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src="/js/Common.js" ></script> <script type="text/javascript" >IsExitMTSPFollow()</script> </div> <div class="newsContent"> <div> 1.简介<br /> </div><div> 氧化沟工艺作为一种成熟的活性污泥污水处理工艺已在全国范围内得到广泛应用，它是活性污泥法的一种变型，其曝气池呈封闭的沟渠型，所以它在水力流态上不同于传统的活性污泥法，而是一种首尾相连的循环流曝气沟渠，污水渗入其中得到净化。<br /> </div><div> 2.工艺特点<br /> </div><div> (1)简化了预处理<br /> </div><div> 氧化沟水力停留时间和污泥龄比一般生物处理法厂，悬浮有机物可与溶解性有机物同时得到较*的去除，排出的剩余污泥已得到高度稳定，因此氧化沟可不设初沉池，污泥不需要进行厌氧消化。<br /> </div><div> (2)占地面积少<br /> </div><div> 因为在流程中省略了初沉池、污泥消化池，有时还省略了二沉池和污泥回流装置，使污水厂总占地面积不仅没有增大，相反还可缩小。<br /> </div><div> (3)具有推流式流态的特征<br /> </div><div> 氧化沟具有推流特性，使得溶解氧浓度在沿池长方向形成浓度梯度，形成好氧、缺氧和厌氧条件。通过对系统合理的设计与控制，可以取得较好的脱氮除磷效果。<br /> </div><div> (4)简化工艺<br /> </div><div> 将氧化沟和二沉池合建为一体式氧化沟，以及近年来发展的交替工作的氧化沟，可不用二沉池，从而使处理流程更为简化。<br /> </div><div> A2/O工艺重在脱磷除氮<br /> </div><div> 1.简介<br /> </div><div> A2/O工艺是Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic的英文缩写，是厌氧-缺氧-好氧生物脱氮除磷工艺的简称。这种工艺处理效率一般能达到：BOD5和SS为90%～95%，总氮为70%以上，磷为90%左右，一般适用于要求脱氮除磷的大中型城市污水厂。<br /> </div><div> 但A2/O工艺的基建费和运行费均高于普通活性污泥法，运行管理要求高，所以对目前我国国情来说，当处理后的污水排入封闭性水体或缓流水体引起富营养化，从而影响给水水源时，才采用该工艺。<br /> </div><div> 2.工艺特点<br /> </div><div> (1)优点：<br /> </div><div> 污染物去除效率高，运行稳定，有较好的耐冲击负荷。<br /> </div><div> 污泥沉降性能好。<br /> </div><div> 厌氧、缺氧、好氧三种不同的环境条件和不同种类微生物菌群的有机配合，能同时具有去除有机物、脱氮除磷的功能。<br /> </div><div> 脱氮效果受混合液回流比大小的影响,除磷效果则受回流污泥中夹带DO和硝酸态氧的影响，因而脱氮除磷效率不可能很高。<br /> </div><div> 在同时脱氧除磷去除有机物的工艺中，该工艺流程zui为简单，总的水力停留时间也少于同类其他工艺。<br /> </div><div> 在厌氧-缺氧-好氧交替运行下，丝状菌不会大量繁殖，SVI一般小于100，不会发生污泥膨胀。<br /> </div><div> 污泥中磷含量高，一般为2.5%以上。<br /> </div><div> (2)缺点：<br /> </div><div> 反应池容积比A/O脱氮工艺还要大。<br /> </div><div> 污泥内回流量大，能耗较高。<br /> </div><div> 用于中小型污水厂费用偏高。<br /> </div><div> 沼气回收利用经济效益差。<br /> </div><div> 污泥渗出液需化学除磷。<br /> </div><div> 传统活性污泥法用在大型污水处理厂<br /> </div><div> 1.简介<br /> </div><div> 活性污泥法工艺是一种应用zui广泛的废水好氧生化处理技术，其主要由曝气池、二次沉淀池、曝气系统以及污泥回流系统等组成。<br /> </div><div> 2.工艺特点<br /> </div><div> (1)优点：<br /> </div><div> 工艺相对成熟、积累运行经验多、运行稳定；有机物去除效率高，BOD5的去除率通常为90%～95%；曝气池耐冲击负荷能力较低；适用于处理进水水质比较稳定而处理程度要求高的大型城市污水处理厂。<br /> </div><div> (2)缺点：<br /> </div><div> 需氧与供氧矛大，池首端供氧不足，池末端供氧大于需氧，造成浪费；传统活性污泥法曝气池停留时间较长，曝气池容积大、占地面积大、基建费用高，电耗大；脱氧除磷效率低，通常只有10%～30%。<br /> </div><div> 工艺适用于间歇排放<br /> </div><div> 1.简介<br /> </div><div> 处理过程主要由初期的去除与吸附作用、微生物的代谢作用、絮凝体的形成与絮凝沉淀性能几个净化过程完成。<br /> </div><div> R技术的核心是反应池，该池集均化、初沉、生物降解、二沉等功能于一池，无污泥回流系统。尤其适用于间歇排放和流量变化较大的场合。<br /> </div><div> 2.工艺特点<br /> </div><div> (1)优点：<br /> </div><div> 理想的推流过程使生化反应推动力增大，效率提高，池内厌氧、好氧处于交替状态，净化效果好。<br /> </div><div> 运行效果稳定，污水在理想的静止状态下沉淀，需要时间短、效率高，出水水质好。<br /> </div><div> 耐冲击负荷，池内有滞留的处理水，对污水有稀释、缓冲作用，有效抵抗水量和有机污物的冲击。<br /> </div><div> 工艺过程中的各工序可根据水质、水量进行调整，运行灵活。<br /> </div><div> 处理设备少，构造简单，便于操作和维护管理。<br /> </div><div> 反应池内存在DO、BOD5浓度梯度，有效控制活性污泥膨胀。<br /> </div><div> 工艺流程简单、造价低。主体设备只有一个序批式间歇反应器，无二沉池、污泥回流系统，调节池、初沉池也可省略，布置紧凑、占地面积省。<br /> </div><div> (2)缺点：<br /> </div><div> 间歇周期运行，对自控要求高。<br /> </div><div> 变水位运行，电耗增大。<br /> </div><div> 脱氮除磷效率不太高。<br /> </div><div> 污泥稳定性不如厌氧硝化好。<br /> </div><div> A/O工艺广泛应用中小型城市<br /> </div><div> 1.简介<br /> </div><div> A/O工艺产生于20世纪70年代，由于其同时具有降解有机物及脱氮作用，且运行管理方便，得到了广泛的应用。由于污水处理工艺是根据污水的水量、水质、出水要求和当地的实际情况等多方面的因素确定的，所以中小型的城市生活污水处理站一般选用A/O等工艺。<br /> </div><div> 2.工艺特点<br /> </div><div> (1)优点：<br /> </div><div> 效率高<br /> </div><div> 该工艺对废水中的有机物，氨氮等均有较高的去除效果。当总停留时间大于54h，经生物脱氮后的出水再经过混凝沉淀，可将COD值降至100mg/L以下，其他指标也达到排放标准，总氮去除率在70%以上。<br /> </div><div> 流程简单，投资省，操作费用低<br /> </div><div> 该工艺是以废水中的有机物作为反硝化的碳源，故不需要再另加甲醇等昂贵的碳源。<br /> </div><div> (2)缺点：<br /> </div><div> 由于没有独立的污泥回流系统，从而不能培养出具有*功能的污泥，难降解物质的降解率较低。<br /> </div><div> 若要提高脱氮效率，必须加大内循环比，因而加大了运行费用。另外，内循环液来自曝气池，含有一定的DO，使A段难以保持理想的缺氧状态，影响反硝化效果，脱氮率很难达到90%。<br /> </div><div> 生物膜法工艺用在工业废水领域<br /> </div><div> 1.简介<br /> </div><div> 生物膜法是土壤自净过程的人工强化，主要去除废水中溶解性的和胶体状的有机污染物，同时对废水中的氨氮还具有一定的硝化能力。生物膜法在处理工业废水中有着广泛应用。<br /> </div><div> 2.工艺特点<br /> </div><div> (1)优点：<br /> </div><div> 微生物多样化，生物的食物链长，有利于提高污水处理效果和单位面积的处理负荷。<br /> </div><div> 优势菌群分段运行，有利于提高微生物对有机污染物的降解效率和增加难降解污染物的去除率，提高脱氮除磷效果。<br /> </div><div> 对水质、水量变动有较强的适应性，耐冲击负荷力增强。<br /> </div><div> 污泥沉降性能好，易于固液分离，剩余污泥产量少，降低了污泥处理费用，进而降低投资费用。<br /> </div><div> 适合低浓度污水的处理。<br /> </div><div> 易于维护，运行管理方便，耗能低。<br /> </div><div> (2)缺点：<br /> </div><div> 与活性污泥法相比，生物膜法对环境温度的要求较高，气温过高或过低都会影响生物膜的活性，引起生物膜的坏死和脱落。<br /> </div><div> 另外，载体的比表面积对生物膜处理的效果有着很大的影响，如果选用的滤料比表面积达不到要求，想要达到预期的处理效果就需要增加处理池的面积，<br /> </div> </div> <div class="nextNews" style="font-size: 16px; color: #666;"> <p>上一篇：<a style="color: #168de3;" href="https://www.hbzhan.com/tech_news/detail/387909.html" target="_blank">潜水搅拌机处理后的污泥要符合节能减排的要求</a></p> <p>下一篇：<a style="color: #168de3;" href="https://www.hbzhan.com/tech_news/detail/387674.html" target="_blank">酸性废水的处理的三大分类</a></p> </div> <div class="solicit"> <div class="solicit-item"> <b>全年征稿/资讯合作</b> <span>联系邮箱：hbzhan@vip.qq.com</span> </div> </div> <div class="coprt"> <dl> <dt>版权与免责声明</dt> 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