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Webb</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Patrick Webb"> <meta name="keywords" content="Patrick Webb"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Patrick Webb"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 192</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Patrick Webb</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Sources and Potential Ecological Risks of Heavy Metals in the Sediment Samples From Coastal Area in Ondo, Southwest Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ogundele%20Lasun%20Tunde">Ogundele Lasun Tunde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayeku%20Oluwagbemiga%20Patrick"> Ayeku Oluwagbemiga Patrick</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy metals are released into the sediments in aquatic environment from both natural and anthropogenic sources and they are considered as worldwide issue due to their deleterious ecological risks and food chain disruption. In this study, sediments samples were collected at three major sites (Awoye, Abereke and Ayetoro) along Ondo coastal area using VanVeen grab sampler. The concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn were determined by employing Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The combined concentrations data were subjected to Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor approach for source identification and apportionment. The probable risks that might be posed by heavy metals in the sediment were estimated by potential and integrated ecological risks indices. Among the measured heavy metals, Fe had the average concentrations of 20.38 ± 2.86, 23.56 ± 4.16 and 25.32 ± 4.83 lg/g at Abereke, Awoye and Ayetoro sites, respectively. The PMF resulted in identification of four sources of heavy metals in the sediments. The resolved sources and their percentage contributions were oil exploration (39%), industrial waste/sludge (35%), detrital process (18%) and Mn-sources (8%). Oil exploration activities and industrial wastes are the major sources that contribute heavy metals into the coastal sediments. The major pollutants that posed ecological risks to the local aquatic ecosystem are As, Pb, Cr and Cd (40 B Ei ≤ 80) classifying the sites as moderate risk. The integrate risks values of Awoye, Abereke and Ayetoro are 231.2, 234.0 and 236.4, respectively suggesting that the study areas had a moderate ecological risk. The study showed the suitability of PMF receptor model for source identification of heavy metals in the sediments. Also, the intensive anthropogenic activities and natural sources could largely discharge heavy metals into the study area, which may increase the heavy metal contents of the sediments and further contribute to the associated ecological risk, thus affecting the local aquatic ecosystem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20matrix%20factorization" title="positive matrix factorization">positive matrix factorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediments" title=" sediments"> sediments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sources" title=" sources"> sources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20risks" title=" ecological risks"> ecological risks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188368/sources-and-potential-ecological-risks-of-heavy-metals-in-the-sediment-samples-from-coastal-area-in-ondo-southwest-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> From Service Delivery Strikes to Anti-Immigrant March: A Paradigm Shift in the Post-Colonial Discourse of Politics of Belonging in the Twenty-First Century South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Israel%20Ekanade">Israel Ekanade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Molapo"> Richard Molapo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Dzimiri"> Patrick Dzimiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaac%20Ndlovu"> Isaac Ndlovu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to unravel the myth behind animosity towards foreign nationals in South Africa. Systemic violence against foreign African nationals since 2008 to date necessitates critical research with regards to migration issues connected to social upheavals. Extensive research ubiquitously tagged black-on-black violence as xenophobia or Afrophobia. In all, escalation of violence indicates a connotation of belonging. With unemployment rates approaching a crescendo, other vices have also soared in the same regard. As a result, this present generation seems cynical as the South African state has not fulfilled her obligations towards the indigent population; a situation pitching locals against foreigners. Locals have repeatedly blamed African foreign nationals for the economic downturn, using service delivery strikes to express their grievances. These strikes have continued unabatedly over the years but February 2017 marked a turning point in ‘insider-outsider’ relations as the strike was now turned to an anti-immigrant march resulting into widespread violence as the police failed to restore normalcy at some point. Over time, migration has been a harbinger of violence against the foreign black population in South Africa. Our paper encourages the state and civil society to invent new peace-building mechanisms to reduce xenophobic orchestrated violence. Our paper also contends that since the political class has hijacked the situation by using the youths for political propaganda during crises periods, a re-education of the political class and a culture of tolerance is inevitable for peace and harmony between locals and foreigners in post-apartheid South Africa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-immigrant%20march" title="anti-immigrant march">anti-immigrant march</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politics%20of%20belonging" title=" politics of belonging"> politics of belonging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20delivery%20strikes" title=" service delivery strikes"> service delivery strikes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title=" South Africa"> South Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71540/from-service-delivery-strikes-to-anti-immigrant-march-a-paradigm-shift-in-the-post-colonial-discourse-of-politics-of-belonging-in-the-twenty-first-century-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> How to Motivate Child to Loose Weight When He Is Not Aware That the Overweight Is a Real Problem: «KeepHealthyKids», Study Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daria%20Druzhinenko-%20Silhan">Daria Druzhinenko- Silhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Schmoll"> Patrick Schmoll</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Childhood obesity is one of the important problem in domain of health care. During two recent decades we are observing a real epidemic of this noninfectious illness. Its consequences are hard: cardio-vascular disease; diabetes; arthrosis etc. (OMS, 2012) Keep Healthy Kids » study aims to create a new system of accompanying of childhood obesity based on new technologies as mobile applications or serious video-games. We realize a support-study which aims to understand motivations, psychological dynamite and family's impact on weight-loss process in childhood. Sample: 65 children from 7 to 10 years old accompanied by special Care Center in France. Methodology: we proceed by an innovative approach that bases on quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. We focus our proposal on data collected from medical files. We are also realizing individual assessment (still ongoing) that aims to understand psychological profiles of obese children and their family dynamic. Results: Only 16,9% of children asked for medical accompanying of obesity. We noted that the most important reason to come to the care Center was the fact of mates' scoffs (46,2%°), the second one was the appearance or look (40 %). We found out that the self-image of these children in self-evaluation questionnaire was described mostly as rather good (46,2) or good (28,2%); the most part of children evaluated their well-being as rather good (29,7%) or good (51,4%). In interviews children had tendency to not recall why they came to the Care Center. Discussion : These results permit us to make a hypothesis that children suffering of overweight or obesity are not clearly aware why they must loose weight. It was rather the peer environment that pointed out the problem of overweight for them. So the motivation to loose weight is mostly supported by environment. We suppose that it is a « weak-point » of their motivation and it can be over-come using serious video-games supporting physical activity that can make deviate the motivation from « to loose weight for be looked better by the others » into « have fun and feeling me better ». <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=childhood%20obesity" title="childhood obesity">childhood obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight-loss" title=" weight-loss"> weight-loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serious%20video-game" title=" serious video-game"> serious video-game</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21170/how-to-motivate-child-to-loose-weight-when-he-is-not-aware-that-the-overweight-is-a-real-problem-keephealthykids-study-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21170.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> Using Contingency Valuation Approaches to Assess Community Benefits through the Use of Great Zimbabwe World Heritage Site as a Tourism Attraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nyasha%20Agnes%20Gurira">Nyasha Agnes Gurira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Ngulube"> Patrick Ngulube</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heritage as an asset can be used to achieve cultural and socio-economic development through its careful use as a tourist attraction. Cultural heritage sites, especially those listed as World Heritage sites generate a lot of revenue through their use as tourist attractions. According to article 5(a) of the World Heritage Convention, World Heritage Sites (WHS) must serve a function in the life of the communities. This is further stressed by the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) charter on cultural heritage tourism which recognizes the positive effects of tourism on cultural heritage and underlines that domestic and international tourism is among the foremost vehicles for cultural exchange, conservation should thus provide for responsible and well-managed opportunities for local communities. The inclusion of communities in the world heritage agenda identifies them as the owners of the heritage and partners in the management planning process. This reiterates the need to empower communities and enable them to participate in the decisions which relate to the use of their heritage divorcing from the ideals of viewing communities as beneficiaries from the heritage resource. It recognizes community ownership rights to cultural heritage an element enshrined in Zimbabwe’ national constitution. Through the use of contingency valuation approaches, by assessing the Willingness to pay for visitors at the site the research determined the tourism use value of Great Zimbabwe (WHS). It assessed the extent to which the communities at Great Zimbabwe (WHS) have been developed through the tourism use of the WHS. Findings show that the current management mechanism in place regards communities as stakeholders in the management of the WHS, their ownership and property rights are not fully recognized. They receive indirect benefits from the tourism use of the WHS. This paper calls for a shift in management approach where community ownership rights are fully recognized and more inclusive approaches are adopted to ensure that the goal of sustainable development is achieved. Pro-poor benefits of tourism are key to enhancing the livelihoods of communities and can only be achieved if their rights are recognized and respected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communities" title="communities">communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage%20tourism" title=" cultural heritage tourism"> cultural heritage tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=property%20ownership%20rights" title=" property ownership rights"> property ownership rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pro-poor%20benefits" title=" pro-poor benefits"> pro-poor benefits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=world%20heritage%20site" title=" world heritage site"> world heritage site</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81694/using-contingency-valuation-approaches-to-assess-community-benefits-through-the-use-of-great-zimbabwe-world-heritage-site-as-a-tourism-attraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81694.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> Performance Management in Higher Education: Lessons from Germany's New Public Management System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Oehler">Patrick Oehler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicholas%20Folger"> Nicholas Folger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Following a new public management approach, Germany has widely reformed its higher education system around the turn of the millennium. Aimed at preparing the country’s publicly funded universities and applied science colleges for a century of glory, the reforms led to the introduction of rigid performance measurement and management practices, which disrupted the inert system on all levels. Yet, many of the new policies met significant resistance, and some of them had to be reversed over time. Ever since Germany has struggled to find a balance between its pre- and its post-millennial approach to performance measurement and management. This contribution combines insights of a joint research project, which was created and funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research with the aim to better understand the effects of its performance measurement and management policies, including those the ministry had implemented over the previous decades. The research project combines researchers from 17 German research institutions who employed a wide range of theories from various disciplines and very diverse research methods to explain performance measurement and management and their consequences on the behavior of various stakeholders in higher education systems. In these projects, performance measurement and management have been researched from three angles—education, research, and third mission. The collaborative project differentiated functional and dysfunctional elements of common performance measurement and management practices, and identified key problems with these practices, such as (1) oversimplification of performance indicators, (2) ‘overmeasurement’ of performance in general, (3) excessive use of quantitative indicators, and (4), a myopic focus on research-focused indicators and a negligence of measures targeting education and third mission. To address these issues, the collaborative project developed alternative approaches to performance measurement and management, including suggestions for qualitative performance measures, improved supervision, review, and evaluations methods, and recommendations how to better balance education, research, and third mission. The authors would like to share the rich findings of the joint research project with an international audience and discuss their implications for alternative higher education systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20measurement" title="performance measurement">performance measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20management" title=" performance management"> performance management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20public%20management" title=" new public management"> new public management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20evaluation" title=" performance evaluation"> performance evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71104/performance-management-in-higher-education-lessons-from-germanys-new-public-management-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> The Moderating Role of Perceived University Environment in the Formation of Entrepreneurial Intention among Creative Industries Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Ebong%20Ebewo">Patrick Ebong Ebewo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The trend of high unemployment levels globally is a growing concern, which suggests that university students especially those studying the creative industries are most likely to face unemployment upon completion of their studies. Therefore the effort of university in fostering entrepreneurial knowledge is equally important to the development of student’s soft skill. The purpose of this paper is to assess the significance of perceived university environment and perceived educational support that influencing University students’ intention in starting their own business in the future. Thus, attempting to answer the question 'How does perceived university environment affect students’ attitude towards entrepreneurship as a career option, perceived entrepreneurial abilities, subjective norm and entrepreneurial intentions?' The study is based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour model adapted from previous studies and empirically tested on graduates at the Tshwane University of Technology. A sample of 150 graduates from the Arts and Design graduates took part in the study and data collected were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). Our findings seem to suggest the indirect impact of perceived university environment on entrepreneurial intention through perceived environment support and perceived entrepreneurial abilities. Thus, any increase in perceived university environment might influence students to become entrepreneurs. Based on these results, it is recommended that: (a) Tshwane University of Technology and other universities of technology should establish an ‘Entrepreneurship Internship Programme’ as a tool for stimulated work integrated learning. Post-graduation intervention could be implemented by the development of a ‘Graduate Entrepreneurship Program’ which should be embedded in the Bachelor of Technology (B-Tech now Advance Diploma) and Postgraduate courses; (b) Policymakers should consider the development of a coherent national policy framework that addresses entrepreneurship for the Arts/creative industries sector. This would create the enabling environment for the evolution of Higher Education Institutions from merely Teaching, Learning & Research to becoming drivers for creative entrepreneurship. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20venture" title="business venture">business venture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship%20education" title=" entrepreneurship education"> entrepreneurship education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurial%20intent" title=" entrepreneurial intent"> entrepreneurial intent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20environment" title=" university environment"> university environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64932/the-moderating-role-of-perceived-university-environment-in-the-formation-of-entrepreneurial-intention-among-creative-industries-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64932.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Measurement Technologies for Advanced Characterization of Magnetic Materials Used in Electric Drives and Automotive Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukasz%20Mierczak">Lukasz Mierczak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Denke"> Patrick Denke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Klimczyk"> Piotr Klimczyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefan%20Siebert"> Stefan Siebert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the high complexity of the magnetization in electrical machines and influence of the manufacturing processes on the magnetic properties of their components, the assessment and prediction of hysteresis and eddy current losses has remained a challenge. In the design process of electric motors and generators, the power losses of stators and rotors are calculated based on the material supplier’s data from standard magnetic measurements. This type of data does not include the additional loss from non-sinusoidal multi-harmonic motor excitation nor the detrimental effects of residual stress remaining in the motor laminations after manufacturing processes, such as punching, housing shrink fitting and winding. Moreover, in production, considerable attention is given to the measurements of mechanical dimensions of stator and rotor cores, whereas verification of their magnetic properties is typically neglected, which can lead to inconsistent efficiency of assembled motors. Therefore, to enable a comprehensive characterization of motor materials and components, Brockhaus Measurements developed a range of in-line and offline measurement technologies for testing their magnetic properties under actual motor operating conditions. Multiple sets of experimental data were obtained to evaluate the influence of various factors, such as elevated temperature, applied and residual stress, and arbitrary magnetization on the magnetic properties of different grades of non-oriented steel. Measured power loss for tested samples and stator cores varied significantly, by more than 100%, comparing to standard measurement conditions. Quantitative effects of each of the applied measurement were analyzed. This research and applied Brockhaus measurement methodologies emphasized the requirement for advanced characterization of magnetic materials used in electric drives and automotive applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20materials" title="magnetic materials">magnetic materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement%20technologies" title=" measurement technologies"> measurement technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent%20magnets" title=" permanent magnets"> permanent magnets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stator%20and%20rotor%20cores" title=" stator and rotor cores"> stator and rotor cores</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108419/measurement-technologies-for-advanced-characterization-of-magnetic-materials-used-in-electric-drives-and-automotive-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> A Serum- And Feeder-Free Culture System for the Robust Generation of Human Stem Cell-Derived CD19+ B Cells and Antibody-Secreting Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirsten%20Wilson">Kirsten Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20M.%20Brauer"> Patrick M. Brauer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Babic"> Sandra Babic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20Golubeva"> Diana Golubeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Van%20Eyk"> Jessica Van Eyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tinya%20Wang"> Tinya Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avanti%20Karkhanis"> Avanti Karkhanis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tim%20A.%20Le%20Fevre"> Tim A. Le Fevre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20I.%20Kokaji"> Andy I. Kokaji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allen%20C.%20Eaves"> Allen C. Eaves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharon%20A.%20Louis"> Sharon A. Louis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q="></a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nooshin%20Tabatabaei-Zavareh">Nooshin Tabatabaei-Zavareh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Long-lived plasma cells are rare, non-proliferative B cells generated from antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) following an immune response to protect the host against pathogen re-exposure. Despite their therapeutic potential, the lack of in vitro protocols in the field makes it challenging to use B cells as a cellular therapeutic tool. As a result, there is a need to establish robust and reproducible methods for the generation of B cells. To address this, we have developed a culture system for generating B cells from hematopoietic stem and/or progenitor cells (HSPCs) derived from human umbilical cord blood (CB) or pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). HSPCs isolated from CB were cultured using the StemSpan™ B Cell Generation Kit and produced CD19+ B cells at a frequency of 23.2 ± 1.5% and 59.6 ± 2.3%, with a yield of 91 ± 11 and 196 ± 37 CD19+ cells per input CD34+ cell on culture days 28 and 35, respectively (n = 50 - 59). CD19+IgM+ cells were detected at a frequency of 31.2 ± 2.6% and were produced at a yield of 113 ± 26 cells per input CD34+ cell on culture day 35 (n = 50 - 59). The B cell receptor loci of CB-derived B cells were sequenced to confirm V(D)J gene rearrangement. ELISpot analysis revealed that ASCs were generated at a frequency of 570 ± 57 per 10,000 day 35 cells, with an average IgM+ ASC yield of 16 ± 2 cells per input CD34+ cell (n = 33 - 42). PSC-derived HSPCs were generated using the STEMdiff™ Hematopoietic - EB reagents and differentiated to CD10+CD19+ B cells with a frequency of 4 ± 0.8% after 28 days of culture (n = 37, 1 embryonic and 3 induced pluripotent stem cell lines tested). Subsequent culture of PSC-derived HSPCs increased CD19+ frequency and generated ASCs from 1 - 2 iPSC lines. This method is the first report of a serum- and feeder-free system for the generation of B cells from CB and PSCs, enabling further B lineage-specific research for potential future clinical applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20cells" title="stem cells">stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B%20cells" title=" B cells"> B cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunology" title=" immunology"> immunology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematopoiesis" title=" hematopoiesis"> hematopoiesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSC" title=" PSC"> PSC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differentiation" title=" differentiation"> differentiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182989/a-serum-and-feeder-free-culture-system-for-the-robust-generation-of-human-stem-cell-derived-cd19-b-cells-and-antibody-secreting-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182989.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">58</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Supercooled Water in Nanoporous Confinement and Biological Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viktor%20Soprunyuk">Viktor Soprunyuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wilfried%20Schranz"> Wilfried Schranz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Huber"> Patrick Huber</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present work, we show that Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) with a measurement frequency range f= 0.2 - 100 Hz is a rather powerful technique for the study of phase transitions (freezing and melting) and glass transitions of water in geometrical confinement. Inserting water into nanoporous host matrices, like e.g. Gelsil (size of pores 2.6 nm and 5 nm) or Vycor (size of pores 10 nm) allows one to study size effects occurring at the nanoscale conveniently in macroscopic bulk samples. One obtains valuable insight concerning confinement induced changes of the dynamics by measuring the temperature and frequency dependencies of the complex Young's modulus Y* for various pore sizes. Solid-liquid transitions or glass-liquid transitions show up in a softening or the real part Y' of the complex Young's modulus, yet with completely different frequency dependencies. Analysing the frequency dependent imaginary part of the Young´s modulus in the glass transition regions for different pore sizes we find a clear-cut 1/d-dependence of the calculated glass transition temperatures which extrapolates to Tg(1/d=0)=136 K, in agreement with the traditional value of water. The results indicate that the main role of the pore diameter is the relative amount of water molecules that are near an interface within a length scale of the order of the dynamic correlation length x. Thus we argue that the observed strong pore size dependence of Tg is an interfacial effect, rather than a finite size effect. We obtained similar signatures of Y* near glass transitions in different biological objects (fruits, vegetables, and bread). The values of the activation energies for these biological materials in the region of glass transition are quite similar to the values of the activation energies of supercooled water in the nanoporous confinement in this region. The present work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF, project Nr. P 28672 – N36). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20systems" title="biological systems">biological systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquids" title=" liquids"> liquids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glasses" title=" glasses"> glasses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amorphous%20systems" title=" amorphous systems"> amorphous systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoporous%20materials" title=" nanoporous materials"> nanoporous materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transition" title=" phase transition"> phase transition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56486/dynamic-mechanical-analysis-of-supercooled-water-in-nanoporous-confinement-and-biological-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> A Concept for Flexible Battery Cell Manufacturing from Low to Medium Volumes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tim%20Giesen">Tim Giesen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raphael%20Adamietz"> Raphael Adamietz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pablo%20Mayer"> Pablo Mayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philipp%20Stiefel"> Philipp Stiefel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Alle"> Patrick Alle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dirk%20Schlenker"> Dirk Schlenker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The competitiveness and success of new electrical energy storages such as battery cells are significantly dependent on a short time-to-market. Producers who decide to supply new battery cells to the market need to be easily adaptable in manufacturing with respect to the early customers’ needs in terms of cell size, materials, delivery time and quantity. In the initial state, the required output rates do not yet allow the producers to have a fully automated manufacturing line nor to supply handmade battery cells. Yet there was no solution for manufacturing battery cells in low to medium volumes in a reproducible way. Thus, in terms of cell format and output quantity, a concept for the flexible assembly of battery cells was developed by the Fraunhofer-Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation. Based on clustered processes, the modular system platform can be modified, enlarged or retrofitted in a short time frame according to the ordered product. The paper shows the analysis of the production steps from a conventional battery cell assembly line. Process solutions were found by using I/O-analysis, functional structures, and morphological boxes. The identified elementary functions were subsequently clustered by functional coherences for automation solutions and thus the single process cluster was generated. The result presented in this paper enables to manufacture different cell products on the same production system using seven process clusters. The paper shows the solution for a batch-wise flexible battery cell production using advanced process control. Further, the performed tests and benefits by using the process clusters as cyber-physical systems for an integrated production and value chain are discussed. The solution lowers the hurdles for SMEs to launch innovative cell products on the global market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automation" title="automation">automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battery%20production" title=" battery production"> battery production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carrier" title=" carrier"> carrier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advanced%20process%20control" title=" advanced process control"> advanced process control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyber-physical%20system" title=" cyber-physical system"> cyber-physical system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79972/a-concept-for-flexible-battery-cell-manufacturing-from-low-to-medium-volumes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Hypertensive Response to Maximal Exercise Test in Young and Middle Age Hypertensive on Blood Pressure Lowering Medication: Monotherapy vs. Combination Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Patrick%20A.%20Diaz">James Patrick A. Diaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raul%20E.%20Ramboyong"> Raul E. Ramboyong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Hypertensive response during maximal exercise test provides important information on the level of blood pressure control and evaluation of treatment. Method: A single center retrospective descriptive study was conducted among 117 young (aged 20 to 40) and middle age (aged 40 to 65) hypertensive patients, who underwent treadmill stress test. Currently on maintenance frontline medication either monotherapy (Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/Angiotensin receptor blocker [ACEi/ARB], Calcium channel blocker [CCB], Diuretic - Hydrochlorthiazide [HCTZ]) or combination therapy (ARB+CCB, ARB+HCTZ), who attained a maximal exercise on treadmill stress test (TMST) with hypertensive response (systolic blood pressure: male >210 mm Hg, female >190 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure >100 mmHg, or increase of >10 mm Hg at any time during the test), on Bruce and Modified Bruce protocol. Exaggerated blood pressure response during exercise (systolic [SBP] and diastolic [DBP]), peak exercise blood pressure (SBP and DBP), recovery period (SBP and DBP) and test for ischemia and their antihypertensive medication/s were investigated. Analysis of variance and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Hypertensive responses on maximal exercise test were seen mostly among female population (P < 0.000) and middle age (P < 0.000) patients. Exaggerated diastolic blood pressure responses were significantly lower in patients who were taking CCB (P < 0.004). A longer recovery period that showed a delayed decline in SBP was observed in patients taking ARB+HCTZ (P < 0.036). There were no significant differences in the level of exaggerated systolic blood pressure response and during peak exercise (both systolic and diastolic) in patients using either monotherapy or combination antihypertensives. Conclusion: Calcium channel blockers provided lower exaggerated diastolic BP response during maximal exercise test in hypertensive middle age patients. Patients on combination therapy using ARB+HCTZ exhibited a longer recovery period of systolic blood pressure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antihypertensive" title="antihypertensive">antihypertensive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercise%20test" title=" exercise test"> exercise test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypertension" title=" hypertension"> hypertension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperytensive%20response" title=" hyperytensive response"> hyperytensive response</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69988/hypertensive-response-to-maximal-exercise-test-in-young-and-middle-age-hypertensive-on-blood-pressure-lowering-medication-monotherapy-vs-combination-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Trans-Activator of Transcription-Tagged Active AKT1 Variants for Delivery to Mammalian Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarana%20Siddika">Tarana Siddika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilka%20U.%20Heinemann"> Ilka U. Heinemann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20O%E2%80%99Donoghue"> Patrick O’Donoghue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Protein kinase B (AKT1) is a serine/threonine kinase and central transducer of cell survival pathways. Typical approaches to study AKT1 biology in cells rely on growth factor or insulin stimulation that activates AKT1 via phosphorylation at two key regulatory sites (Threonine308, Serine473), yet cell stimulation also activates many other kinases and fails to differentiate the effect of the two main activating sites of AKT1 on downstream substrate phosphorylation and cell growth. While both AKT1 activating sites are associated with disease and used as clinical markers, in some cancers, high levels of Threonine308 phosphorylation are associated with poor prognosis while in others poor survival correlates with high Serine473 levels. To produce cells with specific AKT1 activity, a system was developed to deliver active AKT1 to human cells. AKT1 phospho-variants were produced from Escherichia coli with programmed phosphorylation by genetic code expansion. Tagging of AKT1 with an N-terminal cell penetrating peptide tag derived from the human immunodeficiency virus trans-activator of transcription (TAT) helped to enter AKT1 proteins in mammalian cells. The TAT-tag did not alter AKT1 kinase activity and was necessary and sufficient to rapidly deliver AKT1 protein variants that persisted in human cells for 24 h without the need to use transfection reagents. TAT-pAKT1T308, TAT-pAKT1S473 and TAT-pAKT1T308S473 proteins induced selective phosphorylation of the known AKT1 substrate GSK-3αβ, and downstream stimulation of the AKT1 pathway as evidenced by phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 at Serine240/244 in transfected cells. Increase in cell growth and proliferation was observed due to the transfection of different phosphorylated AKT1 protein variants compared to cells with TAT-AKT1 protein. The data demonstrate efficient delivery of AKT1 with programmed phosphorylation to human cells, thus establishing a cell-based model system to investigate signaling that is dependent on specific AKT1 activity and phosphorylation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20penetrating%20peptide" title="cell penetrating peptide">cell penetrating peptide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20signaling" title=" cell signaling"> cell signaling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20kinase%20b%20%28AKT1%29" title=" protein kinase b (AKT1)"> protein kinase b (AKT1)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorylation" title=" phosphorylation"> phosphorylation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165355/trans-activator-of-transcription-tagged-active-akt1-variants-for-delivery-to-mammalian-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165355.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Promoting Effective Institutional Governance in Cameroon Higher Education: A Governance Equalizer Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Patrick%20Mve">Jean Patrick Mve</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing quest for efficiency, accountability, and transparency has led to the implementation of massive governance reforms among higher education systems worldwide. This is causing many changes in the governance of higher education institutions. Governments over the world are trying to adopt business-like organizational strategies to enhance the performance of higher education institutions. This study explores the changes that have taken place in the Cameroonian higher education sector. It also attempts to draw a picture of the likely future of higher education governance and the actions to be taken for the promotion of institutional effectiveness among higher education institutions. The “governance equalizer” is used as an analytical tool to this end. It covers the five dimensions of the New Public Management (NPM), namely: state regulation, stakeholder guidance, academic self-governance, managerial self-governance, and competition. Qualitative data are used, including semi-structured interviews with key informants at the organizational level and other academic stakeholders, documents and archival data from the university and from the ministry of higher education. It has been found that state regulation among higher education institutions in Cameroon is excessively high, causing the institutional autonomy to be very low, especially at the level of financial management, staffing and promotion, and other internal administrative affairs; at the level of stakeholder guidance there is a higher degree of stakeholders consideration in the academic and research activities among universities, though the government’s interest to keep its hands in most management activities is still high; academic self-governance is also very weak as the assignment of academics is done more on the basis of political considerations than competence; there is no real managerial self-governance among higher education institutions due to the lack of institutional capacity and insufficient autonomy at the level of decision making; there is a plan to promote competition among universities but a real competitive environment is not yet put into place. The study concludes that the government’s policy should make state control more relaxed and concentrate on steering and supervision. As well, real institutional autonomy, professional competence building for top management and stakeholder participation should be considered to guarantee competition and institutional effectiveness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cameroon%20higher%20education" title="Cameroon higher education">Cameroon higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20institutional%20governance" title=" effective institutional governance"> effective institutional governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance%20equalizer" title=" governance equalizer"> governance equalizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20autonomy" title=" institutional autonomy"> institutional autonomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20effectiveness" title=" institutional effectiveness"> institutional effectiveness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118762/promoting-effective-institutional-governance-in-cameroon-higher-education-a-governance-equalizer-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Effect of Mistranslating tRNA Alanine on Polyglutamine Aggregation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunidhi%20Syal">Sunidhi Syal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasangi%20Tennakoon"> Rasangi Tennakoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20O%27Donoghue"> Patrick O'Donoghue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are a group of diseases related to neurodegeneration caused by repeats of the amino acid glutamine (Q) in the DNA, which translates into an elongated polyQ tract in the protein. The pathological explanation is that the polyQ tract forms cytotoxic aggregates in the neurons, leading to their degeneration. There are no cures or preventative efforts established for these diseases as of today, although the symptoms of these diseases can be relieved. This study specifically focuses on Huntington's disease, which is a type of polyQ disease in which aggregation is caused by the extended cytosine, adenine, guanine (CUG) codon repeats in the huntingtin (HTT) gene, which encodes for the huntingtin protein. Using this principle, we attempted to create six models, which included mutating wildtype tRNA alanine variant tRNA-AGC-8-1 to have glutamine anticodons CUG and UUG so serine is incorporated at glutamine sites in poly Q tracts. In the process, we were successful in obtaining tAla-8-1 CUG mutant clones in the HTTexon1 plasmids with a polyQ tract of 23Q (non-pathogenic model) and 74Q (disease model). These plasmids were transfected into mouse neuroblastoma cells to characterize protein synthesis and aggregation in normal and mistranslating cells and to investigate the effects of glutamines replaced with alanines on the disease phenotype. Notably, we observed no noteworthy differences in mean fluorescence between the CUG mutants for 23Q or 74Q; however, the Triton X-100 assay revealed a significant reduction in insoluble 74Q aggregates. We were unable to create a tAla-8-1 UUG mutant clone, and determining the difference in the effects of the two glutamine anticodons may enrich our understanding of the disease phenotype. In conclusion, by generating structural disruption with the amino acid alanine, it may be possible to find ways to minimize the toxicity of Huntington's disease caused by these polyQ aggregates. Further research is needed to advance knowledge in this field by identifying the cellular and biochemical impact of specific tRNA variants found naturally in human genomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huntington%27s%20disease" title="Huntington's disease">Huntington's disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyQ" title=" polyQ"> polyQ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tRNA" title=" tRNA"> tRNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticodon" title=" anticodon"> anticodon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clone" title=" clone"> clone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overlap%20PCR" title=" overlap PCR"> overlap PCR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186397/effect-of-mistranslating-trna-alanine-on-polyglutamine-aggregation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">43</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Physical Activity Patterns and Status of Adolescent Learners from Low and Middle Socio-Economic Status Communities in Kwazulu-Natal Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Mkhanyiseli%20Zimu">Patrick Mkhanyiseli Zimu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A sedentary lifestyle and insufficient physical activity (PA) increases the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Knowing the PA levels and patterns of adolescents from different socio-economic backgrounds is important to direct programs at schools and in communities to prevent NCDs risk factors, which can have long-term effects on the health of the adolescents. The study aimed to investigate adolescent PA levels, patterns, and influencing factors (age, gender, socio-economic status). The 353 participants (203 females and 150 males) from eight low socio-economic (LSES) and middle socio-economic (MSES) public secondary schools completed a Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A). The PAQ-A is a seven day recall instrument that assesses general estimates of PA levels and patterns for high school learners in Grades 9-12 and provides a summary of physical activity scores derived from seven items, each scored on a 5-point Likert scale. The seven items were PA during spare time and five domains (during physical education, lunch break, after school, in the evenings, on the weekend) and selecting one statement that described participant’s physical activity behaviour. The PA Levels (x̄=2.61, SD=.74) were below the international PA cut-off points of x̄=2.75. Physical education (PE) showed the highest PA score (x̄=3.05, SD=1.21) and lunch break showed the lowest PA score (x̄=2.09, SD=1.14). Positive correlations occurred between PA levels and SES (r=.122, p=0.022), and PA and gender (r=.223, p= 0.0001). LSES participant’s PA score was significantly lower (x̄=2.52; SD=.73) than those from MSES (x̄=2.70; SD=.74, p=0.022). Adolescents from low and middle socio-economic status communities are not sufficiently active. Their average PA score of 2.61 is below the PAQ-A global criterion referenced cut-off points of 2.75, which is considered sufficiently physically active for adolescents to ensure both short- and long-term health benefits. As adolescents are not sufficiently active, collaborative school and community PA programs need to be implemented to supplement physical education in order to prevent short- and long-term health problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title="adolescents">adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20promotion" title=" health promotion"> health promotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity" title=" physical activity"> physical activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20education" title=" physical education"> physical education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107028/physical-activity-patterns-and-status-of-adolescent-learners-from-low-and-middle-socio-economic-status-communities-in-kwazulu-natal-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107028.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Effect of Sulphur Concentration on Microbial Population and Performance of a Methane Biofilter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonya%20Barzgar">Sonya Barzgar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Patrick"> J. Patrick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hettiaratchi"> A. Hettiaratchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Methane (CH4) is reputed as the second largest contributor to greenhouse effect with a global warming potential (GWP) of 34 related to carbon dioxide (CO2) over the 100-year horizon, so there is a growing interest in reducing the emissions of this gas. Methane biofiltration (MBF) is a cost effective technology for reducing low volume point source emissions of methane. In this technique, microbial oxidation of methane is carried out by methane-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) which use methane as carbon and energy source. MBF uses a granular medium, such as soil or compost, to support the growth of methanotrophic bacteria responsible for converting methane to carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O). Even though the biofiltration technique has been shown to be an efficient, practical and viable technology, the design and operational parameters, as well as the relevant microbial processes have not been investigated in depth. In particular, limited research has been done on the effects of sulphur on methane bio-oxidation. Since bacteria require a variety of nutrients for growth, to improve the performance of methane biofiltration, it is important to establish the input quantities of nutrients to be provided to the biofilter to ensure that nutrients are available to sustain the process. The study described in this paper was conducted with the aim of determining the influence of sulphur on methane elimination in a biofilter. In this study, a set of experimental measurements has been carried out to explore how the conversion of elemental sulphur could affect methane oxidation in terms of methanotrophs growth and system pH. Batch experiments with different concentrations of sulphur were performed while keeping the other parameters i.e. moisture content, methane concentration, oxygen level and also compost at their optimum level. The study revealed the tolerable limit of sulphur without any interference to the methane oxidation as well as the particular sulphur concentration leading to the greatest methane elimination capacity. Due to the sulphur oxidation, pH varies in a transient way which affects the microbial growth behavior. All methanotrophs are incapable of growth at pH values below 5.0 and thus apparently are unable to oxidize methane. Herein, the certain pH for the optimal growth of methanotrophic bacteria is obtained. Finally, monitoring methane concentration over time in the presence of sulphur is also presented for laboratory scale biofilters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20warming" title="global warming">global warming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane%20biofiltration%20%28MBF%29" title=" methane biofiltration (MBF)"> methane biofiltration (MBF)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane%20oxidation" title=" methane oxidation"> methane oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanotrophs" title=" methanotrophs"> methanotrophs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pH" title=" pH"> pH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulphur" title=" sulphur"> sulphur</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46369/effect-of-sulphur-concentration-on-microbial-population-and-performance-of-a-methane-biofilter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46369.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Risk Management Approach for a Secure and Performant Integration of Automated Drug Dispensing Systems in Hospitals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hind%20Bouami">Hind Bouami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Millot"> Patrick Millot</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medication dispensing system is a life-critical system whose failure may result in preventable adverse events leading to longer patient stays in hospitals or patient death. Automation has led to great improvements in life-critical systems as it increased safety, efficiency, and comfort. However, critical risks related to medical organization complexity and automated solutions integration can threaten drug dispensing security and performance. Knowledge about the system’s complexity aspects and human machine parameters to control for automated equipment’s security and performance will help operators to secure their automation process and to optimize their system’s reliability. In this context, this study aims to document the operator’s situation awareness about automation risks and parameters involved in automation security and performance. Our risk management approach has been deployed in the North Luxembourg hospital center’s pharmacy, which is equipped with automated drug dispensing systems since 2009. With more than 4 million euros of gains generated, North Luxembourg hospital center’s success story was enabled by the management commitment, pharmacy’s involvement in the implementation and improvement of the automation project, and the close collaboration between the pharmacy and Sinteco’s firm to implement the necessary innovation and organizational actions for automated solutions integration security and performance. An analysis of the actions implemented by the hospital and the parameters involved in automated equipment’s integration security and performance has been made. The parameters to control for automated equipment’s integration security and performance are human aspects (6.25%), technical aspects (50%), and human-machine interaction (43.75%). The implementation of an anthropocentric analysis system before automation would have prevented and optimized the control of risks related to automation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Automated%20drug%20delivery%20systems" title="Automated drug delivery systems">Automated drug delivery systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hospitals" title=" Hospitals"> Hospitals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Human-centered%20automated%20system" title=" Human-centered automated system"> Human-centered automated system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Risk%20management" title=" Risk management"> Risk management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129716/risk-management-approach-for-a-secure-and-performant-integration-of-automated-drug-dispensing-systems-in-hospitals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129716.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Quantitative and Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis of Saponins from Three Kenyan Ruellia Species: Ruellia prostrata, Ruellia lineari-bracteolata and Ruellia bignoniiflora </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christine%20O.%20Wangia">Christine O. Wangia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20A.%20Orwa"> Jennifer A. Orwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20W.%20Muregi"> Francis W. Muregi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20G.%20Kareru"> Patrick G. Kareru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kipyegon%20Cheruiyot"> Kipyegon Cheruiyot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Guantai"> Eric Guantai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <em>Ruellia</em> (syn. <em>Dipteracanthus</em>) species are wild perennial creepers belonging to the Acanthaceae family. These species are reported to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, gastroprotective, anticancer, and immuno-stimulant properties. Phytochemical screening of both aqueous and methanolic extracts of <em>Ruellia</em> species revealed the presence of saponins. Saponins have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immuno-stimulant, antihepatotoxic, antibacterial, anticarcinogenic, and antiulcerogenic activities. The objective of this study was to quantify and analyze the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of saponins in crude extracts of three Kenyan <em>Ruellia </em>species namely <em>Ruellia prostrata</em> (RPM), <em>Ruellia lineari-bracteolata</em> (RLB) and <em>Ruellia bignoniiflora</em> (RBK). Sequential organic extraction of the ground whole plant material was done using petroleum ether (PE), chloroform, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and absolute methanol by cold maceration, while aqueous extraction was by hot maceration. The plant powders and extracts were mixed with spectroscopic grade KBr and compressed into a pellet. The infrared spectra were recorded using a Shimadzu FTIR spectrophotometer of 8000 series in the range of 3500 cm<sup>-1 </sup>- 500 cm<sup>-1</sup>. Quantitative determination of the saponins was done using standard procedures. Quantitative analysis of saponins showed that RPM had the highest quantity of crude saponins (2.05% ± 0.03), followed by RLB (1.4% ± 0.15) and RBK (1.25% ± 0.11), respectively. FTIR spectra revealed the spectral peaks characteristic for saponins in RPM, RLB, and RBK plant powders, aqueous and methanol extracts; O-H absorption (3265 - 3393 cm<sup>-1</sup>), C-H absorption ranging from 2851 to 2924 cm<sup>-1</sup>, C=C absorbance (1628 - 1655 cm<sup>-1</sup>), oligosaccharide linkage (C-O-C) absorption due to sapogenins (1036 - 1042 cm<sup>-1</sup>). The crude saponins from RPM, RLB and RBK showed similar peaks to their respective extracts. The presence of the saponins in extracts of RPM, RLB and RBK may be responsible for some of the biological activities reported in the<em> Ruellia</em> species.<u>1</u> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruellia%20bignoniiflora" title="Ruellia bignoniiflora">Ruellia bignoniiflora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruellia%20linearibracteolata" title=" Ruellia linearibracteolata"> Ruellia linearibracteolata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruellia%20prostrata" title=" Ruellia prostrata"> Ruellia prostrata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saponins" title=" Saponins"> Saponins</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78435/quantitative-and-fourier-transform-infrared-analysis-of-saponins-from-three-kenyan-ruellia-species-ruellia-prostrata-ruellia-lineari-bracteolata-and-ruellia-bignoniiflora" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78435.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> From Private Bodies to a Shareable Body Politic. A Theological Solution to a Foundational Political Problem.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Downey">Patrick Downey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The political problem besetting all nations, tribes, and families, as illuminated by Plato in the fifth book of his Republic, is the problem of our own private body with its own particular pleasures and pains. This problem we might label the “irrational love of one’s own.” The reasonable philosopher loves reality just because it is, but we love things only if we can convince ourselves that they are “ours” or an imaginative extension of “ours.” The resulting problem, that can only be medicated, but not cured, is that the “body private,” whether our own, our family, tribe, or nation, always lies underneath any level of “body politic” and threatens the bloodshed and disintegration of civil war. This is also the political problem the Bible deals with throughout, beginning with Adam and Eve’s fall from rationally shareable bodies (“the two were one flesh”) into unshareable bodies whose now shameful “privacy” must be hid behind a bloody rather than bloodless veil. The blood is the sign of always threatening civil war, whether murder between brothers, feuds within tribes, or later, war between nations. The scarlet thread of blood tying the entire Bible together, Old and New Testament, reminds us that however far our loves are pushed out beyond our private body to family, tribe or nation, they remain irrational because unshareable. Only by loving the creator God who first loved us, can we rationally love anything of our own, but it must be loved as gift rather than as a possession. Such a love renders all bodies and nations truly shareable, and achieving this shareability is the paradoxical plot of the Bible, wherein the Word becomes flesh in a particular body amidst a particular people and nation. Yet even with His own nation and His own Son, this Lord is not “partial” and demands justice towards widows, orphans, and sojourners, because the irrational love of only our own can become rational solely through the resurrection of this particular body, king of this particular nation and these particular people. His body, along with all other bodies, can thus now retain their particular wounds and history, while yet remaining shareable. Likewise, all nations will share in the nation of Israel, in the same way all distinct languages will share an understanding through the inner rational word that we see illustrated in Pentecost. Without the resurrection, however, this shareability of bodies and nations remains merely a useful fiction, as Plato saw, and the equally fictitious “rationality” of some sort of deductive universalism will not go away. Reading Scripture in terms of Plato’s “irrational love of one’s own” therefore raises questions for both a Protestant and Catholic understanding of nations, questions that neither can answer adequately without this philosophical and exegetical attention. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20private" title="body private">body private</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nations" title=" nations"> nations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shareability" title=" shareability"> shareability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20politic" title=" body politic"> body politic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166361/from-private-bodies-to-a-shareable-body-politic-a-theological-solution-to-a-foundational-political-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Effectiveness of Mobile Health Augmented Cardiac Rehabilitation (MCard) on Health-Related Quality of Life among Post-Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliya%20Hisam">Aliya Hisam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zia%20Ul%20Haq"> Zia Ul Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohail%20Aziz"> Sohail Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Doherty"> Patrick Doherty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jill%20Pell"> Jill Pell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To determine the effectiveness of Mobile health augmented Cardiac rehabilitation (MCard) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among post-acute coronary syndrome(post-ACS) patients. Methodology: In a randomized controlled trial, post-ACS patients were randomly allocated (1:1) to an intervention group (received MCard; counseling, empowering with self-monitoring devices, short text messages, in addition to standard post-ACS care) or control group (standard post-ACS care). HRQoL was assessed by generic Short Form-12 and MacNew quality of life myocardial infarction (QLMI) tools. Participants were followed for 24 weeks with data collection and analysis at three-time points (baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks). Result: At baseline, 160 patients (80 in each group; mean age 52.66+8.46 years; 126 males, 78.75%) were recruited, of which 121(75.62%) continued and were analyzed at 12-weeks and 119(74.37%) at 24-weeks. The mean SF-12 physical component score significantly improved in the MCard group at 12 weeks follow-up (48.93 vs. control 43.87, p<.001) and 24 weeks (53.52 vs. 46.82 p<.001). The mean SF-12 mental component scores also improved significantly in the MCard group at 12 weeks follow-up (44.84 vs. control 41.40, p<.001) and 24 weeks follow-up (48.95 vs 40.12, p<.001). At 12-and 24-week follow-up, all domains of MacNew QLMI (social, emotional, physical and global) were also statistically significant (p<.001) improved in the MCard group, unlike the control group. Conclusion: MCard is feasible and effective at improving all domains of HRQoL. There was an improvement in physical, mental, social, emotional and global domains among the MCard group in comparison to the control group. The addition of MCard programs to post-ACS standard care may improve patient outcomes and reduce the burden on the health care setting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20coronary%20syndrome" title="acute coronary syndrome">acute coronary syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20health%20augmented%20cardiac%20rehabilitation%20%28MCard%29" title=" mobile health augmented cardiac rehabilitation (MCard)"> mobile health augmented cardiac rehabilitation (MCard)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiovascular%20diseases" title=" cardiovascular diseases"> cardiovascular diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiac%20rehabilitation" title=" cardiac rehabilitation"> cardiac rehabilitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health-related%20quality%20of%20life" title=" health-related quality of life"> health-related quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short%20form%2012" title=" short form 12"> short form 12</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MacNew%20QLMI" title=" MacNew QLMI"> MacNew QLMI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140731/effectiveness-of-mobile-health-augmented-cardiac-rehabilitation-mcard-on-health-related-quality-of-life-among-post-acute-coronary-syndrome-patients-a-randomized-controlled-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140731.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Monitoring of 53 Contaminants of Emerging Concern: Occurrence in Effluents, Sludges, and Surface Waters Upstream and Downstream of 7 Wastewater Treatment Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azziz%20Assoumani">Azziz Assoumani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francois%20Lestremau"> Francois Lestremau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Celine%20Ferret"> Celine Ferret</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benedicte%20Lepot"> Benedicte Lepot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morgane%20Salomon"> Morgane Salomon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helene%20Budzinski"> Helene Budzinski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marie-Helene%20Devier"> Marie-Helene Devier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierre%20Labadie"> Pierre Labadie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karyn%20Le%20Menach"> Karyn Le Menach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Pardon"> Patrick Pardon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laure%20Wiest"> Laure Wiest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuelle%20Vulliet"> Emmanuelle Vulliet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierre-Francois%20Staub"> Pierre-Francois Staub</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Seven French wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) were monitored for 53 contaminants of emerging concern within a nation-wide monitoring campaign in surface waters, which took place in 2018. The overall objective of the 2018 campaign was to provide the exercise of prioritization of emerging substances, which is being carried out in 2021, with monitoring data. This exercise should make it possible to update the list of relevant substances to be monitored (SPAS) as part of future water framework directive monitoring programmes, which will be implemented in the next water body management cycle (2022). One sampling campaign was performed in October 2018 in the seven WWTP, where affluent and sludge samples were collected. Surface water samples were collected in September 2018 at three to five sites upstream and downstream the point of effluent discharge of each WWTP. The contaminants (36 biocides and 17 surfactants, selected by the Prioritization Experts Committee) were determined in the seven WWTP effluent and sludge samples and in surface water samples by liquid or gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, depending on the contaminant. Nine surfactants and three biocides were quantified at least in one WWTP effluent sample. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acids (LAS) and fipronil were quantified in all samples; the LAS were quantified at the highest median concentrations. Twelve surfactants and 13 biocides were quantified in at least one sludge sample. The LAS and didecyldimethylammonium were quantified in all samples and at the highest median concentrations. Higher concentration levels of the substances quantified in WWTP effluent samples were observed in the surface water samples collected downstream the effluents discharge points, compared with the samples collected upstream, suggesting a contribution of the WWTP effluents in the contamination of surface waters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contaminants%20of%20emerging%20concern" title="contaminants of emerging concern">contaminants of emerging concern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effluent" title=" effluent"> effluent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20water" title=" river water"> river water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sludge" title=" sludge"> sludge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134492/monitoring-of-53-contaminants-of-emerging-concern-occurrence-in-effluents-sludges-and-surface-waters-upstream-and-downstream-of-7-wastewater-treatment-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Development of Requirements Analysis Tool for Medical Autonomy in Long-Duration Space Exploration Missions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lara%20Dutil-Fafard">Lara Dutil-Fafard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caroline%20Rh%C3%A9aume"> Caroline Rhéaume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Archambault"> Patrick Archambault</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Lafond"> Daniel Lafond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neal%20W.%20Pollock"> Neal W. Pollock</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Improving resources for medical autonomy of astronauts in prolonged space missions, such as a Mars mission, requires not only technology development, but also decision-making support systems. The Advanced Crew Medical System - Medical Condition Requirements study, funded by the Canadian Space Agency, aimed to create knowledge content and a scenario-based query capability to support medical autonomy of astronauts. The key objective of this study was to create a prototype tool for identifying medical infrastructure requirements in terms of medical knowledge, skills and materials. A multicriteria decision-making method was used to prioritize the highest risk medical events anticipated in a long-term space mission. Starting with those medical conditions, event sequence diagrams (ESDs) were created in the form of decision trees where the entry point is the diagnosis and the end points are the predicted outcomes (full recovery, partial recovery, or death/severe incapacitation). The ESD formalism was adapted to characterize and compare possible outcomes of medical conditions as a function of available medical knowledge, skills, and supplies in a given mission scenario. An extensive literature review was performed and summarized in a medical condition database. A PostgreSQL relational database was created to allow query-based evaluation of health outcome metrics with different medical infrastructure scenarios. Critical decision points, skill and medical supply requirements, and probable health outcomes were compared across chosen scenarios. The three medical conditions with the highest risk rank were acute coronary syndrome, sepsis, and stroke. Our efforts demonstrate the utility of this approach and provide insight into the effort required to develop appropriate content for the range of medical conditions that may arise. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20support%20system" title="decision support system">decision support system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=event-sequence%20diagram" title=" event-sequence diagram"> event-sequence diagram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exploration%20mission" title=" exploration mission"> exploration mission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20autonomy" title=" medical autonomy"> medical autonomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scenario-based%20queries" title=" scenario-based queries"> scenario-based queries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20medicine" title=" space medicine"> space medicine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109950/development-of-requirements-analysis-tool-for-medical-autonomy-in-long-duration-space-exploration-missions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109950.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Feasibility Study of Particle Image Velocimetry in the Muzzle Flow Fields during the Intermediate Ballistic Phase</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moumen%20Abdelhafidh">Moumen Abdelhafidh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stribu%20Bogdan"> Stribu Bogdan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laboureur%20Delphine"> Laboureur Delphine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gallant%20Johan"> Gallant Johan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hendrick%20Patrick"> Hendrick Patrick</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is part of an ongoing effort to improve the understanding of phenomena occurring during the intermediate ballistic phase, such as muzzle flows. A thorough comprehension of muzzle flow fields is essential for optimizing muzzle device and projectile design. This flow characterization has heretofore been almost entirely limited to local and intrusive measurement techniques such as pressure measurements using pencil probes. Consequently, the body of quantitative experimental data is limited, so is the number of numerical codes validated in this field. The objective of the work presented here is to demonstrate the applicability of the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique in the challenging environment of the propellant flow of a .300 blackout weapon to provide accurate velocity measurements. The key points of a successful PIV measurement are the selection of the particle tracer, their seeding technique, and their tracking characteristics. We have experimentally investigated the aforementioned points by evaluating the resistance, gas dispersion, laser light reflection as well as the response to a step change across the Mach disk for five different solid tracers using two seeding methods. To this end, an experimental setup has been performed and consisted of a PIV system, the combustion chamber pressure measurement, classical high-speed schlieren visualization, and an aerosol spectrometer. The latter is used to determine the particle size distribution in the muzzle flow. The experimental results demonstrated the ability of PIV to accurately resolve the salient features of the propellant flow, such as the under the expanded jet and vortex rings, as well as the instantaneous velocity field with maximum centreline velocities of more than 1000 m/s. Besides, naturally present unburned particles in the gas and solid ZrO₂ particles with a nominal size of 100 nm, when coated on the propellant powder, are suitable as tracers. However, the TiO₂ particles intended to act as a tracer, surprisingly not only melted but also functioned as a combustion accelerator and decreased the number of particles in the propellant gas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intermediate%20ballistic" title="intermediate ballistic">intermediate ballistic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muzzle%20flow%20fields" title=" muzzle flow fields"> muzzle flow fields</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20image%20velocimetry" title=" particle image velocimetry"> particle image velocimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propellant%20gas" title=" propellant gas"> propellant gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20size%20distribution" title=" particle size distribution"> particle size distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=under%20expanded%20jet" title=" under expanded jet"> under expanded jet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20particle%20tracers" title=" solid particle tracers"> solid particle tracers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135991/feasibility-study-of-particle-image-velocimetry-in-the-muzzle-flow-fields-during-the-intermediate-ballistic-phase" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135991.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Moulding Photovoice to Community: Supporting Aboriginal People Experiencing Homelessness to Share Their Stories through Photography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jocelyn%20Jones">Jocelyn Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louise%20Southalan"> Louise Southalan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindey%20Andrews"> Lindey Andrews</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mandy%20Wilson"> Mandy Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emma%20Vieira"> Emma Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jackie%20Oakley"> Jackie Oakley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorothy%20Bagshaw"> Dorothy Bagshaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alice%20V.%20Brown"> Alice V. Brown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Egan"> Patrick Egan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duc%20Dau"> Duc Dau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucy%20Spanswick"> Lucy Spanswick</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Working with people experiencing homelessness requires careful use of methods that support them to comfortably share their experiences. This is particularly important for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, the traditional owners of Australia, who have experienced intergenerational and compounding trauma since colonisation. Aboriginal cultures regularly experience research fatigue and distrust in research’s potential for impact. They often view research as an extraction -a process of taking the knowledge that empowers the research team and its institution, rather than benefiting those being researched. Through a partnership between an Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisation and a university research institute, we conducted a community-driven research project with 70-90 Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness in Perth, Western Australia. The project aimed to listen to and advocate for the voices of those who are experiencing homelessness, guided by the Aboriginal community. In consultation with Aboriginal Elders, we selected methods that are considered culturally safe, including those who would prefer to express their experiences creatively. This led us to run a series of Photovoice workshops -an established method that supports people to share their experiences through photography. This method treats participants as experts and is regularly used with marginalised groups across the world. We detail our experience and lessons in using Photovoice with Aboriginal community members experiencing homelessness. This includes the ways the method needed to be moulded to community needs and driven by their individual choices, such as being dynamic in the length of time participants would spend with us, how we would introduce the method to them, and providing support workers for participants when taking photos. We also discuss lessons in establishing and retaining engagement and how the method was successful in supporting participants to comfortably share their stories. Finally, we outline the insights into homelessness that the method offered, including highlighting the difficulty experienced by participants in transitioning from homelessness to accommodation and the diversity of hopes people who have experienced homelessness have for the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aboriginal%20and%20Torres%20Strait%20Islander%20peoples" title="Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples">Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoice" title=" photovoice"> photovoice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title=" homelessness"> homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community-led%20research" title=" community-led research"> community-led research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156582/moulding-photovoice-to-community-supporting-aboriginal-people-experiencing-homelessness-to-share-their-stories-through-photography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156582.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> The Importance of Elders in Guiding Research and Findings for Aboriginal People Experiencing Homelessness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alice%20V.%20Brown">Alice V. Brown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Egan"> Patrick Egan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorothy%20Bagshaw"> Dorothy Bagshaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jackie%20Oakley"> Jackie Oakley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emma%20Vieira"> Emma Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louise%20Southalan"> Louise Southalan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duc%20Dau"> Duc Dau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucy%20Spanswick"> Lucy Spanswick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindey%20Andrews"> Lindey Andrews</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mandy%20Wilson"> Mandy Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jocelyn%20Jones"> Jocelyn Jones</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Western Australia has recently adopted a 10-year plan to end homelessness across its State, with sections of the plan focused particularly on the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population. In 2022, we engaged with 70-90 Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness in Perth, Western Australia, through qualitative interviews and creative methods, listening to their experiences of homelessness and their views on how services, State plans, and policies could better support them. This research was driven by the Aboriginal community through a Community Ownership Group of 16 Aboriginal Elders, elected by Elders’ groups, from across the Perth metropolitan area. The Community Ownership Group met every six weeks across the 15-month project timeline to guide the research team, endorse methods chosen, and provide richer context to research findings to ensure they adequately represent the experiences of Aboriginal people. These meetings were audio-recorded when possible and documented through meeting notes, verbal and visual minutes, and film, providing insights into homelessness from the perspective of Aboriginal Elders. In this paper, we compare the views of those experiencing homelessness with the views of the Aboriginal Elders -many of whom have experienced homelessness firsthand- and literature regarding how those experiencing homelessness can be better supported. We detail the ‘survival-directed thinking’ of those we engaged with who was in the throes of homelessness, leading them to focus more on immediate solutions such as food and housing. We then compare these narratives to Elders’ views that have been more regularly focused on connection to culture and long-term plans for healing homelessness, alongside immediate outreach -views also reflected in the literature. Through these comparisons, we highlight the importance of engaging both with those currently experiencing homelessness as well as with Aboriginal Elders as important cultural caretakers and authorities. We demonstrate how these varied voices uncover both long and short-term perspectives on how homelessness can be better managed in policy and service provision. We also highlight the potential role Aboriginal Elders can play in supporting the Aboriginal homeless community and their transition into housing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aboriginal%20and%20Torres%20strait%20islander%20peoples" title="Aboriginal and Torres strait islander peoples">Aboriginal and Torres strait islander peoples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aboriginal%20elders" title=" aboriginal elders"> aboriginal elders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title=" homelessness"> homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community-led%20research" title=" community-led research"> community-led research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156580/the-importance-of-elders-in-guiding-research-and-findings-for-aboriginal-people-experiencing-homelessness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Time Fetching Water and Maternal Childcare Practices: Comparative Study of Women with Children Living in Ethiopia and Malawi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davod%20Ahmadigheidari">Davod Ahmadigheidari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabel%20Alvarez"> Isabel Alvarez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Sinclair"> Kate Sinclair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marnie%20Davidson"> Marnie Davidson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20%20Cortbaoui"> Patrick Cortbaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hugo%20Melgar-Qui%C3%B1onez"> Hugo Melgar-Quiñonez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The burden of collecting water tends to disproportionately fall on women and girls in low-income countries. Specifically, women spend between one to eight hours per day fetching water for domestic use in Sub-Saharan Africa. While there has been research done on the global time burden for collecting water, it has been mainly focused on water quality parameters; leaving the relationship between water fetching and health outcomes understudied. There is little available evidence regarding the relationship between water fetching and maternal child care practices. The main objective of this study was to help fill the aforementioned gap in the literature. Data from two surveys in Ethiopia and Malawi conducted by CARE Canada in 2016-2017 were used. Descriptive statistics indicate that women were predominantly responsible for collecting water in both Ethiopia (87%) and Malawi (99%) respectively, with the majority spending more than 30 minutes per day on water collection. With regards to child care practices, in both countries, breastfeeding was relatively high (77% and 82%, respectively); and treatment for malnutrition was low (15% and 8%, respectively). However, the same consistency was not found for weighing; in Ethiopia only 16% took their children for weighting in contrast to 94% in Malawi. These three practices were summed to create one variable for regressions analyses. Unadjusted logistic regression findings showed that only in Ethiopia was time fetching water significantly associated with child care practices. Once adjusted for covariates, this relationship was no longer found to be significant. Adjusted logistic regressions also showed that the factors that did influence child care practices differed slightly between the two countries. In Ethiopia, a lack of access to community water supply (OR= 0.668; P=0.010), poor attitudes towards gender equality (OR= 0.608; P=0.001), no access to land and (OR=0.603; P=0.000), significantly decreased a women’s odd of using positive childcare practices. Notably, being young women between 15-24 years (OR=2.308; P=0.017), and 25-29 (OR=2.065; P=0.028) increased probability of using positive childcare practices. Whereas in Malawi, higher maternal age, low decision-making power, significantly decreased a women’s odd of using positive childcare practices. In conclusion, this study found that even though amount of time spent by women fetching water makes a difference for childcare practices, it is not significantly related to women’s child care practices when controlling the covariates. Importantly, women’s age contributes to child care practices in Ethiopia and Malawi. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20fetching%20water" title="time fetching water">time fetching water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20water%20supply" title=" community water supply"> community water supply</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%E2%80%99s%20child%20care%20practices" title=" women’s child care practices"> women’s child care practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malawi" title=" Malawi"> Malawi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75339/time-fetching-water-and-maternal-childcare-practices-comparative-study-of-women-with-children-living-in-ethiopia-and-malawi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Factors Associated with Involvement in Physical Activity among Children (Aged 6-18 Years) Training at Excel Soccer Academy in Uganda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syrus%20Zimaze">Syrus Zimaze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Nsimbe"> George Nsimbe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valley%20Mugwanya"> Valley Mugwanya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matiya%20Lule"> Matiya Lule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edgar%20Watson"> Edgar Watson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Gwayambadde"> Patrick Gwayambadde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Physical inactivity is a growing global epidemic, also recognised as a major public health challenge. Globally, there are alarming rates of children reported with cardiovascular disease and obesity with limited interventions. In Sub Saharan Africa, there is limited information about involvement in physical activity especially among children aged 6 to 18 years. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with involvement in physical activity among children in Uganda. Methods: We included all parents with children aged 6 to 18 years training with Excel Soccer Academy between January 2017 and June 2018. Physical activity definition was time spent participating in routine soccer training at the academy for more than 30 days. Each child's attendance was recorded, and parents provided demographic and social economic data. Data on predictors of physical activity involvement were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and frequency were used. Binary logistic regression was used at the multi variable level adjusting for education, residence, transport means and access to information technology. Results: Overall 356 parents were interviewed; Boys 318 (89.3%) engaged more in physical activity than girls. The median age for children was 13 years (IQR:6-18) and 42 years (IQR:37-49) among parents. The median time spent at the Excel soccer academy was 13.4 months (IQR: 4.6-35.7) Majority of the children attended formal education, p < 0.001). Factors associated with involvement in physical activity included: owning a permanent house compared to a rented house (odds ratio [OR] :2.84: 95% CI: 2.09-3.86, p < 0.0001), owning a car compared to using public transport (OR: 5.64 CI: 4.80-6.63, p < 0.0001), a parent having received formal education compared to non-formal education (OR: 2.93 CI: 2.47-3.46, p < 0.0001) and daily access to information technology (OR:0.40 CI:0.25-0.66, p < 0.001). Parent’s age and gender were not associated to involvement in physical activity. Conclusions: Socioeconomic factors were positively associated with involvement in physical activity with boys participating more than girls in soccer activities. More interventions are required geared towards increasing girl’s participation in physical activity and those targeting children from less privilege homes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity" title="physical activity">physical activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sub-Saharan%20Africa" title=" Sub-Saharan Africa"> Sub-Saharan Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20economic%20factors" title=" social economic factors"> social economic factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104270/factors-associated-with-involvement-in-physical-activity-among-children-aged-6-18-years-training-at-excel-soccer-academy-in-uganda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Implementing Simulation-Based Education as a Transformative Learning Strategy in Nursing and Midwifery Curricula in Resource-Constrained Countries: The Case of Malawi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Mapulanga">Patrick Mapulanga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chisomo%20Petros%20Ganya"> Chisomo Petros Ganya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the integration of Simulation-Based Education (SBE) into nursing and midwifery curricula in resource-constrained countries using Malawi as a case study. The purpose of this study is to assess the extent to which SBE is mentioned in curricula and explore the associated content, assessment criteria, and guidelines. Methodology: The research methodology involved a desk study of nursing and midwifery curricula in Malawi. A comprehensive review was conducted to identify references to SBE by examining documents such as official curriculum guides, syllabi, and educational policies. The focus is on understanding the prevalence of SBE without delving into the specific content or assessment details. Findings: The findings revealed that SBE is indeed mentioned in the nursing and midwifery curricula in Malawi; however, there is a notable absence of detailed content and assessment criteria. While acknowledgement of SBE is a positive step, the lack of specific guidelines poses a challenge to its effective implementation and assessment within the educational framework. Conclusion: The study concludes that although the recognition of SBE in Malawian nursing and midwifery curricula signifies a potential openness to innovative learning strategies, the absence of detailed content and assessment criteria raises concerns about the practical application of SBE. Addressing this gap is crucial for harnessing the full transformative potential of SBE in resource-constrained environments. Areas for Further Research: Future research endeavours should focus on a more in-depth exploration of the content and assessment criteria related to SBE in nursing and midwifery curricula. Investigating faculty perspectives and students’ experiences with SBE could provide valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with its implementation. Study Limitations and Implications: The study's limitations include reliance on desk-based analysis, which limits the depth of understanding regarding SBE implementation. Despite this constraint, the implications of the findings underscore the need for curriculum developers, educators, and policymakers to collaboratively address the gaps in SBE integration and ensure a comprehensive and effective learning experience for nursing and midwifery students in resource-constrained countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20based%20education" title="simulation based education">simulation based education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformative%20learning" title=" transformative learning"> transformative learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing%20and%20midwifery" title=" nursing and midwifery"> nursing and midwifery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curricula" title=" curricula"> curricula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malawi" title=" Malawi"> Malawi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179629/implementing-simulation-based-education-as-a-transformative-learning-strategy-in-nursing-and-midwifery-curricula-in-resource-constrained-countries-the-case-of-malawi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> A Modest Proposal for Deep-Sixing Propositions in the Philosophy of Language</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Duffley">Patrick Duffley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hanks (2021) identifies three Frege-inspired commitments concerning propositions that are widely shared across the philosophy of language: (1) propositions are the primary, inherent bearers of representational properties and truth-conditions; (2) propositions are neutral representations possessing a ‘content’ that is devoid of ‘force; (3) propositions can be entertained or expressed without being asserted. Hanks then argues that the postulate of neutral content must be abandoned, and the primary bearers of truth-evaluable representation must be identified as the token acts of assertoric predication that people perform when they are thinking or speaking about the world. Propositions are ‘types of acts of predication, which derive their representational features from their tokens.’ Their role is that of ‘classificatory devices that we use for the purposes of identifying and individuating mental states and speech acts,’ so that ‘to say that Russell believes that Mont Blanc is over 4000 meters high is to classify Russell’s mental state under a certain type, and thereby distinguish that mental state from others that Russell might possess.’ It is argued in this paper that there is no need to classify an utterance of 'Russell believes that Mont Blanc is over 4000 meters high' as a token of some higher-order utterance-type in order to identify what Russell believes; the meanings of the words themselves and the syntactico-semantic relations between them are sufficient. In our view what Hanks has accomplished in effect is to build a convincing argument for dispensing with propositions completely in the philosophy of language. By divesting propositions of the role of being the primary bearers of representational properties and truth-conditions and fittingly transferring this role to the token acts of predication that people perform when they are thinking or speaking about the world, he has situated truth in its proper place and obviated any need for abstractions like propositions to explain how language can express things that are true. This leaves propositions with the extremely modest role of classifying mental states and speech acts for the purposes of identifying and individuating them. It is demonstrated here however that there is no need whatsoever to posit such abstract entities to explain how people identify and individuate such states/acts. We therefore make the modest proposal that the term ‘proposition’ be stricken from the vocabulary of philosophers of language. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propositions" title="propositions">propositions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=truth-conditions" title=" truth-conditions"> truth-conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predication" title=" predication"> predication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frege" title=" Frege"> Frege</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=truth-bearers" title=" truth-bearers"> truth-bearers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177858/a-modest-proposal-for-deep-sixing-propositions-in-the-philosophy-of-language" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177858.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> In vitro and in vivo Infectivity of Coxiella burnetii Strains from French Livestock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jouli%C3%A9%20Aur%C3%A9lien">Joulié Aurélien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jourdain%20Elsa"> Jourdain Elsa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bailly%20Xavier"> Bailly Xavier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gasqui%20Patrick"> Gasqui Patrick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Elise"> Yang Elise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leblond%20Agn%C3%A8s"> Leblond Agnès</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rousset%20Elodie"> Rousset Elodie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sidi-Boumedine%20Karim"> Sidi-Boumedine Karim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by the gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Following the recent outbreaks in the Netherlands, a hyper virulent clone was found to be the cause of severe human cases of Q fever. In livestock, Q fever clinical manifestations are mainly abortions. Although the abortion rates differ between ruminant species, C. burnetii’s virulence remains understudied, especially in enzootic areas. In this study, the infectious potential of three C. burnetii isolates collected from French farms of small ruminants were compared to the reference strain Nine Mile (in phase II and in an intermediate phase) using an in vivo (CD1 mice) model. Mice were challenged with 105 live bacteria discriminated by propidium monoazide-qPCR targeting the icd-gene. After footpad inoculation, spleen and popliteal lymph node were harvested at 10 days post-inoculation (p.i). The strain invasiveness in spleen and popliteal nodes was assessed by qPCR assays targeting the icd-gene. Preliminary results showed that the avirulent strains (in phase 2) failed to pass the popliteal barrier and then to colonize the spleen. This model allowed a significant differentiation between strain’s invasiveness on biological host and therefore identifying distinct virulence profiles. In view of these results, we plan to go further by testing fifteen additional C. burnetii isolates from French farms of sheep, goat and cattle by using the above-mentioned in vivo model. All 15 strains display distant MLVA (multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeat analysis) genotypic profiles. Five of the fifteen isolates will bee also tested in vitro on ovine and bovine macrophage cells. Cells and supernatants will be harvested at day1, day2, day3 and day6 p.i to assess in vitro multiplication kinetics of strains. In conclusion, our findings might help the implementation of surveillance of virulent strains and ultimately allow adapting prophylaxis measures in livestock farms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q%20fever" title="Q fever">Q fever</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invasiveness" title=" invasiveness"> invasiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ruminant" title=" ruminant"> ruminant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virulence" title=" virulence"> virulence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63421/in-vitro-and-in-vivo-infectivity-of-coxiella-burnetii-strains-from-french-livestock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63421.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Webb&page=4" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Webb&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Webb&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Webb&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Webb&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">5</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Webb&page=6">6</a></li> <li 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