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vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sisukord</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">peida</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Algus</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Ajalugu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ajalugu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Ajalugu</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ajalugu-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa &quot;Ajalugu&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ajalugu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Korporatiivdisaini_programm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Korporatiivdisaini_programm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Korporatiivdisaini programm</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Korporatiivdisaini_programm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Projektid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Projektid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Projektid</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Projektid-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa &quot;Projektid&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Projektid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pooljuhtide_disain_ja_tootmine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pooljuhtide_disain_ja_tootmine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Pooljuhtide disain ja tootmine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pooljuhtide_disain_ja_tootmine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IBM_Redbooks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IBM_Redbooks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>IBM Redbooks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IBM_Redbooks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Siseprogrammid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Siseprogrammid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Siseprogrammid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Siseprogrammid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ettevõtte_kultuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ettevõtte_kultuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ettevõtte kultuur</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ettevõtte_kultuur-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa &quot;Ettevõtte kultuur&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ettevõtte_kultuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Müük" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Müük"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Müük</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Müük-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vormiriietus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vormiriietus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Vormiriietus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vormiriietus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inimressursid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inimressursid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Inimressursid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inimressursid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sisehaldus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sisehaldus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sisehaldus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sisehaldus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa &quot;Sisehaldus&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sisehaldus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Logod" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logod"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Logod</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Logod-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Juhatus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Juhatus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Juhatus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Juhatus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ettevõtte_peakorter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ettevõtte_peakorter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Ettevõtte peakorter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ettevõtte_peakorter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vaata_ka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaata_ka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vaata ka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaata_ka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Viited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Välislingid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Välislingid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Välislingid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Välislingid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisukord" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lülita sisukord ümber" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lülita sisukord ümber</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">IBM</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mine teises keeles artiklisse. Saadaval 102 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-102" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">102 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – afrikaani" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – šveitsisaksa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="šveitsisaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%85" title="آي بي إم – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آي بي إم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – astuuria" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astuuria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – aserbaidžaani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%85" title="آی‌بی‌ام – lõunaaserbaidžaani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آی‌بی‌ام" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="lõunaaserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AE" title="আইবিএম – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আইবিএম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – lõunamini" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="lõunamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – baškiiri" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškiiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – valgevene" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valgevene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – valgevene (taraškievitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="valgevene (taraškievitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – tšuvaši" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tšuvaši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – taani" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="taani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – kreeka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%85" title="آی‌بی‌ام – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آی‌بی‌ام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – iiri" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – galeegi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galeegi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – kikuju" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – armeenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE" title="आईबीएम – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आईबीएम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – horvaadi" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – islandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – jaava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jaava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%90%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D(%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0_%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81_%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B7%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D)" title="ಐಬಿಎಮ್(ಅಂತರರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರ ಯಂತ್ರಗಳು ಕಾರ್ಪೊರೇಷನ್) – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಐಬಿಎಮ್(ಅಂತರರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರ ಯಂತ್ರಗಳು ಕಾರ್ಪೊರೇಷನ್)" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – gruusia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Business_Machines" title="International Business Machines – kasahhi" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="International Business Machines" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasahhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – kirgiisi" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – suahiili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Business_Machines_Corporation" title="International Business Machines Corporation – ladina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="International Business Machines Corporation" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ladina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – letseburgi" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="letseburgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – leedu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="leedu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE" title="आइबिएम – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="आइबिएम" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%91%D0%9C" title="ИБМ – makedoonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="ИБМ" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedoonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%90.%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF.%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%82." title="ഐ.ബി.എം. – malajalami" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഐ.ബി.എം." data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF.%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80.%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE." title="आय.बी.एम. – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आय.बी.एम." data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%89_%D8%A8%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%85" title="آى بى ام – Egiptuse araabia" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="آى بى ام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egiptuse araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – mongoli" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE" title="आइबिएम – nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="आइबिएम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – uusnorra" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="uusnorra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – oksitaani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%87.%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF.%E0%AC%8F%E0%AC%AE." title="ଆଇ.ବି.ଏମ. – oria" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆଇ.ବି.ଏମ." data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – usbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%88.%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80.%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%AE" title="ਆਈ.ਬੀ.ਐਮ – pandžabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਈ.ਬੀ.ਐਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85" title="آئی بی ایم – lahnda" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آئی بی ایم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="lahnda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – piemonte" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemonte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – karakalpaki" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – rumeenia" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – ketšua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ketšua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – jakuudi" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakuudi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – šoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="šoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – albaania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – singali" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – lihtsustatud inglise" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="lihtsustatud inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – slovaki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8E%D9%85" title="ئای بی ئێم – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئای بی ئێم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – serbia-horvaadi" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbia-horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – tagalogi" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஐபிஎம் – tamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஐபிஎம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – tatari" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82" title="ఐబిఎం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఐబిఎం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A1" title="ไอบีเอ็ม – tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไอบีเอ็ม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – tadžiki" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – türgi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85" title="آئی بی ایم – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آئی بی ایم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – varai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – uu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="uu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99.%D7%91%D7%99.%D7%A2%D7%9D." title="איי.בי.עם. – jidiši" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="איי.בי.עם." data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM" title="IBM – hiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="IBM" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q37156#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muuda keelelinke" class="wbc-editpage">Muuda linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="Vaata sisulehekülge [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arutelu:IBM" rel="discussion" title="Arutelu selle lehekülje sisu kohta [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Arutelu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Muuda keelevarianti" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">eesti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="vaatamisi"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/IBM"><span>Vaata</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit" title="Muuda seda lehekülge [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Muuda</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit" title="Redigeeri selle lehekülje lähteteksti [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muuda lähteteksti</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=history" title="Selle 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class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/IBM"><span>Vaata</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit" title="Muuda seda lehekülge [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Muuda</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit" title="Redigeeri selle lehekülje lähteteksti [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muuda lähteteksti</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=history"><span>Näita ajalugu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Üldine </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Lingid_siia/IBM" title="Kõik viki leheküljed, mis siia viitavad [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lingid siia</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Seotud_muudatused/IBM" rel="nofollow" title="Viimased muudatused lehekülgedel, millele on siit viidatud [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Seotud muudatused</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Erilehek%C3%BCljed" title="Erilehekülgede loend [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Erileheküljed</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;oldid=6583622" title="Püsilink lehekülje sellele redaktsioonile"><span>Püsilink</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=info" title="Lisateave selle lehekülje kohta"><span>Lehekülje teave</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri:Sellele_lehek%C3%BCljele_viitamine&amp;page=IBM&amp;id=6583622&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Teave sellele leheküljele viitamise kohta"><span>Viita leheküljele</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fet.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIBM"><span>Hangi lühendatud URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fet.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIBM"><span>Laadi alla QR-kood</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Teistes projektides </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/IBM" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a 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td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}</style></div><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">International Business Machines</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:IBM_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/IBM_logo.svg/280px-IBM_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/IBM_logo.svg/420px-IBM_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/IBM_logo.svg/560px-IBM_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="401" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Asutatud</th><td> 16. juunil 1911</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>International Business Machines</b> ehk <b>IBM</b> (<a href="/wiki/New_Yorgi_b%C3%B6rs" title="New Yorgi börs">NYSE</a>:&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nyse.com/quote/XNYS:IBM">IBM</a>) on Ameerika päritolu rahvusvaheline arvutite, tehnoloogia, ärinõustamise ja infotehnoloogia konsultatsiooni ettevõte, mille peakorter asub Ameerika Ühendriikide <a href="/wiki/New_Yorgi_osariik" title="New Yorgi osariik">New Yorgi osariigis</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armonk&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Armonk (pole veel kirjutatud)">Armonkis</a>. </p><p>IBM on suuruselt maailma neljas tehnoloogiaettevõte ning IBM-i bränd on 2013. aasta seisuga väärtuselt neljas (Apple'i, Google'i ja Coca-Cola järel)<sup id="cite_ref-gjGBk_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gjGBk-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. IBM on üks vähestest IT-ettevõtetest, mis on järjepidevalt tegutsenud <a href="/wiki/19._sajand" title="19. sajand">19. sajandist</a> alates. IBM toodab ja müüb arvutite riist- ja tarkvara (keskendudes rohkem viimasele), pakub infrastruktuuri, andmemajutusteenust ja konsultatsioone (alates suurarvutitega seotust ning lõpetades nanotehnoloogiaga).<sup id="cite_ref-FyAKI_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FyAKI-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>IBM on hästi tuntud tänu tegevusele maailma suurima arvutifirma ja süsteemiintegraatorina.<sup id="cite_ref-GlQAk_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GlQAk-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> IBM annab tööd ligi 400 000 inimesele üle maailma ja on turu kapitalisatsiooni poolest suuruselt teine<sup id="cite_ref-z0Yhr_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-z0Yhr-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ja kasumlikkuse poolest teine<sup id="cite_ref-E3ORO_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E3ORO-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> infotehnoloogia ja teenuste tööandja maailmas. Forbes 2000 nimekirja järgi oli ettevõtte müügitulu üle 100 miljardi USA dollari. </p><p>IBM omab rohkem <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patente</a> kui ükski teine USA tehnoloogiaettevõte ning sellel on üheksa teaduslaborit üle kogu maailma.<sup id="cite_ref-patents_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-patents-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ettevõtte palgal on 200 riigis töötavad teadlased, insenerid, konsultandid ja müügispetsialistid.<sup id="cite_ref-t4LoN_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-t4LoN-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> IBM-i töötajad on saanud viis <a href="/wiki/Nobeli_auhind" title="Nobeli auhind">Nobeli auhinda</a>, neli <a href="/wiki/Turingi_auhind" title="Turingi auhind">Turingi auhinda</a>, üheksa rahvusvahelist tehnoloogiamedalit ja viis rahvusvahelist teadusmedalit.<sup id="cite_ref-CHIDJ_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CHIDJ-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> IBM kui integraallülituste tootja on kuulunud maailma 20 juhtiva pooljuhitootja hulka. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ajalugu">Ajalugu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Ajalugu&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Ajalugu&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ettevõte, millest hiljem sai IBM, asutati 1896 (toona oli nimeks Tabulating Machine Company).<sup id="cite_ref-gggyn_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gggyn-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Selle asutas Herman Hollerith Broome'i maakonnas New Yorgis. Tänapäevani teeb seal teatud töid väike harukontor. 16. juunil 1911 moodustati aktsiaselts Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation (CTR) ning ühtlasi siseneti New Yorgi aktsiaturule. Ettevõtte toonane juht oli George Winthrop Fairchild. 1917 sai CTR-i Kanada ja hiljem ka Lõuna-Ameerika tütarettevõtete nimeks International Business Machines ehk IBM. Kogu firma sai ühtse nime alla 1924, kui firma etteotsa asus Thomas J. Watson. </p><p>Alates novembrist 1910 eksisteeris Hollerithi frantsiisettevõte ka <a href="/wiki/Saksamaa" title="Saksamaa">Saksamaal</a>, kandes nime DEHOMAG (Deutsche Hollerith-Maschinen GmbH). 1922 võttis aga nimevahetuse läbi teinud CTR üle 90% DEHOMAG-ist, mis oli aastatel 1914–1923 Saksamaal valitsenud inflatsiooni tõttu sattunud võlglaste nimekirja (litsentsitasu maksmata jätmise pärast). 1949 muutus lõpuks ka DEHOMAGi nimi – selleks sai IBM Germany. </p><p>IBM-i ajaloos on oluline roll ettevõtete omandamisel ja <i>spin-off</i>-ettevõtete käivitamisel. Kõige tuntumate hulgas on näiteks <a href="/wiki/German_SAP" class="mw-redirect" title="German SAP">German SAP</a> asutamine 1972. aastal viie endise IBM-i inseneri poolt. Hiinlaste <a href="/wiki/Lenovo" title="Lenovo">Lenovo</a> saavutas maailmakuulsuse pärast IBM-i <a href="/wiki/ThinkPad" title="ThinkPad">ThinkPadi</a> brändi ülesostmist 2005. aastal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Korporatiivdisaini_programm">Korporatiivdisaini programm</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Korporatiivdisaini programm&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Korporatiivdisaini programm&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:IBM_Electronic_Data_Processing_Machine_-_GPN-2000-001881.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/IBM_Electronic_Data_Processing_Machine_-_GPN-2000-001881.jpg/220px-IBM_Electronic_Data_Processing_Machine_-_GPN-2000-001881.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/IBM_Electronic_Data_Processing_Machine_-_GPN-2000-001881.jpg/330px-IBM_Electronic_Data_Processing_Machine_-_GPN-2000-001881.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/IBM_Electronic_Data_Processing_Machine_-_GPN-2000-001881.jpg/440px-IBM_Electronic_Data_Processing_Machine_-_GPN-2000-001881.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2377" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_704&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM 704 (pole veel kirjutatud)">IBM 704</a> <a href="/wiki/Suurarvuti" title="Suurarvuti">suurarvuti</a> <a href="/wiki/NACA" title="NACA">NACAs</a> aastal <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>1950. aastate keskpaigaks oli Thomas J. Watson Jr. rabatud, kui halvasti IBM oma disainiga toime tuli. Ta palkas disainikonsultandi Eliot Noyesi, et ta vaataks üle ametliku CDP loomingu, ja andis Noyesile ülesande luua terviklik, maailmataseme väljanägemine ja õhkkond IBM-is. Järgmise kahe aastakümne jooksul palkas Noyes hulga mõjukaid arhitekte, disainereid ja kunstnikke, et disainida IBM-i tooteid, struktuuri, väljapanekuid ja graafikat.<sup id="cite_ref-05EHv_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-05EHv-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Projektid">Projektid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Projektid&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Projektid&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pooljuhtide_disain_ja_tootmine">Pooljuhtide disain ja tootmine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Pooljuhtide disain ja tootmine&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Pooljuhtide disain ja tootmine&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Broadwaycpu.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Broadwaycpu.JPG" decoding="async" width="195" height="195" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="195" /></a><figcaption>IBMi <a href="/wiki/Wii" title="Wii">Wii</a> Broadway mikroprotsessor</figcaption></figure> <p>Peaaegu kõik viimase põlvkonna mängukonsoolid kasutavad IBM-is välja töötatud mikroprotsessorit. <a href="/wiki/Xbox_360" title="Xbox 360">Xbox 360</a> sisaldab PowerPC kolmetuumalist <a href="/wiki/Protsessor" title="Protsessor">protsessorit</a>, mille IBM disainis ja tootis pea 24 kuud.<sup id="cite_ref-UEaFr_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UEaFr-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sony PlayStation 3 funktsioonide Cell BE <a href="/wiki/Mikroprotsessor" title="Mikroprotsessor">mikroprotsessor</a> töötati välja ühiselt IBM-i, <a href="/wiki/Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> koostöös. <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a> seitsmenda põlvkonna mängukonsool, <a href="/wiki/Wii" title="Wii">Wii</a>, omab IBM-i kiipi koodnimega Broadway. Vanem Nintendo <a href="/wiki/GameCube" class="mw-redirect" title="GameCube">GameCube</a> kasutab Gekko protsessorit, mille väljatöötaja oli samuti IBM. </p><p>Mais 2002 loodi IBM-i ja <a href="/wiki/Aktsiaselts" title="Aktsiaselts">aktsiaseltsi</a> Butterfly.net koostöös ühine andmetöötlusvõrgustik Butterfly Grid veebipõhiste mängude turustamiseks.<sup id="cite_ref-fcZZ1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fcZZ1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Märtsis 2006 kuulutas IBM välja erinõusoleku Hoplon Infotainmentiga, Online Game Service Incorporate'ga (OGSI) ja RenderRocketiga, et tagada suure nõudluse tõttu sisuhalduse ja serveri ressursse.<sup id="cite_ref-s3Mbu_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s3Mbu-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IBM_Redbooks">IBM Redbooks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;IBM Redbooks&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;IBM Redbooks&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/">Redbooks</a> Redbooks on avalik veebiraamatute IBM-i toodete kohta. Raamatutes kirjeldatakse toodete omadusi, jagatakse praktilisi kogemusi, käske ja keelde, jättes kõrvale müügisurve. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Siseprogrammid">Siseprogrammid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Siseprogrammid&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Siseprogrammid&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Extreme Blue on algatus, mis kasutab IBM-i kogenud insenere ja andekaid ärijuhte, et arendada kõrgväärtuslikku tehnoloogiat. Projekti eesmärk on analüüsida uute ettevõtete vajadusi ja tehnoloogiat, mis neid lahendavad. Need projektid seisnevad põhiliselt kiirete prototüüpide ehitamises, kõrgtaseme tarkvaras ja riistvaras.<sup id="cite_ref-e625v_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e625v-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mais 2007 tutvustas IBM projekti Big Green, mille eesmärk oli suunata 1 miljard dollarit kogu ettevõtte energiatõhususe suurendamiseks. </p><p>Novembris 2008 käis IBM tegevdirektor Sam Palmisano USA Välissuhete Nõukogu (CFR) kõne ajal välja uue idee ehitada "targem planeet".<sup id="cite_ref-q2k4t_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-q2k4t-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Lisaks on projektil oma <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asmarterplanet.com/">blogi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ettevõtte_kultuur"><span id="Ettev.C3.B5tte_kultuur"></span>Ettevõtte kultuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Ettevõtte kultuur&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Ettevõtte kultuur&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:IBM_System3_model_10_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/IBM_System3_model_10_%281%29.jpg/220px-IBM_System3_model_10_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/IBM_System3_model_10_%281%29.jpg/330px-IBM_System3_model_10_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/IBM_System3_model_10_%281%29.jpg/440px-IBM_System3_model_10_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3380" data-file-height="2310" /></a><figcaption>1970. aastate IBM System/3 sellele omase sinise riistvaraga</figcaption></figure> <p>IBM-i hüüdnimi on inglise keeles Big Blue ('suur sinine'). Ettevõtte nime päritolu on seletatud mitmeti. IBM-is töötanud inimesed on seda meelt, et IBM-i esindajad ise mõtlesid selle välja 1960. aastatel, viidates IBM-i sinistele suurarvutitele, mida ehitati 1960. ja 1970. aastatel. Inglise keeles True Blue ('tõeline sinine') oli nimetus, millega kirjeldati lojaalset IBM-i klienti. Teised väidavad, et ingliskeelne väljend Big Blue viitab lihtsalt firma logole. Kolmandad väidavad, et Big Blue viitab ettevõtte töötajate riietusele – valgele särfile ja sinisele ülikonnale, mida kästi paljudel IBM-i töötajatel kanda. Igal juhul IBM-i klaviatuurid, kirjutusmasinad ja mõned muud seadmed kannavad märksõna Big Blue, kuna Enter-klahv ja reavahetusklahv on vastavalt sinised. Alates 1947. aastast on ka IBM kasutanud siniseid logosid, mistõttu sinine värv on ettevõtte disainielement ja selgitab veelgi paremini nime Big Blue kasutust. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Müük"><span id="M.C3.BC.C3.BCk"></span>Müük</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Müük&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Müük&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>IBM-i on tihti kirjeldatud nii, nagu omaks ta müügikeskset või müügile orienteeritud ärikultuuri. Traditsiooniliselt on paljud IBM-i juhatajad ja peadirektorid valitud müügipersonali seast. Näiteks praegune tegevdirektor Samuel J. Palmisano oli alguses ettevõttes tööl müügimehena. Müügimehi on tihti värvatud otse kesk- ja tippjuhtkonda tegelema ettevõttele oluliste klientidega. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vormiriietus">Vormiriietus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Vormiriietus&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Vormiriietus&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tume või hall ülikond, valge särk ja siiras lips<sup id="cite_ref-Strategic_Marketing_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strategic_Marketing-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> oli IBM töötajate üldine vormiriietus 20. sajandil. 1990. aastatel IBM-i juhtkonna ümberkujundamise käigus leevendas tegevdirektor Louis V. Gerstner jun selliseid piiranguid, ühtlustades riietus- ja käitumistavasid, et IBM-i töötajad sarnaneksid teiste suurte tehnoloogiaettevõtete töötajatega. Sellest ajast on IBM töötajate riietus vabaaja-äri stiilis, kuigi tööandjad, kes peavad klientidega koosolekuid, kannavad tihti formaalsemat riietust. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inimressursid">Inimressursid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Inimressursid&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Inimressursid&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2010. aastal andis ettevõte tööd umbes 105 000 töötajale Ameerika Ühendriikides. 2003. aastal oli see arv vaid 30 000. Teiselt poolt annab ettevõte ka Indias tööd 75 000 töötajale, 2003. aastal oli seal 9000 töötajat.<sup id="cite_ref-SO0Cq_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SO0Cq-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sisehaldus">Sisehaldus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Sisehaldus&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Sisehaldus&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Logod">Logod</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Logod&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Logod&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Original_IBM_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo, mida kasutati 1924–1946, kujutas maakera, mis seostus sõnaga &quot;ülemaailmne&quot;[18]"><img alt="Logo, mida kasutati 1924–1946, kujutas maakera, mis seostus sõnaga &quot;ülemaailmne&quot;[18]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Original_IBM_Logo.png/120px-Original_IBM_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Original_IBM_Logo.png/180px-Original_IBM_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Original_IBM_Logo.png/240px-Original_IBM_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="575" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Logo, mida kasutati 1924–1946, kujutas maakera, mis seostus sõnaga "ülemaailmne"<sup id="cite_ref-EAuvW_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EAuvW-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Older_IBM_Logo_2.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo, mida kasutati 1947–1956. Harjumispärane &quot;maakera&quot; asendati lihtsate tähtedega &quot;IBM&quot;, mille kirjastiiliks oli &quot;Beton Bold.&quot;[19]"><img alt="Logo, mida kasutati 1947–1956. Harjumispärane &quot;maakera&quot; asendati lihtsate tähtedega &quot;IBM&quot;, mille kirjastiiliks oli &quot;Beton Bold.&quot;[19]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Older_IBM_Logo_2.png/120px-Older_IBM_Logo_2.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Older_IBM_Logo_2.png/180px-Older_IBM_Logo_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Older_IBM_Logo_2.png/240px-Older_IBM_Logo_2.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="277" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Logo, mida kasutati 1947–1956. Harjumispärane "maakera" asendati lihtsate tähtedega "IBM", mille kirjastiiliks oli "Beton Bold."<sup id="cite_ref-WX62u_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WX62u-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Old_IBM_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1956.–1972. aasta logo tähed olid IBM sõnul soliidsema, kindlama ja ühtlasema väljanägemisega.[20]"><img alt="1956.–1972. aasta logo tähed olid IBM sõnul soliidsema, kindlama ja ühtlasema väljanägemisega.[20]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Old_IBM_Logo.png/120px-Old_IBM_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Old_IBM_Logo.png/180px-Old_IBM_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Old_IBM_Logo.png/240px-Old_IBM_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="275" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1956.–1972. aasta logo tähed olid IBM sõnul soliidsema, kindlama ja ühtlasema väljanägemisega.<sup id="cite_ref-rhpnn_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhpnn-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:IBM_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Triibutatud logo võeti kasutusele 1967. aastal ja vahetati sellele eelnenud logo vastu 1972. Horisontaalsed triibud vihjasid kiirusele ja dünaamilisusele. Logo autor on graafikadisainer Paul Rand.[21][22]"><img alt="Triibutatud logo võeti kasutusele 1967. aastal ja vahetati sellele eelnenud logo vastu 1972. Horisontaalsed triibud vihjasid kiirusele ja dünaamilisusele. Logo autor on graafikadisainer Paul Rand.[21][22]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/IBM_logo.svg/120px-IBM_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/IBM_logo.svg/180px-IBM_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/IBM_logo.svg/240px-IBM_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="401" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Triibutatud logo võeti kasutusele 1967. aastal ja vahetati sellele eelnenud logo vastu 1972. Horisontaalsed triibud vihjasid kiirusele ja dünaamilisusele. Logo autor on graafikadisainer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Rand&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Rand (pole veel kirjutatud)">Paul Rand</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-0eX0W_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0eX0W-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GobrG_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GobrG-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <p>Enne 1970. aastaid kavandatud logode suured värvitud alad jäid trükkimisel selle aja paljundusmasinate tehnilise küündimatuse tõttu ebakvaliteetsed. Seetõttu hakkas ettevõte eelistama logosid, millel sellised alad puuduvad. 1972. aasta IBM-i logo on näide sellest tendentsist. 1980. aastate keskpaigast see tehniline piirang kadus, kuna hakati kasutama digitaalseid paljundusmasinaid. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Juhatus">Juhatus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Juhatus&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Juhatus&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="cleanup-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:#595959; border:1px solid #DDD;">IBM-i praegused juhatuse liikmed on:</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Mall:Kas" title="Mall:Kas"><span title="See väide vajab kontrollimist!">küsitav</span></a></i>&#93;</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipeedia:Viitamine" title="Vikipeedia:Viitamine"><span title="See väide vajab viidet.">viide?</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p> <ul><li>Alain J. P. Belda – ettevõtte Alcoa Inc. juhatuse esimees</li> <li>Cathie Black – ajakirja Hearst president, lahkus 15. novembril</li> <li>William R. Brody – Johns Hopkinsi ülikooli endine president</li> <li>Kenneth Chenault – American Express Company esimees ja tegevdirektor</li> <li>Michael L. Eskew – ettevõtte United Parcel Service, Inc. endine esimees ja tegevdirektor</li> <li>Shirley Ann Jackson – Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute president</li> <li>Andrew N. Liveris – Dow Chemical Corp tegevdirektor</li> <li>W. James McNerney, Jr – Boeing Company esimees, president ja tegevjuht</li> <li>Taizo Nishimuro – Tokyo Stock Exchange Group juhatuse esimees</li> <li>James W. Owens – ettevõtte Caterpillar Inc. esimees ja tegevdirektor</li> <li>Samul J. Palmisano – IBM-i esimees, president ja tegevdirektor</li> <li>Joan Spero – Doris Duke'i Heategevusfondi endine president</li> <li>Sidney Taurel – Eli Lilly and Company esimees</li> <li>Lorenzo Zambrano – Cemex SAB de CV esimees ja tegevdirektor</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ettevõtte_peakorter"><span id="Ettev.C3.B5tte_peakorter"></span>Ettevõtte peakorter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Ettevõtte peakorter&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Ettevõtte peakorter&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>IBM-i peakorterite kompleks asub <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armonk&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Armonk (pole veel kirjutatud)">Armonki</a> linnas <a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Castle&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="North Castle (pole veel kirjutatud)">North Castle</a>'is <a href="/wiki/New_Yorgi_osariik" title="New Yorgi osariik">New Yorgi osariigis</a> Ameerika Ühendriikides. Kolmekorruselise hoone pindala on 26 300 m² ja see asub 100 000 m² suurusel maa-alal.<sup id="cite_ref-g7y9S_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-g7y9S-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vaata_ka">Vaata ka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Vaata ka&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Vaata ka&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B6blingen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Böblingen (pole veel kirjutatud)">Böblingen</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viited">Viited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Viited&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Viited&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-gjGBk-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-gjGBk_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6066747">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100426060740/http://bwnt.businessweek.com/interactive%5Freports/best%5Fglobal%5Fbrands%5F2009/">"Business Week, Top Brands 2009"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bwnt.businessweek.com/interactive_reports/best_global_brands_2009/">Originaali</a> arhiivikoopia seisuga 26. aprill 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 14. detsembril 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Business+Week%2C+Top+Brands+2009&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbwnt.businessweek.com%2Finteractive_reports%2Fbest_global_brands_2009%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FyAKI-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FyAKI_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091227114934/http://domino.research.ibm.com/comm/research.nsf/pages/r.nanotech.html">"Nanotechnology &amp; Nanoscience"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://domino.research.ibm.com/comm/research.nsf/pages/r.nanotech.html">Originaali</a> arhiivikoopia seisuga 27. detsember 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 14. detsembril 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Nanotechnology+%26+Nanoscience&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdomino.research.ibm.com%2Fcomm%2Fresearch.nsf%2Fpages%2Fr.nanotech.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GlQAk-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-GlQAk_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CNET_Networks&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="CNET Networks (pole veel kirjutatud)">CNET Networks</a>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111014095514/http://news.cnet.com/8301-1001_3-10228455-92.html">IBM challenges partner Cisco</a>".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-z0Yhr-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-z0Yhr_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/18/global-09_The-Global-2000_MktVal.html">"The Global 2000: Sorted by Market Cap"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i>. 8. aprill 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Vaadatud 6. märts 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Forbes&amp;rft.atitle=The+Global+2000%3A+Sorted+by+Profit&amp;rft.date=2009-04-08&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Flists%2F2009%2F18%2Fglobal-09_The-Global-2000_Prof.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-patents-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-patents_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibm.com/news/us/en/2006/01/2006_01_10.html">"IBM maintains patent lead, moves to increase patent quality"</a>. 2. detsember 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=IBM+maintains+patent+lead%2C+moves+to+increase+patent+quality&amp;rft.date=2010-12-02&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibm.com%2Fnews%2Fus%2Fen%2F2006%2F01%2F2006_01_10.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-t4LoN-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-t4LoN_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.research.ibm.com/worldwide/">"Worldwide IBM Research Locations"</a>. IBM<span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 21.06.2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Worldwide+IBM+Research+Locations&amp;rft.pub=IBM&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.research.ibm.com%2Fworldwide%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CHIDJ-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CHIDJ_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.research.ibm.com/resources/awards.shtml">"Awards &amp; Achievements"</a>. IBM<span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 13.08.2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Awards+%26+Achievements&amp;rft.pub=IBM&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.research.ibm.com%2Fresources%2Fawards.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gggyn-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-gggyn_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Martin Campbell-Kelly and William Aspray, "Computer a History of the Information Machine – Second Edition", Westview Press, p. 37, 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-05EHv-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-05EHv_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite id="CITEREFJessie_Scanlon2007" class="citation web cs1">Jessie Scanlon (29. jaanuar 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/innovate/content/jan2007/id20070129_164109.htm">"The Forgotten Pioneer of Corporate Design"</a>. Business Week.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Forgotten+Pioneer+of+Corporate+Design&amp;rft.pub=Business+Week&amp;rft.date=2007-01-29&amp;rft.au=Jessie+Scanlon&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Finnovate%2Fcontent%2Fjan2007%2Fid20070129_164109.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UEaFr-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UEaFr_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibm.com/chips/news/2005/1025_xbox.html">"IBM delivers Power-based chip for Microsoft &#91;&#91;Xbox 360&#93;&#93; worldwide launch"</a>. IBM. 25. oktoober 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=IBM+delivers+Power-based+chip+for+Microsoft+Xbox+360+worldwide+launch&amp;rft.pub=IBM&amp;rft.date=2005-10-25&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibm.com%2Fchips%2Fnews%2F2005%2F1025_xbox.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Mall:Cite_web" title="Mall:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">erinev URL ja vikilink (<a href="/wiki/Juhend:Viitamismallide_vead#wikilink_in_url" title="Juhend:Viitamismallide vead">juhend</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fcZZ1-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-fcZZ1_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibm.com/industries/media/doc/content/news/pressrelease/359248111.html">"Butterfly and IBM introduce first video game industry computing grid"</a>. IBM. 9. mai 2002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Butterfly+and+IBM+introduce+first+video+game+industry+computing+grid&amp;rft.pub=IBM&amp;rft.date=2002-05-09&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibm.com%2Findustries%2Fmedia%2Fdoc%2Fcontent%2Fnews%2Fpressrelease%2F359248111.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-s3Mbu-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-s3Mbu_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibm.com/industries/media/doc/content/news/pressrelease/1551338111.html">"IBM joins forces with game companies around the world to accelerate innovation"</a>. IBM. 21. märts 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=IBM+joins+forces+with+game+companies+around+the+world+to+accelerate+innovation&amp;rft.pub=IBM&amp;rft.date=2006-03-21&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibm.com%2Findustries%2Fmedia%2Fdoc%2Fcontent%2Fnews%2Fpressrelease%2F1551338111.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-e625v-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-e625v_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-01.ibm.com/employment/us/extremeblue/">"Extreme Blue web page"</a>. 01.ibm.com. 7. september 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 23.05.2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Extreme+Blue+web+page&amp;rft.pub=01.ibm.com&amp;rft.date=2007-09-07&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-01.ibm.com%2Femployment%2Fus%2Fextremeblue%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-q2k4t-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-q2k4t_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asmarterplanet.com/blog/2008/11/building-a-smarter-planet.html">"Building a smarter planet"</a>. Asmarterplanet.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 23.05.2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Building+a+smarter+planet&amp;rft.pub=Asmarterplanet.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fasmarterplanet.com%2Fblog%2F2008%2F11%2Fbuilding-a-smarter-planet.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strategic_Marketing-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Strategic_Marketing_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1999" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Paul Russell (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=HYvbeQLf_gEC&amp;pg=PA24&amp;lpg=PA24&amp;dq=%22sincere+tie%22+ibm"><i>Strategic Marketing Communications: New Ways to Build and Integrate Communications</i></a>. Kogan Page. Lk&#160;24. <a href="/wiki/Rahvusvaheline_raamatu_standardnumber" title="Rahvusvaheline raamatu standardnumber">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Eri:Raamatuotsimine/0749429186" title="Eri:Raamatuotsimine/0749429186"><bdi>0749429186</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Strategic+Marketing+Communications%3A+New+Ways+to+Build+and+Integrate+Communications&amp;rft.pages=24&amp;rft.pub=Kogan+Page&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.isbn=0749429186&amp;rft.aulast=Smith&amp;rft.aufirst=Paul+Russell&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DHYvbeQLf_gEC%26pg%3DPA24%26lpg%3DPA24%26dq%3D%2522sincere%2Btie%2522%2Bibm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SO0Cq-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-SO0Cq_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite id="CITEREFChrystia_Freeland2010" class="citation web cs1">Chrystia Freeland (22. oktoober 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111026190658/http://blogs.reuters.com/chrystia-freeland/2010/10/22/the-mumbai-consensus/">"The Mumbai consensus"</a>. Reuters – Analysis &amp; Opinion. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.reuters.com/chrystia-freeland/2010/10/22/the-mumbai-consensus/">Originaali</a> arhiivikoopia seisuga 26. oktoober 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 14. detsembril 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Mumbai+consensus&amp;rft.pub=Reuters+%E2%80%93+Analysis+%26+Opinion&amp;rft.date=2010-10-22&amp;rft.au=Chrystia+Freeland&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.reuters.com%2Fchrystia-freeland%2F2010%2F10%2F22%2Fthe-mumbai-consensus%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AIBM" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EAuvW-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EAuvW_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/logo/logo_5.html">IBM Archives: International Business Machines (1924–1946)</a>." Retrieved January 16, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WX62u-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-WX62u_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/logo/logo_6.html">IBM Archives: IBM in transition (1947–1956)</a>." Retrieved January 16, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rhpnn-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-rhpnn_20-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/logo/logo_7.html">IBM Archives: IBM continuity (1956–1972)</a>." Retrieved January 16, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-0eX0W-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-0eX0W_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/logo/logo_8.html">IBM Archives: IBM international recognition (1972– )</a>." Retrieved January 16, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GobrG-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-GobrG_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldsbestlogos.blogspot.com/2007/08/ibm-logo-history.html">IBM Logo History</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-g7y9S-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-g7y9S_23-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110704104143/http://204.94.126.60/projects/ibm-armonk.html">IBM Corporate headquarters</a>." The Whiting-Turner Contracting Company. Retrieved on October 21, 2009.</span> </li> </ol></div> <p><span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="et" dir="ltr">Viitamistõrge: <code>&lt;references&gt;</code>-siltide vahel olevat <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code>-silti nimega "UFgJM" ei kasutata eelnevas tekstis.</span><br /> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="et" dir="ltr">Viitamistõrge: <code>&lt;references&gt;</code>-siltide vahel olevat <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code>-silti nimega "Kb2v5" ei kasutata eelnevas tekstis.</span><br /> </p> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="et" dir="ltr">Viitamistõrge: <code>&lt;references&gt;</code>-siltide vahel olevat <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code>-silti nimega "zrknd" ei kasutata eelnevas tekstis.</span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Välislingid"><span id="V.C3.A4lislingid"></span>Välislingid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Välislingid&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Välislingid&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibm.com/">IBM koduleht</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ibm-to-acquire-red-hat-completely-changing-the-cloud-landscape-and-becoming-worlds-1-hybrid-cloud-provider-300739142.html">IBM To Acquire Red Hat</a>, prnewswire.com, 28. oktoober 2018 <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redhat.com/en/about/press-releases/ibm-acquire-red-hat-completely-changing-cloud-landscape-and-becoming-world%E2%80%99s-1-hybrid-cloud-provider?">IBM TO ACQUIRE RED HAT</a>, redhat.com, 28. oktoober 2018</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsroom.ibm.com/2018-10-28-IBM-To-Acquire-Red-Hat-Completely-Changing-The-Cloud-Landscape-And-Becoming-Worlds-1-Hybrid-Cloud-Provider">IBM To Acquire Red Hat</a>, ibm.com, 28. oktoober 2018</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5502657">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:2px;background-color:#fdfdfd;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{font-weight:bold;background-color:#ccccff}.mw-parser-output .mw-collapsed .navbox-titleimage{display:none}.mw-parser-output .navbox-titleimage{margin:0;padding:2px;float:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-content .hlist{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox a{white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="navbox-titleimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></div> <div class="navbox-title"><div style="margin:0 4em;"><a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones" title="Dow Jones">Dow Jonesi tööstuskeskmise</a> indeksisse kuuluvad ettevõtted</div></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <p><a href="/wiki/3M" title="3M">3M</a>&#160;&#124; <a href="/wiki/American_Express" title="American Express">American Express</a>&#160;&#124; <a href="/wiki/AT%26T" title="AT&amp;T">AT&amp;T</a>&#160;&#124; <a href="/wiki/Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a>&#160;&#124; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Caterpillar Inc. 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