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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Alfred Gerstenberg</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Alfred_Gerstenberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Alfred_Gerstenberg.jpg/220px-Alfred_Gerstenberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Alfred_Gerstenberg.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="264" data-file-height="321" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="font-size: 100%">Alfred Gerstenberg in Bucharest, May 1943</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">6 April 1893<br /><a href="/wiki/Grainau" title="Grainau">Grainau</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1 January 1959<span style="display:none">(1959-01-01)</span> (aged 65)<br /><a href="/wiki/Bad_T%C3%B6lz" title="Bad Tölz">Bad Tölz</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a> (to 1918)<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Weimar Republic</a> (to 1926)<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Prussian_Army" title="Prussian Army">Prussian Army</a></i> (1912–16)<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Luftstreitkr%C3%A4fte" title="Luftstreitkräfte">Luftstreitkräfte</a></i> (1916–18)<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Reichswehr" title="Reichswehr">Reichsheer</a></i> (1918–34)<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a></i> (1934–45)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1912–26<br />1934–45</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Generalleutnant" title="Generalleutnant">Generalleutnant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a><br /><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Alfred Gerstenberg</b> (6 April 1893, in <a href="/wiki/Grainau" title="Grainau">Grainau</a> – 1 January 1959, in <a href="/wiki/Bad_T%C3%B6lz" title="Bad Tölz">Bad Tölz</a>) was a general of the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_German" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi German">Nazi German</a> <a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a> (air force) in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, serving as commanding general of the Luftwaffe mission to <a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_II" title="Romania in World War II">Romania</a>, and organizing a very effective defensive perimeter around the oil fields in <a href="/wiki/Ploie%C8%99ti" title="Ploiești">Ploiești</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Gerstenberg&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gerstenberg began his army service in 1912 in an <a href="/wiki/Uhlan" title="Uhlan">Uhlan</a> regiment. After a year of service, he graduated with the rank of <i><a href="/wiki/Leutnant" title="Leutnant">Leutnant</a></i> from the War School in <a href="/wiki/Danzig" class="mw-redirect" title="Danzig">Danzig</a>. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, in 1915, he was sent to the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Eastern Front (World War I)">Eastern Front</a> as part of a cavalry unit.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20197–8_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20197–8-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, he was transferred to the air force and flew as an observation aircraft pilot. Both Gerstenberg and <a href="/wiki/Manfred_von_Richthofen" title="Manfred von Richthofen">Manfred von Richthofen</a> served in the same cavalry regiment and later in the same aviation unit, <i>Kagohl 2</i>. In 1917, he joined <i><a href="/wiki/Jagdstaffel_11" title="Jagdstaffel 11">Jagdstaffel 11</a></i> led by von Richthofen, where he served until the end of the war; he did not shoot down any enemy aircraft. In October 1917, his plane was shot down and Gerstenberg suffered a severe injury from a bullet that hit him in one lung.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKilduff2007173,_181_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKilduff2007173,_181-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Next year, he returned as a non-flying officer. </p><p>After the war he served in several cavalry units, retiring in 1926, then rejoining the Reichswehr aviation as a technical officer. While in the Reichswehr he was sent to the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, where he oversaw the schools where German and Russian officers studied. Gerstenberg returned to Germany in January 1932, and commanded a cavalry regiment until 1934, when he was named chief of staff of the <a href="/wiki/German_Air_Sports_Association" title="German Air Sports Association">German Air Sports Association</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20197–8_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20197–8-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of the Luftwaffe, he was tasked to write manuals for the aviation schools,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20199–10_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20199–10-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while also assigned as an instructor at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tutow_Air_War_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tutow Air War School (page does not exist)">Tutow Air War School</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flugplatz_Tutow" class="extiw" title="de:Flugplatz Tutow">de</a>]</span>. </p><p>In 1938, he was assigned by <a href="/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring" title="Hermann Göring">Hermann Göring</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Military_attach%C3%A9" title="Military attaché">Luftwaffe attaché</a> to the embassy in <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> and the German Legation in <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a>. His mission in <a href="/wiki/Second_Polish_Republic" title="Second Polish Republic">Poland</a> was to gather information on the Polish preparations to defend against an eventual German attack, while the mission in Romania was to "move the country away from British, American and French influence".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20199–10_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20199–10-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Gerstenberg&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 15 February 1942 to 28 August 1944, Gerstenberg served in the <i>Deutsche Luftwaffenmission Rumänien</i>, the Luftwaffe mission to Romania, whose government supported Germany, and later as <a href="/wiki/Luftflotte_4#Kom._Gen.d.dtsch._Lw.i._Rum_(general_in_chief_of_German_Air_Force_in_Romania)_Bucharest" title="Luftflotte 4">commanding general of Luftwaffe in Romania</a> (<i>Kommandierender General und Befehlshaber der Deutschen Luftwaffe in Rumänien</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He commanded around 25,000 men in Ploiești and 11,000 near Bucharest. His most important task was to set up a defense zone around the oil refineries in <a href="/wiki/Ploie%C8%99ti" title="Ploiești">Ploiești</a>, the largest single source of oil for <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>; he set up an effective anti-aircraft defense system against air attacks. As a result, the first massive air attack on the fields on 1 August 1943 (<a href="/wiki/US_Army_Air_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="US Army Air Forces">US Army Air Forces</a> <a href="/wiki/Operation_Tidal_Wave" title="Operation Tidal Wave">Operation Tidal Wave</a>) failed to knock out oil production, suffering heavy losses. </p><p>In the night of 23/24 August, after <a href="/wiki/1944_Romanian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1944 Romanian coup d'état">King Michael's coup d'état</a> against the Germany-supporting government, Gerstenberg together with General <a href="/wiki/Erik_Hansen_(general)" title="Erik Hansen (general)">Erik Hansen</a> and Ambassador <a href="/wiki/Manfred_von_Killinger" class="mw-redirect" title="Manfred von Killinger">Manfred von Killinger</a> met up with General <a href="/wiki/Constantin_S%C4%83n%C4%83tescu" title="Constantin Sănătescu">Constantin Sănătescu</a>, the new <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Romania" title="Prime Minister of Romania">Prime Minister of Romania</a>. In the meeting, General Sănătescu offered the Germans safe passage to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1920%E2%80%931946)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)">Hungarian</a> border, to which the German officials agreed. General Gerstenberg was to be escorted by Colonel Valeriu Selescu while passing through the capital on his way to Ploiești. However, once in <a href="/wiki/B%C4%83neasa" title="Băneasa">Băneasa</a>, Gerstenberg had the Romanian officer arrested. With orders received from <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>, he then began to enact <a href="/wiki/Operation_Margarethe_II" title="Operation Margarethe II">Operation Margarethe II</a>, the plan to invade Romania in case the government surrendered to the Allies. With some 4,000 men under his command,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gerstenberg took over the airports of <a href="/wiki/Aurel_Vlaicu_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Aurel Vlaicu International Airport">Băneasa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bucharest_Henri_Coand%C4%83_International_Airport" title="Bucharest Henri Coandă International Airport">Otopeni</a>, from where Luftwaffe aircraft began <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Bucharest_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Bucharest in World War II">bombing Bucharest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-onoare_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-onoare-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-memoria_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoria-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-aviatori_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aviatori-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 August, after Romania declared war on the <a href="/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis</a>, he was replaced in command by <a href="/wiki/Reiner_Stahel" title="Reiner Stahel">Reiner Stahel</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brandenburgers" title="Brandenburgers">Brandenburger</a> paratroopers were dropped in to support the German forces, but the planned invasion failed and the German troops were encircled. On 26 August, the German positions were bombed by the USAAF, and Romanian troops eventually occupied the airports. On 28 August, Gerstenberg and Stahel were arrested by Romanian soldiers at <a href="/wiki/Gherghi%C8%9Ba" title="Gherghița">Gherghița</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-memoria_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoria-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-aviatori_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aviatori-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 2 September 1944<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gerstenberg was taken by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Army" title="Soviet Army">Soviets</a> to <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, and imprisoned in the <a href="/wiki/Butyrka_prison" title="Butyrka prison">Butyrka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lefortovo_Prison" title="Lefortovo Prison">Lefortovo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Central_Prison" title="Vladimir Central Prison">Vladimir</a> prisons. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="After_the_war">After the war</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Gerstenberg&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: After the war"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gerstenberg was sentenced to 25 years of prison by Soviet military tribunal in 1952, but released on 12 October 1955 and handed over to the authorities of the <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">Federal Republic of Germany</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He died of <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bad_T%C3%B6lz" title="Bad Tölz">Bad Tölz</a> on 1 January 1959. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_decorations">Awards and decorations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Gerstenberg&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Awards and decorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Cross" title="Iron Cross">Iron Cross</a> (1914) <ul><li>2nd Class</li> <li>1st Class</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wound_Badge" title="Wound Badge">Wound Badge</a> in Black (1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_Order_of_Hohenzollern" title="House Order of Hohenzollern">Knight's Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern with Swords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honour_Cross_of_the_World_War_1914/1918" class="mw-redirect" title="Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918">Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Aeronautical_Virtue" title="Order of Aeronautical Virtue">Order of Aeronautical Virtue</a> Commander class (4 November 1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Michael_the_Brave" title="Order of Michael the Brave">Order of Michael the Brave</a> 3rd Class (3 March 1943)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Gerstenberg&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20197–8-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20197–8_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20197–8_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGerstenberg2019">Gerstenberg 2019</a>, pp. 7–8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKilduff2007173,_181-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKilduff2007173,_181_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKilduff2007">Kilduff 2007</a>, pp. 173, 181.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20199–10-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20199–10_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGerstenberg20199–10_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGerstenberg2019">Gerstenberg 2019</a>, pp. 9–10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexikon-der-wehrmacht.de/Gliederungen/KommGenLuftwaffe/GenRumaenien.htm">"Deutsche Luftwaffenmission Rumänien | Kommandierender General der deutschen Luftwaffe in Rumänien"</a>. <i>lexikon-der-wehrmacht.de</i> (in German).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lexikon-der-wehrmacht.de&rft.atitle=Deutsche+Luftwaffenmission+Rum%C3%A4nien+%7C+Kommandierender+General+der+deutschen+Luftwaffe+in+Rum%C3%A4nien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexikon-der-wehrmacht.de%2FGliederungen%2FKommGenLuftwaffe%2FGenRumaenien.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Gerstenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAxworthy1995" class="citation book cs1">Axworthy, Mark (1995). <i>Third Axis, Fourth Ally: Romanian Armed Forces in the European War, 1941–1945</i>. London: Arms and Armour. pp. 189–191.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Third+Axis%2C+Fourth+Ally%3A+Romanian+Armed+Forces+in+the+European+War%2C+1941%E2%80%931945&rft.place=London&rft.pages=189-191&rft.pub=Arms+and+Armour&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Axworthy&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Gerstenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-onoare-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-onoare_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlorin_Sperlea" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Florin Sperlea. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080119061355/http://www.presamil.ro/SMM/2005/1/Pagina%2013.htm">"Cat valoreaza onoarea pe campul de lupta?"</a>. <i>presamil.ro</i> (in Romanian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presamil.ro/SMM/2005/1/Pagina%2013.htm">the original</a> on 19 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=presamil.ro&rft.atitle=Cat+valoreaza+onoarea+pe+campul+de+lupta%3F&rft.au=Florin+Sperlea&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.presamil.ro%2FSMM%2F2005%2F1%2FPagina%252013.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Gerstenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-memoria-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-memoria_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoria_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicolae_Jurca" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nicolae Jurca. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.memoria.ro/marturii/perioade_istorice/perioada_celui_de-al_doilea_razboi_mondial/serata_de_adio_s-a_contramandat/844/">"Serata de adio s-a contramandat"</a>. <i>memoria.ro</i> (in Romanian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=memoria.ro&rft.atitle=Serata+de+adio+s-a+contramandat&rft.au=Nicolae+Jurca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.memoria.ro%2Fmarturii%2Fperioade_istorice%2Fperioada_celui_de-al_doilea_razboi_mondial%2Fserata_de_adio_s-a_contramandat%2F844%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Gerstenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aviatori-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aviatori_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aviatori_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNarcis_I._Gherghina" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Narcis I. Gherghina. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aviatori.ro/articole_details.php?id=17">"Bombardamentele germane asupra Bucureștiului: 23-26 august 1944"</a>. <i>aviatori.ro</i> (in Romanian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aviatori.ro&rft.atitle=Bombardamentele+germane+asupra+Bucure%C8%99tiului%3A+23-26+august+1944&rft.au=Narcis+I.+Gherghina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aviatori.ro%2Farticole_details.php%3Fid%3D17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Gerstenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTeofil_Oroian" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Teofil_Oroian" title="Teofil Oroian">Teofil Oroian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historia.ro/sectiune/general/cum-au-rapit-sovieticii-prizonierii-capturati-de-585351.html">"Cum au răpit sovieticii prizonierii capturați de armata română"</a>. <i>Historia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Historia&rft.atitle=Cum+au+r%C4%83pit+sovieticii+prizonierii+captura%C8%9Bi+de+armata+rom%C3%A2n%C4%83&rft.au=Teofil+Oroian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistoria.ro%2Fsectiune%2Fgeneral%2Fcum-au-rapit-sovieticii-prizonierii-capturati-de-585351.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Gerstenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hrono.ru/biograf/bio_g/gestenberga.php">"Герстенберг, Альфред Георг"</a> (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%2C+%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4+%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhrono.ru%2Fbiograf%2Fbio_g%2Fgestenberga.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Gerstenberg" class="Z3988"></span> Citing <i>Wehrmacht on the Soviet-German front. Investigative and Judicial Materials from archival criminal cases of German prisoners of war 1944-1952</i>. (S. WS. Christophorov, V.G. Makarov). M., 2011. S. 721-722 (in Russian).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKonstantin_Zalesskij2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Konstantin Zalesskij (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.e-reading.club/chapter.php/100866/7/lyuftvaffe-voenno-vozdushnye-sily-tretego-reyha.html"><i>Люфтваффе. Военно-воздушные силы Третьего рейха</i></a> [<i>Luftwaffe. Third Reich Air Force</i>] (in Russian). Jauza. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/5-699-13768-8" title="Special:BookSources/5-699-13768-8"><bdi>5-699-13768-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5.+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8B+%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%85%D0%B0&rft.pub=Jauza&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=5-699-13768-8&rft.au=Konstantin+Zalesskij&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.e-reading.club%2Fchapter.php%2F100866%2F7%2Flyuftvaffe-voenno-vozdushnye-sily-tretego-reyha.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Gerstenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Gerstenberg&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170623/https://www.lafayettefoundation.org/collection/German/Gerstenberg.html">Short biography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091027104458/http://geocities.com/~orion47/WEHRMACHT/LUFTWAFFE/Generalleutnant/GERSTENBERG_ALFRED.html">Overview of military career</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Gerstenberg&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerstenberg2019" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gerstenberg, Alfred (2019). <i>Gerstenberg își amintește</i> (in Romanian). <a href="/wiki/Bragadiru" title="Bragadiru">Bragadiru</a>: Miidecărți. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786069049372" title="Special:BookSources/9786069049372"><bdi>9786069049372</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gerstenberg+%C3%AE%C8%99i+aminte%C8%99te&rft.place=Bragadiru&rft.pub=Miidec%C4%83r%C8%9Bi&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9786069049372&rft.aulast=Gerstenberg&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Gerstenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Hillgruber" title="Andreas Hillgruber">Hillgruber, Andreas</a> (1965): Hitler, König Carol und Marschall Antonescu: die deutsch-rumänischen Beziehungen 1938–1944, Wiesbaden: Steiner.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKilduff2007" class="citation book cs1">Kilduff, Peter (2007). <i>Red Baron: The Life and Death of an Ace</i>. <a href="/wiki/David_%26_Charles" title="David & Charles">David & Charles</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780715328095" title="Special:BookSources/9780715328095"><bdi>9780715328095</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Red+Baron%3A+The+Life+and+Death+of+an+Ace&rft.pub=David+%26+Charles&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780715328095&rft.aulast=Kilduff&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Gerstenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Gerstenberg&oldid=1261061751">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Gerstenberg&oldid=1261061751</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1893_births" title="Category:1893 births">1893 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1959_deaths" title="Category:1959 deaths">1959 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_Army_personnel_of_World_War_I" title="Category:German Army personnel of World War I">German Army personnel of World War I</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Garmisch-Partenkirchen_(district)" title="Category:People from Garmisch-Partenkirchen (district)">People from Garmisch-Partenkirchen (district)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Luftwaffe_World_War_II_generals" title="Category:Luftwaffe World War II generals">Luftwaffe World War II generals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_prisoners_of_war_in_World_War_II_held_by_the_Soviet_Union" title="Category:German prisoners of war in World War II held by the Soviet Union">German prisoners of war in World War II held by the Soviet Union</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_personnel_from_the_Kingdom_of_Bavaria" title="Category:Military personnel from the Kingdom of Bavaria">Military personnel from the Kingdom of Bavaria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prussian_Army_personnel" title="Category:Prussian Army personnel">Prussian Army personnel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Luftstreitkr%C3%A4fte_personnel" title="Category:Luftstreitkräfte personnel">Luftstreitkräfte personnel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Reichswehr_personnel" title="Category:Reichswehr personnel">Reichswehr personnel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_deaths_from_tuberculosis" title="Category:20th-century deaths from tuberculosis">20th-century deaths from tuberculosis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Recipients_of_the_Order_of_Michael_the_Brave" title="Category:Recipients of the Order of Michael the Brave">Recipients of the Order of Michael the Brave</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lieutenant_generals_of_the_Luftwaffe" title="Category:Lieutenant generals of the Luftwaffe">Lieutenant generals of the Luftwaffe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tuberculosis_deaths_in_Germany" title="Category:Tuberculosis deaths in Germany">Tuberculosis deaths in Germany</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Romanian-language_sources_(ro)" title="Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)">CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Russian-language_sources_(ru)" title="Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)">CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 4 December 2024, at 01:04<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; 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