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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Occupations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Occupations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Occupations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Occupations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Occupations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Occupations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hunza_Valley" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hunza_Valley"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Hunza Valley</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hunza_Valley-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uttarakhand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uttarakhand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Uttarakhand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uttarakhand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Delhi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Delhi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Delhi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Delhi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chhattisgarh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chhattisgarh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Chhattisgarh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chhattisgarh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Varanasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Varanasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Varanasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Varanasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Andhra_Pradesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Andhra_Pradesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Andhra Pradesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Andhra_Pradesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rajasthan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rajasthan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Rajasthan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rajasthan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Official_classification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Official_classification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Official classification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Official_classification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Doms_in_Nepal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doms_in_Nepal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Doms in Nepal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Doms_in_Nepal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon 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Available in 8 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="डोम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="डोम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom" title="Dom – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dom" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_(pleme)" title="Dom (pleme) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dom (pleme)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC" title="ಡೊಂಬ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಡೊಂಬ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="دومبا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دومبا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2_(%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A4)" title="ᱰᱚᱢ (ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ) – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱰᱚᱢ (ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ)" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="தொம்பன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தொம்பன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF" title="దొమ్మరి – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="దొమ్మరి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3764518#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doms&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Doms">Doms</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group of India</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Doms" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Dom_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Dom (disambiguation)">Dom (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dom_man2_kurta_eastbengal1860.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Dom_man2_kurta_eastbengal1860.jpg/230px-Dom_man2_kurta_eastbengal1860.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Dom_man2_kurta_eastbengal1860.jpg/345px-Dom_man2_kurta_eastbengal1860.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Dom_man2_kurta_eastbengal1860.jpg/460px-Dom_man2_kurta_eastbengal1860.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2603" data-file-height="3801" /></a><figcaption>A Dom man in Eastern <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1860</span>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Dom</b> (<a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit language">Sanskrit</a>: <span lang="sa"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" class="extiw" title="wikt:डोम">डोम</a></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Sanskrit" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Sanskrit">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">Doma</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'a man of <a href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">Dalit</a> caste, living by singing and music'), also known as <i><b>Domra</b></i>, <i><b>Domba</b></i>, <i><b>Domaka</b></i>, <i><b>Dombara</b></i> and <i><b>Dombari</b></i>, are castes, or groups, scattered across <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. Dom were a caste of drummer.<sup id="cite_ref-M.D._Publications_Pvt._Ltd._1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M.D._Publications_Pvt._Ltd.-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Tantra" title="Tantra">Tantra</a> scriptures, the Dom were engaged in the occupations of singing and playing music.<sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Illinois_Press_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Illinois_Press-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, they were considered an <a href="/wiki/Untouchability" title="Untouchability">untouchable caste</a> called the <a href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">Dalits</a> and their traditional occupation was the disposal and cremation of dead bodies.<sup id="cite_ref-Panchali_Ray_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Panchali_Ray-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Robert_E._Van_Voorst_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Robert_E._Van_Voorst-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are in the list of <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_caste" class="mw-redirect" title="Scheduled caste">Scheduled caste</a> for <a href="/wiki/Reservation_in_India" title="Reservation in India">Reservation in India</a> in the Indian states of <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Registrar_General_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Registrar_General-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Biharonlineportal_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biharonlineportal-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-West_Bengal_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-West_Bengal-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-scstrti_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scstrti-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Individuals who live by singing and music were referred to as Dom in Tantric scriptures. According to historian M.P Joshi, the word Duma is connected to the sound of a drum.<sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Illinois_Press_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Illinois_Press-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its presumed root, <i>ḍom</i>, which is connected with drumming, is linked to <i>damara</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Damaru" title="Damaru">damaru</a></i>, Sanskrit terms for "drum" and the Sanskrit verbal root डम् <i>ḍam-</i> 'to sound (as a drum)', perhaps a loan from <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_languages" title="Dravidian languages">Dravidian</a>, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Kannada_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kannada language">Kannada</a> <i>ḍamāra</i> 'a pair of kettle-drums', and <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a> <i>ṭamaṭama</i> 'a drum, <a href="/wiki/Tomtom_drum" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomtom drum">tomtom</a>'.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>dom</i> is mentioned in <a href="/wiki/Tantra" title="Tantra">Tantra</a> scriptures as individuals who live by singing and music. During the reign of the <a href="/wiki/Chand_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Chand dynasty">Chand dynasty</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gorkha_Kingdom" title="Gorkha Kingdom">Gorkha</a>, all service castes were referred to as Dom and were prohibited from wearing gold and silver ornaments. They had to work as palanquin bearers, but they were prohibited from using palanquins at their weddings. They had to live in separate villages with different cremation sites and water sources. They had to bury the dead cows of others of which they ate flesh. During the British period, the British prohibited these discriminative practices. Social activist <a href="/wiki/Lala_Lajpat_Rai" title="Lala Lajpat Rai">Lala Lajpat Rai</a> and dalit leader Khusi Ram sought to reject low caste status and introduced the term <a href="/wiki/Shilpkar" title="Shilpkar">Shilpkar</a> to replace the pejorative Dom. They conducted purification rituals of <a href="/wiki/Arya_Samaj" title="Arya Samaj">Arya Samaj</a> in which shilkars wore sacred threads (Janeu) and were allowed to use a palanquin in their wedding. Since then, in Uttarakhand, the Shilpkar replaced Dom in the official category. But it has done little to reduce the social stigma in the central Himalaya region.<sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Illinois_Press_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Illinois_Press-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many <a href="/wiki/Nomadic" class="mw-redirect" title="Nomadic">nomadic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peripatetic_minority" class="mw-redirect" title="Peripatetic minority">peripatetic</a> groups in Uttar Pradesh are said to be of Dom origin such as the <a href="/wiki/Bangali_(caste)" title="Bangali (caste)">Bangali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhantu" title="Bhantu">Bhantu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bazigar" title="Bazigar">Bazigar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Habura_(caste)" title="Habura (caste)">Habura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanjar" title="Kanjar">Kanjar</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sansi_people" title="Sansi people">Sansi</a>. It could also be that the term Dom is generically used to describe any peripatetic nomad, as all of the aforementioned groups are distinct and strictly endogamous. Some speak a dialect or <a href="/wiki/Argot" class="mw-redirect" title="Argot">argot</a> of their own, while others speak the prevailing dialect or language.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Doms were formerly classified as a <a href="/wiki/Denotified_Tribes" title="Denotified Tribes">criminal tribe</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Tribes_Act" title="Criminal Tribes Act">Criminal Tribes Acts</a> of the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gupta_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gupta-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Occupations">Occupations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Occupations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hunza_Valley">Hunza Valley</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Hunza Valley"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The people are called Bericho, Dom, or Doma. The Dom identity developed out of their work as musicians. They are a heterogeneous group, descended from a number of families that took up service with the various local rulers. The Dom belong to the <a href="/wiki/Nizari_Ismaili" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizari Ismaili">Nizari Ismaili</a> sect in <a href="/wiki/Hunza_Valley" title="Hunza Valley">Hunza</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (February 2024)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Uttarakhand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the Chand and Gurkha dynasties (c. 700-1816 CE) in northern India, including regions that are now part of <a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a>, the term 'Dom' collectively referred to various occupational groups, including artisans and professional entertainers such as singers and musicians. Members of Dom castes were also involved in the disposal of dead animals, including cows.<sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Illinois_Press_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Illinois_Press-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Delhi">Delhi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Delhi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dom were engaged in occupation of beating drums in marriage ceremonies in <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> of caste hindus. But marriages of high caste are facilitated by a Brahmin priest where a drum is not beaten. In Delhi, Dom women facilitate marriages of <a href="/wiki/Bhangi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhangi">Bhangi</a> caste by singing and drum beating as Brahmin do not facilitate marriages of Bhangi caste as they are considered untouchable.<sup id="cite_ref-M.D._Publications_Pvt._Ltd._1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M.D._Publications_Pvt._Ltd.-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Chhattisgarh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Jashpur_district" title="Jashpur district">Jashpur district</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh" title="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a>, the Dom were rulers from the 16th century to 18th century, until the defeat of king Raibhan of the Dom dynasty by Sujan Rai of Sonpur who established <a href="/wiki/Jashpur_State" title="Jashpur State">Jashpur State</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_Publishing_Company_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept_Publishing_Company-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Varanasi">Varanasi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Varanasi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a>, the city in <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, the Dom perform the most important task of <a href="/wiki/Cremation" title="Cremation">cremation</a> of dead bodies.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to puranic legend, Raja <a href="/wiki/Harishchandra" title="Harishchandra">Harishchandra</a> was purchased by Kallu Dom and Harishchandra was working under him.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, according to another legend, Harishchandra was said to have been sold to a Chandala, and the Chandala entrusted him with the responsibility of overseeing the cremation ground (shmashana).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Andhra_Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Andhra Pradesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dom originally hails from the hilly tract of <a href="/wiki/Visakhapatnam" title="Visakhapatnam">Visakhapatnam</a> in Andhra Pradesh and they were known for their occupation as drummers and are often considered "untouchables" in the caste system due to their historical role in disposing of bodies, including both animal and human remains.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Rajasthan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Kalbelia" title="Kalbelia">Kalbelia</a> tribe is engaged in dance and <a href="/wiki/Snake_charming" title="Snake charming">snake charming</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Present">Present</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The traditional occupation of Dom was making musical instruments and households items of bamboo. They still make musical instruments and households items of bamboo. But due to the advent of electronic music, sales of musical instruments have dwindled.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are around 706,000 Doms in <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Doms numbered 316,337 at the 2001 census and were 1.7 percent of the <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_castes_and_scheduled_tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes">scheduled caste</a> population of West Bengal. The same census found overall 46.0 percent of Doms (aged 7 and up) were literate. Along gender lines, 58.9 percent of males and 32.6 percent of females were found by the census to be literate.<sup id="cite_ref-West_Bengal_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-West_Bengal-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/2011_Census_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Census of India">2011 Census of India</a> for Uttar Pradesh showed the Dom as a Scheduled Caste with a population of 110,353.<sup id="cite_ref-Registrar_General_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Registrar_General-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Official_classification">Official classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Official classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dom are listed as <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_Caste" class="mw-redirect" title="Scheduled Caste">Scheduled Caste</a> for <a href="/wiki/Reservation_in_India" title="Reservation in India">reservation in India</a> in Indian state of <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Registrar_General_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Registrar_General-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Biharonlineportal_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biharonlineportal-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-West_Bengal_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-West_Bengal-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-scstrti_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scstrti-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Doms_in_Nepal">Doms in Nepal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Doms in Nepal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Central_Bureau_of_Statistics_(Nepal)" title="Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal)">Central Bureau of Statistics</a> of Nepal classifies the Dom as a subgroup within the broader social group of <a href="/wiki/Madheshi_people" title="Madheshi people">Madheshi</a> <a href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">Dalits</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time of the <a href="/wiki/2011_Nepal_census" title="2011 Nepal census">2011 Nepal census</a>, 13,268 people (0.1% of the population of Nepal) were Dom. The frequency of Doms by province was as follows: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madhesh_Province" title="Madhesh Province">Madhesh Province</a> (0.2%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koshi_Province" title="Koshi Province">Koshi Province</a> (0.1%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagmati_Province" title="Bagmati Province">Bagmati Province</a> (0.0%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbini_Province" title="Lumbini Province">Lumbini Province</a> (0.0%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudurpashchim_Province" title="Sudurpashchim Province">Sudurpashchim Province</a> (0.0%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandaki_Province" title="Gandaki Province">Gandaki Province</a> (0.0%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnali_Province" title="Karnali Province">Karnali Province</a> (0.0%)</li></ul> <p>The frequency of Doms was higher than national average (0.1%) in the following districts:<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saptari_District" title="Saptari District">Saptari</a> (0.3%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhanusha_District" title="Dhanusha District">Dhanusha</a> (0.2%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahottari_District" title="Mahottari District">Mahottari</a> (0.2%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsa_District" title="Parsa District">Parsa</a> (0.2%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siraha_District" title="Siraha District">Siraha</a> (0.2%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunsari_District" title="Sunsari District">Sunsari</a> (0.2%)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dom_people" title="Dom people">Dom people</a>, mainly Middle Eastern descendants of the Dom</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heera_Dom" title="Heera Dom">Heera Dom</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-M.D._Publications_Pvt._Ltd.-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-M.D._Publications_Pvt._Ltd._1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-M.D._Publications_Pvt._Ltd._1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRama_Sharma1995" class="citation book cs1">Rama Sharma (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v_aZm_MQjygC&pg=PA126"><i>Bhangi, Scavenger in Indian Society: Marginality, Identity, and Politicization of the Community</i></a>. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 126. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8185880709" title="Special:BookSources/978-8185880709"><bdi>978-8185880709</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bhangi%2C+Scavenger+in+Indian+Society%3A+Marginality%2C+Identity%2C+and+Politicization+of+the+Community&rft.pages=126&rft.pub=M.D.+Publications+Pvt.+Ltd.&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-8185880709&rft.au=Rama+Sharma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv_aZm_MQjygC%26pg%3DPA126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-University_of_Illinois_Press-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-University_of_Illinois_Press_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-University_of_Illinois_Press_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-University_of_Illinois_Press_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-University_of_Illinois_Press_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStefan_Fiol2017" class="citation book cs1">Stefan Fiol (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SYM4DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT52"><i>Recasting Folk in the Himalayas: Indian Music, Media, and Social Mobility</i></a>. University of Illinois Press. p. 51-53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0252099786" title="Special:BookSources/978-0252099786"><bdi>978-0252099786</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Recasting+Folk+in+the+Himalayas%3A+Indian+Music%2C+Media%2C+and+Social+Mobility&rft.pages=51-53&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0252099786&rft.au=Stefan+Fiol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSYM4DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Panchali_Ray-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Panchali_Ray_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanchali_Ray2019" class="citation book cs1">Panchali Ray (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v7SmDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT207"><i>Politics of Precarity:Gendered Subjects and the Health Care Industry in Contemporary Kolkata</i></a>. OUP India. p. 207. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-909553-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-909553-7"><bdi>978-0-19-909553-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Politics+of+Precarity%3AGendered+Subjects+and+the+Health+Care+Industry+in+Contemporary+Kolkata&rft.pages=207&rft.pub=OUP+India&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0-19-909553-7&rft.au=Panchali+Ray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv7SmDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Robert_E._Van_Voorst-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Robert_E._Van_Voorst_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_E._Van_Voorst2018" class="citation book cs1">Robert E. Van Voorst (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DpVUEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA85"><i>RELG: WORLD</i></a>. Cengage Learning. p. 85. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781337671866" title="Special:BookSources/9781337671866"><bdi>9781337671866</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=RELG%3A+WORLD&rft.pages=85&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781337671866&rft.au=Robert+E.+Van+Voorst&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDpVUEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA85&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Registrar_General-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Registrar_General_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Registrar_General_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Registrar_General_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180731072159/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/SC_ST/PCA-A10/SC-0900-PCA-A-10-ddw.xlsx">"A-10 Individual Scheduled Caste Primary Census Abstract Data and its Appendix – Uttar Pradesh"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A-10+Individual+Scheduled+Caste+Primary+Census+Abstract+Data+and+its+Appendix+%E2%80%93+Uttar+Pradesh&rft.pub=Registrar+General+%26+Census+Commissioner%2C+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.gov.in%2F2011census%2FPCA%2FSC_ST%2FPCA-A10%2FSC-0900-PCA-A-10-ddw.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Biharonlineportal-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Biharonlineportal_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Biharonlineportal_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biharonlineportal.com/bihar-caste-list/">"Bihar Caste List 2022"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bihar+Caste+List+2022&rft.pub=Biharonlineportal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiharonlineportal.com%2Fbihar-caste-list%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-West_Bengal-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-West_Bengal_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-West_Bengal_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-West_Bengal_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_westbengal.pdf">"West Bengal, Census of India 2001, Data Highlights – The Scheduled Castes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scstrti.in%2Findex.php%2Fcommunities%2Fsc-communities%2F108-sc-communities%2F355-dom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://advocatetanmoy.com/2018/08/11/list-of-scheduled-caste-and-schedule-tribe-and-obcs-in-west-bengal/">"Legal Database"</a>. 11 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Legal+Database&rft.date=2018-08-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadvocatetanmoy.com%2F2018%2F08%2F11%2Flist-of-scheduled-caste-and-schedule-tribe-and-obcs-in-west-bengal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://socialjustice.gov.in/common/76750">"List of Scheduled Castes | Department of Social Justice and Empowerment - Government of India"</a>. <i>socialjustice.gov.in</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press. 2007. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59874-726-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59874-726-3"><bdi>978-1-59874-726-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/647914842">647914842</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Disappearing+peoples%3F+%3A+indigenous+groups+and+ethnic+minorities+in+South+and+Central+Asia&rft.place=Walnut+Creek%2C+CA&rft.pub=Left+Coast+Press&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F647914842&rft.isbn=978-1-59874-726-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F647914842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Concept_Publishing_Company-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Concept_Publishing_Company_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShashishekhar_Gopal_Deogaonkar1985" class="citation book cs1">Shashishekhar Gopal Deogaonkar (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CurpY1rWtb4C&pg=PA22"><i>The Hill Korwa</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Doms+of+Varanasi+make+a+living+among+the+dead&rft.date=2017-10-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Findia-doms-varanasi-cremation-idUSKBN1CV1K8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNamit_Arora2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Namit_Arora" title="Namit Arora">Namit Arora</a> (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jE1tDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT329"><i>Indians: A Brief History of A Civilization</i></a>. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. p. 329. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9353052874" title="Special:BookSources/978-9353052874"><bdi>978-9353052874</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indians%3A+A+Brief+History+of+A+Civilization&rft.pages=329&rft.pub=Penguin+Random+House+India+Private+Limited&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-9353052874&rft.au=Namit+Arora&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjE1tDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT329&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLalita_Prasad_Vidyarthi,_Makhan_Jha,_Baidyanath_Saraswati1979" class="citation book cs1">Lalita Prasad Vidyarthi, Makhan Jha, Baidyanath Saraswati (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yOR1hvfH8s8C&pg=PA306"><i>The Sacred Complex of Kashi: A Microcosm of Indian Civilization</i></a>. Concept Publishing Company. p. 306.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sacred+Complex+of+Kashi%3A+A+Microcosm+of+Indian+Civilization&rft.pages=306&rft.pub=Concept+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1979&rft.au=Lalita+Prasad+Vidyarthi%2C+Makhan+Jha%2C+Baidyanath+Saraswati&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyOR1hvfH8s8C%26pg%3DPA306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBibek_Debroy2008" class="citation book cs1">Bibek Debroy (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JwSR-K-LRD0C&pg=PA116"><i>Sarama and Her Children: The Dog in Indian Myth</i></a>. Penguin Books India. p. 116. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0143064701" title="Special:BookSources/978-0143064701"><bdi>978-0143064701</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sarama+and+Her+Children%3A+The+Dog+in+Indian+Myth&rft.pages=116&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+India&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0143064701&rft.au=Bibek+Debroy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJwSR-K-LRD0C%26pg%3DPA116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/42907">"India - A-10 Appendix: District wise scheduled caste population (Appendix), Andhra Pradesh - 2011"</a>. <i>censusindia.gov.in</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=censusindia.gov.in&rft.atitle=India+-+A-10+Appendix%3A+District+wise+scheduled+caste+population+%28Appendix%29%2C+Andhra+Pradesh+-+2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcensusindia.gov.in%2Fnada%2Findex.php%2Fcatalog%2F42907&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNjukiParkinsKaler2016" class="citation book cs1">Njuki, Jemimah; Parkins, John R.; Kaler, Amy (25 November 2016). <i>Transforming Gender and Food Security in the Global South</i>. 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United Nations<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UNESCO&rft.atitle=Kalbelia+folk+songs+and+dances+of+Rajasthan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fich.unesco.org%2Fen%2FRL%2Fkalbelia-folk-songs-and-dances-of-rajasthan-00340&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/population_enumeration.html">"Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India"</a>. <i>censusindia.gov.in</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=censusindia.gov.in&rft.atitle=Census+of+India+Website+%3A+Office+of+the+Registrar+General+%26+Census+Commissioner%2C+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcensusindia.gov.in%2F2011census%2Fpopulation_enumeration.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Population Monograph of Nepal, Volume II <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://nepal.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population%20Monograph%20V02.pdf">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230314170005/https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf">"2011 Nepal Census, District Level Detail Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2011+Nepal+Census%2C+District+Level+Detail+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcbs.gov.np%2Fwp-content%2FupLoads%2F2018%2F12%2FVolume05Part02.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+%28caste%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_(caste)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060317194852/http://www.yakshagana.com/re-jan03.htm">Dombari acrobats</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060503050112/http://www.afarm.org/Tribal.htm">Government program geared towards Dombaris</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.languageinindia.com/aug2002/indianmothertongues1961aug2002.html">Dombari language speakers as listed in India</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dom_people" title="Template:Dom people"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dom_people" title="Template talk:Dom people"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dom_people" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dom people"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dom_people" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dom_people" title="Dom people"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Dom people</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FCC; color:black;">Dom peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdal_people_(West_Asia)" title="Abdal people (West Asia)">Abdals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashkali_and_Balkan_Egyptians" title="Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians">Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bede_people" title="Bede people">Bede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deha" title="Deha">Deha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dom_people" title="Dom people">Dom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghorbati" title="Ghorbati">Ghorbati</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyuli" title="Lyuli">Lyuli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalbelia" title="Kalbelia">Kalbelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doms_in_Iraq" title="Doms in Iraq">Kawliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lom_people" title="Lom people">Lom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lori_people" title="Lori people">Lori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirasi" title="Mirasi">Mirasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narikurava" title="Narikurava">Narikurava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawar_people" title="Nawar people">Nawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orh" title="Orh">Orh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patharkat" title="Patharkat">Patharkat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Rom / Rrom / Roma / Romani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinti" title="Sinti">Sinti</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FCC; color:black;">Castes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdal_(caste)" title="Abdal (caste)">Abdal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domba" class="mw-redirect" title="Domba">Domba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhila" title="Gandhila">Gandhila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heri_(caste)" title="Heri (caste)">Heri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurkiya" title="Hurkiya">Hurkiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kan_(tribe)" title="Kan (tribe)">Kan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madari" title="Madari">Madari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalandar_(clan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Qalandar (clan)">Qalandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perna_caste" title="Perna caste">Perna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapera_caste" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapera caste">Sapera</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sapera_(Muslim)" title="Sapera (Muslim)">Muslim</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FCC; color:black;">Language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domari_language" title="Domari language">Domari language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lomavren_language" title="Lomavren language">Lomavren language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_language" title="Romani language">Romani languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seb_Seliyer_language" title="Seb Seliyer language">Seb Seliyer language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bengali_Hindus" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#FFD699;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bengali_Hindu_people" title="Template:Bengali Hindu people"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bengali_Hindu_people" title="Template talk:Bengali Hindu people"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bengali_Hindu_people" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bengali Hindu people"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bengali_Hindus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Hindus" title="Bengali Hindus">Bengali Hindus</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babu_(title)" title="Babu (title)">Babu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangal" title="Bangal">Bangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadralok" title="Bhadralok">Bhadralok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghoti_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghoti people">Ghoti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Castes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aguri_(caste)" title="Aguri (caste)">Aguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagdi_caste" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagdi caste">Bagdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baidya" title="Baidya">Baidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baishya_Kapali" title="Baishya Kapali">Baishya Kapali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baishya_Saha" title="Baishya Saha">Baishya Saha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barujibi" title="Barujibi">Barujibi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauris" class="mw-redirect" title="Bauris">Bauri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Brahmins" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Brahmins">Brahmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chunaru" title="Chunaru">Chunaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doms" class="mw-redirect" title="Doms">Dom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhabanik" title="Gandhabanik">Gandhabanik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suvarna_Banik" title="Suvarna Banik">Suvarna Banik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_caste" title="Hari caste">Hari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalia_Kaibarta" title="Jalia Kaibarta"> Kaibartya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansabanik" title="Kansabanik">Kansabanik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karmakar" title="Karmakar">Karmakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Kayastha" title="Bengali Kayastha">Kayastha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kulin_Kayastha" title="Kulin Kayastha">Kulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maulika_Kayastha" title="Maulika Kayastha">Maulika</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahishya" title="Mahishya">Mahishya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal_(caste)" title="Mal (caste)">Malla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namasudra" title="Namasudra">Namasudra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Namasudra" title="Namasudra">Namassej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namasudra" title="Namasudra">Avarna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadgop" title="Sadgop">Sadgop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shunri" title="Shunri">Shunri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogi_Nath" title="Yogi Nath">Yogi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg/100px-Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg/150px-Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg/200px-Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="942" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devi_Mahatmya" title="Devi Mahatmya">Chandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchali_(narrative_form)" title="Panchali (narrative form)">Panchali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namassejsantokotha" title="Namassejsantokotha">Matuasmritokotha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Sects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmo" title="Brahmo">Brahmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartabhaja" title="Kartabhaja">Kartabhaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaiva">Shaiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakta" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakta">Shakta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaishnava">Vaishnava</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Orders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Brahmo_Samaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Adi Brahmo Samaj">Adi Brahmo Samaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananda_Marga" title="Ananda Marga">Ananda Marga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Sevashram_Sangha" title="Bharat Sevashram Sangha">Bharat Sevashram Sangha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmo_Conference_Organisation" title="Brahmo Conference Organisation">Brahmo Conference Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmo_Samaj" title="Brahmo Samaj">Brahmo Samaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Math" title="Gaudiya Math">Gaudiya Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Mission" title="Gaudiya Mission">Gaudiya Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness" title="International Society for Krishna Consciousness">International Society for Krishna Consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matua_Mahasangha" title="Matua Mahasangha">Matua Mahasangha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna_Order" title="Ramakrishna Order">Ramakrishna Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Realization_Fellowship" title="Self-Realization Fellowship">Self-Realization Fellowship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo_Ashram" title="Sri Aurobindo Ashram">Sri Aurobindo Ashram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta_Society" title="Vedanta Society">Vedanta Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogoda_Satsanga_Society_of_India" title="Yogoda Satsanga Society of India">Yogoda Satsanga Society of India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poila_Baisakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Poila Baisakh">Poila Baisakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Jayanti" title="Rabindra Jayanti">Rabindra Jayanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akshaya_Tritiya" title="Akshaya Tritiya">Akshaya Tritiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesak" title="Vesak">Buddho Purnima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashthi#Worship" title="Shashthi">Shashthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savitri_Brata" class="mw-redirect" title="Savitri Brata">Savitri Brata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambubachi_Mela" title="Ambubachi Mela">Ambubachi Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhamrai_Jagannath_Roth" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhamrai Jagannath Roth">Dhamrai Jagannath Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Jhulan Purnima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janmashtami" class="mw-redirect" title="Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadu_(festival)" title="Bhadu (festival)">Bhadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Chaturthi" title="Ganesh Chaturthi">Ganesh Chaturthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishwakarma_Puja" class="mw-redirect" title="Vishwakarma Puja">Vishwakarma Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kojagari_Lakshmi_Puja" class="mw-redirect" title="Kojagari Lakshmi Puja">Lakshmi Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Puja" title="Kali Puja">Kali Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Phonta" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhai Phonta">Bhai Phonta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakta_Rash" title="Shakta Rash">Shakta Rash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabanna" title="Nabanna">Nabanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagaddhatri" title="Jagaddhatri">Jagaddhatri Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpataru_Day" title="Kalpataru Day">Kalpataru Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Youth_Day_(India)" title="National Youth Day (India)">Swami Vivekananda's Birthday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghotsab_of_Brahma_Samaj" title="Maghotsab of Brahma Samaj">Maghotsab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasant_Panchami" title="Vasant Panchami">Saraswati Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Maha Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dol_Purnima" title="Dol Purnima">Dol Purnima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dola_Yatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Dola Yatra">Holi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajan_(festival)" title="Gajan (festival)">Gajan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Sangeet" title="Rabindra Sangeet">Rabindra Sangeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyama_Sangeet" title="Shyama Sangeet">Shyama Sangeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kirtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishnupur_gharana" title="Bishnupur gharana">Bishnupur gharana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Dance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Nritya" title="Gaudiya Nritya">Gaudiya Nritya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Nritya_Natya" title="Rabindra Nritya Natya">Rabindra Nritya Natya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava_Padavali" title="Vaishnava Padavali">Vaishnava Padavali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal-Kavya" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangal-Kavya">Mangal-Kavya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchali_(narrative_form)" title="Panchali (narrative form)"> Panchali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallol" title="Kallol">Kallol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungry_generation" title="Hungry generation">Hungry generation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;width:1%">Folk culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Folk art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhokra" title="Dhokra">Dhokra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sholapith" title="Sholapith">Sholapith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Folk dance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raibenshe" title="Raibenshe">Raibenshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhau_dance" title="Chhau dance">Chhau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paika" title="Paika">Paika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhamail" title="Dhamail">Dhamail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alkap" title="Alkap">Alkap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gombhira" title="Gombhira">Gombhira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavigan" title="Kavigan">Kavigan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Hindu_mythology_and_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Hindu mythology and culture">Bengali Hindu mythology and culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Hindu_diaspora" title="Bengali Hindu diaspora">Bengali Hindu diaspora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Scheduled_Castes_in_West_Bengal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#7FFF00;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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Bengal</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagdi_caste" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagdi caste">Bagdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauris" class="mw-redirect" title="Bauris">Bauri</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_caste" title="Hari caste">Hari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalia_Kaibarta" title="Jalia Kaibarta">Jalia Kaibartta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muchis" title="Muchis">Muchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namasudra" title="Namasudra">Namasudra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koch_Rajbongshi_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Koch Rajbongshi people">Koch Rajbongshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shunri" title="Shunri">Shunri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: 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