CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["gov-bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"ac1e88bca1",applicationID:"93306740"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.285.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},5217:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>m,gD:()=>v,xN:()=>h});r(860).K7.genericEvents;const n="experimental.marks",i="experimental.measures",o="experimental.resources",a=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var s=r(2614),c=r(944),u=r(384),l=r(8122);const d="[data-nr-mask]",f=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(i)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:s.wk,inactiveMs:s.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){a(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(d):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=d:(0,c.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){a(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,c.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,c.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},g={},p="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function m(e){if(!e)throw new Error(p);if(!g[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return g[e]}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(p);g[e]=(0,l.a)(t,f());const r=(0,u.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=g[e])}function v(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(p);var r=m(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>d});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},l={};function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!l[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");l[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(l[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(l[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=l[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.285.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>l,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},3241:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(6154);const i="newrelic";function o(e={}){try{n.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(i,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>d,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};l(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function d(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(l(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},l={},d=!1;try{d=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=m(e),l=c.length,d=0;d<l;d++)c[d].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:h,listeners:m,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:d?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:d};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=m(e).concat(t)}function m(e){return n[e]||[]}function h(t){return l[t]=l[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),l=(0,n.Zm)();l.ee||(l.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5701:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{B:()=>a,t:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(3241);const o=new Set,a={};function s(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);a[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(o.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),a[t]=e,o.add(t),(0,i.W)({agentIdentifier:t,loaded:!0,type:"lifecycle",name:"load",feature:void 0,data:e})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>l,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>d});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function l(e,t){a()[e]=t}function d(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];l(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return l(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,l,d;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],l="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],l],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],l,c);try{return d=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],l,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,d],l,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function l(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A$:()=>o,ET:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o={OFF:0,ERROR:1,WARN:2,INFO:3,DEBUG:4,TRACE:5},a="log";n.K7.logging},8154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{z_:()=>o,XG:()=>s,TZ:()=>n,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a});r(6154),r(9566),r(384);const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>V});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),l=r(6154),d=r(944),f=r(8154),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),R=r(3434);const A=new Map;function E(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,d.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,R.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[R.Jt]||t[r];return A.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>A.get(c))),i}var _=r(3241),x=r(5701);function N(){const e=(0,g.pV)();m.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,d.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const k={};function I(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const m={};var w=s.ee.get(e),R=w.get("tracer");k[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{k[e]=t}));var A="api-",N=A+"ixn-";function I(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),S(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}m.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,v.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},m.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),E(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},h.forEach((e=>{m[e]=S(A,e,!0,"api")})),m.addPageAction=S(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.recordCustomEvent=S(A,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,S(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},m.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return I(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,d.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,d.R)(39,typeof e)},m.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return I("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,d.R)(41,typeof e)},m.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return I("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,d.R)(42,typeof e)},m.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,d.R)(23,e)}},m[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const j=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(N+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(R.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw R.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{R.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function S(t,r,i,o){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+r+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,_.W)({agentIdentifier:e,loaded:!!x.B?.[e],type:"data",name:"api",feature:t+r,data:{notSpa:i,bufferGroup:o}}),o&&(0,a.p)(t+r,[i?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],i?null:this,o,w),i?void 0:this}}function O(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,d.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{j[e]=S(N,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),m.setCurrentRouteName=g?S(N,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):S(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),m.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!k[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},l.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>O()),!0):O(),m}var T=r(5217),j=r(8122);const S={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},O={};const P=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let K=!1;function V(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:d={},exposed:f=!0}=t;d.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,T.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");O[e]=(0,j.a)(t,S);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=O[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},l.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const m=(0,T.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),h=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];K||(m.proxy.assets&&(P(m.proxy.assets),h.push(m.proxy.assets)),m.proxy.beacon&&h.push(m.proxy.beacon),N(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",x.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===m.soft_navigations.enabled&&m.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),d.denyList=[...m.ajax.deny_list||[],...m.ajax.block_internal?h:[]],d.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,d),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=I(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),K||(0,_.W)({agentIdentifier:e.agentIdentifier,loaded:!!x.B?.[e.agentIdentifier],type:"lifecycle",name:"initialize",feature:void 0,data:{init:m,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:d}}),K=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>l,K7:()=>c,P3:()=>u,XX:()=>i,Yy:()=>s,df:()=>o,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s="browser/logs",c={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},u={[c.pageViewEvent]:1,[c.pageViewTiming]:2,[c.metrics]:3,[c.jserrors]:4,[c.spa]:5,[c.ajax]:6,[c.sessionTrace]:7,[c.softNav]:8,[c.sessionReplay]:9,[c.logging]:10,[c.genericEvents]:11},l={[c.pageViewEvent]:a,[c.pageViewTiming]:n,[c.ajax]:n,[c.spa]:n,[c.softNav]:n,[c.metrics]:i,[c.jserrors]:i,[c.sessionTrace]:o,[c.sessionReplay]:o,[c.logging]:s,[c.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.285.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.285.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),l=0;l<u.length;l++){var d=u[l];if(d.getAttribute("src")==r||d.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=d;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-Aa+vt/G+VUnXF5imJD27xfBbG00pJRbxEVq24dgn/KfPYsDLKETEMkS7ezrIti3e/7t6va9a0PBrFlxSB0FCeA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={374:0,840:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.285.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.285.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(5217);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var l=i(7603);var d=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),m=i(384);const h=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function v(e){return!!(0,m.dV)().o.MO&&h(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(h(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return v(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class R extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var A=i(9908),E=i(2843),_=i(3878),x=i(782),N=i(1863);class k extends y{static featureName=x.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,x.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,A.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,_.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,A.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var I=i(8154);class T extends y{static featureName=I.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,I.TZ,t),p.RI&&document.addEventListener("securitypolicyviolation",(e=>{(0,A.p)(I.xV,["Generic/CSPViolation/Detected"],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,m.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(R),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,l.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,m.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[R,k,T],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta http-equiv="cleartype" content="on" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="/favicon/apple-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="/favicon/apple-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/favicon/apple-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/favicon/apple-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/favicon/apple-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/favicon/apple-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/favicon/apple-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/favicon/apple-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/favicon/apple-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="/favicon/android-icon-192x192.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="96x96" href="/favicon/favicon-96x96.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/favicon/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/favicon/ms-icon-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon/favicon.ico">  <script> WebFontConfig = { // typekit: { id: 'tcx2fnb' }, google: { families: ['Open Sans Condensed:300,300italic,700:latin,cyrillic-ext,latin-ext,cyrillic', 'Open Sans:400italic,700italic,400,700:latin,cyrillic-ext,latin-ext,cyrillic', 'Merriweather:900']} }; (function(d) { var wf = d.createElement('script'), s = d.scripts[0]; wf.src = 'https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/webfont/1.5.18/webfont.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(wf, s); })(document); </script> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/cyber-ict-security" hreflang="en" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/ru/cyber-ict-security" hreflang="ru" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/it/cyber/ict-security" hreflang="it" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/es/cyber-it-security" hreflang="es" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/de/cyber-ict-security" hreflang="de" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.osce.org/fr/cyber-ict-security" hreflang="fr" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Cyber/ICT Security" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The OSCE works in the area of cybersecurity by building confidence among participating States to reduce the risk of conflict and enhance cyber/ICT security." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/10_large_gallery/f/images/hires/c/1/77065.jpg?1517402943" /> <meta name="description" content="The OSCE works in the area of cybersecurity by building confidence among participating States to reduce the risk of conflict and enhance cyber/ICT security." /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.osce.org/cyber-ict-security" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.osce.org/cyber-ict-security" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@OSCE" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://www.osce.org/files/css/css_3639bfaaa2e223be310d6af1979733e5.css" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="https://www.osce.org/files/css/css_e0dab774cf667f4005875c7d3d7c7911.css" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="https://www.osce.org/files/css/css_2c30f76fa5b11a1d184d37017dadebda.css" /> <link href="/sites/default/themes/osce_tao/stylesheets/osce-tao.css?h=4849fb88cf9606cf661e31a6c418d23e" media="all" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <link href="/sites/default/themes/osce_tao/stylesheets/osce-tao.print.css?h=4849fb88cf9606cf661e31a6c418d23e" media="print" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <meta name="yandex-verification" content="1e978b0ff7fac12a" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.osce.org/files/js/js_1b47c970a492b2455b13d0e8cc2d7c52.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script>  <title>Cyber/ICT Security | OSCE</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/themes/osce_tao/javascript/libraries/modernizr.js"></script>  </head> <body class="not-front not-logged-in page-node node-type-page no-sidebars page-manager-active page-manager-page item-type-activities i18n-en tao"> <a id='skipnav' href='#content'>Skip navigation</a> <div class="site "> <div class="site--socialmedia--wrapper"> <div class="site--socialmedia"> <div class="panel-pane pane-social-media" > <h2 class="pane-title"><span><a href="/osce-social-media" title="List of all official OSCE social media accounts">Follow OSCE</a></span></h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="osce-fixed-social-media"><li class="facebook first"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/osce.org" title="Join OSCE on Facebook"><i class="icon-facebook"></i><span>Facebook</span></a></li> <li class="twitter"><a href="http://www.twitter.com/osce" title="Follow OSCE on Twitter"><i class="icon-twitter"></i><span>Twitter</span></a></li> <li class="youtube"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/osce" title="Watch OSCE on Youtube"><i class="icon-youtube"></i><span>YouTube</span></a></li> <li class="linkedin"><a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/osce" title="Connect OSCE on LinkedIn"><i class="icon-linkedin"></i><span>LinkedIn</span></a></li> <li class="soundcloud"><a href="http://www.soundcloud.com/osce" title="Listen to OSCE on SoundCloud"><i class="icon-soundcloud"></i><span>SoundCloud</span></a></li> <li class="instagram last"><a href="http://www.instagram.com/osceorg" title="Experience OSCE on Instagram"><i class="icon-instagram"></i><span>Instagram</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" role="presentation" class="site--mobile"> <div class="site--top"> <div class="site--multilingual-links"></div> <div class="site--ticker"> </div> </div> <div id="multilingual-mobile" style="display: none"> </div> <div class="site--header"> <div class="site--logo"> <div class="site--name-and-slogan logo--default"> <div class="logo media--print"> <img src="/sites/default/themes/osce_tao/images/logo%402x.png"/> </div> <p class="site--name media--screen"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home"><span>OSCE</span></a> </p> <div class="site--slogan">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</div> </div> </div> <div class="site--mobile--toggles"> <div class="site--navigation-toggle"> <a href="#navigation-mobile" title="Navigation"><i></i><span>Navigation</span></a> </div> <div class="site--search-toggle"> <a href="#search-mobile" title="Search"><i></i><span>Search</span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--overlay"> <div id="navigation-mobile"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-menu-main-navigation main-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title">Navigation</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/" title="" hreflang="en">Home</a></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/who-we-are" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Who we are</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/whatistheosce" hreflang="en">What is the OSCE?</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/participating-states" hreflang="en">Participating States</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/partners-for-cooperation" hreflang="en">Partners for Co-operation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/chairpersonship" hreflang="en">Chairpersonship</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/summits" hreflang="en">Summits</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/ministerial-councils" hreflang="en">Ministerial Councils</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/permanent-council" hreflang="en">Permanent Council</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation" hreflang="en">Forum for Security Co-operation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/leadership" hreflang="en">Leadership</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/related-bodies" hreflang="en">OSCE-related bodies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/funding-and-budget" hreflang="en">Funding and budget</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/history" hreflang="en">History</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded active-trail"><a href="/what-we-do" hreflang="en" class="has-children">What we do</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/arms-control" hreflang="en">Arms control</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/border-management" hreflang="en">Border management</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/combating-human-trafficking" hreflang="en">Combating trafficking in human beings</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/countering-terrorism" hreflang="en">Countering terrorism</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/conflict-prevention-and-resolution" hreflang="en">Conflict prevention and resolution</a></li> <li class="leaf active-trail"><a href="/cyber-ict-security" hreflang="en" class="active">Cyber/ICT Security</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/democratization" hreflang="en">Democratization</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/economic-activities" hreflang="en">Economic activities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/education" hreflang="en">Education</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/elections" hreflang="en">Elections</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/environmental-activities" hreflang="en">Environmental activities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/gender-equality" hreflang="en">Gender equality</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/good-governance" hreflang="en">Good governance</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/human-rights" hreflang="en">Human rights</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/media-freedom-and-development" hreflang="en">Media freedom and development</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/migration" hreflang="en">Migration</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/national-minority-issues" hreflang="en">National minority issues</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/policing" hreflang="en">Policing</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/reform-and-cooperation-in-the-security-sector" hreflang="en">Reform and co-operation in the security sector</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/roma-and-sinti" hreflang="en">Roma and Sinti</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/rule-of-law" hreflang="en">Rule of law</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/tolerance-and-nondiscrimination" hreflang="en">Tolerance and non-discrimination</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/youth" hreflang="en">Youth</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/sustainable-development-goals" class="menu-item-multiline" hreflang="en">#GLOBALGOALS - The OSCE and the Sustainable Development Goals</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/where-we-are" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Where we are</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/presence-in-albania" hreflang="en">Presence in Albania</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-bosnia-and-herzegovina" hreflang="en">Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-in-kosovo" hreflang="en">Mission in Kosovo</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-montenegro" hreflang="en">Mission to Montenegro</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-serbia" hreflang="en">Mission to Serbia</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-skopje" hreflang="en">Mission to Skopje</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-moldova" hreflang="en">Mission to Moldova</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/centre-in-ashgabat" hreflang="en">Centre in Ashgabat</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-astana" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Astana</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-bishkek" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Bishkek</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-dushanbe" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Dushanbe</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/project-coordinator-in-uzbekistan" hreflang="en">Project Co-ordinator in Uzbekistan</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/closed-field-operations" hreflang="en">Closed field operations</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/institutions-and-structures" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Institutions & structures</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="http://www.oscepa.org/" title="" hreflang="en">Parliamentary Assembly</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/hcnm" title="" hreflang="en">High Commissioner on National Minorities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/odihr" title="" hreflang="en">Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/representative-on-freedom-of-media" title="" hreflang="en">Representative on Freedom of the Media</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/cca" title="" hreflang="en">Court of Conciliation and Arbitration</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mg" title="" hreflang="en">Minsk Group</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/secretariat" title="" hreflang="en">Secretariat</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded last"><a href="/resources" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Resources</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/resources/csce-osce-key-documents" hreflang="en">CSCE/OSCE key documents</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/documents/decision-making-bodies" hreflang="en">Documents by the OSCE Decision-making bodies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/documents" title="" hreflang="en">Documents library</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/publications" title="" hreflang="en">Publications</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/press-releases" title="" hreflang="en">Press releases and news archive</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/multimedia" title="" hreflang="en">Multimedia</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/e-libraries" title="" hreflang="en">E-libraries</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/126378" title="" hreflang="en">Quarterly Selections</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/osce-social-media" hreflang="en">Social media</a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-menu-meta-navigation meta-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title">0Meta Navigation</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/press" hreflang="en">Newsroom</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/blog" hreflang="en">Blog</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/meetings-events" hreflang="en">Events</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/partnerships" hreflang="en">Partnerships</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/networks" hreflang="en">Networks</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/search/pages" hreflang="en">Search</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="search-mobile" class="site--search"> <gcse:searchbox-only></gcse:searchbox-only> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--desktop"> <div class="site--top"> <div class="site--multilingual-links"></div> <div class="site--ticker"> </div> </div> <div class="site--header--wrapper"> <div class="site--header"> <div class="site--logo"> <div class="site--name-and-slogan logo--default"> <div class="logo media--print"> <img src="/sites/default/themes/osce_tao/images/logo%402x.png"/> </div> <p class="site--name media--screen"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home"><span>OSCE</span></a> </p> <div class="site--slogan">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</div> </div> </div> <div class="site--meta"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-menu-meta-navigation meta-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title">0Meta Navigation</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/press" hreflang="en">Newsroom</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/blog" hreflang="en">Blog</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/meetings-events" hreflang="en">Events</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/partnerships" hreflang="en">Partnerships</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/networks" hreflang="en">Networks</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/search/pages" hreflang="en">Search</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--search"> <gcse:searchbox-only></gcse:searchbox-only> <a id="site--search-close" href="#">× Close search</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--navigation--wrapper"> <div class="site--navigation"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-menu-main-navigation main-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title">Navigation</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/" title="" hreflang="en">Home</a></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/who-we-are" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Who we are</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/whatistheosce" hreflang="en">What is the OSCE?</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/participating-states" hreflang="en">Participating States</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/partners-for-cooperation" hreflang="en">Partners for Co-operation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/chairpersonship" hreflang="en">Chairpersonship</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/summits" hreflang="en">Summits</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/ministerial-councils" hreflang="en">Ministerial Councils</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/permanent-council" hreflang="en">Permanent Council</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/forum-for-security-cooperation" hreflang="en">Forum for Security Co-operation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/leadership" hreflang="en">Leadership</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/related-bodies" hreflang="en">OSCE-related bodies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/funding-and-budget" hreflang="en">Funding and budget</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/history" hreflang="en">History</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded active-trail"><a href="/what-we-do" hreflang="en" class="has-children">What we do</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/arms-control" hreflang="en">Arms control</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/border-management" hreflang="en">Border management</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/combating-human-trafficking" hreflang="en">Combating trafficking in human beings</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/countering-terrorism" hreflang="en">Countering terrorism</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/conflict-prevention-and-resolution" hreflang="en">Conflict prevention and resolution</a></li> <li class="leaf active-trail"><a href="/cyber-ict-security" hreflang="en" class="active">Cyber/ICT Security</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/democratization" hreflang="en">Democratization</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/economic-activities" hreflang="en">Economic activities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/education" hreflang="en">Education</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/elections" hreflang="en">Elections</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/environmental-activities" hreflang="en">Environmental activities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/gender-equality" hreflang="en">Gender equality</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/good-governance" hreflang="en">Good governance</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/human-rights" hreflang="en">Human rights</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/media-freedom-and-development" hreflang="en">Media freedom and development</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/migration" hreflang="en">Migration</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/national-minority-issues" hreflang="en">National minority issues</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/policing" hreflang="en">Policing</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/reform-and-cooperation-in-the-security-sector" hreflang="en">Reform and co-operation in the security sector</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/roma-and-sinti" hreflang="en">Roma and Sinti</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/rule-of-law" hreflang="en">Rule of law</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/tolerance-and-nondiscrimination" hreflang="en">Tolerance and non-discrimination</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/youth" hreflang="en">Youth</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/sustainable-development-goals" class="menu-item-multiline" hreflang="en">#GLOBALGOALS - The OSCE and the Sustainable Development Goals</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/where-we-are" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Where we are</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/presence-in-albania" hreflang="en">Presence in Albania</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-bosnia-and-herzegovina" hreflang="en">Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-in-kosovo" hreflang="en">Mission in Kosovo</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-montenegro" hreflang="en">Mission to Montenegro</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-serbia" hreflang="en">Mission to Serbia</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-skopje" hreflang="en">Mission to Skopje</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mission-to-moldova" hreflang="en">Mission to Moldova</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/centre-in-ashgabat" hreflang="en">Centre in Ashgabat</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-astana" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Astana</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-bishkek" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Bishkek</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/programme-office-in-dushanbe" hreflang="en">Programme Office in Dushanbe</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/project-coordinator-in-uzbekistan" hreflang="en">Project Co-ordinator in Uzbekistan</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/closed-field-operations" hreflang="en">Closed field operations</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded"><a href="/institutions-and-structures" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Institutions & structures</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="http://www.oscepa.org/" title="" hreflang="en">Parliamentary Assembly</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/hcnm" title="" hreflang="en">High Commissioner on National Minorities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/odihr" title="" hreflang="en">Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/representative-on-freedom-of-media" title="" hreflang="en">Representative on Freedom of the Media</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/cca" title="" hreflang="en">Court of Conciliation and Arbitration</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/mg" title="" hreflang="en">Minsk Group</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/secretariat" title="" hreflang="en">Secretariat</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded last"><a href="/resources" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Resources</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/resources/csce-osce-key-documents" hreflang="en">CSCE/OSCE key documents</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/documents/decision-making-bodies" hreflang="en">Documents by the OSCE Decision-making bodies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/documents" title="" hreflang="en">Documents library</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/publications" title="" hreflang="en">Publications</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/press-releases" title="" hreflang="en">Press releases and news archive</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/multimedia" title="" hreflang="en">Multimedia</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/e-libraries" title="" hreflang="en">E-libraries</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/126378" title="" hreflang="en">Quarterly Selections</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/osce-social-media" hreflang="en">Social media</a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--breadcrumbs--wrapper"> <div class="site--breadcrumbs"> <div class="panel-pane pane-page-breadcrumb" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Home</a><span class="breadcrumbs-seperator"></span> <a href="/what-we-do">What we do</a><span class="breadcrumbs-seperator"></span> <span >Cyber/ICT Security</span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--content--wrapper"> <div class="site--content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-page-content" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="layout-content sidebar content-sidebar-top"> <div class="content--header"> <div class="rounded-shadow region-plain-box-temporary-b081a6d629df306004d1771e09446338"> <div class="rounded-shadow-background"> <div class="rounded-shadow-wrap-corner"> <div class="rounded-shadow-top-edge"> <div class="rounded-shadow-left"></div> <div class="rounded-shadow-right"></div> </div> <div class="rounded-shadow-left-edge"> <div class="rounded-shadow-right-edge clear-block"> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-bar osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-panels_mini osce-box-social_sharing_and_contextual_1"> <header class="osce-box-header"> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-2 pane-social-media-contextual-links" > <div class="pane-content">   </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-social-sharing" > <h2 class="pane-title"><span>Share</span></h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="osce-sharing-links"><li class="twitter first"><a href="http://twitter.com/share?text=Cyber%2FICT%20Security&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osce.org%2Fnode%2F261666" data-tracking-label="Cyber/ICT Security (en) [261666]" data-tracking-category="twitter"><i class="icon-twitter"></i><span>Share on Twitter</span></a></li> <li class="facebook"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?s=100&p[title]=Cyber%2FICT%20Security&p[summary]=&p[url]=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osce.org%2Fnode%2F261666" data-tracking-label="Cyber/ICT Security (en) [261666]" data-tracking-category="facebook"><i class="icon-facebook"></i><span>Share on Facebook</span></a></li> <li class="linkedin last"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osce.org%2Fnode%2F261666&mini=1&title=Cyber%2FICT%20Security" data-tracking-label="Cyber/ICT Security (en) [261666]" data-tracking-category="linkedin"><i class="icon-linkedin"></i><span>Share on LinkedIn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-lang-switch" > <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="osce-language-switch osce-language-switch-need-dropdown"><li class="node_translation_en active first active"><a href="/cyber-ict-security" title="Cyber/ICT Security" class="translation-link active active" hreflang="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ru"><a href="/ru/cyber-ict-security" title="Кибербезопасность/безопасность ИКТ" class="translation-link" hreflang="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr"><a href="/fr/cyber-ict-security" title="Cybersécurité/sécurité des TIC" class="translation-link" hreflang="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="node_translation_de"><a href="/de/cyber-ict-security" title="Cybersicherheit/IKT-Sicherheit" class="translation-link" hreflang="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="node_translation_it"><a href="/it/cyber/ict-security" title="Sicurezza informatica" class="translation-link" hreflang="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="node_translation_es last"><a href="/es/cyber-it-security" title="Seguridad cibernética y de las TIC" class="translation-link" hreflang="es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="panel-pane pane-banner" > <div class="pane-content"> What we do </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="rounded-shadow-bottom-edge"> <div class="rounded-shadow-left"></div><div class="rounded-shadow-right"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content--sidebar-top"> <div class="panel-pane pane-views pane-logo" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="view view-logo view-id-logo view-display-id-default view-dom-id-logo-default"> <div class="view-empty"> <div style="display: none"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-menu-what-we-do" > <div class="pane-content"> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-black osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-block osce-box-menu-menu-whatwedo"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><a href="/what-we-do" class="" >What We Do</a></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <ul class="menu"><li class="collapsed first"><a href="/arms-control" title="Arms control" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Arms control</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/border-management" title="Border management" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Border management</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/combating-human-trafficking" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Combating trafficking in human beings</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/countering-terrorism" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Countering terrorism</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/conflict-prevention-and-resolution" title="" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Conflict prevention and resolution</a></li> <li class="expanded active-trail"><a href="/cyber-ict-security" hreflang="en" class="has-children active">Cyber/ICT Security</a><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first last"><a href="/secretariat/cyber-ict-security" hreflang="en">Secretariat</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/democratization" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Democratization </a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/economic-activities" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Economic activities</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/education" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Education</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/elections" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Elections</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/environmental-activities" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Environmental activities</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/gender-equality" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Gender equality</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/good-governance" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Good governance</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/human-rights" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Human rights</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/media-freedom-and-development" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Media freedom and development</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/migration" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Migration</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/national-minority-issues" hreflang="en" class="has-children">National minority issues</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/policing" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Policing</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/reform-and-cooperation-in-the-security-sector" title="" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Reform and co-operation in the security sector</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/roma-and-sinti" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Roma and Sinti</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/rule-of-law" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Rule of law</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/tolerance-and-nondiscrimination" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Tolerance and non-discrimination</a></li> <li class="collapsed last"><a href="/youth" hreflang="en" class="has-children">Youth</a></li> </ul> </div> </aside> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content--content"> <h1>Cyber/ICT Security</h1><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-teaser-photo" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure-full osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-image-hi-res" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-filefield field-field-image-hi-res"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/10_large_gallery/f/images/hires/c/1/77065.jpg?1517402943" alt="" title="" width="940" height="508" class="imagecache imagecache-10_large_gallery imagecache-default imagecache-10_large_gallery_default"/> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-photo-caption display-inline" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-photo-caption"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> The server room at CERN </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> (Torkild Retvedt) </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-description" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-description"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> The OSCE plays an important role in enhancing cyber/ICT (Information Communication Technologies) security, in particular by reducing the risks of conflict between states stemming from the use of ICTs. A key concern in this respect is to operationalize pertinent UN guidance by Groups of Governmental Experts on the regional level. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-node-body node-content html-formatted" > <div class="pane-content"> <p>Many states are investing in offensive and defensive ICT capabilities, adding a complex dimension to interstate relations. Such capabilities can range from reconnaissance and information operations, to the disruption of critical networks and services or control and command abilities.  </p> <p>The unique characteristics of ICTs have considerably increased the potential for misperceptions, miscalculations and even tensions between states as they grapple with questions of intent, attribution, rules and norms.  </p> <p>In response, OSCE participating States are working on confidence-building measures (CBMs) to reduce the risks of conflict stemming from the use of ICTs. They are designed to make cyberspace more predictable and offer concrete <a class="external-link" href="/pc/227281" rel="nofollow">tools and mechanisms</a> to avoid misunderstandings, including:</p> <ul> <li>A mechanism to bring together states for consultations over potential cyber/ICT security incidents to de-escalate rising tensions;</li> <li>A platform for exchanging views, national cyber/ICT security policies and approaches to allow states to better “read” each other’s intentions in cyberspace; and</li> <li>Concrete work items, for instance to protect ICT-enabled critical infrastructure, allowing participating States to collectively enhance cyber resilience in the OSCE region for the benefit of all.</li> </ul> <p>In addition to the cyber/ICT security CBMs, the OSCE and its institutions also focus on tackling cyber/ICT security threats from non-state actors, such as <a class="external-link" href="/secretariat/policing" rel="nofollow">organized criminals</a> and <a class="external-link" href="/secretariat/107810" rel="nofollow">terrorists</a>.  A key emphasis here is on promoting adequate and timely responses by national authorities to these evolving threats, ranging from better forensics to innovative approaches to prevent ICTs from becoming tactical facilitators for terrorists.</p> </div> </div> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-views_panes osce-box-node_latest_stories-panel_pane_3 osce-borderless"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">What we do</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Featured</span></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="view view-node-latest-stories view-id-node_latest_stories view-display-id-panel_pane_3 view-dom-id-e465ddccd83b9eb1168ffad6374abc48"> <div class="view-content"> <div class=""> <div class="osce-slick osce-slick-related-stories" data-slick-config="related-stories" id="" data-slick-navigates=""> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-0"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-4"> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://www.csis.org/podcasts/inside-cyber-diplomacy/implementing-cyber-confidence-building-measures"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/content-ref/5/2/539912.png?1679905778" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-3"> <span class="field-content">Implementing Cyber Confidence-Building Measures</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content"></div> </div> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://www.csis.org/podcasts/inside-cyber-diplomacy/implementing-cyber-confidence-building-measures">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-1"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-4"> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://elearning.osce.org/courses/course-v1:OSCE+TNTD-CYBERCVD+2022_04/about"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/content-ref/8/5/525465.jpeg?1662562640" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-3"> <span class="field-content">OSCE cyber/ICT security CBM 16: Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content"></div> </div> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://elearning.osce.org/courses/course-v1:OSCE+TNTD-CYBERCVD+2022_04/about">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-2"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-4"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/blog/confronting-the-challenges-of-working-in-cyberspace"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/content-ref/3/a/499684.png?1633418236" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-3"> <span class="field-content">Confronting the challenges of working in cyberspace</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content"></div> </div> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/blog/confronting-the-challenges-of-working-in-cyberspace">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-3"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-4"> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://bit.ly/3tqF8EK"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/content-ref/5/1/483782.png?1618585748" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-3"> <span class="field-content">E-learning course: OSCE Cyber/ICT security Confidence-Building Measures</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">Enroll now!</div> </div> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://bit.ly/3tqF8EK">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-4"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-4"> <span class="field-content"><a href="http://bit.ly/1UUHQNa"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/content-ref/9/a/226661.png?1517305950" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-3"> <span class="field-content">Milestones - Cyber/ICT security: building confidence</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">From OSCE Security Community Magazine, 2/2014</div> </div> <div class="views-field-field-item-source-url-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="http://bit.ly/1UUHQNa">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-views_panes osce-box-taxonomy_stories-panel_pane_2 osce-borderless"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Cyber/ICT Security</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Stories</span><a href="/stories?=1106" class="link-see-all" >See all</a></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="view view-taxonomy-stories view-id-taxonomy_stories view-display-id-panel_pane_2 view-dom-id-5548c0f78df3f5b3c233f109ea3ef226"> <div class="view-content"> <div class=""> <div class="osce-slick osce-slick-related-stories" data-slick-config="related-stories" id="" data-slick-navigates=""> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-0"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-path"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/mission-to-serbia/570774 "><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/hires/d/f/570777.png?1718273315" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Engaging youth to forge a robust future for cybersecurity in Serbia</span> </div> <div class="views-field-view-node"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/mission-to-serbia/570774">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-1"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-path"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/cyber-security-awareness-month "><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/hires/6/d/466806.png?1602501618" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">OSCE Cyber Security Awareness Month</span> </div> <div class="views-field-view-node"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/cyber-security-awareness-month">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-2"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-path"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/ukraine/270776 "><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/hires/4/4/270976.JPG?1567671686" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">To serve and to protect: The OSCE trains the next generation of Ukraine’s cyber police</span> </div> <div class="views-field-view-node"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/ukraine/270776">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-3"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-path"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/mission-to-serbia/170361 "><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/hires/5/e/170336.jpg?1517409329" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Serbia’s efforts to respond to cyber security threats</span> </div> <div class="views-field-view-node"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/mission-to-serbia/170361">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" slick-row slick-row-4"><div class="osce-figure-wrapper osce-figure- osce-figure-captioned"> <div class="osce-figure"> <div class="osce-figure-content"> <div class="views-field-path"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/secretariat/106324 "><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/30_small/f/images/hires/c/1/77065.jpg?1517402943" alt="" title="" width="300" height="200" class="imagecache imagecache-30_small imagecache-default imagecache-30_small_default"/></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-figure-caption"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Cyber/ICT security</span> </div> <div class="views-field-view-node"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/secretariat/106324">More info...</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="osce-box osce-grid-3col osce-grid-bordered osce-box-borderless osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-content_field osce-box-field_content_refs"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Cyber/ICT Security</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Highlights</span></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-content-refs"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-cref-pnlz-default" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/cyber-security-awareness-month"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/41_xsmall_panorama/f/images/hires/6/d/466806.png?1602501618" alt="OSCE Cyber Security Awareness Month (OSCE)" title="OSCE Cyber Security Awareness Month (OSCE)" width="181" height="84" class="imagecache imagecache-41_xsmall_panorama"/></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source content-ref-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/cyber-security-awareness-month">OSCE Cyber Security Awareness Month</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-cref-pnlz-default" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="https://www.osce.org/secretariat/490955"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/41_xsmall_panorama/f/images/hires/2/9/490958.jpg?1624546391" alt="The 3rd Inter-Regional Conference on Cyber/ICT Security, held in Vienna in a virtual setting on 22 and 23 June 2021. (OSCE)" title="The 3rd Inter-Regional Conference on Cyber/ICT Security, held in Vienna in a virtual setting on 22 and 23 June 2021. (OSCE)" width="181" height="84" class="imagecache imagecache-41_xsmall_panorama"/></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source content-ref-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/secretariat/490955">Cyber/ICT security between OSCE and Asian regions focus of OSCE and Republic of Korea-hosted discussion</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-cref-pnlz-default" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/secretariat/383376"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/41_xsmall_panorama/Live%20with%20OSCE%20experts%20-%20Cyber.png?1528108814" alt="Ben Hiller, Cyber Security Officer at the OSCE, discusses the current cyber threats and how diplomacy can play a crucial role in preventing unintended cyber conflicts." title="Ben Hiller, Cyber Security Officer at the OSCE, discusses the current cyber threats and how diplomacy can play a crucial role in preventing unintended cyber conflicts." width="181" height="84" class="imagecache imagecache-41_xsmall_panorama"/></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source content-ref-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/secretariat/383376">OSCE Experts: Cyber/ICT Security</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-description content-ref-description" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-description"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> Ben Hiller, Cyber Security Officer at the OSCE, discusses the current cyber threats and how diplomacy can play a crucial role in preventing unintended cyber conflicts. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-cref-pnlz-default" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/secretariat/226046"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/41_xsmall_panorama/f/images/hires/5/e/226051.png?1517410886" alt="Cyber security video cover image (OSCE)" title="Cyber security video cover image (OSCE)" width="181" height="84" class="imagecache imagecache-41_xsmall_panorama"/></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source content-ref-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/secretariat/226046">Video on promoting peace in cyberspace: The OSCE experience</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-cref-pnlz-default" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/cio/299291"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/41_xsmall_panorama/f/images/hires/d/a/299286.png?1517413052" alt="cover for the Infographic OSCE Cyber/ICT Security (OSCE)" title="cover for the Infographic OSCE Cyber/ICT Security (OSCE)" width="181" height="84" class="imagecache imagecache-41_xsmall_panorama"/></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source content-ref-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="/cio/299291">Infographic: OSCE Cyber/ICT Security</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-description content-ref-description" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-description"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> Infographic on OSCE's efforts in Cyber/ICT security. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-cref-pnlz-default" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="https://youtu.be/FwKCUaKrYss"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/41_xsmall_panorama/f/images/content-ref/8/8/300566.JPG?1517306179" alt="15 February 2017, Vienna, Austria." title="15 February 2017, Vienna, Austria." width="181" height="84" class="imagecache imagecache-41_xsmall_panorama"/></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-item-source content-ref-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-item-source"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <a href="https://youtu.be/FwKCUaKrYss">Cyber Security for Critical Infrastructure: Strengthening Confidence Building in the OSCE</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-content-field pane-field-description content-ref-description" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-description"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> 15 February 2017, Vienna, Austria. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-views_panes osce-box-node_multimedia-panel_pane_1 osce-borderless osce-box-empty"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">What we do</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Video & Photography</span></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="view view-node-multimedia view-id-node_multimedia view-display-id-panel_pane_1 view-dom-id-22f00bdfaca59a4030ad831ce0848a92"> <div class="view-empty"> <div style="display: none"></div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-key-resources-activities-only key-resources" > <div class="pane-content"> <aside class="osce-box osce-grid-wide osce-grid-bordered osce-box-borderless osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-content_field osce-box-field_links"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Cyber/ICT Security</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Key Resources</span></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="field field-type-link field-field-links"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/secretariat/555999"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/9/a/556014_0.png?1698062790" alt="cover: 10 Years of OSCE Cyber/ICT Security Confidence-Building Measures (OSCE)" title="cover: 10 Years of OSCE Cyber/ICT Security Confidence-Building Measures (OSCE)" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/secretariat/555999" title="cover: 10 Years of OSCE Cyber/ICT Security Confidence-Building Measures (OSCE)" class="title">10 Years of OSCE Cyber/ICT Security Confidence-Building Measures</a> </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Brochure </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first last"><a href="/files/f/documents/f/7/555999_1.pdf" title="10 Years of OSCE Cyber/ICT Security Confidence-Building Measures" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="555999" data-tnid="555999" data-title="10 Years of OSCE Cyber/ICT Security Confidence-Building Measures" data-language="en">English</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/secretariat/539108"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/6/e/539105.png?1679050960" alt="cover: Emerging Practices in Cybersecurity-Related Public-Private Partnerships and Collaboration in OSCE participating States (OSCE)" title="cover: Emerging Practices in Cybersecurity-Related Public-Private Partnerships and Collaboration in OSCE participating States (OSCE)" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/secretariat/539108" title="cover: Emerging Practices in Cybersecurity-Related Public-Private Partnerships and Collaboration in OSCE participating States (OSCE)" class="title">Emerging Practices in Cybersecurity-Related Public-Private Partnerships and Collaboration in OSCE participating States</a> </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Study / report </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first"><a href="/files/f/documents/2/7/539108_0.pdf" title="Emerging Practices in Cybersecurity-Related Public-Private Partnerships and Collaboration in OSCE participating States" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="539108" data-tnid="539108" data-title="Emerging Practices in Cybersecurity-Related Public-Private Partnerships and Collaboration in OSCE participating States" data-language="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ar last"><a href="/files/f/documents/f/b/557043.pdf" title="الممارسات الناشئة في الشراكات والتعاون بين القطاعين العام والخاص المتعلقة بالأمن السيبراني في الدول المشاركة في منظمة الأمن والتعاون في أوروبا" class="translation-link" hreflang="ar" data-nid="557043" data-tnid="539108" data-title="Emerging Practices in Cybersecurity-Related Public-Private Partnerships and Collaboration in OSCE participating States" data-language="ar">العربية</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/secretariat/530293"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/a/6/530281_0.jpg?1667566729" alt="Cyber Incident Classification: A Report on Emerging Practices within the OSCE region (OSCE)" title="Cyber Incident Classification: A Report on Emerging Practices within the OSCE region (OSCE)" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/secretariat/530293" title="Cyber Incident Classification: A Report on Emerging Practices within the OSCE region (OSCE)" class="title">Cyber Incident Classification: A Report on Emerging Practices within the OSCE region</a> </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Study / report </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first last"><a href="/files/f/documents/6/5/530293_1.pdf" title="Cyber Incident Classification: A Report on Emerging Practices within the OSCE region" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="530293" data-tnid="530293" data-title="Cyber Incident Classification: A Report on Emerging Practices within the OSCE region" data-language="en">English</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/cio/288086"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/c/2/116945_2.png?1687345016" alt="OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" title="OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/cio/288086" title="OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" class="title">Ministerial Council Decision No.5/16 </a> </div> <div class="link-description"> OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from... </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Statement / speech </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first"><a href="/files/f/documents/2/8/288086.pdf" title="Decision No.5/16 - OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="288086" data-tnid="288086" data-title="Decision No.5/16 - OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" data-language="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ru"><a href="/files/f/documents/8/9/290396.pdf" title="Усилия ОБСЕ по сокращению рисков возникновения конфликтов в результате использования информационных и коммуникационных технологий" class="translation-link" hreflang="ru" data-nid="290396" data-tnid="288086" data-title="Decision No.5/16 - OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" data-language="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr"><a href="/files/f/documents/0/f/290381.pdf" title="Décision no 5/16 efforts de l’OSCE liés à la réduction des risques de conflit découlant de l’utilisation des technologies de l’information et des communications" class="translation-link" hreflang="fr" data-nid="290381" data-tnid="288086" data-title="Decision No.5/16 - OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" data-language="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="node_translation_de"><a href="/files/f/documents/4/e/290386.pdf" title="Beschluss Nr. 5/16 - OSZE-Bemühungen im Zusammenhang mit der Verminderung der Konfliktrisiken, die sich aus dem Einsatz von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien ergeben" class="translation-link" hreflang="de" data-nid="290386" data-tnid="288086" data-title="Decision No.5/16 - OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" data-language="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="node_translation_it"><a href="/files/f/documents/8/e/290391.pdf" title="Decision No.5/16 - OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" class="translation-link" hreflang="it" data-nid="290391" data-tnid="288086" data-title="Decision No.5/16 - OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" data-language="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="node_translation_es last"><a href="/files/f/documents/2/f/290401.pdf" title="Decision No.5/16 - OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" class="translation-link" hreflang="es" data-nid="290401" data-tnid="288086" data-title="Decision No.5/16 - OSCE Efforts Related to Reducing the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies" data-language="es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/secretariat/256071"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/7/5/579439.jpg?1730200624" alt="Cover on the Cyber/ICT Factsheet (OSCE)" title="Cover on the Cyber/ICT Factsheet (OSCE)" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/secretariat/256071" title="Cover on the Cyber/ICT Factsheet (OSCE)" class="title">Factsheet on Cyber/ICT Security</a> </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Factsheet </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first last"><a href="/files/f/documents/c/c/256071_0.pdf" title="Factsheet on Cyber/ICT Security" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="256071" data-tnid="256071" data-title="Factsheet on Cyber/ICT Security" data-language="en">English</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item even"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/pc/227281"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/c/2/116945_2.png?1687345016" alt="Permanent Council Decision No. 1202" title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1202" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/pc/227281" title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1202" class="title">OSCE confidence-building measures to reduce the risks of conflict stemming from the use of ICT</a> </div> <div class="link-description"> Permanent Council Decision No. 1202 </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Decision / declaration </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first"><a href="/files/f/documents/d/a/227281.pdf" title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1202" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="227281" data-tnid="227281" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1202" data-language="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ru"><a href="/files/f/documents/e/4/228521.pdf" title="Решение № 1202 Постоянного совета" class="translation-link" hreflang="ru" data-nid="228521" data-tnid="227281" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1202" data-language="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr"><a href="/files/f/documents/4/6/228491.pdf" title="Décision No 1202 du Conseil permanent" class="translation-link" hreflang="fr" data-nid="228491" data-tnid="227281" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1202" data-language="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="node_translation_de"><a href="/files/f/documents/9/f/228501.pdf" title="Beschluss Nr. 1202 des Ständigen Rates" class="translation-link" hreflang="de" data-nid="228501" data-tnid="227281" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1202" data-language="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="node_translation_it"><a href="/files/f/documents/2/9/228511.pdf" title="Decisione N.1202 del Consiglio permanente" class="translation-link" hreflang="it" data-nid="228511" data-tnid="227281" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1202" data-language="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="node_translation_es last"><a href="/files/f/documents/1/9/228531.pdf" title="Decisión Nº 1202 del Consejo Permanente" class="translation-link" hreflang="es" data-nid="228531" data-tnid="227281" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1202" data-language="es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="link-item"> <div class="link-item-link"> <a href="/pc/109168"><div class="osce-figure"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/50_thumb/f/images/hires/c/2/116945_2.png?1687345016" alt="Permanent Council Decision No. 1106" title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1106" width="75" height="100" class="imagecache imagecache-50_thumb"/></div></a><a href="/pc/109168" title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1106" class="title">Initial set of OSCE confidence-building measures to reduce the risks of conflict stemming from the use of ICT</a> </div> <div class="link-description"> Permanent Council Decision No. 1106 </div> <div class="link-item-type"> <span> Decision / declaration </span> </div> <div class="link-translations"> <ul class="links"><li class="node_translation_en active first"><a href="/files/f/documents/d/1/109168.pdf" title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1106" class="translation-link active" hreflang="en" data-nid="109168" data-tnid="109168" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1106" data-language="en">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ru"><a href="/files/f/documents/0/a/109648.pdf" title="Решение № 1106 Постоянного совета" class="translation-link" hreflang="ru" data-nid="109648" data-tnid="109168" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1106" data-language="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="node_translation_fr"><a href="/files/f/documents/8/a/109641.pdf" title="Décision No 1106 du Conseil permanent" class="translation-link" hreflang="fr" data-nid="109641" data-tnid="109168" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1106" data-language="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="node_translation_de"><a href="/files/f/documents/e/c/109644.pdf" title="Beschluss Nr. 1106 des Ständigen Rates" class="translation-link" hreflang="de" data-nid="109644" data-tnid="109168" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1106" data-language="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="node_translation_it"><a href="/files/f/documents/8/9/109645.pdf" title="Decisione N.1106 del Consiglio permanente" class="translation-link" hreflang="it" data-nid="109645" data-tnid="109168" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1106" data-language="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="node_translation_es last"><a href="/files/f/documents/9/0/109650.pdf" title="Decisión Nº 1106 del Consejo Permanente" class="translation-link" hreflang="es" data-nid="109650" data-tnid="109168" data-title="Permanent Council Decision No. 1106" data-language="es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="panel-pane pane-button" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/resources/publications?filters=im_taxonomy_vid_3:(1106)" class="call2action">See all publications</a> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-button" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/resources/documents?filters=im_taxonomy_vid_3:(1106)" class="call2action">See all documents</a> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-button" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/resources/multimedia?filters=im_taxonomy_vid_3:(1106)" class="call2action">See all multimedia</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-panels_mini osce-box-activity_accordions"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Cyber/ICT Security</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>OSCE in Action</span></h2> <div class="osce-box-subtitle">Information and activities on Cyber/ICT Security from across the Organization.</div> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-gray osce-box-collapse-always osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-views_panes osce-box-taxonomy_pages-panel_pane_3 osce-box-collapse"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Institutions and Structures</span></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="view view-taxonomy-pages view-id-taxonomy_pages view-display-id-panel_pane_3 taxonomy-pages-institutions view-dom-id-48d636e597253e1470ae1cf65c368f50"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="osce-views-accordion osce-accordion-mobile-all osce-accordion-desktop-all"><div class="osce-accordion-section"> <div class="osce-accordion-title">OSCE Secretariat</div> <div class="osce-accordion-content"> <div class="osce-teaser osce-teaser--with-image"> <div class="osce-teaser--image"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/40_xsmall/f/images/hires/a/c/530305.jpg?1667401364" alt="" title="" width="205" height="138" class="imagecache imagecache-40_xsmall imagecache-default imagecache-40_xsmall_default"/></span> </div> </div> <div class="osce-teaser--text"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content">Cyber/ICT Security</span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">Information Communication Technologies (ICT) have become the very fibre that connects us in the modern world, and are a principal driver of economic and social growth.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/secretariat/cyber-ict-security">More about Cyber/ICT Security </a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-gray osce-box-collapse-always osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-views_panes osce-box-taxonomy_pages-panel_pane_2 osce-box-collapse"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Field Operations</span></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="view view-taxonomy-pages view-id-taxonomy_pages view-display-id-panel_pane_2 view-dom-id-a42f25ae880a9da39d8d5bbd802280bb"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="osce-views-accordion osce-accordion-mobile-all osce-accordion-desktop-all"> <div class="osce-accordion-section"> <div class="osce-accordion-title">OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina</div> <div class="osce-accordion-content"> <div class="views-field-field-image-hi-res-fid"> <span class="field-content"><img src="https://www.osce.org/files/imagecache/40_xsmall/f/images/hires/0/d/77061.jpg?1517402940" alt="" title="" width="205" height="138" class="imagecache imagecache-40_xsmall imagecache-default imagecache-40_xsmall_default"/></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-description-value"> <div class="field-content">The Mission assists Bosnia and Herzegovina to develop its cybersecurity mechanisms and policies, in view of relevant standards and commitments.</div> </div> <div class="views-field-title-1"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/mission-to-bosnia-and-herzegovina/cyber-ict-security">More about Cyber/ICT Security </a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </aside> </div> <div class="content--sidebar-bottom"> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-panels_mini osce-box-latest_news_activities osce-borderless"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Cyber/ICT Security</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Latest News</span><a href="http://feeds.osce.org/OSCELatestNews" class="rss-link" ><i class="icon icon-rss"></i></a></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="panel-pane pane-views pane-taxonomy-news" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="view view-taxonomy-news view-id-taxonomy_news view-display-id-embed_1 view-dom-id-33ef710968b7adfb0ec98748cba36763"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/secretariat/588080">Empowering women in cybersecurity focus of OSCE workshop in Sarajevo</a></span> </div> <span class="views-field-field-date-value"> <span class="field-content"><span class="date-display-single">26 March 2025</span></span> </span> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/secretariat/585571">OSCE cybersecurity points of contact from Eastern Europe, South-Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus visit the Netherlands</a></span> </div> <span class="views-field-field-date-value"> <span class="field-content"><span class="date-display-single">10 February 2025</span></span> </span> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-3 views-row-odd views-row-last"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/secretariat/585169">OSCE promotes classification system for cyber incidents to strengthen cyber security in Ukraine</a></span> </div> <span class="views-field-field-date-value"> <span class="field-content"><span class="date-display-single">30 January 2025</span></span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="view-footer"> <a href="/press-releases?filters=+im_taxonomy_vid_3:(1106)">View all News</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="osce-box osce-box-style-white osce-box-collapse-never osce-box-gridlayout-nogrid osce-box-views_panes osce-box-taxonomy_upcoming_events-panel_pane_2 osce-borderless osce-box-empty"> <header class="osce-box-header"> <div class="osce-box-label">Cyber/ICT Security</div> <h2 class="osce-box-title"><span>Events</span><a href="http://feeds.osce.org/OSCE-Events" class="rss-link" ><i class="icon icon-rss"></i></a></h2> </header> <div class="osce-box-content "> <div class="view view-taxonomy-upcoming-events view-id-taxonomy_upcoming_events view-display-id-panel_pane_2 view-dom-id-98dfb1d7d94766b82c4935cc8528b977"> <div class="view-empty"> <div style="display: none"></div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site--footer--wrapper"> <div class="site--footer"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-menu-footer-navigation footer--navigation" > <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/" hreflang="en">Home</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/contacts" hreflang="en">Contacts</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/contacts/report-wrongdoing" hreflang="en">Report wrongdoing</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about/sitemap" hreflang="en">Sitemap</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://jobs.osce.org/" hreflang="en">Employment</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/osce-social-media" hreflang="en">Social media</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about" hreflang="en">About this website</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://procurement.osce.org" hreflang="en">Procurement</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about/fraud-alert" hreflang="en">⚠️ Fraud Alert</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about/terms-of-use" hreflang="en">Terms of Use</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/contacts/webmaster" hreflang="en">Feedback</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-subscription footer--signup" > <h2 class="pane-title"><span>Subscribe to OSCE</span></h2> <div class="pane-content"> <form action="/cyber-ict-security" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post" id="osce-panes-get-subscription-sign-up-form"> <div><div class="form-item form-item-labeled" id="edit-email-wrapper"> <label for="edit-email">E-mail: </label> <input type="text" maxlength="128" name="email" id="edit-email" size="60" value="" class="form-text" /> </div> <input type="submit" name="op" id="edit-submit" value="Sign Up" class="form-submit" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" id="form-Bi4ydCp0IJrw9MLc7vt1XaSpY5YrT5MTkYPQCR16Fgs" value="form-Bi4ydCp0IJrw9MLc7vt1XaSpY5YrT5MTkYPQCR16Fgs" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" id="edit-osce-panes-get-subscription-sign-up-form" value="osce_panes_get_subscription_sign_up_form" /> </div></form> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-1 footer--follow-us" > <h2 class="pane-title"><span>Follow Us</span></h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="osce-social-media"> <li class="facebook first"> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/osce.org"> <i class="icon-facebook"></i> <span>Join us on Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li class="twitter"> <a href="http://www.twitter.com/osce"> <i class="icon-twitter"></i> <span>Follow us on Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li class="youtube"> <a href="http://www.youtube.com/osce"> <i class="icon-youtube"></i> <span>Join us on Youtube</span> </a> </li> <li class="linkedin"> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/osce"> <i class="icon-linkedin"></i> <span>Join us on LinkedIn</span> </a> </li> <li class="soundcloud"> <a href="https://soundcloud.com/osce"> <i class="icon-soundcloud"></i> <span>Join us on SoundCloud</span> </a> </li> <li class="instagram"> <a href="http://instagram.com/osceorg"> <i class="icon-instagram"></i> <span>Join us on Instagram</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-cio-logo footer--chairmanship" > <h2 class="pane-title">Chairmanship</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <a class="chairmanship-footer chairmanship-footer-2025" href="/chairmanship">Chairmanship</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"gov-bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"ac1e88bca1","applicationID":"93306740","transactionName":"MVRWbUFTWhBSAUZcCwgedVpHW1sNHBJTUgE5XFVXUlVREWwMXVEBOUddXEQ=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":3202,"atts":"HRNBGwlJSU8RAxAPHxtM","errorBeacon":"gov-bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>