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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>1 Samuel 22:2 And all who were distressed or indebted or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/1_samuel/22-2.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/16/09_1Sa_22_02.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="1 Samuel 22:2 - David Flees to Adullam and Mizpeh" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="And all who were distressed or indebted or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/1_samuel/22-2.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/1_samuel/22-2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/1_samuel/">1 Samuel</a> > <a href="/1_samuel/22.htm">Chapter 22</a> > Verse 2</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad2.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/1_samuel/22-1.htm" title="1 Samuel 22:1">◄</a> 1 Samuel 22:2 <a href="/1_samuel/22-3.htm" title="1 Samuel 22:3">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/1_samuel/22.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/1_samuel/22.htm">New International Version</a> All those who were in distress or in debt or discontented gathered around him, and he became their commander. About four hundred men were with him. <a href="/nlt/1_samuel/22.htm">New Living Translation</a> Then others began coming—men who were in trouble or in debt or who were just discontented—until David was the captain of about 400 men. <a href="/esv/1_samuel/22.htm">English Standard Version</a> And everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was bitter in soul, gathered to him. And he became commander over them. And there were with him about four hundred men. <a href="/bsb/1_samuel/22.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> And all who were distressed or indebted or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him. <a href="/kjv/1_samuel/22.htm">King James Bible</a> And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. <a href="/nkjv/1_samuel/22.htm">New King James Version</a> And everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him. So he became captain over them. And there were about four hundred men with him. <a href="/nasb_/1_samuel/22.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> Then everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him; and he became captain over them. Now there were about four hundred men with him. <a href="/nasb/1_samuel/22.htm">NASB 1995</a> Everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him; and he became captain over them. Now there were about four hundred men with him. <a href="/nasb77/1_samuel/22.htm">NASB 1977 </a> And everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented, gathered to him; and he became captain over them. Now there were about four hundred men with him. <a href="/lsb/1_samuel/22.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Then everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was bitter of soul, gathered to him; and he became a commander over them. Now there were about four hundred men with him. <a href="/amp/1_samuel/22.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Everyone who was suffering hardship, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him; and he became captain over them. There were about four hundred men with him. <a href="/csb/1_samuel/22.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> In addition, every man who was desperate, in debt, or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him. <a href="/hcsb/1_samuel/22.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> In addition, every man who was desperate, in debt, or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About 400 men were with him. <a href="/asv/1_samuel/22.htm">American Standard Version</a> And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. <a href="/cev/1_samuel/22.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> A lot of other people joined him too. Some were in trouble, others were angry or in debt, and David was soon the leader of 400 men. <a href="/erv/1_samuel/22.htm">English Revised Version</a> And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. <a href="/gwt/1_samuel/22.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> Then everyone who was in trouble, in debt, or bitter about life joined him, and he became their commander. There were about four hundred men with him. <a href="/gnt/1_samuel/22.htm">Good News Translation</a> People who were oppressed or in debt or dissatisfied went to him, about four hundred men in all, and he became their leader. <a href="/isv/1_samuel/22.htm">International Standard Version</a> Everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was malcontent gathered around him, and he became their leader. There were about 400 men with him. <a href="/msb/1_samuel/22.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> And all who were distressed or indebted or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him. <a href="/net/1_samuel/22.htm">NET Bible</a> All those who were in trouble or owed someone money or were discontented gathered around him, and he became their leader. He had about four hundred men with him. <a href="/nheb/1_samuel/22.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> Everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented, gathered themselves to him; and he became captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. <a href="/wbt/1_samuel/22.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, resorted to him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. <a href="/web/1_samuel/22.htm">World English Bible</a> Everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered themselves to him; and he became captain over them. There were with him about four hundred men. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/1_samuel/22.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> and every man in distress gathers themselves to him, and every man who has an exactor, and every man bitter in soul, and he is for head over them, and there are about four hundred men with him. <a href="/ylt/1_samuel/22.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> and gather themselves unto him do every man in distress, and every man who hath an exactor, and every man bitter in soul, and he is over them for head, and there are with him about four hundred men. <a href="/slt/1_samuel/22.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And there will gather to him every man being pressed and every man which to him a creditor, and every man bitter of soul; and he will be for chief over them: and there will be with him about four hundred men.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/1_samuel/22.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And all that were in distress and oppressed with debt, and under affliction of mind gathered themselves unto him: and he became their prince, and there were with him about four hundred men. <a href="/cpdv/1_samuel/22.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> And all those left in distress, or oppressed by debt to strangers, or bitter in soul, gathered themselves to him. And he became their leader, and about four hundred men were with him. <a href="/nabre/1_samuel/22.htm">New American Bible</a> He was joined by all those in difficulties or in debt, or embittered, and became their leader. About four hundred men were with him. <a href="/nrsvce/1_samuel/22.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him; and he became captain over them. Those who were with him numbered about four hundred.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/1_samuel/22.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> And there gathered to him every man who was in distress and every man who was in debt and every man who was discontented, and he became chief over them; and there were with him about four hundred men. <a href="/hpbt/1_samuel/22.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And every man who was distressed assembled with him, and every man who had a creditor, and every man bitter of soul, and he was Head over them, and there were with him about four hundred men<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/1_samuel/22.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became captain over them; and there were with him about four hundred men. <a href="/sep/1_samuel/22.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And there gathered to him every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was troubled in mind; and he was a leader over them, and there were with him about four hundred men. <a href="/parallel/1_samuel/22-2.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/H8oQfYUMRZg?start=6456" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/1_samuel/22.htm">David Flees to Adullam and Mizpeh</a> 1So David left Gath and took refuge in the cave of Adullam. When his brothers and the rest of his father’s household heard about it, they went down to him there. 2<a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: kāl- (N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">And all</a> <a href="/hebrew/376.htm" title="376: ’îš (N-ms) -- Man. Contracted for 'enowsh; a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term."></a> <a href="/hebrew/4689.htm" title="4689: mā·ṣō·wq (N-ms) -- Straits, stress. From tsuwq; a narrow place, i.e. confinement or disability.">who were distressed</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: wə·ḵāl (Conj-w:: N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">or</a> <a href="/hebrew/376.htm" title="376: ’îš (N-ms) -- Man. Contracted for 'enowsh; a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term."></a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer- (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc."></a> <a href="/hebrew/lōw (Prep:: 3ms) -- "></a> <a href="/hebrew/5378.htm" title="5378: nō·še (V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- To beguile, deceive. A primitive root; to lend on interest; by implication, to dun for debt.">indebted</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: wə·ḵāl (Conj-w:: N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every."></a> <a href="/hebrew/376.htm" title="376: ’îš (N-ms) -- Man. Contracted for 'enowsh; a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term."></a> <a href="/hebrew/4751.htm" title="4751: mar- (Adj-msc) -- Bitter, bitterness. Or marah; from marar; bitter; also bitterness, or bitterly.">or discontented</a> <a href="/hebrew/5315.htm" title="5315: ne·p̄eš (N-fs) -- From naphash; properly, a breathing creature, i.e. Animal of vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense."></a> <a href="/hebrew/6908.htm" title="6908: way·yiṯ·qab·bə·ṣū (Conj-w:: V-Hitpael-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- To gather, collect. A primitive root; to grasp, i.e. Collect.">rallied</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’ê·lāw (Prep:: 3ms) -- To, into, towards. ">around him,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1961.htm" title="1961: way·hî (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To fall out, come to pass, become, be. A primitive root; to exist, i.e. Be or become, come to pass.">and he became</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘ă·lê·hem (Prep:: 3mp) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">their</a> <a href="/hebrew/8269.htm" title="8269: lə·śār (Prep-l:: N-ms) -- Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince. From sarar; a head person.">leader.</a> <a href="/hebrew/702.htm" title="702: kə·’ar·ba‘ (Prep-k:: Number-fs) -- Four. Masculine oarbaah; from raba'; four.">About four</a> <a href="/hebrew/3967.htm" title="3967: mê·’ō·wṯ (Number-fp) -- Hundred. Or metyah; properly, a primitive numeral; a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction.">hundred</a> <a href="/hebrew/376.htm" title="376: ’îš (N-ms) -- Man. Contracted for 'enowsh; a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term.">men</a> <a href="/hebrew/1961.htm" title="1961: way·yih·yū (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- To fall out, come to pass, become, be. A primitive root; to exist, i.e. Be or become, come to pass.">were</a> <a href="/hebrew/5973.htm" title="5973: ‘im·mōw (Prep:: 3ms) -- From amam; adverb or preposition, with, in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix.">with him.</a> 3From there David went to Mizpeh of Moab, where he said to the king of Moab, “Please let my father and mother stay with you until I learn what God will do for me.”…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/judges/11-3.htm">Judges 11:3</a> So Jephthah fled from his brothers and settled in the land of Tob, where worthless men gathered around him and traveled with him. <a href="/2_samuel/23-13.htm">2 Samuel 23:13-17</a> At harvest time, three of the thirty chief men went down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. / At that time David was in the stronghold, and the garrison of the Philistines was at Bethlehem. / David longed for water and said, “Oh, that someone would get me a drink of water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem!” ... <a href="/matthew/11-28.htm">Matthew 11:28-30</a> Come to Me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. / Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. / For My yoke is easy and My burden is light.” <a href="/hebrews/11-32.htm">Hebrews 11:32-34</a> And what more shall I say? Time will not allow me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, Samuel, and the prophets, / who through faith conquered kingdoms, administered justice, and gained what was promised; who shut the mouths of lions, / quenched the raging fire, and escaped the edge of the sword; who gained strength from weakness, became mighty in battle, and put foreign armies to flight. <a href="/psalms/34-6.htm">Psalm 34:6</a> This poor man called out, and the LORD heard him; He saved him from all his troubles. <a href="/psalms/142-1.htm">Psalm 142:1-7</a> A Maskil of David, when he was in the cave. A prayer. I cry aloud to the LORD; I lift my voice to the LORD for mercy. / I pour out my complaint before Him; I reveal my trouble to Him. / Although my spirit grows faint within me, You know my way. Along the path I travel they have hidden a snare for me. ... <a href="/acts/4-13.htm">Acts 4:13</a> When they saw the boldness of Peter and John and realized that they were unschooled, ordinary men, they marveled and took note that these men had been with Jesus. <a href="/2_kings/6-17.htm">2 Kings 6:17</a> Then Elisha prayed, “O LORD, please open his eyes that he may see.” And the LORD opened the eyes of the young man, and he saw that the hills were full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha. <a href="/matthew/9-36.htm">Matthew 9:36</a> When He saw the crowds, He was moved with compassion for them, because they were harassed and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd. <a href="/luke/15-1.htm">Luke 15:1-2</a> Now all the tax collectors and sinners were gathering around to listen to Jesus. / So the Pharisees and scribes began to grumble: “This man welcomes sinners and eats with them.” <a href="/1_corinthians/1-26.htm">1 Corinthians 1:26-29</a> Brothers, consider the time of your calling: Not many of you were wise by human standards; not many were powerful; not many were of noble birth. / But God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong. / He chose the lowly and despised things of the world, and the things that are not, to nullify the things that are, ... <a href="/james/2-5.htm">James 2:5</a> Listen, my beloved brothers: Has not God chosen the poor of this world to be rich in faith and to inherit the kingdom He promised those who love Him? <a href="/isaiah/16-3.htm">Isaiah 16:3-4</a> “Give us counsel; render a decision. Shelter us at noonday with shade as dark as night. Hide the refugees; do not betray the one who flees. / Let my fugitives stay with you; be a refuge for Moab from the destroyer.” When the oppressor has gone, destruction has ceased, and the oppressors have vanished from the land, <a href="/ezekiel/22-29.htm">Ezekiel 22:29-31</a> The people of the land have practiced extortion and committed robbery. They have oppressed the poor and needy and have exploited the foreign resident without justice. / I searched for a man among them to repair the wall and stand in the gap before Me on behalf of the land, so that I should not destroy it. But I found no one. / So I have poured out My indignation upon them and consumed them with the fire of My fury. I have brought their ways down upon their own heads, declares the Lord GOD.” <a href="/romans/15-1.htm">Romans 15:1</a> We who are strong ought to bear with the shortcomings of the weak and not to please ourselves.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves to him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.distress<a href="/judges/11-3.htm">Judges 11:3</a> Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob: and there were gathered vain men to Jephthah, and went out with him.<a href="/matthew/11-12.htm">Matthew 11:12,28</a> And from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven suffereth violence, and the violent take it by force… was in debt [heb] had a creditor<a href="/matthew/18-25.htm">Matthew 18:25-34</a> But forasmuch as he had not to pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, and children, and all that he had, and payment to be made… discontented [heb] bitter of soul<a href="/1_samuel/1-10.htm">1 Samuel 1:10</a> And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore.<a href="/1_samuel/30-6.htm">1 Samuel 30:6</a> And David was greatly distressed; for the people spake of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved, every man for his sons and for his daughters: but David encouraged himself in the LORD his God.<a href="/judges/18-25.htm">Judges 18:25</a> And the children of Dan said unto him, Let not thy voice be heard among us, lest angry fellows run upon thee, and thou lose thy life, with the lives of thy household.a captain<a href="/1_samuel/9-16.htm">1 Samuel 9:16</a> To morrow about this time I will send thee a man out of the land of Benjamin, and thou shalt anoint him to be captain over my people Israel, that he may save my people out of the hand of the Philistines: for I have looked upon my people, because their cry is come unto me.<a href="/1_samuel/25-15.htm">1 Samuel 25:15,16</a> But the men were very good unto us, and we were not hurt, neither missed we any thing, as long as we were conversant with them, when we were in the fields: … <a href="/1_samuel/30-22.htm">1 Samuel 30:22-24</a> Then answered all the wicked men and men of Belial, of those that went with David, and said, Because they went not with us, we will not give them ought of the spoil that we have recovered, save to every man his wife and his children, that they may lead them away, and depart… <div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/1_samuel/1-10.htm">Bitter</a> <a href="/1_samuel/18-13.htm">Captain</a> <a href="/1_samuel/17-1.htm">Collected</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/24-6.htm">Debt</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/10-10.htm">Discontented</a> <a href="/1_samuel/2-32.htm">Distress</a> <a href="/exodus/1-14.htm">Embittered</a> <a href="/zechariah/10-4.htm">Exactor</a> <a href="/1_samuel/21-13.htm">Head</a> <a href="/1_samuel/18-27.htm">Hundred</a> <a href="/1_samuel/13-14.htm">Leader</a> <a href="/joshua/9-4.htm">Resorted</a> <a href="/1_samuel/18-11.htm">Round</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-17.htm">Soul</a> <a href="/1_samuel/19-23.htm">Spirit</a> <a href="/1_samuel/21-4.htm">Themselves</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-11.htm">Together</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-19.htm">Trouble</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/2_samuel/1-11.htm">Bitter</a> <a href="/1_samuel/22-14.htm">Captain</a> <a href="/1_samuel/28-1.htm">Collected</a> <a href="/2_kings/4-7.htm">Debt</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/10-10.htm">Discontented</a> <a href="/1_samuel/26-24.htm">Distress</a> <a href="/1_samuel/30-6.htm">Embittered</a> <a href="/job/3-18.htm">Exactor</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-39.htm">Head</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-13.htm">Hundred</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-30.htm">Leader</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/11-13.htm">Resorted</a> <a href="/1_samuel/22-22.htm">Round</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-20.htm">Soul</a> <a href="/1_samuel/28-3.htm">Spirit</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-1.htm">Themselves</a> <a href="/1_samuel/23-8.htm">Together</a> <a href="/2_samuel/13-4.htm">Trouble</a><div class="vheading2">1 Samuel 22</div>1. <a href="/1_samuel/22-1.htm">Companies resort unto David at Adullam</a> 3. <a href="/1_samuel/22-3.htm">At Mizpeh he commends his parents unto the king of Moab</a> 5. <a href="/1_samuel/22-5.htm">Admonished by Gad, he comes to Hareth,</a> 6. <a href="/1_samuel/22-6.htm">Saul going to pursue him, complains of his servants' unfaithfulness</a> 9. <a href="/1_samuel/22-9.htm">Doeg accuses Ahimelech</a> 11. <a href="/1_samuel/22-11.htm">Saul commands to kill the priests</a> 17. <a href="/1_samuel/22-17.htm">The footmen refusing, Doeg executes it</a> 20. <a href="/1_samuel/22-20.htm">Abiathar escaping, brings David the news</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_samuel/22.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_samuel/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/1_samuel/22.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>And all who were distressed or indebted or discontented rallied around him This phrase highlights the types of individuals who gathered around David during his time in the cave of Adullam. The distressed, indebted, and discontented were those who were suffering under King Saul's reign, reflecting the social and economic turmoil of the time. This gathering of marginalized individuals around David can be seen as a foreshadowing of Jesus Christ, who also attracted those who were burdened and weary (<a href="/matthew/11-28.htm">Matthew 11:28</a>). The cave of Adullam, located in the Judean wilderness, served as a refuge for David and his followers, symbolizing a place of safety and community for those in need.and he became their leader David's leadership over this group of men marks the beginning of his rise as a leader chosen by God, despite being pursued by Saul. This leadership is significant as it demonstrates David's ability to unify and guide a diverse group of people, a trait that would be essential for his future role as king. This mirrors the leadership of Christ, who leads and shepherds His followers, often those who are outcasts or marginalized in society. David's leadership is a testament to God's providence and preparation for his eventual kingship.About four hundred men were with him The number of men, about four hundred, indicates a substantial following, suggesting that David's influence and reputation were growing even while he was in hiding. This group of men would later become known as David's mighty warriors, playing a crucial role in his military campaigns and eventual establishment as king. The gathering of these men can be compared to the formation of the early church, where a small group of followers would grow to have a significant impact. This also reflects the biblical theme of God using small beginnings to accomplish great purposes, as seen in the story of Gideon (Judges 7) and the early disciples of Jesus.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/d/david.htm">David</a> The anointed future king of Israel, currently fleeing from King Saul. He becomes the leader of a group of distressed individuals. 2. <a href="/topical/a/adullam.htm">Adullam</a> The cave where David sought refuge. It becomes a place of gathering for those seeking leadership and hope. 3. <a href="/topical/d/distressed_individuals.htm">Distressed Individuals</a> People who were experiencing hardship, financial debt, or dissatisfaction with the current state of affairs under King Saul. 4. <a href="/topical/f/four_hundred_men.htm">Four Hundred Men</a> The number of men who gathered around David, forming a community and a makeshift army. 5. <a href="/topical/k/king_saul.htm">King Saul</a> The reigning king of Israel, whose pursuit of David leads to the gathering of these men.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/l/leadership_in_adversity.htm">Leadership in Adversity</a> David's leadership emerged during a time of personal crisis. True leadership often arises in challenging circumstances. <a href="/topical/c/community_of_the_discontented.htm">Community of the Discontented</a> God can use those who are marginalized or dissatisfied to accomplish His purposes. The church should be a refuge for the distressed. <a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_trials.htm">God's Sovereignty in Trials</a> David's gathering of followers was part of God's plan to prepare him for kingship. Trust in God's sovereignty during difficult times. <a href="/topical/t/transformation_through_fellowship.htm">Transformation through Fellowship</a> The men who joined David were transformed from outcasts to mighty warriors. Fellowship with godly leaders can lead to personal transformation. <a href="/topical/f/faithful_stewardship.htm">Faithful Stewardship</a> David's stewardship of these men reflects the importance of nurturing and guiding those God places in our care.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_1_samuel_22.htm">Top 10 Lessons from 1 Samuel 22</a> <a href="/q/why_is_the_cave_of_adullam_important.htm">What is the significance of the Cave of Adullam?</a> <a href="/q/literal_vs._metaphorical_in_2_samuel_22.htm">(2 Samuel 22) How can we tell which elements of this praise song are meant literally versus those intended as metaphorical or hyperbolic language?</a> <a href="/q/evidence_for_david's_600-man_force.htm">What archaeological or historical evidence supports the existence of David’s 600-man force (1 Samuel 23:13) during a time of limited resources and political instability? </a> <a href="/q/how_does_psalm_142_4_align_with_1_sam_22_2.htm">Psalm 142:4 shows David claiming no one cares for him—how does this reconcile with 1 Samuel 22:2, where he has loyal followers? </a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/1_samuel/22.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(2) Every one that was in distress.--Ewald writes on this statement:--"The situation of the country, which was becoming more and more melancholy under Saul, . . . drove men to seek a leader from whom they might hope for better things for the future . . . David did not send away these refugees, many of them distinguished and prominent Israelites, but organised them into a military force. He foresaw that while commanding such a company as this, he might, without injuring his king and former benefactor, be of the very greatest use to the people, and protect the southern frontiers of the kingdom--sadly exposed in these later years of King Saul--from the plundering incursions of the neighbouring nomadic tribes. This state of things, with a few interruptions, really came to pass, and David won great repute and popularity among the protected districts during these years when he was a wanderer and an outlaw--a popularity which in after years stood him in good stead."These persons "in distress" were especially those who were persecuted by Saul and his men for their attachment to David. The several statements of the refugees who took shelter in David's armed camp, of course go over a considerable time. They did not all flock to his standard at once. Some went to him in the first days of his exile, others after the massacre at the sanctuary at Nob, others later, and thus gradually 400 gathered round him. Soon after, these numbers were swelled to 600, and these probably only were the chosen men-at-arms of the little force, which, no doubt, was numerically far greater.And every one that was in debt.--Throughout the whole long story of Israel this unhappy love of greed and gain has been a characteristic feature of the chosen race, ever a prominent and ugly sin. In the Mosaic Law, most stringent regulations were laid down to correct and mitigate this ruling passion of avarice among the Jews. (See such passages as <a href="/exodus/22-25.htm" title="If you lend money to any of my people that is poor by you, you shall not be to him as an usurer, neither shall you lay on him usury.">Exodus 22:25</a>; <a href="/leviticus/25-36.htm" title="Take you no usury of him, or increase: but fear your God; that your brother may live with you.">Leviticus 25:36</a>; <a href="/deuteronomy/23-19.htm" title="You shall not lend on usury to your brother; usury of money, usury of victuals, usury of any thing that is lent on usury:">Deuteronomy 23:19</a>.) The poor, improvident, or perhaps unfortunate, debtor was protected by wise laws against the greedy avaricious spirit of his merciless creditor. These beneficent regulations of the great lawgiver had, under the capricious, faulty rule of King Saul, of course fallen into abeyance, and a terrible amount of misery, no doubt, was the consequence. In the Divine record sad scenes (see <a href="/context/2_kings/4-1.htm" title="Now there cried a certain woman of the wives of the sons of the prophets to Elisha, saying, Your servant my husband is dead; and you know that your servant did fear the LORD: and the creditor is come to take to him my two sons to be slaves.">2Kings 4:1-7</a>), exemplifying this pitiless spirit, are casually related, but they are so woven into the mosaic of the history, as to show us they were, alas! no uncommon occurrence in the daily life of the people. In Proverbs, for instance, we have some conspicuous instances. The chronicles of the Middle Ages in all countries teem with similar stories about the chosen people. Our own great dramatist, some three centuries ago, evidently without attempt at exaggeration, selects the avaricious, grasping Jew as the central figure of one of his most famous dramas. In our own time the same spirit, as is too well known, is still abroad, and constitutes the bitterest reproach which the many enemies of the strange, deathless race can promulgate against a people evidently walled in by a Divine protection and a changeless eternal love.And he became a captain over them.--It was evidently no undisciplined band, these outlaws of Adullam and the hold of Moab, of Hareth and Keilah, of Ziph and Engedi. David quickly organised the refugees, among whom, by degrees, many a man of mark and approved valour and ability were numbered. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/1_samuel/22.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 2. - Everyone that was in distress,... in debt, or discontented (Hebrew, bitter of soul), gathered themselves unto him. Had Saul's government been just and upright David would have had no followers; but he never rose above the level of a soldier, had developed all that arbitrariness which military command fosters in self-willed minds, and seems entirely unaware of its being his duty to attend to the righteous administration of the law. The Israelites had in him the very king they had desired, but they found that a brave general might at home be a ruthless tyrant. Debt was one of the worst evils of ancient times. The rate of usury was so exorbitant that a loan was sure to end in utter ruin, and not only the debtor, but his children might be made slaves to repay the debt (<a href="/2_kings/4-1.htm">2 Kings 4:1</a>). It was one of the first duties of an upright governor to enforce the Mosaic law against usury (<a href="/leviticus/25-36.htm">Leviticus 25:36</a>); but all such cares Saul despised, and there were probably many in the land impoverished by Saul's own exactions and favouritism (ver. 7), and made bitter of soul by his cruelty and injustice. All such were glad to join in what seemed to them the banner of revolt. Afterwards at Ziklag David was joined by nobler followers (see on 1 Samuel 27:6). With David we may compare Jephthah's case in the old days of anarchy (<a href="/judges/11-3.htm">Judges 11:3-6</a>), and note that bad government leads to lawlessness just as surely as no government. <a href="/commentaries/1_samuel/22-2.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>And all כָּל־ (kāl-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every who were distressed מָצ֜וֹק (mā·ṣō·wq) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4689.htm">Strong's 4689: </a> A narrow place, confinement, disability [or] וְכָל־ (wə·ḵāl) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every indebted נֹשֶׁא֙ (nō·še) Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5378.htm">Strong's 5378: </a> To lend on interest, to dun for, debt or discontented מַר־ (mar-) Adjective - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4751.htm">Strong's 4751: </a> Bitter, bitterness, bitterly rallied וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ (way·yiṯ·qab·bə·ṣū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6908.htm">Strong's 6908: </a> To gather, collect around him, אֵ֠לָיו (’ê·lāw) Preposition | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> Near, with, among, to and he became וַיְהִ֥י (way·hî) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1961.htm">Strong's 1961: </a> To fall out, come to pass, become, be their עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם (‘ă·lê·hem) Preposition | third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> Above, over, upon, against leader. לְשָׂ֑ר (lə·śār) Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8269.htm">Strong's 8269: </a> Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince About four כְּאַרְבַּ֥ע (kə·’ar·ba‘) Preposition-k | Number - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_702.htm">Strong's 702: </a> Four hundred מֵא֖וֹת (mê·’ō·wṯ) Number - feminine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3967.htm">Strong's 3967: </a> A hundred men אִֽישׁ׃ (’îš) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_376.htm">Strong's 376: </a> A man as an individual, a male person were וַיִּהְי֣וּ (way·yih·yū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1961.htm">Strong's 1961: </a> To fall out, come to pass, become, be with him. עִמּ֔וֹ (‘im·mōw) Preposition | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5973.htm">Strong's 5973: </a> With, equally with <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/1_samuel/22-2.htm">1 Samuel 22:2 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/1_samuel/22-2.htm">1 Samuel 22:2 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/1_samuel/22-2.htm">1 Samuel 22:2 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/1_samuel/22-2.htm">1 Samuel 22:2 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/1_samuel/22-2.htm">1 Samuel 22:2 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/1_samuel/22-2.htm">1 Samuel 22:2 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/1_samuel/22-2.htm">1 Samuel 22:2 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/1_samuel/22-2.htm">1 Samuel 22:2 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/1_samuel/22-2.htm">1 Samuel 22:2 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/1_samuel/22-2.htm">1 Samuel 22:2 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/1_samuel/22-2.htm">OT History: 1 Samuel 22:2 Everyone who was in distress and everyone (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/1_samuel/22-1.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="1 Samuel 22:1"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="1 Samuel 22:1" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/1_samuel/22-3.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="1 Samuel 22:3"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="1 Samuel 22:3" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>