CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9133cbeb680f37b5',cH: 'kbMoeDczWMV0bjDcEOMdMqw0WkfxJz4FuM.160hBjWI-1739774537-1.2.1.1-wND02QwZBS_rFCVBdcF_tVyJy7w87K38.mzanVpOBKQ5YbxDBsA0AQVsSYjJcNO.',cUPMDTk: "\/4576\/endnote?__cf_chl_tk=G5v9WamumZskF3vaLGZG7ZNXOl.PZz25435hu9Olt50-1739774537-1.0.1.1-afwzHogn.HF5rePUEpd_tji0EcOJLRtCg2myzqsayso",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739774537',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/4576\/endnote?__cf_chl_f_tk=G5v9WamumZskF3vaLGZG7ZNXOl.PZz25435hu9Olt50-1739774537-1.0.1.1-afwzHogn.HF5rePUEpd_tji0EcOJLRtCg2myzqsayso",md: "z9GKI7yIbz64j9Y0O_.kNZkNbD.kKkoJOTh69Py1r6w-1739774537-1.2.1.1-_pBvcoZ0qLqnNu5zVqGG9mjvlsxMF5.YoPkRBylBy5wA70ABUCtV3KY_Jl8L0fQojTIn7Ep0465_modRS9fPztY6BSAO6SzTtzL6YixtAUD3.dVd6V.6JeggfUJiuKNKM844tQ1scNnDnIk5HAzSuuZvQ0Kji4l1QepROm_9tML4Wse_Utj.yxcAKHoGOBqPI.gmX9IlW6bODUuOQI49wBNOKYyfSVjVyB2YR.XgneYSldJueuzluCisJ8qYHvc9pP3iwWzj3aQMxDiAYAP6rvVe3IWliPSRFxY0k7CAY4_kzrM0kPwKxdvn.n.gUqSn_AmPc6aggjG5RyqW9wXbQ.sc6vxKzHAugGAYypvpvQhRNYSTJ_WuRtwq6VuE3Gk1m61SJN8EjuBziwPk3KRYHJgpg2ZXqYY1yRzkr64qCbrn.rjH67Qk2iCdz88qw8F1xOuuHajqoEVqdRvd4o.DRP3mxIY7GRucbpEZGr00Bzh8wxMBKKz07zkV9GnfCa8XHdAMWpjtA15WL9wS9m_caB50PZEK_bgQ9SWvHVBqtbiueutL_n_fJ2BSEuVWW0C8b5WsuBwXtWGoGD.m6fr8apJC3d7DPUqYW2RLCks_pXsokr4v6A7k5U34HYBzeRuLpnCSjLXadDNu3v_UEqesoOvtthaa2YGtf1DnBAZl_T0pCfKt6o4V7hBJnukzgSm_aX_Q3FR6u8Z3aOejkhtnRiwrn8hry2ZYXrfnQr5GJplvFE2CjxXnkRRq_V1sCn6wFeG7fuDPV.AlsIaKlISGzLwErrI.Twtm.Wb01mlPyhFUcNntlHiY2G0ZnvV.yN.6qpTV93V3zzEmRPwyy13zVRy.6.9O24hHtiIdqB0dhl1m2qbmYNr57L_kIcc6DvPiHqliLAf62qnGsl8S0vVSZFgij51JSGIt0tvdF8WiKSIKmpbYVFt73y1IsgRB3DR.YAM9q9wYOmwmetMoWARgqz1vBw5.mJ6sPKbWy6LrnpF2Y9VsHXh_1zIjWN1hAewx5.AZj9hKOEj_eB0cLKmUZ34GNLil4kfW0L7VxakCc8KiyK207oc7KZ0Sdp0FuQh9puKxQK8UmVVDtmeR6IF36VID81O9VdEOcpPsubXZgZGvA0Z8Pfq0ulcpjEWqDAkwme0HVGJ_jO4AX6RWTgN5gieanh4ziVrQSldBIlXPnXsXjF8r7xwEFNjMhozOQAYtDocFmLnnE27kDeKyeqz1_XQgpPkxvrLRgL6dJ5qHEutYR5XpnS1yXYsogLzEQQIXOyfw8Dxb0fNeQIhBafToGHk8PHgpVD.KAj290CEgfZ4knPBh049lpTMX0VQ3JoQQztVXHnS8seEQKfx_o0yZkrwziR0Nnw.ux8JZ.9FsXlgnEPV5JJDABjht1p0U_082gbTgpSUeqaLDZvLGpmiHxWf9FwydTehwXupLYIS0PhWHgVIyvOrrbzddAcR_3DDLrMWsU7J0ygJi_HcRUtwEnflX6ZrUi0lC_Ta71SpN9cue6SbQviRO7pUvvQTuUQCO7wRrHXTXRjUxC0uTRdWKOzJqAfzAryQPd1WsFQj3kmAHmyEtxwGEv5N.0ECZZes3BiU1z_PBykyEAhykUX2GfF0Rwkgy8Kw8SZrDLqK64PdO6tRmGIYOg_285v8yA_VAq771JwHBbo92GXN92nMOApJeDKKK1H3wBMpACXY3CdxeQILXpzgYtwKlNTeoR9fHGhw79hlujHjh5myOfn2Iuxq9VPQXXiDntC3TTC5xaNyOqKpBXRgLd8ETLx4QV1isfJ15ka4LzpkcDPiw_u_9b0exMoJ01zHAdYoMFvNix0bs9xCf8MX3A2e6FBqSyRnXOKvy5HhjSd5l6NbWOH.kQwwOyIQXpCEqN4MkWdj_JRk",mdrd: "anfWaIjMKFzRRnBrT9dxqF0kncAyItBu7zdy1sRFpK8-1739774537-1.2.1.1-Q_QYQcmFhXShfU_TF8oz4UQ4zvX0sZM.p3DJLPADx6HQSzgshu.Mh.dyBbmzbqu5ZTEUmFQQG9WGUsSOq90Vo2uEQRK095lvsNhbiCjDoR0ngh9ufiv2JkfzpFnNMJDJ4RiMtIsQv1NX1GYApy.h1pJY4Jt2N94lUugCw_2585pcZHaEOHuNRYxD44xrhjGSNCn4hx5w4tTLhfpWAER_.mgIF0iNVb0orT_Bfg7D_jg1VB35twbDcFM7KZArtFEjwmQnF3svg5BKn2jaBkIwajRQkLaP9xWFdmVWQOs9s6Li_04k86bgrUP1Dw31zwb_v2fWwUU.HH63HPvCe1idJW9SjR518EOFc.ShKA69MEUk1IdeMqor4j7zEcClTu9rDFKDUsSZRT2NoK8u_Uhh0F_00HRH304t8zi_UpIY3UKwUd4Q82vH2318.Ax5mqPX0AnYlmUsI.JeVDdRGjDEm6Ifk7sHObFQyHe8qZPVnSTdnHhsY9GuskVRQ40j5QuK_akUwH5wgpG.0kzjE2JSBqH_4Jn6PKgCUwp.dcCmsh0DjATr8RIxqnTTfT7ZcuCYpBbw1n5bStRoh3T1sFewHvqBqaI1jt.XkXYxznBCyj.Wn5dp1CCR1XHeD85XEKmLgHmkEfgKffSetUCH3b0iFBnJV36Dr.NBalknMZvnnWVehuBHcB95nVzJUCQRqDs0rgAEo3rGCwKywfuWdeWZ_SmO9gzNS1jcINqTLTAfRMzyCh.EaDLeZkJCq8oacf18fJjTuMhlQmp7WEW8MfkYuZcjVw1HQ0uxxKUrRzBeDqt6pIWg6gNZmYCXiJflWBUluC427BcDQRHaOE2mAcsp5GVaVgQQPDzHMnzNSnnnZl0.9LkLHI95IcOM_MRnGWcsP8dewC4jPOSicNl0dNmldzI3b8.a1lAFP5X1IxC9movlwpDrtMCkSXvBNjhOCORQawttMrjzGOsEYUMqH2YsSbIlz6uUmmO3vO49fzcaprgi.blbpfLuQBsyK.2Ls1xeF75etxIJZFuVWnhzo6szj0AVglLuzcj6VRKnIC3GiiDAJnTWFCB6WjRn2Q4BrQktc5NjtJlHp9xH1ALp0N4cMsQCX9JuoYDJjD_OfZxViRcnoXburajbPdXZciquU0dnXnQRC2.zTVdVl_RkVHH6U2BHsOhdvTBHuKGcshi4dOzY_8cSt8jhp2zMm8GMNW4QMLt3jZjF0huHjRjVUVSi5Jr.JJUfWYwxwIjogCGqNGn0N1FKTW29_EPgn0eXJmdhF2eIKxYFCipKe0KkRrve1ZmfCkseLJEv6SOJjKeda48x15l4EsBUirnqKVWS7ySNYPdmOckRbk0jmkclXmx6.oYonT_zE9ekeZMlDFX3YmmLMJdQ.Hh2Lrt7BFEGNpLai9lnQy.UXZ7TMdS9Ql9Bndqjja_ydbkQ9L0Mv.ktLO_r6_mKHAm6Ql4osrcj14OG5hUZHKruR8psoyjDuSWxQP8y.Q0hgd1hQJEi5zcVk.5IhBY50CQP2ZTaJneTo2JHV.ihRCsg.61txek0x6qlqyWl0NcypGAa7kFldUCn8UoPBJkK7UKD_jTB6Rev9ADsqcgJSKmLwA7HH23r9gBH7wrZeEZ_cutLDFaQc_1tyNb2NpxvhirD1TSDM9v7ducPnn3xuPwNqlyEkKQvvy5.vnx2pnyUskCGhmZC42.7xuoXIkunVioOP_wFEp5dPPqNTxVXtNc9dObRqx2MU4t7mWt0wLh9Hg6AS_9_.9wzWXZaLvM5.kC_9K9vwaJ2jdM_xPuF8BwFjqdwgn3J_uiXMJIF9JhTdf88wxXpMjDCYbv_hP.ZSX2E1kNLL72fpCEBFnfgeamrquGwGN9okgciiC8.Ut56e7IiEKxSuQIlEDGlO_O5tjwhODDoGC3CW3TE72ohnmCyZe6.BAkkFH2U0jkMFwU5Q25yg8K_CTl59Rhp.Km6coZzI.g0gAaG0KGY"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9133cbeb680f37b5';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/4576\/endnote?__cf_chl_rt_tk=G5v9WamumZskF3vaLGZG7ZNXOl.PZz25435hu9Olt50-1739774537-1.0.1.1-afwzHogn.HF5rePUEpd_tji0EcOJLRtCg2myzqsayso" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>