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Havebla en 34 lingvo" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 lingvoj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiese_termodinamika" title="Chemiese termodinamika — afrikansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Chemiese termodinamika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ترموديناميكا كيميائية — araba" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ترموديناميكا كيميائية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimy%C9%99vi_termodinamika" title="Kimyəvi termodinamika — azerbajĝana" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kimyəvi termodinamika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajĝana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Хімічная тэрмадынаміка — belorusa" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хімічная тэрмадынаміка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belorusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Химическа термодинамика — bulgara" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Химическа термодинамика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termodin%C3%A0mica_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Termodinàmica química — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Termodinàmica química" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B4%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Χημική θερμοδυναμική — greka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χημική θερμοδυναμική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_thermodynamics" title="Chemical thermodynamics — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chemical thermodynamics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termodin%C3%A1mica_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Termodinámica química — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Termodinámica química" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ترمودینامیک شیمیایی — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ترمودینامیک شیمیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termodin%C3%A1mica_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Termodinámica química — galega" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Termodinámica química" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="रासायनिक ऊष्मागतिकी — hinda" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रासायनिक ऊष्मागतिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hinda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemijska_termodinamika" title="Kemijska termodinamika — kroata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kemijska termodinamika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Քիմիական թերմոդինամիկա — armena" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քիմիական թերմոդինամիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termodinamika_kimia" title="Termodinamika kimia — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Termodinamika kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学熱力学 — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="化学熱力学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ქიმიური თერმოდინამიკა — kartvela" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქიმიური თერმოდინამიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="kartvela" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Химиялық термодинамика — kazaĥa" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Химиялық термодинамика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="화학열역학 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="화학열역학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemin%C4%97_termodinamika" title="Cheminė termodinamika — litova" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cheminė termodinamika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termodinamik_kimia" title="Termodinamik kimia — malaja" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Termodinamik kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemische_thermodynamica" title="Chemische thermodynamica — nederlanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chemische thermodynamica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemisk_termodynamikk" title="Kjemisk termodynamikk — dannorvega" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kjemisk termodynamikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="dannorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termodynamika_chemiczna" title="Termodynamika chemiczna — pola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Termodynamika chemiczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termodinamic%C4%83_chimic%C4%83" title="Termodinamică chimică — rumana" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Termodinamică chimică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Химическая термодинамика — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Химическая термодинамика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijska_termodinamika" title="Hemijska termodinamika — serba" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Hemijska termodinamika" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisk_termodynamik" title="Kemisk termodynamik — sveda" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kemisk termodynamik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sveda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimyasal_termodinamik" title="Kimyasal termodinamik — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kimyasal termodinamik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Хімічна термодинаміка — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хімічна термодинаміка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhi%E1%BB%87t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Nhiệt động hóa học — vjetnama" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhiệt động hóa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chemical_thermodynamics" hreflang="en"><span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q739016" title="Ligilo al konektita datuma ero [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ero en Vikidatumoj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paĝaj iloj"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspekto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eo" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Willard_Gibbs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Willard_Gibbs.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="243" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="243" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/J._Willard_Gibbs" class="mw-redirect" title="J. Willard Gibbs">J. Willard Gibbs</a> - fondinto de <i>kemia termodinamiko</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kemia termodinamiko</b> estas la studo de interrilatoj de <a href="/wiki/Varmo" title="Varmo">varmo</a> kaj <a href="/w/index.php?title=Termodinamika_laboro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Termodinamika laboro (paĝo ne ekzistas)">laboro</a> kun <a href="/wiki/Kemia_reakcio" title="Kemia reakcio">kemiaj reakcioj</a> aŭ kun fizikaj ŝanĝoj de <a href="/wiki/Termodinamika_stato" title="Termodinamika stato">stato</a> ene de limoj de la leĝoj de la <a href="/wiki/Termodinamiko" title="Termodinamiko">termodinamiko</a>. Kemia termodinamiko inkludas ne nur laboratoriajn mezurojn de variaj termodinamikaj proprecoj, sed ankaŭ la aplikojn de matematikaj metodoj al la studo de kemiaj demandoj kaj al la <i>spontaneco</i> de la procezoj. </p><p>La strukturo de kemia termodinamiko estas bazita sur la unuaj du leĝoj de la termodinamiko. Starte el la unua kaj dua leĝoj de la termodinamiko, kvar ekvacioj nomitaj la "fundamentaj ekvacioj de Gibbs" povas esti derivitaj. El tiuj kvar, multaj ekvacioj, rilataj al la termodinamikaj proprecoj de termodinamika sistemo povas esti derivitaj uzante relative simplan <a href="/wiki/Matematiko" title="Matematiko">matematikon</a>. Tio skizas la matematikan kadron de kemia termodinamiko.<sup id="cite_ref-Book1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidu_ankaŭ"><span id="Vidu_anka.C5.AD"></span>Vidu ankaŭ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemia_termodinamiko&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redakti sekcion: Vidu ankaŭ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemia_termodinamiko&action=edit&section=1" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Vidu ankaŭ"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Henricus_van_%27t_Hoff" title="Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff">Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notoj">Notoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemia_termodinamiko&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redakti sekcion: Notoj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemia_termodinamiko&action=edit&section=2" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Notoj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-small" style="padding-right: 6px;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Book1-1"><a href="#cite_ref-Book1_1-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="libro" style="font-style:normal;" id="referenco-Ott-2000">Ott, Bevan J..  (2000) <i>Chemical Thermodynamics – Principles and Applications</i>. Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/0125309902" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-12-530990-2</a>.</cite> </span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="noprint" id="aliaj_projektoj" style="float: right; clear: right; width: 250px; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9;"> <ul class="noarchive"><li class="commons"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Thermochemistry?uselang=eo">Kategorio Kemia termodinamiko en la <span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a> (Multrimedaj datumoj)</span> </li></ul> </div> <div class="noprint" style="clear:both; margin-top:0px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); padding: 0px; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Norma_datumaro" title="Norma datumaro">Bibliotekoj</a> </td> <td class="plainlinks hlist" style="font-size: 80%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helpo:Bibliotekoj" title="Helpo:Bibliotekoj">PeEnEo</a>: <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/?curid=706956">706956</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_la_%C4%88e%C4%A5a_Respubliko" title="Nacia Biblioteko de la Ĉeĥa Respubliko">NKC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ph119141">ph119141</a></span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Elŝutita el "<a dir="ltr" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kemia_termodinamiko&oldid=8268002">https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kemia_termodinamiko&oldid=8268002</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Kategorioj" title="Specialaĵo:Kategorioj">Kategorioj</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Fizika_kemio" title="Kategorio:Fizika kemio">Fizika kemio</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Bran%C4%89oj_de_termodinamiko" title="Kategorio:Branĉoj de termodinamiko">Branĉoj de termodinamiko</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Kemia_in%C4%9Denierarto" title="Kategorio:Kemia inĝenierarto">Kemia inĝenierarto</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kaŝitaj kategorioj: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Pa%C4%9Doj_kun_eksmodaj_cit%C5%9Dablonoj" title="Kategorio:Paĝoj kun eksmodaj citŝablonoj">Paĝoj kun eksmodaj citŝablonoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Pa%C4%9Doj_kiuj_uzas_ISBNajn_magiajn_ligilojn" title="Kategorio:Paĝoj kiuj uzas ISBNajn magiajn ligilojn">Paĝoj kiuj uzas ISBNajn magiajn ligilojn</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ĉi tiu paĝo estis lastafoje redaktita je 08:35, 13 aŭg. 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">La teksto disponeblas laŭ la permesilo <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.eo">Krea Komunaĵo Atribuite-Samkondiĉe 4.0 Neadaptita</a>; eble aldonaj kondiĉoj aplikeblas. 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