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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Storia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Storia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dettagli_tecnici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dettagli_tecnici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dettagli tecnici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dettagli_tecnici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Octave,_il_linguaggio_per_scripting_numerico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Octave,_il_linguaggio_per_scripting_numerico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Octave, il linguaggio per scripting numerico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Octave,_il_linguaggio_per_scripting_numerico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funzionalità_distintive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funzionalità_distintive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Funzionalità distintive</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Funzionalità_distintive-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Funzionalità distintive</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Funzionalità_distintive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Completamento_automatico_dei_comandi_e_dei_nomi_delle_variabili" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Completamento_automatico_dei_comandi_e_dei_nomi_delle_variabili"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Completamento automatico dei comandi e dei nomi delle variabili</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Completamento_automatico_dei_comandi_e_dei_nomi_delle_variabili-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Command_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Command_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Command history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Command_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Strutture_dati" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strutture_dati"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Strutture dati</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strutture_dati-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operatori_booleani_a_corto_circuito_(short-circuit)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operatori_booleani_a_corto_circuito_(short-circuit)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Operatori booleani a corto circuito (short-circuit)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operatori_booleani_a_corto_circuito_(short-circuit)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operatori_incremento_e_decremento" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operatori_incremento_e_decremento"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Operatori incremento e decremento</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operatori_incremento_e_decremento-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unwind-protect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unwind-protect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Unwind-protect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unwind-protect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liste_di_argomenti_di_lunghezza_variabile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liste_di_argomenti_di_lunghezza_variabile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Liste di argomenti di lunghezza variabile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liste_di_argomenti_di_lunghezza_variabile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liste_di_ritorno_di_lunghezza_variabile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liste_di_ritorno_di_lunghezza_variabile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Liste di ritorno di lunghezza variabile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liste_di_ritorno_di_lunghezza_variabile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Integrazione_con_il_linguaggio_C++" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Integrazione_con_il_linguaggio_C++"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Integrazione con il linguaggio C++</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Integrazione_con_il_linguaggio_C++-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compatibilità_con_il_linguaggio_MATLAB" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compatibilità_con_il_linguaggio_MATLAB"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Compatibilità con il linguaggio MATLAB</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compatibilità_con_il_linguaggio_MATLAB-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">GNU Octave</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 40 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%81" title="جنو أوكتاف - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جنو أوكتاف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD_(%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE)" title="অক্টেভ (প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষা) - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অক্টেভ (প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষা)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octave" title="Octave - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Octave" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A2%DA%A9%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88" title="گنو آکتیو - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گنو آکتیو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%91%D7%94_(%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%95)" title="אוקטבה (גנו) - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוקטבה (גנו)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5" title="ग्नू ऑक्टेव - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्नू ऑक्टेव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_%EC%98%A5%ED%83%80%EB%B8%8C" title="GNU 옥타브 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="GNU 옥타브" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%82_%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D" title="ഗ്നൂ ഒക്ടേവ് - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്നൂ ഒക്ടേവ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86_%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A2%DA%A9%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%88" title="جی این یو آکٹیو - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جی این یو آکٹیو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octave" title="Octave - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Octave" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%9F" title="กนู อ็อกเตฟ - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กนู อ็อกเตฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86_%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A2%DA%A9%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%88" title="جی این یو آکٹیو - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جی این یو آکٹیو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octave" title="Octave - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Octave" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="GNU Octave" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave - min nan" lang="nan" 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summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2">GNU Octave<br /><span class="sinottico_sottotitolo"><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gnu-octave-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo"><img alt="Logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Gnu-octave-logo.svg/100px-Gnu-octave-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Gnu-octave-logo.svg/150px-Gnu-octave-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Gnu-octave-logo.svg/200px-Gnu-octave-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="283" /></a><figcaption>Logo</figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Octave_session.png" class="mw-file-description" title="GNU Octave in esecuzione su un sistema Linux"><img alt="GNU Octave in esecuzione su un sistema Linux" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Octave_session.png/260px-Octave_session.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Octave_session.png/390px-Octave_session.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Octave_session.png/520px-Octave_session.png 2x" data-file-width="1268" data-file-height="711" /></a><figcaption>GNU Octave in esecuzione su un sistema Linux</figcaption></figure>GNU Octave in esecuzione su un sistema Linux </td></tr><tr><th>Genere</th><td><a href="/wiki/Analisi_numerica" title="Analisi numerica">Analisi numerica</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Sviluppatore_di_software" title="Sviluppatore di software">Sviluppatore</a></th><td>James B. Rawlings, John W. Eaton </td></tr><tr><th>Data prima versione</th><td>1988 </td></tr><tr><th>Ultima versione</th><td>9.2.0 (7 giugno 2024) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Sistema_operativo" title="Sistema operativo">Sistema operativo</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/GNU" title="GNU">GNU</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Multipiattaforma" title="Multipiattaforma">Multipiattaforma</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Linguaggio_di_programmazione" title="Linguaggio di programmazione">Linguaggio</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Toolkit" title="Toolkit">Toolkit</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Qt_(toolkit)" title="Qt (toolkit)">Qt</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Licenza_(informatica)" title="Licenza (informatica)">Licenza</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/GNU_GPL_v3%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="GNU GPL v3+">GNU GPL v3+</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Licenza_di_software_libero" title="Licenza di software libero">licenza libera</a>) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Lingua_(linguistica)" title="Lingua (linguistica)">Lingua</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Multilingua" class="mw-redirect" title="Multilingua">Multilingua</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Sito_web" title="Sito web">Sito web</a></th><td><span style="word-break: break-all;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://octave.org">octave.org</a></span> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223679" class="extiw" title="d:Q223679"><span title="Modifica i dati della voce GNU Octave su Wikidata">Modifica dati su Wikidata</span></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Software/man" title="Template:Software/man"><span title="Manuale del template Software">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>GNU Octave</b> è un'applicazione software per l'<a href="/wiki/Analisi_numerica" title="Analisi numerica">analisi numerica</a> in gran parte<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> compatibile con <a href="/wiki/MATLAB" title="MATLAB">MATLAB</a>. </p><p>Ha un insieme di funzionalità fornite per il calcolo matriciale come <a href="/wiki/Rango_(algebra_lineare)" title="Rango (algebra lineare)">rango</a> e <a href="/wiki/Determinante_(algebra)" title="Determinante (algebra)">determinante</a> o specialistiche come <a href="/wiki/Decomposizione_ai_valori_singolari" title="Decomposizione ai valori singolari">decomposizione ai valori singolari</a> (SVD), <a href="/wiki/Fattorizzazione_LU" class="mw-redirect" title="Fattorizzazione LU">fattorizzazione LU</a>; sebbene consenta di trovare la soluzione numerica di sistemi lineari non svolge calcolo simbolico o altre attività tipiche di un <a href="/wiki/Sistema_di_algebra_computazionale" title="Sistema di algebra computazionale">sistema di algebra computazionale</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il progetto fu concepito nel <a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a> da John W. Eaton (primo manutentore) e da James B. Rawlings presso l'<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_del_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Università del Texas">Università del Texas</a> come strumento di calcolo per l'ingegneria chimica. </p><p>Il suo sviluppo vero e proprio partì da John W. Eaton nel <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a>. La prima alpha pubblicata è datata 4 gennaio <a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a> e il 17 febbraio <a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a> fu distribuita la versione 1.0. La versione 3.0 è stata distribuita il 21 dicembre <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>. </p><p>Il linguaggio è così chiamato in onore di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Octave_Levenspiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Octave Levenspiel (la pagina non esiste)">Octave Levenspiel</a> (†<a href="/wiki/2017" title="2017">2017</a>), ingegnere chimico e professore alla <a href="/wiki/Oregon_State_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oregon State University">Oregon State University</a>, noto per la sua abilità nell'eseguire rapidi calcoli. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dettagli_tecnici">Dettagli tecnici</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Dettagli tecnici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Dettagli tecnici"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Octave è scritto in conformità dello standard <a href="/wiki/POSIX" title="POSIX">POSIX</a> nel linguaggio <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> usando le librerie <a href="/wiki/Standard_Template_Library" title="Standard Template Library">Standard Template Library</a>.</li> <li>Octave utilizza un interprete per il suo <a href="/wiki/Linguaggio_di_scripting" title="Linguaggio di scripting">linguaggio di scripting</a>.</li> <li>Octave è estendibile attraverso moduli o funzioni scritte dall'utente.</li> <li>Octave può lavorare assieme a <a href="/wiki/Gnuplot" title="Gnuplot">gnuplot</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grace_(plotting_tool)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grace (plotting tool) (la pagina non esiste)">Grace</a> per disegnare funzioni, grafici, tabelle, consentendo di salvarli o stamparli.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Octave,_il_linguaggio_per_scripting_numerico"><span id="Octave.2C_il_linguaggio_per_scripting_numerico"></span>Octave, il linguaggio per scripting numerico</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Octave, il linguaggio per scripting numerico" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Octave, il linguaggio per scripting numerico"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il linguaggio di scripting di Octave supporta svariate <a href="/wiki/Libreria_standard_del_C" title="Libreria standard del C">librerie del C</a>, e supporta inoltre diverse <a href="/wiki/Chiamata_di_sistema" title="Chiamata di sistema">system calls</a> e funzioni <a href="/wiki/POSIX" title="POSIX">UNIX</a>. </p><p>I programmi scritti con Octave sono degli script o liste di chiamate a funzioni. Il linguaggio dispone di diversi tipi di dati, oltre quello numerico esistono anche un tipo logico (true, false), uno di tipo stringa e strutture dati analoghe alle struct del <a href="/wiki/C_(linguaggio)" class="mw-redirect" title="C (linguaggio)">linguaggio C</a>. Esiste anche un altro tipo di dato molto potente ed è la <a href="/wiki/Matrice_(matematica)" class="mw-redirect" title="Matrice (matematica)">matrice</a> che consente molte operazioni di tipo matriciale. Il linguaggio di Octave non è un linguaggio <a href="/wiki/Programmazione_orientata_agli_oggetti" title="Programmazione orientata agli oggetti">orientato agli oggetti</a> ma supporta le <a href="/wiki/Struttura_dati" title="Struttura dati">strutture dati</a>, inoltre mette a disposizione varie strutture per il controllo del flusso, come i test logici <i>if-else</i> e <i>switch</i> ed i cicli <i>while</i> e <i>do-until</i>. </p><p>La sintassi è molto simile a quella di MATLAB, ed è possibile scrivere script che girano sia sotto Octave che su MATLAB. </p><p>Octave è distribuito sotto licenza <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GPL</a>, e quindi può essere liberamente copiato e usato. Il programma gira sotto sistemi <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> e <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, oltre che su <a href="/wiki/Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a> e <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funzionalità_distintive"><span id="Funzionalit.C3.A0_distintive"></span>Funzionalità distintive</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Funzionalità distintive" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Funzionalità distintive"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Completamento_automatico_dei_comandi_e_dei_nomi_delle_variabili">Completamento automatico dei comandi e dei nomi delle variabili</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Completamento automatico dei comandi e dei nomi delle variabili" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Completamento automatico dei comandi e dei nomi delle variabili"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Digitare un carattere TAB nella <a href="/wiki/Interfaccia_a_riga_di_comando" title="Interfaccia a riga di comando">riga di comando</a> attiva in GNU Octave la ricerca di possibili completamenti della parte di comando già parzialmente digitata (in modo analogo al completamento automatico della shell <a href="/wiki/Bash" title="Bash">Bash</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Command_history">Command history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Command history" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Command history"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Quando avviato in modalità interattiva, GNU Octave salva i comandi già eseguiti in un buffer interno così che essi possono essere richiamati ed editati. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Strutture_dati">Strutture dati</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Strutture dati" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Strutture dati"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>GNU Octave include un limitato supporto per organizzare i dati in strutture. Ad esempio: </p> <pre>octave:1> x.a = 1; x.b = [1, 2; 3, 4]; x.c = "stringa"; octave:2> x.a ans = 1 octave:3> x.b ans = 1 2 3 4 octave:4> x.c ans = stringa octave:5> x x = { a = 1 b = 1 2 3 4 c = stringa } </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operatori_booleani_a_corto_circuito_(short-circuit)"><span id="Operatori_booleani_a_corto_circuito_.28short-circuit.29"></span>Operatori booleani a corto circuito (short-circuit)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Operatori booleani a corto circuito (short-circuit)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Operatori booleani a corto circuito (short-circuit)"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gli operatori logici '&&' e '||' di GNU Octave sono valutati in modalità <a href="/wiki/Valutazione_a_corto_circuito" title="Valutazione a corto circuito">a corto circuito</a> (come i corrispondenti operatori in <a href="/wiki/C_(linguaggio)" class="mw-redirect" title="C (linguaggio)">linguaggio C</a>), a differenza degli operatori '&' e '|', che agiscono elemento per elemento in vettori, matrici e <a href="/wiki/Array" title="Array">array</a> multi-dimensionali. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operatori_incremento_e_decremento">Operatori incremento e decremento</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Operatori incremento e decremento" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Operatori incremento e decremento"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>GNU Octave include gli operatori C-like di incremento '++' e decremento '--', sia nella loro forma prefissa che in quella suffissale. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unwind-protect">Unwind-protect</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Unwind-protect" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Unwind-protect"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>GNU Octave supporta una forma basilare di <a href="/wiki/Gestione_delle_eccezioni" title="Gestione delle eccezioni">gestione delle eccezioni</a>, modellata sul costrutto unwind-protect del <a href="/wiki/Lisp" title="Lisp">Lisp</a>. La forma generale di un blocco unwind_protect ha questo aspetto: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-matlab mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="n">unwind_protect</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="s">body</span> <span class="n">unwind_protect_cleanup</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="s">cleanup</span> <span class="n">end_unwind_protect</span> </pre></div> <p>Come regola generale, GNU Octave riconosce come terminazione di un dato blocco di codice '<code><i>block</i></code>' sia la parola chiave '<code>end</code>' (che è compatibile con il linguaggio MATLAB) che l'altra più specifica '<code>end_<i>block</i></code>'. Di conseguenza, un blocco '<code>unwind_protect</code>' può essere terminato sia con la parola chiave '<code>end_unwind_protect</code>' - come nell'esempio - sia in modo più portabile, con la parola chiave '<code>end</code>'. Nell'esempio, la parte <i>cleanup</i> del blocco è sempre eseguita. In caso la parte <i>body</i> sollevasse un'eccezione, <i>cleanup</i> sarebbe eseguita immediatamente prima della propagazione dell'eccezione al di fuori del blocco '<code>unwind_protect</code>'. </p><p>GNU Octave supporta anche un'altra forma di gestione delle eccezioni (compatibile con il linguaggio MATLAB): </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-matlab mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="k">try</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">body</span> <span class="k">catch</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exception_handling</span> <span class="k">end</span> </pre></div> <p>Quest'ultima forma differisce da un blocco '<code>unwind_protect</code>' per due motivi. Primo, la parte <i>exception_handling</i> viene eseguita soltanto nel caso in cui la parte <i>body</i> sollevi un'eccezione. In secondo luogo, dopo l'esecuzione di <i>exception_handling</i>, l'eccezione è considerata intercettata e gestita, e non viene propagata all'esterno del blocco (a meno che un comando '<code>rethrow( lasterror )</code>' sia di proposito stato inserito all'interno del codice <i>exception_handling</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liste_di_argomenti_di_lunghezza_variabile">Liste di argomenti di lunghezza variabile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Liste di argomenti di lunghezza variabile" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Liste di argomenti di lunghezza variabile"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>GNU Octave ha un meccanismo efficace per gestire funzioni che devono ricevere un numero arbitrario (non noto a priori) di argomenti, senza un limite superiore. Per indicare una lista di zero o più argomenti entranti in una funzione, si usa lo speciale argomento <code>varargin</code>, posizionato come ultimo (o solo) argomento nella lista: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-matlab mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="k">function</span><span class="w"> </span>s<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">plus </span><span class="p">(</span>varargin<span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">nargin</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">varargin</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">plus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">varargin</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nb">nargin</span><span class="p">});</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span> <span class="k">end</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liste_di_ritorno_di_lunghezza_variabile">Liste di ritorno di lunghezza variabile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Liste di ritorno di lunghezza variabile" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Liste di ritorno di lunghezza variabile"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Una funzione può essere implementata in modo che ritorni al codice chiamante un qualsiasi numero di valori, usando come argomento di uscita la variabile speciale <code>varargout</code>. Ad esempio: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-matlab mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="k">function</span><span class="w"> </span>varargout<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">multiassign </span><span class="p">(</span>data<span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nb">nargout</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">varargout</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">(:,</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span> <span class="k">end</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Integrazione_con_il_linguaggio_C++"><span id="Integrazione_con_il_linguaggio_C.2B.2B"></span>Integrazione con il linguaggio C++</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Integrazione con il linguaggio C++" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Integrazione con il linguaggio C++"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>È anche possibile eseguire codice GNU Octave direttamente all'interno di un programma C++. Per esempio, di seguito è riportato un frammento di codice che chiama la funzione <code>rand([10,1])</code> da C++, facendola interpretare da GNU Octave: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-cpp mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf"><octave/oct.h></span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ColumnVector</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">NumRands</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">NumRands</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">NumRands</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">octave_value_list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f_arg</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f_ret</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f_arg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">octave_value</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">NumRands</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f_ret</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">feval</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"rand"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">f_arg</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Matrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unis</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f_ret</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">matrix_value</span><span class="p">());</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compatibilità_con_il_linguaggio_MATLAB"><span id="Compatibilit.C3.A0_con_il_linguaggio_MATLAB"></span>Compatibilità con il linguaggio MATLAB</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Compatibilità con il linguaggio MATLAB" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Compatibilità con il linguaggio MATLAB"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>GNU Octave è stato progettato avendo tra gli obiettivi la compatibilità con il linguaggio <a href="/wiki/MATLAB" title="MATLAB">MATLAB</a>, e infatti esso condivide con MATLAB molte funzionalità: </p> <ol><li>Le matrici come tipi di dato fondamentali.</li> <li>Il supporto nativo per i <a href="/wiki/Numero_complesso" title="Numero complesso">numeri complessi</a>.</li> <li>Potenti funzioni matematiche native e ampie librerie di funzioni.</li> <li>Estensibilità, che assume la forma di funzioni definite dall'utente.</li></ol> <p>Rispetto al linguaggio MATLAB, esiste di proposito un insieme ristretto di <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110408155617/http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/FAQ.html#MATLAB-compatibility">differenze </a>: </p> <ol><li>Le righe di commento possono essere prefisse sia con il carattere <code>#</code> che con il carattere <code>%</code> (quest'ultimo compatibile col linguaggio MATLAB).</li> <li>Sono supportati vari operatori basati sul linguaggio C: <code>++</code>, <code>--</code>, <code>+=</code>, <code>*=</code>, <code>/=</code>.</li> <li>È possibile accedere agli elementi di variabili temporanee (vettori, matrici o array multi-dimensionali) senza dover creare nuove variabili, come ad esempio in <code>[1:10](3)</code>.</li> <li>Le stringhe di testo possono essere definite sia con il carattere <code>"</code> che con il carattere <code>'</code> (quest'ultimo compatibile col linguaggio MATLAB).</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gnu.org/software/octave/about.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">About Octave</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">gnu.org</span>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Analisi_numerica" title="Analisi numerica">Analisi numerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeMat" title="FreeMat">FreeMat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MATLAB" title="MATLAB">MATLAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scilab" title="Scilab">Scilab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JMathLib" title="JMathLib">JMathLib</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Octave&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:GNU Octave"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:GNU_Octave?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 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esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://octave.org"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sito ufficiale</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">octave.org</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223679#P856" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://packages.debian.org/stable/liboctave-dev"><span style="font-style:italic;">GNU Octave</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://packages.debian.org/stable/liboctave8"><span style="font-style:italic;">GNU Octave (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://packages.debian.org/stable/octave"><span style="font-style:italic;">GNU Octave (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://packages.debian.org/stable/octave-common"><span style="font-style:italic;">GNU Octave (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://packages.debian.org/stable/octave-doc"><span style="font-style:italic;">GNU Octave (altra versione)</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">packages.debian.org</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223679#P3442" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hg.savannah.gnu.org/hgweb/octave"><span 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style="font-style:italic;">GNU Octave</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Directory" title="Free Software Directory">Free Software Directory</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223679#P2537" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://octave.sourceforge.net/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Octave-forge pagina della comunità di sviluppatori</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">octave.sourceforge.net</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dispense.dmsa.unipd.it/janna/tutorial_Mazzia.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Appunti sparsi su Octave (Annamaria Mazzia)</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), su <span style="font-style:italic;">dispense.dmsa.unipd.it</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.diceam.unirc.it/documentazione/materiale_didattico/1466_2016_421_25950.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Introduzione a Matlab/Octave (Mariantonia Cotronei)</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), su <span style="font-style:italic;">diceam.unirc.it</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nigiara.it/octave/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Come usare Octave</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">nigiara.it</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dm.unibo.it/~regonati/lm0304/lm030930.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Un'introduzione</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), su <span style="font-style:italic;">dm.unibo.it</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120301120707/http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/docs.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Documentazione online</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">gnu.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 1º maggio 2019</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://www.gnu.org/software/octave/docs.html">url originale</abbr> il 1º marzo 2012)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.octave.org/"><span style="font-style:italic;">wiki di GNU Octave</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">wiki.octave.org</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070630220612/http://www.aims.ac.za/wiki/index.php/Octave:Questions"><span style="font-style:italic;">FAQ con i nuovi comandi di plotting</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">aims.ac.za</span>. <small>URL consultato l'11 marzo 2011</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.aims.ac.za/wiki/index.php/Octave:Questions">url originale</abbr> il 30 giugno 2007)</small>.</cite></li> <li>(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110408155745/http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/archive.html">Archivi delle Mailing List su Nabble</a> – Ricerca in tutte le <a href="/wiki/Mailing_list" title="Mailing list">mailing list</a> di GNU Octave.</li> <li>(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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