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class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Language" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " 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changes from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Universals_of_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Universals_of_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Universals of language</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Universals_of_language-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Universals of language subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Universals_of_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inheritance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inheritance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Inheritance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inheritance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Types of language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types_of_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Related pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other websites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Language</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 260 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-260" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">260 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahsa" title="Bahsa – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bahsa" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taal" title="Taal – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Taal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprache" title="Sprache – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Тил – Southern Altai" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Тил" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Southern Altai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%89%8B" title="ቋንቋ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቋንቋ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiel%C3%A2" title="Kielâ – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Kielâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spr%C3%A6c" title="Spræc – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Spræc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9" title="لغة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luengache" title="Luengache – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Luengache" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_(%DC%A1%DC%A1%DC%A0%DC%A0%DC%90)" title="ܠܫܢܐ (ܡܡܠܠܐ) – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ (ܡܡܠܠܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Լեզու – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Լեզու" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb%C3%A2" title="Limbâ – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Limbâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengoua" title="Lengoua – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Lengoua" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="ভাষা – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ভাষা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llinguaxe" title="Llinguaxe – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llinguaxe" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91e%27%E1%BA%BDte" title="Ñe'ẽte – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñe'ẽte" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%86%D3%80" title="МацӀ – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="МацӀ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aru" title="Aru – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Aru" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dil" title="Dil – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dil" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84" title="دیل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دیل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kan" title="Kan – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Kan" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="ভাষা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langue" title="Langue – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Langue" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A2n-g%C3%BA" title="Giân-gú – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Giân-gú" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB_(%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Тел (лингвистика) – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тел (лингвистика)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мова – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataramon" title="Tataramon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tataramon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA_(%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Език (лингвистика) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Език (лингвистика)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sproch" title="Sproch – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Sproch" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="སྐད་རིགས། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྐད་རིགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezik" title="Jezik – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Jezik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yezh" title="Yezh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Хэлэн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хэлэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llenguatge" title="Llenguatge – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llenguatge" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B5" title="Чĕлхе – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Чĕлхе" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinulongan" title="Pinulongan – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pinulongan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazyk_(lingvistika)" title="Jazyk (lingvistika) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jazyk (lingvistika)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenggu%C3%A5hi" title="Lengguåhi – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Lengguåhi" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaje" title="Lenguaje – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Lenguaje" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutauro" title="Mutauro – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mutauro" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iaith" title="Iaith – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Iaith" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C9%9Bt%C9%94%C9%A3ili" title="Yɛtɔɣili – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Yɛtɔɣili" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprog" title="Sprog – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sprog" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%A9" title="لوغة – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لوغة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giella" title="Giella – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Giella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schprooch" title="Schprooch – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Schprooch" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprache" title="Sprache – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%84%DE%A6%DE%90%DE%B0" title="ބަސް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ބަސް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keel" title="Keel – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Γλώσσα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langua" title="Langua – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Langua" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language" title="Language – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaje" title="Lenguaje – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lenguaje" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingvo" title="Lingvo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguagi" title="Lenguagi – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Lenguagi" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mintzaira" title="Mintzaira – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mintzaira" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زبان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhasa" title="Bhasa – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1l" title="Mál – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langage" title="Langage – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Langage" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taal" title="Taal – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Taal" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga%C3%A7" title="Lengaç – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Lengaç" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teanga" title="Teanga – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teanga" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87hengey_(%C3%A7haghteraght)" title="Çhengey (çhaghteraght) – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Çhengey (çhaghteraght)" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0nan" title="Cànan – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cànan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguaxe" title="Linguaxe – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Linguaxe" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Мотт – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Мотт" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="語言 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="語言" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زوان – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="زوان" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE" title="ભાષા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ભાષા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B6%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="भास आनी भासविज्ञान – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="भास आनी भासविज्ञान" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%AE-ngi%C3%A8n" title="Ngî-ngièn – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ngî-ngièn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4" title="언어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="언어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harshe_(yare)" title="Harshe (yare) – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Harshe (yare)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Լեզու – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լեզու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezik" title="Jezik – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Bahasa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguo" title="Linguo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/As%E1%BB%A5s%E1%BB%A5" title="Asụsụ – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Asụsụ" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao" title="Pagsasao – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguage" title="Linguage – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Linguage" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingue" title="Lingue – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Lingue" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uqautchit" title="Uqautchit – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Uqautchit" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Æвзаг – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulwimi" title="Ulwimi – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ulwimi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izilimi" title="Izilimi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Izilimi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungum%C3%A1l" title="Tungumál – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tungumál" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguaggio" title="Linguaggio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Linguaggio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%94" title="שפה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שפה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oqaatsit" title="Oqaatsit – Kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Oqaatsit" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="Kalaallisut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ಭಾಷೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanu" title="Amanu – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Amanu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Тил – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Тил" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ენა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%8E%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زَبان – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="زَبان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%96%D0%BB_(%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Тіл (лингвистика) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тіл (лингвистика)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeth" title="Yeth – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Yeth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugha" title="Lugha – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lugha" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Кыв – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nd%C3%AEnga" title="Ndînga – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Ndînga" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lang_(paw%C3%B2l)" title="Lang (pawòl) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lang (pawòl)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanng" title="Lanng – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lanng" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman" title="Ziman – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ziman" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Тил – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тил" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingaz" title="Lingaz – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Lingaz" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Маз – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Маз" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2" title="ພາສາ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vol%C5%ABda" title="Volūda – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Volūda" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua" title="Lingua – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valoda" title="Valoda – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprooch" title="Sprooch – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sprooch" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="ЧӀал – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="ЧӀал" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalba" title="Kalba – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li" title="Li – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Li" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taol" title="Taol – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Taol" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lok%C3%B3t%C3%A1" title="Lokótá – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Lokótá" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua" title="Lingua – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Lingua" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/bangu" title="bangu – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="bangu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma" title="Idioma – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Idioma" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyelv" title="Nyelv – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bh%C3%A2sa" title="Bhâsa – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Bhâsa" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Јазик – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_(heviny_mivelatra)" title="Fiteny (heviny mivelatra) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny (heviny mivelatra)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ഭാഷ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwa" title="Lingwa – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwa" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ნინა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%87" title="لغه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لغه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="زوون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="زوون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9C" title="ꯂꯣꯜ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯂꯣꯜ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso" title="Bahaso – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84-ngi%C3%B2ng" title="Ngṳ̄-ngiòng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ngṳ̄-ngiòng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Кяль – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Хэл – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဘာသာစကား – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vosa" title="Vosa – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Vosa" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taal" title="Taal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Taal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taol" title="Taol – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Taol" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D" title="भाय् – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="भाय्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E" title="言語 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="言語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua" title="Lengua – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Lengua" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9E%DF%8A%DF%B2" title="ߞߊ߲ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߞߊ߲" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Мотт – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spr%C3%A4ke_(iinjt%C3%A5l)" title="Spräke (iinjtål) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Spräke (iinjtål)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laenghwij" title="Laenghwij – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Laenghwij" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spr%C3%A5k" title="Språk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Språk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spr%C3%A5k" title="Språk – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Språk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laungue" title="Laungue – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Laungue" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingues" title="Lingues – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Lingues" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengatge" title="Lengatge – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lengatge" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Йылме – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Йылме" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AD%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B7%E0%AC%BE" title="ଭାଷା – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଭାଷା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Til" title="Til – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Til" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਭਾਸ਼ਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowal" title="Sowal – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Sowal" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="بولی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بولی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%84%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%84%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AB" title="ဘာႏသာႏငဝ်းငွါ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဘာႏသာႏငဝ်းငွါ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma" title="Idioma – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Idioma" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="ژبه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languij" title="Languij – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Languij" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Кыв – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Кыв" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6" title="ភាសា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភាសា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langache" title="Langache – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Langache" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langagi" title="Langagi – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Langagi" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokples" title="Tokples – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Tokples" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spraak" title="Spraak – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Spraak" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_(mowa)" title="Język (mowa) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język (mowa)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguagem" title="Linguagem – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Linguagem" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Til" title="Til – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Til" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprooch" title="Sprooch – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Sprooch" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb%C4%83_(comunicare)" title="Limbă (comunicare) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limbă (comunicare)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chib" title="Chib – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Chib" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua" title="Lingua – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Lingua" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimay" title="Rimay – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rimay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Язык – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Язык" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Язык – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BB_(%D1%81%D0%B0%D2%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80)" title="Тыл (саҥарар) – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тыл (саҥарар)" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/kamu" title="kamu – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="kamu" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagana" title="Gagana – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Gagana" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भाषा – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="भाषा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%A2ng%C3%A2k%C3%B6d%C3%B6r%C3%B6" title="Yângâködörö – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Yângâködörö" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زبان – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="زبان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbas" title="Limbas – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limbas" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leid" title="Leid – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kari" title="Kari – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Kari" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sproake" title="Sproake – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Sproake" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipuo" title="Dipuo – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Dipuo" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_(komunikim)" title="Gjuha (komunikim) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha (komunikim)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_(parr%C3%A0ta)" title="Lingua (parràta) – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua (parràta)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="භාෂාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="භාෂාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="ٻولي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazyk_(jazykoveda)" title="Jazyk (jazykoveda) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Jazyk (jazykoveda)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezik_(sredstvo_sporazumevanja)" title="Jezik (sredstvo sporazumevanja) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Jezik (sredstvo sporazumevanja)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%A8%EA%99%81%EA%99%91%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Ѩꙁꙑкъ – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Ѩꙁꙑкъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godka" title="Godka – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Godka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luuqad_(Af)" title="Luuqad (Af) – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Luuqad (Af)" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زمان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongo" title="Tongo – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Tongo" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Језик – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezik" title="Jezik – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kieli" title="Kieli – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spr%C3%A5k" title="Språk – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Språk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wika" title="Wika – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="மொழி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt" title="Tutlayt – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tutlayt" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt" title="Tutlayt – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tutlayt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Тел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7" title="భాష – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="భాష" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2" title="ภาษา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Забон – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%AC%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%AF%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%97" title="ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%86" title="ಬಾಸೆ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಬಾಸೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dil" title="Dil – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dil" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dil" title="Dil – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Dil" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1lyem_(nwap)" title="A̱lyem (nwap) – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱lyem (nwap)" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мова – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زبان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84" title="تىل – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تىل" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vah" title="Vah – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vah" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguajo" title="Lenguajo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Lenguajo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kel%27" title="Kel' – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF" title="Ngôn ngữ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngôn ngữ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%BCk" title="Pük – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Pük" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiil_(keeletiid%C3%BCs)" title="Kiil (keeletiidüs) – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kiil (keeletiidüs)" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingaedje" title="Lingaedje – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Lingaedje" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="語言 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="語言" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yinaknan" title="Yinaknan – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Yinaknan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A0llaama" title="Kàllaama – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Kàllaama" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="語言 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="語言" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ririmi" title="Ririmi – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Ririmi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9A" title="שפראך – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="שפראך" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8" title="Èdè – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="語言 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="語言" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%B1wan_(l%C4%B1san)" title="Zıwan (lısan) – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zıwan (lısan)" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taele" title="Taele – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Taele" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalba" title="Kalba – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kalba" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="語言 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="語言" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hata" title="Hata – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Hata" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa" title="Basa – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Basa" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saro" title="Saro – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Saro" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaku" title="Jaku – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jaku" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zyvon" title="Zyvon – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵍⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q315#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tepantitla_mural,_Ballplayer_A_(Daquella_manera).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Tepantitla_mural%2C_Ballplayer_A_%28Daquella_manera%29.jpg/220px-Tepantitla_mural%2C_Ballplayer_A_%28Daquella_manera%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Tepantitla_mural%2C_Ballplayer_A_%28Daquella_manera%29.jpg/330px-Tepantitla_mural%2C_Ballplayer_A_%28Daquella_manera%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Tepantitla_mural%2C_Ballplayer_A_%28Daquella_manera%29.jpg/440px-Tepantitla_mural%2C_Ballplayer_A_%28Daquella_manera%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1805" data-file-height="1217" /></a><figcaption>A mural in Teotihuacan, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> (2nd century)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Girls_learning_sign_language.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Girls_learning_sign_language.jpg/220px-Girls_learning_sign_language.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Girls_learning_sign_language.jpg/330px-Girls_learning_sign_language.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Girls_learning_sign_language.jpg/440px-Girls_learning_sign_language.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2187" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>Girls using <a href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">sign language</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ASL_family.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/ASL_family.jpg/220px-ASL_family.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/ASL_family.jpg/330px-ASL_family.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/ASL_family.jpg/440px-ASL_family.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>People using sign language</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Language</b><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the normal way <a href="/wiki/Human" title="Human">humans</a> <a href="/wiki/Communication" title="Communication">communicate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only <a href="/wiki/Human" title="Human">humans</a> use language, though other animals communicate through other means. The study of language is called <a href="/wiki/Linguistics" title="Linguistics">linguistics</a>. </p><p>Human language has <a href="/wiki/Syntax" title="Syntax">syntax</a>, a set of <a href="/wiki/Rule" class="mw-disambig" title="Rule">rules</a> for connecting <a href="/wiki/Word" title="Word">words</a> together to make <a href="/wiki/Proposition" title="Proposition">statements</a> and <a href="/wiki/Question" title="Question">questions</a>. Language can also be changed, by adding new words, for example, to describe new things. Other animals may inherit a set of calls which have pre-set functions. </p><p>Language may be done by <a href="/wiki/Speech" title="Speech">speech</a> or by <a href="/wiki/Writing" title="Writing">writing</a> or by moving the hands to make <a href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">signs</a>. It follows that language is <i>not</i> just any way of communicating. Even some human communication is not language: see <a href="/wiki/Non-verbal_communication" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-verbal communication">non-verbal communication</a>. Humans also use language for <a href="/wiki/Thought" title="Thought">thinking</a>. </p><p>When people use the word <i>language</i>, they can also mean: </p> <ol><li>the language of a <a href="/wiki/Community" title="Community">community</a> or <a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">country</a></li> <li>the ability of <a href="/wiki/Speech" title="Speech">speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formal_language" title="Formal language">formal language</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logic" title="Logic">logic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Computing" class="mw-redirect" title="Computing">computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">sign language</a> for deaf people (people who cannot hear)</li> <li>a type of <a href="/wiki/School" title="School">school</a> subject</li></ol> <p><a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> says that 2,500 languages are at risk of becoming <a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">extinct</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Universals_of_language">Universals of language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Universals of language" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Universals of language"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All languages share certain things which separate them from all other kinds of communication.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Chao_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chao-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>A language has rules which are shared by a community.</li> <li>All human languages are based on <a href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">sound</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hearing" title="Hearing">hearing</a>, or in the case of <a href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">sign language</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sight" title="Sight">vision</a>. All the basic sound units, or <a href="/wiki/Phoneme" title="Phoneme">phonemes</a>, have this in common: they can be spoken by the human <a href="/wiki/Voice" title="Voice">voice</a>, and heard by the human <a href="/wiki/Ear" title="Ear">ear</a>.</li> <li>The sounds come out in a <a href="/wiki/Sequence" title="Sequence">sequence</a>, not all at once. This is mimicked in writing, where the marks are put on the paper or screen in the same sequence.</li> <li>The stream of sounds have little gaps between them, and come in bigger packages. We call the bigger packets <a href="/wiki/Sentence" title="Sentence">sentences</a> or <a href="/wiki/Question" title="Question">questions</a> or replies or comments.</li> <li>In most languages, <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> being one, the <a href="/wiki/Syntax" title="Syntax">syntax</a> or order of the words can change the meaning: "the cat sat on the man" is different from "the man sat on the cat".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word" title="Word">Words</a> (which may be made up of more than one phoneme) divide up into two classes: content and non-content. Content words have <a href="/wiki/Semantics" title="Semantics">meaning</a>: nouns, verbs, adjectives, <a href="/wiki/Et_cetera" title="Et cetera">etc.</a>. Non-content words are there to make the language work: <i>and</i>, <i>not</i>, <i>in</i>, <i>out</i>, <i>what</i>, etc. <a href="/wiki/Grammar" title="Grammar">Grammar</a> consists of studying how words fit together to mean something.</li> <li>All languages have: <ol><li>sentences with two types of expression: <a href="/wiki/Noun" title="Noun">nouns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Verb" title="Verb">verbs</a>: <i>Jill is</i> here.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adjective" title="Adjective">adjectives</a> to modify nouns: <i>good</i> food.</li> <li>ways of linking: sink <i>or</i> swim.</li> <li>dummy elements: Jill likes to swim, <i>so</i> do I.</li> <li>devices to order or ask questions: Get up! Are you ill?</li></ol></li> <li>Most of the languages have a <a href="/wiki/Writing_system" title="Writing system">written form</a>. Before the invention of audio recording, the writing system was the only way to keep track of spoken information.</li> <li>All languages constantly evolve. New words appear, new forms of saying things, new accents.</li></ol> <p>There are many more things in common between languages.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inheritance">Inheritance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Inheritance" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Inheritance"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The capacity to learn and use language is <a href="/wiki/Heredity" title="Heredity">inherited</a>. Normally, all humans are born with this capability. <i>Which</i> language is learned by a child depends on which language is spoken by the child's community. The <i>capacity</i> is inherited, but the particular language is learned. </p><p>Children have a special period, from about 18 months to about four years, which is critical for learning the language. If this is seriously disrupted, then their language skills will be damaged. Older people learn differently, so they seldom learn a <a href="/wiki/Second_language" title="Second language">second language</a> as well as they learn their native language. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_language">Types of language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Types of language" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Types of language"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">Mathematics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a> use created languages called <a href="/wiki/Formal_language" title="Formal language">formal languages</a> (like computer <a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming languages</a>), but these may or may not be 'true' languages. Mathematics itself is seen as a language by many. Some people consider <a href="/wiki/Musical_notation" title="Musical notation">musical notation</a> to be a way of writing the musical language. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> is the language with the most native speakers in the world, but <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> is not really a language. It is a close family of <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialects</a>, some of which are as different as <a href="/wiki/Romance_languages" title="Romance languages">Romance languages</a> are from one another. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> is on of the largest <a href="/wiki/Turkic_languages" title="Turkic languages">Turkic languages</a> ever spoken. </p><p>English is often called "the international language", or <a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua franca</a>. It is the main second language of the world and the international language of <a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">science</a>, <a href="/wiki/Travel" title="Travel">travel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Business" title="Business">business</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diplomacy" title="Diplomacy">diplomacy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Entertainment" title="Entertainment">entertainment</a>. <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> had a similar status until the 20th century, and other languages had it at other times. </p> <dl><dd><ul><li><b>English</b> as a first language: 380 million.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup>p108</sup></li> <li>English as an official second language: up to 300 million.</li> <li>English taught as a second language, but with no official status: anyone's guess, up to 1000 million/1 billion.</li> <li><b>Chinese</b> (Mandarin): 390 million native speakers.<sup id="cite_ref-Chao_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chao-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup>p96</sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Hoffish(Swedish Dialect): 176 (smallest spoken language)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">source?</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul></dd></dl> <p>Some languages are made up so that a lot of people around the world can learn them, without the new languages being tied to any specific country or place. These are called <a href="/wiki/Constructed_language" title="Constructed language">constructed languages</a> also known as <a href="/wiki/Speech" title="Speech">Oral Sects.</a> One of the most popular of these languages is <a href="/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto">Esperanto</a>, which is sometimes called "La Internacia Lingvo," or "The International Language." Another of these languages is called <a href="/wiki/Volap%C3%BCk" title="Volapük">Volapük</a>, which was popular about a hundred years ago but is much less popular now. It has mostly been replaced by languages like <a href="/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto">Esperanto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interlingua" title="Interlingua">Interlingua</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ido" title="Ido">Ido</a>. Dialects are basically other versions of a language. For example, Hoffish is a dialect of Swedish. </p><p>Part of the reason that <a href="/wiki/Volap%C3%BCk" title="Volapük">Volapük</a> became unpopular is that some sounds are hard to say for people who speak <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> or English, two of the most widely spoken languages in the world. </p><p>Some languages are only spoken by closed ethnic groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Romani_language" title="Romani language">Romani language</a>, which is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by only gypsies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_English_Wiktionary" title="Wikipedia:Simple English Wiktionary">Simple English Wiktionary</a> has a <a href="/wiki/Definition" title="Definition">definition</a> for: <i> <b><a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/language" class="extiw" title="wikt:language">language</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671870"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671876"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8662964"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Language" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Language"><span style="">Language</span></a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basic_English" title="Basic English">Basic English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">Sign language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_as_a_foreign_language" class="mw-redirect" title="English as a foreign language">English as a foreign language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_linguistics" title="Historical linguistics">Historical linguistics</a></li> <li>Language education</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_families_and_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Language families and languages">Language families and languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linguistics" title="Linguistics">Linguistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_languages" title="List of languages">List of languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthography" title="Orthography">Orthography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonology" title="Phonology">Phonology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_language" title="Second language">Second language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semantics" title="Semantics">Semantics</a></li> <li>Speech therapy</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Greenberg J.H. (ed) 1966. <i>Universals of language</i>. 2nd ed, MIT Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Concise Oxford dictionary</i>. p764</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/guide/languages.shtml">"BBC Languages"</a>. British Broadcasting Corporation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BBC+Languages&rft.pub=British+Broadcasting+Corporation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Flanguages%2Fguide%2Flanguages.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ALanguage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Scalise, Sergio; Magni, Elisabetta; Bisetto, Antonietta (eds) 2009. <i>Universals of language today</i>. Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, vol 76. Springer Verlag.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chao-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Chao_5-0">5.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Chao_5-1">5.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Yuan Ren Chao 1968. <i>Language and symbolic systems</i>. Cambridge.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Crystal, David 1995. <i>The Cambridge encyclopedia of the English language</i>. Cambridge.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">850 million claimed by English Wikipedia (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese language</a>) but without specific reference.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Language&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Language_(general)">Language (general)</a> -Citizendium</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122492">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_of_Countries" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#D5E6FF;;background: #BFD7FF"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122447">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Languages_of_Countries" title="Template:Languages of Countries"><abbr title="View this template" style="background:#D5E6FF;;background: #BFD7FF;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Languages_of_Countries" title="Template talk:Languages of Countries"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="background:#D5E6FF;;background: #BFD7FF;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Languages_of_Countries&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="background:#D5E6FF;;background: #BFD7FF;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_Countries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Languages of Countries</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#D5E6FF;;width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Algeria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Algeria (not yet started)">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Angola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Angola (not yet started)">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Benin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Benin (not yet started)">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Botswana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Botswana (not yet started)">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Burkina_Faso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Burkina Faso (not yet started)">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Burundi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Burundi (not yet started)">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Cameroon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Cameroon (not yet started)">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Cape_Verde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Cape Verde (not yet started)">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Central_African_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Central African Republic (not yet started)">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Chad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Chad (not yet started)">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Comoros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Comoros (not yet started)">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Republic_of_the_Congo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Republic of the Congo (not yet started)">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Democratic Republic of the Congo (not yet started)">DR Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Djibouti (not yet started)">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Egypt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Egypt (not yet started)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Equatorial_Guinea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Equatorial Guinea (not yet started)">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Eritrea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Eritrea (not yet started)">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Eswatini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Eswatini (not yet started)">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Ethiopia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Ethiopia (not yet started)">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Gabon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Gabon (not yet started)">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_The_Gambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of The Gambia (not yet started)">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Ghana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Ghana (not yet started)">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Guinea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Guinea (not yet started)">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Guinea-Bissau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Guinea-Bissau (not yet started)">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Ivory_Coast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Ivory Coast (not yet started)">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Kenya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Kenya (not yet started)">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Lesotho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Lesotho (not yet started)">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Liberia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Liberia (not yet started)">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Libya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Libya (not yet started)">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Madagascar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Madagascar (not yet started)">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Malawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Malawi (not yet started)">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Mali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Mali (not yet started)">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Mauritania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Mauritania (not yet started)">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Mauritius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Mauritius (not yet started)">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Morocco" title="Languages of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Mozambique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Mozambique (not yet started)">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Namibia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Namibia (not yet started)">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Niger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Niger (not yet started)">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Nigeria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Nigeria (not yet started)">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Rwanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Rwanda (not yet started)">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of São Tomé and Príncipe (not yet started)">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Senegal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Senegal (not yet started)">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Seychelles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Seychelles (not yet started)">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Sierra_Leone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Sierra Leone (not yet started)">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Somalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Somalia (not yet started)">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_South_Africa" title="Languages of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_South_Sudan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of South Sudan (not yet started)">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Sudan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Sudan (not yet started)">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Tanzania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Tanzania (not yet started)">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Togo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Togo (not yet started)">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Tunisia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Tunisia (not yet started)">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Uganda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Uganda (not yet started)">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Zambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Zambia (not yet started)">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Zimbabwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Zimbabwe (not yet started)">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#D5E6FF;;width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Antigua and Barbuda (not yet started)">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Argentina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Argentina (not yet started)">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Aruba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Aruba (not yet started)">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Bahamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Bahamas (not yet started)">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Barbados&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Barbados (not yet started)">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Belize&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Belize (not yet started)">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Bermuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Bermuda (not yet started)">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Bolivia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Bolivia (not yet started)">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Brazil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Brazil (not yet started)">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_British_Virgin_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of British Virgin Islands (not yet started)">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Canada" title="Languages of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Cayman_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Cayman Islands (not yet started)">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Chile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Chile (not yet started)">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Colombia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Colombia (not yet started)">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Costa_Rica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Costa Rica (not yet started)">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Cuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Cuba (not yet started)">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Dominica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Dominica (not yet started)">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Dominican_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Dominican Republic (not yet started)">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Ecuador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Ecuador (not yet started)">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_El_Salvador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of El Salvador (not yet started)">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Grenada (not yet started)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Guatemala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Guatemala (not yet started)">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Guyana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Guyana (not yet started)">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Haiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Haiti (not yet started)">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Honduras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Honduras (not yet started)">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Jamaica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Jamaica (not yet started)">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Mexico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Mexico (not yet started)">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Nicaragua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Nicaragua (not yet started)">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Panama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Panama (not yet started)">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Paraguay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Paraguay (not yet started)">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Peru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Peru (not yet started)">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Puerto Rico (not yet started)">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Saint Kitts and Nevis (not yet started)">St. Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Saint_Lucia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Saint Lucia (not yet started)">St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (not yet started)">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Suriname&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Suriname (not yet started)">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Trinidad and Tobago (not yet started)">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of United States (not yet started)">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Uruguay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Uruguay (not yet started)">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Venezuela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Venezuela (not yet started)">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Virgin_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Virgin Islands (not yet started)">Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#D5E6FF;;width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Afghanistan" title="Languages of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Bahrain (not yet started)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Bangladesh (not yet started)">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Bhutan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Bhutan (not yet started)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Brunei (not yet started)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Cambodia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Cambodia (not yet started)">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of China (not yet started)">China</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Chinese_Taipei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Chinese Taipei (not yet started)">Chinese Taipei</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_East_Timor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of East Timor (not yet started)">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Hong_Kong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Hong Kong (not yet started)">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_India" title="Languages of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Indonesia (not yet started)">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Iran" title="Languages of Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Iraq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Iraq (not yet started)">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Jordan (not yet started)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Kazakhstan (not yet started)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li>Korea <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_North_Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of North Korea (not yet started)">North</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_South_Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of South Korea (not yet started)">South</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Kuwait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Kuwait (not yet started)">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Kyrgyzstan (not yet started)">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Laos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Laos (not yet started)">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Lebanon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Lebanon (not yet started)">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Malaysia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Malaysia (not yet started)">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Maldives&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Maldives (not yet started)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Mongolia (not yet started)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Myanmar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Myanmar (not yet started)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Nepal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Nepal (not yet started)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Oman (not yet started)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Pakistan" title="Languages of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Palestine (not yet started)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Philippines (not yet started)">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Qatar (not yet started)">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Saudi Arabia (not yet started)">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Singapore" title="Languages of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Sri Lanka (not yet started)">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Syria (not yet started)">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Tajikistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Tajikistan (not yet started)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Thailand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Thailand (not yet started)">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Turkmenistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Turkmenistan (not yet started)">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_United_Arab_Emirates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of United Arab Emirates (not yet started)">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Uzbekistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Uzbekistan (not yet started)">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Vietnam (not yet started)">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Yemen (not yet started)">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#D5E6FF;;width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Albania (not yet started)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Armenia (not yet started)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Austria (not yet started)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Azerbaijan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Azerbaijan (not yet started)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Belarus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Belarus (not yet started)">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Belgium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Belgium (not yet started)">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina (not yet started)">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Bulgaria (not yet started)">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Croatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Croatia (not yet started)">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Cyprus (not yet started)">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Czech_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Czech Republic (not yet started)">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Denmark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Denmark (not yet started)">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Estonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Estonia (not yet started)">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Finland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Finland (not yet started)">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of France (not yet started)">France</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Georgia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Georgia (not yet started)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Germany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Germany (not yet started)">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Great_Britain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Great Britain (not yet started)">Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Greece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Greece (not yet started)">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Hungary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Hungary (not yet started)">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Iceland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Iceland (not yet started)">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Ireland" title="Languages of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Israel (not yet started)">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Italy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Italy (not yet started)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Kosovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Kosovo (not yet started)">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Latvia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Latvia (not yet started)">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Liechtenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Liechtenstein (not yet started)">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Lithuania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Lithuania (not yet started)">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Luxembourg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Luxembourg (not yet started)">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Malta" title="Languages of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Moldova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Moldova (not yet started)">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Monaco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Monaco (not yet started)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Montenegro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Montenegro (not yet started)">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Netherlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Netherlands (not yet started)">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_North_Macedonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of North Macedonia (not yet started)">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Norway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Norway (not yet started)">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Poland (not yet started)">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Portugal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Portugal (not yet started)">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Romania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Romania (not yet started)">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Russia" title="Languages of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of San Marino (not yet started)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Serbia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Serbia (not yet started)">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Slovakia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Slovakia (not yet started)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Slovenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Slovenia (not yet started)">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Spain" title="Languages of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Sweden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Sweden (not yet started)">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Switzerland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Switzerland (not yet started)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Turkey (not yet started)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Ukraine (not yet started)">Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#D5E6FF;;width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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