name="in body link">stepped up in the same week</a> as Obst's book was published to denounce Hollywood's blockbuster dependency. "I like to pretend Steven did that for me," says Obst, chuckling. "All these things seem to be good timing. There's a reckoning going on."</p><div id="sign-in-gate"><gu-island name="SignInGateSelector" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"contentType":"Article","sectionId":"film","tags":[{"id":"film/film-industry","type":"Keyword","title":"Film industry"},{"id":"film/film","type":"Keyword","title":"Film"},{"id":"culture/culture","type":"Keyword","title":"Culture"},{"id":"books/books","type":"Keyword","title":"Books"},{"id":"tone/features","type":"Tone","title":"Features"},{"id":"tone/interview","type":"Tone","title":"Interviews"},{"id":"type/article","type":"Type","title":"Article"},{"id":"profile/philhoad","type":"Contributor","title":"Phil Hoad","twitterHandle":"phlode"},{"id":"publication/theguardian","type":"Publication","title":"The Guardian"},{"id":"theguardian/g2","type":"NewspaperBook","title":"G2"},{"id":"theguardian/g2/film-and-music","type":"NewspaperBookSection","title":"Film and music"}],"isPaidContent":false,"isPreview":false,"host":"https://www.theguardian.com","pageId":"film/2013/oct/31/hollywood-new-abnormal-lynda-obst-scared-risk","idUrl":"https://profile.theguardian.com","switches":{"externalVideoEmbeds":true,"abSignInGateMainVariant":true,"lightbox":true,"abGpidPrebidAdUnits":true,"prebidAppnexusUkRow":true,"prebidMagnite":true,"commercialMetrics":true,"prebidTrustx":true,"scAdFreeBanner":false,"adaptiveSite":true,"prebidPermutiveAudience":true,"compareVariantDecision":false,"enableSentryReporting":true,"lazyLoadContainers":true,"ampArticleSwitch":true,"remarketing":true,"articleEndSlot":true,"keyEventsCarousel":true,"registerWithPhone":false,"darkModeWeb":true,"targeting":true,"remoteHeader":true,"slotBodyEnd":true,"prebidImproveDigitalSkins":false,"ampPrebidOzone":true,"extendedMostPopularFronts":true,"emailInlineInFooter":true,"showNewPrivacyWordingOnEmailSignupEmbeds":true,"prebidAnalytics":true,"extendedMostPopular":true,"ampContentAbTesting":false,"prebidCriteo":true,"okta":true,"imrWorldwide":true,"acast":true,"twitterUwt":true,"prebidAppnexusInvcode":true,"ampPrebidPubmatic":true,"abUsaExpandableMarketingCard":true,"a9HeaderBidding":true,"prebidAppnexus":true,"abOnwardsContentArticle":false,"enableDiscussionSwitch":true,"prebidXaxis":true,"stickyVideos":true,"interactiveFullHeaderSwitch":true,"discussionAllPageSize":true,"prebidUserSync":true,"audioOnwardJourneySwitch":true,"brazeTaylorReport":false,"callouts":true,"sentinelLogger":true,"geoMostPopular":true,"weAreHiring":false,"relatedContent":true,"thirdPartyEmbedTracking":true,"prebidOzone":true,"ampLiveblogSwitch":true,"ampAmazon":true,"prebidAdYouLike":true,"mostViewedFronts":true,"optOutAdvertising":true,"abSignInGateMainControl":true,"googleSearch":true,"disableFrontContainerShowHide":true,"abOptOutFrequencyCap":true,"brazeSwitch":true,"prebidKargo":true,"consentManagement":true,"personaliseSignInGateAfterCheckout":true,"prebidSonobi":true,"idProfileNavigation":true,"confiantAdVerification":true,"discussionAllowAnonymousRecommendsSwitch":false,"absoluteServerTimes":false,"permutive":true,"comscore":true,"ampPrebidCriteo":true,"newsletterOnwards":false,"youtubeIma":true,"webFonts":true,"liveBlogTopSponsorship":true,"prebidImproveDigital":false,"abAdBlockAsk":false,"ophan":true,"crosswordSvgThumbnails":true,"prebidTriplelift":true,"weather":true,"prebidPubmatic":true,"serverShareCounts":false,"autoRefresh":true,"enhanceTweets":true,"prebidIndexExchange":true,"prebidOpenx":true,"prebidHeaderBidding":true,"idCookieRefresh":true,"discussionPageSize":true,"smartAppBanner":false,"historyTags":true,"brazeContentCards":true,"remoteBanner":true,"emailSignupRecaptcha":true,"prebidSmart":true,"shouldLoadGoogletag":true,"inizio":true,"europeBetaFront":true}}"></gu-island></div><p class="dcr-106f06m">There are others joining in, too, such as erstwhile Green Goblin Willem Dafoe <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2013/jun/13/steven-spielberg-george-lucas-film-industry" data-link-name="in body link">slagging off</a> the new Spider-Man reboot. The reckoning – led by baby boomers attacking the recent homogenisation drive in mainstream films – has exposed a generation gap in Hollywood. Obst, 63, has effectively produced an internal inquest on behalf of the industry, ditching the famously blithe <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Goldman" data-link-name="in body link">William Goldman</a> motto – "Nobody knows anything" – that normally presides over showbiz survivors' memoirs in favour of dogged research into her times.</p><p class="dcr-106f06m">"When I'm depressed or confused, I have to figure it out," says Obst, a former New York Times reporter. "And people were grateful to have it put in context, because it helps them reimagine how they can sell their projects. For people who spent 30 years breaking into the business and suddenly the deals are all gone and everyone's telling them, 'Your deal is up' and 'Go make a movie for no fee', it was distressing."</p><figure id="76fda2a7-501a-447b-85d2-cd802a73d97e" data-spacefinder-role="inline" data-spacefinder-type="model.dotcomrendering.pageElements.ImageBlockElement" class=" dcr-173mewl"><div id class="dcr-1t8m8f2"><picture class="dcr-evn1e9"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239552387/Lynda-Obst-009.jpg?width=620&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 660px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 660px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239552387/Lynda-Obst-009.jpg?width=620&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 660px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239552387/Lynda-Obst-009.jpg?width=605&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 480px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 480px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239552387/Lynda-Obst-009.jpg?width=605&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 480px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239552387/Lynda-Obst-009.jpg?width=445&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239552387/Lynda-Obst-009.jpg?width=445&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Lynda Obst" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383239552387/Lynda-Obst-009.jpg?width=445&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" width="445" height="267" loading="lazy" class="dcr-evn1e9"/></picture></div><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1fujct4"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Lynda Obst: 'We've got this formula: set-piece, set-piece, blow up a city, dystopian universe, robots that do the same things …' Photograph: Imeh Akpanudosen/Getty Images</span></figcaption></figure><p class="dcr-106f06m">She has been there, caught in the throes of what she terms the New Abnormal, the Old Abnormal being the manic merry-go-round of spec-script sales that kept Hollywood's high-concept movie-making pumping in the 80s and 90s. As Obst tells it, the shrinking of DVD revenue in the mid-noughties halved the studios' profit margins and reduced their appetite for risk. Spec sales dried up, and so did the long lunches where such new ventures were talked into being. What was already happening – the organisation of the summer-release calendar around the mega-franchises such as Harry Potter and Lord of the Rings – accelerated to better exploit the only remaining source of profits on the rise: the international box office that almost tripled between 2000 and 2010.</p><p class="dcr-106f06m">It has been an era of strange paradoxes, the kind of era in which studio heads – once upon a time, unfailingly pugnacious types like Jack Warner – come over all apologetic. Obst points out another head-scratcher: "The same digital technology that gave us downloading and destroyed the profits of the industry also started pouring in money from international, because what these markets were craving was huge special effects." The explosion of the CGI blockbuster has gone hand-in-hand with the building of Dolby- and now 3D- and Imax-equipped screens needed to show them in countries where the multiplex feared to tread before the 1990s. Sleepless in Hollywood cites <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/movie/35417/titanic" data-link-name="in body link">Titanic</a> as the start of this revolution: Fox built a state-of-the-art auditorium in Kaliningrad so James Cameron could make good on his promise to screen the film to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akademik_Mstislav_Keldysh" data-link-name="in body link">local sailors who had helped on research trip</a>s to the wreck.</p><p class="dcr-106f06m">The CGI blockbuster arrives so often in franchise form because franchises come with what Obst calls "pre-awareness", saving on marketing costs that become prohibitive when studios have to establish fresh material in the minds of culturally diverse <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/nov/14/dark-knight-marvel-blockbuster-franchise" data-link-name="in body link">worldwide audiences</a>. And whether in the form of Ice Age or Harry Potter or Iron Man or Oblivion, the American CGI spectacular was almost a brand in its own right; it was overseas markets that were most hungry for it, consistently displaying more patience with the inevitable sequels than the domestic US crowd. This equation was what gave rise to the proliferation of $200m+ budgets, the new gigantist model adopted – another paradox! – by Hollywood during a period of financial contraction. This is why mid-budget movies like Obst's dwindled to be replaced by an ecology of "tent-poles and tadpoles".</p><p class="dcr-106f06m">Obst admits that the big movies are not made for woman of her age, saying she only has time for the Fast and the Furious franchise because it brings out her "inner bad-girl teenager". She also acknowledges that the 21st-century financial model is currently working. But, like a lot of film lovers, she questions whether, with the reliance on tested properties, Hollywood is scraping its own creative barrel bone-dry. "I think we're close," she says, pointing out the many flops rejected by US audiences over this summer (Lone Ranger, Pacific Rim, After Earth, RIPD). "We've got this formula: set-piece, set-piece, blow up a city, dystopian universe, robots that do the same things. It's not easy to make those things fresh. We're approaching a singularity. Foreign audiences will start to reject it, too, just as they're starting to be bored with 3D."</p><p class="dcr-106f06m">There is an intriguing tension in Obst's book between her critique of (and obvious allegiance to) the ideals of Hollywood, and its global-storytelling mission. She tries desperately hard to rationalise the new order, to persuade herself that something good can still come out of it. Chapters with irritatingly perky titles such as "What's next, Papa Hegel?" cast for glimmers of a fresh synthesis emerging from the darkness of noughties New Abnormality. The studios' flight from original material allowed the independents to clean up by the time of the 2011 Oscars with films such as Black Swan, The King's Speech and The Fighter. Now, reckons Obst, the pendulum is swinging back, and the majors are returning to traditional character-based drama – mostly for release between the end of summer and Thanksgiving – in order to reclaim awards territory. Zero Dark Thirty, Argo and Life of Pi were last year's frontrunners; this year, it's Alfonso Cuarón's Gravity and its take of $300m-and-counting that is "a very good sign" in her eyes.</p><figure id="8290e3cb-0879-424e-be58-a55eb1b1f612" data-spacefinder-role="inline" data-spacefinder-type="model.dotcomrendering.pageElements.ImageBlockElement" class=" dcr-173mewl"><div id class="dcr-1t8m8f2"><picture class="dcr-evn1e9"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383240160068/Sleepless-in-Seattle-009.jpg?width=620&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 660px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 660px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383240160068/Sleepless-in-Seattle-009.jpg?width=620&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 660px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383240160068/Sleepless-in-Seattle-009.jpg?width=605&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 480px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 480px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383240160068/Sleepless-in-Seattle-009.jpg?width=605&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 480px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383240160068/Sleepless-in-Seattle-009.jpg?width=445&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383240160068/Sleepless-in-Seattle-009.jpg?width=445&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Sleepless in Seattle" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/10/31/1383240160068/Sleepless-in-Seattle-009.jpg?width=445&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" width="445" height="267" loading="lazy" class="dcr-evn1e9"/></picture></div><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1fujct4"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Sleepless in Seattle: the way things were in 1993, with Obst's biggest success. Photograph: Sportsphoto Ltd/Allstar</span></figcaption></figure><p class="dcr-106f06m">So what does it take to get a one-off original greenlit these days? "It has to be a great idea," she says. "It has to somehow be able to play internationally, you have to have a great director, a great script and a great cast. That's a lot of greats. Before, they allowed you a couple of 'goods'." She is sticking it out nevertheless – moving back from television, where she regrouped after losing her Paramount deal, to produce Interstellar, for Christopher Nolan and his wife Emma Thomas, another original that will be part of Paramount and Warner Brothers' November Oscars push next year.</p><p class="dcr-106f06m">Whether or not you can take succour from this tiny window for innovation probably depends on if you are, like Obst, a "psychotic optimist" – the trait necessary for any film producer to keep at it. It seems to have helped her pass beyond the nostalgia that fills much of Sleepless in Hollywood. She chats excitedly about the <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2013/apr/23/iron-man-3-chinese-puzzle" data-link-name="in body link">Chinese independent hits</a> such as So Young and Lost in Thailand that have reminded Hollywood that future competitors are growing up, and about the prospect of making a Bollywood film with Fox's local-language unit.</p><p class="dcr-106f06m">Such global-village talk echoes with the ideals of her generation, but she also speaks, almost tenderly, of a kind of solidarity needed in the old cinema-going heartlands in defence of the movies and good storytelling: "Really, America and Britain and Australia, we're one big film community. And we're doing this collaboratively, so we have to gang together, and vote with our feet … It's about wanting a little more. A little more drama, a little more reality, and a little more emotion."</p></div></div><gu-island name="SlotBodyEnd" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"contentType":"Article","contributionsServiceUrl":"https://contributions.guardianapis.com","idApiUrl":"https://idapi.theguardian.com","isMinuteArticle":false,"isPaidContent":false,"pageId":"film/2013/oct/31/hollywood-new-abnormal-lynda-obst-scared-risk","sectionId":"film","shouldHideReaderRevenue":false,"stage":"PROD","tags":[{"id":"film/film-industry","type":"Keyword","title":"Film industry"},{"id":"film/film","type":"Keyword","title":"Film"},{"id":"culture/culture","type":"Keyword","title":"Culture"},{"id":"books/books","type":"Keyword","title":"Books"},{"id":"tone/features","type":"Tone","title":"Features"},{"id":"tone/interview","type":"Tone","title":"Interviews"},{"id":"type/article","type":"Type","title":"Article"},{"id":"profile/philhoad","type":"Contributor","title":"Phil 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