CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '914a5cefb82a6bf4',cH: 'Ir7UDTSwEKS9mPkObxgh6BuHuGjXRVjnt40H_VH_.rw-1740011164-1.2.1.1-GvdNCysx.BbHTZYqZ4yo182AWVZnjZ1ePZhQohStmto3jy7W0gWb7RRVjk4Fxd6s',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Bacha%20Hassen&__cf_chl_tk=Bons4_FV7B89nD2rC8BdBx8A3Ttvsi6wXskU01WQork-1740011164-1.0.1.1-1Hhl8M8urU2qEpC3E7lykoP73dRJfme9xUWod7dQcbs",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1740011164',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Bacha%20Hassen&__cf_chl_f_tk=Bons4_FV7B89nD2rC8BdBx8A3Ttvsi6wXskU01WQork-1740011164-1.0.1.1-1Hhl8M8urU2qEpC3E7lykoP73dRJfme9xUWod7dQcbs",md: "7PBKtZw0TYNXOXKf1_wNcqkvCJo3TPtWW7BdCZ3gvYM-1740011164-1.2.1.1-gud.0vDOTdJervqajVWGIFdWF2cbLtcSP3aoF1hqZ8LiSYZ3QVDVWiRHObtMm13Y9mZx4q.ZXt1N0fRGRSAafn7wtgDx6zDKsEtupl1.KewDkx9dU8WITXa4rzfXGOaMeGodY3ZhPrOmpvdX15Lku_92dOchJzpWP_hzG1ohxovEcqFgsjKNhSLO4M2NW.CTSRBqOqpKyh_4CXrE7pvNS8aKbq0Wyzt53ehh5r39SPoZNyFc3T33_laWxN00HHVlhdzpzW3SIsdvlCL0uBI4bxLU0OjKMtKt9mhDmUfpJa5hIy4I8ku_PDGYTonSXEFzrOTyrxWLoGDkPPUeG5fJ608.F9UcWCDKXLcvlNKn1fnj6zbhLTtow4..cnMJOAFRn1WrjpK.uHU5hWWe57OzuaBjlcDpx8WmagZoX32.OotxA.jb7AdFFP66Es72yoFmb0yG_Q.zF430O6yhgcJxCiardBEVeUY_08vKqAAH2mJb23xya1O9.PqOS6X2Nn1C9J5VGeKKyZ4uVSEOBD44DPT1k20ikY.1OBai.aYRrySOSJAZZgy7qUPTCCqZkvAL6svauuOyTqXpKxKueYb59fmVHunTj0jEYq2Jk3V.RSjQ.VgNaN_AbQgavYm19TowMJSzmXA3KO0901U2Wsk0ALAuhGjZwbPhntzEDgUrj4IBAtj9byLKcvAvNfd1A3wbVGLqwwdZYzc7_HLLPmFKOc2dCOpu0KZePAqTWZFBPUP3byaipWTlxgASMBCBYmbGUQu26WblhItLDWvD6BcLRnYYUE2eoOgfZrSxfX0N1_pIa1t3FcGzSp20QEQWoOSO83Hk0oexQbuEkiYms5FBUlpUpEzYDiSYRcu7UMHJP01SlDNnJB9oEkocxjeqp0uWAWHtq._4mWrll8GbnMqyVvyW6G576YRDL3K7oW87hWUFTnMKHShQbrbSx1yVQZg4kepGy1.bgSKkDBh.7Z0OTYUdheMImtOOD3QKgbRpUHKE0DAist77cOwmJyCA4idtafaR0ptzNZZuw8x1iahJjk7cFOCWufwGMlelWrGLCj_djkor0r4KoMisUmcmDs02xYnXn1jxmjJDXLySNW3g.H7MFh6eYSGnKL3EeG12a3zYWt8erOKaDhvOhflfiTzr3Ql8QqPIRJ8hci8uH2Zwe.hsqW3X43WUdQi2LK2PaLV6W5QK8euxoZ5FMS8_jdN_ZN5AT26WLDWbrWwbAj7gHh2sUDxW.tixO9GjeJgljEPvN26VBk9RjuUPqW8QW8sTQxVpGLE.u3l1TO6rng9y29NIFaN.PcbIhd2aFrARXQzGcUu_spAIBbEfpGzJvGOz4gYWC1uev8hc9iNi.pncxbdRV4q2pZtUZ_.9oz11KXAD.9tgOTKBtgIarmNE4rh3WQoupzpAb4vNfCbYN7JiUctj08p5pXAx6VAw_qfh7Fplo22oJq_eCeaJnyesmRm5iSIa3b1DnwwWWSepf07eXPVMRRdakCFdJBuYdSMZllj4Zfjihk8S4850WlQaiKv5vxCOHnqYahZadnOUwxa2JzjzmoXcs8ApbnzuKqiGYm.YhDiea0egRxZ7Qrw0mb0sCGzX3moBEWbOc9IGzg7LjKU8EzGwNRwAY_z5KKjDMlNU4nWQok26li4yPB53FWboIiQbd.UT6YKkYFh98ARzclmzNiTaEi_84vnczbh7W940gtjogTNyj41p3EDBz1ATR1VG_eSWkDGqw2fdLdAS2dRZ_c13yTS68O2hxN3ATw4FtQzxXXKLPw7GzkqOHWZq8Qi8L7E8Kd5ti59BauUW2JcHPGtFok6XEgo26QRcxdcFjkHmfBoeJRDOdAxN_MThYTPMEBfzk9mlORN_1Xyj4SIVti0xXALoxWYHlyReenp_1Z1eDJuFfUFT29idpZ.KAHYb0ntIR29AxqAkfTl8QF8iZt2w0S7UWGUOn0ALXGI",mdrd: "8LtyFw4fI6ULz8Sx.jCw9XBb3O20e4_ynfsZCZvvIOU-1740011164-1.2.1.1-FtTHXbt4BRSJ3.MpsRR4P81CV1wGrOmF7iDikIb1xS_Un_d1VbO.bFd0mbb4pPnFqOG_THrtOmFdGxTrbd_YTVHjRHI7ytZe6T19gau7Hf0dgoDg14lp2bK.vGge9N4n8JPd2naSnMS2nZq_jxXg1XWvN7i7O5I8LtlQEIsxZ1_ursTHwehumbX1LbmIqDmIk2m2jEPNkvjPhB_b.Q4eUJ5eFtzeWba3eC0jc0LcMo3cQnJcbPx5Eld7T648uQ7ObTwryL7OVDHdfJFgmR_S4ppyY3vUSDNclQJy8_WosqY1qgB7lxVTq.7eD1GfkXIi6sSIxjVDIaXFgS3ur1pdxgyT4_1DjGIxHXT.BFZKNtMDQZOX42hHxrwIqkoPhUWcPGpYTsgnneujFDzjtVaKxPg5XVvCCMQ2QxJ4Gvz73ohLuH_PWGKJq9s0z.t_JC2yjFUpydqOfWsIcg0Wvmwo5a_sdXDnN9qQr7SwFl2in1ZrKOCb2DeZg5LWxgfr0xTfInmKudox3EgR_as_gd9JvAdo_zFcEIfNRHkPmKTqgD_jEzu5J0y13_SQbY21QtTboQ2dKUf1q727Qv5qC8v3ff5QXY7Vcy6uCyr8C4gcFPdebkcMyJmuRfLz.QBXmwOZRJXtXt9JTfW_YnrTK4Lt8npJguqGvOWqgw_FcmQdILLbIo04HR9XklFu77dvPt4DVXROdOlmDzTXJILinmssI.BQp4fOvSPls5SeEe8CVKZKpW_LSxh3GX_3oCbgWhj4G3VpBODXi9dOXCKWkmGwBYV7YPoz_ztLstp5b2cHV5H1a0ilpw3w8S21vcymmPIV97rH4SmJ1TIgY_0P2dIjEViwTo5EtKKVrQBnpgzlwqyAJQEcxqwJAQEJk4xFmGlvJfk05miKujcr9k_43004vqRQtVxnCqymxLdyXnKRYv3vv8YQoieVzW6P0wPXZ7vUcQnR0mFX4qRGOYCGeBNRxMQcrlUgr8JRWgvN7FjK4yzKYf6QnK4gmWE793hqfKIEFT6Iv4JpiwBj4Dg_hjfrtIlGYN5Opjccj4AaYie53a7VuxpTf8BjswDFD6o7ys8079y82Z2vQQSpo2OFnwOWnCBAsdJR8E5yikWUfdwX8BGbXYzDdvvq_AHR86V.j0FbmLep3ohD3ZqVYjUj0XGxX.3Yvj7dV9ZlQDEhMvwThNxvOuadHJOYx_r_EqAyhDnTzIjtReTlx_y.Zs41HrwdHtYpdNce3YU.1kyhNsUDlXd36QLKcZArs1cO3Bq9p5WuFDMSnWtx7Vi8HGRJqV2noh7DN2sAlH7Nb2srUapykABTFCFGfcning1BP8K4RIiDq_cUJVsBfiKlF3c19xePRJJbl.A6J2sTYJZZOccH7GiivG6Bw.bV5d7ZjQ0Lmdg.RltbGMpoIiIMD5HFrNeM1.5O6ofu0RX2r33hJ3P_JCKBFx0kd2nkAbJkDi8M3rdQ3.XMjVtBVQNZeWTuNl.oHyo0_2gkOF7JANi2GDdPrHd.ysAN7qNBYbPq_x6VnwmNsW0RUaoYDDQ4.mVayntoxRSsM3SVT0OoBdgu1JOG4T2fXkM9_YonYgvd8rdGRZzb1pOn25OR_qCheaejK1RvFXOy.qZ3sn3Cb66eVhomU_6LZvUUzhgcQVaV7vxEhrLZay.Ggfnbo45WLW2z7bXPy6ae1aEEWzVXjRpVrP._oy1MSGb3AFHwggJ9g9CuUEQYqXsFHDWKlms7bQMfKZBg7Ng8aRgSGT3muB.b8wWcIid3wYPUZqm6a3Koh7nFN_wMFmfc2ddQwYvd.xJam9dduxeJsD8x0d0nsP3ny4_za.TQqaZ8srp6Z9XGUI26dsTSewE_HFoMaPi__QxzHM2QWX0Xk8bUss0LBGc.R_C.meuriXbBc9x_12bdLmrVIGXUaNDC99vwnrgjeQkTeaS2lTx2cRxKmjf65hY_CquYdEsp9Jtcf4.79YCDQeBn8Jjx"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=914a5cefb82a6bf4';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Bacha%20Hassen&__cf_chl_rt_tk=Bons4_FV7B89nD2rC8BdBx8A3Ttvsi6wXskU01WQork-1740011164-1.0.1.1-1Hhl8M8urU2qEpC3E7lykoP73dRJfme9xUWod7dQcbs" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>