CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913506520cd06bb8',cH: 'ofjeWC3S8MdgFb4m7R1locP_M.MKEIFnyC_cPTaoGcc-1739787415-1.2.1.1-sJ.kBgmDzP1sf3QHKUjIUGp732jPlgsA31fcM1fXORXakJQqm579poKE7D1SuC3H',cUPMDTk: "\/9997119\/bibtex?__cf_chl_tk=nWLI9wtASOqz8S3uSqAAHfXN4v1cCJqEmTcJHrKK0nA-1739787415-1.0.1.1-.1gnZTHZ.VAsu_o4xtqZaHNW88aN9p63CXyuuf0xtws",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739787415',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/9997119\/bibtex?__cf_chl_f_tk=nWLI9wtASOqz8S3uSqAAHfXN4v1cCJqEmTcJHrKK0nA-1739787415-1.0.1.1-.1gnZTHZ.VAsu_o4xtqZaHNW88aN9p63CXyuuf0xtws",md: "DgBJGXv4jUOhX57mFIknU6SQz3UbVR3mo_c.tmtjMEY-1739787415-1.2.1.1-EYwSKyKl3qDp1It3dk3OwvSak4zYh34wkz0MwL28PlLOkcoZM807vtyrydlAw6MzOcZns0MYagpjmDXH1igUn_tIRzJ2KVBzE50CaOp4.FCJWSu2S5OUcTnG.bwqU2h4.ZtVWXHOnQiXpRqpbm0_W0UwEwFvKQflPxMcg5mFXi9F.iom5ng7ExtBphdfb5VLDYVHZ_y1ry1sBN1UB3PSAbbOw6IA2yz70iw6l8.8tT0dpUiwu.Nxukh9TSW.OMSjXOWmsWCcJAtH10uJVtYpOi2ZM7a3Kwo9qpGag9fOcwCGbsdP4p.uGBiGZ3ZjIFTR.GWUuLsxQ1HHOwszMQYm1AeejO6r5kunKlagsqLoLb07LIy6aKnzfZ8Ax045p0y3rKAXO_1LHq2FBQspLL5W6imJ6wIDW2inBpYBaF8M8HhV5JKX0UWq.z0W877D7_OSJtFt_iGjuE3UHUeOBv_i1bAmT67eMlVpHct93.oDsVzwIrVqU7r0WppBoJqC2D4a_OuENZn82zpXzIplQI0jPg3BEVmg6XgDYOWd7SGUwwOxjxKE.Q65I5w0EoibO2ubGUq2VZ2ALhwApR4lf8aEmA3hh_AkeF.XmPNSf5LBypjqmjDRtY4SNaHohZxNudYNip6yDynfV.Itot4NBzraTnwm35nqhHT.zqntZjWTOgzXwsQ9WuFKani.WhbWdtdUVNK.QkHLims.6OXBKeHZ36U2V9QCRooOqt_IG2Elwot1jYxNhIZE.XYR12IX_S7Z2jDzy9wR7v1Purz4kzsdVKzcNQmYVRoUC69rGyR2T1242LIKXRzlBL47jD49h9l6nEPeINL8nZZH7Xm5AkARDbhgyj.phjlOAgJc9KZwJJEiD_QSRR0dXKs6X6zDAxhzckdV4MYda7Ij..Bkvfu2yv3s_Krx81_C5juH7GopHRDJEI5ouTtYoes2_izVCLHeR.FTt1rSHVZZ7d1jrVOHfsJGrhKBoValfbe5fFmOfH.UITrSDFQaW_fgz_QMuBzIC1NdMFnbo8ZkSeVbMyyvpt3.bR5TRJOGjR9NoyJI4xbcRsWGLv6WJMEigBTucADM0hQN1s4DCvXbytXUoQbX7PAWDtGI6y3hVnIQ3q_7jjbYPw5d_5ppWuHRhbkVcxdvsK7MV74o_sMWUy1x28pcJFEb43v9RPgNZ.EAIhcS4PJOwx3K6AGD9IGnkt36qASTsvYuuSwW.10aG8EE9Vmiqf3cpNYkJVFGAMosNLqpsz_J6HdZcfMLEmj2LarfhSnQpteSpgl2Hqd5Wup4Q.HBygd2ZB.86Jm6CO32zsJR8vuTdZLSEG8tE4CIego7dEbzhFD.3Z1DLjZfL4fv6rodQx5gc3H7espqIjgRArlFxEtsgm0M.X05Zl40PAQqW9EhNbe6kNjwNrx40ix_YKwsRI3Ff_.VvqrRuxbUB60CVbIIWGFySxbfJMm4yJvn4Zu1chbGd2MI9PXSpZjEh.LDYfolzwzWfCAXWSvLxleiEhiQGq1ttHeJtLiiCJGLnJeCTouqnqqKp7fvOLWD9SfkNqde273Tsu3q1jfmpHcI6zkSudydCnurKp18AQ0yzDkEsdv8j5OHxzybvh7FLQEB02HY1MvoYZQxcBIgnmDu7XioZtKqT8_EvmqwMomAPn.JGr9B0tHM08677Cd3WwujpVTdBWYBipDE9tCOn4euT4RVtM7mo7Ok7RAF4eetj7LWoC8zuxG9aiIl27UvNsXVPJLpwfG1k65KPJMKrfS_g8LMTtEfnMveuLzLT4Rb5Yz5wGje2pY.v__k_nSo.wDWyxHemp2UgKHjiv6IpaLIGaq_Ixly.mae6GuxGnqUOceZzxSJBq.3Ptoe0TJBKSlQRYEtcykzaHt_Gdq4ZX1SK6M",mdrd: "AgR3YH5wHGPNuZR.FQQht9AHYb_Lum9Xs8Vt.xrfIu0-1739787415-1.2.1.1-qYOn7TLDo9mce2B6xeLe2fh1oqQCD1v42hDB9_LFStPBW9347K1lMaaMDFauhwAVei.UYL8RI8XY3EVkP6WelY5AqrCTzyGAEoesp.NG6xmP46iBBnzUDuYPgOvqx_N9obt.kCWBLZi2MCHELkdvQBd1ZQtoQmRs1MEXzuYXmcBeDXJdUhpHewGJ2Hk9YKLozUnIRYctuXK1FT4oR4_9pDgzu6LqEzQvYZ2.PIxXIqNRS.3pglkNVfzlrl6tLsU9LCkBkClq3hazQ91YDLWGePGMSlb_FYtEMhFr34pkBRZOppkWYz5.zjZ.ZnWIFOJmbgMGW5Hf_NondN3hCABHjsJ9p3R0AmFsiyjhuij7ipA5B8F68uTQf2eFHq5I9L94Fq6mAc3711Bk.fABTL9QC7VylI8d8x7wdAHqIVSQyaQoQdVkxjmtr8Jgm3m0gUoprWQUaIHb.tIqFqu7moxUs0AONEQKHo8WsVTShIslglCQ3F8GD.U3gyxEKX870WCEHA0Ew1M2328uSLdSVfWOBBU23KBkcouj_IcgLU56lloG4qn.DhVfyeNbNG4NW4_uZNVivxSTses15XxtIIU3whBnwrW5haFQJWPQHjqUWv8dBUTy7pAw4kWiu5OkcTvH1ege4S0PNk0Rpp6k2UB._a9r7RJ7CHPVi9kx5lokjraBqaIa9Fo8l6jw6DSvllC7ywjxE.n40iTS.qYBZCtqLEccxBXp2wT8f1KcoyF3ve4Vlf0TE_DKq57hOZjyoNIAH00OJz_0F9DIkGCOZxhUS8kRoydYSF4nfSLgu2siCsW6B0s.ZyfnOhmHh3JuBgmwuUmLmBtBqZi6jxK7BrMw21tkbggygW0YgxoI.0nFAXTEA5MF3ciyn4Ucz3QS5EG1C30gAqSbg6A_MKyUgOk4k3SaGhy7H2HCri5oxGKQixSmbk3LxfAUV3YuthQLVk3MZpgSpqmF25I2H.AaqFXRHWKKgbMp6p0D82Yp617KF7y5gEJiFlCcJuATcqkUGHp24_4bANxqDLNstYKfxCjYUpEK1xudRhfWREi1r.L6ViS1Zi2gjxobJaZtxGtdtUbRSIlTSI0EqNlyE0oT6Hs3N9Gx3QnRRwlwy6S5xzPLHAnIME7cZNd2ZAOrseVzFnFhdkEV8EWXGpjF._zB609rwDCNoaTZOfDZdUHfrJS3o2Ct_kikSAd.OXH_l8wln6OvEquR4DFx2dgASBJk_6nYVzX9uAgNo0uvomf6rimzwEKyRy97Ooj4Kvpr3EsN4iuzY9YmzVTL2CgLmhKavgSP1PztCNq3Zeb_NCuyW92wlnKPq0bxVTnl0SLPuLPdF4cCJ3xb9qkZNvC2CWQXvhikPOFAclP88fUN5pK2a9IINaPkHvQauXpXrH1MzmyjzQJ0iMc1_.MMsYWSqazvyYN1r_F20L3W3mzGDg5bJnIpe0T9o4BYuhT51SDQji.Rnb_FVZgPZ1srn2.6eXsTdBLuth4f7d2hl.mQvdluEIbCl3TNRkpL7HxRVLsEQMZa8_rtUlKDStAe1y3v0YikaGSj4HSQWInZEcF2wNdvxhsmbzXiBAAeQmat8fY5CzXH21vTidozGHPpVB2TNA8dJuoU8xzRC5Fe7ylB6JVEFJu7yro1Oyi1AFpwM6E3kyqFpHTrn4WM.dH6PJY4wEXVD6LrEMAzf9vqSbIqR6laWAUo8mQqdwYrRJ.9cxqG69ZUp5Mmt.VYqEyf1np2LZaABOS5.oC1zjXGg67YawqHRX4CYHgc_IrBFmeJ.YEW6oKERFJfElOeUEwvEPRUSGgHKomC84fFFoiTrcolW2je3dZsKjM4Bavaf3k1YNDxvdIm.XovfcSlLk.GjC5XgINO0unSBfy8Ie9LvW0SX7JXiOvADeXHJGm6y2NpjoW3PnrkeSXvJ53eijcAtqM2R70OzjUgGOOokZyrgRTW5jFyjf1rdS0twtQPd1JFaNvZCNeLyXwjSs.1TBUpOvEdO2nKK9rLpZJnQZqj0nTL5T_mjPV5E0k"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913506520cd06bb8';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/9997119\/bibtex?__cf_chl_rt_tk=nWLI9wtASOqz8S3uSqAAHfXN4v1cCJqEmTcJHrKK0nA-1739787415-1.0.1.1-.1gnZTHZ.VAsu_o4xtqZaHNW88aN9p63CXyuuf0xtws" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>