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Mining Engineering Magazine - Mining Engineering Online - Official Publication of SME

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href="https://me.smenet.org/recent-legislation-and-executive-orders-focus-on-mineral-and-energy-development/" class="all-over-thumb-link" aria-label="Recent legislation and executive orders focus on mineral and energy development"></a><div class="thumb-overlay"> <span class="tie-icon tie-media-icon"></span> <span class="post-cat-wrap"><a class="post-cat tie-cat-252" href="https://me.smenet.org/category/industry-news/">Industry News</a></span><div class="thumb-content"><div class="thumb-meta"><span class="date meta-item tie-icon">1 week ago</span></div><h2 class="thumb-title"><a href="https://me.smenet.org/recent-legislation-and-executive-orders-focus-on-mineral-and-energy-development/">Recent legislation and executive orders focus on mineral and energy development</a></h2><div class="thumb-desc">The Unearth Innovation Act, a bipartisan bill that would boost critical mineral innovation while helping&hellip;</div><!-- .thumb-desc --></div> <!-- .thumb-content /--></div><!-- 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class="tie-row main-content-row"><div class="main-content tie-col-md-8 tie-col-xs-12" role="main"><div id="tie-block_1041" class="mag-box big-post-top-box two-columns-small-thumb has-custom-color has-custom-bg-color" data-current="1"><div class="container-wrapper"><div class="mag-box-title the-global-title"><h3> <a href="/tag/February-2025/">February 2025 - Feature Articles and Technical Abstracts</a></h3></div><!-- .mag-box-title /--><div class="mag-box-container clearfix"><ul class="posts-items posts-list-container"><li></li><li class="post-item tie-standard"> <a aria-label="A novel job similarity index for career transition in the mining industry" href="https://me.smenet.org/a-novel-job-similarity-index-for-career-transition-in-the-mining-industry/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://me.smenet.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2024/05/1200x600-technical-paper-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image 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