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Little Boy - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dezvoltarea_bombei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Dezvoltarea bombei</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dezvoltarea_bombei-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Dezvoltarea bombei subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dezvoltarea_bombei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Amenințarea_lui_Hitler" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amenințarea_lui_Hitler"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Amenințarea lui Hitler</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amenințarea_lui_Hitler-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Proiectul_Manhattan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proiectul_Manhattan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Proiectul Manhattan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proiectul_Manhattan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tehnologie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tehnologie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Tehnologie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tehnologie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mecanismul_de_detonare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mecanismul_de_detonare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Mecanismul de detonare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mecanismul_de_detonare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Componența" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Componența"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Componența</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Componența-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alegerea_țintei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alegerea_țintei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Alegerea țintei</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alegerea_țintei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bombardarea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bombardarea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bombardarea</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bombardarea-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bombardarea subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bombardarea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Desfașurarea_evenimentelor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Desfașurarea_evenimentelor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Desfașurarea evenimentelor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Desfașurarea_evenimentelor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Efectele_bombei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Efectele_bombei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Efectele bombei</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Efectele_bombei-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Efectele bombei subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Efectele_bombei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Efectele_exploziei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Efectele_exploziei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Efectele exploziei</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Efectele_exploziei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Incendiul" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incendiul"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Incendiul</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incendiul-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radiațiile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radiațiile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Radiațiile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radiațiile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Little Boy</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 60 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_(%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A9)" title="الولد الصغير (قنبلة) – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الولد الصغير (قنبلة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Малчугана – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Малчугана" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="লিটল বয় – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লিটল বয়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B3%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%86%DA%A9" title="پسر کوچک – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پسر کوچک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%93_%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%9F" title="ילד קטן – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ילד קטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AF" title="लिटिल बॉय – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लिटिल बॉय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4" title="リトルボーイ – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リトルボーイ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%AD%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%98)" title="ბიჭუნა (ბომბი) – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბიჭუნა (ბომბი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%ED%8B%80_%EB%B3%B4%EC%9D%B4" title="리틀 보이 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리틀 보이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C5%BEylis_(bomba)" title="Mažylis (bomba) – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mažylis (bomba)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazais_z%C4%93ns" title="Mazais zēns – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mazais zēns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AF" title="लिटिल बोय – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="लिटिल बोय" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D" title="ലിറ്റിൽ ബോയ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലിറ്റിൽ ബോയ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AF" title="लिटील बॉय – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लिटील बॉय" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="लिटिल ब्वाई – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="लिटिल ब्वाई" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%8F" title="ਲਿਟਲ ਬੁਆਏ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲਿਟਲ ਬੁਆਏ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%B9%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92" title="لٹل بوائے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لٹل بوائے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%88_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0)" title="Малыш (бомба) – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Малыш (бомба)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%C4%8Dek_(bomba)" title="Deček (bomba) – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Deček (bomba)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0)" title="Малиша (бомба) – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Малиша (бомба)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="லிட்டில் பாய் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="லிட்டில் பாய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="ลิตเติลบอย – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลิตเติลบอย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BA_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0)" title="Малюк (бомба) – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Малюк (бомба)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%B9%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92" title="لٹل بوائے – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لٹل بوائے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Little Boy" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B7%E5%B0%8F%E5%9B%A1%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BC%B9" title="男小囡原子弹 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="男小囡原子弹" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%94%B7%E5%AD%A9%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BD%88" title="小男孩原子彈 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="小男孩原子彈" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%94%B7%E5%AD%A9_(%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BD%88)" title="小男孩 (原子彈) – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="小男孩 (原子彈)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q181013#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie:Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discuții despre această pagină — pagină inexistentă [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discuție</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" 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href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Little_Boy" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Little_Boy" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fi%C8%99ier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Pagini_speciale" title="Lista tuturor paginilor speciale [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagini speciale</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;oldid=16354523" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Little_boy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Little_boy.jpg/250px-Little_boy.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Little_boy.jpg/375px-Little_boy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Little_boy.jpg/500px-Little_boy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2860" data-file-height="1812" /></a><figcaption>"Little Boy" - prima imagine a bombei, prezentată de Guvernul American după declasificarea documentelor referitoare la aceasta. (<a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Little Boy</b> ("Băiețelul") a fost numele de cod al primei <a href="/wiki/Arm%C4%83_nuclear%C4%83" title="Armă nucleară">bombe atomice</a> utilizată într-un conflict armat<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>, care a lovit în dimineața zilei de <a href="/wiki/6_august" title="6 august">6 august</a> <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>, orașul <a href="/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia">japonez</a> <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a>. Bomba a fost lansată de un <a href="/wiki/Bombardier" title="Bombardier">bombardier</a> <a href="/wiki/B-29_Superfortress" title="B-29 Superfortress">B-29 Superfortress</a> pilotat de Colonelul <a href="/wiki/Paul_Tibbets" title="Paul Tibbets">Paul Tibbets</a> de la baza aeriană <b>393d Bomb Squadron</b>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite" class="mw-redirect" title="Statele Unite">Statele Unite</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dezvoltarea_bombei">Dezvoltarea bombei</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Dezvoltarea bombei" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Dezvoltarea bombei"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amenințarea_lui_Hitler"><span id="Amenin.C8.9Barea_lui_Hitler"></span>Amenințarea lui Hitler</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Amenințarea lui Hitler" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Amenințarea lui Hitler"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Faptul că în <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germania</a> se descoperise <a href="/wiki/Fisiune_nuclear%C4%83" title="Fisiune nucleară">fisiunea nucleară</a>, întărită de un raport al serviciilor secrete britanice (M.I.6), conform căruia, <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germania</a> era interesată de fabricile de <a href="/wiki/Ap%C4%83_grea" title="Apă grea">apă grea</a> din <a href="/wiki/Norvegia" title="Norvegia">Norvegia</a>, îi neliniștea pe americani. Îngrijorat de modul în care <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>, persecuta <a href="/wiki/Evrei" title="Evrei">evreii</a> din <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>, și a posibilității creării unei bombe nucleare, fizicianul maghiar-evreu <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3_Szil%C3%A1rd" title="Leó Szilárd">Leó Szilárd</a>, i-a trimis fizicianului <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>, care la rândul lui, a retrimis scrisoare Președintelui SUA <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a>, o scrisoare, prin care îl avertizează de intențiile <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germaniei</a> <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Scrisoarea primită în august <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a>, a alarmat autoritățile, care au pus bazele <a href="/wiki/Proiectul_Manhattan" title="Proiectul Manhattan">Proiectului Manhattan</a>, proiect la care a și lucrat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proiectul_Manhattan">Proiectul Manhattan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Proiectul Manhattan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Proiectul Manhattan"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare rellink boilerplate seealso">Articol principal: <a href="/wiki/Proiectul_Manhattan" title="Proiectul Manhattan">Proiectul Manhattan</a>.</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16505893">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .rellink{display:flex}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .rellink{display:flex}}</style> <p><b>Little Boy</b> a fost rodul <a href="/wiki/Proiectul_Manhattan" title="Proiectul Manhattan">Proiectului Manhattan</a>, un program american ambițios care încă din <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a> urmărea dezvoltarea primei arme nucleare. Proiectul a fost demarat ca un răspuns la zvonurile, cum că germanii lucrează la o bombă atomică.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. În urma atacului japonezilor din <a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a> asupra flotei americane aflată la baza navală <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Harbour" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearl Harbour">Pearl Harbour</a> și implicarea Americii în <a href="/wiki/Al_Doilea_R%C4%83zboi_Mondial" title="Al Doilea Război Mondial">Al Doilea Război Mondial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Statele Unite ale Americii">Statele Unite ale Americii</a> împreună cu aliații săi <a href="/wiki/Regatul_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Regatul Unit">Regatul Unit</a> și <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> au accelerat demersurile de creare a bombei. Era o bombă cu încărcătură de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uraniu_235&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Uraniu 235 — pagină inexistentă">uraniu 235</a>, prin bombardarea cu neutroni lenți avea loc o reacție nucleară în lanț, generator de căldură, cu un efect devastator. Dezvoltarea primelor prototipuri și experimente au fost făcute la începutul anului <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a>, imediat după deschiderea <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laboratorului_Na%C8%9Bional_Los_Alamos&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Laboratorului Național Los Alamos — pagină inexistentă">Laboratorului Național Los Alamos</a>, parte componentă a <a href="/wiki/Proiectul_Manhattan" title="Proiectul Manhattan">Proiectului Manhattan</a>. Inițial bomba era de tip „pistol”, ulterior, în aprilie <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a>, s-a descoperit că fisiunile spontane ale uraniului puteau fi folosite mai eficient în alte tipuri de bombe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tehnologie">Tehnologie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Tehnologie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Tehnologie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pentru realizarea bombei, s-a folosit o tehnologie simplă care a constat în ciocnirea a două blocuri de <a href="/wiki/Uraniu" title="Uraniu">uraniu 235</a> în urma căreia, se atingea masa critică pentru a declanșa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisiune&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisiune — pagină inexistentă">fisiunea</a>. Prin urmare, bomba nu a fost testată, ulterior dovedidu-se că implozia din <a href="/wiki/Testul_Trinity" title="Testul Trinity">Testul Trinity</a> și apoi cea de la <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a> a fost mult mai eficient. Concluzia specialistilor, a fost că era nevoie de mai puțin material fisionabil și a permis utilizarea de <a href="/wiki/Plutoniu" title="Plutoniu">plutoniu 239</a>. Mai mult decât atât, această bombă a fost extem de periculoasă datorită celor două blocuri de uraniu care s-ar fi putut ciocni accidental. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Gun-type_fission_weapon_numlabels.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gun-type_fission_weapon_numlabels.svg/500px-Gun-type_fission_weapon_numlabels.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gun-type_fission_weapon_numlabels.svg/750px-Gun-type_fission_weapon_numlabels.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gun-type_fission_weapon_numlabels.svg/1000px-Gun-type_fission_weapon_numlabels.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption>Schema bombei tip „pușcă”: 1. Explozibil convențional (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordit%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cordită — pagină inexistentă">cordită</a>), folosit pentru propulsarea proiectilului; 2. Țeava sau tunul; 3. Proiectilul din <a href="/wiki/Uraniu" title="Uraniu">uraniu 235</a>; 4. Cilindrul țintă, tot din <a href="/wiki/Uraniu" title="Uraniu">uraniu 235</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mecanismul_de_detonare">Mecanismul de detonare</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Mecanismul de detonare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Mecanismul de detonare"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Atombombe_Little_Boy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Atombombe_Little_Boy.jpg/250px-Atombombe_Little_Boy.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Atombombe_Little_Boy.jpg/375px-Atombombe_Little_Boy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Atombombe_Little_Boy.jpg/500px-Atombombe_Little_Boy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2303" /></a><figcaption>Little Boy inspectată de Comandantul A. Birch (dreapta) și Dr. Norman Foster Ramsey (stânga). Aceasta este o imagine rară deoarece nu au existat multe imagini cu bomba deschisă</figcaption></figure> <p>Cu toate că, pentru Little Boy s-a folosit același sistem de detonare în aer folosit și pentru <a href="/wiki/Fat_Man" title="Fat Man">Fat Man</a> ("Grăsanul"), bomba continua să fie periculoasă pentru cei care o manevrau. Astfel Capitanul <b>William “Deke” Parsons</b>, a hotărât ca explozibilul convențional (cordită), urma să fie pus în bombă după decolarea avionului. Dacă bomba ar fi căzut în apă, reacția ar fi fost violentă, deoarece apa ar fi accelerat reacția, iar materialul radioactiv ar fi fost dispersat pe zonă mai mare. După desprinderea de avion, și armarea bombei, <a href="/wiki/Altimetru" title="Altimetru">altimetrul</a> și senzorii de presiune s-au activat. Dispozitivele de detonare a corditei au fost conectate la altimetru pentru a sincroniza detonarea cu altitudinea programată. În cazul în care acesta nu ar fi funcționat, altitudinea ar fi urmat sa fie stabilită pe baza unui <a href="/wiki/Barometru" title="Barometru">barometru</a>. Prin determinarea <a href="/wiki/Presiune_atmosferic%C4%83" title="Presiune atmosferică">presiunii atmosferice</a> care crește pe măsură ce altitudinea bombei scădea, capsa de detonare a corditei ar fi fost declanșată de barometru. Astfel proiectilul a fost propulsat spre țintă cu 300&#160;m/s, detonând bomba la 600 de metri deasupra solului<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Componența"><span id="Componen.C8.9Ba"></span>Componența</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Componența" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Componența"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Principalele părți componente ale bombei au fost cele două cilindre de <a href="/wiki/Uraniu" title="Uraniu">uraniu 235</a>, acestea au fost împărțite în proiectil și ținta (proporția 40:60). Proiectilul avea o lungime de 16&#160;cm, 10&#160;cm în diametru și cântărea 25,6&#160;kg. Acesta era format din 6 inele de uraniu, protejate de o placă de <a href="/wiki/O%C8%9Bel" title="Oțel">oțel</a> și de una de <a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">wolfram</a>. Proiectilul a fost ținut într-o cutie de oțel cu pereți de 2&#160;mm grosime. Ținta, a fost un cilindru format din 2 inele de uraniu îmbogățit care cântăreau împreună 38,4&#160;kg. Ambele cilindre au fost învelite cu o camașă de <a href="/wiki/Bor" class="mw-disambig" title="Bor">bor</a>, care avea rolul de a absorbi neutronii. În momentul ciocnirii, învelișul de bor s-a desprins lăsând să aibă loc reacția în camera din <a href="/wiki/O%C8%9Bel" title="Oțel">oțel</a> și <a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">wolfram</a>. Țeava de oțel, prin care a trecut "proiectilul" avea diametrul de 10&#160;cm, lungimea de 180&#160;cm și cântărea 450 de kg. Pentru ca proiectilul să fie propulsat cu o viteză de 300&#160;m/s, s-a folosit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordit%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cordită — pagină inexistentă">cordită</a>, un exploziv de artilerie, preparat din <a href="/wiki/Nitroglicerin%C4%83" title="Nitroglicerină">nitroglicerină</a> și <a href="/wiki/Nitroceluloz%C4%83" title="Nitroceluloză">nitroceluloză</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Țeava, împreună cu materialele explozibile și fisionabile au fost învelite într-un strat gros de plumb de aproximativ 60&#160;cm, pentru a proteja de radiații mecanismele electronice și mecanice ale bombei. La începutul lunii mai <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>, bomba era construită, însă îi lipsea încărcătura de uraniu îmbogățit care încă nu fusese livrată. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Little_Boy_internal_diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Little_Boy_internal_diagram.svg/200px-Little_Boy_internal_diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Little_Boy_internal_diagram.svg/300px-Little_Boy_internal_diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Little_Boy_internal_diagram.svg/400px-Little_Boy_internal_diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="656" data-file-height="1036" /></a><figcaption>Schița bombei "Little Boy"</figcaption></figure> <ol><li>Stabilizatorul bombei</li> <li>Capătul țevei</li> <li>Detonatorul de presiune</li> <li>Explozibil convențional (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordit%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cordită — pagină inexistentă">cordită</a>)</li> <li>Uraniu 235 - 6 inele cu o greutate totală de 26 <a href="/wiki/Kg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kg">kg</a>. Acestea jucau rolul proiectilului.</li> <li>Barometru</li> <li>Carcasa de oțel al bombei</li> <li>Fitilul și dispozitivul de armare</li> <li>Țeava din oțel cu diametrul de 10 <a href="/wiki/Cm" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cm">cm</a> și 200 <a href="/wiki/Cm" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cm">cm</a> lungime</li> <li>Siguranța bombei</li> <li>"Cămașă" de oțel</li> <li>Uraniu 235 - două inele (38 <a href="/wiki/Kg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kg">kg</a>). Acestea erau "ținta", urmând să fie lovite de cele 6 inele de uraniu 235.</li> <li>Cameră reflectorizantă din <a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">wolfram</a> (2.300&#160;kg)</li> <li>Neutroni inițiatori</li> <li>Altimetru și radar - în total 4 radare (APS-13)</li> <li>Pârghie de siguranță (nu apare în schiță)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alegerea_țintei"><span id="Alegerea_.C8.9Bintei"></span>Alegerea țintei</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Alegerea țintei" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Alegerea țintei"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pe <a href="/wiki/11_mai" title="11 mai">11 mai</a> <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>, o comisie formată din Generalul Farrell, Colonelul Seeman, Capitanul Parson, Maiorul Derry și profesorii <a href="/wiki/Robert_Oppenheimer" title="Robert Oppenheimer">Robert Oppenheimer</a>, Stearns, Wilson, Tolman au încearcat stabilirea țintei pentru Little Boy. Au fost menționate șase ținte, acestea au fost<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>: </p> <ol><li>Orașul industrial <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>, acesta avea o populație de 1.000.000 locuitori. Kyoto mai era și un important centru educațional. Orașul era clasificat ca țintă de tip AA.</li> <li>Orașul <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a>, dispunea de numeroase depozite de armament, de un port și era și el un centru industrial. Orașul era clasificat ca țintă de tip AA.</li> <li>Orașul <a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a>, era un centru industrial, unde se produceau avioane, aparate electrice și combustibili. Orașul era clasificat ca țintă de tip A.</li> <li>Kokura Arsenal acesta era unul dintre cele mai mari arsenale din <a href="/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia">Japonia</a> și era inconjurat de numeroase așezari urbane și industriale. Țintă de tip A.</li> <li>Portul Niigata era situat la NV de coasta <a href="/wiki/Honshu" title="Honshu">Honshu</a>. În zonă se regăseau numeroase fabrici și rafinării. Țintă de tip B</li> <li>A șasea țintă a reprezentat-o Palatul Emperor</li></ol> <p>În cele din urmă, pe <a href="/wiki/2_august" title="2 august">2 august</a> a fost ales orașul <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a>, deoarece acesta a fost ferit de bombardamentele convenționale pentru a putea fi testată bomba nucleară. Americanii considerau că, pentru a observa mai bine efectele bombei, orașul nu trebuia să prezinte urme ale altor bombardamente<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bombardarea">Bombardarea</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bombardarea" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Bombardarea"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima_-_NARA_542192_-_Edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima_-_NARA_542192_-_Edit.jpg/200px-Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima_-_NARA_542192_-_Edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima_-_NARA_542192_-_Edit.jpg/300px-Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima_-_NARA_542192_-_Edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima_-_NARA_542192_-_Edit.jpg/400px-Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima_-_NARA_542192_-_Edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2498" data-file-height="2943" /></a><figcaption>Fotografie realizată de una din cele șase aeronave care au participat la misiunea specială nr. 13</figcaption></figure> <p>În dimineața zilei de <a href="/wiki/6_august" title="6 august">6 august</a> <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>, la ora 8:15, <a href="/wiki/Bombardier" title="Bombardier">bombardierul</a> <a href="/wiki/Enola_Gay" title="Enola Gay">Enola Gay</a>, pilotat de <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonelul</a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Tibbets" title="Paul Tibbets">Paul Tibbets</a> de la baza aeriană <b>393d Bomb Squadron</b>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite" class="mw-redirect" title="Statele Unite">Statele Unite</a>, lansează bomba deasupra orașul <a href="/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia">japonez</a> <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a>. Cu o lungime de 3 metri și un diametru de 71 <a href="/wiki/Cm" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cm">cm</a>, bomba cântărea 4.000 <a href="/wiki/Kg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kg">kg</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>, din care 64 <a href="/wiki/Kg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kg">kg</a> reprezenta uraniul 235. Puterea exploziei a fost estimată la aproximativ 12 kiloton de <a href="/wiki/Trinitrotoluen" title="Trinitrotoluen">TNT</a>, ucigând aproximativ 140.000 de oameni. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Desfașurarea_evenimentelor"><span id="Desfa.C8.99urarea_evenimentelor"></span>Desfașurarea evenimentelor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Desfașurarea evenimentelor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Desfașurarea evenimentelor"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="float:right; clear:right; border:1px solid #CCC; width:276px; margin:3px 0 3px .5cm; padding: 1em 2em 0 1em;"> <div style="font-weight:bold">Fragmente audio: Declarația Președitelui american <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a></div> <div class="medialist listenlist"> <ul> <table style="background-color:transparent;"><tbody><tr><td>[[:Image:Trumann hiroshima.ogg|]]</td></tr><tr><td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="26" data-mwtitle="Truman_on_Hiroshima.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Truman_on_Hiroshima.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs=&quot;vorbis&quot;" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6d/Truman_on_Hiroshima.oga/Truman_on_Hiroshima.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ATruman_on_Hiroshima.oga&amp;lang=en&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ATruman_on_Hiroshima.oga&amp;lang=es&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ATruman_on_Hiroshima.oga&amp;lang=fr&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fr" label="français ‪(fr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ATruman_on_Hiroshima.oga&amp;lang=id&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ATruman_on_Hiroshima.oga&amp;lang=pt-br&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt-BR" label="português do Brasil ‪(pt-br)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ATruman_on_Hiroshima.oga&amp;lang=vi&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ATruman_on_Hiroshima.oga&amp;lang=zh-hans&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans" label="中文(简体) ‪(zh-hans)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="font-size:8pt;text-align:left;padding:4pt;padding-left:0pt;line-height:1.25em">Declarația comună a Președitelui american <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> și prim-ministrul <a href="/wiki/Regatul_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Regatul Unit">Regatului Unit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>, referitor la bombardarea Hiroshimei</td></tr></tbody></table> <li> <div style="font-size:87%"><i>Probleme în ascultarea fișierului? Consultați <a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Media" title="Ajutor:Media">pagina de ajutor</a>.</i></div> </li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:40%"><br /></div> </div> <p><br /> </p> <ul><li><b>La ora 7:09</b> bombardierul <a href="/wiki/Enola_Gay" title="Enola Gay">Enola Gay</a>, zburând cu 600&#160;km pe oră la o altitudine de 9.467 metri (31.060&#160;ft <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>), în <b>misiunea specială de luptă nr. 13</b>, a ajuns la locul prescris de unde a comunicat că cerul este complet acoperit de nori, și că recomandă îndeplinirea scopului principal: bombardarea.</li> <li><b>La ora 8:15</b> bomba a fost aruncată; brusc avionul a fost năpădit de o lumină mai puternică decât a soarelui. Ținta bombei ar fi trebuit să fie Podul Aioi, iar ciuperca ar fi trebuit să se înalțe la 600 de metri deasupra solului, însă "Little Boy" a căzut la 260 de metri de obiectiv, ratând ținta. La impact, s-a produs o explozie atomică de 10 kilotone care a creat un glob de foc cu un diametru de mai mulți kilometri, s-a ridicat direct vertical, amețitor de repede, dilatându-se neîncetat. De el atârna o coadă de fum, aburi.</li> <li><b>La ora 8:16</b>, 66 000 de oameni au fost omorâți și 69 000 au fost răniți. Punctul vaporizării totale a măsurat 1&#160;km în diametru. Distrugerea totală s-a produs într-o zonă cu diametrul de 1,8&#160;km. Pagube importante au fost provocate pe o zonă cu diametrul de 3,5&#160;km. La 4&#160;km, tot ce era inflamabil a ars.</li> <li><b>La ora 18</b>, primele știri despre aruncarea bombei atomice asupra <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a> sosesc de la radioul britanic. Noul președinte american <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> anunță o imensă reușită a oamenilor de știință.</li> <li><b>La ora 21</b>, știrile. Declarația comună a președintelui american <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> și prim-ministrul <a href="/wiki/Regatul_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Regatul Unit">Regatului Unit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>. Este vorba de 300.000 de morți, două miliarde de dolari a costat construcția bombei, 180 000 de oameni au contribuit la aceasta din care 14.000 fizicieni și ingineri<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Efectele_bombei">Efectele bombei</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifică secțiunea: Efectele bombei" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Efectele bombei"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:House_1953_Nevada_Nuclear_Test_5_psi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/House_1953_Nevada_Nuclear_Test_5_psi.jpg/200px-House_1953_Nevada_Nuclear_Test_5_psi.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/House_1953_Nevada_Nuclear_Test_5_psi.jpg/300px-House_1953_Nevada_Nuclear_Test_5_psi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/House_1953_Nevada_Nuclear_Test_5_psi.jpg/400px-House_1953_Nevada_Nuclear_Test_5_psi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>O casă din lemn, distrusă de o bombă nucleară. Acest experiment a făcut parte din <a href="/w/index.php?title=Opera%C5%A3iunea_Upshot-Knothole&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Operaţiunea Upshot-Knothole — pagină inexistentă">Operațiunea Upshot-Knothole</a> realizată pe 17 martie 1953 în <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poligonul_de_teste_Nevada&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Poligonul de teste Nevada — pagină inexistentă">Poligonul de teste Nevada</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Sondele parașutate înainte de explozie, care au măsurat puterea exploziei, au arătat că Little Boy a generat aproximativ 12 kilotone. Daunele au fost generate de cumulul celor trei efecte: explozie, incendiu și radiații. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Efectele_exploziei">Efectele exploziei</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifică secțiunea: Efectele exploziei" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Efectele exploziei"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Hiroshima_Damage_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Hiroshima_Damage_Map.png/200px-Hiroshima_Damage_Map.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Hiroshima_Damage_Map.png/300px-Hiroshima_Damage_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Hiroshima_Damage_Map.png/400px-Hiroshima_Damage_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="976" /></a><figcaption>Harta ce prezintă efectele exploziei.</figcaption></figure> <p>Explozia bombei a generat o sferă de foc (o ciupercă) și <a href="/wiki/Radia%C8%9Bie_X" title="Radiație X">radiații X</a> care au fost dispersate în toate direcțiile, cu viteza sunetului. Little Boy a oferit specialistilor ocazia de a studia efectele exploziei, mult mai bine decât a făcut-o <a href="/wiki/Fat_Man" title="Fat Man">Fat Man</a>. Relieful pe care era amplasat orașul, fară denivelări pronunțate, a favorizat propagarea undei generată de explozie. Pe o rază de 1,8&#160;km, forța exploziei a fost de 5 psi distrugând complet toate clădirile, iar pagube importante au fost provocate pe o zonă cu diametrul de 3,5&#160;km. În <a href="/w/index.php?title=Testul_Annie&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Testul Annie — pagină inexistentă">Testul Annie</a>, realizat pe <a href="/wiki/17_martie" title="17 martie">17 martie</a> <a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a>, în <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poligonul_de_teste_Nevada&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Poligonul de teste Nevada — pagină inexistentă">Poligonul de teste Nevada</a>, a arătat efectele pe care le are o explozie de 5 psi asupra clădirilor, în imaginea din dreapta se poate vedea forța distructivă a exploziei. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Incendiul">Incendiul</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Modifică secțiunea: Incendiul" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Incendiul"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Explozia a fost urmată de o lumină orbitoare, însoțită de o minge de foc care emana multă căldură. La Hiroshima mingea de foc a avut 370 de metri, temperatura din interiorul ei fiind de 3.980&#160;°C. În jurul punctului critic, pe o rază de 500 de metri totul, fie s-a vaporizat, fie s-a transformat instantaneu în carbon. Lumina radioactivă a afectat toate zonele expuse, iar zonele ferite de lumina exploziei au devenind umbre<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Asfel, umbra unui om dispărut în timpul exploziei a fost imprimată de razele x, pe treptele Bancii Sumitomo (aceasta se afla la 250 de metri de „zona 0”)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Furtuna de foc s-a întins pe un diametru de 3&#160;km, bucățile de materiale flamabile, conductele de alimentare cu gaz metan secționate, au contribuit la menținerea și formarea de noi incendii. În plus, misiunea pompierilor a fost dificilă datorită căilor de acces și al conductelor de alimentare cu apă sparte, făcând hidranții inutili. Determinarea numărului victimelor în timpul exploziei și al celor dispărute în incendii, este dificil de determinat, pentru că multe dintre acestea s-au vaporizat în primele momente ale exploziei sau au fost arse în incendii ce au urmat. Din această cauză nu se poate determina numărul celor care au scăpat de explozie și au murit în incendii. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radiațiile"><span id="Radia.C8.9Biile"></span>Radiațiile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Modifică secțiunea: Radiațiile" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Radiațiile"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În zona de impact cenușa și praful au fost puternic radioactive. Suprafața afectată de <a href="/wiki/Contaminare_radioactiv%C4%83" title="Contaminare radioactivă">contaminarea radioactivă</a> este mult mai mare comparativ cu celelalte efecte distructive ale bombei. Bombele cu detornare în aer, pot risipi radiațiile în <a href="/wiki/Stratosfer%C4%83" title="Stratosferă">stratosferă</a>, având un impact asupra mediului la nivel global. În cazul "Băiețelului", detonarea a avut loc la 600 metri, fapt pentru care la sol nu s-a format crater și nu a existat o sursă pentru emisiile de radiații. Cele mai multe radiații gama și radiații de neutroni au fost emise de sfera de foc care s-a ridicat deasupra orașului. S-au mai produs și radiații ultraviolete, infra-roșiu care s-au răspândit cu viteza luminii. Persoanele afectate de o cantitate mare de radiație au murit pe loc, altele au decedat după 2-3 zile. Radiațiile au afectat pe rând măduva osoasă, sistemul imunologic, fiind urmate de moartea victimei<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Au mai fost construite și testate alte arme nuclere, exemplu <a href="/wiki/Testul_Trinity" title="Testul Trinity">Testul Trinity</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">The Atomic Heritage Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220617102507/http://www.mphpa.org/index2.php?option=com_content">„<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>Einstein's Letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mphpa.org/index2.php?option=com_content&amp;do_pdf=1&amp;id=172">original</a> la <time datetime="2022-06-17">17 iunie 2022</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-05-26">26 mai 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%22Einstein%27s+Letter+to+Franklin+D.+Roosevelt%22&amp;rft.au=The+Atomic+Heritage+Foundation&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mphpa.org%2Findex2.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26do_pdf%3D1%26id%3D172&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Boy" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">R.V. Jones, „Un război ultrasecret”, Editura Politică <a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a>, Cap. 48, p. 536</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">The Nuclear Weapon Archive (Version 2.18: <a href="/wiki/3_iulie" title="3 iulie">3 iulie</a> <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/Nwfaq/Nfaq8.html#nfaq8.1.3">„<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>Nuclear Weapons Frequently Asked Questions or NWFAQ" by Carey Sublette”</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%22Nuclear+Weapons+Frequently+Asked+Questions+or+NWFAQ%22+by+Carey+Sublette&amp;rft.au=The+Nuclear+Weapon+Archive&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnuclearweaponarchive.org%2FNwfaq%2FNfaq8.html%23nfaq8.1.3&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Boy" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați datele pentru: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_date" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române - DEX '98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Target Committee, Los Alamos, (10-11 mai <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dannen.com/decision/targets.html#D">„<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>, TS Manhattan Project File '42-'46, folder 5D Selection of Targets, 2 Notes on Target Committee Meetings<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>”</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%22%2C+TS+Manhattan+Project+File+%2742-%2746%2C+folder+5D+Selection+of+Targets%2C+2+Notes+on+Target+Committee+Meetings%22&amp;rft.au=Target+Committee%2C+Los+Alamos%2C&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dannen.com%2Fdecision%2Ftargets.html%23D&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Boy" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați datele pentru: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_date" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Mentenanță CS1: Nume multiple: lista autorilor (<a href="/wiki/Categorie:Mentenan%C8%9B%C4%83_CS1:_Nume_multiple:_lista_autorilor" title="Categorie:Mentenanță CS1: Nume multiple: lista autorilor">link</a>) </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Colonelul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Richard_Groves&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Leslie Richard Groves — pagină inexistentă">Leslie Richard Groves</a>, <i>Now it Can be Told: The Story of the Manhattan Project</i>, <a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962</a>, pagina 267: "Pentru a ne permite o evaluare cat mai exactă a efectelor bombei, obiectivele trebuieau să nu fi fost anterior deteriorate de raidurile aeriene."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/Usa/Med/Lbfm.html">Prima armă nucleară</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Los Alamos National Laboratory (septembrie 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080227053729/http://www.mbe.doe.gov/me70/manhattan/publications/LANLHiroshimaNagasakiYields.pdf">„Raportul: "The Yields of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki Nuclear Explosions" by John Malik”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mbe.doe.gov/me70/manhattan/publications/LANLHiroshimaNagasakiYields.pdf">original</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> la <time datetime="2008-02-27">27 februarie 2008</time>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Raportul%3A+%22The+Yields+of+the+Hiroshima+and+Nagasaki+Nuclear+Explosions%22+by+John+Malik&amp;rft.date=1985-09&amp;rft.au=Los+Alamos+National+Laboratory&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mbe.doe.gov%2Fme70%2Fmanhattan%2Fpublications%2FLANLHiroshimaNagasakiYields.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Boy" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">The Manhattan Project Heritage Preservation Association. (03 august 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061009095411/http://www.childrenofthemanhattanproject.org/CG/CG_09C1.htm">„<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>The Historic Timelines<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>”</a>. Arhivat din original în 2006-10-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%22The+Historic+Timelines%22&amp;rft.au=The+Manhattan+Project+Heritage+Preservation+Association.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.childrenofthemanhattanproject.org%2FCG%2FCG_09C1.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ALittle+Boy" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați datele pentru: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_date" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Mentenanță CS1: URL impropriu (<a href="/wiki/Categorie:Mentenan%C8%9B%C4%83_CS1:_URL_impropriu" title="Categorie:Mentenanță CS1: URL impropriu">link</a>) </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Imaginea se regăsește în cadrul expoziției Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum. Aceasta a fost realizată de US Army Pathology Institute / Chugoku Shimbun <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp/virtual/VirtualMuseum_e/visit_e/subcon/he101c.html">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090327095941/http://www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp/virtual/VirtualMuseum_e/visit_e/subcon/he101c.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-03-27">27 martie 2009</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Imaginea se regăsește în cadrul expoziției Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum. Aceasta a fost realizată de fotograful Yoshito Matsushige <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp/virtual/VirtualMuseum_e/visit_e/subcon/sa141-2.html">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210924155619/http://www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp/virtual/VirtualMuseum_e/visit_e/subcon/sa141-2.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2021-09-24">24 septembrie 2021</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anesi.com/ussbs01.htm#eotjp">Pagina 22</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Bibliografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://members.tripod.com/fallout_99/bomba/bomba.htm">[3]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proiectul_Manhattan" title="Proiectul Manhattan">Proiectul Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arm%C4%83_nuclear%C4%83" title="Armă nucleară">Armă nucleară</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testul_Trinity" title="Testul Trinity">Testul Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fat_Man" title="Fat Man">Fat Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardamentele_atomice_de_la_Hiroshima_%C8%99i_Nagasaki" title="Bombardamentele atomice de la Hiroshima și Nagasaki">Bombardamentele atomice de la Hiroshima și Nagasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AN-11" title="AN-11">AN-11</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/Nwfaq/Nfaq8.html">Nuclear FAQ - Section 8.0 The First Nuclear Weapons</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.lanl.gov/">Arhiva electronică a Laboratorului Național Los Alamos</a></li></ul> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Reconstituirea">evenimentului <span class="plainlinks">_rHrV2QhArA</span></a> pe <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Proiectul_Manhattan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Manhattan_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Format:Manhattan Project"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Manhattan_Project&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Manhattan Project — pagină inexistentă"><abbr title="Discută acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Manhattan_Project&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Modifică acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">m</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Proiectul_Manhattan" style="font-size:100%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Manhattan Project">Proiectul Manhattan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_Manhattan_Project&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of the Manhattan Project — pagină inexistentă">Timeline</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locuri</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proiectul_Ames&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Proiectul Ames — pagină inexistentă">Ames</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calutron&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Calutron — pagină inexistentă">Berkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallurgical_Laboratory" title="Metallurgical Laboratory">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proiectul_Dayton" title="Proiectul Dayton">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanford_Site&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanford Site — pagină inexistentă">Hanford</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proiectul_Camel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Proiectul Camel — pagină inexistentă">Inyokern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratorul_Na%C8%9Bional_Los_Alamos" title="Laboratorul Național Los Alamos">Los Alamos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montreal_Laboratory&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Montreal Laboratory — pagină inexistentă">Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=K-25&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="K-25 — pagină inexistentă">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clinton_Engineer_Works&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Clinton Engineer Works — pagină inexistentă">Oak Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_(test_nuclear)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinity (test nuclear)">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wendover_Air_Force_Base&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wendover Air Force Base — pagină inexistentă">Wendover</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=P-9_Project&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="P-9 Project — pagină inexistentă">Site-uri de depozitare</a> ale <a href="/wiki/Ap%C4%83_grea" title="Apă grea">apei grele</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Nagasakibomb.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The rising mushroom cloud from the Nagasaki &quot;Fat Man&quot; bomb, August 9, 1945"><img alt="The rising mushroom cloud from the Nagasaki &quot;Fat Man&quot; bomb, August 9, 1945" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Nagasakibomb.jpg/120px-Nagasakibomb.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Nagasakibomb.jpg/180px-Nagasakibomb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Nagasakibomb.jpg/240px-Nagasakibomb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3245" data-file-height="3877" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administratori</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vannevar_Bush" title="Vannevar Bush">Vannevar Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Compton" title="Arthur Compton">Arthur Compton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Conant" class="mw-redirect" title="James B. Conant">James B. Conant</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Priscilla_Duffield&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Priscilla Duffield — pagină inexistentă">Priscilla Duffield</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Farrell_(general)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Farrell (general) — pagină inexistentă">Thomas Farrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Groves" title="Leslie Groves">Leslie Groves</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Lansdale_Jr.&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="John Lansdale Jr. — pagină inexistentă">John Lansdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lawrence" title="Ernest Lawrence">Ernest Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_C._Marshall&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="James C. Marshall — pagină inexistentă">James Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franklin_Matthias&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Franklin Matthias — pagină inexistentă">Franklin Matthias</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorothy_McKibbin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorothy McKibbin — pagină inexistentă">Dorothy McKibbin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_Nichols&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenneth Nichols — pagină inexistentă">Kenneth Nichols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Robert_Oppenheimer" class="mw-redirect" title="J. Robert Oppenheimer">Robert Oppenheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Sterling_Parsons&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="William Sterling Parsons — pagină inexistentă">Deak Parsons</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_R._Purnell&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="William R. Purnell — pagină inexistentă">William Purnell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Spedding&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Spedding — pagină inexistentă">Frank Spedding</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Allen_Thomas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Allen Thomas — pagină inexistentă">Charles Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Tibbets" title="Paul Tibbets">Paul Tibbets</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_L._Uanna&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="William L. Uanna — pagină inexistentă">Bud Uanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Urey" title="Harold Urey">Harold Urey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stafford_L._Warren&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Stafford L. Warren — pagină inexistentă">Stafford Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ed_Westcott&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ed Westcott — pagină inexistentă">Ed Westcott</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roscoe_Charles_Wilson&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Roscoe Charles Wilson — pagină inexistentă">Roscoe Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oameni de știință</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Walter_Alvarez" title="Luis Walter Alvarez">Luis Alvarez</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bacher&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Bacher — pagină inexistentă">Robert Bacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" class="mw-redirect" title="Hans Bethe">Hans Bethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aage_Bohr" class="mw-redirect" title="Aage Bohr">Aage Bohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">Niels Bohr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norris_Bradbury&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Norris Bradbury — pagină inexistentă">Norris Bradbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">James Chadwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cockcroft" class="mw-redirect" title="John Cockcroft">John Cockcroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Daghlian" title="Harry Daghlian">Harry Daghlian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Richard Feynman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val_Logsdon_Fitch" title="Val Logsdon Fitch">Val Fitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Franck" title="James Franck">James Franck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Fuchs" title="Klaus Fuchs">Klaus Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert-Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert-Mayer">Maria Goeppert-Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Kistiakowsky&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="George Kistiakowsky — pagină inexistentă">George Kistiakowsky</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Koval&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="George Koval — pagină inexistentă">George Koval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willard_Libby" title="Willard Libby">Willard Libby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_McMillan" title="Edwin McMillan">Edwin McMillan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Oliphant&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mark Oliphant — pagină inexistentă">Mark Oliphant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Foster_Ramsey" title="Norman Foster Ramsey">Norman Ramsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Isidor Isaac Rabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Rainwater" title="James Rainwater">James Rainwater</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruno_Rossi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruno Rossi — pagină inexistentă">Bruno Rossi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_T._Seaborg" title="Glenn T. Seaborg">Glenn Seaborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Segrè">Emilio Segrè</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Slotin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Slotin — pagină inexistentă">Louis Slotin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_DeWolf_Smyth&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry DeWolf Smyth — pagină inexistentă">Henry DeWolf Smyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Szilard" class="mw-redirect" title="Leo Szilard">Leo Szilard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Teller" title="Edward Teller">Edward Teller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanislaw_Ulam" title="Stanislaw Ulam">Stanisław Ulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_von_Neumann" title="John von Neumann">John von Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Archibald_Wheeler" title="John Archibald Wheeler">John Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wigner" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugene Wigner">Eugene Wigner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_R._Wilson" title="Robert R. Wilson">Robert Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leona_Woods&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Leona Woods — pagină inexistentă">Leona Woods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operațiuni</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proiectul_Alberta&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Proiectul Alberta — pagină inexistentă">Alberta (proiect)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Misiunea_Alsos&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Misiunea Alsos — pagină inexistentă">Alsos (misiune)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardamentele_atomice_de_la_Hiroshima_%C8%99i_Nagasaki" title="Bombardamentele atomice de la Hiroshima și Nagasaki">Bombardarea orașelor Hiroshima și Nagasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opera%C8%9Biunea_Crossroads&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Operațiunea Crossroads — pagină inexistentă">Crossroad (operațiune)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opera%C8%9Biunea_Peppermint&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Operațiunea Peppermint — pagină inexistentă">Peppermint (operațiune)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silverplate&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Silverplate — pagină inexistentă">Silverplate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=509th_Composite_Group&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="509th Composite Group — pagină inexistentă">509th Composite Group</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Enola_Gay" title="Enola Gay">Enola Gay</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bockscar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bockscar — pagină inexistentă">Bockscar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_Artiste&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The Great Artiste — pagină inexistentă">The Great Artiste</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arme (Bombe)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fat_Man" title="Fat Man">Fat Man</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Little Boy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pumpkin_bomb&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pumpkin bomb — pagină inexistentă">Pumpkin bomb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thin_Man_(nuclear_bomb)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Thin Man (nuclear bomb) — pagină inexistentă">Thin Man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alte subiecte</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atomic_Energy_Act_of_1946&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Atomic Energy Act of 1946 — pagină inexistentă">Atomic Energy Act of 1946</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_contribution_to_the_Manhattan_Project&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="British contribution to the Manhattan Project — pagină inexistentă">British contribution</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chicago_Pile-1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Chicago Pile-1 — pagină inexistentă">Chicago Pile-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demon_core&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Demon core — pagină inexistentă">Demon core</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Einstein%E2%80%93Szil%C3%A1rd_letter&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Einstein–Szilárd letter — pagină inexistentă">Einstein–Szilárd letter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Interim_Committee&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Interim Committee — pagină inexistentă">Interim Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppenheimer_security_hearing&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Oppenheimer security hearing — pagină inexistentă">Oppenheimer security hearing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutoniu" title="Plutoniu">Plutoniu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quebec_Agreement&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Quebec Agreement — pagină inexistentă">Quebec Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RaLa_Experiment&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="RaLa Experiment — pagină inexistentă">RaLa Experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S-1_Executive_Committee&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="S-1 Executive Committee — pagină inexistentă">S-1 Executive Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S-50_(Manhattan_Project)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="S-50 (Manhattan Project) — pagină inexistentă">S-50 Project</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smyth_Report&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Smyth Report — pagină inexistentă">Smyth Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uraniu" title="Uraniu">Uraniu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=X-10_Graphite_Reactor&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="X-10 Graphite Reactor — pagină inexistentă">X-10 Graphite Reactor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Symbol_category_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Categorie"><img alt="Categorie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/24px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/32px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Categorie:Proiectul_Manhattan" title="Categorie:Proiectul Manhattan">Proiectul Manhattan</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7fc6d989‐f4qf8 Cached time: 20241028140148 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.195 seconds Real time usage: 0.539 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 854/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 33374/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 487/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20685/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.068/10.000 seconds Lua 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