CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "stackoverflow.com",cType: 'managed',cRay: '8e6fe8b019c14b74',cH: 'ptqWCiHrrU.RHouL3cj_sTkVsNidpySVHWA.vkKNpuI-1732351797-1.2.1.1-9amVV8IPWg2aT.4MnjySGPaCYn0V3kJkC285o2wtcuPrJWn6G1EkNm5AFQ3C8bkX',cUPMDTk: "\/questions\/tagged\/youtube-api?__cf_chl_tk=TBSmkOB3zayBT9D7FunhAyALViP7Aq0pMjcQVZb_.Ek-1732351797-1.0.1.1-lEwOh0wzz9V_R3riXaXzuERfhOvRlf.2o8eQHRrRTjM",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1732351797',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/questions\/tagged\/youtube-api?__cf_chl_f_tk=TBSmkOB3zayBT9D7FunhAyALViP7Aq0pMjcQVZb_.Ek-1732351797-1.0.1.1-lEwOh0wzz9V_R3riXaXzuERfhOvRlf.2o8eQHRrRTjM",md: "2vf41WAWuiu2A_MXYQwK130hI75c2GfMrBK9NNerYyE-1732351797-1.2.1.1-RPq9m7aT9j_MG.tBw2MmDUGTtLCSQbb0JA9gHXd2ixiyQ.zSV5WNdZVDVHbu23AuLZ6GoTA5ZAYfgPMXXyhwx_8vGQSdREMr3flDIHxNOZXEJIH2z36eVQ88YJ0sswDvI21NUfkYvbIxjsNYpIclZkeO6UOSsoZ2kBM.I6uklFCnM2zT5k.x13aPKNG9y7JXrvwDD0ACWqnc_EGhAeGMwmI9JYhCj5h2PRLvlb4giJvw0VL0oRnvI61d5p8PxK2Q6ax80XOYM9Z.fGKMLycFuxZbIAB.eHtR5I_axo8rrjTcq49a_rN4AtmLZFzO8eEOj_lCC8Dr2FKvoti0UhNd1AFWSPdIqoJVkL3XzqyCea6lNb2wUSK_FnwRjPfbE2cNQaNz6Rb.UW4eKhhJbdGMLHSOZQVGF5Iq7QtjnYgamcJZiagDyM6vNybLO0i8z8Bs1VVf9L4mdHJyGzoAHDURDTUqHQ0qSCxz4488nq4xN55Z2e62CtuGft1Y9DzGcVG40KnZvntaumdCpJ9WZGv5WZ8p8mbVUcQcQJeLfLFFKtynDgP6EPduKWPTiOkgRv6bohmYgtinaDOGvrKkLu9OnWW9wvvI6q3r303F45MhBDCBe9fVeD3kWe9O0yu6AEtorWDo8vi5qikDXNEiVTd3rB.1A_V.BR9IA7KT1APIJph0y1M46yp6hBfmqC5Y6jZxKx0TRLxPySu3uT8jOriup1DjaSElcxnDWmaqk8d05hPItgVtS8uL3biD3cFTbWzsjEn8TS1Ccr3SofB7_zI8FijTfu4TCrpLrwekQgQeM_FvY2LrJVVkIZdQF0asroN2JS.o5LcOS51B7e5BLYmns9.UzG98Vyul6oyZSjj94Wy5.8qrFbci0NDmqUNrOOJ._5pxljkHBo2Ol9g77lfFP0kOJVXHRG.avCLqi77FB_nSJKS4GbdU.8k2jM9tAq..Ld5InqMbecCpOgPPTLFDpAqxhimOhktXeXNmysYzz7aerx_zmJb2OM9s_GmCC8TnyJGHJ.X1tss7VMSosBH3TMk9YDG3LiK5b1i.kH92CrmRr3qEZRbrgHiygAbZ0vO1x0qC4GDJQcltEkgJsMumVnFx1la3jxEtwXD0vHDooC5vCAx9CiHP7SQC6WNqkigXRcD4dnqiVIctoDtIzpF1N0ZfuVKaAqFV6qkFuYUMDiiQE1nCqRufoKn6poouTRhk207M8QB7AUurx5RYs2S8nc74d6Hi1XScxvsE6fizpxtn0WurDn_WYg7sT5g1JPbs550vK47E7fyq0mP5kimCugfq6UrqLETgvu25X7L.IuiFcH3cB7NuQdvkYMAdkbqJoZJIAzXxsSZPqhZBWhgPsAcTGlZRXuAPMMtXdO9YLEvtdm91ZyEdjxRLaa8SpT4vyHjLP5MwYBUdXs0TcuJt9fQ5CMTaQzA.8QBZ16ygyqOYeET4bURZ9M8qaYx9gS2kh3DqSGev0Owu1DA8hrQgzdA3STfwWYGagfcWdhw7Bw.sGWwppM4Jp5QZ5f9Rkz.z1M5WploGo6WPzpMcpetcu6J6VNGx1.JWoyOVuX5K9vmI.rVmZ4CkMvQbA9KamJsW9FqSAmzeKoYCRltTpWAzOjOdyd9VTdk9muKjAwHdlPk6QmvyMrAm8Djp.yMQX.xzOE0Ifg8JiJ0Wzgir_KVbV3TEWYdoD66oDeL_lAQ0sdxZEavAEhl0WejRuf9Ld0AQX6dyTMA2SrQly6MoeDjDq.72_UqaU3ZQqosVtyaQJZA8fBiIV056xsl5NtzTexxuhPhQhW9.frYs7.BheO7ueTVudg_O1sVnvBeUO339WxZE5_.ZkAUnQjQ47tzBnelpF597vCbGT3vdlxrMyTW0npHVSdO4nH0IO9UdqSCMxFeFRQjpIFhTZMsFuDbrJuH5rXRm6EmcU9O7iykH20AOWUQe8vOgjDxipRjrHwkI9PhctTm3TvhmfRGFVpag9NDjA3U9PrQ4gfzYhZ.l37yTCIRi5vnObHehV6_GqL1LczwlI0PUR1EcI5dQzxf1iWY8E3q5.Amo.XR1AZ41IvKIPM.HjzAitAXJ_0gYSENvNmiHdQ1OQjhjR8C_PKpTvN8RgjfAymCDa5PptXZf5ISMKr3ChGAwUnU9pAKZ_b1J5ns6lw2MYgX8XFUZMYRxGdskhuh7dbgGEO_4VTwwbkmS_PatkezUWvDiZASr13SazkmNDUgYuKxfi.OYOTvuzqqJvGsia3vuJxNtZcqg4w9F3XxtpVP7IkmpysRoJkTcfpUXF4ueroP_rZd938e6Zi17uandvOcbEGV8UMSIo3hLzBfCZ7LGtCkqN3WdbzJy6REP6UOCtE4eErawtHAezMGK7mTOqeJ0S_vjRQovDj19q08ezY0fRAjv3enfnXL5GmREyAwJc4nqOQ_iGq8M6buHY5hFMJL3z91PCwsw7z5YVzNYm_4EyvobXcBV3FHTGYrSSvNvK5Bxot.jV12KQ7WDKx9yTqIwFPGZdRyjnxvsAjFj4cPuPCR5OTgCNEo.HBtUSWQokuUbXS70HJG8xerccn2B5V.Ln47vUinKqs6.H8r8tFDjXtos3cm6PFvTzibkXiLA4qw61nNe44S10mPfFZgsQ3c31bFXnnBpWCkLsd5eGzR0hexgg.jq9y73_nRHS1WcfoSN3ZTQlVZSFx9Zz_YnRF.JuPGEqIArurmNsAohF2Hn8A787R7ye1VIiTpQcHl5XwAOMaQ1WTV7ByP4.VfpvijtTF79xw3rToBbAAOvXzOfUim_FgJ0XCT5vNYYBl5fB_iQqJXpX6jghFUQ8qZp6.7v4QKG_HYmdxUuqN2ilifIiZW2F0ALrTwmvD8gxoQfruov4r337qwxNiD7I51yac.lIjd3uYMRmg38mUnbRU_SV2oGpPG7MS6DLl_geDA50pm20e1jfAIRm9abcKw4roWutf5HyT3n9RREkQ",mdrd: "OsuHJhw1c3_cQiEw8V_0_dsP_62.0Mne.sPqpqcHJsk-1732351797-1.2.1.1-8ih4KXG9ctvhTDhXSJeW1sg3qtBdsssfxGcfsyd8F19fG8L80zFhDnk31yC._rTlWcfaQsnrxc81dLlE7ji543LYE30PoqrAAOU1hZ8sU3xIs7AmuVPFO7AU6N9UbKRcXMkke5HtG5X3wbwRz04nGAgyF33DrtAEsne5GwXO2T3sBcSfQQR2yoQ5xGm15hfmEX3kSoCu.z_zrjrYagDAYwFjRXxY9MlSbffbRzUHxh5K_X1wTH3NXhhDeA1vXXoxq0KPWBKz19T5awJKJjcF97SMMdBJD5bOgkgTWdPGRjR.4YM62k1SrBM2aGUY6IevLkRO4PyFWUqhgL.4wBp_COEg8IjSUh6VFYpjwVwJQ8U.POgy0Btw8HcR8iFUMtJtsuh.a3_wN3LodPDKzpc_3THNeS_ZnL4xXbp59.5ivzBNttqmBhXVQPwlG.1ab8svrOrM.rfx8BOH35RPMUmvujV_TEIGbW3YyFgKNZrv1JVb9X16vp6xyVbpcTcaBLiEo2IxVumRWkkjCQOCAgHa97sjmpzlWuLudnFCuH0dvCIsGFdRWlWKvXBHXxZ9WSOhKIq2jkiKK9r9x1nqzb7VbWkGPh4JN4IhWBuGpe7awGGX3aF5Oybby._WcaHKxDvY.iqAwXV8lL4WIvQBp75p3hwS_1TqJp_G6dsLrT7psPQxwASoXlJME8M3ApYu2hmy7QaMS1q5pdpM9f9_exrBEMwhzSxsZBs_i.cjPRhsYagTfKcd63ogrSRC2zR4Wz1iTiBxxnXqGFQsf_oS_6b80SGdkBvF6JFF32OGcmxSABxJJg2VaOEReHmi_G5xMek8QjVwEPz.BiR1fSnjSD0h4vTxAozVEwwx_dt_27k8XzS1qH8Z5v2RN4eWBFaKm2OVMhUR1I2v82ByGl549rZENz6K5Igcn9RPshoxglSv0BUCStKhTGxjsMeo3.r83gfxB0.xLxHGq7i2jEZrKNNyHqbUB6jTEqkH1NYdMFIE6EXqZBV8SfaNlU7yfM9IedSb8sGGqint5CVxG9xIEFjTr.So0UI6KXx.iNKwpNOs5vLzlOcgQtW_usJ2uGh355CdMPzi7GSf7eimr2EqPN.gxwraww8JmUcNV5vszcj6GT_MIbXJtxJk4FnYzMSF4r2saE5tRX.AIOAuMstGXGUWbCFFDzUZJQfSSAhBKTQdlkKlotbX63MW3YzCq7haOQn93p18GDgQjaeKH8ViDqbp84gz12QRKlCgRr9VYpAK7FfDuMREnTVDGNlxumWiTXXM5jUK1ol_54CKyk4fddXAINpn52B09tm2mdjXH_0.T_H5aoXe5y9v9rpo8Aa9fsUqasNCLP.BTOdcrIRoyJP5NsfDoGZ9ogHndXxpcOKRfCjqg_uMuouKx61ej71wRWGpW4yiXpOyvneK1fvYnxUgvlQFiPcSgJ_kiPxAQrBfsel2clIALxbP9W2sepSSNW.rPIpmidVEILyVu.SUJNJUQCpi5tTIHpTBUXjDm3f1wUyVR3sjdNb7Fng2H_WMmFrgrCUpazJF1gDGyFAlxJufSFeKGIiTPHYZqwa1BJ.00nVuSdsGD7_ogPjAQyuLZntGiP940nrEj9ppOQIty8YMxl3yWQyywtQwgjEyC0KdAgcIiKySb0EnBS0yU8B48oE6Dc4TaBMyA403dAZhE5WeTaRKPoJnfyNQ7HKapuAhwRhM1aJsr5DB3osghlyxrbof83tg_ZlUTLD11A8xmkcFV7Xej0PatPHwpvH3PGvWcYGZEsdKKFwmB2nogjOyu9SHBuWQ_fktevKJuG99C.d4MZ5Htfuh0H0B5cj0cOIUGtH2TFrDEa4xP.hkoVH_S1Rs8QsGzV1alVi709q_1QOU_XwNZxfI.mqFalalHAGWwmEEdBKsFiStAyk90vrPFDk0YGR55mQXh9PtRUYsG4stEh7u6rD0Q4h0CcipPlsnObw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8e6fe8b019c14b74';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/questions\/tagged\/youtube-api?__cf_chl_rt_tk=TBSmkOB3zayBT9D7FunhAyALViP7Aq0pMjcQVZb_.Ek-1732351797-1.0.1.1-lEwOh0wzz9V_R3riXaXzuERfhOvRlf.2o8eQHRrRTjM" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>