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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">New York City zoning code</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrysler_Building_Midtown_Manhattan_New_York_City_1932.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Chrysler_Building_Midtown_Manhattan_New_York_City_1932.jpg/300px-Chrysler_Building_Midtown_Manhattan_New_York_City_1932.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Chrysler_Building_Midtown_Manhattan_New_York_City_1932.jpg/450px-Chrysler_Building_Midtown_Manhattan_New_York_City_1932.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Chrysler_Building_Midtown_Manhattan_New_York_City_1932.jpg/600px-Chrysler_Building_Midtown_Manhattan_New_York_City_1932.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5359" data-file-height="3779" /></a><figcaption>Midtown Manhattan in 1932, showing the results of the Zoning Resolution: skyscrapers with <a href="/wiki/Setback_(architecture)" title="Setback (architecture)">setbacks</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NYC_1916_setback_principle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/NYC_1916_setback_principle.svg/220px-NYC_1916_setback_principle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/NYC_1916_setback_principle.svg/330px-NYC_1916_setback_principle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/NYC_1916_setback_principle.svg/440px-NYC_1916_setback_principle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Graph of the 1916 New York City zoning ordinance with an example elevation for an 80-foot street in a 2½-times height district</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>1916 Zoning Resolution</b> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> was the first citywide <a href="/wiki/Zoning_in_the_United_States" title="Zoning in the United States">zoning code in the United States</a>. The zoning resolution reflected both borough and local interests, and was adopted primarily to stop massive buildings from preventing light and air from reaching the streets below. It also established limits in building <a href="/wiki/Massing" title="Massing">massing</a> at certain heights, usually interpreted as a series of <a href="/wiki/Setback_(architecture)" title="Setback (architecture)">setbacks</a> and, while not imposing height limits, restricted towers to 25% of the lot size.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chief authors of this resolution were <a href="/wiki/George_McAneny" title="George McAneny">George McAneny</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Bassett" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward M. Bassett">Edward M. Bassett</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impact">Impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1916_Zoning_Resolution&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drawing,_Study_for_Maximum_Mass_Permitted_by_the_1916_New_York_Zoning_Law,_Stage_4,_1922_(CH_18468717).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Drawing%2C_Study_for_Maximum_Mass_Permitted_by_the_1916_New_York_Zoning_Law%2C_Stage_4%2C_1922_%28CH_18468717%29.jpg/170px-Drawing%2C_Study_for_Maximum_Mass_Permitted_by_the_1916_New_York_Zoning_Law%2C_Stage_4%2C_1922_%28CH_18468717%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Drawing%2C_Study_for_Maximum_Mass_Permitted_by_the_1916_New_York_Zoning_Law%2C_Stage_4%2C_1922_%28CH_18468717%29.jpg/255px-Drawing%2C_Study_for_Maximum_Mass_Permitted_by_the_1916_New_York_Zoning_Law%2C_Stage_4%2C_1922_%28CH_18468717%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Drawing%2C_Study_for_Maximum_Mass_Permitted_by_the_1916_New_York_Zoning_Law%2C_Stage_4%2C_1922_%28CH_18468717%29.jpg/340px-Drawing%2C_Study_for_Maximum_Mass_Permitted_by_the_1916_New_York_Zoning_Law%2C_Stage_4%2C_1922_%28CH_18468717%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2273" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Study by <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Ferriss" title="Hugh Ferriss">Hugh Ferriss</a> from <i><a href="/wiki/The_Metropolis_of_Tomorrow" title="The Metropolis of Tomorrow">The Metropolis of Tomorrow</a></i> (1929) indicating the maximum mass permitted by the 1916 rules</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1916 Zoning Resolution had a major impact on <a href="/wiki/Urban_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban development">urban development</a> in both the United States and internationally.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Architectural delineator <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Ferriss" title="Hugh Ferriss">Hugh Ferriss</a> popularized these new regulations in 1922 through a series of massing studies, clearly depicting the possible forms and how to maximize building volumes. "By the end of the 1920s the setback skyscraper, originally built in response to a New York zoning code, became a style that caught on from Chicago to Shanghai," observe Eric Peter Nash and Norman McGrath,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> discussing the <a href="/wiki/Williamsburgh_Savings_Bank_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Williamsburgh Savings Bank Building">Williamsburgh Savings Bank Building</a>, which rose in isolation in <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a>, where no such zoning dictated form. The tiered <a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a> skyscrapers of the 1920s and 1930s are a direct result of this resolution. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1916_Zoning_Resolution&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the mid-century most new <a href="/wiki/International_Style_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="International Style (architecture)">International Style</a> buildings had met the setback requirements by adopting the use of plazas or low-rise buildings surrounding a monolithic tower centered on the site. This approach was often criticized.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_City_Planning" title="New York City Department of City Planning">New York City Department of City Planning</a> passed the 1961 Zoning Resolution in October 1960,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the new zoning rules became effective in December 1961, superseding the 1916 Zoning Resolution.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new zoning solution used the <a href="/wiki/Floor_Area_Ratio" class="mw-redirect" title="Floor Area Ratio">Floor Area Ratio</a> (FAR) regulation instead of setback rules. A building's maximum floor area is regulated according to the ratio that was imposed to the site where the building is located. Another feature of new zoning solution was adjacent public open space. If developers put adjacent public open space to their buildings, they could get additional area for their building as a bonus. This incentive bonus rule was created because of the strong influence from two representative skyscrapers. The <a href="/wiki/Seagram_Building" title="Seagram Building">Seagram Building</a> by <a href="/wiki/Mies_van_der_Rohe" class="mw-redirect" title="Mies van der Rohe">Mies van der Rohe</a> with <a href="/wiki/Philip_Johnson" title="Philip Johnson">Philip Johnson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lever_House" title="Lever House">Lever House</a> by <a href="/wiki/Skidmore,_Owings_%26_Merrill" class="mw-redirect" title="Skidmore, Owings & Merrill">Skidmore, Owings & Merrill</a>, introduced the new ideas about office building with open space. These buildings changed the skyline of New York City with both the advent of simple glass box design and their treatment of adjacent open spaces. The new zoning encouraged privately owned public space to ease the density of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1916_Zoning_Resolution&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standard_State_Zoning_Enabling_Act" title="Standard State Zoning Enabling Act">Standard State Zoning Enabling Act</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1916_Zoning_Resolution&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBarr,_Jason_M.2019" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jason_M._Barr" class="mw-redirect" title="Jason M. Barr">Barr, Jason M.</a> (27 March 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://buildingtheskyline.org/revisiting-1916-i/">"Revisiting 1916 (Part I): The History of New York City's First Zoning Resolution"</a>. <i>Skynomics Blog</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Skynomics+Blog&rft.atitle=Revisiting+1916+%28Part+I%29%3A+The+History+of+New+York+City%27s+First+Zoning+Resolution&rft.date=2019-03-27&rft.au=Barr%2C+Jason+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbuildingtheskyline.org%2Frevisiting-1916-i%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1916+Zoning+Resolution" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunlap2016" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_W._Dunlap" title="David W. Dunlap">Dunlap, David W.</a> (July 26, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/26/nyregion/new-yorks-first-zoning-resolution-which-brought-order-to-a-chaotic-building-boom-turns-100.html?_r=0">"Zoning Arrived 100 Years Ago. It Changed New York City Forever"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Zoning+Arrived+100+Years+Ago.+It+Changed+New+York+City+Forever.&rft.date=2016-07-26&rft.aulast=Dunlap&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F07%2F26%2Fnyregion%2Fnew-yorks-first-zoning-resolution-which-brought-order-to-a-chaotic-building-boom-turns-100.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1916+Zoning+Resolution" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rpa.org/latest/lab/celebrating-100-years-of-zoning">"Celebrating 100 Years of Zoning"</a>. Regional Plan Association<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Celebrating+100+Years+of+Zoning&rft.pub=Regional+Plan+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frpa.org%2Flatest%2Flab%2Fcelebrating-100-years-of-zoning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1916+Zoning+Resolution" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416093152/https://www1.nyc.gov/site/planning/zoning/background.page">"Background"</a>. <i>www1.nyc.gov</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www1.nyc.gov/site/planning/zoning/background.page">the original</a> on 2021-04-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-05-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www1.nyc.gov&rft.atitle=Background&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww1.nyc.gov%2Fsite%2Fplanning%2Fzoning%2Fbackground.page&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1916+Zoning+Resolution" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nash and McGrath, <i>Manhattan Skyscrapers</i> 2005:55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunlap2006" class="citation news cs1">Dunlap, David W. (December 7, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/07/nyregion/07blocks.html">"At New Trade Center, Seeking Lively (but Secure) Streets"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-06-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=At+New+Trade+Center%2C+Seeking+Lively+%28but+Secure%29+Streets&rft.date=2006-12-07&rft.aulast=Dunlap&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F12%2F07%2Fnyregion%2F07blocks.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1916+Zoning+Resolution" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennett1960" class="citation news cs1">Bennett, Charles G. (1960-10-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1960/10/19/archives/planners-adopt-new-city-zoning-resolution-goes-to-board-of-estimate.html">"Planners Adopt New City Zoning; Resolution Goes to Board of Estimate for Final Vote"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Planners+Adopt+New+City+Zoning%3B+Resolution+Goes+to+Board+of+Estimate+for+Final+Vote&rft.date=1960-10-19&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Charles+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1960%2F10%2F19%2Farchives%2Fplanners-adopt-new-city-zoning-resolution-goes-to-board-of-estimate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1916+Zoning+Resolution" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1961/12/15/archives/new-zoning-code-goes-into-effect.html">"New Zoning Code Goes into Effect"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 1961-12-15. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Zoning+Code+Goes+into+Effect&rft.date=1961-12-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1961%2F12%2F15%2Farchives%2Fnew-zoning-code-goes-into-effect.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1916+Zoning+Resolution" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBressi1993" class="citation book cs1">Bressi, Todd W., ed. (1993). <i>Planning and Zoning New York City</i>. Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey. pp. 9–12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Planning+and+Zoning+New+York+City&rft.pages=9-12&rft.pub=Rutgers%2C+the+State+University+of+New+Jersey&rft.date=1993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1916+Zoning+Resolution" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1916_Zoning_Resolution&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ferriss, Hugh. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Metropolis_of_Tomorrow" title="The Metropolis of Tomorrow">The Metropolis of Tomorrow</a></i>, with essay by Carol Willis. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1986. Reprint of 1929 edition. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-910413-11-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-910413-11-8">0-910413-11-8</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1916_Zoning_Resolution&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/zone/zonehis.shtml">NYC Zoning History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150503120645/http://in-arch.net/NYC/nycadd.html#zone">in-arch.net THE 1916 ZONING REGULATIONS - AND ONWARD</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1916_Zoning_Resolution&oldid=1252260516">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1916_Zoning_Resolution&oldid=1252260516</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Real_property_law_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Real property law in the United States">Real property law in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Urban_planning_in_New_York_City" title="Category:Urban planning in New York City">Urban planning in New York City</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Zoning_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Zoning in the United States">Zoning in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1916_in_New_York_City" title="Category:1916 in New York City">1916 in New York City</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 October 2024, at 15:20<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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