CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913510f2692cfd98',cH: 'xnM65LlgPR_9l8MQDl3.1OSE2Qwt8cObEAT0k.nMvV8-1739787850-1.2.1.1-CJBksGaspMf_BMrGojV6x2YsPChL.8iUzFQIVeClS_c5cznD_O5pnGRe3I2o_hsU',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Ning%20Kang&__cf_chl_tk=l74Tjpt.pcC93wuZ2pVrtrgBIpgwd_mj_yBX_9XPC1k-1739787850-1.0.1.1-4VGT9MD6__11XxAnn3NGbTmTQRKLK6GmHJRcYXL7TH0",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739787850',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Ning%20Kang&__cf_chl_f_tk=l74Tjpt.pcC93wuZ2pVrtrgBIpgwd_mj_yBX_9XPC1k-1739787850-1.0.1.1-4VGT9MD6__11XxAnn3NGbTmTQRKLK6GmHJRcYXL7TH0",md: "OE.k2n42ncr1cekBgiVOL5UeahYFaxu0TFZ_5aFvE3Y-1739787850-1.2.1.1-dWuioln3xRIW.Iij.5Bqr93l.1ENdmr0TKK3_5ZmaIlO__CtuIVDQl5VBUY8Q4nyXX6TLzvwV0DNGUaHmK3zXHc57xkBoB9Qg2bAvEruu.RNE6_jvOz0FLldPMvoxqbyWO8SxLzd1mJJHu43ZbINhbP4wejoW5AJFGmO8uSKHdfJuEUE1BgfHhN4lTDkCxGaj6l_ocYsr6KA62Q3qZ.aRaGC0wK7rutFcslIvQMWl7NcyiQrHlidgPVwOOQjwBx5VTQuCAa4yYE.mAR6Zt8EY1VrgkAsvFqHg2oe0FW6IOAZjCfeKiCsS6CVIRSHYbM2pbRTmH1f0psTEG7t_E1njvDKR_h.krQcd2TwZ8uGItC8pXSF.6hPXhMCKDr83XFAKSlc7wdN0AOD4hHvoDE9w_cOiVuLLiwyTW93RjcWIdR2wHWGDbFwCcjER_dcwf8QNMyECyFwwoct4B3x1eHB33u7GsoupuYtTj0o9a90E1zMWSMe2dSpQgNj8iSOaqDPT5bxonz8r4SWE3QQDI2q8OgZXLdZHj87KnFQ0e_EBc8l99Ze4D8G.YEPzmSqTMEN_rV.Dwdzx5FaM7c3S3P9vtUBGLbUtPCxLkANgaDeWGoyAXVOhtwzRxKBjycHOerfoD3RitMVHw35eViVYVMMPCcpcTKZH.otvGDNai7hONY9MFHjNTmGGv8mn1YbB7XZ_c0dQmZJhE2BpqwkYAG4YbTYSIqDL.I0tpOR7Tr7MVq_Vz3I62XAenr1nNKRFkDRpm0VdvY61Jv8pUhVFISC95HPYOTfPfxFWwODDUYFQ9EYeRiLcDnpUTppodQFBzNy_nPK6GKWJv7CM0SlyUi7HGpvLu4NXQafoEE7yz17rnX4T_U5C1bqGIXR.oKG8T.Re6dfupeJBHsVeTuQDe_f8KBz3Cxjf18U65GhnK731EKgnrFWilmLgbb9WuNkeQChQQCF5c8sRlGSV_n31vHYSiQnAyanGHTIPNK2RoOmTptgA7miUkUkPeOObdis6PDxFjBRHeMeVZzInMMBQLwY8ov__sYUVab7.RqMOrdYVAcuwajMpLRMXn874UKNybOGVsgVliVJoKuIPHhdzm6EAM.Hlz27jMhIPKPVLIib9oig8TF88L0fjph7Lx9es6AwnyGU18CKFSnP4l76ysEYlk0ofpU73UC_ZXAO7E_xJLsIboMEg4CRGpYYE_xrLvogLj_5soqbm4npJ0OSWP6lghTNgAOi3JE48GmQAqq_OGbTINWCMNGqJAdexJFsswo1jPqWhB9PizSUqtjv.H6_wm1NGXbEy4JrxfBfFCIDmBfjpgC2zDi067rou4imI9pWoZMK.d_.MEuFAIlvrovT.RYQ9mU7k6tkzu4Im91_FsAoB2aPGmB_dHqHPUR8fmKp5otfv41pUQ16Tykv6mR_bg_mOcmeNwKgTidimH2O9oN9ISKgfyH35EHdvkdXvcb6DC6FVyneywfTy78WMNtcIuxAoCr0PWzGm9RUmQLuFRuuy1d_N63hqtb._bjgvsdYGHmZonT4UpEcvLEf.yCkiwrCVTFf3fjRWOvFLF7kwwLvZyslkDSUrdG2NiCg0MwyXH20Hf7PKabx.9O9E7WeMWlMmPnOwrjRsCYJgjxUmbImjlZbOCxLFxpap2a0yYubdtkPB8ClbG6n.KnvAh.zJk8D5Tr0R1Irk2VJKX5ghz9G9cQHEPTAtLSOzj_wT2notRXYHv7KOmrDqYW4.9h1wscNBOx5Mw5g3lkUmCaJJTqeD8r4bGMpdgHGoym9CLfNlxvR9izGqS7Qzj3PXQ_nti2j8xkPOBwBgvRKuH6nM3iTYZoX2saBGton7EDSZ02M6fPJVqtsDr0yVNSMMmASbK4Ng7du8IeCwjqJXruNx5BQdnKF4LaOeTVpx2W8aUsQSjSRNlZlVCXP9vff282wDg",mdrd: "BENZ9c5r6uiLn3.ZjOrGPr8paNSh8j2J4qmFJpJGAoc-1739787850-1.2.1.1-3J.aXJvBHG3E47U4s2MHBEo4_7IQ97jO1YtulUmnK29kGmEhf28wsInJbDL7AHXM0eNaohc_kaIXJhcimAseA1fzJgBW9.wM9a_QH1LMWbTNRgZRtBwYwgnWLUop5pLtd1WXNEqrZxrhY8O0GKPmuyTp3K7C.bBw39m3V9Kq5LJFtgb.elWNp9BGnBGSLxwGlsCwEFcRUhef4HvwzdXncSZybhH2RJr4fA3G1UFeTKbxh6AjuWyKOL5iXTMeW3_j4yB_wSEFT.5BcviJwWq9HRD0dDdIwQ52.s36oQ2JgUXSYhA7UU_KmbWGlTUdg6kRW9Xh6YNTFrNX_qrAzVWoSu1hlKN44XoKGdfr_nHRxiZlL8_yf_7ULUZuDN.LDsgeFKgVjTNhMHUaF6Xd7vNqDi2bmeo5mO.TGQBNHgN61lh42hSQk.ug7TmFHxdMV207ttEUYRBcvRBd4me7bCj8BSwZCv8GJ0mtUSvz6A9PiRsKTCWwZLGTymbsAEfnpFOGTJL3KepSC3eux56pFSaggrO2pa9PjQHkHxdIwBbbTXF4yE3a7il2IOh9VRTSGvOVKjr2bSktuZeDB3j3LXG5AFF5OOKTZJ1xNhcYHbW5PVfZ1Wr1Cm8TuRf_jllEqKiYLzZuvVbkxzpZJWJGp_q2AbvPA4HEpovjJbQc3sDV1ihJ3n._aO0pitUCel6cfKcarQzzGwguzxbYFZBc2ZnA6Rk2fja46FNUZqjzBCoqv4kXNaKcQf.oe.KPtIw.YZJT_yfmj3gv01E1qQndxdgSfCptwXjbhi1vRM0eksx2gnungZzs4EDBwCNdKMWAOzwVF4OMLkcp9ftBSthinS8DVN8b.BTNfuPR1NukC1IbtpS28oLTciBIkHsGeym8UFmG9xOL.PXFBUF7p0yATi2xZuP54HZyRZCiaikEmRCHMuSQ1VvNYVICOAm6BF7c3KQREoQYEc_b4YWgg31lP9fFPpy.TGKoM_nRS_nWx5Z4pb00mQtnrmK.qtVPoC7MqLKUMw9JDdzYk3Dw.PZ0ZZ5.fGsjeE2590aieXVgFE34T5jy0OUQHEDSjdxIlMm.ybc7HY7NaUunNdKvsx_4VnsMGXXZwL57O8NaZxlPdVjmqVGPSLhae3FVrX8ENt2p6pWnOMLeRydue0xOdJ2B0ZNYswejv3XZGlrb8RfhbcoJZBlkYTU40fADAXt3V4Udd3RpK9VEYKluxhTcLUCjPkFolVZ49JZlfGqshRx1RUDgWoX4G18QP7f2LQXt30QB81Q0rsjB_uEx5FqtmlwoMynlKXBVRJaFVwDl_gJbXjIiRwUDrMTnEdEjaUABG4k07bADXhliiFSZn2FXLPVOLOt4Xj8L7d74zNsT5ul6_hzsfGOknLDMRotDlVlg6OB1W6RiPCe0LBc8TmpcKDyvwbV7mLuuFdrRyXgOvc0SMpx6esm9oH75yfo8KPUHNJxFpqwPR5EiAHPzm8femIbw2o51fsJKM7vOC3zFogX5L7jR57bXlnIprOvmNOvBlatLI39kVPFybzGsEihZfv4HzPF_h2T5IPM6K5sk8NFH_Ah.QGmN7aEb9dxf1XABGqB0tg248kXuWZOqBlEpiRkqVKfQSm06R8UHsGm5UipVB5OTHDX36ekxyv8Ono5ceZ4hoOw20thocd0tWi2PELRJ9e_Bv2O6PFdwDc_W1vrqrWOGHKHcZ.IfdgAjibtmxXCOSOML7OXaSoq5m9pyvq9mZeq6IvDl3KjNpP8Fjuu4hnevEOlg3QjNxbK7r24WgWTHtZrDjycHM96.HF2ZOMnuSwF8C7H2bIxYny2UBJmN2vAnT8eMtwgEhKoLOHtZxzzA3GNFS.6VVA0NXf9vV9J1dOyp72zOILUlP_ukK_VOEW3C0qk7sDJUXRzVbV9xnPPMq1GhNDnobm03xNrWQ_pSRTpE.ikBzEavHtVfowcrdIX45uqMNah4beAX1.XKefvPNWCy"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913510f2692cfd98';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Ning%20Kang&__cf_chl_rt_tk=l74Tjpt.pcC93wuZ2pVrtrgBIpgwd_mj_yBX_9XPC1k-1739787850-1.0.1.1-4VGT9MD6__11XxAnn3NGbTmTQRKLK6GmHJRcYXL7TH0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>