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An instrumental marketing research has been conducted, based on a survey using a questionnaire distributed to a representative sample, the evaluation being achieved in all counties in Romania. The obtained results have highlighted the main causes of the irrational use of antibiotics: their administration in conditions that don\u0026amp;#39;t require such a treatment, population\u0026amp;#39;s inability to clearly and accurately associate the antibiotic with the affections that it treats, sometimes the insufficient counselling provided by physicians and pharmacists regarding the posology and the risks of antibiotics consumption, and getting antibiotics from community pharmacies, in some cases, without presenting a medical prescription. In order to educate the population, an original, interactive and suggestive booklet has been accomplished, to correctly inform patients about antibiotics and the treated diseases, so they would understand the risks implied by the irrational use of antibiotics. The study results have indicated a series of problems related to the antibiotics\u0026amp;#39; use in Romania. It is very important to be aware of the risks associated with an irrational consumption of antibiotics, which is the main factor of the emergence of the bacterial resistance. One proposed solution has aimed to inform the public including through the elaboration and dissemination of concludent informative materials. Rezumat Obiectivele cercetării au constat în analizarea profilului consumatorului de antibiotice din România, a cauzelor şi riscurilor aferente utilizării iraționale de antibiotice, a modului de procurare a acestora din farmaciile comunitare din țară, precum şi propunerea unei modalităţi de informare corectă şi eficientă a populaţiei privind riscurile consumului iraţional de antibiotice. S-a realizat o cercetare de marketing instrumentală, având la bază o anchetă efectuată cu ajutorul unui chestionar distribuit unui eşantion reprezentativ, cadrul de selecţie fiind la nivelul tuturor judeţelor din România. Rezultatele obținute au reliefat că principalele cauze ale consumului irațional de antibiotice sunt: administrarea lor în afecțiuni care nu necesită un astfel de tratament, incapacitatea populaţiei de a asocia clar şi corect termenul de antibiotic cu afecțiunile pe care acesta le tratează, uneori consilierea insuficientă oferită de medici și farmaciști privind posologia și riscurile aferente consumului de antibiotice, precum şi procurarea acestora din farmaciile comunitare, în unele cazuri, în lipsa prezentării unei prescripții medicale. În vederea educării populaţiei, s-a realizat o broşură originală, interactivă și sugestivă, care să ajute pacienții să înțeleagă ce este un antibiotic, care sunt afecțiunile pe care le tratează și să conștientizeze riscul la care se expun în urma consumului irațional de antibiotice. Rezultatele studiului au indicat o serie de probleme corelate cu utilizarea antibioticelor în România. Este foarte importantă conștientizarea riscurilor asociate consumului irațional de antibiotice, acesta reprezentând principalul factor al dezvoltării rezistenței bacteriene. O soluţie propusă vizează educarea populaţiei, inclusiv prin elaborarea şi distribuirea către pacienţi a unor materiale informative concludente.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Adina Turcu-Stiolica","url":"https://umfcv.academia.edu/AdinaTurcuStiolica"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2020-08-06","dateModified":"2020-08-06","datePublished":"2020-01-01","headline":"DECISION ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC USE","identifier":{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"DOI","value":"10.31925/farmacia.2020.4.24"},"image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64109215/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Antibiotics"],"publication":"Farmacia","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.31925/farmacia.2020.4.24","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"umfcv"}],"thumbnailUrl":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64109215/thumbnails/1.jpg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43793148/DECISION_ANALYSIS_OF_ANTIBIOTIC_USE"}</script><style type="text/css">@media(max-width: 567px){:root{--token-mode: Rebrand;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: 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window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":43793148,"created_at":"2020-08-06T00:20:15.933-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-13T20:24:06.084-08:00","_data":{"doi":"10.31925/farmacia.2020.4.24","issue":"4","volume":"68","abstract":"The research objectives have been analysing the profile of the antibiotics consumers in Romania, the causes and risks of the irrational use of antibiotics, the way of their purchasing from community pharmacies in the country and the proposal of a correct and efficient information modality of the population on the risks of irrational antibiotics consumption. An instrumental marketing research has been conducted, based on a survey using a questionnaire distributed to a representative sample, the evaluation being achieved in all counties in Romania. The obtained results have highlighted the main causes of the irrational use of antibiotics: their administration in conditions that don't require such a treatment, population's inability to clearly and accurately associate the antibiotic with the affections that it treats, sometimes the insufficient counselling provided by physicians and pharmacists regarding the posology and the risks of antibiotics consumption, and getting antibiotics from community pharmacies, in some cases, without presenting a medical prescription. In order to educate the population, an original, interactive and suggestive booklet has been accomplished, to correctly inform patients about antibiotics and the treated diseases, so they would understand the risks implied by the irrational use of antibiotics. The study results have indicated a series of problems related to the antibiotics' use in Romania. It is very important to be aware of the risks associated with an irrational consumption of antibiotics, which is the main factor of the emergence of the bacterial resistance. One proposed solution has aimed to inform the public including through the elaboration and dissemination of concludent informative materials. Rezumat Obiectivele cercetării au constat în analizarea profilului consumatorului de antibiotice din România, a cauzelor şi riscurilor aferente utilizării iraționale de antibiotice, a modului de procurare a acestora din farmaciile comunitare din țară, precum şi propunerea unei modalităţi de informare corectă şi eficientă a populaţiei privind riscurile consumului iraţional de antibiotice. S-a realizat o cercetare de marketing instrumentală, având la bază o anchetă efectuată cu ajutorul unui chestionar distribuit unui eşantion reprezentativ, cadrul de selecţie fiind la nivelul tuturor judeţelor din România. Rezultatele obținute au reliefat că principalele cauze ale consumului irațional de antibiotice sunt: administrarea lor în afecțiuni care nu necesită un astfel de tratament, incapacitatea populaţiei de a asocia clar şi corect termenul de antibiotic cu afecțiunile pe care acesta le tratează, uneori consilierea insuficientă oferită de medici și farmaciști privind posologia și riscurile aferente consumului de antibiotice, precum şi procurarea acestora din farmaciile comunitare, în unele cazuri, în lipsa prezentării unei prescripții medicale. În vederea educării populaţiei, s-a realizat o broşură originală, interactivă și sugestivă, care să ajute pacienții să înțeleagă ce este un antibiotic, care sunt afecțiunile pe care le tratează și să conștientizeze riscul la care se expun în urma consumului irațional de antibiotice. Rezultatele studiului au indicat o serie de probleme corelate cu utilizarea antibioticelor în România. Este foarte importantă conștientizarea riscurilor asociate consumului irațional de antibiotice, acesta reprezentând principalul factor al dezvoltării rezistenței bacteriene. O soluţie propusă vizează educarea populaţiei, inclusiv prin elaborarea şi distribuirea către pacienţi a unor materiale informative concludente.","page_numbers":"757-765","publication_date":"2020,,","publication_name":"Farmacia"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"DECISION ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC USE","broadcastable":true,"draft":false,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [27831239]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":64109215,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “DECISION ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC USE”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/64109215/mini_magick20200806-30733-v3q9ou.png?1596698501" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">DECISION ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC USE</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="27831239" href="https://umfcv.academia.edu/AdinaTurcuStiolica"><img alt="Profile image of Adina Turcu-Stiolica" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/27831239/7900628/30776355/s65_adina.turcu-stiolica.jpeg" />Adina Turcu-Stiolica</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2020, Farmacia</p><a class="js-loswp-work-card-doi-link ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://doi.org/10.31925/farmacia.2020.4.24" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.31925/farmacia.2020.4.24</a><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">9 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 43793148; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The research objectives have been analysing the profile of the antibiotics consumers in Romania, the causes and risks of the irrational use of antibiotics, the way of their purchasing from community pharmacies in the country and the proposal of a correct and efficient information modality of the population on the risks of irrational antibiotics consumption. An instrumental marketing research has been conducted, based on a survey using a questionnaire distributed to a representative sample, the evaluation being achieved in all counties in Romania. The obtained results have highlighted the main causes of the irrational use of antibiotics: their administration in conditions that don't require such a treatment, population's inability to clearly and accurately associate the antibiotic with the affections that it treats, sometimes the insufficient counselling provided by physicians and pharmacists regarding the posology and the risks of antibiotics consumption, and getting antibiotics from community pharmacies, in some cases, without presenting a medical prescription. In order to educate the population, an original, interactive and suggestive booklet has been accomplished, to correctly inform patients about antibiotics and the treated diseases, so they would understand the risks implied by the irrational use of antibiotics. The study results have indicated a series of problems related to the antibiotics' use in Romania. It is very important to be aware of the risks associated with an irrational consumption of antibiotics, which is the main factor of the emergence of the bacterial resistance. One proposed solution has aimed to inform the public including through the elaboration and dissemination of concludent informative materials. Rezumat Obiectivele cercetării au constat în analizarea profilului consumatorului de antibiotice din România, a cauzelor şi riscurilor aferente utilizării iraționale de antibiotice, a modului de procurare a acestora din farmaciile comunitare din țară, precum şi propunerea unei modalităţi de informare corectă şi eficientă a populaţiei privind riscurile consumului iraţional de antibiotice. S-a realizat o cercetare de marketing instrumentală, având la bază o anchetă efectuată cu ajutorul unui chestionar distribuit unui eşantion reprezentativ, cadrul de selecţie fiind la nivelul tuturor judeţelor din România. Rezultatele obținute au reliefat că principalele cauze ale consumului irațional de antibiotice sunt: administrarea lor în afecțiuni care nu necesită un astfel de tratament, incapacitatea populaţiei de a asocia clar şi corect termenul de antibiotic cu afecțiunile pe care acesta le tratează, uneori consilierea insuficientă oferită de medici și farmaciști privind posologia și riscurile aferente consumului de antibiotice, precum şi procurarea acestora din farmaciile comunitare, în unele cazuri, în lipsa prezentării unei prescripții medicale. În vederea educării populaţiei, s-a realizat o broşură originală, interactivă și sugestivă, care să ajute pacienții să înțeleagă ce este un antibiotic, care sunt afecțiunile pe care le tratează și să conștientizeze riscul la care se expun în urma consumului irațional de antibiotice. Rezultatele studiului au indicat o serie de probleme corelate cu utilizarea antibioticelor în România. Este foarte importantă conștientizarea riscurilor asociate consumului irațional de antibiotice, acesta reprezentând principalul factor al dezvoltării rezistenței bacteriene. O soluţie propusă vizează educarea populaţiei, inclusiv prin elaborarea şi distribuirea către pacienţi a unor materiale informative concludente.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":64109215,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/43793148/DECISION_ANALYSIS_OF_ANTIBIOTIC_USE"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":64109215,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/43793148/DECISION_ANALYSIS_OF_ANTIBIOTIC_USE"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 18 for Microsoft Windows. Response frequencies for the survey questions were determined and displayed in graph and tabular formats. Sample profile The total sample reached 500 respondents from 4 Romanian counties in the West region (Arad, Timiș, Caraș-Severin and Hunedoara). There were more male respondents in the sample (58.1% compared to 41.9%). Two thirds of them were living in urban areas (68.5%). Half of the respondents were in the age group 35-54, and one third had university studies Measurements The study used the instrument proposed by WHO [9]. The translated version of questionnaire included 30 questions grouped in three dimensions: use of antibiotics, knowledge about antibiotics, and knowledge about antibiotics resistance. Additional information was gathered on gender (male/female), residency (urban/rural), age (16-24, 25-34, 45-54, 55-64, 65+), and education (basic, highschool, higher).</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Knowledge and Behaviors Regarding the Use of Antibiotics: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey in Romania","attachmentId":94625025,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/91299294/Knowledge_and_Behaviors_Regarding_the_Use_of_Antibiotics_A_Descriptive_Cross_Sectional_Survey_in_Romania","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/91299294/Knowledge_and_Behaviors_Regarding_the_Use_of_Antibiotics_A_Descriptive_Cross_Sectional_Survey_in_Romania"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="47304347" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47304347/Is_the_level_of_knowledge_a_predictor_of_rational_antibiotic_use_in_Serbia">Is the level of knowledge a predictor of rational antibiotic use in Serbia?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35436817" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SaboAna">Ana Sabo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">PLOS ONE</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and behavior regarding antibiotics of the general population.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Is the level of knowledge a predictor of rational antibiotic use in Serbia?","attachmentId":66467350,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/47304347/Is_the_level_of_knowledge_a_predictor_of_rational_antibiotic_use_in_Serbia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/47304347/Is_the_level_of_knowledge_a_predictor_of_rational_antibiotic_use_in_Serbia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="76515135" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76515135/Evaluation_of_antibiotics_dispensing_profile_in_Tubar%C3%A3o_Santa">Evaluation of antibiotics dispensing profile in Tubarão, Santa</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44298676" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnnaPaulaPiovezan">Anna Paula Piovezan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Antibiotics are drugs widely used in prophylaxis and treatment of a great number of diseases. However, their use must be carefully controlled as acquisition in pharmacies, often without medical prescription, is elevated. The role of pharmacists in these circumstances is to practice dispensation in a rational manner. Through a structured questionnaire with open and closed questions, this study investigated the profile of antibiotics dispensed in pharmacies of Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil. From the responses, it was observed that 85.0% dispense this class of medicine without medical prescription, mainly for treatment of respiratory (62.8%) and urinary (12.0%) tract disorders. Moreover, pharmacists' guidance was largely focused on posology (66.6%) and drug interaction (12.6%), in addition to the interactions with contraceptives, alcohol and milk. The importance of avoiding antibiotics dispensation without medical prescription must be emphasized, as well as the benefits of educating the population to promote the rational use of medicines. Uniterms: Pharmacy/medicines control. Antibiotics/dispensation profile. Antibiotics/rational use. Antibióticos são fármacos amplamente utilizados na profilaxia e no tratamento de grande número de doenças. Entretanto, seu uso deve ser cuidadosamente controlado nas farmácias, uma vez que nestas a aquisição sem prescrição médica é elevada. O papel dos farmacêuticos nessas circunstâncias é o de praticar a dispensação de maneira racional. Por meio de questionário estruturado, com questões abertas e fechadas, investigou-se o perfil dos antibióticos dispensados em farmácias de Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Pelas respostas, observou-se que 85% das dispensa essa classe de medicamentos sem prescrição médica, principalmente para o tratamento de problemas dos tratos respiratório (62,8%) e urinário (12,0%). Além disso, a orientação dos farmacêuticos se focou amplamente na posologia (66,6%)e nas interações com fármacos (12,6%), em adição às interações com anticoncepcionais, álcool e leite. A importância de se proibir a dispensação sem prescrição médica deve ser enfatizada, assim como os benefícios da educação da população para promover o uso racional de medicamentos. Unitermos: Farmácia/controle de medicamentos. Antibióticos/perfil de dispensação. Medicamentos/ uso racional.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Evaluation of antibiotics dispensing profile in Tubarão, Santa","attachmentId":84200417,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/76515135/Evaluation_of_antibiotics_dispensing_profile_in_Tubar%C3%A3o_Santa","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/76515135/Evaluation_of_antibiotics_dispensing_profile_in_Tubar%C3%A3o_Santa"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="13791072" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13791072/Public_Knowledge_Attitudes_and_Experience_Regarding_the_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Italy">Public Knowledge, Attitudes, and Experience Regarding the Use of Antibiotics in Italy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32895345" href="https://unina2.academia.edu/GabriellaDiGiuseppe">Gabriella Di Giuseppe</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">PLoS ONE, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background: The objectives of the study were to investigate the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding antibiotics of the general population in Italy, and to assess the correlates of these outcomes of interest.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Public Knowledge, Attitudes, and Experience Regarding the Use of Antibiotics in Italy","attachmentId":44945303,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/13791072/Public_Knowledge_Attitudes_and_Experience_Regarding_the_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Italy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/13791072/Public_Knowledge_Attitudes_and_Experience_Regarding_the_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Italy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="49985246" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49985246/Impacto_de_un_programa_para_reducir_la_dispensaci%C3%B3n_de_antibi%C3%B3ticos_sin_receta_en_Espa%C3%B1a">Impacto de un programa para reducir la dispensación de antibióticos sin receta en España</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39840992" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MiguelGastelurrutia">Miguel Gastelurrutia</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Pharmacy Practice, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background: In 1999, the Pharmacists Association of Gipuzkoa, a Spanish province with a population of 700,000, initiated a campaign to reduce the common practice in community pharmacies of dispensing antibiotics without prescription. Objective: The study was designed to assess the ongoing effectiveness of this program in reducing nonprescription dispensing of antibiotics. Methods: In March 2009, 2 young women posed as simulated patients and visited each of the 280 operating community pharmacies in Gipuzkoa. In 139 of these pharmacies, randomly selected, the simulated patients feigned the symptoms of an uncomplicated urinary tract infection and requested an unspecified antibiotic. In the remaining 141, the actress requested a specific antibiotic, only describing her symptoms upon request by the dispensing staff. The rate of nonprescription dispensing had previously been estimated at 70.5% in 2000 and 42.2% in 2004. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed, based on a number of variables related to the pharmacy and staff. Results: In the current study, antibiotics were dispensed without prescription by 49 of 280 pharmacies (17.5%). The product-and symptombased scenarios had similar rates of 16.3% and 18.7%, respectively. The only variables which appeared to affect the nonprescription dispensing rate were the gender of the dispenser, being males more likely to dispense (OR=3.135, 95%CI [1.286, 7.646]), and the number of previous antibioticawareness campaigns in which the pharmacy had participated (OR=1.057, 95% CI [1.008, 1.107]). The community population, its number of pharmacies, the years in business of each pharmacy, or its revenue, did not appear to influence the nonprescription dispensing rate.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Impacto de un programa para reducir la dispensación de antibióticos sin receta en España","attachmentId":68139272,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/49985246/Impacto_de_un_programa_para_reducir_la_dispensaci%C3%B3n_de_antibi%C3%B3ticos_sin_receta_en_Espa%C3%B1a","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49985246/Impacto_de_un_programa_para_reducir_la_dispensaci%C3%B3n_de_antibi%C3%B3ticos_sin_receta_en_Espa%C3%B1a"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="98400693" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/98400693/Analysis_of_the_problems_of_the_rational_use_of_antibacterial_drugs_in_Ukraine">Analysis of the problems of the rational use of antibacterial drugs in Ukraine</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="213850035" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IrinaZhirova">Irina Zhirova</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Socìalʹna farmacìâ v ohoronì zdorov'â, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Analysis of the problems of the rational use of antibacterial drugs in Ukraine Aim. To analyze the current situation with the antibacterial drugs turnover, as well as to develop effective ways to solve the problem of growing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics, including determination of the active role of a pharmacist in this process. Materials and methods. The analysis of the current situation in the domestic system of pharmaceutical supply of the population was carried out on the basis of a survey of pharmaceutical specialists directly involved in the process of dispensing antibacterial drugs from pharmacies in the outpatient setting. In accordance with the aim of the study a questionnaire was developed for interviewing pharmaceutical specialists. The questionnaire included the aim and objectives of the survey. During the survey, the confidential terms of use of the information received were notified. The required size of the respondent sample was calculated taking into account the expected reliability of the results obtained. The questionnaire proposed included closed questions that provided data on the state of the problem of the rational dispensing of antibacterial drugs, as well as open-ended questions revealing the individual attitude of the respondents to the problems of the rational drug consumption from the pharmacotherapeutic group indicated. The questions contained in the questionnaire were divided into two groups: the basic ones allowing us to obtain the necessary information from the respondent and the control ones indirectly confirming the accuracy of answers to basic questions and allowing exclusion of unclear answers. Results. The article presents the results of a survey of pharmaceutical specialists on the problem of the rational supply and consumption of antibacterial drugs and the assessment of their role in organization of an effective prescription model for this group of drugs in Ukraine. It has been determined that a significant majority of respondents consider it necessity to sell antibacterial drugs strictly by prescriptions (90.42 %), but, in practice, approximately the same number of respondents (90.73 %) still dispenses antibacterial drugs without a prescription: "Sometimes" (67.73 %) or "Always" (23.0 %). Respondents consider as important measure to implement a set of measures to disseminate knowledge about the rationality of using antibiotics (84.98 %) through the pharmacy network. At the same time, a large majority of respondents (90.10 %) transfer responsibility for the proper consumption of antibacterial drugs onto doctors. According to the opinion of the respondents (42.49 %), the development of an appropriate target program with the involvement of pharmacists and doctors should be the main direction of implementing the strategy of the rational use of antibacterial drugs in Ukraine. Among the factors contributing to the unsystematic use of antibacterial drugs, the leading position by the number of respondents were such answer options as "Thoughtless self-medication of the population" (79.23 %), "Violation of prescription dispensing" (62.62 %) and "Availability of antibiotics in the pharmacy" (47.92 %). Conclusions. According to the results of the study it has been found that the complexity and controversial nature of the problem of the rational consumption of antibacterial drugs in Ukraine requires a comprehensive solution involving all subjects of the pharmaceutical supply system of the population.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Analysis of the problems of the rational use of antibacterial drugs in Ukraine","attachmentId":99762099,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/98400693/Analysis_of_the_problems_of_the_rational_use_of_antibacterial_drugs_in_Ukraine","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/98400693/Analysis_of_the_problems_of_the_rational_use_of_antibacterial_drugs_in_Ukraine"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="90905507" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/90905507/Seguran%C3%A7a_do_paciente_na_administra%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_antibioticoterapia_em_UTI_Adulto_Reconhecendo_as_condi%C3%A7%C3%B5es_geradoras_de_risco">Segurança do paciente na administração da antibioticoterapia em UTI Adulto: Reconhecendo as condições geradoras de risco</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="54402022" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JanineKoepp">Janine Koepp</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Revista Enfermagem Atual In Derme</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Objetivo: Reconhecer as condições geradoras de risco para a segurança do paciente em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto (UTI – A) no processo de administração de antibióticos. Metodologia: estudo observacional descritivo realizado em uma UTI - A, no Rio Grande do Sul. Participaram do estudo dezessete técnicos de enfermagem que prestavam assistência aos pacientes no período de coleta de dados de abril a outubro de 2020, por meio de observação direta da administração de antibióticos. Utilizou-se o instrumento ASPAM - Avaliação da Segurança do Paciente na Administração de Medicamentos para coleta de dados, que avaliou os nove domínios da administração segura de medicação. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, sendo que as variáveis contínuas foram representadas por média e desvio padrão ou mediana e intervalo interquartílico (IIQ) e as categóricas por frequência relativa e absoluta. Principais resultados: Identificou-se baixa adesão aos cuidados na utilizaç...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Segurança do paciente na administração da antibioticoterapia em UTI Adulto: Reconhecendo as condições geradoras de risco","attachmentId":94339143,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90905507/Seguran%C3%A7a_do_paciente_na_administra%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_antibioticoterapia_em_UTI_Adulto_Reconhecendo_as_condi%C3%A7%C3%B5es_geradoras_de_risco","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/90905507/Seguran%C3%A7a_do_paciente_na_administra%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_antibioticoterapia_em_UTI_Adulto_Reconhecendo_as_condi%C3%A7%C3%B5es_geradoras_de_risco"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="94456231" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/94456231/THE_USE_OF_ANTIMICROBIALS_KNOWLEDGE_AND_PERCEPTION_OF_THE_POPULATION_OF_A_REGION_IN_THE_STATE_OF_SANTA_CATARINA_SOUTHERN_BRAZIL_Atena_Editora_">THE USE OF ANTIMICROBIALS: KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION OF THE POPULATION OF A REGION IN THE STATE OF SANTA CATARINA, SOUTHERN BRAZIL (Atena Editora)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="181069810" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NataliaOliveira226">Atena Editora</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">THE USE OF ANTIMICROBIALS: KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION OF THE POPULATION OF A REGION IN THE STATE OF SANTA CATARINA, SOUTHERN BRAZIL (Atena Editora), 2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The problem of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms has rapidly affected the whole world, as the ineffectiveness of these medications makes it difficult to control infections. In addition to the correct selection and dosage of antibiotics, it is very important that the patient is aware of the need to fully comply with the prescribed treatment, time required, correct dosages and schedules and not to use agents that interfere with the treatment. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the perception and attitudes of a population in the extreme west of Santa Catarina regarding the use of antimicrobials. 503 questionnaires with open and closed questions were applied in several cities in the Far West of Santa Catarina, for the older population, of both sexes and residents of rural and urban areas. The results showed that 62% of respondents have already purchased antibiotics without a prescription, with 7% indicating that this happens frequently. It was observed that 84% of respondents received pharmacological instructions and that they used antimicrobials until the end of treatment. 76% of people use antimicrobials only when prescribed by a doctor. Of the farmers, 33% use antimicrobials on their properties, whether in crops or to treat their animals. On the other hand, 28% of the population would be in favor of an antimicrobial over-the-counter law without a prescription. The results allow us to conclude that although most people are aware of the problems that the incorrect use of antibiotics can cause, the use of this pharmacological class is still a problem and a good portion of the interviewees have limited knowledge and information.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"THE USE OF ANTIMICROBIALS: KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION OF THE POPULATION OF A REGION IN THE STATE OF SANTA CATARINA, SOUTHERN BRAZIL (Atena Editora)","attachmentId":96907424,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/94456231/THE_USE_OF_ANTIMICROBIALS_KNOWLEDGE_AND_PERCEPTION_OF_THE_POPULATION_OF_A_REGION_IN_THE_STATE_OF_SANTA_CATARINA_SOUTHERN_BRAZIL_Atena_Editora_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/94456231/THE_USE_OF_ANTIMICROBIALS_KNOWLEDGE_AND_PERCEPTION_OF_THE_POPULATION_OF_A_REGION_IN_THE_STATE_OF_SANTA_CATARINA_SOUTHERN_BRAZIL_Atena_Editora_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="48058038" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48058038/The_knowledge_attitude_and_the_perception_of_prescribers_on_the_rational_use_of_antibiotics_and_the_need_for_an_antibiotic_policy_a_cross_sectional_survey_in_a_tertiary_care_hospital">The knowledge, attitude and the perception of prescribers on the rational use of antibiotics and the need for an antibiotic policy-a cross sectional survey in a tertiary care hospital</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="13034797" href="https://kuhs.academia.edu/AmbiliRemesh">Ambili Remesh</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Antibiotics are prescribed frequently and there is always an overuse with a risk of resistance and increasing costs. Rational drug prescribing is essential for minimizing the health care costs and for reducing the resistance. The implementation of a strict antibiotic policy by all the health care institutes is being made mandatory nowadays. An improving awareness among the prescribers which can be created through educational interventions, can promote the rational use of antibiotics. Hence, we considered it worthwhile to study the knowledge, attitude and the perception of the practitioners towards a rational antibiotic use. All the registered practitioners who were working in the hospital setting and were willing to give written informed consents, were enrolled in the study. All the participants who were enrolled in the study during a one month period, had to fill up a predesigned, structured and validated questionnaire which was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and the percep...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The knowledge, attitude and the perception of prescribers on the rational use of antibiotics and the need for an antibiotic policy-a cross sectional survey in a tertiary care hospital","attachmentId":66867350,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/48058038/The_knowledge_attitude_and_the_perception_of_prescribers_on_the_rational_use_of_antibiotics_and_the_need_for_an_antibiotic_policy_a_cross_sectional_survey_in_a_tertiary_care_hospital","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/48058038/The_knowledge_attitude_and_the_perception_of_prescribers_on_the_rational_use_of_antibiotics_and_the_need_for_an_antibiotic_policy_a_cross_sectional_survey_in_a_tertiary_care_hospital"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="124428330" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/124428330/Beliefs_and_Attitudes_of_Brazilian_Patients_regarding_Antibiotics_use">Beliefs and Attitudes of Brazilian Patients regarding Antibiotics use</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="323328876" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DelFiolFernando">Fernando Del Fiol</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">ABSTRACT Plan: In order to gather information on the behavior and perceptions on the use of antibiotics by the population of a Brazilian city. Methodology: Appropriate treatment of infectious diseases requires: a correct diagnosis, the exact choice of the drug, and especially that the patient use the antibiotic properly. The present study searched for information on the behavior and beliefs of Brazilian patients regarding the use of antibiotics. The study interviewed 385 patients who were treated with these drugs. Outcome: The results showed a misinformed public with false beliefs, including that antibiotic use can improve conditions such as colds and flu. Educational campaigns should be directed to those populations by improving health education, increasing patients&#39; compliance to treatments. Key words: beliefs, attitude, antibiotic use</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Beliefs and Attitudes of Brazilian Patients regarding Antibiotics use","attachmentId":118664172,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124428330/Beliefs_and_Attitudes_of_Brazilian_Patients_regarding_Antibiotics_use","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/124428330/Beliefs_and_Attitudes_of_Brazilian_Patients_regarding_Antibiotics_use"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":64109215,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":64109215,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_64109215" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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