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ALICE is one of the experiments optimised for heavy-ion collisions. A fixed-target experiment in ALICE is being considered to collide a portion of the beam halo, split using a bent crystal inserted in the transverse hierarchy of the LHC collimation system, with an internal target placed a few metres upstream of the existing detector. This study is carried out as a part of the Physics Beyond Collider effort at CERN. Fixed-target collisions offer many physics opportunities related to hadronic matter and the quark-gluon plasma to extend the research potential of the CERN accelerator complex. Production of physics events depends on the particle flux on the target. The machine layout for the fixed-target experiment is developed to provide a flux of particles on the target high enough to exploit the full capabilities of the ALICE detector acquisition system. This paper summarises the fixed-target layout consisting of the crystal assembly, the target and the downstream absorbers. We discuss the conceptual integration of these elements within the LHC ring, the impact on ring losses, and expected performance in terms of particle flux on target. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) is the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator colliding beams of protons and lead ions at energies up to 7 ZTeV, Z is the atomic number. ALICE is one of the detector experiments optimised for heavy-ion collisions. A fixed-target experiment in ALICE is being considered to collide a portion of the beam halo, split using a bent crystal inserted in the transverse hierarchy of the LHC collimation system, with an internal target placed a few meters upstream of the existing detector. This study is carried out as a part of the Physics Beyond Collider effort at CERN. Fixed-target collisions offer many physics opportunities related to hadronic matter and the quark-gluon plasma to extend the research potential of the CERN accelerator complex. Production of physics events depends on the particle flux on target. The machine layout for the fixed-target experiment is developed to provide a flux of particles on the target high enough to exploit the full capabilities of the ALICE detector acquisition system. This paper summarises the fixed-target layout consisting of the crystal assembly, the target and downstream absorbers. We discuss the conceptual integration of these elements within the LHC ring, the impact on ring losses, and expected performance in terms of particle flux on target. 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Fixed-target collisions offer many physics opportunities related to hadronic matter and the quark-gluon plasma to extend the research potential of the CERN accelerator complex. Production of physics events depends on the particle flux on target. The machine layout for the fixed-target experiment is developed to provide a flux of particles on the target high enough to exploit the full capabilities of the ALICE detector acquisition system. This paper summarises the fixed-target layout consisting of the crystal assembly, the target and downstream absorbers. We discuss the conceptual integration of these elements within the LHC ring, the impact on ring losses, and expected performance in terms of particle flux on target." property="og:description" />  <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <style></style> </head> <body class="ALICE32Preprints search" lang="hr">  <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=hr&referer=https%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/2841030%3Fln%3Dhr" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Sign in</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Directory</a></li> </ul> </div>   <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Access articles, reports and multimedia content in HEP</h3> </hgroup> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=hr">Pretraži</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=hr">Prihvati</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=hr">Pomoć</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=hr">Personaliziraj</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=hr">Your alerts</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=hr">Your baskets</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=hr">Your comments</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=hr">Your searches</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=hr" class="navtrail">Početna stranica</a> > <a href="/collection/CERN%20Experiments?ln=hr" class="navtrail">CERN Experiments</a> > <a href="/collection/LHC%20Experiments?ln=hr" class="navtrail">LHC Experiments</a> > <a href="/collection/ALICE?ln=hr" class="navtrail">ALICE</a> > <a href="/collection/ALICE%20Preprints?ln=hr" class="navtrail">ALICE Preprints</a> > HL-LHC layout for fixed-target experiments in ALICE based on crystal-assisted beam halo splitting </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="on first"><a href="/record/2841030/?ln=hr">Information </a></li><li class=""><a href="/record/2841030/comments?ln=hr">Discussion (0) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/record/2841030/files?ln=hr">Files </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside">  <abbr class="unapi-id" title="2841030"></abbr> <style type="text/css">  </style> <table class="formatRecordTableFullWidth" > <tr> <td class="formatRecordHeader" style="background-image: url('https://cds.cern.ch/img/journals.jpg');" colspan="2">  Article </td> </tr> <script type="text/javascript"> $( document ).ready(function() { $('.showAuthor').on('click', function() { var author = '<p>' + $(this).data('name') + '</p>'; var affiliation = $(this).data('affiliation') + '</br>'; var contribution = $(this).data('contribution') + '</br>'; $.magnificPopup.open({ items: { src: '<div id="ovelary-mathjax" class="overlay-white oc-content overlay-white-500">' + author + affiliation + contribution + '</div>', type: 'inline' }, callbacks: { open: function() { var div = document.getElementById("overlay-mathjax") MathJax.Hub.Queue(["Typeset", MathJax.Hub, div]); }, } }) }) }); </script> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Report number </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:2210.13299">arXiv:2210.13299</a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><b>HL-LHC layout for fixed-target experiments in ALICE based on crystal-assisted beam halo splitting</b></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> Author(s) </span> </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Patecki%2C%20Marcin&ln=hr">Patecki, Marcin</a> (Warsaw U. of Tech.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Mirarchi%2C%20Daniele&ln=hr">Mirarchi, Daniele</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Redaelli%2C%20Stefano&ln=hr">Redaelli, Stefano</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Fomin%2C%20Alex&ln=hr">Fomin, Alex</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Hadjidakis%2C%20Cynthia&ln=hr">Hadjidakis, Cynthia</a> (IJCLab, Orsay) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Galluccio%2C%20Francesca&ln=hr">Galluccio, Francesca</a> (INFN, Naples) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Scandale%2C%20Walter&ln=hr">Scandale, Walter</a> (Imperial Coll., London ; INFN, Rome)</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Publication </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">2023-11-18</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Imprint </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">2022-10-24</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Number of pages </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">6</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> In: </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12140-3"><i>Eur. Phys. J. C</i> 83 (2023) 1053</a> </a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> DOI </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12140-3" title="DOI" target="_blank">10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12140-3</a> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Subject category </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">physics.acc-ph ; Accelerators and Storage Rings</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Accelerator/Facility, Experiment </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?p=CERN%20LHC&f=693__a">CERN LHC</a> ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?p=ALICE&f=693__e">ALICE</a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Project </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href='https://cds.cern.ch/search?p=693__p:"CERN HL-LHC"'>CERN HL-LHC</a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Abstract </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) is the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator colliding beams of protons and lead ions at energies up to 7 ZTeV, Z is the atomic number. ALICE is one of the detector experiments optimised for heavy-ion collisions. A fixed-target experiment in ALICE is being considered to collide a portion of the beam halo, split using a bent crystal inserted in the transverse hierarchy of the LHC collimation system, with an internal target placed a few meters upstream of the existing detector. This study is carried out as a part of the Physics Beyond Collider effort at CERN. Fixed-target collisions offer many physics opportunities related to hadronic matter and the quark-gluon plasma to extend the research potential of the CERN accelerator complex. Production of physics events depends on the particle flux on target. The machine layout for the fixed-target experiment is developed to provide a flux of particles on the target high enough to exploit the full capabilities of the ALICE detector acquisition system. This paper summarises the fixed-target layout consisting of the crystal assembly, the target and downstream absorbers. We discuss the conceptual integration of these elements within the LHC ring, the impact on ring losses, and expected performance in terms of particle flux on target.</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Copyright/License </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">preprint: (License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a>)<br/>publication: © 2023-2025 The Author(s) (License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY-4.0</a>), sponsored by <a href="http://scoap3.org">SCOAP³</a></td></tr> </table> <br /><div style="max-width:1024px;margin:auto"><div style="overflow-x:auto;display:inline;width:100%;"><a href="/record/2841030/plots#0"><img style="vertical-align:middle;" src="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2841030/files/FT_layout_one_column.png" title=" Working principle of the crystal-based fixed-target experiment (right side of the graphics) being embedded into the multi-stage collimation system (left side of the graphics). Graphics based on~\cite{Daniele_LHCb}, mostly by D.~Mirarchi." width="200px"/></a> <a href="/record/2841030/plots#1"><img style="vertical-align:middle;" src="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2841030/files/IR2_B1B2negXposXtopC.png" title=" The proposed layout of the ALICE-FT experiment. Both beams (B1 and B2) with their envelopes ($\rm 7.3~\sigma$) are given with solid lines for both ALICE solenoid polarities (posX and negX). Deflected beams are given in dashed blue lines. The machine aperture is given in solid black lines. Vertical dashed lines mark the locations of crystals, target and IP2, respectively. The location of absorbers is marked in the right bottom corner." width="200px"/></a> <a href="/record/2841030/plots#2"><img style="vertical-align:middle;" src="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2841030/files/IMG_2651.png" title=" Conditions inside the LHC tunnel at the proposed location for an installation of the crystal." width="200px"/></a> <a href='/record/2841030/plots'>Show more plots</a></div></div><br /> <br/>Corresponding record in: <a href="http://inspirehep.net/record/2170742">Inspire</a> <small> </small> <br/> <br/><br/><div align="right"><div style="padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:30px;"><span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"> <a href="" class="moreinfo">Back to search</a> </span></div></div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"><div class="recordlastmodifiedbox" style="position:relative;margin-left:1px"> Zapis kreiran 2022-11-15, zadnja izmjena 2024-01-27</div></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"><a href="/search?ln=hr&p=recid%3A2841030&rm=wrd" class="moreinfo">Slični zapisi</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> <br /> <div class="detailedrecordminipanel"> <div class="top-left"></div><div class="top-right"></div> <div class="inside"> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelfile" style="width:33%;float:left;text-align:center;margin-top:0"> <div><small class="detailedRecordActions">Cjeloviti tekst:</small> <br /><em>2210.13299</em> - <a href="/record/2841030/files/2210.13299.pdf"><img style="border:none" src="/img/file-icon-text-12x16.gif" alt="Download fulltext"/>PDF</a><br /><em>document</em> - <a href="/record/2841030/files/document.pdf"><img style="border:none" src="/img/file-icon-text-12x16.gif" alt="Download fulltext"/>PDF</a><br /></div> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelreview" style="width:30%;float:left;text-align:center"> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelactions" style="width:36%;float:right;text-align:right;"> <ul class="detailedrecordactions"> <li><a href="/yourbaskets/add?ln=hr&recid=2841030">Add to personal basket</a></li> <li>Export as <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2841030/export/hx?ln=hr">BibTeX</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2841030/export/hm?ln=hr">MARC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2841030/export/xm?ln=hr">MARCXML</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2841030/export/xd?ln=hr">DC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2841030/export/xe?ln=hr">EndNote</a>,  <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2841030/export/xn?ln=hr">NLM</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2841030/export/xw?ln=hr">RefWorks</a> </li> </ul> <div style='padding-left: 13px;'>  <div id="bookmark"></div> <div id="bookmark_sciencewise"></div> <style type="text/css"> #bookmark_sciencewise, #bookmark {float: left;} #bookmark_sciencewise li {padding: 2px; width: 25px;} #bookmark_sciencewise ul, #bookmark ul {list-style-image: none;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.bookmark.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css">@import "/css/jquery.bookmark.css";</style> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ $.bookmark.addSite('sciencewise', 'ScienceWise.info', 'https://cds.cern.ch/img/sciencewise.png', 'en', 'bookmark', 'http://sciencewise.info/bookmarks/2210.1329/add'); $('#bookmark_sciencewise').bookmark({sites: ['sciencewise']}); $('#bookmark').bookmark({ sites: ['facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'google_plusone'], icons: '/img/bookmarks.png', url: 'https://cds.cern.ch/record/2841030', addEmail: true, title: "HL-LHC layout for fixed-target experiments in ALICE based on crystal-assisted beam halo splitting", description: "The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) is the world\u2019s largest and most powerful particle accelerator colliding beams of protons and lead ions at energies up to 7\u00a0Z\u00a0TeV, where Z is the atomic number. ALICE is one of the experiments optimised for heavy-ion collisions. A fixed-target experiment in ALICE is being considered to collide a portion of the beam halo, split using a bent crystal inserted in the transverse hierarchy of the LHC collimation system, with an internal target placed a few metres upstream of the existing detector. This study is carried out as a part of the Physics Beyond Collider effort at CERN. Fixed-target collisions offer many physics opportunities related to hadronic matter and the quark-gluon plasma to extend the research potential of the CERN accelerator complex. Production of physics events depends on the particle flux on the target. The machine layout for the fixed-target experiment is developed to provide a flux of particles on the target high enough to exploit the full capabilities of the ALICE detector acquisition system. This paper summarises the fixed-target layout consisting of the crystal assembly, the target and the downstream absorbers. We discuss the conceptual integration of these elements within the LHC ring, the impact on ring losses, and expected performance in terms of particle flux on target." }); // ]]> </script>  </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;margin-bottom: 0;"></div> </div> <div class="bottom-left"></div><div class="bottom-right"></div> </div> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="pagefooter clearfix">  <div class="pagefooterstripeleft"> CERN Document Server :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=hr">Pretraži</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=hr">Prihvati</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=hr">Personaliziraj</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=hr">Pomoć</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=privacy_policy&se=CDS-Service" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/content-policy" target="_blank">Content Policy</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/terms" target="_blank">Terms and Conditions</a> <br /> Powered by <a class="footer" href="http://invenio-software.org/">Invenio</a> <br /> Održava <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Service</a> - Need help? 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