CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135dbb5f814ce29',cH: 'yZG2Q8MJcaYZN59eJl6EWdfdNji8soy02tPDutGWwEo-1739796155-1.2.1.1-hqoBkytHTqURTAiDN2733QUt9u1z1hlVJgIVSDw6QXkqq2_hLkx9dhl6791fLNhf',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=high-solids&__cf_chl_tk=lYdw9hGK64DqC2dqyZpHMO8JvpMaOT_S7wF7qAICDKo-1739796155-1.0.1.1-jDiQFf9NBzS0C6f5HxPaHl29h0IGqA5PeZJ7d7kp9Y0",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739796155',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=high-solids&__cf_chl_f_tk=lYdw9hGK64DqC2dqyZpHMO8JvpMaOT_S7wF7qAICDKo-1739796155-1.0.1.1-jDiQFf9NBzS0C6f5HxPaHl29h0IGqA5PeZJ7d7kp9Y0",md: "oNQ5Dwu6nnstGiuSgR59OCnAOJScw6L.VLuCRoLZVRs-1739796155-1.2.1.1-NN4KQLaiOjqz82_.vOpNkZMYFDVQnubAfrgDH0rXTAZ.ch18b1ZDwWDUs2rNOVCJSTDEI1uX9NbZKY2JOprUBk0XnuzN5Gt7agvwqJ9npKHq4td_TGLhJRYUlJzA3Dr.lmwcrP2rKPzztKXHCFTY9HqGT6aQtHFXJA3PwlYdGhLCDN32mHc0RzVDkxDbMULHP8PhZz58A3qxBvBnSrF0Ywj2odXtvkI4HJO2c6EA04skcPnis_0JuOP1dClJBq2PFe4gyk3h89ZbVaSq6L4bAeV0d0Zs82Y9AbTkUuzza4ktc2BB0w8gUuGRQipQUES7vsaqRmlKtV.oSMk.jtbW13rDG4AtPz.5O0iJZIXqZUk_3_faHTqU.txiDx8mUo1OI8HEkeRiAl5PlLO5TZLF.tEPbQDh..PxjJyZtU05ffJRYDr9H1J0EE4T5px37ihlBcg9T57c9j5SNMjdM6KWp1kQaFkN8viBumfZWriylcTM1ypTiAal.q1MNLLJupgs4.943Rak6PB3R21hG6CgTANmy2zvZq1TwccKz3wsTFz9Nw3I1oJhBqyU7fu91KLm0uvf4SwXhHA7mBkqrXqyNm2Sb_YLH7l.lb30doWU.hhXc49EwtitcMh0jcV9ZvL8fL95av1Q3aWCqACI5JVJTnaInFEed_cP15QboljalwTpjC.rDDS8.5u.vPqxd_aGOR9btcJvymAhbOwI91JYo_7yA5emFfeqNWMC58pM1lNJ7HD.avGvtqTkjpQLwfJT6xVUEuf4SrTCRaCR4LH45w0t9vC9Ht_7Ush8ZH19TlGmw2LauHLAFIYyaYnw4QVluYJLGlgRq8PpV4Pi8EcitkSswG0zkriOm30llXjJ45ljHVrSarLbRjNhoZ2M8LLEbz8k5zMelMGq8g3r18JtWJbvr03jtSIRBtbqE_H.MYQA9jG60iM7b9VSC_uvhsNx1AiLBXg3CtJ8YFcHNw4aQ0nn6uV7U3JyR983y9e5g3gU5UYVjMK96T1ta93KvYEwcZunz6kTEhGNDuBjPdDn6a_Ig0ddW1shTHiWaDtT8BgTk879CTk67ITY7.Q8LUXJGHAWW5LSRSQBVs.fbZ7wCc2nSOBAt92fgof92zM4D8CM.C3Wy2uXj.iAgdumtaY5kj9i3dj8EUhXJzp_yE6wZh.Mqfwd9CkHo9_8utOkwGDqbzw_HQDFXLDtQUE1KQZJxP7qlDv6vSxlcYbPVi2FUyC89nb66l._fjw9cGQfHnLcNxlxHAiQU.ZYjfm2j9GmkFjTZpIR8XUOWqx16tdWcnAn773_k1ty8VvzOS4dnld6qbVGKuJtabiPUW2_0clhjAThJAMl5W65hotwaoYN2AeP3OFyWXGmyn.e1xCEnEPrah9JDl6DjTXzaflfEYrDhBxY7txsXkhra4CITWStaCqedmZoPdR9j1VNYAyGZkqXl.uGWzflg3Wrb.kAQqKrLKRlHFJNTPsvhwywLhmYlxpptC.D0Gv5AdYUShldfV8.UkRokR_kZPgeU8HmnM5tPOVsjZ7msxaJvYEDsl7ULbWARpyfDjy1YmDi9datDiyXXq6ya0XROWwUFa7K1Di5FZH58uy2.x9dLlgfKM3bLIKHDrT3xNnHJfH0skE7xB9sHoIYJ8E4KBpBmU0Qi4vgAfP3wZTfizAvh4nzmPlFrPS08VGqLq7lfTt7xwQV858NfuQNupXyxkhidxLydrxxvETBmN0k08NUv1Rnxnv45xYmKTY_RqG4oTeKJ6pHGxfLBAGRFJFAkZb3gJhjlLYpYRjU4_ozstP0NgX7Ra4oS5d8n1Oa5AMGG.lQtweJ6qE.b6MCSVxaActQYTd2Yl4ULOy4WNpcTUk_uTGEKwzT4l3NCLfiJcH0.Sr9vkm_j8zUqUFvVOZR60kd7tXhfKddqWLHfr7.wOtBEifL7T140Q",mdrd: "HM6ikAXuIH3pXZrT40L86kVnukwfksQM2KywLUCq0Xo-1739796155-1.2.1.1-7mKB3kB8.dmasDR0Qmwl2nr9Wcejb.705vaoFa59b7QfGfTSiZBoJ06SNAfblvCvPk_6kOpiIYjjziDin.rE_.pyWJcM8YPCIXlhlRLOR8ykTlc10WX38XaukaSWn.LNr3RL5_2iFjqMrPtiAOTtA_6rDamJo9Gtl5xwmdpH4aPy8YkBBYHGuC.FnGK5htYDbjFd8B_QWdIzKD66YevBCmkq5PPV2QewYgYRVlVFJrA0PjdM5xJBvK8d5a12ajFoL1dh1bzMJIDQkPEVsvhn4N952fgp1NcOGTBlHweAO9uyo3JhO7R1WUV.AOI1SYAYVeKykU9i5qIs5QIBDTgMkncY7hUf0mLqF4mwAb2vfhMS.gK9oW2dzjA7B_2yvN_5pE30.FP67DO5l3JWMnGEvBYIQbkmLx89PL5vmWef8IYbpiIGxzEZjEiu.fYpUSsSt2RUr5elLiTFwFTdd32Y6Tyn5M3U9XJV_xmu4hG9pBR06V1JhedMyQ1BRqsFeuyZYfDZWysMom0EvFZpxVvK5SIfEA21t.uppfuLRUYBwdEhL9mqowjc7LMw3rEiImMqYdSpKv44yKs4yaS4H4D_9Hp.xPNiMei0Xjb5hAW3WqzqJknrgdtCY3fKuMKg8XXR_9K3ZK5pDQztBq1HheUcdHe8eWVtCAKRUKAPjJAXtgZm8HCMYiQjBFxV0jISuny0GhUJyyqpu1kfe8Fw6WJBeFNh2ij0AzBUgo5DvrPu3y.EDzmnGGcPeSIdrAqCpFEIGHm1hx41yTdnAwV7k2zqQ4yThSNpR4mdON67yoq3wiLZLtIAR16e8WvIrSg1HQcHvyeIxqJxRYs9gBF6F2Pm97Nejj.5lJZp3qCXHV0NmDhCgMNp9xNFE1DtypdAqa1cLJUF5.IqH90M5xZB1JSFi5qyyAJEIUfGd.XX4toV.OP_gez0ayZ.XeGIMIiXE9hUHPlReXu8bqxj1.RWdWrvWF3z8SLAH_Sy4oEJRrog1zu2wScNiwpNuwpNAkYbAD4oDgWFJg9O6u9JAEMoPJ3peX0JqzuTCn3olSp9.x3LYYbuKwfp.bXOZ.K0F_ToKlPMK0Oi8RN0zenRxlMK68tV7o.rp9X3Pw7t3xJ58BNwdqSqu21yuDtaohazjddL1xCoPc8iiAXjn6cW_j2OIFqOHYD9IvJlk0LdcQeAgTWXxB7Wf60VR.h9xMEwL5HdByjMHEJu.o0WgYVajdofWFeFgKRjCcJypg63h8wQ59USzhP7eyxWbg_Utgg92E5d_ceilB.xmCGc8KX0m7AMso8eZTDVfMQwAmDlmf3KOONfou2pCth6NHH3pXW_bwcFQ60kZh8NJzL_BXoqLYyOwU53Q91XD85If044metef3HjoK9s_1alIn2qtXBLlsciMKkCBUgaH5VTPXIgBDYz9J99C2yGJdMa3uQ1eV8Z0KoBiuZ9QbVWDGrPaBddBb3Etf0QWS9MLCQlf9sxfBgi_Kfxppa7regaS6rYU3miFG5cyeGwz8DC9xFShGTeD7eiC4y3pEogl1M8JbuYPV_3EQDakXrJw_SU3B2IWo6.dJ4uvfAWpkhR6T03Gx..zR60ck1UtV7Eia2D0VWTZ3Tp8DYJ.nIZCIy7k6_64lCX9Uitixn9Nn3P_7.dIzXJxgqLiCJIjcXKamdzzZIoqYj9AYkYEKqJedbve.lFwXLbp6ylAIAmYFaf9nJ9HsWNzqc2EUc91mHhpIM5PiCAK7OEvKPPOVQHsRmuCEowLTfYQrvBB_zXpztCy_qbWNMHWzaF4Eg1wIR2oSkRGVlgr.cFvi_w5G.lOgufPlSb8Z.WORKz.ukJmsu1va1if4qSMv_acaiHn4d2yfmmDYR0Rmz1_mb9arb8HQOl.ACsa8h0PBBcf5h23RLYapmThpZ68vQhhmRqLpwSoLNN40OrNSrQdpAEqf6nbOLq63WAE73qS9Y7K_ow2WUzvbNKI3ryjphQi0TJIOD_V2iHFtwp8IIUOxafaQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135dbb5f814ce29';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=high-solids&__cf_chl_rt_tk=lYdw9hGK64DqC2dqyZpHMO8JvpMaOT_S7wF7qAICDKo-1739796155-1.0.1.1-jDiQFf9NBzS0C6f5HxPaHl29h0IGqA5PeZJ7d7kp9Y0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>