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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Gambaran_keseluruhan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gambaran_keseluruhan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Gambaran keseluruhan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gambaran_keseluruhan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peristiwa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peristiwa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Peristiwa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peristiwa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tokoh-tokoh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tokoh-tokoh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tokoh-tokoh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tokoh-tokoh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perekaan,_penemuan,_dan_pengenalan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perekaan,_penemuan,_dan_pengenalan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Perekaan, penemuan, dan pengenalan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perekaan,_penemuan,_dan_pengenalan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Abad ke-4 SM</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 92 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/4de_eeu_v.C." title="4de eeu v.C. – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="4de eeu v.C." data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_4_%D9%82_%D9%85" title="القرن 4 ق م – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="القرن 4 ق م" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieglo_IV_aC" title="Sieglo IV aC – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sieglo IV aC" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieglu_IV_e.C." title="Sieglu IV e.C. – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sieglu IV e.C." data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.%C9%99._IV_%C9%99sr" title="E.ə. IV əsr – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="E.ə. IV əsr" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ke-4_SM" title="Abad ke-4 SM – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Abad ke-4 SM" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ka-4_SM" title="Abad ka-4 SM – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Abad ka-4 SM" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD.%D1%8D." title="IV стагоддзе да н.э. – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="IV стагоддзе да н.э." data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._vijek_p._n._e." title="4. vijek p. n. e. – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="4. vijek p. n. e." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/IVe_kantved_kt_JK" title="IVe kantved kt JK – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="IVe kantved kt JK" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/4_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%80.%D0%BD.%D0%B5." title="4 век пр.н.е. – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="4 век пр.н.е." data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segle_IV_aC" title="Segle IV aC – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Segle IV aC" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F._%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%87._IV_%C4%95%D0%BC%C4%95%D1%80" title="П. эрч. IV ĕмĕр – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="П. эрч. IV ĕмĕр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._stolet%C3%AD_p%C5%99._n._l." title="4. století př. n. l. – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="4. století př. n. l." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/4edd_ganrif_CC" title="4edd ganrif CC – Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="4edd ganrif CC" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._%C3%A5rhundrede_f.Kr." title="4. århundrede f.Kr. – Denmark" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="4. århundrede f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Denmark" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._Jahrhundert_v._Chr." title="4. Jahrhundert v. Chr. – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="4. Jahrhundert v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._sajand_eKr" title="4. sajand eKr – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="4. sajand eKr" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/4%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82_%CF%80.%CE%A7." title="4ος αιώνας π.Χ. – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="4ος αιώνας π.Χ." data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_century_BC" title="4th century BC – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="4th century BC" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siglo_IV_a._C." title="Siglo IV a. C. – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Siglo IV a. C." data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-a_jarcento_a.K." title="4-a jarcento a.K. – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="4-a jarcento a.K." data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigru_IV_e.C." title="Sigru IV e.C. – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sigru IV e.C." data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K.a._IV._mendea" title="K.a. IV. mendea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="K.a. IV. mendea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AF%D9%87_%DB%B4_(%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF)" title="سده ۴ (پیش از میلاد) – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سده ۴ (پیش از میلاد)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._%C3%B8ld_f.Kr." title="4. øld f.Kr. – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="4. øld f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IVe_si%C3%A8cle_av._J.-C." title="IVe siècle av. J.-C. – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="IVe siècle av. J.-C." data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/4e_iuw_f.Kr." title="4e iuw f.Kr. – Frisian Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="4e iuw f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisian Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/4%C3%BA_haois_RC" title="4ú haois RC – Ireland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="4ú haois RC" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Ireland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/4mh_linn_RC" title="4mh linn RC – Scots Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="4mh linn RC" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scots Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_-IV" title="Século -IV – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Século -IV" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%84_4%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="기원전 4세기 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="기원전 4세기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84.%D5%A9.%D5%A1._4-%D6%80%D5%A4_%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Մ.թ.ա. 4-րդ դար – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մ.թ.ա. 4-րդ դար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._stolje%C4%87e_pr._Kr." title="4. stoljeće pr. Kr. – Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="4. stoljeće pr. Kr." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/4ma_yarcento_aK" title="4ma yarcento aK – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="4ma yarcento aK" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._%C3%B6ldin_f.Kr." title="4. öldin f.Kr. – Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="4. öldin f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_secolo_a.C." title="IV secolo a.C. – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="IV secolo a.C." data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%94-4_%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%94%22%D7%A1" title="המאה ה-4 לפנה"ס – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המאה ה-4 לפנה"ס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AB%E1%83%95._%E1%83%AC._IV_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="ძვ. წ. IV საუკუნე – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ძვ. წ. IV საუკუნე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karne_ya_4_KK" title="Karne ya 4 KK – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Karne ya 4 KK" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedsala_4an_b.z." title="Sedsala 4an b.z. – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sedsala 4an b.z." data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saeculum_4_a.C.n." title="Saeculum 4 a.C.n. – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Saeculum 4 a.C.n." data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._gadsimts_p.m.%C4%93." title="4. gadsimts p.m.ē. – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="4. gadsimts p.m.ē." data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._Joerhonnert_v._Chr." title="4. Joerhonnert v. Chr. – Luxembourg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="4. Joerhonnert v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_am%C5%BEius_pr._m._e." title="IV amžius pr. m. e. – Lithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="IV amžius pr. m. e." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_secolo_a.C." title="IV secolo a.C. – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="IV secolo a.C." data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentenio_4_aec" title="Sentenio 4 aec – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sentenio 4 aec" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._e._4._sz%C3%A1zad" title="I. e. 4. század – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="I. e. 4. század" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/4_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%BF.%D0%BD.%D0%B5." title="4 век п.н.е. – Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="4 век п.н.е." data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8.%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82.%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A5%AA_%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95" title="इ.स.पू.चे ४ थे शतक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स.पू.चे ४ थे शतक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%95._%E1%83%AC._IV_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ჯვ. წ. IV ოშწანურა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯვ. წ. IV ოშწანურა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_4_%D9%82_%D9%85" title="القرن 4 ق م – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="القرن 4 ق م" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/4e_eeuw_v.Chr." title="4e eeuw v.Chr. – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="4e eeuw v.Chr." data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/4e_eeuw_v._Chr." title="4e eeuw v. Chr. – Saxon Rendah" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="4e eeuw v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Saxon Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D4%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="紀元前4世紀 – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="紀元前4世紀" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_seculo_AC" title="IV seculo AC – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="IV seculo AC" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._juarhunert_f.Kr." title="4. juarhunert f.Kr. – Frisian Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="4. juarhunert f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisian Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._%C3%A5rhundre_f.Kr." title="4. århundre f.Kr. – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="4. århundre f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/300-talet_fvt." title="300-talet fvt. – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="300-talet fvt." data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_IV_abC" title="Sègle IV abC – Occitania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sègle IV abC" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mil._av._IV_asr" title="Mil. av. IV asr – Uzbekistan" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mil. av. IV asr" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbekistan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._Johrhunnert_v._Chr." title="4. Johrhunnert v. Chr. – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="4. Johrhunnert v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_wiek_p.n.e." title="IV wiek p.n.e. – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="IV wiek p.n.e." data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_IV_a.C." title="Século IV a.C. – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Século IV a.C." data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secolul_al_IV-lea_%C3%AE.Hr." title="Secolul al IV-lea î.Hr. – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Secolul al IV-lea î.Hr." data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/4_%C3%B1iqin_pachakwata_k%C3%B1" title="4 ñiqin pachakwata kñ – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="4 ñiqin pachakwata kñ" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV._%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%BD._%D0%B5." title="IV. стороча до н. е. – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="IV. стороча до н. е." data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%BD._%D1%8D." title="IV век до н. э. – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="IV век до н. э." data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91._%D1%8D._%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD._IV_%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%8D" title="Б. э. инн. IV үйэ – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Б. э. инн. IV үйэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shekulli_IV_p.e.s." title="Shekulli IV p.e.s. – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shekulli IV p.e.s." data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8culu_IV_a.C." title="Sèculu IV a.C. – Sicili" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sèculu IV a.C." data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_century_BC" title="4th century BC – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="4th century BC" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._storo%C4%8Die_pred_Kr." title="4. storočie pred Kr. – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="4. storočie pred Kr." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._stoletje_pr._n._%C5%A1t." title="4. stoletje pr. n. št. – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="4. stoletje pr. n. št." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%BF._%D0%BD._%D0%B5." title="4. век п. н. е. – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="4. век п. н. е." data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._vijek_pne." title="4. vijek pne. – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="4. vijek pne." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ka-4_SM" title="Abad ka-4 SM – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Abad ka-4 SM" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/300-luku_eaa." title="300-luku eaa. – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="300-luku eaa." data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/300-talet_f.Kr." title="300-talet f.Kr. – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="300-talet f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ika-4_na_dantaon_BC" title="Ika-4 na dantaon BC – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ika-4 na dantaon BC" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80_(%D0%B1._%D1%8D._%D0%BA.)" title="IV гасыр (б. э. к.) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="IV гасыр (б. э. к.)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_k%E1%BB%B7_4_TCN" title="Thế kỷ 4 TCN – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thế kỷ 4 TCN" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8_IV_%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Садаи IV то мелод – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Садаи IV то мелод" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%96_4._y%C3%BCzy%C4%B1l" title="MÖ 4. yüzyıl – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="MÖ 4. yüzyıl" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%BD._%D0%B5." title="IV століття до н. е. – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="IV століття до н. е." data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%8C_%D8%B5%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%82_%D9%85" title="چوتھی صدی ق م – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="چوتھی صدی ق م" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_seco%C5%82o_v.C." title="IV secoło v.C. – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="IV secoło v.C." data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ika-4_nga_gatostuig_UC" title="Ika-4 nga gatostuig UC – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ika-4 nga gatostuig UC" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%8D4%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="前4世纪 – Cina Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="前4世纪" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Cina Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%8D4%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="前4世紀 – Kantonis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="前4世紀" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_om%C5%BEios_pr._Kr." title="IV omžios pr. Kr. – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="IV omžios pr. Kr." data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%8D4%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="前4世纪 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="前4世纪" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25335#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > 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href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&action=history" title="Semakan terdahulu bagi laman ini [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Peralatan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lagi pilihan" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-4_SM"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&action=history"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Pautan_ke_sini/Abad_ke-4_SM" title="Senarai semua laman wiki yang mengandungi pautan ke laman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan ke laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_berkaitan/Abad_ke-4_SM" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terkini bagi laman yang dipaut dari laman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan berkaitan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms" title="Muat naik fail [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Muat naik fail</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Laman_khas" title="Senarai semua laman khas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Laman khas</span></a></li><li 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/eksport </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Abad+ke-4+SM"><span>Cipta buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:DownloadAsPdf&page=Abad_ke-4_SM&action=show-download-screen"><span>Muat turun sebagai PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&printable=yes" title="Versi boleh cetak bagi laman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi boleh cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam projek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:4th_century_BC" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25335" title="Pautan ke item repositori data yang bersambung [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#f0f0f0"> <th style="text-align:right;"><small>Milenium:</small> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Milenium_pertama_SM" title="Milenium pertama SM">milenium pertama <small>SM</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><small>Abad:</small> </th> <td class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-5_SM" title="Abad ke-5 SM">abad ke-5 <small>SM</small></a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">abad ke-4 <small>SM</small></a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-3_SM" title="Abad ke-3 SM">abad ke-3 <small>SM</small></a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f0f0"> <th style="text-align:right;"><small>Garis masa:</small> </th> <td class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-5_SM#Peristiwa" title="Abad ke-5 SM">abad ke-5 <small>SM</small></a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Peristiwa">abad ke-4 <small>SM</small></a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-3_SM#Peristiwa" title="Abad ke-3 SM">abad ke-3 <small>SM</small></a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f0f0"> <th style="text-align:right;"><small>Ketua negara:</small> </th> <td class="hlist"> <ul><li>abad ke-5 SM</li> <li><b>abad ke-4 SM</b></li> <li>abad ke-3 SM</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><small><a href="/wiki/Senarai_dekad" title="Senarai dekad">Dekad</a>:</small> </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5857753">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=39-an_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="39-an SM (laman tidak wujud)">39-an <small>SM</small></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=38-an_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="38-an SM (laman tidak wujud)">38-an <small>SM</small></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=37-an_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="37-an SM (laman tidak wujud)">37-an <small>SM</small></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=36-an_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="36-an SM (laman tidak wujud)">36-an <small>SM</small></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=35-an_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="35-an SM (laman tidak wujud)">35-an <small>SM</small></a></li></ul></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5857753"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=34-an_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="34-an SM (laman tidak wujud)">34-an <small>SM</small></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=33-an_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="33-an SM (laman tidak wujud)">33-an <small>SM</small></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=32-an_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="32-an SM (laman tidak wujud)">32-an <small>SM</small></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=31-an_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="31-an SM (laman tidak wujud)">31-an <small>SM</small></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=30-an_SM_(dekad)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="30-an SM (dekad) (laman tidak wujud)">30-an <small>SM</small></a></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f0f0"> <th style="text-align:right;"><small>Kategori:</small> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Kelahiran_pada_abad_ke-4_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Kelahiran pada abad ke-4 SM (laman tidak wujud)">Kelahiran</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Kematian_pada_abad_ke-4_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Kematian pada abad ke-4 SM (laman tidak wujud)">Kematian</a> <br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Penubuhan_pada_abad_ke-4_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Penubuhan pada abad ke-4 SM (laman tidak wujud)">Penubuhan</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Pembubaran_pada_abad_ke-4_SM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Pembubaran pada abad ke-4 SM (laman tidak wujud)">Pembubaran</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p><p><b>Abad ke-4 SM</b> merujuk kepada <a href="/wiki/Abad" title="Abad">abad</a> yang berlangsung dari <a href="/wiki/1_Januari" title="1 Januari">1 Januari</a> <a href="/wiki/400_SM" title="400 SM">400 SM</a> hingga <a href="/wiki/31_Disember" title="31 Disember">31 Disember</a> <a href="/wiki/301_SM" title="301 SM">301 SM</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Kalendar_Gregory" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalendar Gregory">kalendar Gregory</a>. </p><p><br /> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gambaran_keseluruhan">Gambaran keseluruhan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Gambaran keseluruhan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Gambaran keseluruhan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:AlexanderTheGreat_Bust.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/AlexanderTheGreat_Bust.jpg/220px-AlexanderTheGreat_Bust.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/AlexanderTheGreat_Bust.jpg/330px-AlexanderTheGreat_Bust.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/AlexanderTheGreat_Bust.jpg/440px-AlexanderTheGreat_Bust.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1062" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patung_(arca)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patung (arca) (laman tidak wujud)">Patung</a> Alexander Agung di <a href="/wiki/Muzium_British" title="Muzium British">Muzium British</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Abad ini menandakan kemuncak <a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">peradaban Yunani klasik</a> dalam segala aspeknya. Dengan penaklukan-penaklukan <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Agung" title="Alexander Agung">Alexander Agung</a> dan perang saudara jeneral-jeneralnya selepas kemangkatan beliau, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peradaban_Keyunanian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peradaban Keyunanian (laman tidak wujud)">zaman Keyunanian</a> bermula. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Peristiwa">Peristiwa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Peristiwa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Peristiwa"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Pertengahan abad ke-4 SM – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Priene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Priene (laman tidak wujud)">Priene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turki" title="Turki">Turki</a> barat dibina semula.</li> <li>Abad ke-4 SM – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pektoral&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pektoral (laman tidak wujud)">Pektoral</a>, dari kubur seorang penduduk <a href="/wiki/Scythia" title="Scythia">Scythia</a> di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordzhonikidze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordzhonikidze (laman tidak wujud)">Ordzhonikidze</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> dicipta, dan kini berada di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzium_Sejarah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzium Sejarah (laman tidak wujud)">Muzium Sejarah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a>.</li> <li>Akhir abad ke-4 SM – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diadem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diadem (laman tidak wujud)">Diadem</a> yang dikatakan didapati di dalam sebuah kubur yang berhampiran dengan <a href="/wiki/Hellespont" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellespont">Hellespont</a> kini berada di <a href="/wiki/Muzium_Seni_Metropolitan" title="Muzium Seni Metropolitan">Muzium Seni Metropolitan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York" title="New York">New York</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/383_SM" title="383 SM">383 SM</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis_Buddhisme_Kedua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majlis Buddhisme Kedua (laman tidak wujud)">Majlis Buddhisme Kedua</a> di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vesali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vesali (laman tidak wujud)">Vesali</a>, 100 tahun selepas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parimirvana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parimirvana (laman tidak wujud)">Parimirvana</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/323_SM" title="323 SM">323 SM</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Agung" title="Alexander Agung">Alexander Agung</a> menaklukkan <a href="/wiki/Empayar_Parsi" title="Empayar Parsi">Empayar Parsi</a>. Kemerosotan dan pengurangan penduduk <a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">Yunani</a>, dengan penghijrahan secara besar-besaran ke tanah-tanah taklukan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/312_SM" title="312 SM">312 SM</a> – <a href="/wiki/Seleucus_I_Nicator" class="mw-redirect" title="Seleucus I Nicator">Seleucus I Nicator</a> memantapkan kedudukannya di <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a>, dan mengasaskan <a href="/wiki/Empayar_Seleucid" class="mw-redirect" title="Empayar Seleucid">Empayar Seleucid</a>.</li> <li>Serangan <a href="/wiki/Celt" title="Celt">Celt</a> terhadap <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perang_Allia" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Allia">Perang Allia</a> dan penjarahan <a href="/wiki/Rom" title="Rom">Rom</a> yang kemudian oleh tentera <a href="/wiki/Gaul" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaul">Gaul</a>.</li> <li>Masyarakat <a href="/wiki/Scythia" title="Scythia">Scythia</a> mula diserap ke dalam masyarakat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarmatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarmatia (laman tidak wujud)">Sarmatia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rom_Kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Rom Kuno">Rom</a> menaklukkan kawasan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abruzzi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abruzzi (laman tidak wujud)">Abruzzi</a>. Kemerosotan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peradaban_Etruska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peradaban Etruska (laman tidak wujud)">peradaban Etruska</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tokoh-tokoh">Tokoh-tokoh</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Tokoh-tokoh" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Tokoh-tokoh"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Plato.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Plato.png/220px-Plato.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Plato.png 1.5x" data-file-width="224" data-file-height="319" /></a><figcaption>"<i>Penyifatan am yang paling selamat bagi tradisi falsafah Eropah adalah bahawa ia terdiri daripada satu siri nota kaki kepada Plato.</i>" (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_North_Whitehead&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred North Whitehead (laman tidak wujud)">Alfred North Whitehead</a>, <i>Proses dan Realiti</i>, 1929).</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Furius_Camillus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcus Furius Camillus (laman tidak wujud)">Marcus Furius Camillus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diktator_Rom" title="Diktator Rom">diktator Rom</a> (k.k. <a href="/wiki/446_SM" title="446 SM">446</a>–<a href="/wiki/365_SM" title="365 SM">365 SM</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>, ahli falsafah (k.k. <a href="/wiki/427_SM" title="427 SM">427</a>–<a href="/wiki/347_SM" title="347 SM">347 SM</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lelaki_Tollund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lelaki Tollund (laman tidak wujud)">Lelaki Tollund</a>, mangsa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengorbanan_manusia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengorbanan manusia (laman tidak wujud)">pengorbanan manusia</a> di <a href="/wiki/Semenanjung" title="Semenanjung">Semenanjung</a> <a href="/wiki/Jutland" title="Jutland">Jutland</a> di <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, merupakan bukti terawal yang diketahui tentang penyembahan <a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odin</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristotle" class="mw-redirect" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, ahli falsafah dan ahli sains (<a href="/wiki/384_SM" title="384 SM">384</a>–<a href="/wiki/322_SM" title="322 SM">322 SM</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_II_dari_Macedon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philip II dari Macedon (laman tidak wujud)">Philip II dari Macedon</a> (lahir <a href="/wiki/382_SM" title="382 SM">382</a>, memerintah antara <a href="/wiki/359_SM" title="359 SM">359</a>–<a href="/wiki/336_SM" title="336 SM">336 SM</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demosthenes" title="Demosthenes">Demosthenes</a> (384–322 SM), negarawan dan pemidato <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> yang terkenal yang menjadi penentang ganas kepada Philip II dan Alexander dari Macedon.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_III_dari_Parsi" title="Darius III dari Parsi">Darius III dari Parsi</a>, raja terakhir <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Achaemenid" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinasti Achaemenid">Dinasti Achaemenid</a> (lahir <a href="/wiki/380_SM" title="380 SM">380</a>, memerintah antara <a href="/wiki/336_SM" title="336 SM">359</a>–<a href="/wiki/330_SM" title="330 SM">330 SM</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mencius" class="mw-redirect" title="Mencius">Mencius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ahli_sejarah" title="Ahli sejarah">ahli sejarah</a> dan tokoh bijaksana <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">Cina</a> (<a href="/wiki/371_SM" title="371 SM">371</a>–<a href="/wiki/289_SM" title="289 SM">289 SM</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Zhu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Zhu (laman tidak wujud)">Yang Zhu</a> (juga dikenali sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Chu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Chu (laman tidak wujud)">Yang Chu</a>), <a href="/wiki/Ahli_falsafah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahli falsafah">ahli falsafah</a> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">Cina</a> yang dikenali kerana keakuan serta sebagai pesaing intelektual kepada Mencius.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_I_Soter" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemy I Soter">Ptolemy I Soter</a>, pengasas <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Ptolemy" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinasti Ptolemy">dinasti Ptolemy</a> (k.k. <a href="/wiki/367_SM" title="367 SM">367</a>–<a href="/wiki/283_SM" title="283 SM">283 SM</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shang_Yang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shang Yang (laman tidak wujud)">Shang Yang</a>, perdana menteri <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qin_(negeri)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qin (negeri) (laman tidak wujud)">Qin</a>, yang pembaharuannya membantu Qin menjadi sebuah negara yang paling kuat, dan yang kemudian menyatukan <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> (tempoh antara <a href="/wiki/361_SM" title="361 SM">361</a>–<a href="/wiki/338_SM" title="338 SM">338 SM</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucus_I_Nicator" class="mw-redirect" title="Seleucus I Nicator">Seleucus I Nicator</a>, pengasas <a href="/wiki/Empayar_Seleucid" class="mw-redirect" title="Empayar Seleucid">Empayar Seleucid</a> (k.k. <a href="/wiki/358_SM" title="358 SM">358</a>–<a href="/wiki/281_SM" title="281 SM">281 SM</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Agung" title="Alexander Agung">Alexander Agung</a>, raja <a href="/wiki/Macedon" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedon">Macedon</a>, yang menyerang <a href="/wiki/Asia_Minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Minor">Asia Minor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Parsi</a> dan tiba di <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> (lahir <a href="/w/index.php?title=356_BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="356 BC (laman tidak wujud)">356</a>, memerintah antara <a href="/wiki/336_SM" title="336 SM">336</a>–<a href="/wiki/323_SM" title="323 SM">323 SM</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brennus_(abad_ke-4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brennus (abad ke-4) (laman tidak wujud)">Brennus</a>, ketua suku kaum Gaul.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhuangzi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhuangzi (laman tidak wujud)">Zhuangzi</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arkon_Pella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arkon Pella (laman tidak wujud)">Arkon Pella</a>, satrap (iaitu gabenor provinsi) Babylonia.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perekaan,_penemuan,_dan_pengenalan"><span id="Perekaan.2C_penemuan.2C_dan_pengenalan"></span>Perekaan, penemuan, dan pengenalan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bahagian: Perekaan, penemuan, dan pengenalan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-4_SM&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Perekaan, penemuan, dan pengenalan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Skrip <a href="/wiki/Brahmi" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmi">Brahmi</a> yang tertua berasal dari zaman ini (<a href="/wiki/Brahmi" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmi">Brahmi</a> ialah leluhur skrip-skrip <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indik (laman tidak wujud)">Indik</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rom_Kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Rom Kuno">Rom</a> membina <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akueduk_(Rom)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akueduk (Rom) (laman tidak wujud)">akueduk</a> yang pertama.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_China" title="Sejarah China">Orang Cina</a> menggunakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kantung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kantung (laman tidak wujud)">kantung</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gastraphetes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gastraphetes (laman tidak wujud)">Gastraphetes</a>, busur silang pertama, direka di <a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="Syracuse, Sicily">Syracuse</a>.</li> <li>Bata bakar digunakan buat pertama kali di <a href="/wiki/Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Greece">Greece</a>.</li> <li>Keldai digunakan buat pertama kali untuk membekalkan kuasa kepada kilang di <a href="/wiki/Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Greece">Greece</a>.</li> <li>Tork dengan pangkalan-pangkalan kepala singa, dicipta di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Susa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susa (laman tidak wujud)">Susa</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Shush&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shush (laman tidak wujud)">Shush</a> moden, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>), dan kini berada di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musee_du_Louvre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musee du Louvre (laman tidak wujud)">Musee du Louvre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daric (laman tidak wujud)">Daric</a>, sekeping <a href="/w/index.php?title=Duit_syling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duit syling (laman tidak wujud)">duit syling</a> yang ditempah buat pertama kali di bawah <a href="/wiki/Darius_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Darius I">Darius I</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Parsi" title="Parsi">Parsi</a>, dikeluarkan dan contohnya boleh didapati di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilik_Syiling_Heberden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bilik Syiling Heberden (laman tidak wujud)">bilik Syiling Heberden</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzium_Ashmolean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzium Ashmolean (laman tidak wujud)">Muzium Ashmolean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>.</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <table cellpadding="6" align="center" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="font-size:7pt;"> <tbody><tr align="center" style="background: #fff5f5"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/400-an_SM" title="400-an SM">400-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/409_SM" title="409 SM">409 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/408_SM" title="408 SM">408 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/407_SM" title="407 SM">407 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/406_SM" title="406 SM">406 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/405_SM" title="405 SM">405 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/404_SM" title="404 SM">404 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/403_SM" title="403 SM">403 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/402_SM" title="402 SM">402 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/401_SM" title="401 SM">401 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/400_SM" title="400 SM">400 SM</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background: #ffeedd"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/390-an_SM" title="390-an SM">390-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/399_SM" title="399 SM">399 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/398_SM" title="398 SM">398 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/397_SM" title="397 SM">397 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/396_SM" title="396 SM">396 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/395_SM" title="395 SM">395 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/394_SM" title="394 SM">394 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/393_SM" title="393 SM">393 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/392_SM" title="392 SM">392 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/391_SM" title="391 SM">391 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/390_SM" title="390 SM">390 SM</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background: #ffeedd"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/380-an_SM" title="380-an SM">380-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/389_SM" title="389 SM">389 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/388_SM" title="388 SM">388 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/387_SM" title="387 SM">387 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/386_SM" title="386 SM">386 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/385_SM" title="385 SM">385 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/384_SM" title="384 SM">384 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/383_SM" title="383 SM">383 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/382_SM" title="382 SM">382 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/381_SM" title="381 SM">381 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/380_SM" title="380 SM">380 SM</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background: #ffeedd"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/370-an_SM" title="370-an SM">370-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/379_SM" title="379 SM">379 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/378_SM" title="378 SM">378 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/377_SM" title="377 SM">377 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/376_SM" title="376 SM">376 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/375_SM" title="375 SM">375 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/374_SM" title="374 SM">374 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/373_SM" title="373 SM">373 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/372_SM" title="372 SM">372 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/371_SM" title="371 SM">371 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/370_SM" title="370 SM">370 SM</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background: #ffeedd"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/360-an_SM" title="360-an SM">360-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/369_SM" title="369 SM">369 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/368_SM" title="368 SM">368 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/367_SM" title="367 SM">367 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/366_SM" title="366 SM">366 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/365_SM" title="365 SM">365 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/364_SM" title="364 SM">364 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/363_SM" title="363 SM">363 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/362_SM" title="362 SM">362 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/361_SM" title="361 SM">361 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/360_SM" title="360 SM">360 SM</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background: #ffeedd"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/350-an_SM" title="350-an SM">350-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/359_SM" title="359 SM">359 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/358_SM" title="358 SM">358 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/357_SM" title="357 SM">357 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/356_SM" title="356 SM">356 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/355_SM" title="355 SM">355 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/354_SM" title="354 SM">354 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/353_SM" title="353 SM">353 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/352_SM" title="352 SM">352 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/351_SM" title="351 SM">351 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/350_SM" title="350 SM">350 SM</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background: #ffeedd"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/340-an_SM" title="340-an SM">340-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/349_SM" title="349 SM">349 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/348_SM" title="348 SM">348 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/347_SM" title="347 SM">347 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/346_SM" title="346 SM">346 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/345_SM" title="345 SM">345 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/344_SM" title="344 SM">344 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/343_SM" title="343 SM">343 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/342_SM" title="342 SM">342 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/341_SM" title="341 SM">341 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/340_SM" title="340 SM">340 SM</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background: #ffeedd"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/330-an_SM" title="330-an SM">330-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/339_SM" title="339 SM">339 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/338_SM" title="338 SM">338 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/337_SM" title="337 SM">337 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/336_SM" title="336 SM">336 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/335_SM" title="335 SM">335 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/334_SM" title="334 SM">334 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/333_SM" title="333 SM">333 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/332_SM" title="332 SM">332 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/331_SM" title="331 SM">331 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/330_SM" title="330 SM">330 SM</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background: #ffeedd"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/320-an_SM" title="320-an SM">320-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/329_SM" title="329 SM">329 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/328_SM" title="328 SM">328 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/327_SM" title="327 SM">327 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/326_SM" title="326 SM">326 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/325_SM" title="325 SM">325 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/324_SM" title="324 SM">324 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/323_SM" title="323 SM">323 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/322_SM" title="322 SM">322 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/321_SM" title="321 SM">321 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/320_SM" title="320 SM">320 SM</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background: #ffeedd"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/310-an_SM" title="310-an SM">310-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/319_SM" title="319 SM">319 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/318_SM" title="318 SM">318 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/317_SM" title="317 SM">317 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/316_SM" title="316 SM">316 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/315_SM" title="315 SM">315 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/314_SM" title="314 SM">314 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/313_SM" title="313 SM">313 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/312_SM" title="312 SM">312 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/311_SM" title="311 SM">311 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/310_SM" title="310 SM">310 SM</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background: #ffeedd"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/300-an_SM" title="300-an SM">300-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/309_SM" title="309 SM">309 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/308_SM" title="308 SM">308 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/307_SM" title="307 SM">307 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/306_SM" title="306 SM">306 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/305_SM" title="305 SM">305 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/304_SM" title="304 SM">304 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/303_SM" title="303 SM">303 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/302_SM" title="302 SM">302 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/301_SM" title="301 SM">301 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #fff5f5"><a href="/wiki/300_SM" title="300 SM">300 SM</a> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="background: #fff5f5"> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><b><a href="/wiki/290-an_SM" title="290-an SM">290-an SM</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/299_SM" title="299 SM">299 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/298_SM" title="298 SM">298 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/297_SM" title="297 SM">297 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/296_SM" title="296 SM">296 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/295_SM" title="295 SM">295 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/294_SM" title="294 SM">294 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/293_SM" title="293 SM">293 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/292_SM" title="292 SM">292 SM</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/291_SM" title="291 SM">291 SM</a> </td> <td style="background: #fffff"><a href="/wiki/290_SM" title="290 SM">290 SM</a> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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