CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "help.ted.com",cType: 'managed',cRay: '92b87d9adf543e53',cH: '2Teybj1lQbjG5hhetMdt.UrQJSNzz8Kss9hK1i6aeq8-1743850290-1.2.1.1-P1l.Le.RcXflPGGJOhr.Bp_EWoP9bw6KZ8ug2Q_PvRuQkFDzKqb9RVnj4Fogpmh1',cUPMDTk: "\/hc\/en-us?__cf_chl_tk=Pi9Aj8zb3t.5NB8SokY.m.dmhLpk.VmG5t7k87wD3pI-1743850290-1.0.1.1-8_XZRHA_UDTaIdn0Y_9E7BrPUlNIaFB5QFAOdnAGL24",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1743850290',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/hc\/en-us?__cf_chl_f_tk=Pi9Aj8zb3t.5NB8SokY.m.dmhLpk.VmG5t7k87wD3pI-1743850290-1.0.1.1-8_XZRHA_UDTaIdn0Y_9E7BrPUlNIaFB5QFAOdnAGL24",md: "MhX2rD4o8aWdKO.Ez9m9ZlYXKU_NoPb4ahLYmw4t7RA-1743850290-1.2.1.1-WJVKgCT4lLqHlMQzdWns_mzdh2YsjElpQ6BJpIs30CQLZTv6m8bMazcPTdtvhq7MrHoudfx0aLi42MBBeP7rOc8TOf_PEcJDML3Njm6PUbGJV5356Ecte3dRuFknxMfJLezT6SxJzekWihB1u3M8P_hzGVzeFyHQwDB1Qrtpc56IwdvLu.Y7i_SWS0AVj2d5zjJizh3iyQ6CiNDtENlIwVUcFgTWREQYC8cS0elxnqhmS_SjQFvHuygerYdJZzhHT69nhhFL7n0bXO5jzWZFLlgUjWjHQ4k4uxuN2Bmtsj6Q0_RREZ82e8K1XDGGEPa7T4AHe7V5y834fwW8QlwNDnxvIDTtDxWrB9oIl.lH2pNCoyKqf67I3BmguaeY1wABkQ4cn_4no0o8AsKm3Db8smOkd8bnptc3.a5F20O8ropwXYXtxCoyzwrhtwp9nNiin7muPAxkdoflKwbLhcyDGZhsJ7MMa8wY3rc1Os2pA8NJ3PBBlksX9JMEidzmzo_OJHxCIV.I8lOaeG_IFutO0cc6UFd4ATmrGVm08HqO3fSVfM0ARSMoplmb2vRnXAeXETuXRR5FsFSgpq93drTNxJC8DQiJJi7U5GQ6o2pfpntZqdVDDd7xGZNIp6NkUcuQjVH3nJf8vbiff8nbLEx0uPwNH2EuYq8ZF_8sr8p2ttaLlKOyVcc26MH.9C1kf_Z9pCrEj.slMEOx6zhrKZ2j1ZjQNAQEN3gullXiVpgegYVQ4d.gp52jLk5iGQTHa0DMF1wEmZ9BsVw0tYD5t90wgISlcy_bFdFcCw8kw7chKAtNnYr1sbbup5YB1rBBXLh3OHJMQ6.Wx.Z3p1SFVK5gIXCM8PQepBCdui2PkMPFEzz_S.wNmv68Qm7Y41gOtQXCnzxe7OZ8_lL1Gco5SjD6Erpz7bgsqVbRoa5gMohuVk6RaIjrPfDv3wM3kuzJim_01f38Izn_nWVd2HxA938pK3DtTy7WXYS6TUo2aXv7UhJeYxKdPza5V9lXIehd89RIoUynBDY_YdlMikmHQqzvU4u.UCTUZYom_qIogslR8LQZGj1n6pA9TRG_yeQ_RqvtPofdZ9oDLJNHrWgWHPbbPC9.zW2XJOks2h6hCkCYwtHqHov5ZapnS7aCnwrhVtmif6nV6cD38GZuaB5gbe0xmCl5aFClIzYqOWpv7N1eZo40.elA19f7pmjMc281kOyo",mdrd: "25n5MKCT9z49ujNsAR5ioPCko.B1xl.o8utQmiIJSGM-1743850290-1.2.1.1-0ZnP300LF2ti.wSkmfp3t5E5gvsviHm36MFxIWFQqYBTV4gSSoBqAcLyfSEQdsw8_Pk_jstZ5EYk6_cVgkILGvUmRb.Upzx75ohR3UvS7hKmj7fCRcn4Xcb8md6AMW4HmlWEn3MQwQnSv0kHn5JQCOrTKuYL2Y60xlzy7hhWZL_LFQ4P3.TFw1_XHE7uikeD5lr2mMGod0jStSXo_mljfakmB7ofVb2nH.hmlROaH1CDnlR80ADHuP9sgHbu6WgaDD1RxXrsEor64JLyeTYv.Tzj_pvKI0VN80O7qrNG_riKo98QFI83wS.o5v7DQeyCFS6dW2N9tZZTc25CI7gz2tDs.E4LoJa2TTYEUJO0w0gx7FKYFmR5ZRC8ceBXy1mql3h5slOuhlzSRSWAPF4YEeTC.t8tfPZzhgjUyyxjvfCjtMKuSE7Wy4QvxuEiN.c_okEkH3sphxXKvehysSJcf4fuOb3dG7FGUJu3FFUic2YX6E94kpTeYXcY5OcXr2S362Ksc02rvwiwjC6n6Q5Y8Um2YvK3a9OgsNlT44uZrjSMJ8bMbRNLqMhDNfJAjaovH4VrF3FVR4Zz8FAru_5gqBO.Mlf4uQTS_aKMkQsbfcWphq7fSeo73zPjUB_PsoZgDhYbdtKgB0aP02TYz5LdgQHtlBrNnawNpfVxODrMuCMak7aTH6ArQu0Af2KFAspcXoHg9ha._7909XLXCfsipkWNz6uBbgGm3VNhhJALGiNq5Abymeo.r23KfCabXalSCxwfUpPpzzhQoYe1_uvnKNiAlaYn2Zgx4KSITigQ.JC9r1D3XSbI.AM.vVE1O_i1brToTzz6RTkay6QdO_MF6ZPXSahEMFIwULnS.z8M4jjxHK1B0XmRgdDwydMdtj4fCKes2OUIyecLkg_BhlucDyz1rIbDQ6pDyiXna6bUSRzyZba39zmFOdmXKALZx4ATlGFPpNhO7EY1j49jnF8HH7hm9wtnyTjEFgxaYVIED.6u8rgaf_gAJ7qbAmi5v7IkNVWaTrMOM0fHQFFpTzL3LWQ.iNn5M3vuvDNyHXyibyyQGNQ5cjrd2H3Z7HzfyAaIoMfi45QByoQxSDCAhFiIu4HzcaA3CIKUY__GMV5xkoAv6OmRkd_xNWXCcwvRnkV5ogVyXSyBHX.tdJpHfEPCJmc2wDNw21kQ3H0ODzQAbWussuRHm5o.vlEzz03wAjodNQ5BA_sOHIaWLAyAwasQTirhBap0Zpr9LxB5QnOIyMfeymdTH37yOLT7XC0g.Pq0lsjHwyI23.WKE759UAd3z1mcDi6avN131goP65nzgc4YIeA5V__JWm5s0YeMpDx0lL_746yn7objiTiaUNuScnmzDgE2Cza.o8zyqFeCi0OtIzo14ihDEJcz7yo.wnXhbPgS.YeIp8u3on_2XJimu2T0n1zxXw7AF0sOqDMNndG9LQIGEaDOqSg1cw1XDhusxMKlOMP3mEfGKGHlCS18fdrTnmmGGp282pt_04aJqv3S1_Z4H9hriZH21urvdYC16u05KMv9ZG491yH2XEN7AAVAscuq92iKAWJhDaAQeXd8eCzUPPgdDCh33fI_73wZ9FIQW0Im3jblU7JBT_zZsPwqvBEJHbf1o133BV1l.uQK7rBTy9.MTbahnCqXG0o1YQACSdAfHeujH9h6jKIll1FCB8DQXVx98Vn27xk8K2OaRwi6ORW8bmTwUMps1HL94fXRvYVwcQ8RZU5QYfvTxJN3seXEvoy5Q3ojY6mDA3JygmSRvnfijyYmusFEsc4pcLXu_971FejJLlCYAbB6igbmezfErBZIlYik2CuAuaPqcSMqqXiMJKChxagxxFDe"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=92b87d9adf543e53';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/hc\/en-us?__cf_chl_rt_tk=Pi9Aj8zb3t.5NB8SokY.m.dmhLpk.VmG5t7k87wD3pI-1743850290-1.0.1.1-8_XZRHA_UDTaIdn0Y_9E7BrPUlNIaFB5QFAOdnAGL24" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>