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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Saint</a></div><br /><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Anton II of Georgia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Patriarch_Antonius_II_of_Georgia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Patriarch_Antonius_II_of_Georgia.jpg/220px-Patriarch_Antonius_II_of_Georgia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Patriarch_Antonius_II_of_Georgia.jpg/330px-Patriarch_Antonius_II_of_Georgia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Patriarch_Antonius_II_of_Georgia.jpg/440px-Patriarch_Antonius_II_of_Georgia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1531" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Patriarch Anton II by <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Borovikovsky" title="Vladimir Borovikovsky">Vladimir Borovikovsky</a>, now on display at the <a href="/wiki/Tretyakov_Gallery" title="Tretyakov Gallery">Tretyakov Gallery</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold;"><a href="/wiki/Great_Martyr" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Martyr">Great Martyr</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">8 January 1762/1763</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">21 December 1827<br /><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venerated in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">Canonized</a></th><td class="infobox-data">11 July 2011 by <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Orthodox_Church" title="Georgian Orthodox Church">Georgian Orthodox Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Feast</a></th><td class="infobox-data">December 21</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">St. Anton II of Georgia</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_the_Georgian_Orthodox_Church" title="List of heads of the Georgian Orthodox Church">Catholicos Patriarch of Georgia</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tenure</th><td class="infobox-data">1788–1811</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anton_I_of_Georgia" title="Anton I of Georgia">Anton I of Georgia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data">Office abolished by the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Dynasty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bagrationi_dynasty" title="Bagrationi dynasty">Bagrationi dynasty</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Heraclius_II_of_Georgia" title="Heraclius II of Georgia">Heraclius II of Georgia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Darejan_Dadiani" title="Darejan Dadiani">Darejan Dadiani</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Orthodox_Church" title="Georgian Orthodox Church">Georgian Orthodox Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Khelrtva" title="Khelrtva">Khelrtva</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="notpageimage infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anton_II,_khelrtva_(vect).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="St. Anton II of Georgia's signature"><img alt="St. Anton II of Georgia's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Anton_II%2C_khelrtva_%28vect%29.svg/125px-Anton_II%2C_khelrtva_%28vect%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Anton_II%2C_khelrtva_%28vect%29.svg/188px-Anton_II%2C_khelrtva_%28vect%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Anton_II%2C_khelrtva_%28vect%29.svg/250px-Anton_II%2C_khelrtva_%28vect%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="668" data-file-height="446" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Anton II the Great Martyr</b> (<a href="/wiki/Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a>: <span title="Georgian-language text"><span lang="ka" style="font-style: normal;">ანტონ II</span></span>), born <b>Prince Royal Teimuraz</b> (<span title="Georgian-language text"><span lang="ka">თეიმურაზ ბატონიშვილი</span></span>), (8 January 1762 or 1763 – 21 December 1827) was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Bagrationi_dynasty" title="Bagrationi dynasty">Georgian royal family</a> and churchman. A son of <a href="/wiki/Heraclius_II_of_Georgia" title="Heraclius II of Georgia">Heraclius II</a>, the penultimate <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kartli_and_Kakheti" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Kartli and Kakheti">King of Kartli and Kakheti</a>, he was the <a href="/wiki/Catholicos_Patriarch_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicos Patriarch of Georgia">Catholicos Patriarch of Georgia</a> from 1788 to 1811. </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> annexed Georgia in 1801, Anton resisted the encroachments from the Imperial officials in the Georgian church affairs. Eventually, Anton was forced to leave Georgia for <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a> in 1810 and stripped of his office in 1811. He was, thus, the last Georgian catholicos patriarch in the 19th century; the title was abolished by the Russian Empire and the <a href="/wiki/Autocephaly" title="Autocephaly">autocephalous</a> <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Orthodox_Church" title="Georgian Orthodox Church">Georgian Orthodox Church</a> was reduced to an <a href="/wiki/Exarchate" title="Exarchate">exarchate</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a>. Anton spent his last years in retirement in <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a>, where he died in 1827. He was <a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">canonized</a> by the Georgian church in 2011. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_II_of_Georgia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anton II was born as Prince Royal (<i><a href="/wiki/Batonishvili" title="Batonishvili">batonishvili</a></i>) Teimuraz, so named after his paternal grandfather <a href="/wiki/Teimuraz_II_of_Kakheti" title="Teimuraz II of Kakheti">Teimuraz II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kartli_(1484%E2%80%931762)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Kartli (1484–1762)">King of Kartli</a>. He was born of Heraclius II's third marriage to <a href="/wiki/Darejan_Dadiani" title="Darejan Dadiani">Darejan Dadiani</a>. The young prince was educated at the royal court at <a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a> and then at the Tbilisi Theological Seminary under the guidance of <a href="/wiki/Anton_I_of_Georgia" title="Anton I of Georgia">Anton I</a>, his relative and predecessor as Catholicos Patriarch of Georgia. In 1782, he made his monastic profession and took the name Anton.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the conclusion of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Georgievsk" title="Treaty of Georgievsk">treaty of Georgievsk</a> between Heraclius II and the Russian empress <a href="/wiki/Catherine_II_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Catherine II of Russia">Catherine II</a> in 1783, Anton, now a <a href="/wiki/Hierodeacon" title="Hierodeacon">hierodeacon</a>, and his brother <a href="/wiki/Mirian,_son_of_Heraclius_II_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirian, son of Heraclius II of Georgia">Mirian</a> journeyed to <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a> and were attached to the imperial court.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev200060_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev200060-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mirian entered the Russian military service, while Anton, in the presence of the empress Catherine and her suite, was consecrated as a <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">metropolitan bishop</a> at a ceremony held at the church of <a href="/wiki/Tsarskoye_Selo" title="Tsarskoye Selo">Tsarskoye Selo</a> in 1787. On this occasion, Catherine presented him the richly adorned <a href="/wiki/Panagia" title="Panagia">panagia</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Engolpion" title="Engolpion">medallion</a> depicting the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Mary">Virgin Mary</a>, which would be appropriated by the Russian <a href="/wiki/Most_Holy_Synod" title="Most Holy Synod">Most Holy Synod</a> upon Anton II's death in 1827.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catholicos_Patriarch">Catholicos Patriarch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_II_of_Georgia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Catholicos Patriarch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anton's dioceses, first <a href="/wiki/Ninotsminda_Cathedral" title="Ninotsminda Cathedral">Ninotsminda</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Alaverdi_Monastery" title="Alaverdi Monastery">Alaverdi</a>, were both located in his native <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kakheti" title="Kingdom of Kakheti">Kakheti</a>, but Anton remained in Russia for a year. In 1788, his father, Heraclius II, indignant at Russia's refusal to maintain its troops in protection of Georgia as envisaged by the 1783 treaty, instructed Anton to come back to Georgia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev200063–64_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev200063–64-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, he succeeded, at the age of 25, as the Catholicos Patriarch of Georgia on the death of Anton I. Anton's enthusiasm for religious building and patronage of education combined with his provenance added to his prestige of a religious leader. In 1791, he helped bring about the temporary reconciliation in western Georgia between his sisterly nephew King <a href="/wiki/Solomon_II_of_Imereti" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon II of Imereti">Solomon II of Imereti</a> and his rival <a href="/wiki/David_II_of_Imereti" title="David II of Imereti">David II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the time when Anton became the catholicos, the <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Orthodox_Church" title="Georgian Orthodox Church">Georgian Orthodox Church</a> had been split into two separate patriarchates along the political divide, one for eastern Georgia and one for western Georgia. The leader of the latter, Maxim II, <a href="/wiki/Catholicosate_of_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicosate of Abkhazia">Catholicos-Patriarch of Imereti and Abkhazia</a>, retired to <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> in 1795. As no successor was elected to succeed him, Anton II was left as the sole primate for the Georgian church.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000107_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000107-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arrival_of_Russian_rule">Arrival of Russian rule</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_II_of_Georgia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Arrival of Russian rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Catholicos_Patriarch_Anton_II_of_Georgia.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Coat_of_arms_of_Catholicos_Patriarch_Anton_II_of_Georgia.PNG/220px-Coat_of_arms_of_Catholicos_Patriarch_Anton_II_of_Georgia.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Coat_of_arms_of_Catholicos_Patriarch_Anton_II_of_Georgia.PNG/330px-Coat_of_arms_of_Catholicos_Patriarch_Anton_II_of_Georgia.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Coat_of_arms_of_Catholicos_Patriarch_Anton_II_of_Georgia.PNG 2x" data-file-width="395" data-file-height="370" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of Anton II</figcaption></figure> <p>After the Russian Empire annexed Georgia in 1801 and began deporting the Georgian royal family to Russia proper, Anton came under increasing pressure from the Imperial officials. While Anton never openly retracted his loyalty to the Russian <a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">tsar</a>, the Russian administration was anxious of the patriarch's refusal to surrender any of his privileges and his zealous defense of the old Georgian church traditions and laws. His response to the Russian efforts to bring the Georgian church in line with the new regime relied on the arguments that the laws and traditional customs in Georgia were hundreds of years old, predating Russian models, and the decrees of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I of Russia</a> had confirmed the independence of the Georgian Church.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000119,_125_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000119,_125-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The questions were also raised about Anton's links to anti-Russian members of the royal family, such as his brothers, <a href="/wiki/Iulon,_son_of_Heraclius_II_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Iulon, son of Heraclius II of Georgia">Iulon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alexander,_son_of_Heraclius_II_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander, son of Heraclius II of Georgia">Alexander</a>, and Iulon's son <a href="/wiki/Leon,_son_of_Prince_Iulon_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Leon, son of Prince Iulon of Georgia">Levan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000125_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000125-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As early as in January 1801, the Russian commander Ivan Lazarev demanded in a latter sent to Anton II that the Georgian clergy ceased affording to Prince Royal Iulon a royal title in church services.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As external pressure mounted, Anton also had to deal with an internal division within the church. The intrigues, notably involving the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">metropolitan bishop</a> <a href="/wiki/Arsen_of_Tbilisi" title="Arsen of Tbilisi">Arsen of Tbilisi</a>, were a frequent matter of correspondence between Tbilisi and St. Petersburg to the point that the Russian commander in Georgia, General <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Tormasov" title="Alexander Tormasov">Alexander Tormasov</a>, rhetorically asked whether the church could be ruled by such clergy. Anton convened a church court which ruled that Arsen violated the canon by his misconduct and corruption and that he should be stripped of his office and retire to a remote convent, but the defiant bishop denied all charges and vehemently refused to leave his diocese, pending the decision in the imperial capital.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuruli201042–50_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuruli201042–50-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deposition">Deposition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_II_of_Georgia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Deposition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>To try to convince the Catholicos-Patriarch to accommodate the imperial demands, the Russian officials mounted pressure on Anton to travel to St. Petersburg. Anton declined invitation by the lay procurator of the Russian Holy Synod, Prince Alexander N. Golitsyn, of 6 November 1809, on grounds of ill-health, but the requests became more insistent after General Tormasov received intelligence that Anton's rebel nephew Levan, with his <a href="/wiki/Ossetians" title="Ossetians">Ossetian</a> bands, was preparing to seize the catholicos. On 3 November 1810, having conducted his last service at the <a href="/wiki/Svetitskhoveli_cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Svetitskhoveli cathedral">cathedral of Mtskheta</a>, Anton was escorted by the Russian military to Russia. With this, no member of the former Georgian royal family remained in any position of authority in Tbilisi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000125_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000125-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After his arrival in St. Petersburg, Anton was unilaterally removed from his office by the <a href="/wiki/Ukaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukaz">Imperial decree</a> of 11 July 1811. The Georgian patriarchate was abolished and substituted with an exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church. To lessen the impact of the loss of independence, the Russian government appointed as the first exarch a Georgian, Varlaam Eristavi, who was relieved of his duties in 1817 due to his delays in implementing new policies. From that year until the restoration of Georgian autocephalous church in 1917, all subsequent exarchs of Georgia were to be ethnic Russians appointed from St. Petersburg.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000136–137_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000136–137-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuny199484_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESuny199484-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERayfield20122012_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERayfield20122012-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_death_in_Russia">Life and death in Russia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_II_of_Georgia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Life and death in Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Discharged from the government of spiritual matters in Georgia and prohibited from returning to his homeland, Anton was decorated with the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Andrew" title="Order of St. Andrew">Order of St. Andrew</a> and offered a pension of 2,675 silver <a href="/wiki/Rouble" class="mw-redirect" title="Rouble">roubles</a>. In 1811, Anton, at his own request, was moved to <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, but in 1812 he was evacuated to <a href="/wiki/Tambov" title="Tambov">Tambov</a> due to <a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Russia" title="French invasion of Russia">Napoleon's occupation of Moscow</a>. He returned to St. Petersburg in 1819, but chose in 1820 to move to the estate of his relative, Prince <a href="/wiki/Georgy_Gruzinsky" title="Georgy Gruzinsky">Georgy Gruzinsky</a>, a descendant of <a href="/wiki/Vakhtang_VI_of_Kartli" class="mw-redirect" title="Vakhtang VI of Kartli">Vakhtang VI of Kartli</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Lyskovo,_Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast" title="Lyskovo, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast">Lyskovo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCadden1988137_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCadden1988137-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1824, Anton retired to a monastery in Nizhny Novgorod, where he died in 1827, bequeathing his property to his <a href="/wiki/Mariam,_daughter_of_Heraclius_II_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mariam, daughter of Heraclius II of Georgia">sisterly</a> nephew and faithful companion, Prince Evstati Tsitsishvili.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was first interred at the Church of <a href="/wiki/Joy_of_All_Who_Sorrow" title="Joy of All Who Sorrow">Joy of All Who Sorrow</a> in Nizhny Novgorod and in 1841 reburied in the Church of the Transfiguration of the <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_Kremlin" title="Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin">Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin</a>. The church was demolished by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> government in 1931 and the fate of Anton's grave is unknown.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETikhon_(Zatyokin)201130_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETikhon_(Zatyokin)201130-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Canonization">Canonization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_II_of_Georgia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Canonization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 11 July 2011, the Holy Synod of the Georgian Orthodox Church chaired by Catholicos Patriarch <a href="/wiki/Ilia_II_of_Georgia" title="Ilia II of Georgia">Ilia II</a> canonized Anton II as a saint and Great Martyr. His feast day was set on 21 December (3 January, <a href="/wiki/New_Style" class="mw-redirect" title="New Style">NS</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancestry">Ancestry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_II_of_Georgia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ancestry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886387087">.mw-parser-output table.ahnentafel{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel tr{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-t{border-top:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-b{border-bottom:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}</style><div class="noresize"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="margin:0.3em auto;clear:none;min-width:60em;width:auto;font-size:88%;border:1px solid #aaa"><tbody><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none;color:inherit;width:auto">Ancestors of Anton II of Georgia</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><table class="ahnentafel" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="60" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="29"> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #9fe;">16. <a href="/wiki/David,_son_of_Teimuraz_I_of_Kakheti" class="mw-redirect" title="David, son of Teimuraz I of Kakheti">David of Kakheti</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">8. <a href="/wiki/Heraclius_I_of_Kakheti" title="Heraclius I of Kakheti">Heraclius I of Kakheti</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #9fe;">17. Elene Diasamidze</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">4. <a href="/wiki/Teimuraz_II_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Teimuraz II of Georgia">Teimuraz II of Georgia</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #9fe;">18. Shermazan <a href="/wiki/Cholokashvili" title="Cholokashvili">Cholokashvili</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">9. Ana Cholokashvili</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">2. <a href="/wiki/Heraclius_II_of_Georgia" title="Heraclius II of Georgia">Heraclius II of Georgia</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="11"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="31" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="30" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #9fe;">20. <a href="/wiki/Levan_of_Kartli" title="Levan of Kartli">Levan of Kartli</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">10. <a href="/wiki/Vakhtang_VI_of_Kartli" class="mw-redirect" title="Vakhtang VI of Kartli">Vakhtang VI of Kartli</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #9fe;">21. Tuta Gurieli</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">5. <a href="/wiki/Tamar_of_Kartli" title="Tamar of Kartli">Tamar of Kartli</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="15"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #9fe;">22. Kelchiko of Kabarda</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">11. Rusudan of Kabarda</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fcc;">1. <b>Anton (Teimuraz)</b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="15"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="32" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="31" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="30" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="15"> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #9fe;">24. <a href="/wiki/Giorgi_IV_Dadiani" title="Giorgi IV Dadiani">Giorgi IV Dadiani</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">12. <a href="/wiki/Bezhan_I_Dadiani" class="mw-redirect" title="Bezhan I Dadiani">Bezhan I Dadiani</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #9fe;">25. Sevdia Mikeladze</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">6. Katsia-Giorgi Dadiani</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #9fe;">26. <a href="/wiki/Gelovani" class="mw-redirect" title="Gelovani">Gelovani</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">13. Tamar Gelovani</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">3. <a href="/wiki/Darejan_Dadiani" title="Darejan Dadiani">Darejan Dadiani</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="11"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_II_of_Georgia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPsuturi[httpqimgeanton20II1html_ანტონ_II_კათალიკოსი_(1762–1828)]_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPsuturi">Psuturi</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://qim.ge/anton%20II1.html">ანტონ II კათალიკოსი (1762–1828)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev200060-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev200060_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGvosdev2000">Gvosdev 2000</a>, p. 60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev200063–64-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev200063–64_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGvosdev2000">Gvosdev 2000</a>, pp. 63–64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000107-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000107_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGvosdev2000">Gvosdev 2000</a>, p. 107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000119,_125-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000119,_125_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGvosdev2000">Gvosdev 2000</a>, pp. 119, 125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000125-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000125_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000125_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGvosdev2000">Gvosdev 2000</a>, p. 125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuruli201042–50-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuruli201042–50_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuruli2010">Guruli 2010</a>, pp. 42–50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000136–137-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGvosdev2000136–137_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGvosdev2000">Gvosdev 2000</a>, pp. 136–137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESuny199484-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuny199484_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSuny1994">Suny 1994</a>, p. 84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERayfield20122012-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERayfield20122012_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRayfield2012">Rayfield 2012</a>, p. 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCadden1988137-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCadden1988137_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCadden1988">McCadden 1988</a>, p. 137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETikhon_(Zatyokin)201130-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETikhon_(Zatyokin)201130_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTikhon_(Zatyokin)2011">Tikhon (Zatyokin) 2011</a>, p. 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://patriarch.ge/eng/news/id/286#">"Resolution and Decrees of the Holy Synod"</a>. The International Charitable Foundation of The Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia. 12 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Resolution+and+Decrees+of+the+Holy+Synod&rft.date=2011-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpatriarch.ge%2Feng%2Fnews%2Fid%2F286%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton+II+of+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_II_of_Georgia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuruli2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Guruli, Vakhtang (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sangu.ge/images/vguruli/8avtk.pdf"><bdi lang="ka">საქართველოს სამოციქულო ეკლესიის ავტოკეფალიის გაუქმება (1811–1814)</bdi></a> [<i>Abolition of Autocephaly of the Georgian Apostolic Church</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Georgian). Tbilisi: Universali. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9941-12-990-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-9941-12-990-2"><bdi>978-9941-12-990-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1+%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D+%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1+%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1+%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90+%281811%E2%80%931814%29&rft.place=Tbilisi&rft.pub=Universali&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-9941-12-990-2&rft.aulast=Guruli&rft.aufirst=Vakhtang&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsangu.ge%2Fimages%2Fvguruli%2F8avtk.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton+II+of+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGvosdev2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nikolas_Gvosdev" title="Nikolas Gvosdev">Gvosdev, Nikolas K.</a> (2000). <i>Imperial policies and perspectives towards Georgia, 1760–1819</i>. New York: Palgrave. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-22990-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-22990-9"><bdi>0-312-22990-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Imperial+policies+and+perspectives+towards+Georgia%2C+1760%E2%80%931819&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Palgrave&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-312-22990-9&rft.aulast=Gvosdev&rft.aufirst=Nikolas+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton+II+of+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCadden1988" class="citation book cs1">McCadden, Joseph D. (1988). "Anton II". In Steeves, Paul D. (ed.). <i>The Modern Encyclopedia of Religions in Russia and the Soviet Union, Volume 2</i>. Gulf Breeze, Fa.: Academic International Press. pp. 135–137. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87569-106-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-87569-106-4"><bdi>0-87569-106-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anton+II&rft.btitle=The+Modern+Encyclopedia+of+Religions+in+Russia+and+the+Soviet+Union%2C+Volume+2&rft.place=Gulf+Breeze%2C+Fa.&rft.pages=135-137&rft.pub=Academic+International+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-87569-106-4&rft.aulast=McCadden&rft.aufirst=Joseph+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton+II+of+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPsuturi" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Psuturi, Natia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://qim.ge/anton%20II1.html"><bdi lang="ka">ანტონ II კათალიკოსი (1762–1828)</bdi></a> [Catholicos Anton II (1762–1828)]. <i>ქართველი ისტორიული მოღვაწენი (Georgian historical figures)</i> (in Georgian). National Center of Manuscripts<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98+%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98+%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98+%28Georgian+historical+figures%29&rft.atitle=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C+II+%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98+%281762%E2%80%931828%29&rft.aulast=Psuturi&rft.aufirst=Natia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fqim.ge%2Fanton%2520II1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton+II+of+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRayfield2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Rayfield" title="Donald Rayfield">Rayfield, Donald</a> (2012). <i>Edge of Empires: A History of Georgia</i>. London: Reaktion Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78023-030-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78023-030-6"><bdi>978-1-78023-030-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edge+of+Empires%3A+A+History+of+Georgia&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Reaktion+Books&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-78023-030-6&rft.aulast=Rayfield&rft.aufirst=Donald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton+II+of+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuny1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Grigor_Suny" title="Ronald Grigor Suny">Suny, Ronald Grigor</a> (1994). <i>The Making of the Georgian Nation</i> (2nd ed.). Bloomington: Indiana University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-253-20915-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-253-20915-3"><bdi>0-253-20915-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+the+Georgian+Nation&rft.place=Bloomington&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-253-20915-3&rft.aulast=Suny&rft.aufirst=Ronald+Grigor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton+II+of+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTikhon_(Zatyokin)2011" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-long-vol cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tikhon (Zatyokin), Archimandrite (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231600/http://www.pecherskiy.nne.ru/upload/magazine/Starina29-30.pdf"><bdi lang="ru">Католикос-Патриарх Грузии Антоний II</bdi></a> [Catholicos Patriarch Anton II of Georgia] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Nizhegorodskaya Starina</i> (in Russian). 29–30: 18–31. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pecherskiy.nne.ru/upload/magazine/Starina29-30.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 3 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nizhegorodskaya+Starina&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85+%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9+II&rft.volume=29%E2%80%9330&rft.pages=18-31&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Tikhon+%28Zatyokin%29&rft.aufirst=Archimandrite&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pecherskiy.nne.ru%2Fupload%2Fmagazine%2FStarina29-30.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnton+II+of+Georgia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church titles</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Anton_I_of_Georgia" title="Anton I of Georgia">Anton I</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Catholicos_Patriarch_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicos Patriarch of Georgia">Catholicos Patriarch of Georgia</a> </b><br />1788–1811 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Office abolished by the Russian Empire</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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