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You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</div></div><hr /> <p>Vu povas vidar ed kopiar la fonto-kodexo di ta pagino. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="io" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{revizo}} {{Politikisto |Nomo = Yekaterina 2ma di Rusia |Imajo = [[Arkivo:Catherine_II_by_F.Rokotov_after_Roslin_(c.1770,_Hermitage).jpg|180px|Yekaterina 2ma]] |Politikala_titulo = Imperiestrino |Shablono_lando = {{RUS}} |Guvernisteso = de la [[9ma di julio]] [[1762]] til la [[6ma di novembro]] [[1796]] |Precedanto1 = [[Pyotr la 3ma di Rusia|Pyotr la 3ma]] |Sucedanto1 = [[Pavel la 1ma di Rusia|Pavel la 1ma]] |Naskodio = [[21 di aprilo]] [[1729]] |Nask-urbo = [[Stettin]], [[Pomerania]] |Mort-dio = [[6 di novembro]] [[1796]] |Mort-urbo = [[St. Peterburg]], [[Rusa imperio]] }} '''Yekaterina la 2ma''' ([[1729]] til [[1796]]), naskinta ''Sophie Augusta Fredericka d'Anhalt-Zerbst'' surnomizita ''Figchen'' esis [[Listo di monarki di Rusia|imperiestrino]] di [[Rusia]] de la [[28ma di junio]] [[1762]] til lua morto. En 1744, [[Yelizaveta la 1ma di Rusia|Yelizaveta la 1ma]] selektis el kom spozo por lua nevulo [[Petrus la 3ma di Rusia]] do volis facar lua heredo. El konvertesis ad [[ortodoxa kristanismo|ortodoxeso]]. La mariajo ne esis felica tam ke Yelizaveta prenis parto di lua opozo e lektis [[Voltaire]] e [[Charles de Montesquieu|Montesquieu]] tale el informis su sur to qua pasis en lua nova lando. L'extravagaji di Petrus, qua el facis operar koakte por plenigar sua mariaj-tasko, pos lua tron-aceso febligis lua suporto. L'amorinto di Yekaterina [[Grigori Orlov]] komandis [[stato-stroko]] ed ocidis l'imperiestro. == Interna politiko == Apogita sur la pensisti de la [[Racion-epoko]], Yekaterina establisis komiso por reformar la legi. Legifala komiso qua reprezentis omna klasi ecepte la serfi institucesis, ma dissolvesis ante esir efikiva posible pro ol divenir tro konservema pos la revolto di [[Yemelyan Pugachov|Pugachov]] de [[1773]] til [[1774]]. Yekaterina divenis carino pos stato-stroko kontre sua spozulo [[Petro la 3ma di Rusia]]. Yekaterina ripreparis provincala ministerio, doninta pri gubernio plu kontrolaji sur la rurala zoni da revolti. En 1785 Yekaterin promulgis lego qua permisis la nobeli prizentar peticioni a la monarko e donis li plusa povi e yuri. El kurajigis la koloniigo di [[Alaska]], l'establiso di [[Germania|Germani]] an la valo dil [[Rivero Volga|Volga]] e la konquesto di teritorii. Rusia divenis la maxim granda mondala produktero di [[fero]], gis-fero e [[kupro]]. Ol havis plua kam 200 fabrikerii. L'industriala produktado duopligesis; la valoro di extera ed interna komerco triopligesis. La westala stati koaktesis aceptar Rusia en l'«Europala interkonsento». == Exteral aferi == La ministro di exteral aferi, Nikita Panin, exercis granda influo. Ilu spensis importanta pekunio por krear ''nordala interkonsento'' inter Rusia, [[Prusia]], [[Polonia]], [[Suedia]] e posible [[Unionita Rejio]] por opozar su ad la federo di Bourbon-Habsburg. Kande divenis videbla ke ta plano ne povus sucesar, Panin revokesis en [[1781]]. En [[1764]] Yekaterina plasis [[Stanislas la 2ma|Stanislas Augusto Poniatowski]], qua divenis lua amorinto, sur la trono Polona. Pose, Rusia anexis granda parti di Polonia lor lua dividi, en [[1772]], [[1793]] e [[1795]]. Yekaterina transformis Rusia en dominacinta povo en [[Proxim-Oriento]] pos l'unesma milito kontre l'[[Otoman imperio]] (1768 til 1774). En [[1786]] Yekaterina facis triumfala procesiono tra [[Krimea]], qua esis anexita da Rusia en [[1783]], pos la non-yara nedependo di [[Krimeana Khaganato]]. Otoman imperio komencis la duesma milito en [[1787]]. Ye la [[22ma di decembro]] [[1790]] Rusa generalo [[Alexander Suvorov]] kaptis la Turka fortreso di Izmail, en [[Besarabia]]. La kaptita fortreso, konstruktita da komercisti de [[Genova]] dum la [[12ma yarcento]], esis importanta defensilo por l'Otomani depos la [[16ma yarcento]]. Pos olua preno dum kurta periodo da Rusia en [[1770]] (dum l'unesma milito) ol esis pluse fortifikata da le Otoman, qui kredis ke ol esas nekaptebla. La kapto di la fortreso en 1790, kun la masakro di cirkume 40 000 Turki, esis egardata en la Otoman imperio kom katastrofo. La milito terminis su en [[1792]] kun la [[kontrato di Jassy]]. Yekaterina agis kom mediaco dum bavaria suces-milito en [[1778]]-[[1779]] inter Prusia ed Austria. En [[1780]] el montas grupo per defensar ne-dependa navi di Unionita Rejio dum la milito di Usa nedependo. Inter 1788 til 1790 Rusia facas engajita en la milito kontre Suedia do sua kuzo [[Gustav 3ma di Suedia|Gustav 3ma]] probis di reprenar la perdita ye 1720 teritorii. Pos la [[Svensksund-batalio]] (nun [[Ruotsinsalmi]] en [[Finlando]]) en [[9 di julio|9]] e [[10 di julio]] [[1790]] paco-kontrato esis signatita. El juntis {{formatnum:518000}} km² a la teritorio a Rusia. == Arti e kulturo == El agis quale meceno por l'arti, literaturo ed eduko apogita sur l'enciklopedio di [[Denis Diderot|Diderot]] e [[Jean le Rond d'Alembert|D'Alembert]]. El sucesas konvinkar matematiski [[Leonhard Euler]] retrovenar de Berlin. Kande [[Alexandr Radishchov|Radishchov]] havas editita lua [[voyajo de St. Peterburg a Moskva]] ye 1790 prizentinta la mala vivo-condicioni di serfi exilabas en [[Siberia]]. == Personala vivo == Por introduktar vacineso el agis quale exemplo, esante l'unesma qua vacinizesis. Yekaterina divenis konocita por elua sexuala apetito e mult amoranti. El facis konstruktar sekreta peco pleniga di pikti e skulti montrinta tre laciva ceni, o mem di [[violaco]], di [[pedofilio]] e di [[zoofilio]]. To esis granda sexuala objekti realigita per mestieristo qua dekoris la kirki. Tamen, segun la historio el mortis da penetriganta kavalo, ma to esas falsa. Reale, groseskinta Yekaterina perisis pro [[kordial infarkto|kordial atako]]. El havis filio qua amis poke, prerinta li lia gefilii ([[Alexandr la 1ma di Rusia|Alexandr la 1ma]]). Ilu sucedis sub la nomo [[Pavel la 1ma di Rusia|Pavel la 1ma]]. {{commons|Catherine II of Russia}} == Komparebla personegi == Pri tota, suvereni di ta karaktero, havis sole en [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]] ke on trovas li ... Od en l'[[Antiqueso]]: kelka personi vidas en el [[Semiramis]], altri [[Messaline]]. 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