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principau</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <div id="p-Navigacion" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Navigacion" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigacion </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Acuèlh" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Acu%C3%A8lh"><span>Acuèlh</span></a></li><li id="n-La-tavèrna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:La_tav%C3%A8rna"><span>La tavèrna</span></a></li><li id="n-thema" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Acu%C3%A8lh"><span>Portals tematics</span></a></li><li id="n-alphindex" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Totas_las_paginas"><span>Indèx alfabetic</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Pagina_a_l%27azard" title="Afichar una pagina a l'azard [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Una pagina a l'azard</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Contact-url"><span>contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Contribuir" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Contribuir" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribuir </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Somari" title="L'endrech per s'assabentar."><span>Ajuda</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Acu%C3%A8lh" title="A prepaus del projècte, çò que podètz far, ont trobar d'informacions"><span>Comunautat</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Darri%C3%A8rs_cambiaments" title="Lista dels darrièrs cambiaments sul wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Darrièrs cambiaments</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Acu%C3%A8lh_dels_nov%C3%A8ls_venguts"><span>Acuèlh dels novèls venguts</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Acu%C3%A8lh" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-oc.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'enciclopèdia liura" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-oc.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail 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[C]" accesskey="C" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Recèrca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Recercar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Aisinas personalas"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc" class=""><span>Far un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Automobila" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri" class=""><span>Crear un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Automobila" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connectar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aisinas personalas" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aisinas personalas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc"><span>Far un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Automobila" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Automobila" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connectar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_contribucions" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_discussions" title="La pagina de discussion per aquesta adreça IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Somari" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Somari</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Començament</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Istòria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istòria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istòria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istòria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_foncionament_d'una_automobila" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_foncionament_d'una_automobila"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Lo foncionament d'una automobila</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lo_foncionament_d'una_automobila-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Lo foncionament d'una automobila</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Lo_foncionament_d'una_automobila-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lo_motor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_motor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Lo motor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_motor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lo_motor_termic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_motor_termic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Lo motor termic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_motor_termic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_motor_electric" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_motor_electric"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Lo motor electric</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_motor_electric-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_motor_ibrid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_motor_ibrid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Lo motor ibrid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_motor_ibrid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_transmission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_transmission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>La transmission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_transmission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-La_transmission_primària" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_transmission_primària"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>La transmission primària</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_transmission_primària-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_transmission_segondària" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_transmission_segondària"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>La transmission segondària</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_transmission_segondària-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_contacte_amb_lo_sòu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_contacte_amb_lo_sòu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Lo contacte amb lo sòu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_contacte_amb_lo_sòu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lei_ròdas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_ròdas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Lei ròdas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_ròdas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_suspension" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_suspension"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>La suspension</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_suspension-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_conducha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_conducha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>La conducha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_conducha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-La_direccion_e_lei_pedalas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_direccion_e_lei_pedalas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>La direccion e lei pedalas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_direccion_e_lei_pedalas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_sistèmas_de_frenatge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_sistèmas_de_frenatge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Lei sistèmas de frenatge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_sistèmas_de_frenatge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leis_organs_de_seguretat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leis_organs_de_seguretat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Leis organs de seguretat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leis_organs_de_seguretat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-La_seguretat_activa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_seguretat_activa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.1</span> <span>La seguretat activa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_seguretat_activa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_seguretat_passiva" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_seguretat_passiva"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.2</span> <span>La seguretat passiva</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_seguretat_passiva-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_diferents_tipes_d'automobila" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_diferents_tipes_d'automobila"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lei diferents tipes d'automobila</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lei_diferents_tipes_d'automobila-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Lei diferents tipes d'automobila</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Lei_diferents_tipes_d'automobila-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lei_ciutadinas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_ciutadinas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Lei ciutadinas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_ciutadinas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leis_ciutadinas_polivalentas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leis_ciutadinas_polivalentas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Leis ciutadinas polivalentas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leis_ciutadinas_polivalentas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leis_automobilas_compactas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leis_automobilas_compactas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Leis automobilas compactas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leis_automobilas_compactas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_berlinas_familialas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_berlinas_familialas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Lei berlinas familialas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_berlinas_familialas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_berlinas_de_luxe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_berlinas_de_luxe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Lei berlinas de luxe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_berlinas_de_luxe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_veïculs_utilitaris_espòrt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_veïculs_utilitaris_espòrt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Lei veïculs utilitaris espòrt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_veïculs_utilitaris_espòrt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_pick-up" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_pick-up"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Lei pick-up</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_pick-up-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_veituras_d'espòrt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_veituras_d'espòrt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Lei veituras d'espòrt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_veituras_d'espòrt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L'industria_e_la_consumacion_automobila" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'industria_e_la_consumacion_automobila"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>L'industria e la consumacion automobila</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-L'industria_e_la_consumacion_automobila-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció L'industria e la consumacion automobila</span> </button> <ul id="toc-L'industria_e_la_consumacion_automobila-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lo_sector_industriau_automobil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_sector_industriau_automobil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Lo sector industriau automobil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_sector_industriau_automobil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_concepcion_e_la_fabricacion_d'una_veitura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_concepcion_e_la_fabricacion_d'una_veitura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>La concepcion e la fabricacion d'una veitura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_concepcion_e_la_fabricacion_d'una_veitura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-La_concepcion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_concepcion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>La concepcion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_concepcion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_pressa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_pressa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>La pressa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_pressa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_pintura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_pintura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3</span> <span>La pintura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_pintura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_montatge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_montatge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.4</span> <span>Lo montatge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_montatge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_distribucion_mondiala_deis_automobilas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_distribucion_mondiala_deis_automobilas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>La distribucion mondiala deis automobilas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_distribucion_mondiala_deis_automobilas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_proteccion_de_l'environament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_proteccion_de_l'environament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>La proteccion de l'environament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_proteccion_de_l'environament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annèxas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annèxas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Annèxas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Annèxas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Annèxas</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Annèxas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Liames_intèrnes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liames_intèrnes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Liames intèrnes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liames_intèrnes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nòtas_e_referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Nòtas e referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Automobila</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 203 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-203" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">203 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorvoertuig" title="Motorvoertuig - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Motorvoertuig" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - aleman de Soïssa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="aleman de Soïssa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%8A%AA%E1%8A%93" title="መኪና - amaric" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መኪና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selff%C4%93rende_w%C3%A6gn" title="Selffērende wægn - anglès antic" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Selffērende wægn" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="anglès antic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujij%E1%BB%8Dn%CC%84" title="Ujijọn̄ - obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Ujijọn̄" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%80" title="गाड़ी - angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="गाड़ी" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="سيارة - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيارة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AA%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܪܕܝܬܐ - arameu" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܪܕܝܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84" title="طوموبيل - arabe marocain" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="طوموبيل" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabe marocain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%87" title="عربيه - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عربيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3vil" title="Automóvil - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Automóvil" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otapan" title="Otapan - atacama" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Otapan" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="atacama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avtomobil" title="Avtomobil - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Avtomobil" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84" title="اوتوموبیل - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوتوموبیل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - bavarès" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automuob%C4%97lis" title="Automuobėlis - samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Automuobėlis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor" title="Motor - batak toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Motor" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="batak toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotse" title="Kotse - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kotse" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerita" title="Kerita - West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Kerita" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аўтамабіль - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аўтамабіль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Аўтамабіль - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аўтамабіль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil" title="Mobil - betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Mobil" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Автомобил - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Автомобил" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="कार - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कार" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF" title="গাড়ি - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গাড়ি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karr-tan" title="Karr-tan - breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Karr-tan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oto" title="Oto - buginés" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="Oto" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="buginés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Автомашина - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Автомашина" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B2bil" title="Automòbil - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Automòbil" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9-chi%C4%83" title="Ké-chiă - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ké-chiă" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль - chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakyanan" title="Sakyanan - cebuan" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sakyanan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%C3%A2ho%27hest%C3%B4tse" title="Amâho'hestôtse - xeiene" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Amâho'hestôtse" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="xeiene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%85%DB%86%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84" title="ئۆتۆمۆبیل - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئۆتۆمۆبیل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittura" title="Vittura - còrs" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Vittura" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="còrs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araba" title="Araba - tàtar de Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Araba" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tàtar de Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B9to" title="Aùto - caixubi" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Aùto" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="caixubi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Аѵтокїнито - eslavon" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Аѵтокїнито" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="eslavon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль - chovash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chovash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car" title="Car - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Car" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil" title="Bil - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bil" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ereba" title="Ereba - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ereba" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%BF" title="Αυτοκίνητο - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αυτοκίνητο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car" title="Car - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Car" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C5%ADto" title="Aŭto - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aŭto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3vil" title="Automóvil - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Automóvil" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3vil" title="Automóvil - extremeny" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Automóvil" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremeny" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88" title="خودرو - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خودرو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilar" title="Bilar - feroés" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Bilar" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94tomobila" title="Ôtomobila - francoprovençal" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ôtomobila" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="francoprovençal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluaiste%C3%A1n" title="Gluaisteán - irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gluaisteán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BB%8A" title="汽車 - xinès gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="汽車" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="xinès gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotomobil" title="Lotomobil - créole guyanais" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lotomobil" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="créole guyanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0r" title="Càr - gaelic escossés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Càr" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelic escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3bil" title="Automóbil - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Automóbil" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ماشین - gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ماشین" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mba%27yruguata" title="Mba'yruguata - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mba'yruguata" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%80" title="મોટરગાડી - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મોટરગાડી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleashtan" title="Gleashtan - manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Gleashtan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mota" title="Mota - haussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mota" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khi-chh%C3%A2" title="Khi-chhâ - xinès hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khi-chhâ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="xinès hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מכונית - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מכונית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8" title="मोटरवाहन - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मोटरवाहन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motar" title="Motar - hindi de Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Motar" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi de Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otomobil" title="Otomobil - crioll d’Haití" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Otomobil" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioll d’Haití" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aut%C3%B3" title="Autó - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Autó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BE%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A5%D6%84%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Ավտոմեքենա - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ավտոմեքենա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerita" title="Kerita - iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Kerita" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil" title="Mobil - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mobil" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile - interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksraktuaq" title="Aksraktuaq - inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Aksraktuaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobilo" title="Automobilo - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Automobilo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ADll" title="Bíll - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bíll" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autovettura" title="Autovettura - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Autovettura" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A" title="自動車 - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="自動車" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyaar" title="Kyaar - crioll anglès de Jamaica" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kyaar" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="crioll anglès de Jamaica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montor" title="Montor - javanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Montor" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ავტომობილი - georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ავტომობილი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avtomobil" title="Avtomobil - karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Avtomobil" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B9%ACumubil" title="Ṭumubil - cabil" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ṭumubil" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C9%94%C9%94%C9%96%C9%A9y%C9%9B" title="Lɔɔɖɩyɛ - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Lɔɔɖɩyɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1da%CC%B1dei_ma%CC%B1to" title="A̱da̱dei ma̱to - tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱da̱dei ma̱to" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomab%C3%AElu" title="Tomabîlu - kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Tomabîlu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mubil" title="Mubil - Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Mubil" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%A8" title="ಮೋಟಾರು ವಾಹನ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೋಟಾರು ವಾಹನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EB%8F%99%EC%B0%A8" title="자동차 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자동차" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otomob%C3%AEl" title="Otomobîl - curd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Otomobîl" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocinetum" title="Autocinetum - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Autocinetum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otomobil" title="Otomobil - ladin" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Otomobil" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - luxemborgés" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemborgés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль - lesguià" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesguià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetura" title="Vetura - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Vetura" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B3tuka" title="Mótuka - lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mótuka" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%94" title="ລົດ - laosian" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ລົດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobilis" title="Automobilis - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Automobilis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automa%C5%A1%C4%ABna" title="Automašīna - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Automašīna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiarakodia" title="Fiarakodia - malgash" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiarakodia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motok%C4%81" title="Motokā - maòri" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Motokā" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maòri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oto" title="Oto - minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Oto" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Автомобил - macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Автомобил" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC" title="കാർ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Автомашин - mongòl" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Автомашин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8" title="मोटारवाहन - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मोटारवाहन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kereta" title="Kereta - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kereta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karozza" title="Karozza - maltés" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Karozza" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ကား - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="مشین - mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مشین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - baix saxó" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="baix saxó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80" title="मोटरगाडी - nepalés" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मोटरगाडी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2" title="अटोमोबाइल - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="अटोमोबाइल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil" title="Bil - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bil" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil" title="Bil - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bil" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9E%DF%90%DF%B2%DF%AC%DF%9B%DF%8F" title="ߞߐ߲߬ߛߏ - n’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߞߐ߲߬ߛߏ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="n’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C3%B9%C3%A9rette" title="Qùérette - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Qùérette" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chid%C3%AD" title="Chidí - navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Chidí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C5%A1in" title="Mašin - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Mašin" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkolaataa" title="Konkolaataa - oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Konkolaataa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%C3%A6%D0%B4%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%C3%A6" title="Хæдтулгæ - osseta" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хæдтулгæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osseta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕਾਰ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile - picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maschien" title="Maschien - alemany pennsilvanià" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Maschien" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="alemany pennsilvanià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoch%C3%B3d" title="Samochód - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Samochód" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B2bil" title="Automòbil - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Automòbil" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کار - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کار" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Αραπάν - pòntic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Αραπάν" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="pòntic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%BC%D8%B1" title="موټر - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="موټر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3vel" title="Automóvel - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Automóvel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antawa" title="Antawa - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Antawa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vurdon" title="Vurdon - Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Vurdon" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaxi" title="Amaxi - aromanès" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Amaxi" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB" title="Автомобіл - ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Автомобіл" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BB%D3%A9)" title="Массыына (көлө) - iacut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Массыына (көлө)" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ - santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile - escossés" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ڪار - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪار" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamssudut" title="Tamssudut - taixelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tamssudut" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="taixelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AE" title="මෝටර් රථ - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මෝටර් රථ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" title="Automobile - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Automobile" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avtomobil" title="Avtomobil - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Avtomobil" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27avale" title="Ta'avale - samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Ta'avale" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hambautare" title="Hambautare - shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Hambautare" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baabuur" title="Baabuur - somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Baabuur" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetura" title="Vetura - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vetura" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Аутомобил - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аутомобил" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koloi" title="Koloi - soto del sud" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Koloi" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="soto del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobil" title="Automobil - saterlandais" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Automobil" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil" title="Mobil - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mobil" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil" title="Bil - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bil" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motokaa" title="Motokaa - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Motokaa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - silesià" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/kazizeng" title="kazizeng - Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="kazizeng" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="தானுந்து - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தானுந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81" title="కారు - telogó" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కారు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telogó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Худрав - tajic" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Худрав" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="รถยนต์ - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รถยนต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotse" title="Kotse - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kotse" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka" title="Ka - tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Ka" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otomobil" title="Otomobil - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Otomobil" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль - tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%90hy%C9%9Bn" title="Ɛhyɛn - twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Ɛhyɛn" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобиль - tuvinià" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%89%D9%84" title="ئاپتوموبىل - oigor" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئاپتوموبىل" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="oigor" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Автомобіль - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Автомобіль" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کار - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کار" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avtomobil" title="Avtomobil - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Avtomobil" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B2bi%C5%82e" title="Automòbiłe - vènet" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Automòbiłe" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vènet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avto" title="Avto - vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Avto" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94_t%C3%B4" title="Ô tô - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ô tô" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - flamenc occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamenc occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tood" title="Tood - volapuc" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Tood" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oto" title="Oto - való" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Oto" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="való" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awto" title="Awto - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Awto" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6" title="汽车 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="汽车" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imoto" title="Imoto - xhòsa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Imoto" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhòsa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%99%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C" title="אויטאמאביל - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אויטאמאביל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giceh" title="Giceh - zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Giceh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto" title="Auto - zelandès" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Auto" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zelandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6" title="汽车 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="汽车" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A" title="自動車 - xinès clàssic" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="自動車" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="xinès clàssic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C5%AB-t%C5%8Dng-chhia" title="Chū-tōng-chhia - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chū-tōng-chhia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BB%8A" title="汽車 - cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="汽車" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1420#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modificar los ligams interlenga" class="wbc-editpage">Modificar los ligams</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espacis de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Automobila" title="Veire l’article [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discutir:Automobila&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion a prepaus d'aquesta pagina (la pagina existís pas) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">occitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Afichatges"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Automobila"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=history" title="Los autors e versions precedentas d'aquesta pagina. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Veire l'istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bóstia d'aisinas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bóstia d'aisinas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aisinas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai d'opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Automobila"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=history"><span>Veire l'istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generau </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Paginas_ligadas/Automobila" title="Lista de las paginas ligadas a aquesta. 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/30px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/45px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/60px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipèdia, l'enciclopèdia liura.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="oc" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:BMW_Z9-Concept-Car_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/BMW_Z9-Concept-Car_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-BMW_Z9-Concept-Car_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/BMW_Z9-Concept-Car_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-BMW_Z9-Concept-Car_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/BMW_Z9-Concept-Car_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-BMW_Z9-Concept-Car_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2274" data-file-height="1389" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fotografia" title="Fotografia">Fotografia</a> d'un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prototipe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prototipe (la pagina existís pas)">prototipe</a> d'automobila presentat a una exposicion.</figcaption></figure> <p>Una <b>automobila</b> (en forma brèva <b>auto</b>) es un veïcul <a href="/wiki/Rota" title="Rota">rotier</a> leugier dotat d'un <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a> e de <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a> e destinat au transpòrt terrèstre de quauquei personas e de sei bagatges. Lo <a href="/wiki/Mot" title="Mot">tèrme</a> "<b>veitura</b>" es sovent utilizat mai designa en realitat una gama pus larga de veïculs terrèstres. Derivada de veïculs de motor imaginats ai sègles XVII e XVIII, l'automobila modèrna apareguèt durant la segonda mitat dau sègle XIX. Son utilizacion se generalizèt lentament durant lo sègle XX per venir un aspècte centrau de la societat dei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pa%C3%ADs_desvolopat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="País desvolopat (la pagina existís pas)">país desvolopats</a> après la <a href="/wiki/Segonda_Gu%C3%A8rra_Mondiala" title="Segonda Guèrra Mondiala">Segonda Guèrra Mondiala</a>. Uei, aquel usatge es en creissença rapida dins lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pa%C3%ADs_en_desvolopament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="País en desvolopament (la pagina existís pas)">país en desvolopament</a> e la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Construccion_automobila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Construccion automobila (la pagina existís pas)">construccion automobila</a> es un sector important de l'<a href="/wiki/Economia" title="Economia">economia</a> actuala. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istòria"><span id="Ist.C3.B2ria"></span>Istòria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Istòria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Istòria"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Late_model_Ford_Model_T.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Late_model_Ford_Model_T.jpg/220px-Late_model_Ford_Model_T.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Late_model_Ford_Model_T.jpg/330px-Late_model_Ford_Model_T.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Late_model_Ford_Model_T.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="365" /></a><figcaption>La <a href="/wiki/Ford_T" title="Ford T">Ford T</a>, premiera automobila producha en massa.</figcaption></figure> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ist%C3%B2ria_de_l%27automobila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istòria de l'automobila (la pagina existís pas)">Istòria de l'automobila</a>.</div> <p>Lei premiers veïculs automobils datan dei sègles XVII e XVIII. La representacion pus anciana d'una tala <a href="/wiki/Invencion" class="mw-disambig" title="Invencion">invencion</a> es probablament aquela presentada a l'emperaire de <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">China</a> en <a href="/wiki/1670" class="mw-redirect" title="1670">1670</a> per lo jesuita <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinand_Verbiest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdinand Verbiest (la pagina existís pas)">Ferdinand Verbiest</a> (<a href="/wiki/1623" class="mw-redirect" title="1623">1623</a>-<a href="/wiki/1688" class="mw-redirect" title="1688">1688</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Pasmens, foguèt pas construcha e la premiera automobila operacionala foguèt fabricada en <a href="/wiki/1769" class="mw-redirect" title="1769">1769</a> per lo <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">Francés</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_Joseph_Cugnot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolas Joseph Cugnot (la pagina existís pas)">Nicolas Joseph Cugnot</a> (<a href="/wiki/1725" class="mw-redirect" title="1725">1725</a>-<a href="/wiki/1804" class="mw-redirect" title="1804">1804</a>). Èra un tractor de pèças d'<a href="/wiki/Artilhari%C3%A1" title="Artilhariá">artilhariá</a> capable de se desplaçar a una <a href="/wiki/Velocitat" title="Velocitat">velocitat</a> de 4 km/h gràcias a un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_de_vapor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor de vapor (la pagina existís pas)">motor de vapor</a>. </p><p>Durant lo sègle XIX, de progrès regulars aguèron luòc coma o mòstra lo <i>London Steam Carriage</i> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Trevithick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Trevithick (la pagina existís pas)">Richard Trevithick</a> (<a href="/wiki/1771" class="mw-redirect" title="1771">1771</a>-<a href="/wiki/1833" class="mw-redirect" title="1833">1833</a>). En <a href="/wiki/1801" class="mw-redirect" title="1801">1801</a>, realizèt un trajècte de 10 milas dins lei carrieras de <a href="/wiki/Londres" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Londres">Londres</a>. Pasmens, la talha dei motors de vapor necessari au desplaçament d'aquelei veïculs limitèt son desvolopament. Foguèt donc necessari d'esperar leis <a href="/wiki/Ans_1860" title="Ans 1860">ans 1860</a> per veire l'aparicion de veituras pron leugieras per se desplaçar a de velocitats de l'òrdre de 40 km/h. Certanei modèls foguèron comercializats e l'interès per l'automobila aumentèt a la fin dau sègle XIX. </p><p>Aquò favorizèt la recèrca e leis innovacions. La <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motorizacion</a> foguèt ansin l'objècte de trabalhs importants amb l'adopcion dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_electric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor electric (la pagina existís pas)">motor electric</a>. Pasmens, lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_de_combustion_int%C3%A8rna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor de combustion intèrna (la pagina existís pas)">motor de combustion intèrna</a>, pus pichon, s'impausèt pauc a pauc. L'organizacion dei premierei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Competicion_automobila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Competicion automobila (la pagina existís pas)">competicions automobilas</a> favorizèt mai aquela evolucion. En parallèl, lei <a href="/wiki/Rota" title="Rota">rotas</a> foguèron modernizadas per permetre lo passatge dei veituras. Puei, a la fin deis <a href="/wiki/Ans_1910" title="Ans 1910">ans 1910</a>, una revolucion majora se debanèt amb la <a href="/wiki/Ford_T" title="Ford T">Ford T</a> que marquèt l'introduccion de tecnicas de produccion de massa dins l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Industria_automobila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Industria automobila (la pagina existís pas)">industria automobila</a>. Dempuei aquela data, l'organizacion generala de la construccion automobila a gardat aquelei principis amb un esfòrç important en matèria de recèrca e desvolopament e la mesa en òbra de tecnicas <a href="/wiki/Industria" class="mw-redirect" title="Industria">industrialas</a> permetent de produrre rapidament de quantitats importantas de veituras. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lo_foncionament_d'una_automobila"><span id="Lo_foncionament_d.27una_automobila"></span>Lo foncionament d'una automobila</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo foncionament d'una automobila" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo foncionament d'una automobila"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lo_motor">Lo motor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo motor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo motor"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motorizacion</a> es l'element centrau dau foncionament d'una automobila. Assegura la transformacion d'una <a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a> non mecanica en energia mecanica e permet ansin de produrre un <a href="/wiki/Trabalh_(fisica)" title="Trabalh (fisica)">trabalh</a> capable de metre en movement lo veïcul. Es sovent caracterizat per tres proprietats principalas que son l'origina de l'<a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a> non mecanica utilizada, sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poissan%C3%A7a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poissança (la pagina existís pas)">poissança</a> e son <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coble_(fisica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coble (fisica) (la pagina existís pas)">coble</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lo_motor_termic">Lo motor termic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo motor termic" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=4" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo motor termic"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_de_combustion_int%C3%A8rna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor de combustion intèrna (la pagina existís pas)">Motor de combustion intèrna</a>.</div> <p>Au començament dau sègle XXI, lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_de_combustion_int%C3%A8rna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor de combustion intèrna (la pagina existís pas)">motors de combustion intèrna</a> asseguran la propulsion de la màger part deis automobilas. Per aquò, transforma l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_quimica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energia quimica (la pagina existís pas)">energia quimica</a> d'un <a href="/wiki/Carburant" title="Carburant">carburant</a> qu'engendra una <a href="/wiki/Reaccion_quimica" title="Reaccion quimica">reaccion</a> de <a href="/wiki/Combustion" title="Combustion">combustion</a> quand es mesclat amb l'<a href="/wiki/Aire" title="Aire">aire</a>. La produccion de l'<a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a> mecanica es realizada per la mesa en movement d'un sistèma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biela (la pagina existís pas)">biela</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maniv%C3%A8la&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manivèla (la pagina existís pas)">manivèla</a> per lei <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a> e per l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_termica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energia termica (la pagina existís pas)">energia termica</a> d'aquela reaccion. Generalament, lo carburant es menat de la sèrva au motor per una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pompa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pompa (la pagina existís pas)">pompa</a>. Pasmens, existís egalament de <a href="/wiki/Carburant" title="Carburant">carburants</a> <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a>ós, coma lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_de_petr%C3%B2li_liquefiat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gas de petròli liquefiat (la pagina existís pas)">GPL</a>, onte l'arribada dau carburant es l'òbra d'un destendor. </p><p>Lo sistèma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biela (la pagina existís pas)">biela</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maniv%C3%A8la&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manivèla (la pagina existís pas)">manivèla</a> permet de crear un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coble_(fisica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coble (fisica) (la pagina existís pas)">coble</a> segon lo principi seguent : lei <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a> exercisson una <a href="/wiki/Pression" title="Pression">pression</a> sus un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piston (la pagina existís pas)">piston</a> qu'entraïna una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biela (la pagina existís pas)">biela</a> liada a un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virabiqu%C3%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virabiquí (la pagina existís pas)">virabiquí</a>. La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotacion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rotacion (la pagina existís pas)">rotacion</a> d'aqueu darrier es a l'origina dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coble_(fisica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coble (fisica) (la pagina existís pas)">coble</a> dau <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a>. Generalament, un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_termic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor termic (la pagina existís pas)">motor termic</a> es constituit de plusors <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piston (la pagina existís pas)">pistons</a> e ensembles <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biela (la pagina existís pas)">biela</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maniv%C3%A8la&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manivèla (la pagina existís pas)">manivèla</a> que son liats a un meteis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virabiqu%C3%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virabiquí (la pagina existís pas)">virabiquí</a>. </p><p>Dos tipes de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_de_combustion_int%C3%A8rna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor de combustion intèrna (la pagina existís pas)">motors de combustion intèrna</a> son utilizats per leis automobilas modèrnas. Lo premier es lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_d%27alumatge_comandat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor d'alumatge comandat (la pagina existís pas)">motor d'alumatge comandat</a> o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_d%27ess%C3%A9ncia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor d'esséncia (la pagina existís pas)">motor d'esséncia</a>. Dins un tau motor, la mescla d'<a href="/wiki/Aire" title="Aire">aire</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Carburant" title="Carburant">carburant</a> es enflamada per una beluga congreada per una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bogia_(motor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bogia (motor) (la pagina existís pas)">bogia</a>. Lo segond es lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_Diesel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor Diesel (la pagina existís pas)">motor Diesel</a> qu'assegura l'alumatge de la mescla <a href="/wiki/Aire" title="Aire">aire</a>-<a href="/wiki/Carburant" title="Carburant">carburant</a> gràcias a una aumentacion de la <a href="/wiki/Pression" title="Pression">pression</a> que permet d'agantar sa <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a> d'auto-inflamacion<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rendiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rendiment (la pagina existís pas)">rendiment</a> d'aquelei <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motors</a> es de l'òrdre de 30 a 45%. Aquelei valors relativament feblas s'explican per la pèrda d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_quimica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energia quimica (la pagina existís pas)">energia quimica</a> (pompatge, fretaments mecanics, <a href="/wiki/Calor" title="Calor">calor</a>...)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lo_motor_electric">Lo motor electric</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo motor electric" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=5" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo motor electric"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veitura_electrica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veitura electrica (la pagina existís pas)">Veitura electrica</a>.</div> <p>Apareguda au sègle XIX, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veitura_electrica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veitura electrica (la pagina existís pas)">veitura electrica</a> suscita un interès important dempuei la fin dau sègle XX car son <a href="/w/index.php?title=Impacte_environamentau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Impacte environamentau (la pagina existís pas)">impacte environamentau</a> es − en teoria − pus feble qu'una veitura termica <a href="/wiki/Tradicion" title="Tradicion">tradicionala</a>. Sa propulsion es assegurada per un ò mai d'un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_electric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor electric (la pagina existís pas)">motor electric</a> que posan son <a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a> d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Accumulator_electric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Accumulator electric (la pagina existís pas)">accumulators electrics</a>. Dins lei fasas de frenatge, lei motors electrics modèrnes son tanben capables de convertir una partida de l'<a href="/wiki/Energia_cinetica" title="Energia cinetica">energia cinetica</a> de l'automobila per tornar cargar leis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Accumulator_electric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Accumulator electric (la pagina existís pas)">accumulators</a>. </p><p>Dos tipes de motors electrics son utilizats dins l'industria automobila modèrna. Son definits per la natura dau <a href="/wiki/Corrent_electric" title="Corrent electric">corrent electric</a> : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Corrent_contin%C3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corrent continü (la pagina existís pas)">continü</a> ò <a href="/wiki/Corrent_alternatiu" title="Corrent alternatiu">alternatiu</a>. Pasmens, lo foncionament generau dei doas familhas es relativament similar. L'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_electrica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energia electrica (la pagina existís pas)">energia electrica</a> es transmesa ai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobina_(electricitat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bobina (electricitat) (la pagina existís pas)">bobinas</a> dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rotor (la pagina existís pas)">rotor</a> e/ò de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Estator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estator (la pagina existís pas)">estator</a> que, per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Induccion_magnetica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Induccion magnetica (la pagina existís pas)">induccion magnetica</a> amb leis asimants de l'autra partida, entraïnan la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotacion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rotacion (la pagina existís pas)">rotacion</a> dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rotor (la pagina existís pas)">rotor</a>. Coma lei <a href="/wiki/Maquina" title="Maquina">maquinas</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maquina_electrica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maquina electrica (la pagina existís pas)">electricas</a> son reversiblas, aqueu principi explica la possibilitat de recargar l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Accumulator_electric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Accumulator electric (la pagina existís pas)">accumulator</a> durant lei frenatges. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lo_motor_ibrid">Lo motor ibrid</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo motor ibrid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=6" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo motor ibrid"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Propulsion_ibrida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Propulsion ibrida (la pagina existís pas)">Propulsion ibrida</a>.</div> <p>La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Propulsion_ibrida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Propulsion ibrida (la pagina existís pas)">propulsion ibrida</a> es basada sus lo principi d'una associacion entre un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_termic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor termic (la pagina existís pas)">motor termic</a> e un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_electric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor electric (la pagina existís pas)">motor electric</a>. L'idèa es d'esplechar lei ponchs fòrts dei dos sistèmas de <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motorizacion</a> per prepausar una automobila amb un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Impacte_environamentau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Impacte environamentau (la pagina existís pas)">impacte environamentau</a> reduch. Es donc un concèpte que conoís un desvolopament important dempuei lo començament dau sègle XXI. Ansin, lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_termic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor termic (la pagina existís pas)">motor termic</a> assegura la propulsion ai <a href="/wiki/Velocitat" title="Velocitat">velocitats</a> importantas e permet de recargar leis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Accumulator_electric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Accumulator electric (la pagina existís pas)">accumulators electrics</a> dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_electric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor electric (la pagina existís pas)">motor electric</a>. Pòu tanben o remplaçar en cas de besonh. De son caire, lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_electric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor electric (la pagina existís pas)">motor electric</a> es utilizat ai <a href="/wiki/Velocitat" title="Velocitat">velocitats</a> feblas, çò que permet normalament de redurre leis emissions de <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a> dins lei zònas <a href="/wiki/Vila" title="Vila">urbanas</a>. Dins aquò, la concepcion d'un veïcul ibrid es un pretzfach fòrça complèx car necessita lo desvolopament d'una partida <a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electronica</a> capabla de gerir lei relacions entre lei dos <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motors</a>. De mai, dins certanei cas, la <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massa</a> de l'alimentacion <a href="/wiki/Electricitat" title="Electricitat">electrica</a> entraïna una aumentacion de la consumacion dau motor termic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_transmission">La transmission</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : La transmission" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=7" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La transmission"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La transmission es l'ensemble mecanic que, per permetre lo desplaçament de l'automobila, transmet lo coble de l'aubre de sortida dau <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a> vèrs lei <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_transmission_primària"><span id="La_transmission_prim.C3.A0ria"></span>La transmission primària</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modificar la seccion : La transmission primària" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=8" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La transmission primària"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B3stia_de_cambi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bóstia de cambi (la pagina existís pas)">Bóstia de cambi</a>.</div> <p>La <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B3stia_de_cambi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bóstia de cambi (la pagina existís pas)">bóstia de cambi</a> es un organ mecanic que permet d'adaptar lo coble motor disponible ai besonhs dau conductor. En particular, optimiza la la <a href="/wiki/Velocitat" title="Velocitat">velocitat</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotacion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rotacion (la pagina existís pas)">rotacion</a> dau <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a> per s'adaptar ai variacions de la <a href="/wiki/Velocitat" title="Velocitat">velocitat</a> de desplaçament dau veïcul, de la penda de la <a href="/wiki/Rota" title="Rota">rota</a> ò de la <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massa</a> de la carga transportada. Per aquò, una <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B3stia_de_cambi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bóstia de cambi (la pagina existís pas)">bóstia de cambi</a> es constituida de <a href="/wiki/Pinhon_(mecanica)" title="Pinhon (mecanica)">pinhons</a> mobils e fixs montats sus d'aisses e estremats dins un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cart%C3%A8r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cartèr (la pagina existís pas)">cartèr</a> estanc e lubrificat. Aqueu sistèma permet de modificar lo rapòrt de demultiplicacion, es a dire la relacion entre la velocitat de rotacion dau <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a> e aquela dei <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a> motritz. A l'aplant ò per permetre lo passatge entre dos pinhons diferents, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B3stia_de_cambi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bóstia de cambi (la pagina existís pas)">bóstia de cambi</a> es acoblada au <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a> per lo mejan d'un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Embraiatge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Embraiatge (la pagina existís pas)">embraiatge</a>, un element que permet d'isolar, d'un biais temporari, la transmission dau motor. </p><p>Existís plusors modèls de <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B3stia_de_cambi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bóstia de cambi (la pagina existís pas)">bóstia de cambi</a>. Lo pus simple es la bóstia manuala qu'es totalament gerida per lo conductor. La bóstia robotizada es relativament similara a la bóstia manuala mai lei cambiaments de rapòrts son realizats per d'accionaires (idraulics ò electromecanics). Lo conductor pòu dirigir son utilizacion ò laissar l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Automata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Automata (la pagina existís pas)">automata</a> <a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electronic</a> decidir dei cambiaments. Lei bóstias automaticas son totalament contrarotladas per un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Automata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Automata (la pagina existís pas)">automata</a> <a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electronic</a>. Enfin, lei bóstias de variacion continua son concebudas a l'entorn de doas <a href="/wiki/Carr%C3%A8la" title="Carrèla">carrèlas</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Diam%C3%A8tre" title="Diamètre">diamètre</a> variable, liadas per una <a href="/wiki/Correja" title="Correja">correja</a>. Gràcias a un sistèma de variacion automatica dei diamètres dei carrèlas, un tau sistèma permet una adaptacion rapida dau coble motor. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_transmission_segondària"><span id="La_transmission_segond.C3.A0ria"></span>La transmission segondària</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modificar la seccion : La transmission segondària" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=9" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La transmission segondària"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_segond%C3%A0ria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transmission segondària (la pagina existís pas)">Transmission segondària</a>.</div> <p>La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_segond%C3%A0ria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transmission segondària (la pagina existís pas)">transmission segondària</a> es lo sistèma que permet de transmetre lo coble motor, adaptat per la <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B3stia_de_cambi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bóstia de cambi (la pagina existís pas)">bóstia de cambi</a>, ai <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a>. Aqueu ròtle es generalament tengut per lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%B2nt_(mecanica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pònt (mecanica) (la pagina existís pas)">pònt</a>, una pèça liada ai ròdas motritz per dos aubres dotats de <a href="/wiki/Cardan" title="Cardan">cardans</a>. Aquel organ intègra un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diferenciau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diferenciau (la pagina existís pas)">diferenciau</a> que permet de donar una velocitat diferenta ai ròdas d'un meteis eissiu (per exemple, dins un contorn). </p><p>Tres metòdes de transmission existisson. La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Traccion_(automobila)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Traccion (automobila) (la pagina existís pas)">traccion</a> es caracterizada per l'aplicacion de la poissança dau motor sus lei <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a> avans. L'automobila es ansin tirada. Lo principi invèrs es utilizat sus lei <a href="/wiki/Propulsion_(automobila)" title="Propulsion (automobila)">propulsions</a> onte lo coble motor es dirigit vèrs lei ròdas de darrier. Enfin, dins una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_integrala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transmission integrala (la pagina existís pas)">transmission integrala</a>, lei dos sistèmas coexistisson per permetre un maximom de mobilitat, especialament per un usatge tot-terren. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lo_contacte_amb_lo_sòu"><span id="Lo_contacte_amb_lo_s.C3.B2u"></span>Lo contacte amb lo sòu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo contacte amb lo sòu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=10" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo contacte amb lo sòu"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lei_ròdas"><span id="Lei_r.C3.B2das"></span>Lei ròdas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei ròdas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=11" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei ròdas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">Ròda</a>.</div> <p>Una automobila dispausa generalament de quatre <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a> e d'una <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B2da_de_secors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ròda de secors (la pagina existís pas)">ròda de secors</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Aquelei <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a> son formadas per un pneumatic montat sus una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Genta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genta (la pagina existís pas)">genta</a>. Aquel ensemble constituís un espaci estanc generalament gonflat d'<a href="/wiki/Aire" title="Aire">aire</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Lei <a href="/wiki/Pn%C3%A8u" class="mw-redirect" title="Pnèu">pnèus</a> an un ròtle fòrça important car son l'interfàcia entre lo veïcul e lo sòu. Per aquela rason, participan a l'establiment d'accions mecanicas dau sòu sus lo veïcul (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fren (la pagina existís pas)">frenatge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acceleracion" title="Acceleracion">acceleracion</a>...). Existís plusors tipes diferents adaptats ai condicions d'aderéncia (<a href="/wiki/Plueja" class="mw-redirect" title="Plueja">plueja</a>, <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A8u" title="Nèu">nèu</a>...). Necessitan una entretenença e de cambiaments regulars per mantenir sei performàncias. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_suspension">La suspension</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modificar la seccion : La suspension" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=12" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La suspension"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suspension_de_ve%C3%AFcul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suspension de veïcul (la pagina existís pas)">Suspension de veïcul</a>.</div> <p>Lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suspension_d%27un_ve%C3%AFcul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suspension d'un veïcul (la pagina existís pas)">suspensions</a> son leis elements que permèton de liar lei <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massas</a> penjadas (<a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a>, quadre...) e lei <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massas</a> non penjadas (<a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a>, sistèma de freinatge...). La suspension dau quadre assegura la liason entre lo quadre e lei <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a>. Assegura la tenguda de ròda, lo confòrt dei passatgiers, la reduccion de l'<a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a> transmesa dins l'estructura de l'automobila per leis irregularitats de la <a href="/wiki/Rota" title="Rota">rota</a>. Dins la màger part dei cas, es compausada d'un sistèma de braç associats a de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ress%C3%B2rts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ressòrts (la pagina existís pas)">ressòrts</a> e un amortidor idraulic. Constituís ansin una liason elastica entre lo quadre e cada <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròda</a> dau veïcul. Uei, de dispositius <a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electronics</a> complètan sovent aqueleis elements per melhorar son eficacitat. </p><p>La suspension motor assegura la liason entre lo quadre e lo <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a>. Permet de demenir lei vibracions transmesas per lo <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a> a l'estructura de l'automobila. Aquò permet de melhorar lo confòrt dei passatgiers e la fisabilitat generala dei pèças mecanicas que compausan lo veïcul. Lei liasons elasticas, generalament constituidas de <a href="/wiki/Cauch%C3%B3" title="Cauchó">cauchó</a>, son privilegiadas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_conducha">La conducha</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modificar la seccion : La conducha" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=13" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La conducha"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_direccion_e_lei_pedalas">La direccion e lei pedalas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modificar la seccion : La direccion e lei pedalas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=14" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La direccion e lei pedalas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Direccion_(automobila)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direccion (automobila) (la pagina existís pas)">Direccion (automobila)</a>.</div> <p>Lo sistèma de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Direccion_(automobila)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direccion (automobila) (la pagina existís pas)">direccion</a> permet d'orientar l'automobila dins la direccion desirada. Es compausada de plusors pèças. Sa premiera partida es lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Volant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volant (la pagina existís pas)">volant</a>, un dispositiu de comanda manuala qu'es tengut per lo conductor. Sa segonda partida es la colona de direccion que permet de transmetre lo coble aplicat sus lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Volant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volant (la pagina existís pas)">volant</a> ai bieletas de direccion (liadas ai <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a>) per lo mejan de la caisseta de direccion. Existís dos tipes de caissetas : siá un sistèma pilhon que s'engrana sus un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cremascle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cremascle (la pagina existís pas)">cremascle</a> siá un sistèma de <a href="/wiki/Vitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitz">vitz</a> amb una circulacion de bilhas. Enfin, dins leis automobilas modèrnas, un sistèma d'ajuda es sovent associat a la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Direccion_(automobila)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direccion (automobila) (la pagina existís pas)">direccion</a> per limitar l'esfòrç necessari a l'aplicacion d'un coble sus lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Volant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volant (la pagina existís pas)">volant</a>. Es basat sus de sistèmas adaptatius que permèton d'amplificar lei movements donats per lo conductor. </p> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedala_(mecanica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedala (mecanica) (la pagina existís pas)">Pedala (mecanica)</a>.</div> <p>Lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedala_(mecanica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedala (mecanica) (la pagina existís pas)">pedalas</a> son un ensemble de comandas que permèton au conductor d'agir sus lo grop motopropulsor de l'automobila e sus lo sistèma principau de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fren (la pagina existís pas)">frenatge</a>. En <a href="/wiki/Occit%C3%A0nia" title="Occitània">Occitània</a>, la màger part dei veituras tènon tres pedalas. A senèstra, la pedala d'embraiatge permet de cambiar lei marchas en desacoblant la <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B3stia_de_cambi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bóstia de cambi (la pagina existís pas)">bóstia de cambi</a> e lo <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a>. Au centre, se tròba la pedala dau sistèma de frenatge. A drecha, la pedala de l'accelerator permet d'aumentar la <a href="/wiki/Velocitat" title="Velocitat">velocitat</a> dau veïcul. Dins leis automobilas equipats d'una bóstia de cambi automatica, i a pas de pedala d'embraiatge. </p><p>Enfin, plaçada au nivèu dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Volant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volant (la pagina existís pas)">volant</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taula_de_b%C3%B2rd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taula de bòrd (la pagina existís pas)">taula de bòrd</a> permet d'afichar d'informacions sus lo foncionament dau veïcul coma la <a href="/wiki/Velocitat" title="Velocitat">velocitat</a>, lo nivèu de la resèrva de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carburat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carburat (la pagina existís pas)">carburat</a> e la <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a> dau <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a>. D'alarmas pòdon tanben sinhalar un problema coma una pression insufisenta dins lei <a href="/wiki/Pneumatic" title="Pneumatic">pneumatics</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lei_sistèmas_de_frenatge"><span id="Lei_sist.C3.A8mas_de_frenatge"></span>Lei sistèmas de frenatge</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei sistèmas de frenatge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=15" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei sistèmas de frenatge"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fren (la pagina existís pas)">Fren</a>.</div> <p>Una automobila tèn plusors sistèmas de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fren (la pagina existís pas)">frenatge</a> que permèton de demenir la <a href="/wiki/Velocitat" title="Velocitat">velocitat</a> dau veïcul ò de l'immobilizar. Lo premier es lo « fren motor » que consistís a utilizar l'<a href="/wiki/Inercia" title="Inercia">inercia</a> dau <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a> per alentir la veitura. Per aquò, lo conductor arrèsta d'utilizar la pedala d'acceleracion, çò qu'empacha l'intrada de <a href="/wiki/Carburant" title="Carburant">carburant</a> dins lo motor. Òr, sensa l'apòrt de l'<a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a> eissida de la <a href="/wiki/Combustion" title="Combustion">combustion</a> dau carburant, lo motor es obligat d'utilizar l'<a href="/wiki/Energia_cinetica" title="Energia cinetica">energia cinetica</a> de l'automobila per comprimir l'<a href="/wiki/Aire" title="Aire">aire</a> admés dedins. Aquò engendra una resisténcia mai ò mens fòrta a l'avançament. Dins lei veïculs electrics, un efiech similar es obtengut dau meteis biais. Pasmens, dins aqueu cas, la veitura utiliza l'energia cinetica per recargar seis accumulators, çò que l'empedís d'aumentar sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Velocita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Velocita (la pagina existís pas)">velocita</a>. </p><p>Lo sistèma de frenatge principau es dirigit per la pedala de frenatge. Permet una accion pus rapida gràcias a l'entraïnament de frens idraulics qu'intervènon dirèctament sus lei <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a>. L'energia dau veïcul es alora dissipada sota forma de <a href="/wiki/Calor" title="Calor">calor</a>. Per assegurar son eficacitat, aquelei frens son generalament contrarotlats per de dispositius idraulics ò electronics. Enfin, es possible de blocar totalament lo movement dei <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a> gràcias au fren d'estacionament. Aqueu fren es utilizat per l'estacionament dau veïcul ò dins de situacions d'urgéncia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leis_organs_de_seguretat">Leis organs de seguretat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modificar la seccion : Leis organs de seguretat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=16" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Leis organs de seguretat"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_seguretat_activa">La seguretat activa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modificar la seccion : La seguretat activa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=17" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La seguretat activa"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:2005_winter_road_dipped_beam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/2005_winter_road_dipped_beam.jpg/220px-2005_winter_road_dipped_beam.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/2005_winter_road_dipped_beam.jpg/330px-2005_winter_road_dipped_beam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/2005_winter_road_dipped_beam.jpg/440px-2005_winter_road_dipped_beam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="532" /></a><figcaption>Utilizacion de lumes per esclairar una <a href="/wiki/Rota" title="Rota">rota</a> de <a href="/wiki/Nuech" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuech">nuech</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Leis organs de seguretat « activa » designan l'ensemble deis elements que son més en òbra dins l'utilizacion d'una automobila per defugir un accident. Son generalament gropats dins tres ensembles principaus. Lei dispositius d'esclairatge permèton d'esclairar la <a href="/wiki/Rota" title="Rota">rota</a> de <a href="/wiki/Nuech" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuech">nuech</a> ò d'informar d'autrei veïculs sus leis accions dau conductor (lumes de posicion, lumes roges de frenatge...). Dins certanei modèls recents, i a tanben de lumes utilizats durant la jornada per melhorar la visibilitat de l'automobila per leis autrei conductors. Lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Retrovisor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Retrovisor (la pagina existís pas)">retrovisors</a> son destinats a facilitar l'observacion de l'environament immediat. Son compausats d'un <a href="/wiki/Miralh" title="Miralh">mirau</a> orientables que permèton de veire a l'arrier. Enfin, leis eissugaveires e lo lavavitra permèton de netetjar lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parabrisa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parabrisa (la pagina existís pas)">parabrisa</a> per melhorar la visibilitat dau conductor. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_seguretat_passiva">La seguretat passiva</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modificar la seccion : La seguretat passiva" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=18" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La seguretat passiva"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Leis organs de seguretat « passiva » designan principalament l'ensemble deis elements destinats a redurre la gravitat d'un accident. Dins una automobila, fòrça elements participan a aquel objectiu siá d'un biais dirècte siá d'un biais indirècte. Dins la premiera partida, se tròban de pèças dirèctament concebudas per protegir lo conductor coma lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paratuert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paratuert (la pagina existís pas)">paratuerts</a>, lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cencha_de_seguretat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cencha de seguretat (la pagina existís pas)">cenchas de seguretat</a>, leis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Airbag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Airbag (la pagina existís pas)">airbags</a> e leis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arc%C3%A8u_de_seguretat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arcèu de seguretat (la pagina existís pas)">arcèus de seguretat</a>. En revènge, una colona de direccion fabricada per se rompre en defòra de l'abitacle fa partida dau segond grop d'equipaments de seguretat passiva. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lei_diferents_tipes_d'automobila"><span id="Lei_diferents_tipes_d.27automobila"></span>Lei diferents tipes d'automobila</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei diferents tipes d'automobila" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=19" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei diferents tipes d'automobila"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Segment_automobil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Segment automobil (la pagina existís pas)">Segment automobil</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lei_ciutadinas">Lei ciutadinas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei ciutadinas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=20" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei ciutadinas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Fiat_Panda_front_20071205.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Fiat_Panda_front_20071205.jpg/220px-Fiat_Panda_front_20071205.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Fiat_Panda_front_20071205.jpg/330px-Fiat_Panda_front_20071205.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Fiat_Panda_front_20071205.jpg/440px-Fiat_Panda_front_20071205.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1443" data-file-height="1104" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiat_Panda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fiat Panda (la pagina existís pas)">Fiat Panda</a>, un exemple de ciutadina.</figcaption></figure> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciutadina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciutadina (la pagina existís pas)">Ciutadina</a>.</div> <p>Lei automobilas « ciutadinas » son d'automobilas pichonas, d'una longor maximala de 3,70 m, que son adaptadas ai desplaçaments e ais estacionaments dins lei zònas urbanas. De mai, son sovent de veïculs d'intrada de gamma amb un còst limitat. Lei pus pichonas an solament doas plaças mai la màger part dei modèls actuaus pòdon transportar quatre passatgiers. Un autre interès d'aqueu tipe d'automobila es sa poissança febla que permet de redurre sa consumacion de <a href="/wiki/Carburant" title="Carburant">carburant</a>. La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiat_Panda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fiat Panda (la pagina existís pas)">Fiat Panda</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Renault_Twingo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renault Twingo (la pagina existís pas)">Renault Twingo</a> e la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Smart_Fortwo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smart Fortwo (la pagina existís pas)">Smart Fortwo</a> son d'exemples de veituras d'aquela categoria. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leis_ciutadinas_polivalentas">Leis ciutadinas polivalentas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Modificar la seccion : Leis ciutadinas polivalentas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=21" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Leis ciutadinas polivalentas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciutadina_polivalenta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciutadina polivalenta (la pagina existís pas)">Ciutadina polivalenta</a>.</div> <p>Lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciutadina_polivalenta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciutadina polivalenta (la pagina existís pas)">ciutadinas polivalentas</a> son d'automobilas leugieras aparegudas dins leis <a href="/wiki/Ans_1970" title="Ans 1970">ans 1970</a>. D'una longor mejana situada entre 3,5 e 4,1 <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A8tre" title="Mètre">m</a>, ofrisson un nivèu de confòrt corrècte per lei trajèctes rotiers tot en demorant ben adaptadas a la circulacion urbana. Pasmens, lo nivèu de confòrt e lei performàncias rotieras demòran inferioras a aquelei deis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila_compacta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Automobila compacta (la pagina existís pas)">automobilas compactas</a>. Aquelei modèls son fòrça populars en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a>, compres en <a href="/wiki/Occit%C3%A0nia" title="Occitània">Occitània</a>. D'exemples de veituras d'aquela categoria son la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citro%C3%ABn_C3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citroën C3 (la pagina existís pas)">Citroën C3</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dacia_Sandero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dacia Sandero (la pagina existís pas)">Dacia Sandero</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peugeot_208&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peugeot 208 (la pagina existís pas)">Peugeot 208</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Renault_Clio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renault Clio (la pagina existís pas)">Renault Clio</a> e la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toyota_Yaris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toyota Yaris (la pagina existís pas)">Toyota Yaris</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leis_automobilas_compactas">Leis automobilas compactas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Modificar la seccion : Leis automobilas compactas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=22" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Leis automobilas compactas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:2017_Renault_Megane_Dynamique_S_NAV_DC_1.5_Front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/2017_Renault_Megane_Dynamique_S_NAV_DC_1.5_Front.jpg/220px-2017_Renault_Megane_Dynamique_S_NAV_DC_1.5_Front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/2017_Renault_Megane_Dynamique_S_NAV_DC_1.5_Front.jpg/330px-2017_Renault_Megane_Dynamique_S_NAV_DC_1.5_Front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/2017_Renault_Megane_Dynamique_S_NAV_DC_1.5_Front.jpg/440px-2017_Renault_Megane_Dynamique_S_NAV_DC_1.5_Front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4541" data-file-height="2238" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renault_M%C3%A9gane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renault Mégane (la pagina existís pas)">Renault Mégane</a>, un exemple de compacta.</figcaption></figure> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila_compacta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Automobila compacta (la pagina existís pas)">Automobila compacta</a>.</div> <p>Leis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila_compacta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Automobila compacta (la pagina existís pas)">automobilas compactas</a> (ò familialas compactas) son d'automobilas familialas de talha mejana. D'una longor mejana compresa entre 4,2 e 4,5 m, son destinadas a totei lei tipes de circulacions. Lo nivèu de confòrt permet de realizar de trajèctes rotiers lòng sensa problema particular. D'exemples de veïculs d'aqueu grop son l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfa_Romeo_Giulietta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfa Romeo Giulietta (la pagina existís pas)">Alfa Romeo Giulietta</a>, l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Audi_A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Audi A3 (la pagina existís pas)">Audi A3</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peugeot_308&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peugeot 308 (la pagina existís pas)">Peugeot 308</a> ò la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ford_Focus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ford Focus (la pagina existís pas)">Ford Focus</a>. </p><p>Lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monovolum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monovolum (la pagina existís pas)">monovolums</a> son un tipe particular de veituras familialas. De còps derivats de veïculs utilitaris, son d'automobilas optimizadas per ofrir un espaci interior maximau. D'exemples de monovolums son la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toyota_Prius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toyota Prius (la pagina existís pas)">Toyota Prius</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citro%C3%ABn_Berlingo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citroën Berlingo (la pagina existís pas)">Citroën Berlingo</a> ò la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Renault_Kangoo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renault Kangoo (la pagina existís pas)">Renault Kangoo</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lei_berlinas_familialas">Lei berlinas familialas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei berlinas familialas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=23" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei berlinas familialas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:BMW_328i_F30_2012_vl_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BMW_328i_F30_2012_vl_2.jpg/220px-BMW_328i_F30_2012_vl_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BMW_328i_F30_2012_vl_2.jpg/330px-BMW_328i_F30_2012_vl_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BMW_328i_F30_2012_vl_2.jpg/440px-BMW_328i_F30_2012_vl_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3260" data-file-height="2173" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_Seria_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW Seria 3 (la pagina existís pas)">BMW Seria 3</a>, un exemple de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berlina_familiala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berlina familiala (la pagina existís pas)">berlina familiala</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berlina_familiala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berlina familiala (la pagina existís pas)">Berlina familiala</a>.</div> <p>Lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berlina_familialas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berlina familialas (la pagina existís pas)">berlinas familialas</a> son d'automobilas pus gròssas e pus poderosas qu'una compacta. Es principalament destinada au transpòrt de cinc a sièis personas sus de distàncias lòngas. En <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a>, sa longor actuala se situa entre 4,50 a 4,90 m. Fòrça <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berlina_familiala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berlina familiala (la pagina existís pas)">berlinas familialas</a> ofrisson un important nivèu de confòrt e certanei modèls son considerats coma d'automobilas de luxe. D'exemples d'aquela classa de veitura son la <a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_Seria_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW Seria 3 (la pagina existís pas)">BMW Seria 3</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ford_Mondeo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ford Mondeo (la pagina existís pas)">Ford Mondeo</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mercedes-Benz_Classa_C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mercedes-Benz Classa C (la pagina existís pas)">Mercedes-Benz Classa C</a> e la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkswagen_Passat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volkswagen Passat (la pagina existís pas)">Volkswagen Passat</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lei_berlinas_de_luxe">Lei berlinas de luxe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei berlinas de luxe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=24" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei berlinas de luxe"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lei berlinas de luxe son un ensemble de veitura de talha importanta, sovent d'una longor superiora a 4,90 m. Son equipadas de <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motors</a> poderós (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_V6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor V6 (la pagina existís pas)">V6</a> ò <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_V8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor V8 (la pagina existís pas)">V8</a>) e son luxuosas. Per aquelei rasons, lor còst es sovent aut e una tala veitura es considerada coma un objècte de prestigi sociau dins mai d'una region. D'exemples d'automobilas d'aqueu tipe son l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Audi_A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Audi A8 (la pagina existís pas)">Audi A8</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Ghost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolls-Royce Ghost (la pagina existís pas)">Rolls-Royce Ghost</a> e la <a href="/w/index.php?title=DS_9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DS 9 (la pagina existís pas)">DS 9</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lei_veïculs_utilitaris_espòrt"><span id="Lei_ve.C3.AFculs_utilitaris_esp.C3.B2rt"></span>Lei veïculs utilitaris espòrt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei veïculs utilitaris espòrt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=25" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei veïculs utilitaris espòrt"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:1967_Kaiser_Jeep_Wagoneer_photo-2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/1967_Kaiser_Jeep_Wagoneer_photo-2.JPG/220px-1967_Kaiser_Jeep_Wagoneer_photo-2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/1967_Kaiser_Jeep_Wagoneer_photo-2.JPG/330px-1967_Kaiser_Jeep_Wagoneer_photo-2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/1967_Kaiser_Jeep_Wagoneer_photo-2.JPG/440px-1967_Kaiser_Jeep_Wagoneer_photo-2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2984" data-file-height="2242" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeep_Wagoneer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeep Wagoneer (la pagina existís pas)">Jeep Wagoneer</a> version 1966, un dei premiers modèls de SUV.</figcaption></figure> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ve%C3%AFcul_utilitari_esp%C3%B2rt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veïcul utilitari espòrt (la pagina existís pas)">Veïcul utilitari espòrt</a>.</div> <p>Apareguts dins leis <a href="/wiki/Ans_1960" title="Ans 1960">ans 1960</a>, lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ve%C3%AFcul_utilitari_esp%C3%B2rt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veïcul utilitari espòrt (la pagina existís pas)">veïculs utilitaris espòrt</a> (ò SUV segon lor <a href="/wiki/Acronim" title="Acronim">acronim</a> <a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">anglés</a>) son un modèl d'automobilas que conoís una popularitat creissenta dempuei leis <a href="/wiki/Ans_1990" title="Ans 1990">ans 1990</a>. Son de derivats de veïculs tot terrens inspirats per la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeep&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeep (la pagina existís pas)">Jeep</a>. Ofrisson de volums sovent importants, un bòn nivèu de confòrt e son de còps dotats d'una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_integrala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transmission integrala (la pagina existís pas)">transmission integrala</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Pasmens, son l'objècte de criticas importantas en causa de sa consumacion de <a href="/wiki/Carburant" title="Carburant">carburant</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lei_pick-up">Lei pick-up</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei pick-up" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=26" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei pick-up"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pick-up&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pick-up (la pagina existís pas)">pick-up</a> son de veïculs utilitaris leugiers derivats d'automobilas, generalament de berlinas. Inicialament destinats au transpòrt de bens per lei païsans ò lei marchands, son venguts, coma lei SUV, de veïculs de la vida vidanta. Aquela evolucion entraïnèt una aumentacion dau nivèu de confòrt e dau nombre de plaças (de dos a quatre). Rars en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a>, lei pick-up son pus frequents en <a href="/wiki/America" title="America">America</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Austr%C3%A0lia" title="Austràlia">Austràlia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lei_veituras_d'espòrt"><span id="Lei_veituras_d.27esp.C3.B2rt"></span>Lei veituras d'espòrt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei veituras d'espòrt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=27" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei veituras d'espòrt"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Ferrari_Testarossa_(14686650099).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ferrari_Testarossa_%2814686650099%29.jpg/220px-Ferrari_Testarossa_%2814686650099%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ferrari_Testarossa_%2814686650099%29.jpg/330px-Ferrari_Testarossa_%2814686650099%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ferrari_Testarossa_%2814686650099%29.jpg/440px-Ferrari_Testarossa_%2814686650099%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6601" data-file-height="4406" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fotografia" title="Fotografia">Fotografia</a> d'una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferrari_Testarossa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferrari Testarossa (la pagina existís pas)">Ferrari Testarossa</a>, un exemple de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veitura_d%27esp%C3%B2rt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veitura d'espòrt (la pagina existís pas)">veitura d'espòrt</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veitura_d%27esp%C3%B2rt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veitura d'espòrt (la pagina existís pas)">Veitura d'espòrt</a>.</div> <p>Una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veitura_d%27esp%C3%B2rt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veitura d'espòrt (la pagina existís pas)">veitura d'espòrt</a> pòu èsser definida coma una automobila que sa concepcion a per objectiu de maximizar lei performàncias e lei sensacions au detriment dau volum util, dau còst e dau confòrt. Certanei modèls son destinats a la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Competicion_automobila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Competicion automobila (la pagina existís pas)">competicion automobila</a>. La màger part dispausan solament de doas plaças e son produchs en quantitats limitadas. D'exemples de constructors de veituras d'espòrt son <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfa_Romeo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfa Romeo (la pagina existís pas)">Alfa Romeo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpine (la pagina existís pas)">Alpine</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferrari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferrari (la pagina existís pas)">Ferrari</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Porsche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Porsche (la pagina existís pas)">Porsche</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="L'industria_e_la_consumacion_automobila"><span id="L.27industria_e_la_consumacion_automobila"></span>L'industria e la consumacion automobila</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Modificar la seccion : L'industria e la consumacion automobila" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=28" title="Edita el codi de la secció: L'industria e la consumacion automobila"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lo_sector_industriau_automobil">Lo sector industriau automobil</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo sector industriau automobil" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=29" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo sector industriau automobil"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Industria_automobila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Industria automobila (la pagina existís pas)">Industria automobila</a>.</div> <p>L'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Industria_automobila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Industria automobila (la pagina existís pas)">industria automobila</a> es una partida importanta de l'<a href="/wiki/Economia" title="Economia">economia</a> modèrna en causa dau ròtle centrau de l'automobila dins lei país desvolopats. Es organizada a l'entorn de tres ensembles principaus. Lo premier es compausat de companhiás especializadas dins la fabricacion de <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%A8%C3%A7a_destacada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pèça destacada (la pagina existís pas)">pèças destacadas</a>. Lo segond es format per lei conceptors e leis assemblaires dei veïculs que son dichs « <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constructor_automobil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constructor automobil (la pagina existís pas)">constructors automobils</a> ». Enfin, lo darrier es constituit per lei rets de venda. <a href="/wiki/Ist%C3%B2ria" title="Istòria">Istoricament</a>, lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constructor_automobil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constructor automobil (la pagina existís pas)">constructors automobils</a> son lo segment dominant. D'efiech, fòrça grops multinacionaus son capables de fabricar una partida importanta dei pèças necessàrias a lor produccion e de metre en plaça de magazins de venda. Pasmens, aquò es pas totjorn possible, especialament per d'equipaments complèxs coma lei <a href="/wiki/Pneumatic" title="Pneumatic">pneumatics</a>. </p><p>La produccion d'automobilas dins lo mond agantèt un maximom en <a href="/wiki/2017" class="mw-redirect" title="2017">2017</a> amb 97,3 milions de veïculs fabricats. Pasmens, a l'ora d'ara, l'industria es trebolada per leis efiechs de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crisi_dei_semiconductors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crisi dei semiconductors (la pagina existís pas)">crisi dei semiconductors</a> e de la <a href="/wiki/Pandemia_de_covid-19" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandemia de covid-19">pandemia de covid-19</a>. Ansin, lo nombre d'unitats produchas demeniguèt a 77,6 milions en <a href="/wiki/2020" class="mw-redirect" title="2020">2020</a>. Aquela annada, lei constructors pus importants èran <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen" title="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toyota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toyota (la pagina existís pas)">Toyota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nissan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nissan (la pagina existís pas)">Nissan</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ford" title="Ford">Ford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honda" title="Honda">Honda</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stellantis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stellantis (la pagina existís pas)">Stellantis</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suzuki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suzuki (la pagina existís pas)">Suzuki</a>. </p><p>Au nivèu dei país productors, l'industria automobila conoís de transformacions importantas dempuei leis <a href="/wiki/Ans_1980" title="Ans 1980">ans 1980</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ans_1990" title="Ans 1990">1990</a>. D'efiech, en causa dei politicas de deslocalizacion e de recèrca dau profiech mesas en òbra en Occident, fòrça país productors istorics coma <a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemanha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a> ò <a href="/wiki/It%C3%A0lia" title="Itàlia">Itàlia</a> dèvon faciar una reduccion importanta de son teissut industriau automobil. Dins una mendra mesura, aqueu fenomèn tòca tanben leis <a href="/wiki/USA" class="mw-redirect" title="USA">Estats Units</a> e <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a>. En parallèl, una segonda tendància es aquela de l'emergéncia de mercats novèus dins de país en cors de desvolopament, generalament en <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>. Ansin, lei productors principaus de veïculs se tròban desenant en <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> e en <a href="/wiki/America_Latina" title="America Latina">America Latina</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"> <caption><b>País productors d'automobilas en 2021</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td><b>Reng</b> </td> <td><b>País</b> </td> <td><b>Produccion (en veïculs)</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">China</a> </td> <td>26 082 220 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/USA" class="mw-redirect" title="USA">Estats Units d'America</a> </td> <td>9 167 214 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a> </td> <td>7 846 955 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_India.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/20px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/30px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/40px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">Índia</a> </td> <td>4 399 112 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_South_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/20px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A8a_dau_Sud" class="mw-redirect" title="Corèa dau Sud">Corèa dau Sud</a> </td> <td>3 462 404 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemanha</a> </td> <td>3 308 692 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Mexico.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mexic" title="Mexic">Mexic</a> </td> <td>3 145 653 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Brazil.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/30px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a> </td> <td>2 248 253 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Espanha" title="Espanha">Espanha</a> </td> <td>2 098 133 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Thailand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/20px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/30px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/40px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tail%C3%A0ndia" title="Tailàndia">Tailàndia</a> </td> <td>1 685 705 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_concepcion_e_la_fabricacion_d'una_veitura"><span id="La_concepcion_e_la_fabricacion_d.27una_veitura"></span>La concepcion e la fabricacion d'una veitura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Modificar la seccion : La concepcion e la fabricacion d'una veitura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=30" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La concepcion e la fabricacion d'una veitura"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_concepcion">La concepcion</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Modificar la seccion : La concepcion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=31" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La concepcion"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:WorkNC-Audi_concept_car.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/WorkNC-Audi_concept_car.jpg/220px-WorkNC-Audi_concept_car.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/WorkNC-Audi_concept_car.jpg/330px-WorkNC-Audi_concept_car.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/WorkNC-Audi_concept_car.jpg/440px-WorkNC-Audi_concept_car.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1084" data-file-height="726" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fotografia" title="Fotografia">Fotografia</a> d'un prototipe d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Audi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Audi (la pagina existís pas)">Audi</a> realizat amb un <a href="/wiki/Logiciau" class="mw-redirect" title="Logiciau">logiciau</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Concepcion_e_fabricacion_assistida_per_ordinator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Concepcion e fabricacion assistida per ordinator (la pagina existís pas)">CFAO</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Concepcion_d%27una_automobila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Concepcion d'una automobila (la pagina existís pas)">Concepcion d'una automobila</a>.</div> <p>La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Concepcion_d%27una_automobila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Concepcion d'una automobila (la pagina existís pas)">concepcion d'una automobila</a> es lo trabalh d'una còla pluridisciplinària compausada d'<a href="/wiki/Engenhari%C3%A1" title="Engenhariá">engenhaires</a>, d'especialistas de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ergonomia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ergonomia (la pagina existís pas)">ergonomia</a>, d'estilistas interiors e exteriors, de modelistas e d'especialistas de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcatica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcatica (la pagina existís pas)">marcatica</a>. Aqueu procès conoguèt d'evolucions importantas dempuei lo sègle XIX. Uei, l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Estilisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estilisme (la pagina existís pas)">estilisme</a> i ocupa una plaça centrala car permet de realizar una projeccion dei demandas dau mercat. Pasmens, es acompanhat per d'especialistas de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Concepcion_e_la_fabricacion_assistidas_per_ordinator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Concepcion e la fabricacion assistidas per ordinator (la pagina existís pas)">concepcion e la fabricacion assistidas per ordinator</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Concepcion_e_la_fabricacion_assistidas_per_ordinator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Concepcion e la fabricacion assistidas per ordinator (la pagina existís pas)">CFAO</a>) e per d'<a href="/wiki/Engenhari%C3%A1" title="Engenhariá">engenhaires</a> encargats d'estudiar lei constrenchas mecanicas dau projècte. L'ensemble deis informacions obtengudas mena a la redaccion dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quas%C3%A8rn_dei_cargas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quasèrn dei cargas (la pagina existís pas)">quasèrn dei cargas</a> tecnic. </p><p>Après aquela fasa, una còla especializada s'ocupa de <a href="/wiki/Dessenh" title="Dessenh">dessenhar</a> l'arquitectura dau veïcul. En particular, assegura lo calcul dei jòcs necessaris a son foncionament, a son montatge e a la gestion de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Asseguran%C3%A7a_qualitat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assegurança qualitat (la pagina existís pas)">assegurança qualitat</a>. En cas de besonh, es possible de demandar una modificacion dau projècte iniciau ais estilistas. Puei, un còp lei calculs acabats, comença la quotacion foncionala amb l'enregistrament dei coordonadas de plusors miliers de ponchs. Aquò permet la construccion de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prototipe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prototipe (la pagina existís pas)">prototipes</a> destinats a testar lo foncionament mecanic e lei reaccions dau public. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_pressa">La pressa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Modificar la seccion : La pressa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=32" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La pressa"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:KUKA_Industrial_Robots_IR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/KUKA_Industrial_Robots_IR.jpg/220px-KUKA_Industrial_Robots_IR.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/KUKA_Industrial_Robots_IR.jpg/330px-KUKA_Industrial_Robots_IR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/KUKA_Industrial_Robots_IR.jpg/440px-KUKA_Industrial_Robots_IR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1492" data-file-height="992" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fotografia" title="Fotografia">Fotografia</a> de la fabricacion de la caissa d'una automobila.</figcaption></figure> <p>La fabricacion d'una veitura comença amb un fuelh de <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metau</a>. Plusors pressas permèton d'i copar lei pèças necessàrias que constituisson la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carro%C3%A7ari%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carroçariá (la pagina existís pas)">carroçariá</a> e lo quadre. Per aquò, s'utiliza de tecnicas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Automatisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Automatisme (la pagina existís pas)">automatizadas</a> d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Embotiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Embotiment (la pagina existís pas)">embotiment</a> e de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soudadura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soudadura (la pagina existís pas)">soudadura</a>. D'un biais generau, l'elaboracion de la carcassa metallica debuta per l'avans e per lo postam. Puei, leis autreis elements son aponduts sus aquela basa. Au començament dau sègle XXI, aperaquí 4 000 ponchs de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soudadura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soudadura (la pagina existís pas)">soudadura</a> èran realizats per assegurar la soliditat de l'ensemble. La precision obtenguda es de l'òrdre de 0,5 mm gràcias a l'usatge de <a href="/wiki/Rob%C3%B2t" title="Robòt">robòts</a> conformators, encargats d'assemblar lei pèças amb precision, e de robòts soudaires capables de localizar sei ponchs d'intervencion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_pintura">La pintura</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Modificar la seccion : La pintura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=33" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La pintura"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En sortida de l'obrador d'embotiment e de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soudadura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soudadura (la pagina existís pas)">soudadura</a>, lei caissas vuejas intran dins l'atalier de <a href="/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura">pintura</a>. Un premier tractament consistís a lei netejar e a lei desgraissar. Aquò permet l'aplicacion d'un premier jaç protectiu de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfat_de_zinc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fosfat de zinc (la pagina existís pas)">fosfat de zinc</a> destinat a protegir l'automobila còntra la <a href="/wiki/Corrosion" title="Corrosion">corrosion</a>. Puei, per assegurar l'estanqueïtat e l' insonorizacion, un robòt pausa de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jonch (la pagina existís pas)">jonchs</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mastic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mastic (la pagina existís pas)">mastic</a> sus totei lei liasons de <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%B2la&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tòla (la pagina existís pas)">tòla</a>. Enfin, lo veïcul intrada dins una zòna fòrça contrarotlada per limitar la preséncia de poussa. Dins aquel obrador, es cubèrt per un jaç d'aprest que li permet de recebre de jaç de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laca (la pagina existís pas)">laca</a> e de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vern%C3%ADs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vernís (la pagina existís pas)">vernís</a> aplicats per de procès <a href="/wiki/Electrolisi" title="Electrolisi">electrolitics</a>. Lo secatge es assegurat per un passatge dins un tunèu <a href="/wiki/Infraroge" title="Infraroge">infraroge</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lo_montatge">Lo montatge</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=34" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo montatge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=34" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo montatge"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Final_assembly_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Final_assembly_2.jpg/220px-Final_assembly_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Final_assembly_2.jpg/330px-Final_assembly_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Final_assembly_2.jpg/440px-Final_assembly_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3185" data-file-height="2508" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fotografia" title="Fotografia">Fotografia</a> de veituras durant la fasa de montatge.</figcaption></figure> <p>Après lo secatge de la <a href="/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura">pintura</a>, la caissa es dirigida vèrs un obrador destinat a installar lei diferentei pèças de l'automobila (<a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a>, transmission, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">ròdas</a>...). Puei, an luòc leis operacions d'emplissatge dei fluids. Coma lo rèsta deis operacions de fabricacion, aquelei pretzfachs son fisats a de <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B2bot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ròbot (la pagina existís pas)">ròbots</a> contrarotlats per d'obriers qualificats. Enfin, l'automobila es l'objècte de reglatges e de tèsts destinats a verificar son bòn foncionament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_distribucion_mondiala_deis_automobilas">La distribucion mondiala deis automobilas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=35" title="Modificar la seccion : La distribucion mondiala deis automobilas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=35" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La distribucion mondiala deis automobilas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En causa de son còst e de la necessitat de dispausar d'infrastructuras <a href="/wiki/Rota" title="Rota">rotieras</a> de <a href="/wiki/Qualitat" title="Qualitat">qualitat</a>, lo nombre d'automobilas es relativament important dins lei país desvolopats que dins lo rèsta dau mond. D'efiech, au començament dau sègle XXI, quatre pòls principaus de possession de veituras existián en <a href="/wiki/America_dau_N%C3%B2rd" class="mw-redirect" title="America dau Nòrd">America dau Nòrd</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa_Occidentala" title="Euròpa Occidentala">Euròpa Occidentala</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a>. Dins aquelei regions, lo nombre d'automobilas pòu agantar 600 per 1 000 abitants. Lei poissanças emergentas e l'<a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa_Orientala" title="Euròpa Orientala">Euròpa Orientala</a> constituissián de centres segondaris, caracterizats per una aumentacion rapida dau taus d'equipament. En revènge, dins leis autrei regions, lo nombre de veïculs motorizats demòra pus feble (mens de 10 automobilas per 1 000 estatjants). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_proteccion_de_l'environament"><span id="La_proteccion_de_l.27environament"></span>La proteccion de l'environament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=36" title="Modificar la seccion : La proteccion de l'environament" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=36" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La proteccion de l'environament"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Atmospheric_pollution.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Atmospheric_pollution.jpg/220px-Atmospheric_pollution.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Atmospheric_pollution.jpg/330px-Atmospheric_pollution.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Atmospheric_pollution.jpg/440px-Atmospheric_pollution.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8000" data-file-height="5333" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pollucion" title="Pollucion">Pollucion</a> automobila en <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>En causa de l'utilizacion d'<a href="/wiki/Idrocarbur" title="Idrocarbur">idrocarburs</a> coma <a href="/wiki/Carburant" title="Carburant">carburant</a>, leis automobilas participan fòrça au <a href="/wiki/Rescaufament_climatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Rescaufament climatic">rescaufament climatic</a> e a la <a href="/wiki/Pollucion" title="Pollucion">pollucion</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Aire" title="Aire">aire</a>. D'efiech, la <a href="/wiki/Combustion" title="Combustion">combustion</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Idrocarbur" title="Idrocarbur">idrocarburs</a> entraïna la formacion de quantitats importantas de <a href="/wiki/Dioxid_de_carb%C3%B2ni" title="Dioxid de carbòni">dioxid de carbòni</a> CO<sub><small>2</small></sub>. De mai, dins lei motors de combustion intèrna e lei sistèmas d'evacuacion dei gas de combustion, d'autrei <a href="/wiki/Gas_d%27efiech_de_s%C3%A8rra" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas d'efiech de sèrra">gas d'efiech de sèrra</a> (GES) pòdon se formar coma d'<a href="/wiki/Oxid_d%27az%C3%B2t" title="Oxid d'azòt">oxid d'azòt</a> NO<sub><small>x</small></sub>. Ansin, en causa dau nombre important de veituras en circulacion, l'automobila constituís una part preponderanta deis emissions de GES emés per lo sector dau transpòrt. Òr, aqueu sector representa 15% deis emissions de GES deis <a href="/wiki/Ans_2010" title="Ans 2010">ans 2010</a>. </p><p>Regardant la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pollucion_de_l%27aire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pollucion de l'aire (la pagina existís pas)">pollucion de l'aire</a>, lei gas automobils contènon plusors <a href="/wiki/Compausat_quimic" title="Compausat quimic">substàncias</a> toxicas (<a href="/wiki/Monoxid_de_carb%C3%B2ni" title="Monoxid de carbòni">monoxid de carbòni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxid_d%27az%C3%B2t" title="Oxid d'azòt">oxid d'azòt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idrocarbur" title="Idrocarbur">idrocarburs</a> parcialament cremats, <a href="/wiki/Plomb" title="Plomb">plomb</a>, compausats <a href="/wiki/Sofre" title="Sofre">sofrats</a>...). Aqueleis emissions pòdon èsser limitadas per l'adopcion de carburants sensa <a href="/wiki/Plomb" title="Plomb">plomb</a> ò amb de concentracions limitadas de <a href="/wiki/Sofre" title="Sofre">sofre</a>. Dins aquò, aquelei mesuras son pas sistematicas e, en causa de son intensitat, la circulacion automobila pòu engendrar de pollucions grèvas dins lei <a href="/wiki/Vila" title="Vila">zònas urbanas</a>. </p><p>Enfin, una epava de veitura pòu causar de <a href="/wiki/Pollucion" title="Pollucion">pollucions</a> suplementàrias que son la consequéncia de la degradacion dei materiaus que la compausan (degradacion dei <a href="/wiki/Polim%C3%A8r" title="Polimèr">polimèrs</a>, de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batari%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batariá (la pagina existís pas)">batariá</a>, dei <a href="/wiki/Pigment" title="Pigment">pigments</a>...). Per redurre aqueu problema, l'eliminacion dei veïculs es enquadrada per de reglementacions destinadas a favorizar lo <a href="/wiki/Reciclatge" title="Reciclatge">reciclatge</a>. Pasmens, l'aplicacion d'aquelei <a href="/wiki/Lei" title="Lei">lèis</a> es raramemnt possibla dins leis <a href="/wiki/Estat" title="Estat">Estats</a> pauc desvolopats. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annèxas"><span id="Ann.C3.A8xas"></span>Annèxas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=37" title="Modificar la seccion : Annèxas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=37" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Annèxas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liames_intèrnes"><span id="Liames_int.C3.A8rnes"></span>Liames intèrnes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=38" title="Modificar la seccion : Liames intèrnes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=38" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Liames intèrnes"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B3stia_de_cambi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bóstia de cambi (la pagina existís pas)">Bóstia de cambi</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Concepcion_d%27una_automobila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Concepcion d'una automobila (la pagina existís pas)">Concepcion d'una automobila</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constructor_automobil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constructor automobil (la pagina existís pas)">Constructor automobil</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Direccion_(automobila)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direccion (automobila) (la pagina existís pas)">Direccion</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fren (la pagina existís pas)">Fren</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_de_combustion_int%C3%A8rna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor de combustion intèrna (la pagina existís pas)">Motor de combustion intèrna</a>. <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_d%27alumatge_comandat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor d'alumatge comandat (la pagina existís pas)">Motor d'alumatge comandat</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_Diesel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor Diesel (la pagina existís pas)">Motor Diesel</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propulsion_(automobila)" title="Propulsion (automobila)">Propulsion</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda">Ròda</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Segment_automobil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Segment automobil (la pagina existís pas)">Segment automobil</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suspension_de_ve%C3%AFcul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suspension de veïcul (la pagina existís pas)">Suspension</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traccion_(automobila)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Traccion (automobila) (la pagina existís pas)">Traccion</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_integrala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transmission integrala (la pagina existís pas)">Transmission integrala</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_segond%C3%A0ria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transmission segondària (la pagina existís pas)">Transmission segondària</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veitura_electrica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veitura electrica (la pagina existís pas)">Veitura electrica</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volant (la pagina existís pas)">Volant</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=39" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=39" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Bibliografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nòtas_e_referéncias"><span id="N.C3.B2tas_e_refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Nòtas e referéncias</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&veaction=edit&section=40" title="Modificar la seccion : Nòtas e referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobila&action=edit&section=40" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Nòtas e referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">(la)</a></b> Ferdinand Verbiest, <i>Astronomia Eurpaea</i>, Dillingen, 1687.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Per aquela rason, lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_Diesel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor Diesel (la pagina existís pas)">motor Diesel</a> es tanben dich <a href="/w/index.php?title=Motor_d%27alumatge_per_compression&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motor d'alumatge per compression (la pagina existís pas)">motor d'alumatge per compression</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pasmens, es possible de recuperar una partida de la <a href="/wiki/Calor" title="Calor">calor</a> per alimentar d'autreis organs de l'automobila (sistèmas de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caufatge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caufatge (la pagina existís pas)">caufatge</a>...).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pasmens, dempuei leis <a href="/wiki/Ans_2000" title="Ans 2000">ans 2000</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B2da_de_secors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ròda de secors (la pagina existís pas)">ròda de secors</a> es mai e mai remplaçada per una ròda estrecha permetent de rotlar a una velocitat reducha fins a un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garatge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garatge (la pagina existís pas)">garatge</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dins certanei cas, es possible d'utilizar un autre <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Az%C3%B2t" title="Azòt">azòt</a>...).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pasmens, la màger part dei SUV modèrnes son pas concebuts per circular dins de terrens malaisats.</span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Recuperada de « <a dir="ltr" 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