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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>University and early career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_and_early_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family_and_early_political_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family_and_early_political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Family and early political career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family_and_early_political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Provincial_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Provincial_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Provincial politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Provincial_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federal_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Federal politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Federal_politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Federal politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Federal_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-David_Milgaard" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#David_Milgaard"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>David Milgaard</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-David_Milgaard-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prime_minister_(June–November_1993)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prime_minister_(June–November_1993)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Prime minister (June–November 1993)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prime_minister_(June–November_1993)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Prime minister (June–November 1993) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Prime_minister_(June–November_1993)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1993_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1993_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>1993 election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1993_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Campaign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Election_defeat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_defeat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2</span> <span>Election defeat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Election_defeat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-political_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Post-political career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scholastic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scholastic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Scholastic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scholastic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Appointments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Appointments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Appointments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Appointments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memberships_and_fellowships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memberships_and_fellowships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Memberships and fellowships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memberships_and_fellowships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Archives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Archives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kim Campbell</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 58 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%84" title="كيم كامبل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كيم كامبل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kempbel" title="Kim Kempbel – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kim Kempbel" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Кім Кэмпбел – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кім Кэмпбел" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbellov%C3%A1" title="Kim Campbellová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kim Campbellová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A8%D9%84" title="کیم کمپبل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کیم کمپبل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%82%B4_%EC%BA%A0%EB%B2%A8" title="킴 캠벨 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="킴 캠벨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%AB%D5%B4_%D5%94%D5%A5%D5%B4%D6%83%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Քիմ Քեմփբել – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քիմ Քեմփբել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%91%D7%9C" title="קים קמפבל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קים קמפבל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="კიმ კემპბელი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კიმ კემპბელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Ким Кэмбелл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ким Кэмбелл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BD" title="കിം കാംബെൽ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കിം കാംബെൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="किम कॅम्पबेल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="किम कॅम्पबेल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%84" title="كيم كامبل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كيم كامبل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A8%D9%84" title="کیم کمپبل – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کیم کمپبل" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="किम क्याम्पबेल – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="किम क्याम्पबेल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB" title="キム・キャンベル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キム・キャンベル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%90%D9%85_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A8%D9%84" title="کېم کمپبل – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کېم کمپبل" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB,_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Кэмпбелл, Ким – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кэмпбелл, Ким" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbellov%C3%A1" title="Kim Campbellová – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kim Campbellová" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A8%DB%8E%D9%84" title="کیم کامپبێل – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کیم کامپبێل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Ким Кембел – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ким Кембел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5" title="คิม แคมป์เบล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คิม แคมป์เบล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Кім Кемпбелл – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кім Кемпбелл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%84" title="کم کیمبل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کم کیمبل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%9C" title="קים קעמפבעל – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קים קעמפבעל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kim Campbell" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%C2%B7%E5%9D%8E%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" title="金·坎贝尔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="金·坎贝尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Prime Minister of Canada in 1993</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the American military pilot, see <a href="/wiki/Kim_Campbell_(pilot)" title="Kim Campbell (pilot)">Kim Campbell (pilot)</a>. For the fictional British television character, see <a href="/wiki/Kim_Campbell_(Waterloo_Road)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kim Campbell (Waterloo Road)">Kim Campbell (Waterloo Road)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Kim Campbell</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="King's Privy Council for Canada">PC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">CC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_British_Columbia" title="Order of British Columbia">OBC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Counsel" title="King's Counsel">KC</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kim_Campbell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kim_Campbell.jpg/220px-Kim_Campbell.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kim_Campbell.jpg/330px-Kim_Campbell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kim_Campbell.jpg/440px-Kim_Campbell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1894" data-file-height="2668" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Campbell in 2012</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">19th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />June 25, 1993 – November 4, 1993</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governor General</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Hnatyshyn" title="Ray Hnatyshyn">Ray Hnatyshyn</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Canada">Deputy</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Charest" title="Jean Charest">Jean Charest</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada#Party_leaders" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />June 13, 1993 – December 14, 1993</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Brian Mulroney</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Charest" title="Jean Charest">Jean Charest</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">Minister of National Defence</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 4, 1993 – June 25, 1993</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Brian Mulroney</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Masse" title="Marcel Masse">Marcel Masse</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Siddon" title="Tom Siddon">Tom Siddon</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Veterans_Affairs_(Canada)" title="Minister of Veterans Affairs (Canada)">Minister of Veterans Affairs</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 4, 1993 – June 25, 1993</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Brian Mulroney</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Merrithew" title="Gerald Merrithew">Gerald Merrithew</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Peter_McCreath" title="Peter McCreath">Peter McCreath</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_and_Attorney_General_of_Canada" title="Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada">Minister of Justice and Attorney General</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />February 23, 1990 – January 3, 1993</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Brian Mulroney</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Doug_Lewis_(politician)" title="Doug Lewis (politician)">Doug Lewis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Blais" title="Pierre Blais">Pierre Blais</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_state_(Canada)" title="Minister of state (Canada)">Minister of State (Indian Affairs and Northern Development)</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 30, 1989 – February 22, 1990</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Brian Mulroney</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Cadieux" title="Pierre Cadieux">Pierre Cadieux</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Valcourt" title="Bernard Valcourt">Bernard Valcourt</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Martin" title="Shirley Martin">Shirley Martin</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-bottom:-.65em; ; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; border:1px dashed lightgrey;;"><div style="text-align: center; padding: 0 0.4em; margin: 0 3.3em">Parliamentary constituencies </div></th> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">Member of Parliament</a><br />for <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Vancouver Centre">Vancouver Centre</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />November 21, 1988 – October 25, 1993</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Carney" title="Pat Carney">Pat Carney</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hedy_Fry" title="Hedy Fry">Hedy Fry</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Legislative_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="British Columbia Legislative Assembly">British Columbia Legislative Assembly</a></span><br />for <a href="/wiki/Vancouver-Point_Grey" title="Vancouver-Point Grey">Vancouver-Point Grey</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />September 24, 1986 – November 21, 1988<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with <a href="/wiki/Darlene_Marzari" title="Darlene Marzari">Darlene Marzari</a></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pat_McGeer" title="Pat McGeer">Pat McGeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garde_Gardom" title="Garde Gardom">Garde Gardom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Perry_(politician)" title="Tom Perry (politician)">Tom Perry</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Avril Phaedra Douglas Campbell</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1947-03-10</span>) </span>March 10, 1947<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 77)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Port_Alberni" title="Port Alberni">Port Alberni</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>, Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (since 2003)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political<br />affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-Partisan_Association" title="Non-Partisan Association">NPA</a> (1980–1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Social_Credit_Party" title="British Columbia Social Credit Party">BC Social Credit</a><br />(1983–1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative</a> (1988–2003)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Divinsky" title="Nathan Divinsky">Nathan Divinsky</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1972; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1983)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Howard Eddy</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1986; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1993)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hershey_Felder" title="Hershey Felder">Hershey Felder</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1997)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">University of British Columbia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws" title="Bachelor of Laws">LLB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kim_Campbell_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kim Campbell's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Kim_Campbell_Signature.svg/128px-Kim_Campbell_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Kim_Campbell_Signature.svg/192px-Kim_Campbell_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Kim_Campbell_Signature.svg/256px-Kim_Campbell_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="162" data-file-height="42" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Avril Phaedra Douglas</b> "<b>Kim</b>" <b>Campbell</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="King's Privy Council for Canada">PC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">CC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_British_Columbia" title="Order of British Columbia">OBC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Counsel" title="King's Counsel">KC</a></span></span> (born March 10, 1947) is a former Canadian politician, diplomat, lawyer, and writer who served as the 19th <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime minister of Canada">prime minister of Canada</a> from June 1993 until her <a href="/wiki/1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="1993 Canadian federal election">defeat</a> in November that same year. Campbell is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_the_first_women_holders_of_political_offices_in_North_America" title="List of the first women holders of political offices in North America">first</a> and only female prime minister of Canada. Prior to becoming the final <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative</a> (PC) prime minister, she was also the first woman to serve as <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_and_Attorney_General_of_Canada" title="Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada">minister of justice</a> in Canadian history and the first woman to become minister of defence in a <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> member state.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Campbell was first elected to the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Legislative_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="British Columbia Legislative Assembly">British Columbia Legislative Assembly</a> as a member of the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Social_Credit_Party" title="British Columbia Social Credit Party">British Columbia Social Credit Party</a> in 1986 before being elected to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons of Canada</a> as a PC in 1988. Under Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a>, she occupied numerous cabinet positions including <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_and_Attorney_General_of_Canada" title="Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada">minister of justice and attorney general</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Veterans_Affairs_(Canada)" title="Minister of Veterans Affairs (Canada)">minister of veterans affairs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">minister of national defence</a> from 1990 to 1993. Campbell became the new prime minister in June 1993 after Mulroney resigned in the wake of declining popularity. In the <a href="/wiki/1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="1993 Canadian federal election">1993 Canadian federal election</a> in October of that year, the Progressive Conservatives were decimated, losing all but two seats from a previous majority, with Campbell losing her own. Her 132-day premiership is the third-shortest in Canadian history.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Campbell was also the first <a href="/wiki/Baby_boomer" class="mw-redirect" title="Baby boomer">baby boomer</a> to hold the office, as well as the only prime minister born in <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is the chairperson for the Canadian <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Canada" title="Supreme Court of Canada">Supreme Court</a> advisory board.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Campbell was born in <a href="/wiki/Port_Alberni" title="Port Alberni">Port Alberni</a>, British Columbia, the daughter of Phyllis "Lissa" Margaret (née Cook; 1923–2013) and George Thomas Campbell (1920–2002), a barrister who had served with <a href="/wiki/The_Seaforth_Highlanders_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="The Seaforth Highlanders of Canada">the Seaforth Highlanders of Canada</a> in Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her father was born in <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, to Scottish parents from <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While she was in her preteens, Campbell and her family moved to <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>. Campbell was one of five co-hosts and reporters on the <a href="/wiki/CBC_Television" title="CBC Television">CBC</a> children's program <i><a href="/wiki/Junior_Television_Club" title="Junior Television Club">Junior Television Club</a></i>, which aired in May and June 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her mother left when Campbell was 12, leaving Kim and her sister Alix to be raised by their father. As a teenager, Campbell nicknamed herself Kim. In Vancouver, Campbell attended <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales_Secondary_School" title="Prince of Wales Secondary School">Prince of Wales Secondary School</a> and was a top student. She became the school's first female student president, and graduated in 1964. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="University_and_early_career">University and early career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: University and early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Campbell earned an honours bachelor's degree in political science from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">University of British Columbia</a>, graduating in 1969. She was active in the student government and served as the school's first female president of the freshman class. She then completed a year of graduate study at that school, to qualify for doctoral-level studies.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campbell entered the <a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a> in 1970 to study towards her doctorate in Soviet government and spent three months touring the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> from April to June 1972. She had spent several years studying the <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian language</a> and claimed she was nearly fluent,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although when asked to say a few words of welcome by a reporter to <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> during his visit to Canada in 1993, she could not and could only say "Hello Mr. Yeltsin".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campbell ultimately left her doctoral studies, returning to live in Vancouver after marrying <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Divinsky" title="Nathan Divinsky">Nathan Divinsky</a>, her longtime partner, in 1972. She earned an <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws" title="Bachelor of Laws">LL.B.</a> from the University of British Columbia in 1983. She was <a href="/wiki/Call_to_the_bar" title="Call to the bar">called</a> to the British Columbia <a href="/wiki/Bar_(law)" title="Bar (law)">Bar</a> in 1984, and practised law in Vancouver until 1986. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family_and_early_political_career">Family and early political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Family and early political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During her marriage to Divinsky, Campbell lectured part-time in political science at the University of British Columbia and at <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Community_College" title="Vancouver Community College">Vancouver Community College</a>. While still attending law school, she entered politics as a trustee on the <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_School_Board" title="Vancouver School Board">Vancouver School Board</a>, becoming, in 1983, the chair of that board and serving in 1984 as its vice-chair. She once claimed to have told the board to "back off", although others alleged that she said "fuck off".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In total, she was a trustee there from 1980 to 1984. Campbell and Divinsky were divorced in 1983, and Campbell married Howard Eddy in 1986, a marriage that lasted until shortly before she became prime minister. Campbell is the second prime minister of Canada to have been divorced, after <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a>. </p><p>She briefly dated <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Lekhtman" title="Gregory Lekhtman">Gregory Lekhtman</a>, the inventor of Exerlopers, during her term as prime minister, but the relationship was relatively private and she did not involve him in <a href="/wiki/1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="1993 Canadian federal election">the 1993 election campaign</a>. </p><p>She is currently married to <a href="/wiki/Hershey_Felder" title="Hershey Felder">Hershey Felder</a>, an actor, playwright, composer, and concert pianist.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2022, she lived outside Florence, Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Provincial_politics">Provincial politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Provincial politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Campbell was the unsuccessful <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Social_Credit_Party" title="British Columbia Social Credit Party">British Columbia Social Credit Party</a> candidate in <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Centre_(provincial_electoral_district)" title="Vancouver Centre (provincial electoral district)">Vancouver Centre</a> for a seat in the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_British_Columbia" title="Legislative Assembly of British Columbia">Legislative Assembly of British Columbia</a> in 1983, receiving 12,740 votes (19.3% in a double-member riding). She then briefly worked in the office of Premier <a href="/wiki/Bill_Bennett" title="Bill Bennett">Bill Bennett</a>. Campbell ran unsuccessfully for the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Social_Credit_Party_leadership_elections#1986_leadership_convention" title="British Columbia Social Credit Party leadership elections">leadership of the Social Credit party the summer of 1986</a> (placing last with 14 votes from delegates), but was elected in October 1986 to the British Columbia Legislative Assembly as a Social Credit member for <a href="/wiki/Vancouver-Point_Grey" title="Vancouver-Point Grey">Vancouver-Point Grey</a>, getting 19,716 votes (23.2%, also in a double-member riding). Consigned to the <a href="/wiki/Backbench" class="mw-redirect" title="Backbench">backbenches</a>, she became disenchanted with Premier <a href="/wiki/Bill_Vander_Zalm" title="Bill Vander Zalm">Bill Vander Zalm</a>'s leadership and broke with him and Social Credit over the issue of <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a>, which Vander Zalm opposed. Campbell decided to leave provincial politics and enter federal politics.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Federal_politics">Federal politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Federal politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Campbell was elected in the <a href="/wiki/1988_Canadian_federal_election" title="1988 Canadian federal election">1988 federal election</a> as the member of Parliament (MP) for <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Vancouver Centre">Vancouver Centre</a>. She won the party nomination after the incumbent, <a href="/wiki/Pat_Carney" title="Pat Carney">Pat Carney</a>, declined to stand for renomination. In 1989, Campbell was appointed to the cabinet as <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State (Canada)">minister of state</a> (Indian affairs and northern development), a junior role to the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Crown%E2%80%93Indigenous_Relations" title="Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations">minister of Indian and northern affairs</a>. From 1990 to 1993, she held the post of <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Justice (Canada)">minister of justice and attorney general</a>, overseeing notable amendments to the <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Code_(Canada)" title="Criminal Code (Canada)">Criminal Code</a> in the areas of firearms control and sexual assault. In 1990, following the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Canada" title="Supreme Court of Canada">Supreme Court</a>'s decision to invalidate the country's abortion law, Campbell was responsible for introducing Bill C-43 to govern <a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Canada" title="Abortion in Canada">abortions in Canada</a>. Although it passed the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a>, it failed to pass the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senate</a>, leaving Canada with no national law governing abortions.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1993, Campbell was transferred to the posts of <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">minister of national defence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Veterans_Affairs_(Canada)" title="Minister of Veterans Affairs (Canada)">minister of veterans affairs</a>. Notable events during her tenure included dealing with the controversial issue of <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Sea_King_replacement" title="Canadian Sea King replacement">replacing shipborne helicopters for the navy</a> and for search-and-rescue units. The actions by <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Airborne_Regiment" title="Canadian Airborne Regiment">Canadian Airborne Regiment</a> in the scandal known as the <a href="/wiki/Somalia_Affair" class="mw-redirect" title="Somalia Affair">Somalia Affair</a> also first emerged while Campbell was minister.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the Liberal Party of Canada took power, the incident became the subject of a lengthy public inquiry, continuing to focus attention on Campbell and the PCs, but with significant blame being placed with the military's, not government's, leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="David_Milgaard">David Milgaard</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: David Milgaard"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Upon assumption of the Justice portfolio, Campbell was handed the petition for a new trial in the case of <a href="/wiki/David_Milgaard" title="David Milgaard">David Milgaard</a>, a man who had been <a href="/wiki/Wrongful_conviction" class="mw-redirect" title="Wrongful conviction">wrongfully convicted</a> for murder in 1970 and spent decades trying to clear his name before being exonerated in 1993. In her autobiography, <i><a href="/wiki/Time_and_Chance_(Kim_Campbell)" class="mw-redirect" title="Time and Chance (Kim Campbell)">Time and Chance</a>,</i> Campbell wrote that she came under "considerable pressure" from the public and was "bombarded with questions from the media and [from opposition MPs] in Question Period" about the case before she was even officially assigned to Milgaard's petition to direct a new trial in the case.<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell2017-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She said that her decision was delayed by Milgaard's legal team's repeated addition of new submissions to the appeal, which she was not allowed to review until all such submissions were complete.<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell2017-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In mid-January 1991, she informed Milgaard's legal team that evidence was insufficient to grant the petition.<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell2017-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When later Mulroney was confronted by Milgaard's mother, he had "saluted her courage and determination and ... show[n] his concern for her son's health", which "blindsided" and "floored" Campbell and was interpreted by media and some MPs as evidence that the prime minister had taken sides in the case.<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell2017-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campbell says she "told the press [that] Mulroney was much too good a lawyer to intervene improperly" and "never breathed a word" to her about it, nor did anyone in his office attempt to influence her decision.<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell2017-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this, she wrote, Milgaard's mother "is convinced he did, and the media accepted this view," which made it difficult for her to convince others that her officials were motivated solely by "a desire to make the right decision."<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell2017-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prime_minister_(June–November_1993)"><span id="Prime_minister_.28June.E2.80.93November_1993.29"></span>Prime minister (June–November 1993)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Prime minister (June–November 1993)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Bill_Clinton_News_Conference_With_Prime_Minister_Kim_Campbell_of_Canada_(42-WHPO-P05407-03-1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/President_Bill_Clinton_News_Conference_With_Prime_Minister_Kim_Campbell_of_Canada_%2842-WHPO-P05407-03-1%29.jpg/220px-President_Bill_Clinton_News_Conference_With_Prime_Minister_Kim_Campbell_of_Canada_%2842-WHPO-P05407-03-1%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/President_Bill_Clinton_News_Conference_With_Prime_Minister_Kim_Campbell_of_Canada_%2842-WHPO-P05407-03-1%29.jpg/330px-President_Bill_Clinton_News_Conference_With_Prime_Minister_Kim_Campbell_of_Canada_%2842-WHPO-P05407-03-1%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/President_Bill_Clinton_News_Conference_With_Prime_Minister_Kim_Campbell_of_Canada_%2842-WHPO-P05407-03-1%29.jpg/440px-President_Bill_Clinton_News_Conference_With_Prime_Minister_Kim_Campbell_of_Canada_%2842-WHPO-P05407-03-1%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5464" data-file-height="3661" /></a><figcaption>Campbell speaking with US president <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> at a news conference during the <a href="/wiki/19th_G7_summit" title="19th G7 summit">G7 Summit</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, July 1993.</figcaption></figure> <p>Mulroney entered 1993 facing a federal election. By then, his popularity had markedly declined, and polls suggested that the Tories would be heavily defeated if he led them into that year's election. In February 1993, Mulroney announced his retirement from politics, to take effect after his successor had been chosen. Campbell entered the party leadership race to succeed Mulroney. Campbell had served in four cabinet portfolios prior to running for the party leadership, including three years as minister of justice, and garnered the support of more than half the PC caucus when she declared for the leadership. </p><p>She defeated <a href="/wiki/Jean_Charest" title="Jean Charest">Jean Charest</a> at the <a href="/wiki/1993_Progressive_Conservative_leadership_election" title="1993 Progressive Conservative leadership election">Progressive Conservative leadership convention</a> that June, and Governor General <a href="/wiki/Ray_Hnatyshyn" title="Ray Hnatyshyn">Ray Hnatyshyn</a> appointed her prime minister on June 25. As a concession to Charest, Campbell appointed him to the posts of <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Canada">deputy prime minister</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Industry,_Science_and_Technology_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Industry, Science and Technology (Canada)">minister of industry, science, and technology</a>—the first largely symbolic, and the second a significant cabinet portfolio position. </p><p>After becoming party leader and prime minister, Campbell set about reorganizing the cabinet. She cut it from 35 to 23 ministers; she consolidated ministries by creating three new ministries: Health, Canadian Heritage, and Public Security. Campbell extensively campaigned during the summer, touring the nation and attending barbecues and other events. In August 1993, a <a href="/wiki/The_Gallup_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="The Gallup Organization">Gallup</a> Canada poll showed Campbell as having a 51% approval rating, which placed her as Canada's most popular prime minister in 30 years.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of the summer, her personal popularity had increased greatly, far surpassing that of <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal Party</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Support for the Progressive Conservative Party had also increased to within a few points of the Liberals, while the <a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_Canada" title="Reform Party of Canada">Reform Party</a> had been reduced to single digits. </p><p>Campbell was the first Canadian prime minister not to have resided at <a href="/wiki/24_Sussex_Drive" title="24 Sussex Drive">24 Sussex Drive</a> since that address became the official home of the prime minister of Canada in 1951. Mulroney remained at 24 Sussex while renovations on his new home in Montreal were being completed. Campbell instead took up residence at <a href="/wiki/Harrington_Lake" title="Harrington Lake">Harrington Lake</a>, the PM's summer and weekend retreat, located in rural Quebec, north of Ottawa, and she did not move into 24 Sussex after Mulroney left. Like <a href="/wiki/Charles_Tupper" title="Charles Tupper">Charles Tupper</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Turner" title="John Turner">John Turner</a>, Campbell never faced a Parliament during her brief tenure, as her term was filled by the summer break and the election campaign. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1993_election">1993 election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1993 election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="1993 Canadian federal election">1993 Canadian federal election</a></div> <p>Campbell waited as long as she could before asking Hnatyshyn to dissolve Parliament on September 8, only weeks before Parliament was due to expire. The <a href="/wiki/1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="1993 Canadian federal election">election</a> was scheduled for October 25, the latest date it could be legally held under Section 4 of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Charter_of_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms">Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms</a>. </p><p>The Progressive Conservatives (PCs) were optimistic that they would be able to remain in power, and if not, would at least be a strong <a href="/wiki/Opposition_(parliamentary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition (parliamentary)">opposition</a> to a Liberal <a href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">minority government</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Campaign">Campaign</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Campbell's initial popularity declined after the election was called. When she was running for the party leadership, Campbell's frank honesty was seen as an important asset and a sharp contrast from Mulroney's highly polished style. However, this backfired when she told reporters at a <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Hall" title="Rideau Hall">Rideau Hall</a> event that the deficit or unemployment was unlikely to be much reduced before the "end of the century". During the election campaign, she further stated that discussing a complete overhaul of Canada's social policies in all their complexities could not be done in just 47 days; this statement was reduced to her having stated that an election is no time to discuss important issues. </p><p>The PCs' support tailed off as the campaign progressed. By October, polls showed the Liberals were well on their way to at least a minority government, and would probably win a majority without dramatic measures. Even at this point, Campbell was still considerably more popular than Liberal leader Jean Chrétien. In hopes of stemming the tide, the PC campaign team put together a <a href="/wiki/1993_Chr%C3%A9tien_attack_ad" title="1993 Chrétien attack ad">series of ads attacking the Liberal leader</a>. The second ad appeared to mock Chrétien's <a href="/wiki/Bell%27s_palsy" title="Bell's palsy">Bell's palsy</a> facial paralysis and generated a severe backlash from the media,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with some PC candidates calling for the ad to be pulled from broadcasts. Campbell disavowed direct responsibility for the ad and claimed to have ordered it off the air over her staff's objections.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the campaign, the PC support plummeted into the tens, while the Liberals, the Reform Party, and the <a href="/wiki/Bloc_Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois" title="Bloc Québécois">Bloc Québécois</a> gained in the <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Opinion polling for the 1993 Canadian federal election">polls</a>. This assured that the Liberals would win a majority government. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Election_defeat">Election defeat</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Election defeat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On election night, October 25, the PCs were swept from power in a Liberal <a href="/wiki/Landslide_victory" title="Landslide victory">landslide</a>. Campbell herself was defeated in Vancouver Centre by rookie Liberal <a href="/wiki/Hedy_Fry" title="Hedy Fry">Hedy Fry</a>. She conceded defeat with the remark, "Gee, I'm glad I didn't sell my car."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was only the third time in Canadian history that a prime minister lost his or her local riding at the same time that his or her party lost an election (the first two times both happened to <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Meighen" title="Arthur Meighen">Arthur Meighen</a>, who lost his seat in 1921 and then again in 1926). The PC caucus was reduced to two seats. All PC Members of Parliament running for re-election lost their seats, with the lone exception of Jean Charest, who was also the only surviving member of Campbell's cabinet. Charest was joined by the newly elected <a href="/wiki/Elsie_Wayne" title="Elsie Wayne">Elsie Wayne</a>. The PCs' previous support largely bled to the Liberals in Atlantic Canada and Ontario, while Reform inherited virtually all of the former Tory support in the West. The Bloc Québécois inherited most soft-nationalist Tory support in <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, and in some cases pushed cabinet ministers from Quebec into third place. </p><p>The PCs still finished with over two million votes, taking third place in the popular vote, and falling only two percentage points short of Reform for second place. However, as a consequence of the <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">first-past-the-post voting</a> system, PC support was not concentrated in enough areas to translate into victories in individual ridings. As a result, the Tories won only two seats, compared to Reform's 52 and the Bloc's 54. It was the worst defeat in party history, and the worst defeat ever suffered by a Canadian governing party at the federal level. </p><p>Some have pointed to gender inequality as a major contributing factor to her historic loss. <a href="/wiki/University_of_New_Brunswick" title="University of New Brunswick">University of New Brunswick</a> professor Joanna Everitt writes that while the media simply reported the facts about rival male leaders such as Jean Chrétien, Campbell's actions were usually interpreted as having some motive (drawing up support, appealing to a group, etc.)<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additionally, Mulroney left office as one of the most (and according to Campbell, <i>the</i> most)<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> unpopular prime ministers since opinion polling began in the 1940s. He considerably hampered his own party's campaign effort by staging a very lavish international farewell tour at taxpayer expense, and by delaying his retirement until only <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">2<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> months were left in the Tories' five-year mandate. </p><p>Canadian humourist <a href="/wiki/Will_Ferguson" title="Will Ferguson">Will Ferguson</a> suggested that Campbell should receive "some of the blame" for her party's losses, but that "taking over the party leadership from Brian (Mulroney) was a lot like taking over the controls of a 747 just before it plunges into the Rockies".<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 13, 1993, Campbell resigned as party leader; Jean Charest succeeded her. Due to the brevity of her tenure as both prime minister (less than four years) and federal MP (less than six years), Campbell did not qualify for a prime ministerial or even a federal parliamentary pension.<sup id="cite_ref-Frequently_asked_questions:_Members_of_Parliament_Pension_Plan_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frequently_asked_questions:_Members_of_Parliament_Pension_Plan-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_House_of_Commons_and_Its_Members_-_Remuneration,_Pensions_and_Entitlements_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_House_of_Commons_and_Its_Members_-_Remuneration,_Pensions_and_Entitlements-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kim_Campbell_on_Twitter_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kim_Campbell_on_Twitter-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-political_career">Post-political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Post-political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite her dramatic loss in the election, Canadian women's magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Chatelaine_(magazine)" title="Chatelaine (magazine)">Chatelaine</a></i> named Campbell as its Woman of the Year for 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She published an autobiography, <i><a href="/wiki/Time_and_Chance_(Kim_Campbell)" class="mw-redirect" title="Time and Chance (Kim Campbell)">Time and Chance</a>,</i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-770-42738-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-770-42738-3">0-770-42738-3</a>) in 1996. The book became a Canadian bestseller and is in its third edition from the University of Alberta Bookstore Press (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/000010132X" title="Special:BookSources/000010132X">000010132X</a>). </p><p>She was briefly rumoured to be sent to <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> as the ambassador to Russia,<sup id="cite_ref-desb_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-desb-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but in 1996, Campbell was appointed <a href="/wiki/Consul_general" class="mw-redirect" title="Consul general">consul general</a> to <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> by the Chrétien government, a post in which she remained until 2000. While she was there, she collaborated with her husband, composer, playwright, and actor Hershey Felder, on the production of a musical, <i>Noah's Ark</i>. </p><p>From 1999 to 2003, she chaired the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Women_World_Leaders" title="Council of Women World Leaders">Council of Women World Leaders</a>, a network of women who hold or have held the office of president or prime minister. She was succeeded by former Irish president <a href="/wiki/Mary_Robinson" title="Mary Robinson">Mary Robinson</a>. From 2003 until 2005, she served as president of the <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Forum" title="International Women's Forum">International Women's Forum</a>, a global organization of women of prominent achievement, with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_DC" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington, DC">Washington, DC</a>. From 2001 to 2004, she was with the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Public_Leadership" title="Center for Public Leadership">Center for Public Leadership</a> and lectured at the <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_School_of_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Kennedy School of Government">John F. Kennedy School of Government</a> at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. She has served as a director of several publicly traded companies in high technology and biotechnology and currently sits on the board of Athenex, a biopharmaceutical company that had its initial public offering on June 14, 2017, and trades under the ticker symbol ATNX. </p><p>Campbell chaired the steering committee of the <a href="/wiki/World_Movement_for_Democracy" title="World Movement for Democracy">World Movement for Democracy</a> from 2008 to 2015. She served on the board of the <a href="/wiki/International_Crisis_Group" title="International Crisis Group">International Crisis Group</a>, a non-government organization (NGO) that aims to prevent and resolve deadly conflicts. She served on the board of the <a href="/wiki/Forum_of_Federations" title="Forum of Federations">Forum of Federations</a>, the <a href="/wiki/EastWest_Institute" title="EastWest Institute">EastWest Institute</a>, and is a founding trustee of <a href="/wiki/The_International_Centre_for_the_Study_of_Radicalisation_and_Political_Violence" class="mw-redirect" title="The International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and Political Violence">The International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and Political Violence</a> at <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a>. She was a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Club_de_Madrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Club de Madrid">Club de Madrid</a>, an independent organization whose main purpose is to strengthen democracy in the world. Its membership is by invitation only and consists of former heads of state and government. At different times, Campbell has served as its interim president, vice president, and from 2004 to 2006, its <a href="/wiki/Secretary_general" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary general">secretary general</a>. Campbell was the founding chair of the International Advisory Board of the Ukrainian <a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Effective_Governance" class="mw-redirect" title="Foundation for Effective Governance">Foundation for Effective Governance</a>, an NGO formed in September 2007 with the aid of businessman <a href="/wiki/Rinat_Akhmetov" title="Rinat Akhmetov">Rinat Akhmetov</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/2006_Canadian_federal_election" title="2006 Canadian federal election">2006 election campaign</a>, Campbell endorsed the candidacy of Tony Fogarassy, the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative</a> candidate in Campbell's former riding of Vancouver Centre; Fogarassy went on to lose the election, placing a distant third. At that time, Campbell also clarified to reporters that she was a supporter of the new Conservative Party (formed in 2003 as a result of a merger of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Alliance" title="Canadian Alliance">Canadian Alliance</a> with the party that Campbell had formerly led, the Progressive Conservatives); however, she later clarified in 2019 that she had, in fact, never joined the Conservative Party as an official member.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While testifying in April 2009 at the Mulroney–Schreiber <a href="/wiki/Airbus_affair" title="Airbus affair">Airbus inquiry</a>, Campbell said she still followed Canadian politics "intermittently".<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2014, Campbell was appointed the founding principal of the new Peter Lougheed Leadership College at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta" title="University of Alberta">University of Alberta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She has appeared on the <a href="/wiki/CBC_Television" title="CBC Television">CBC Television</a> program <i><a href="/wiki/Canada%27s_Next_Great_Prime_Minister" title="Canada's Next Great Prime Minister">Canada's Next Great Prime Minister</a></i>, a show that profiles and selects young prospective leaders, and has also been an occasional panellist on <i><a href="/wiki/Real_Time_with_Bill_Maher" title="Real Time with Bill Maher">Real Time with Bill Maher</a></i>. </p><p>On August 2, 2016, Liberal prime minister <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> announced that Campbell had agreed to chair a seven-person committee to prepare a short list of candidates to succeed <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cromwell_(jurist)" title="Thomas Cromwell (jurist)">Thomas Cromwell</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Canada" title="Supreme Court of Canada">Supreme Court of Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In mid-October 2016, the committee announced that it would recommend the appointment of <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Rowe" title="Malcolm Rowe">Malcolm Rowe</a> to the court, and he was sworn in on October 31 as the first Supreme Court justice to hail from <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2019, Campbell faced controversy when she said that she hoped that <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Dorian" title="Hurricane Dorian">Hurricane Dorian</a> would directly hit U.S. president <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Mar-a-Lago" title="Mar-a-Lago">Mar-a-Lago</a> estate in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>. The President's son <a href="/wiki/Eric_Trump" title="Eric Trump">Eric</a> responded to Campbell, saying that his family was "rooting for the safety" of those impacted by the hurricane. Campbell soon deleted the tweet and apologized for the remarks.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Campbell courted controversy on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> by claiming that female newscasters who expose their "arms" on TV are taken less seriously,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> despite having once posed with bare shoulders herself in a famously suggestive photograph.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Campbell revealed to <i><a href="/wiki/Maclean%27s" title="Maclean's">Maclean's</a></i> in 2019 that she could not survive in the Conservative Party. She said: "It's too intolerant; it's too right-wing."<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She later argued after the <a href="/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election" title="2019 Canadian federal election">2019 federal election</a> that Conservative leader <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Scheer" title="Andrew Scheer">Andrew Scheer</a> was untrustworthy, stating "He's hard to trust, and that's really it."<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2022, Campbell attended <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Elizabeth_II" title="Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II">state funeral</a>, along with other former Canadian prime ministers.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the eve of <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a> in March 2024, Campbell revealed on the "Beyond a Ballot" podcast that while she believes that there are good people in the Conservative Party, she could not support current leader, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Poilievre" title="Pierre Poilievre">Pierre Poilievre</a>, because she believes that he is a "liar and a hate-monger".<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output 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height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section of a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>needs additional <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons#Remove_contentious_material_that_is_unsourced_or_poorly_sourced" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Contentious material</a> about living persons that is unsourced or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources#Questionable_and_self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">poorly sourced</a> <b>must be removed immediately</b> from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel" title="Wikipedia:Libel">libelous</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Kim+Campbell%22">"Kim Campbell"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Kim+Campbell%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Kim+Campbell%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Kim+Campbell%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Kim+Campbell%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Kim+Campbell%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>As justice minister, Campbell brought about a <a href="/wiki/Sexual_assault#Canada" title="Sexual assault">new sexual assault law</a> that clarified sexual assault and whose passage firmly entrenched that in cases involving sexual assault, "no means <i>no</i>". She also introduced the <a href="/wiki/Rape_shield_law" title="Rape shield law">rape shield law</a>, legislation that protects a person's sexual past from being explored during trial. Her legacy of supporting sexual victims has been confirmed through her work with the Peter Lougheed Leadership College at the University of Alberta, where the inaugural cohort of scholars proposed that the college immediately implement mandatory education regarding sexual assault for students, which Campbell readily accepted.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since Parliament never sat during Campbell's four months as a prime minister,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> she was unable to bring forth new legislation, which must be passed by Parliament. She did implement radical changes, though, to the structure of the Canadian government. Under her tenure, the federal cabinet's size was cut from over 35 cabinet ministers and ministers of state to 23. This included the redesign of eight ministries and the abolition or merging of 15 others.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Chrétien government retained these new ministries when it took office. The number of cabinet committees was reduced from 11 to five. Her successors have continued to keep the size of the federal cabinet to about 30 members. She was also the first prime minister to convene a First Ministers' conference for consultation prior to representing Canada at the <a href="/wiki/G7" title="G7">G7</a> Summit. Due to her brief time in office, Campbell holds a unique spot among Canadian prime ministers in that she made no <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senate</a> appointments. </p><p>Campbell harshly criticized Mulroney for not allowing her to succeed him before June 1993. In her view, when she became prime minister, she had very little time or chance to make up ground on the Liberals once her initial popularity faded. In her memoirs, <i>Time and Chance</i>, and in her response to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Mulroney_Tapes" title="The Secret Mulroney Tapes">The Secret Mulroney Tapes</a>,</i> Campbell suggested that Mulroney knew the Tories would be defeated in the upcoming election, and wanted a "scapegoat who would bear the burden of his unpopularity" rather than a viable successor. The cause of the 1993 debacle remains disputed, with some arguing that the election results were a vote against Mulroney rather than a rejection of Campbell, and others suggesting that the poorly run Campbell campaign was the key factor in the result. </p><p>Although the Progressive Conservatives survived as a distinct political party for another decade after the 1993 debacle, they never recovered their previous standing. During that period they were led by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Charest" title="Jean Charest">Jean Charest</a> (1993–1998), <a href="/wiki/Elsie_Wayne" title="Elsie Wayne">Elsie Wayne</a> (1998) and then, for the second time, by <a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Joe Clark</a> (1998–2003) (who had been <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Official_Opposition_(Canada)" title="Leader of the Official Opposition (Canada)">opposition leader</a> and briefly prime minister 20 years earlier). By 2003, the party under new leader <a href="/wiki/Peter_MacKay" title="Peter MacKay">Peter MacKay</a> had voted to merge with the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Alliance" title="Canadian Alliance">Canadian Alliance</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party of Canada</a>, thus ceasing to exist, despite MacKay having promised not to pursue a merger. Joe Clark continued to sit as a "Progressive Conservative" into 2004. The new generation of right-leaning Conservatives gained power in the election of 2006, ensuring the "Tory" nickname's survival in the federal politics of Canada. A PC "rump" caucus continued to exist in the Senate of Canada (consisting of certain Clark, Mulroney and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Martin" title="Paul Martin">Paul Martin</a> appointees); <a href="/wiki/Elaine_McCoy" title="Elaine McCoy">Elaine McCoy</a> of Alberta was the last Progressive Conservative Senator, redesignating herself as an "Independent Progressive Conservative" in 2013 before launching the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Senators_Group" title="Independent Senators Group">Independent Senators Group</a> in 2016. </p><p>Campbell remains one of the youngest women to have ever assumed the office of Prime Minister in any country, and thus also one of the youngest to have left the office. </p><p>Campbell was ranked number 20 out of the first 20 prime ministers of Canada (through <a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a>) by a survey of 26 Canadian historians used by <a href="/wiki/Jack_Granatstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Granatstein">J. L. Granatstein</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norman_Hillmer" title="Norman Hillmer">Norman Hillmer</a> in their 1999 book <i>Prime Ministers: Ranking Canada's Leaders</i>. A follow-up article co-authored by Hillmer alongside Stephen Azzi in 2011 for <i>Maclean's</i> magazine broadened the number of historians surveyed; in this new survey of over 100 Canadian historians, Campbell again finished last, this time coming at number 22 out of Canada's first 22 prime ministers (through <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Stephen Harper</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2016 follow-up poll by the same team, now expanded to cover the first 23 prime ministers (through Justin Trudeau), again ranked Campbell last.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, she was included in the list of 50 most important political leaders in history in the <i>Almanac of World History</i> compiled by the <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was cited for her status as the only woman <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a> of a <a href="/wiki/North_America#Definitions" title="North America">North American country (defined variously)</a>, but controversy ensued among academics in Canada over the merit of this honour since her brief term in office was marked by very few, if any, major political accomplishments. </p><p>On November 30, 2004, Campbell's official portrait for the parliamentary prime minister's gallery was unveiled. The painting was created by <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_British_Columbia" title="Victoria, British Columbia">Victoria</a>, BC artist <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Goatley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Goatley (page does not exist)">David Goatley</a>. Campbell said she was "deeply honoured" to be the only woman to have her picture in the prime ministers' corridor, stating: "I really look forward to the day when there are many other female faces." The painting shows a pensive Campbell sitting on a chair with richly coloured <a href="/wiki/Haida_people" title="Haida people">Haida</a> capes and robes in the background, symbolizing her time as a cabinet minister and as an academic.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_Canada_(CC)_ribbon_bar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg/110px-Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg/165px-Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg/220px-Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg/110px-Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg/165px-Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg/220px-Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada125_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Canada125_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="33" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:QEII_Golden_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/QEII_Golden_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="33" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:QEII_Diamond_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/QEII_Diamond_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="33" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <br /> </p> </div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>Honours </caption> <tbody><tr style="background:silver; text-align:center;"> <th scope="col">Ribbon </th> <th scope="col">Description </th> <th scope="col">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_Canada_(CC)_ribbon_bar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg/80px-Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg/120px-Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg/160px-Order_of_Canada_%28CC%29_ribbon_bar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row">Companion of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">Order of Canada</a> (C.C.) </th> <td> <ul><li>Awarded on April 10, 2008; and</li> <li>Invested on September 3, 2010 <sup id="cite_ref-auto_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg/80px-Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg/120px-Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg/160px-Order_British_Columbia_ribbon_bar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_British_Columbia" title="Order of British Columbia">Order of British Columbia</a> (O.B.C.) </th> <td> <ul><li>2012 <sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada125_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Canada125_ribbon.png/80px-Canada125_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Canada125_ribbon.png 1.5x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/125th_Anniversary_of_the_Confederation_of_Canada_Medal" title="125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal">125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal</a> </th> <td> <ul><li>1993</li> <li>As a member of <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Privy Council for Canada">Her Majesty's Privy Council for Canada</a> and an elected Member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons of Canada</a>, the then Honourable Kim Campbell was awarded the medal as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_order_of_precedence" title="Canadian order of precedence">Canadian order of precedence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Office_of_the_Secretary_to_the_Governor_General_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Office_of_the_Secretary_to_the_Governor_General-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:QEII_Golden_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/QEII_Golden_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png/80px-QEII_Golden_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/QEII_Golden_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png 1.5x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Golden_Jubilee_Medal" title="Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal">Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal</a> for Canada </th> <td> <ul><li>2002</li> <li>As a member of <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Privy Council for Canada">Her Majesty's Privy Council for Canada</a> and as a former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a>, the Right Honourable Kim Campbell was awarded the medal as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_order_of_precedence" title="Canadian order of precedence">Canadian order of precedence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:QEII_Diamond_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/QEII_Diamond_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png/80px-QEII_Diamond_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/QEII_Diamond_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png 1.5x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Diamond_Jubilee_Medal" title="Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal">Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal</a> for Canada </th> <td> <ul><li>2012</li> <li>As a member of <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Privy Council for Canada">Her Majesty's Privy Council for Canada</a>, as a former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a>, and having been awarded the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">Order of Canada</a>, the Right Honourable Kim Campbell was awarded the medal as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_order_of_precedence" title="Canadian order of precedence">Canadian order of precedence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>According to Canadian protocol, as a former Prime Minister, she is styled "<a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a>" for life. </p> <ul><li>Appointed a Companion of the Order of Canada on <a href="/wiki/Canada_Day" title="Canada Day">Canada Day</a> 2008<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Member of the Board, <a href="/wiki/Forum_of_Federations" title="Forum of Federations">Forum of Federations</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scholastic">Scholastic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Scholastic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b> Chancellor, visitor, governor, and fellowships</b> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:20%;">Location </th> <th style="width:20%;">Date </th> <th style="width:40%;">School </th> <th style="width:20%;">Position </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/23px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/35px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/46px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span>Massachusetts</td> <td><b>2001 – </b></td> <td>Center for Public Leadership <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_School_of_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Kennedy School of Government">John F. Kennedy School of Government</a> at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Honorary_title_(academic)" title="Honorary title (academic)">Honorary Fellow</a><sup id="cite_ref-ualberta.ca_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ualberta.ca-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span>England</td> <td><b> – </b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Honorary_title_(academic)" title="Honorary title (academic)">Honorary Fellow</a> <sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span> </span>Ontario</td> <td><b> – </b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Munk_School_of_Global_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Munk School of Global Affairs">Munk School of Global Affairs</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Honorary_title_(academic)" title="Honorary title (academic)">Distinguished Senior Fellow</a> <sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2018</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Honorary Degrees</b> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:20%;">Location </th> <th style="width:20%;">Date </th> <th style="width:40%;">School </th> <th style="width:20%;">Degree </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span> </span>Ontario</td> <td>1992</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Law_Society_of_Upper_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Law Society of Upper Canada">Law Society of Upper Canada</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Laws">Doctor of Laws</a> (LL.D) <sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span> </span>Ontario</td> <td>June 13, 1998</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brock_University" title="Brock University">Brock University</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Laws">Doctor of Laws</a> (LL.D) <sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/23px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/35px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/46px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span>Massachusetts</td> <td>June 19, 1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University" title="Northeastern University">Northeastern University</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Public_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Public Service">Doctor of Public Service</a> (DPS) <sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg/46px-Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>British Columbia</td> <td>November 23, 2000</td> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">University of British Columbia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Laws">Doctor of Laws</a> (LL.D) <sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/23px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/35px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/46px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span>Massachusetts</td> <td>2004</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_College" title="Mount Holyoke College">Mount Holyoke College</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Laws">Doctor of Laws</a> (LL.D) <sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg/41px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span>Pennsylvania</td> <td>2005</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chatham_University" title="Chatham University">Chatham College</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Laws">Doctor of Laws</a> (LL.D) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/23px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/35px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/45px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Arizona</td> <td>December 15, 2005</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State University</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Humane_Letters" title="Doctor of Humane Letters">Doctor of Humane Letters</a> (DHL) <sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Alberta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Alberta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Alberta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Alberta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Alberta.svg/46px-Flag_of_Alberta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span>Alberta</td> <td>Fall 2010</td> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta" title="University of Alberta">University of Alberta</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Laws">Doctor of Laws</a> (LL.D) <sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span> </span>Ontario</td> <td>2011</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trent_University" title="Trent University">Trent University</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Laws">Doctor of Laws</a> (LL.D) <sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg/46px-Flag_of_British_Columbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>British Columbia</td> <td>June 11, 2014</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Simon_Fraser_University" title="Simon Fraser University">Simon Fraser University</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Laws">Doctor of Laws</a> (LL.D) <sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Nova Scotia</td> <td>May 13, 2018</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Acadia_University" title="Acadia University">Acadia University</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Civil_Law" title="Doctor of Civil Law">Doctor of Civil Law</a> (DCL) <sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2018</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appointments">Appointments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Appointments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:20%;">Location </th> <th style="width:20%;">Date </th> <th style="width:40%;">Institution </th> <th style="width:20%;">Position </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Canada</td> <td><b>January 30, 1989 – </b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Privy Council for Canada">Queen's Privy Council for Canada</a></td> <td>Member (PC) <sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Canada</td> <td><b> – </b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Canada" title="Government of Canada">Government of Canada</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">Queen's Counsel</a> (QC) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Canada</td> <td><b>1996–2000</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Canada" title="Government of Canada">Government of Canada</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Consul_(representative)" title="Consul (representative)">Consul General</a> to <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2019</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Memberships_and_fellowships">Memberships and fellowships</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Memberships and fellowships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:20%;">Location </th> <th style="width:20%;">Date </th> <th style="width:40%;">Organisation </th> <th style="width:20%;">Position </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span>Spain</td> <td><b>2001–</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Club_of_Madrid" title="Club of Madrid">Club of Madrid</a></td> <td>Member </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span>Spain</td> <td><b>2003–2004</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Club_of_Madrid" title="Club of Madrid">Club of Madrid</a></td> <td>vice President </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span>Spain</td> <td><b>2004–2006</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Club_of_Madrid" title="Club of Madrid">Club of Madrid</a></td> <td>Secretary General <sup id="cite_ref-ualberta.ca_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ualberta.ca-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg/23px-Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg/35px-Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg/46px-Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span>District of Columbia</td> <td><b>2003–2005</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Women_World_Leaders" title="Council of Women World Leaders">Council of Women World Leaders</a></td> <td>President <sup id="cite_ref-ualberta.ca_63-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ualberta.ca-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2019</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arms">Arms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="max-width: 100%"> <caption class="nowrap">Coat of arms of Kim Campbell </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 220px;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kim_Campbell_Arms.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Kim_Campbell_Arms.svg/220px-Kim_Campbell_Arms.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Kim_Campbell_Arms.svg/330px-Kim_Campbell_Arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Kim_Campbell_Arms.svg/440px-Kim_Campbell_Arms.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span> </td> <td style="min-width:175px;"> <dl><dt>Notes</dt> <dd>The arms of Kim Campbell consist of:<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>Crest</dt> <dd>Upon a helmet mantled Azure doubled Or within a wreath of these colours issuant from a coronet the rim set with thistle heads Or on snowy mountain peaks Proper an eagle Azure head Argent its dexter leg resting on a closed book Rose clasped Or.</dd> <dt>Escutcheon</dt> <dd>Or the universal symbol for a woman pendant from its crosspiece a pair of scales Rose and in base three bars wavy Azure on a canton the mark of the Prime Ministership of Canada (Argent four maple leaves conjoined in cross at the stem Gules).</dd> <dt>Supporters</dt> <dd>Dexter a lion Or semé of fleurs-de-lys Azure gorged with a collar of poppy flowers Gules its dexter foreclaw resting on the pommel of a sheathed sword point downwards Azure embellished Or sinister a female bear Or semé of anchors Azure gorged with a like collar its dexter forepaw grasping a branch of cedar Vert embellished Or.</dd> <dt>Compartment</dt> <dd>On a grassy mound set with dogwood flowers, trillium flowers and Mayflowers Proper and pine cones Or rising above barry wavy Argent and Azure.</dd> <dt>Motto</dt> <dd>Seek Wisdom, Conquer Fear, Do Justice</dd> <dt>Other elements</dt> <dd>Mantling Or and Azure.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/25px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/37px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/50px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="343" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Canada portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/28px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/42px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/56px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Time_and_Chance_(Kim_Campbell)" class="mw-redirect" title="Time and Chance (Kim Campbell)"><i>Time and Chance</i> (Kim Campbell)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archives">Archives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Archives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a Kim Campbell fond at <a href="/wiki/Library_and_Archives_Canada" title="Library and Archives Canada">Library and Archives Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The archival reference number is R10052, former archival reference number MG26-S.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fond covers the date ranges 1916 to 2004. It contains a variety of media including 58.13 meters of textual records, approximately 33542 photographs and 139 videocassettes among other media. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Canada" title="List of prime ministers of Canada">List of prime ministers of Canada</a>. The two prime ministers with shorter times in office were <a href="/wiki/Charles_Tupper" title="Charles Tupper">Charles Tupper</a> in 1896 and <a href="/wiki/John_Turner" title="John Turner">John Turner</a> in 1984. <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Meighen" title="Arthur Meighen">Arthur Meighen</a> also served a shorter time in 1926, but his total time was longer including his first term in 1920–1921.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pm.gc.ca/en/news/backgrounders/2021/02/19/biographical-notes-independent-advisory-board-members">"Biographical notes: Independent Advisory Board members"</a>. Prime Minister of Canada. February 19, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biographical+notes%3A+Independent+Advisory+Board+members&rft.pub=Prime+Minister+of+Canada&rft.date=2021-02-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpm.gc.ca%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fbackgrounders%2F2021%2F02%2F19%2Fbiographical-notes-independent-advisory-board-members&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkard2014" class="citation book cs1">Skard, Torild (2014). "Kim Campbell". <i>Women of Power – Half a century of female presidents and prime ministers worldwide</i>. Bristol: Policy Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-44731-578-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-44731-578-0"><bdi>978-1-44731-578-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kim+Campbell&rft.btitle=Women+of+Power+%E2%80%93+Half+a+century+of+female+presidents+and+prime+ministers+worldwide&rft.place=Bristol&rft.pub=Policy+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-44731-578-0&rft.aulast=Skard&rft.aufirst=Torild&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.macleans.ca/politics/ottawa/kim-campbell-to-chair-supreme-court-advisory-board/">"Kim Campbell to chair Supreme Court advisory board"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Maclean%27s" title="Maclean's">Maclean's</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/The_Canadian_Press" title="The Canadian Press">The Canadian Press</a>. August 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maclean%27s&rft.atitle=Kim+Campbell+to+chair+Supreme+Court+advisory+board&rft.date=2016-08-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macleans.ca%2Fpolitics%2Fottawa%2Fkim-campbell-to-chair-supreme-court-advisory-board%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2017/07/17/prime-minister-announces-advisory-board-select-next-supreme-court-justice">"Prime Minister announces Advisory Board to select next Supreme Court Justice"</a> (Press release). <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Canada" title="Government of Canada">Government of Canada</a>. July 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prime+Minister+announces+Advisory+Board+to+select+next+Supreme+Court+Justice&rft.pub=Government+of+Canada&rft.date=2017-07-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpm.gc.ca%2Feng%2Fnews%2F2017%2F07%2F17%2Fprime-minister-announces-advisory-board-select-next-supreme-court-justice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/timescolonist/obituary.aspx?n=lissa-vroom&pid=169415553">"Lissa Vroom's Obituary"</a>. <i>The Times Colonist</i>. January 31, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 15,</span> 2018</span> – via legacy.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+Colonist&rft.atitle=Lissa+Vroom%27s+Obituary&rft.date=2014-01-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legacy.com%2Fobituaries%2Ftimescolonist%2Fobituary.aspx%3Fn%3Dlissa-vroom%26pid%3D169415553&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonellCampbell1997" class="citation book cs1">McDonell, James K.; Campbell, Robert Bennett (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aZz213hdj3EC&q=%22George+Thomas+Campbell%22&pg=PA205"><i>Lords of the North</i></a>. General Store Publishing House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781896182711" title="Special:BookSources/9781896182711"><bdi>9781896182711</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lords+of+the+North&rft.pub=General+Store+Publishing+House&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9781896182711&rft.aulast=McDonell&rft.aufirst=James+K.&rft.au=Campbell%2C+Robert+Bennett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaZz213hdj3EC%26q%3D%2522George%2BThomas%2BCampbell%2522%26pg%3DPA205&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (September 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514204134/https://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/introducing-avril-campbell">"Introducing Avril Campbell – Kim Campbell, First and Foremost"</a>. <i>CBC Archives</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/introducing-avril-campbell">the original</a> on May 14, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBC+Archives&rft.atitle=Introducing+Avril+Campbell+%E2%80%93+Kim+Campbell%2C+First+and+Foremost&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Farchives%2Fentry%2Fintroducing-avril-campbell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Campbell, <i>Time And Chance,</i> 1996, pp. 17–23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Campbell, <i>Time and Chance,</i> 1996, pp. 26–37</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nfb.ca/film/kim_campbell_through_the_looking_glass/"><i>Kim Campbell Through the Looking Glass</i></a> (video). National Film Board. 2000. Event occurs at 24:00<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kim+Campbell+Through+the+Looking+Glass&rft.pub=National+Film+Board&rft.date=2000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nfb.ca%2Ffilm%2Fkim_campbell_through_the_looking_glass%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Donaldson, p. 354.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kimcampbell.com/node/24">"Biography"</a>. <i>kimcampbell.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kimcampbell.com&rft.atitle=Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kimcampbell.com%2Fnode%2F24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steve Paikin, "On her birthday, here’s to Canada’s first female PM," TVO Today, March 10, 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170629000036/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/kim-campbell/">"Kim Campbell"</a>. <i>The Canadian Encyclopedia</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/kim-campbell/">the original</a> on June 29, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kim+Campbell&rft.btitle=The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fkim-campbell%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210227053119/https://www.cbc.ca/archives/categories/politics/prime-ministers/kim-campbell-first-and-foremost/defending-bill-c-43.html">"Kim Campbell defends Bill C-43"</a>. <i>CBC Archives</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/archives/categories/politics/prime-ministers/kim-campbell-first-and-foremost/defending-bill-c-43.html">the original</a> on February 27, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBC+Archives&rft.atitle=Kim+Campbell+defends+Bill+C-43&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Farchives%2Fcategories%2Fpolitics%2Fprime-ministers%2Fkim-campbell-first-and-foremost%2Fdefending-bill-c-43.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theinterim.com/politics/kim-campbell-bill-c-43-is-woman’s-entitlement/">"Kim Campbell: Bill C-43 is woman's entitlement"</a>. <i>The Interim</i>. May 31, 1990<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Interim&rft.atitle=Kim+Campbell%3A+Bill+C-43+is+woman%27s+entitlement&rft.date=1990-05-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theinterim.com%2Fpolitics%2Fkim-campbell-bill-c-43-is-woman%E2%80%99s-entitlement%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/politics/Prime%20Ministers/Kim%20Campbell.html">Canadian History</a>. Retrieved January 13, 2014 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180707143849/http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/politics/Prime%20Ministers/Kim%20Campbell.html">Archived</a> July 7, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/primeministers/h4-3480-e.html"><i>Campbell – First Among Equals</i>, Library and Archives Canada</a>. Retrieved January 13, 2014 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191129222525/http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/primeministers/h4-3480-e.html">Archived</a> November 29, 2019, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToronto_Sun2020" class="citation news cs1">Toronto Sun (January 19, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://torontosun.com/news/national/look-back-25-years-since-scandal-led-to-airborne-regiment-being-disbanded">"LOOK BACK: 25 years since Somalia affair stained Canada's reputation"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=LOOK+BACK%3A+25+years+since+Somalia+affair+stained+Canada%27s+reputation&rft.date=2020-01-19&rft.au=Toronto+Sun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftorontosun.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Flook-back-25-years-since-scandal-led-to-airborne-regiment-being-disbanded&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Campbell2017-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Campbell2017_21-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCambell2017" class="citation book cs1">Cambell, Kim (2017). <i>Time and Chance: The Political Memoirs of Canada's First Woman Prime Minister</i> (Fourth ed.). Independently Published. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1521108178" title="Special:BookSources/978-1521108178"><bdi>978-1521108178</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Time+and+Chance%3A+The+Political+Memoirs+of+Canada%27s+First+Woman+Prime+Minister&rft.edition=Fourth&rft.pub=Independently+Published&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1521108178&rft.aulast=Cambell&rft.aufirst=Kim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (September 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarnsworth1993" class="citation web cs1">Farnsworth, Clyde H. (October 15, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/10/15/world/campbell-though-liked-may-not-win-in-canada.html">"Campbell, Though Liked, May Not Win in Canada"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Campbell%2C+Though+Liked%2C+May+Not+Win+in+Canada&rft.date=1993-10-15&rft.aulast=Farnsworth&rft.aufirst=Clyde+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F10%2F15%2Fworld%2Fcampbell-though-liked-may-not-win-in-canada.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.orlandosentinel.com/1993/08/17/female-leader-of-canada-is-the-most-popular-in-30-years/">"Female Leader of Canada Is the Most Popular in 30 Years"</a>. <i>Orlando Sentinel</i>. August 17, 1993. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111104171317/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1993-08-17/news/9308170734_1_first-female-prime-gallup-campbell">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Orlando+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Female+Leader+of+Canada+Is+the+Most+Popular+in+30+Years&rft.date=1993-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.orlandosentinel.com%2F1993%2F08%2F17%2Ffemale-leader-of-canada-is-the-most-popular-in-30-years%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Woolstencroft 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">CBC News, CBC. October 15, 1993. Television</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Donaldson, p. 367.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLaughlin1994" class="citation book cs1">McLaughlin, David (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OIuq1E7liq0C&dq=%22Gee%2C+I%27m+glad+I+didn%27t+sell+my+car.%22&pg=PA276"><i>Poisoned Chalice: The Last Campaign of the Progressive Conservative Party?</i></a>. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 276. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781554882663" title="Special:BookSources/9781554882663"><bdi>9781554882663</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Poisoned+Chalice%3A+The+Last+Campaign+of+the+Progressive+Conservative+Party%3F&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pages=276&rft.pub=Dundurn+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9781554882663&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOIuq1E7liq0C%26dq%3D%2522Gee%252C%2BI%2527m%2Bglad%2BI%2Bdidn%2527t%2Bsell%2Bmy%2Bcar.%2522%26pg%3DPA276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEveritt" class="citation news cs1">Everitt, Joanna. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100217055204/http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/handouts/gender_portrayal/uncovering_coverage.cfm">"Uncovering the Coverage: Gender Biases in Canadian Political Reporting"</a>. Media Awareness Network. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/handouts/gender_portrayal/uncovering_coverage.cfm">the original</a> on February 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Uncovering+the+Coverage%3A+Gender+Biases+in+Canadian+Political+Reporting&rft.aulast=Everitt&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.media-awareness.ca%2Fenglish%2Fresources%2Feducational%2Fhandouts%2Fgender_portrayal%2Funcovering_coverage.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrauss2005" class="citation news cs1">Krauss, Clifford (September 25, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/25/weekinreview/25word.html?ex=1285300800&en=32d7b3545e99910a&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss">"Canada Still Has Mulroney to Kick Around"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 7,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Canada+Still+Has+Mulroney+to+Kick+Around&rft.date=2005-09-25&rft.aulast=Krauss&rft.aufirst=Clifford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F09%2F25%2Fweekinreview%2F25word.html%3Fex%3D1285300800%26en%3D32d7b3545e99910a%26ei%3D5088%26partner%3Drssnyt%26emc%3Drss&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerguson1999" class="citation book cs1">Ferguson, Will (1999). <i>Bastards and Boneheads: Canada's Glorious Leaders Past and Present</i>. Vancouver/Toronto: Douglas & McIntyre. p. 284.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bastards+and+Boneheads%3A+Canada%27s+Glorious+Leaders+Past+and+Present&rft.place=Vancouver%2FToronto&rft.pages=284&rft.pub=Douglas+%26+McIntyre&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=Will&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Frequently_asked_questions:_Members_of_Parliament_Pension_Plan-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Frequently_asked_questions:_Members_of_Parliament_Pension_Plan_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canada.ca/en/treasury-board-secretariat/services/pension-plan/pension-publications/reports/administration-members-parliament-retiring-allowances-act-report/frequently-asked-questions-changes-members-parliament-pension-plan.html">"Frequently asked questions: Members of Parliament Pension Plan"</a>. Government of Canada. November 3, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Frequently+asked+questions%3A+Members+of+Parliament+Pension+Plan&rft.pub=Government+of+Canada&rft.date=2015-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canada.ca%2Fen%2Ftreasury-board-secretariat%2Fservices%2Fpension-plan%2Fpension-publications%2Freports%2Fadministration-members-parliament-retiring-allowances-act-report%2Ffrequently-asked-questions-changes-members-parliament-pension-plan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_House_of_Commons_and_Its_Members_-_Remuneration,_Pensions_and_Entitlements-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_House_of_Commons_and_Its_Members_-_Remuneration,_Pensions_and_Entitlements_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ourcommons.ca/marleaumontpetit/DocumentViewer.aspx?Sec=Ch04&Seq=13">"The House of Commons and Its Members - Remuneration, Pensions and Entitlements"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Finding+aid+to+the+graphic+%28photo%29+material+in+the+Kim+Campbell+fond+at+Library+and+Archives+Canada&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata2.collectionscanada.ca%2Fpdf%2Fpdf001%2Fp000001924.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&rec_nbr=107227&lang=eng&rec_nbr_list=107227,202028,136480,160207,132974,4386245,4206881,136494,193268,3688870">"Kim Campbell fond description at Library and Archives Canada"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kim+Campbell+fond+description+at+Library+and+Archives+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollectionscanada.gc.ca%2Fpam_archives%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dgenitem.displayItem%26rec_nbr%3D107227%26lang%3Deng%26rec_nbr_list%3D107227%2C202028%2C136480%2C160207%2C132974%2C4386245%2C4206881%2C136494%2C193268%2C3688870&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Campbell" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Campbell, Kim. <i>Time and Chance: The Political Memoirs of Canada's First Woman Prime Minister</i>. Toronto: Doubleday Canada Limited, 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-25527-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-25527-6">0-385-25527-6</a>.</li> <li>Grace Stewart, Heather. <i>Kim Campbell: the keener who broke down barriers</i> (2007). Jackfruit Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9736407-0-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9736407-0-0">978-0-9736407-0-0</a>.</li> <li>Granatstein, J.L. and Hillmer, Norman. <i>Prime Ministers: Ranking Canada's Leaders</i>. Toronto: HarperCollins Publishers Ltd., 1999. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-00-200027-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-00-200027-X">0-00-200027-X</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kim_Campbell" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kim Campbell">Kim Campbell</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101015034113/http://www.bitesizechunks.org/blog/">Official Blog of the Right Honourable Kim Campbell</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kimcampbell.com/">Official Website of the Right Honourable Kim Campbell</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Profile?personId=15582">Kim Campbell – Parliament of Canada biography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060221040414/http://www.ksg.harvard.edu/ksgpress/bulletin/spring2002/features/campbell.html">Biography from the Kennedy School of Government</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mtholyoke.edu/offices/comm/news/commencement04/index.shtml">2004 commencement speech, Mount Holyoke College</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060907115738/http://www.mtholyoke.edu/offices/comm/news/commencement04/index.shtml">Archived</a> September 7, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/archives/topic/kim-campbell-first-and-foremost/why-are-you-afraid-to-hear-me.html">CBC Digital Archives – Kim Campbell, First and Foremost</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nfb.ca/trouverunfilm/fichefilm.php?lg=en&id=33916&v=h">Official page of the documentary film "Kim Campbell:Through the Looking Glass"</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1757541/">Kim Campbell</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/akimcampbell">Kim Campbell</a> on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128553#P2002" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?17946">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_British_Columbia" title="Legislative Assembly of British Columbia">Legislative Assembly of British Columbia</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pat_McGeer" title="Pat McGeer">Pat McGeer</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Garde_Gardom" title="Garde Gardom">Garde Gardom</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Legislative_Assembly" title="Member of the Legislative Assembly">Member of the Legislative Assembly</a><br />for <a href="/wiki/Vancouver-Point_Grey" title="Vancouver-Point Grey">Vancouver-Point Grey</a> </b><br />1986–1988 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Darlene_Marzari" title="Darlene Marzari">Darlene Marzari</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Perry_(politician)" title="Tom Perry (politician)">Tom Perry</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Parliament of Canada</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Carney" title="Pat Carney">Pat Carney</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">Member of Parliament</a><br />for <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Vancouver Centre">Vancouver Centre</a> </b><br />1988–1993 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hedy_Fry" title="Hedy Fry">Hedy Fry</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; border-top: 5px solid #9999FF" colspan="3"><b>24th Ministry – Cabinet of <a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a></b> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint"> <th colspan="3">Cabinet posts (3) </th></tr> <tr class="noprint"> <th scope="col" style="width:110px;text-align:center;">Predecessor </th> <th scope="col" style="width:290px;text-align:center;">Office </th> <th scope="col" style="width:110px;text-align:center;">Successor </th></tr> <tr class="noprint"> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Doug_Lewis_(politician)" title="Doug Lewis (politician)">Doug Lewis</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_and_Attorney_General_of_Canada" title="Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada">Minister of Justice and Attorney General</a></b><br />1990–1993 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Blais" title="Pierre Blais">Pierre Blais</a></b> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint"> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Merrithew" title="Gerald Merrithew">Gerald Merrithew</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Veterans_Affairs_(Canada)" title="Minister of Veterans Affairs (Canada)">Minister of Veterans Affairs</a></b><br />1993 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Peter_McCreath" title="Peter McCreath">Peter McCreath</a></b> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint"> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Mass%C3%A9" title="Marcel Massé">Marcel Massé</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">Minister of National Defence</a></b><br />1993 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Tom_Siddon" title="Tom Siddon">Tom Siddon</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative Party</a> </b><br />1993 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Charest" title="Jean Charest">Jean Charest</a> <br /><small>Interim</small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a> </b><br />1993 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;">Order of precedence </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Joe Clark</a></div><i><b>as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Former Prime Minister</a> </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Canadian_order_of_precedence" title="Canadian order of precedence">Canadian order of precedence</a><br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;">as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Former Prime Minister</a></span></i> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a></div><i><b>as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Former Prime Minister</a> </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lyon_Mackenzie_King" title="William Lyon Mackenzie King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_St._Laurent" title="Louis St. Laurent">St. Laurent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Diefenbaker" title="John Diefenbaker">Diefenbaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">P. E. Trudeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">P. E. Trudeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Turner" title="John Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Mulroney</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Chrétien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Martin" title="Paul Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">J. Trudeau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Prime_ministers_of_Canada" title="Category:Prime ministers of Canada">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Canada" title="List of prime ministers of Canada">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_Prime_Minister_Kim_Campbell_(1993)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kim_Campbell_Ministry" title="Template:Kim Campbell Ministry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kim_Campbell_Ministry" title="Template talk:Kim Campbell Ministry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kim_Campbell_Ministry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kim Campbell Ministry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_Prime_Minister_Kim_Campbell_(1993)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/25th_Canadian_Ministry" title="25th Canadian Ministry">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kim Campbell</a> (1993)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kim Campbell</a></b><br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perrin_Beatty" title="Perrin Beatty">Perrin Beatty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Blais" title="Pierre Blais">Pierre Blais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Browes" title="Pauline Browes">Pauline Browes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Charest" title="Jean Charest">Jean Charest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Collins_(politician)" title="Mary Collins (politician)">Mary Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Corbeil" title="Jean Corbeil">Jean Corbeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dick" title="Paul Dick">Paul Dick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Edwards_(Canadian_politician)" title="Jim Edwards (Canadian politician)">Jim Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hockin" title="Tom Hockin">Tom Hockin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monique_Landry" title="Monique Landry">Monique Landry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Lewis_(politician)" title="Doug Lewis (politician)">Doug Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Loiselle" title="Gilles Loiselle">Gilles Loiselle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_McCreath" title="Peter McCreath">Peter McCreath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Mayer_(politician)" title="Charles Mayer (politician)">Charles Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Murray" title="Lowell Murray">Lowell Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Nicholson" title="Rob Nicholson">Rob Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Reid_(politician)" title="Ross Reid (politician)">Ross Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Schneider_(politician)" title="Larry Schneider (politician)">Larry Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Siddon" title="Tom Siddon">Tom Siddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobbie_Sparrow" title="Bobbie Sparrow">Bobbie Sparrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garth_Turner" title="Garth Turner">Garth Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Valcourt" title="Bernard Valcourt">Bernard Valcourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_H._Vincent" title="Pierre H. Vincent">Pierre H. Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Weiner" title="Gerry Weiner">Gerry Weiner</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_Prime_Minister_Brian_Mulroney_(1984–93)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mulroney_Ministry" title="Template:Mulroney Ministry"><abbr title="View this 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title="Harvie Andre">Harvie Andre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perrin_Beatty" title="Perrin Beatty">Perrin Beatty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Bissonnette" title="André Bissonnette">André Bissonnette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Blais" title="Pierre Blais">Pierre Blais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Blais-Grenier" title="Suzanne Blais-Grenier">Suzanne Blais-Grenier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_Bouchard" title="Benoît Bouchard">Benoît Bouchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Bouchard" title="Lucien Bouchard">Lucien Bouchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Browes" title="Pauline Browes">Pauline Browes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Cadieux" title="Pierre Cadieux">Pierre Cadieux</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kim Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Carney" title="Pat Carney">Pat Carney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9e_Champagne" title="Andrée Champagne">Andrée Champagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Charest" title="Jean Charest">Jean Charest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Joe Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Coates_(politician)" title="Robert Coates (politician)">Robert Coates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Collins_(politician)" title="Mary Collins (politician)">Mary Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Corbeil" title="Jean Corbeil">Jean Corbeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_C%C3%B4t%C3%A9_(MP)" title="Michel Côté (MP)">Michel Côté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Crombie" title="David Crombie">David Crombie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crosbie" title="John Crosbie">John Crosbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Danis" title="Marcel Danis">Marcel Danis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Cotret" title="Robert de Cotret">Robert de Cotret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dick" title="Paul Dick">Paul Dick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_Epp" title="Jake Epp">Jake Epp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Allen_Fraser" title="John Allen Fraser">John Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hees" title="George Hees">George Hees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Hnatyshyn" title="Ray Hnatyshyn">Ray Hnatyshyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hockin" title="Tom Hockin">Tom Hockin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Jelinek" title="Otto Jelinek">Otto Jelinek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Kelleher" title="James Kelleher">James Kelleher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roch_La_Salle" title="Roch La Salle">Roch La Salle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monique_Landry" title="Monique Landry">Monique Landry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Layton_(politician)" title="Robert Layton (politician)">Robert Layton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Lewis_(politician)" title="Doug Lewis (politician)">Doug Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Loiselle" title="Gilles Loiselle">Gilles Loiselle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_MacDonald_(politician)" title="Flora MacDonald (politician)">Flora MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_MacKay" title="Elmer MacKay">Elmer MacKay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Martin" title="Shirley Martin">Shirley Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Masse" title="Marcel Masse">Marcel Masse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Mayer_(politician)" title="Charles Mayer (politician)">Charles Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Mazankowski" title="Don Mazankowski">Don Mazankowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McDermid" title="John McDermid">John McDermid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_McDougall" title="Barbara McDougall">Barbara McDougall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_McInnes" title="Stewart McInnes">Stewart McInnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_McKnight" title="Bill McKnight">Bill McKnight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_McLean" title="Walter McLean">Walter McLean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McMillan_(Canadian_politician)" title="Thomas McMillan (Canadian politician)">Thomas McMillan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Merrithew" title="Gerald Merrithew">Gerald Merrithew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Murray" title="Lowell Murray">Lowell Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Murta" title="Jack Murta">Jack Murta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Nielsen" title="Erik Nielsen">Erik Nielsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Oberle,_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Oberle, Sr.">Frank Oberle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Redway" title="Alan Redway">Alan Redway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dufferin_Roblin" title="Dufferin Roblin">Dufferin Roblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Siddon" title="Tom Siddon">Tom Siddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_St._Germain" title="Gerry St. Germain">Gerry St. Germain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Stevens" title="Sinclair Stevens">Sinclair Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Valcourt" title="Bernard Valcourt">Bernard Valcourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monique_V%C3%A9zina" title="Monique Vézina">Monique Vézina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_H._Vincent" title="Pierre H. Vincent">Pierre H. Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Weiner" title="Gerry Weiner">Gerry Weiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(Canadian_politician)" title="Michael Wilson (Canadian politician)">Michael Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Winegard" title="William Winegard">William Winegard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wise_(Canadian_politician)" title="John Wise (Canadian politician)">John Wise</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_Conservative_Party_of_Canada_and_its_antecedents" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_Conservative_Leaders" title="Template:Canadian Conservative Leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadian_Conservative_Leaders" title="Template talk:Canadian Conservative Leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian_Conservative_Leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian Conservative Leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_Conservative_Party_of_Canada_and_its_antecedents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_conservative_leaders" title="List of Canadian conservative leaders">Leaders of the Conservative Party of Canada</a> and its <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="History of the Conservative Party of Canada">antecedents</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liberal-Conservative_Party" title="Liberal-Conservative Party">Liberal-Conservative</a> (1867–1873)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/John_A._Macdonald" title="John A. Macdonald">Macdonald</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_(1867%E2%80%931942)" title="Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942)">Conservative</a> (1873–1942)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_A._Macdonald" title="John A. Macdonald">Macdonald</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Abbott" title="John Abbott">Abbott</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Sparrow_David_Thompson" title="John Sparrow David Thompson">Thompson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Bowell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Tupper" title="Charles Tupper">Tupper</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Borden" title="Robert Borden">Borden</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Meighen" title="Arthur Meighen">Meighen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Guthrie" title="Hugh Guthrie">Guthrie</a> (interim)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/R._B._Bennett" title="R. B. Bennett">Bennett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_James_Manion" title="Robert James Manion">Manion</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hanson_(Canadian_politician)" title="Richard Hanson (Canadian politician)">Hanson</a> (interim)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Meighen" title="Arthur Meighen">Meighen</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative</a> (1942–2003)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Bracken" title="John Bracken">Bracken</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_A._Drew" title="George A. Drew">Drew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Earl_Rowe" title="William Earl Rowe">Rowe</a> (interim)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Diefenbaker" title="John Diefenbaker">Diefenbaker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stanfield" title="Robert Stanfield">Stanfield</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Clark</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Erik_Nielsen" title="Erik Nielsen">Nielsen</a> (interim)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Mulroney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Campbell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Charest" title="Jean Charest">Charest</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elsie_Wayne" title="Elsie Wayne">Wayne</a> (interim)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Clark</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_MacKay" title="Peter MacKay">MacKay</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_Canada" title="Reform Party of Canada">Reform</a> (1987–2000)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Preston_Manning" title="Preston Manning">Manning</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Alliance" title="Canadian Alliance">Canadian Alliance</a> (2000–2003)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Grey" title="Deborah Grey">Grey</a> (interim)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stockwell_Day" title="Stockwell Day">Day</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Reynolds_(Canadian_politician)" title="John Reynolds (Canadian politician)">Reynolds</a> (interim)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Harper</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative</a> (2003–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Lynch-Staunton" title="John Lynch-Staunton">Lynch-Staunton</a> (interim)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Harper</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rona_Ambrose" title="Rona Ambrose">Ambrose</a> (interim)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Scheer" title="Andrew Scheer">Scheer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Erin_O%27Toole" title="Erin O'Toole">O'Toole</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Candice_Bergen_(politician)" title="Candice Bergen (politician)">Bergen</a> (interim)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Poilievre" title="Pierre Poilievre">Poilievre</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1993_Canadian_federal_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_federal_election,_1993A" title="Template:Canadian federal election, 1993A"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadian_federal_election,_1993A" title="Template talk:Canadian federal election, 1993A"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian_federal_election,_1993A" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian federal election, 1993A"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1993_Canadian_federal_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="1993 Canadian federal election">1993 Canadian federal election</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Outgoing: <a href="/wiki/34th_Canadian_Parliament" title="34th Canadian Parliament">Progressive Conservative majority</a></li> <li>Result: <a href="/wiki/35th_Canadian_Parliament" title="35th Canadian Parliament">Liberal majority</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abolitionist_Party_of_Canada" title="Abolitionist Party of Canada">Abolitionist</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_Turmel" title="John Turmel">John Turmel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abolitionist_Party_of_Canada_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Abolitionist Party of Canada candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bloc_Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois" title="Bloc Québécois">Bloc Québécois</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lucien_Bouchard" title="Lucien Bouchard">Lucien Bouchard</a>)</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Party" title="Canada Party">Canada</a> (<a href="/wiki/Joseph_Thauberger" title="Joseph Thauberger">Joseph Thauberger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada_Party_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Canada Party candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Heritage_Party_of_Canada" title="Christian Heritage Party of Canada">Christian Heritage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Heather_Stilwell" title="Heather Stilwell">Heather Stilwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_Heritage_Party_of_Canada_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Christian Heritage Party of Canada candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_for_the_Commonwealth_of_Canada" title="Party for the Commonwealth of Canada">Commonwealth</a> (Gilles Gervais, <a href="/wiki/Party_for_the_Commonwealth_of_Canada_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Party for the Commonwealth of Canada candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_Canada" title="Green Party of Canada">Green</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chris_Lea" title="Chris Lea">Chris Lea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_Canada_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Green Party of Canada candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Independent_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Independent candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">Independent candidates</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Liberal Party of Canada candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_of_Canada" title="Libertarian Party of Canada">Libertarian</a> (Hilliard Cox, <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_of_Canada_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Libertarian Party of Canada candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist)">Marxist–Leninist</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hardial_Bains" title="Hardial Bains">Hardial Bains</a>, <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist) candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_of_Canada" title="National Party of Canada">National</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mel_Hurtig" title="Mel Hurtig">Mel Hurtig</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Party_of_Canada_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="National Party of Canada candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_Law_Party_of_Canada" title="Natural Law Party of Canada">Natural Law</a> (Neil Paterson, <a href="/wiki/Natural_Law_Party_of_Canada_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Natural Law Party of Canada candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party" title="New Democratic Party">New Democrats</a> (<a href="/wiki/Audrey_McLaughlin" title="Audrey McLaughlin">Audrey McLaughlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="New Democratic Party candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kim Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_Canada" title="Reform Party of Canada">Reform</a> (<a href="/wiki/Preston_Manning" title="Preston Manning">Preston Manning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_Canada_candidates_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Reform Party of Canada candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election">candidates</a>)</b></li></ul> <p><span style="font-size:85%;"><b>Bold</b> indicates parties with members elected to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a>.</span> </p> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_Chr%C3%A9tien_attack_ad" title="1993 Chrétien attack ad">1993 Chrétien attack ad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_who_stood_down_at_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="List of MPs who stood down at the 1993 Canadian federal election">MPs who stood down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_who_lost_their_seat_in_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="List of MPs who lost their seat in the 1993 Canadian federal election">MPs who lost their seat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Results of the 1993 Canadian federal election">Results overview</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Results_of_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election_by_riding&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Results of the 1993 Canadian federal election by riding (page does not exist)">Results by riding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="Opinion polling for the 1993 Canadian federal election">Opinion polling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ministers_of_justice_and_attorneys_general" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Justice_and_Attorneys_General" title="Template:CA-Ministers of Justice and Attorneys General"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CA-Ministers_of_Justice_and_Attorneys_General" title="Template talk:CA-Ministers of Justice and Attorneys General"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Justice_and_Attorneys_General" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers of Justice and Attorneys General"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ministers_of_justice_and_attorneys_general" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Justice (Canada)">Ministers of justice and attorneys general</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Macdonald" title="John A. Macdonald">Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine-Aim%C3%A9_Dorion" title="Antoine-Aimé Dorion">Dorion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_James_Smith" title="Albert James Smith">Smith</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9lesphore_Fournier" title="Télesphore Fournier">Fournier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Blake" title="Edward Blake">Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodolphe_Laflamme" title="Rodolphe Laflamme">Laflamme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Campbell_(Canadian_senator)" title="Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sparrow_David_Thompson" title="John Sparrow David Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hibbert_Tupper" title="Charles Hibbert Tupper">Tupper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mayne_Daly" title="Thomas Mayne Daly">Daly</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rupert_Dickey" title="Arthur Rupert Dickey">Dickey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Mowat" title="Oliver Mowat">Mowat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Mills_(Canadian_politician)" title="David Mills (Canadian politician)">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fitzpatrick" title="Charles Fitzpatrick">Fitzpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Bristol_Aylesworth" title="Allen Bristol Aylesworth">Aylesworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Doherty" title="Charles Doherty">Doherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._B._Bennett" title="R. B. Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lomer_Gouin" title="Lomer Gouin">Gouin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lapointe" title="Ernest Lapointe">Lapointe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Guthrie" title="Hugh Guthrie">Guthrie</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esioff-L%C3%A9on_Patenaude" title="Esioff-Léon Patenaude">Patenaude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lapointe" title="Ernest Lapointe">Lapointe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Guthrie" title="Hugh Guthrie">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Reginald_Geary" title="George Reginald Geary">Geary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lapointe" title="Ernest Lapointe">Lapointe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph-Enoil_Michaud" title="Joseph-Enoil Michaud">Michaud</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_St._Laurent" title="Louis St. Laurent">St. Laurent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lorimer_Ilsley" title="James Lorimer Ilsley">Ilsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_St._Laurent" title="Louis St. Laurent">St. Laurent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Garson" title="Stuart Garson">Garson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davie_Fulton" title="Davie Fulton">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Fleming" title="Donald Fleming">Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Chevrier" title="Lionel Chevrier">Chevrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Favreau" title="Guy Favreau">Favreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_McIlraith" title="George McIlraith">McIlraith</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Cardin" title="Lucien Cardin">Cardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Trudeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Turner" title="John Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Lang" title="Otto Lang">Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Basford" title="Ron Basford">Basford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Lang" title="Otto Lang">Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Lalonde" title="Marc Lalonde">Lalonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Flynn" title="Jacques Flynn">Flynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Chrétien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_MacGuigan" title="Mark MacGuigan">MacGuigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Johnston" title="Don Johnston">Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crosbie" title="John Crosbie">Crosbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Hnatyshyn" title="Ray Hnatyshyn">Hnatyshyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Clark</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Lewis_(politician)" title="Doug Lewis (politician)">Lewis</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Blais" title="Pierre Blais">Blais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Rock" title="Allan Rock">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_McLellan" title="Anne McLellan">McLellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Cauchon" title="Martin Cauchon">Cauchon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irwin_Cotler" title="Irwin Cotler">Cotler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vic_Toews" title="Vic Toews">Toews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Nicholson" title="Rob Nicholson">Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_MacKay" title="Peter MacKay">MacKay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Wilson-Raybould" title="Jody Wilson-Raybould">Wilson-Raybould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lametti" title="David Lametti">Lametti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arif_Virani" title="Arif Virani">Virani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ministers_of_defence" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Defence" title="Template:CA-Ministers of Defence"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CA-Ministers_of_Defence" title="Template talk:CA-Ministers of Defence"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Defence" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers of Defence"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ministers_of_defence" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">Ministers of defence</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Militia_and_Defence_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Militia and Defence (Canada)">Ministers of militia and defence</a> (1867–1923)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George-%C3%89tienne_Cartier" title="George-Étienne Cartier">Cartier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector-Louis_Langevin" title="Hector-Louis Langevin">Langevin</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McDonald_(politician)" title="Hugh McDonald (politician)">McDonald </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ross_(Canadian_politician)" title="William Ross (Canadian politician)">Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Berrian_Vail" title="William Berrian Vail">Vail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Gilpin_Jones" title="Alfred Gilpin Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Rodrigue_Masson" title="Louis-Rodrigue Masson">Masson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Campbell_(Canadian_senator)" title="Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe-Philippe_Caron" title="Adolphe-Philippe Caron">Caron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Bowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Colebrooke_Patterson" title="James Colebrooke Patterson">Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rupert_Dickey" title="Arthur Rupert Dickey">Dickey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Bowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Desjardins_(politician)" title="Alphonse Desjardins (politician)">Desjardins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Tisdale" title="David Tisdale">Tisdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_Borden" title="Frederick William Borden">Borden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Hughes" title="Sam Hughes">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Edward_Kemp" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Edward Kemp">Kemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Chilton_Mewburn" title="Sydney Chilton Mewburn">Mewburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Alexander_Calder" title="James Alexander Calder">Calder</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Guthrie" title="Hugh Guthrie">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Perry_Graham" title="George Perry Graham">G. Graham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">Ministers of national defence</a> (1923–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Perry_Graham" title="George Perry Graham">G. Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Mortimer_Macdonald" title="Edward Mortimer Macdonald">E. Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Guthrie" title="Hugh Guthrie">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Robb_(politician)" title="James Robb (politician)">Robb</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ralston" title="James Ralston">Ralston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Matheson_Sutherland" title="Donald Matheson Sutherland">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grote_Stirling" title="Grote Stirling">Stirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Alistair_Mackenzie" title="Ian Alistair Mackenzie">Mackenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_McLeod_Rogers" title="Norman McLeod Rogers">Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gavan_Power" title="Charles Gavan Power">Power</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ralston" title="James Ralston">Ralston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_McNaughton" title="Andrew McNaughton">McNaughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Abbott" title="Douglas Abbott">Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Claxton" title="Brooke Claxton">Claxton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Campney" title="Ralph Campney">Campney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pearkes" title="George Pearkes">Pearkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Harkness" title="Douglas Harkness">Harkness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Churchill" title="Gordon Churchill">Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hellyer" title="Paul Hellyer">Hellyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Cadieux" title="Léo Cadieux">Cadieux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Drury" title="Charles Drury">Drury</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Stovel_Macdonald" title="Donald Stovel Macdonald">D. Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Benson" title="Edgar Benson">Benson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Eudes_Dub%C3%A9" title="Jean-Eudes Dubé">Dubé</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Drury" title="Charles Drury">Drury</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Armstrong_Richardson" title="James Armstrong Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barney_Danson" title="Barney Danson">Danson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_McKinnon" title="Allan McKinnon">McKinnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Lamontagne" title="Gilles Lamontagne">Lamontagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Blais" title="Jean-Jacques Blais">Blais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Coates_(politician)" title="Robert Coates (politician)">Coates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Clark</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Nielsen" title="Erik Nielsen">Nielsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perrin_Beatty" title="Perrin Beatty">Beatty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_McKnight" title="Bill McKnight">McKnight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Masse" title="Marcel Masse">Masse</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Siddon" title="Tom Siddon">Siddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Collenette" title="David Collenette">Collenette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Young_(politician)" title="Doug Young (politician)">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Eggleton" title="Art Eggleton">Eggleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCallum" title="John McCallum">McCallum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Pratt_(politician)" title="David Pratt (politician)">Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Graham_(Canadian_politician)" title="Bill Graham (Canadian politician)">B. Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_O%27Connor" title="Gordon O'Connor">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_MacKay" title="Peter MacKay">MacKay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Nicholson" title="Rob Nicholson">Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Kenney" title="Jason Kenney">Kenney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harjit_Sajjan" title="Harjit Sajjan">Sajjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_Anand" title="Anita Anand">Anand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Blair_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Blair (politician)">Blair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associate ministers of national defence (1953–2013, 2015–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gavan_Power" title="Charles Gavan Power">Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Campney" title="Ralph Campney">Campney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hellyer" title="Paul Hellyer">Hellyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_S%C3%A9vigny_(politician)" title="Pierre Sévigny (politician)">Sévigny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Cardin" title="Lucien Cardin">Cardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Cadieux" title="Léo Cadieux">Cadieux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvie_Andre" title="Harvie Andre">Andre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dick" title="Paul Dick">Dick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Collins_(politician)" title="Mary Collins (politician)">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albina_Guarnieri" title="Albina Guarnieri">Guarnieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauril_B%C3%A9langer" title="Mauril Bélanger">Bélanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Fantino" title="Julian Fantino">Fantino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Valcourt" title="Bernard Valcourt">Valcourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry-Lynne_Findlay" title="Kerry-Lynne Findlay">Findlay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Fantino" title="Julian Fantino">Fantino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_Hehr" title="Kent Hehr">Hehr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_O%27Regan" title="Seamus O'Regan">O'Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Wilson-Raybould" title="Jody Wilson-Raybould">Wilson-Raybould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harjit_Sajjan" title="Harjit Sajjan">Sajjan</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_MacAulay" title="Lawrence MacAulay">MacAulay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginette_Petitpas_Taylor" title="Ginette Petitpas Taylor">Petitpas Taylor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers of the naval service (1910–22)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Philippe_Brodeur" title="Louis-Philippe Brodeur">Brodeur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodolphe_Lemieux" title="Rodolphe Lemieux">Lemieux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Douglas_Hazen" class="mw-redirect" title="John Douglas Hazen">Hazen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ballantyne" title="Charles Ballantyne">Ballantyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Perry_Graham" title="George Perry Graham">G. Graham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">World War I</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Ministers of the overseas military forces (1916–20)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/George_Halsey_Perley" title="George Halsey Perley">Perley</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Albert_Edward_Kemp" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Edward Kemp">Kemp</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">World War II</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_for_Air_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence for Air (Canada)">Ministers of national defence for air</a> (1940–46)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gavan_Power" title="Charles Gavan Power">Power</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Angus_Lewis_Macdonald" title="Angus Lewis Macdonald">Macdonald</a> (acting)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Colin_W._G._Gibson" title="Colin W. G. Gibson">Gibson</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_for_Naval_Services_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence for Naval Services (Canada)">Ministers of national defence for naval services</a> (1940–46)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Angus_Lewis_Macdonald" title="Angus Lewis Macdonald">Macdonald</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Abbott" title="Douglas Abbott">Abbott</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Ministers of national war services (1940–48)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/James_Garfield_Gardiner" title="James Garfield Gardiner">Gardiner</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Thorarinn_Thorson" title="Joseph Thorarinn Thorson">Thorson</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Richer_Lafl%C3%A8che" title="Léo Richer Laflèche">Laflèche</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/James_Joseph_McCann" title="James Joseph McCann">McCann</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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title="John Campbell Elliott">Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_James_Manion" title="Robert James Manion">Manion</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Ducharme_Morand" title="Raymond Ducharme Morand">Morand</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Paquet" title="Eugène Paquet">Paquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Horace_King" title="James Horace King">King</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Pensions_and_National_Health_(Canada)" title="Minister of Pensions and National Health (Canada)">Ministers of Pensions and National Health</a> (1928–44)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Horace_King" title="James Horace King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ralston" title="James Ralston">Ralston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_MacLaren" title="Murray MacLaren">McLaren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Matheson_Sutherland" title="Donald Matheson Sutherland">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gavan_Power" title="Charles Gavan Power">Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Alistair_Mackenzie" title="Ian Alistair Mackenzie">Mackenzie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Veterans_Affairs_(Canada)" title="Minister of Veterans Affairs (Canada)">Ministers of Veterans Affairs</a> (1944–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Alistair_Mackenzie" title="Ian Alistair Mackenzie">Mackenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Fowler_Gregg" title="Milton Fowler Gregg">Gregg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugues_Lapointe" title="Hugues Lapointe">Lapointe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Johnson_Brooks" title="Alfred Johnson Brooks">Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Churchill" title="Gordon Churchill">Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Lambert" title="Marcel Lambert">Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Teillet" title="Roger Teillet">Teillet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Eudes_Dub%C3%A9" title="Jean-Eudes Dubé">Dubé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Laing" title="Arthur Laing">Laing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._MacDonald" title="Daniel J. MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_McKinnon" title="Allan McKinnon">McKinnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._MacDonald" title="Daniel J. MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Lamontagne" title="Gilles Lamontagne">Lamontagne</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennett_Campbell" title="Bennett Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hees" title="George Hees">Hees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Merrithew" title="Gerald Merrithew">Merrithew</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_McCreath" title="Peter McCreath">McCreath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Collenette" title="David Collenette">Collenette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Young_(politician)" title="Doug Young (politician)">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Mifflin" title="Fred Mifflin">Mifflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Baker_(Canadian_politician)" title="George Baker (Canadian politician)">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Duhamel" title="Ron Duhamel">Duhamel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rey_Pagtakhan" title="Rey Pagtakhan">Pagtakhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCallum" title="John McCallum">McCallum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albina_Guarnieri" title="Albina Guarnieri">Guarnieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Thompson" title="Greg Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Blackburn" title="Jean-Pierre Blackburn">Blackburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Blaney" title="Steven Blaney">Blaney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Fantino" title="Julian Fantino">Fantino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erin_O%27Toole" title="Erin O'Toole">O'Toole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_Hehr" title="Kent Hehr">Hehr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_O%27Regan" title="Seamus O'Regan">O'Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Wilson-Raybould" title="Jody Wilson-Raybould">Wilson-Raybould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harjit_Sajjan" title="Harjit Sajjan">Sajjan</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_MacAulay" title="Lawrence MacAulay">MacAulay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginette_Petitpas_Taylor" title="Ginette Petitpas Taylor">Taylor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ministers_of_intergovernmental_affairs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Intergovernmental_Affairs" title="Template:CA-Ministers of Intergovernmental Affairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CA-Ministers_of_Intergovernmental_Affairs" title="Template talk:CA-Ministers of Intergovernmental Affairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Intergovernmental_Affairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers of Intergovernmental Affairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ministers_of_intergovernmental_affairs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Intergovernmental_Affairs" title="Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs">Ministers of intergovernmental affairs</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers of State (Federal-Provincial Relations) (1977–91)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Lalonde" title="Marc Lalonde">Lalonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mercer_Reid" title="John Mercer Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Jarvis" title="William H. Jarvis">Jarvis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Murray" title="Lowell Murray">Murray</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minister responsible for Constitutional Affairs (1991–93)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Clark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minister responsible for Federal-Provincial Relations (1993)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Campbell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Intergovernmental_Affairs" title="Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs">Ministers of Intergovernmental Affairs</a> (1993–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Mass%C3%A9" title="Marcel Massé">Massé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Dion" title="Stéphane Dion">Dion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Pettigrew" title="Pierre Pettigrew">Pettigrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucienne_Robillard" title="Lucienne Robillard">Robillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Chong" title="Michael Chong">Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Van_Loan" title="Peter Van Loan">Van Loan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rona_Ambrose" title="Rona Ambrose">Ambrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9e_Verner" title="Josée Verner">Verner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Penashue" title="Peter Penashue">Penashue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Lebel" title="Denis Lebel">Lebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Trudeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_LeBlanc" title="Dominic LeBlanc">LeBlanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Freeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_LeBlanc" title="Dominic LeBlanc">LeBlanc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Canadian_Newsmaker_of_the_Year" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_Newsmaker_of_the_Year" title="Template:Canadian Newsmaker of the Year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadian_Newsmaker_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:Canadian Newsmaker of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian_Newsmaker_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian Newsmaker of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Canadian_Newsmaker_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Newsmaker_of_the_Year" title="Canadian Newsmaker of the Year">Canadian Newsmaker of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Gouzenko" title="Igor Gouzenko">Igor Gouzenko</a> <ul><li>1946</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Ann_Scott" title="Barbara Ann Scott">Barbara Ann Scott</a> <ul><li>1947</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lyon_Mackenzie_King" title="William Lyon Mackenzie King">William Lyon Mackenzie King</a> <ul><li>1948</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_St._Laurent" title="Louis St. Laurent">Louis St. Laurent</a> <ul><li>1949</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Lester B. Pearson</a> <ul><li>1950–1953</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Bell" title="Marilyn Bell">Marilyn Bell</a> <ul><li>1954</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Lester B. Pearson</a> <ul><li>1955–1956</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Diefenbaker" title="John Diefenbaker">John Diefenbaker</a> <ul><li>1957–1960</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joey_Smallwood" title="Joey Smallwood">Joey Smallwood</a> <ul><li>1959</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Elliott_Coyne" title="James Elliott Coyne">James Coyne</a> <ul><li>1961</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9al_Caouette" title="Réal Caouette">Réal Caouette</a> <ul><li>1962</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Lester B. Pearson</a> <ul><li>1963–1964</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Rivard" title="Lucien Rivard">Lucien Rivard</a> <ul><li>1965</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Diefenbaker" title="John Diefenbaker">John Diefenbaker</a> <ul><li>1966</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Lester B. Pearson</a> <ul><li>1967</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a> <ul><li>1968–1975</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_L%C3%A9vesque" title="René Lévesque">René Lévesque</a> <ul><li>1976–1977</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a> <ul><li>1978</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Joe Clark</a> <ul><li>1979</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Fox" title="Terry Fox">Terry Fox</a> <ul><li>1980–1981</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gretzky" title="Wayne Gretzky">Wayne Gretzky</a> <ul><li>1982</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a> <ul><li>1983–1984</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Fonyo" title="Steve Fonyo">Steve Fonyo</a> <ul><li>1985</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Hansen" title="Rick Hansen">Rick Hansen</a> <ul><li>1986–1987</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Johnson_(Canadian_sprinter)" title="Ben Johnson (Canadian sprinter)">Ben Johnson</a> <ul><li>1988</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(Canadian_politician)" title="Michael Wilson (Canadian politician)">Michael Wilson</a> <ul><li>1989</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Harper" title="Elijah Harper">Elijah Harper</a> <ul><li>1990</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a> <ul><li>1991</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlottetown_Accord" title="Charlottetown Accord">The referendum on the Charlottetown Accord</a> <ul><li>1992</li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kim Campbell</a> <ul><li>1993</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Parizeau" title="Jacques Parizeau">Jacques Parizeau</a> <ul><li>1994</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Bouchard" title="Lucien Bouchard">Lucien Bouchard</a> <ul><li>1995</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donovan_Bailey" title="Donovan Bailey">Donovan Bailey</a> <ul><li>1996</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Kennedy" title="Sheldon Kennedy">Sheldon Kennedy</a> <ul><li>1997</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a> <ul><li>1998</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a> <ul><li>1999, as Newsmaker of the 20th Century</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a> <ul><li>2000</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockwell_Day" title="Stockwell Day">Stockwell Day</a> <ul><li>2001</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a> <ul><li>2002</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Martin" title="Paul Martin">Paul Martin</a> <ul><li>2003–2004</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gomery" title="John Gomery">John Gomery</a> <ul><li>2005</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces">The Canadian Soldier</a> <ul><li>2006</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police" title="Royal Canadian Mounted Police">RCMP</a> <ul><li>2007</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Stephen Harper</a> <ul><li>2008–2009</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Williams_(criminal)" title="Russell Williams (criminal)">Russell Williams</a> <ul><li>2010</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Layton" title="Jack Layton">Jack Layton</a> <ul><li>2011</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Jun_Lin" title="Murder of Jun Lin">Luka Magnotta</a> <ul><li>2012</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Ford" title="Rob Ford">Rob Ford</a> <ul><li>2013</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu_ramming_attack" title="2014 Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu ramming attack">Patrice Vincent</a> and <a href="/wiki/2014_shootings_at_Parliament_Hill,_Ottawa" title="2014 shootings at Parliament Hill, Ottawa">Nathan Cirillo</a> <ul><li>2014</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> <ul><li>2015</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gord_Downie" title="Gord Downie">Gord Downie</a> <ul><li>2016–2017</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_Broncos" title="Humboldt Broncos">Humboldt Broncos</a> <ul><li>2018</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Wilson-Raybould" title="Jody Wilson-Raybould">Jody Wilson-Raybould</a> <ul><li>2019</li></ul></li> <li>Front-line workers in the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">COVID-19 pandemic</a> <ul><li>2020</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Indian_residential_school_gravesites" title="Canadian Indian residential school gravesites">Children lost in residential schools</a> <ul><li>2021</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_convoy_protest" title="Canada convoy protest">Canada convoy protesters</a> <ul><li>2022</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Poilievre" title="Pierre Poilievre">Pierre Poilievre</a> <ul><li>2023</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/31px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/47px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/62px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/25px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/37px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/50px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="343" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Canada portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128553#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128553#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128553#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000109865455">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/72198899">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/331417/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvMF449fTFt3YKvTyVHmd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119203197">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n93109981">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125648132">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125648132">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/231971222">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&oldid=1258973372">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kim_Campbell&oldid=1258973372</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Kim_Campbell" title="Category:Kim Campbell">Kim Campbell</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1947_births" title="Category:1947 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