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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Districts of Japan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مقاطعات اليابان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مقاطعات اليابان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Districtes_del_Jap%C3%B3" title="Districtes del Japó – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Districtes del Japó" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distrikter_i_Japan" title="Distrikter i Japan – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Distrikter i Japan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_(Japan)" title="Gun (Japan) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gun (Japan)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distritos_de_Jap%C3%B3n" title="Distritos de Japón – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Distritos de Japón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distriktoj_de_Japanio" title="Distriktoj de Japanio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Distriktoj de Japanio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%86" title="شهرستان‌های ژاپن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شهرستان‌های ژاپن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_(Japon)" title="District (Japon) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="District (Japon)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagiti_distrito_ti_Hapon" title="Dagiti distrito ti Hapon – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Dagiti distrito ti Hapon" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distrik_(Jepang)" title="Distrik (Jepang) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Distrik (Jepang)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distretti_del_Giappone" title="Distretti del Giappone – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Distretti del Giappone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonijos_apskritys" title="Japonijos apskritys – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Japonijos apskritys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daerah_di_Jepun" title="Daerah di Jepun – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Daerah di Jepun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Districten_van_Japan" title="Districten van Japan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Districten van Japan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%83%A1#日本の郡" title="郡 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="郡" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distritos_do_Jap%C3%A3o" title="Distritos do Japão – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Distritos do Japão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Уезды Японии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уезды Японии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Districts_of_Japan" title="Districts of Japan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Districts of Japan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distrik_di_Jepang" title="Distrik di Jepang – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Distrik di Jepang" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99" title="อำเภอของประเทศญี่ปุ่น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อำเภอของประเทศญี่ปุ่น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonya%27n%C4%B1n_il%C3%A7eleri" title="Japonya'nın ilçeleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Japonya'nın ilçeleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97" title="Повіти Японії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Повіти Японії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%DB%92_%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9" title="جاپان کے اضلاع – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جاپان کے اضلاع" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Administrative unit in Japan</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Japan_districts.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Japan_districts.png/220px-Japan_districts.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Japan_districts.png/330px-Japan_districts.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Japan_districts.png/440px-Japan_districts.png 2x" data-file-width="908" data-file-height="1025" /></a><figcaption>Modern districts of Japan. Cities (white areas) are not part of districts.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Government_Office_in_Higashi_Yamanashi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Government_Office_in_Higashi_Yamanashi.jpg/220px-Government_Office_in_Higashi_Yamanashi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Government_Office_in_Higashi_Yamanashi.jpg/330px-Government_Office_in_Higashi_Yamanashi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Government_Office_in_Higashi_Yamanashi.jpg/440px-Government_Office_in_Higashi_Yamanashi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Former district government office of <a href="/wiki/Higashiyamanashi_District,_Yamanashi" title="Higashiyamanashi District, Yamanashi">Higashiyamanashi, Yamanashi</a> (reconstruction at <a href="/wiki/Meiji-mura" title="Meiji-mura">Meiji-mura</a> museum)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kawabe_District_Assembly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Kawabe_District_Assembly.jpg/220px-Kawabe_District_Assembly.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Kawabe_District_Assembly.jpg/330px-Kawabe_District_Assembly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Kawabe_District_Assembly.jpg/440px-Kawabe_District_Assembly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="410" /></a><figcaption>District assembly of <a href="/wiki/Kawabe_District,_Akita" title="Kawabe District, Akita">Kawabe, Akita</a> in 1923. All assemblies would be abolished by 1926.</figcaption></figure> <p>In Japan, a <b>district</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">郡</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">gun</i></span>)</span> is composed of one or more rural municipalities (<a href="/wiki/Towns_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Towns of Japan">towns</a> or <a href="/wiki/Villages_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages of Japan">villages</a>) within a <a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Japan" title="Prefectures of Japan">prefecture</a>. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. <a href="/wiki/Cities_of_Japan" title="Cities of Japan">Cities</a> are not part of districts. </p><p>Historically, districts have at times functioned as an <a href="/wiki/Administrative_unit_in_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative unit in Japan">administrative unit</a>. From 1878<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 1921<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> district governments were roughly equivalent to a <a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">county</a> of the United States, ranking below <a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Japan" title="Prefectures of Japan">prefecture</a> and above <a href="/wiki/Towns_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Towns of Japan">town</a> or <a href="/wiki/Villages_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Villages of Japan">village</a>, on the same level as a <a href="/wiki/Cities_of_Japan" title="Cities of Japan">city</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Districts_of_Japan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The bureaucratic administration of Japan is divided into three basic levels: national, prefectural, and municipal. Below the national government there are 47 prefectures, six of which are further subdivided into subprefectures to better service large geographical areas or remote islands. The municipalities (cities, towns and villages) are the lowest level of government; the twenty most-populated cities outside Tokyo Metropolis are known as designated cities and are subdivided into wards. The district was initially called <i>kōri</i> and has ancient roots in Japan. Although the <i><a href="/wiki/Nihon_Shoki" title="Nihon Shoki">Nihon Shoki</a></i> says they were established during the <a href="/wiki/Taika_Reform" title="Taika Reform">Taika Reforms</a>, <i>kōri</i> was originally written <span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">評</span></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was not until the <a href="/wiki/Taih%C5%8D_Code" title="Taihō Code">Taihō Code</a> that <i>kōri</i> came to be written as <span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">郡</span></span></span> (imitating <a href="/wiki/Jun_(country_subdivision)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jun (country subdivision)">the Chinese division</a>). Under the Taihō Code, the administrative unit of province<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">国</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">kuni</i></span><span style="margin-left:.09em">)</span></span> was above district, and the village (<span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">里</span></span></span> or <span class="t_nihongo_kanji"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">郷</span></span></span> <i>sato</i>) was below. </p><p> As the power of the central government decayed (and in some periods revived) over the centuries, the provinces and districts, although never formally abolished and still connected to administrative positions handed out by the Imperial court (or whoever controlled it), largely lost their relevance as administrative units and were superseded by a hierarchy of feudal holdings. In the Edo period, the primary subdivisions were the shogunate cities, governed by urban administrators <i>(<a href="/wiki/Machi-bugy%C5%8D" title="Machi-bugyō">machi-bugyō</a>)</i>, the shogunate domain (<i><a href="/wiki/Tenry%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenryō">bakuryō</a></i>, usually meant to include the smaller holdings of Hatamoto, etc.), major holdings (<a href="/wiki/Han_system" title="Han system"><i>han</i>/domains</a>), and there was also a number of minor territories such as spiritual (shrine/temple) holdings; while the shogunate domain comprised vast, contiguous territories, domains consisted of generally only one castle and castle town, usually a compact territory in the surrounding area, but beyond that sometimes a string of disconnected exclaves and enclaves, in some cases distributed over several districts in several provinces. For this reason alone, they were impractical as geographical units, and in addition, Edo period feudalism was tied to the nominal income of a territory, not the territory itself, so the shogunate could and did redistribute territories between domains, their borders were generally subject to change, even if in some places holdings remained unchanged for centuries. Provinces and districts remained the most important geographical frame of reference throughout the middle and early modern ages up to the restoration and beyond – initially, the prefectures were created in direct succession to the shogunate era feudal divisions and their borders kept shifting through mergers, splits and territorial transfers until they reached largely their present state in the 1890s.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Japan_map_1869.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Japan_map_1869.png/220px-Japan_map_1869.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Japan_map_1869.png/330px-Japan_map_1869.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Japan_map_1869.png/440px-Japan_map_1869.png 2x" data-file-width="6195" data-file-height="5310" /></a><figcaption>Districts in 1869, before administrative functions were introduced in 1878. After cities were separated in 1889, districts gradually became smaller. (<a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Japan" title="Provinces of Japan">Provincial</a> borders in red.) </figcaption></figure><p>Cities <i>(-shi)</i>, since their introduction in 1889, have always belonged directly to prefectures and are independent from districts. Before 1878, districts had subdivided the whole country with only few exceptions (Edo/Tokyo as shogunate capital and some island groups). In 1878, the districts were reactivated as administrative units, but the major cities were separated from the districts. All prefectures (at that time only <i>-fu</i> and <i>-ken</i>) were – except for some remote islands – contiguously subdivided into [rural] districts/counties (<i>-gun</i>) and urban districts/cites (<i>-ku</i>), the precursors to the 1889 <i>shi</i>. Geographically, the rural districts were mainly based on the ancient districts, but in many places they were merged, split up or renamed, in some areas, prefectural borders went through ancient districts and the districts were reorganized to match; urban districts were completely separated from the rural districts, most of them covered one city at large, but the largest and most important cities, the Edo period "three capitals" Edo/Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka comprised several urban districts. (This refers only to the city areas which were not organized as a single administrative unit before 1889, not the prefectures Tokyo, Kyoto and Osaka which had initially been created in 1868 as successor to the shogunate city administrations, but were soon expanded to surrounding shogunate rural domain and feudal holdings and by 1878 also contained rural districts and in the case of Osaka, one other urban district/city from 1881.) </p><p>District administrations were set up in 1878, but district assemblies were only created in 1890 with the introduction of the district code <i>(gunsei)</i> as part of the Prussian-influenced local government reforms of 1888–90. From the 1890s, district governments were run by a collective executive council (<i>gun-sanjikai</i>, 郡参事会), headed by the appointed district chief (<i>gunchō</i>) and consisting of 3 additional members elected by the district assembly and one appointed by the prefectural governor – similar to cities (<i>shi-sanjikai</i>, headed by the mayor) and prefectures (<i>fu-/ken-sanjikai</i>, headed by the governor). </p><p>In 1921, <a href="/wiki/Hara_Takashi" title="Hara Takashi">Hara Takashi</a>, the first non-oligarchic prime minister (although actually from a Morioka domain samurai family himself, but in a career as commoner-politician in the House of Representatives), managed to get his long-sought abolition of the districts passed – unlike the municipal and prefectural assemblies which had been an early platform for the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_and_People%27s_Rights_Movement" title="Freedom and People's Rights Movement">Freedom and People's Rights Movement</a> before the Imperial Diet was established and became bases of party power, the district governments were considered to be a stronghold of anti-liberal <a href="/wiki/Yamagata_Aritomo" title="Yamagata Aritomo">Yamagata Aritomo</a>'s followers and the centralist-bureaucratic <a href="/wiki/Home_Ministry" title="Home Ministry">Home Ministry</a> tradition. The district assemblies and governments were abolished a few years later. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Districts_today">Districts today</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Districts_of_Japan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Districts today"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of today, towns and villages also belong directly to <a href="/wiki/Prefectures" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefectures">prefectures</a>; the districts no longer possess any administrations or assemblies since the 1920s, and therefore also no administrative authority – although there was a brief de facto reactivation of the districts during the Pacific War in the form of prefectural branch offices (called <i>chihō jimusho</i>, 地方事務所, "local offices/bureaus") which generally had one district in their jurisdiction. However, for geographical and statistical purposes, districts continue to be used and are updated for municipal mergers or status changes: if a town or village (countrywide: >15,000 in 1889, <1,000 today) is merged into or promoted to a [by definition: district-independent] city (countrywide: 39 in 1889, 791 in 2017),<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the territory is no longer counted as part of the district. In this way, many districts have become extinct, and many of those that still exist contain only a handful of or often only one remaining municipality as many of today's towns and villages are also much larger than in the Meiji era. The districts are used primarily in the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_addressing_system" title="Japanese addressing system">Japanese addressing system</a> and to identify the relevant geographical areas and collections of nearby towns and villages. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Confusing_cases_in_Hokkaidō"><span id="Confusing_cases_in_Hokkaid.C5.8D"></span>Confusing cases in Hokkaidō</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Districts_of_Japan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Confusing cases in Hokkaidō"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because district names had been unique within a single <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Japan" title="Provinces of Japan">province</a> and as of 2008 <a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Japan" title="Prefectures of Japan">prefecture</a> boundaries are roughly aligned to provincial boundaries, most district names are unique within their prefectures. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaidō">Hokkaidō Prefecture</a>, however, came much later to the <span title="Japanese-language text"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Ritsury%C5%8D" title="Ritsuryō">ritsuryō</a></i></span> provincial system, only a few years before the prefectural system was introduced, so its eleven <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Japan" title="Provinces of Japan">provinces</a> included several districts with the same names: </p> <ul><li>Three Kamikawa Districts and two Nakagawa Districts in the <a href="/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaidō">Hokkaidō Prefecture</a>. Each jurisdiction refers to its geographical position along the river from which the former province, and subsequent subprefecture, takes its name. "Kamikawa" means upper course of the river; "Nakagawa" means middle course. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_(Ishikari)_District,_Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamikawa (Ishikari) District, Hokkaidō">Kamikawa Dist.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ishikari_Province" title="Ishikari Province">Ishikari</a>), managed by the <a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_Subprefecture" title="Kamikawa Subprefecture">Kamikawa Subprefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_(Teshio)_District,_Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamikawa (Teshio) District, Hokkaidō">Kamikawa Dist.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Teshio_Province" title="Teshio Province">Teshio</a>), managed by the <a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_Subprefecture" title="Kamikawa Subprefecture">Kamikawa Subprefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_(Tokachi)_District,_Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamikawa (Tokachi) District, Hokkaidō">Kamikawa Dist.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tokachi_Province" title="Tokachi Province">Tokachi</a>), managed by the <a href="/wiki/Tokachi_Subprefecture" title="Tokachi Subprefecture">Tokachi Subprefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakagawa_(Teshio)_District,_Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Nakagawa (Teshio) District, Hokkaidō">Nakagawa Dist.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Teshio_Province" title="Teshio Province">Teshio</a>), managed by the <a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_Subprefecture" title="Kamikawa Subprefecture">Kamikawa Subprefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakagawa_(Tokachi)_District,_Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Nakagawa (Tokachi) District, Hokkaidō">Nakagawa Dist.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tokachi_Province" title="Tokachi Province">Tokachi</a>), managed by the <a href="/wiki/Tokachi_Subprefecture" title="Tokachi Subprefecture">Tokachi Subprefecture</a></li></ul></li> <li>Abuta District, Rumoi District, Sorachi District, and Yufutsu District are similar, but each of them is a single district allotted to two <a href="/wiki/Subprefectures_of_Japan" title="Subprefectures of Japan">subprefectures</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abuta_District,_Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Abuta District, Hokkaidō">Abuta District</a>, managed by <a href="/wiki/Iburi_Subprefecture" title="Iburi Subprefecture">Iburi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shiribeshi_Subprefecture" title="Shiribeshi Subprefecture">Shiribeshi Subprefectures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorachi_District,_Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorachi District, Hokkaidō">Sorachi District</a>, managed by <a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_Subprefecture" title="Kamikawa Subprefecture">Kamikawa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sorachi_Subprefecture" title="Sorachi Subprefecture">Sorachi Subprefectures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teshio_District,_Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Teshio District, Hokkaidō">Teshio District</a>, managed by <a href="/wiki/Rumoi_Subprefecture" title="Rumoi Subprefecture">Rumoi</a> and <a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dya_Subprefecture" title="Sōya Subprefecture">Sōya Subprefectures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABfutsu_District,_Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Yūfutsu District, Hokkaidō">Yūfutsu District</a>, managed by <a href="/wiki/Iburi_Subprefecture" title="Iburi Subprefecture">Iburi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kamikawa_Subprefecture" title="Kamikawa Subprefecture">Kamikawa Subprefectures</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Districts_of_Japan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dissolved_districts_in_Japan" title="List of dissolved districts in Japan">List of dissolved districts in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="郡 (disambiguation)">郡</a>, for divisions in other countries written with the same name</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Taiwan_(1895%E2%80%931945)#Shū_and_Chō_(1920–1945)" title="Political divisions of Taiwan (1895–1945)">Districts of Taiwan during 1920-1945</a> under Japanese rule</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Districts_of_Japan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hourei.ndl.go.jp/SearchSys/viewEnkaku.do?i=XYKEY1kBYnRZSZeTmxy0Uw%3d%3d">Entry for the <i>gun-ku-chō-son-hensei-hō</i>/"Law on the organization of ku (urban districts/cities&wards), gun (rural districts), chō (urban settlements/towns/neighbourhoods) and son (villages/rural settlements)"</a>, the 1878 law that reactivated the districts as administrative units, in the <a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" title="National Diet Library">National Diet Library</a> <i>Nihon hōrei sakuin</i>/"Index of Japanese laws and ordinances" (contains list of changes to the law, list of laws changed by it and links to full text in online archives)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The governing law, the district code (<i>gunsei</i>, 郡制; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hourei.ndl.go.jp/SearchSys/viewEnkaku.do?i=DxKAtvm4IdXvIXi3Whor6Q%3d%3d">Entry for the 1890 original</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hourei.ndl.go.jp/SearchSys/viewEnkaku.do?i=OiivKKtBrai%2fawstWCxXyg%3d%3d">entry for the revised 1899 <i>gunsei</i></a> in the <a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" title="National Diet Library">National Diet Library</a> <i>Nihon hōrei sakuin</i>/"Index of Japanese laws and ordinances"), was abolished in 1921, but the district assemblies (<i>gunkai</i>, 郡会) existed until 1923, the district chiefs (<i>gunchō</i>, 郡長) and district offices (<i>gun-yakusho</i>, 郡役所) until 1926.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statoids.com/yjp.html">Japan Counties</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMasashi_Kinoshita_木下_正史2003" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Masashi Kinoshita 木下正史 (2003). <i>Fujiwara-kyō 藤原京</i> (in Japanese). Chūō Kōronsha. p. 64.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fujiwara-ky%C5%8D+%E8%97%A4%E5%8E%9F%E4%BA%AC&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D+K%C5%8Dronsha&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Masashi+Kinoshita+%E6%9C%A8%E4%B8%8B+%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%B2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistricts+of+Japan" class="Z3988"></span> The discovery of thousands of <i><a href="/wiki/Mokkan" title="Mokkan">mokkan</a></i> wooden tablets in a buried moat around the ancient capital of <a href="/wiki/Fujiwara-ky%C5%8D" title="Fujiwara-kyō">Fujiwara-kyō</a> confirmed the theory that <i>kōri</i> had originally been written with the character 評, and not the character 郡 that appears in the <i>Nihon Shoki</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_and_Communications" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications">MIC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soumu.go.jp/gapei/gapei2.html">Change of the number of municipalities and characteristics of the Great Meiji and Shōwa mergers</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Japanese)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mayors.or.jp/"><i>Zenkoku shichōkai</i></a> ("Japan Association of City Mayors" [special ward mayors are also members, but not part of the name]; title bar contains current/recent number of cities and special wards)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Districts_of_Japan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Kurt Steiner (Stanford 1965): Local Government in Japan</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Districts_of_Japan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindawi.com/journals/usr/2011/692764/">"Japan's Evolving Nested Municipal Hierarchy: The Race for Local Power in the 2000s,"</a> by A.J. Jacobs at <i>Urban Studies Research,</i> Vol. 2011 (2011); <a href="//doi.org/10.1155/2011/692764" class="extiw" title="doi:10.1155/2011/692764">doi:10.1155/2011/692764</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/en/activity/01/05/">Historical Development of Japanese Local Governance</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130612230447/http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/en/activity/01/05/">Archived</a> 2013-06-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (bilingual Japanese/English series of papers by the Institute for Comparative Studies in Local Governance, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies): <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/activity/01/05/file/Seiritsu-1_en.pdf">Volume 1: Akio Kamiko, The Start of Modern Local Government (1868 – 1880)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210221192905/http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/activity/01/05/file/Seiritsu-1_en.pdf">Archived</a> 2021-02-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/activity/01/05/file/Seiritsu-2_en.pdf">Volume 2: Akio Kamiko, Implementation of the City Law and the Town and Village Law (1881 – 1908)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150610035549/http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/activity/01/05/file/Seiritsu-2_en.pdf">Archived</a> 2015-06-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/activity/01/05/file/Seiritsu-3_en.pdf">Volume 3: Hiroshi Ikawa, The Development of the Prewar Local Autonomy System (1909－1929)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190124203336/http://www3.grips.ac.jp/~coslog/activity/01/05/file/Seiritsu-3_en.pdf">Archived</a> 2019-01-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd>(Links are to the English versions; English translations of Japanese administrative units and government institutions often vary [even within this series], in this case, one can refer directly to the Japanese articles which are accessible from the main page)</dd></dl> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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countries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Articles_on_second-level_administrative_divisions_of_Asian_countries" title="Template talk:Articles on second-level administrative divisions of Asian countries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Articles_on_second-level_administrative_divisions_of_Asian_countries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Articles on second-level administrative divisions of Asian countries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Articles_on_second-level_administrative_divisions_of_Asian_countries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles on second-level <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">administrative divisions</a> of Asian countries</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Afghanistan" title="Districts of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Bangladesh" title="Districts of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li>Bhutan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gewogs_of_Bhutan" title="Gewogs of Bhutan">block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thromde" title="Thromde">municipality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukims_of_Brunei" title="Mukims of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cambodian_districts_and_sections" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Cambodian districts and sections">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_divisions_of_China" title="Prefecture-level divisions of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Egypt" title="Subdivisions of Egypt">Egypt</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Georgia_(country)" title="List of municipalities in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_divisions_in_India" title="List of divisions in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">Indonesia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Iran" title="Counties of Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Iraq" title="Districts of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Israel" title="Districts of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li>Japan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subprefectures_of_Japan" title="Subprefectures of Japan">subprefecture</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">district</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Jordan" title="Districts of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Kazakhstan" title="Districts of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_second-level_administrative_divisions_of_North_Korea" title="List of second-level administrative divisions of North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li>South Korea <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities of South Korea">city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_(administrative_division)" title="Gun (administrative division)">county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_(administrative_division)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gu (administrative division)">district</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Areas_of_Kuwait" title="Areas of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Districts of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Laos" title="Districts of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Lebanon" title="Districts of Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_Malaysia" title="List of districts in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Mongolia" title="Districts of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Myanmar" title="Districts of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Nepal" title="List of districts of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Oman" title="Provinces of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_Pakistan" title="Divisions of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_municipalities_in_the_Philippines" title="List of cities and municipalities in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zones_of_Qatar" title="Zones of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Districts_of_Russia_by_federal_subject" title="Category:Districts of Russia by federal subject">Russia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governorates_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of governorates of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Districts of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Syria" title="Districts of Syria">Syria</a></li> <li>Taiwan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Taiwan" title="Counties of Taiwan">county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_city_(Taiwan)" title="Provincial city (Taiwan)">provincial city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Tajikistan" title="Districts of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphoe">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdistricts_of_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Subdistricts of East Timor">Timor-Leste (East Timor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="List of districts in Turkey">Turkey</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Turkmenistan" title="Districts of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Uzbekistan" title="Districts of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Vietnam" title="List of districts of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Yemen" title="List of districts of Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0"><div><sup>1</sup>Country spanning more than one continent<div style="width:100%;background:#fafafa;height:2px;margin:2px 0;"></div><a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_by_country" title="List of administrative divisions by country">List of administrative divisions by country</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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