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searchaux" style="display:none">Italian architect</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Ferdinando Fuga</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ferdinando_Fuga_(2020_attributed).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ferdinando_Fuga_%282020_attributed%29.jpg/220px-Ferdinando_Fuga_%282020_attributed%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ferdinando_Fuga_%282020_attributed%29.jpg/330px-Ferdinando_Fuga_%282020_attributed%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ferdinando_Fuga_%282020_attributed%29.jpg/440px-Ferdinando_Fuga_%282020_attributed%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1610" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1699-11-11</span>)</span>11 November 1699<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">7 February 1782<span style="display:none">(1782-02-07)</span> (aged 82)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Architect</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Buildings</th><td class="infobox-data note"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Corsini,_Rome" title="Palazzo Corsini, Rome">Palazzo Corsini, Rome</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ospedale_L%27Albergo_Reale_dei_Poveri,_Naples" title="Ospedale L'Albergo Reale dei Poveri, Naples">Ospedale L'Albergo Reale dei Poveri, Naples</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Projects</th><td class="infobox-data note">New façade of the church of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore">Santa Maria Maggiore</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ferdinando Fuga</b> (11 November 1699 – 7 February 1782)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an Italian architect who was born in <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>, and is known for his work in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> and <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>. Much of his early work was in Rome, notably, the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_della_Consulta" title="Palazzo della Consulta">Palazzo della Consulta</a> (1732–7) at the <a href="/wiki/Quirinal_Palace" title="Quirinal Palace">Quirinal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Corsini,_Rome" title="Palazzo Corsini, Rome">Palazzo Corsini</a> (1736–54), the façade of the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore">Santa Maria Maggiore</a> (1741–3), and the Church of Sant'Apollinare (1742–8).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later moved to Naples and notably designed the <a href="/wiki/Ospedale_L%27Albergo_Reale_dei_Poveri,_Naples" title="Ospedale L'Albergo Reale dei Poveri, Naples">Albergo de'Poveri</a> (an enormous work-house) (1751–81), the façade of the <a href="/wiki/Girolamini,_Naples" title="Girolamini, Naples">Church of the Gerolamini</a>, and that of the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Giordano_a_Via_Medina,_Naples" title="Palazzo Giordano a Via Medina, Naples">Palazzo Giordano</a> (both c.1780,).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg/300px-Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg/450px-Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg/600px-Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore_-_Roma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6906" data-file-height="5358" /></a><figcaption>Façade (1743) of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore">Santa Maria Maggiore</a>, Rome</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_work">Early work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinando_Fuga&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After studying under <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Foggini" title="Giovanni Battista Foggini">Giovanni Battista Foggini</a>, Fuga settled in Rome in 1718.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout the 1720s he worked on three projects: submitting a design for the <a href="/wiki/Trevi_Fountain" title="Trevi Fountain">Trevi Fountain</a> in 1723, and 2 designs for façades for the churches San Giovanni in Laterano, 1723, and Santa Maria sopra Minerva, 1725. In 1730, after a brief stay in Naples, Fuga was commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_XII" title="Pope Clement XII">Pope Clement XII</a> to design his <a href="/wiki/Corsini_family" title="Corsini family">family</a> home <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Corsini,_Rome" title="Palazzo Corsini, Rome">Palazzo Corsini, Rome</a> and then later to build the Coffee House of the <a href="/wiki/Quirinal_Palace" title="Quirinal Palace">Quirinal Palace</a> as a reception room for <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XIV" title="Pope Benedict XIV">Benedict XIV Lambertini</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His first significant work was in Naples. He was commissioned to design the richly decorated chapel of the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Cellamare" class="mw-redirect" title="Palazzo Cellamare">Palazzo Cellamare</a>, as well as its rusticated gate to the gardens with a scrolling pediment and a sculptured <a href="/wiki/Cartouche_(design)" title="Cartouche (design)">cartouche</a> of arms, (1726—1727); Fuga's patron was the infamous ambassador, <a href="/wiki/Antonio_del_Giudice" title="Antonio del Giudice">Antonio del Giudice</a>, Prince of Cellamare. Fuga also travelled to <a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a> in 1729–1730 in connection with a projected bridge over the Milicia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Work_in_Rome">Work in Rome</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinando_Fuga&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Work in Rome"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After his return to Rome, he was nominated as the architect of the pontifical palaces by his Florentine countryman <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_XII" title="Pope Clement XII">Pope Clement XII</a> <a href="/wiki/Corsini_family" title="Corsini family">Corsini</a>, a position later confirmed by Benedict XIV. Fuga's masterwork is the <i>palazzo</i>-like screening façade he erected in front of the <a href="/wiki/Basilica" title="Basilica">basilica</a> of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiore" title="Santa Maria Maggiore">Santa Maria Maggiore</a> (1741–1743). A similar project, considered to be a dry run for the greater project, is the façade he provided for <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cecilia_in_Trastevere" title="Santa Cecilia in Trastevere">Santa Cecilia in Trastevere</a>. In both cases, care was taken not to mar the mosaics of the medieval fronts that still lie behind Fuga's screens, which provided a <a href="/wiki/Narthex" title="Narthex">narthex</a> for each ancient basilica. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palazzo_della_Consulta_(Rome).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Palazzo_della_Consulta_%28Rome%29.jpg/250px-Palazzo_della_Consulta_%28Rome%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Palazzo_della_Consulta_%28Rome%29.jpg/375px-Palazzo_della_Consulta_%28Rome%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Palazzo_della_Consulta_%28Rome%29.jpg/500px-Palazzo_della_Consulta_%28Rome%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6187" data-file-height="4147" /></a><figcaption>Palazzo della Consulta, Rome.</figcaption></figure> <p>Among his other major commissions in Rome was the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_della_Consulta" title="Palazzo della Consulta">Palazzo della Consulta</a> (1732–1735), which, like the nearby <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Quirinale" class="mw-redirect" title="Palazzo Quirinale">Palazzo Quirinale</a>, fronts the Piazza di Monte Cavallo. Fuga designed the two-storey façade with a <i><a href="/wiki/Piano_nobile" title="Piano nobile">piano nobile</a></i> whose windows have low arched heads set in fielded panels, over a ground floor with low <a href="/wiki/Mezzanine_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mezzanine (architecture)">mezzanine</a>. On the lower storey, the panels have <a href="/wiki/Rustication_(architecture)" title="Rustication (architecture)">channeled rustication</a> and rusticated quoins at the corners. Pilasters are applied only to the central three-bay block, which barely projects, and to the corners. </p><p>Between 1730 and 1732, Fuga completed the extension of the <i>Manica Lunga</i> of the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_del_Quirinale" class="mw-redirect" title="Palazzo del Quirinale">Palazzo del Quirinale</a> with the construction of the adjoining building called the <i>Palazzina del Segretario delle Cifre</i>. </p><p>The little church of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_dell%E2%80%99Orazione_e_Morte" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Maria dell’Orazione e Morte">Santa Maria dell’Orazione e Morte</a> (1733–37) was a small project undertaken for the <i>Compagna della buona morte</i> whose role since 1538 had been to give decent burial to the unclaimed corpses of Rome. Fuga was himself a member of this confraternity which possessed its own <i><a href="/wiki/Coemeterium" title="Coemeterium">coemeterium</a></i> on the banks of the Tiber, since lost to the nineteenth-century construction of the <i><a href="/wiki/Lungotevere" title="Lungotevere">Lungotevere</a></i>. The previous church of 1575 was demolished in 1733, and Fuga gave the new one an elliptical plan under an <a href="/wiki/Elliptical_dome" title="Elliptical dome">elliptical dome</a>. On its crowded façade a triangular pediment encloses a segmental one, both cornices breaking forwards at the center and at the corners; pairs of columns fill the narrow recesses between the wide central bay and the corners, which are emphasized with stacked pilasters. <a href="/wiki/Skull_(symbolism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skull (symbolism)">Skulls wreathed with laurel</a> serve as brackets for the pediment of the door. </p><p>Various transformations were effected for the relatives of Pope Clement XII Corsini in the Palazzo Riario alla Lungara, which had been modified for <a href="/wiki/Christina_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Christina of Sweden">Christina, queen of Sweden</a> in the previous century but later became the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Corsini_alla_Lungara" class="mw-redirect" title="Palazzo Corsini alla Lungara">Palazzo Corsini alla Lungara</a>, purchased on 27 July 1736 from Duke Riario by Don Neri and Don Bartolomeo Corsini, for 70 thousand <a href="/wiki/Scudi" class="mw-redirect" title="Scudi">scudi</a>. After Christina's death in 1689, her sculpture gallery and her library were emptied. Fuga was called in to pull together the 15th and 16th-century amenagements for the Corsini brothers, works which took from 1736 to 1758 before all was finally completed. The Corsini retained Christina's bedroom just as she had left it, and the "urban" front in piazza Fiammetta had to be left untouched, but the weight of her library had produced cracks in the vaulting below it, and repairs to the existing structure were not finished until 1738.<sup id="cite_ref-Holste_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holste-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fuga worked on the garden front of the palazzo, beginning with work on the library wing for Neri Corsini. In 1751-53 he added an identical central block containing a theatrical divided staircase, lit with large windows that looked onto the garden <a href="/wiki/Parterre" title="Parterre">parterres</a>, which had been modified and brought up to date in 1741. Then the two were linked with a ground-floor portico. In the interiors, fuga managed in innovative ways to maintain a separation of the functional service circulation from the suites of parade rooms. </p><p>In 1742, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XIV" title="Pope Benedict XIV">Pope Benedict XIV</a> commissioned Fuga to rebuild <a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_Sant%27Apollinare" title="Basilica di Sant'Apollinare">Basilica di Sant'Apollinare</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Turismo_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turismo-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fuga's commission was completed about 1748. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Work_in_Kingdom_of_Naples">Work in Kingdom of Naples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinando_Fuga&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Work in Kingdom of Naples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albergo_Poveri6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Albergo_Poveri6.jpg/250px-Albergo_Poveri6.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Albergo_Poveri6.jpg/375px-Albergo_Poveri6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Albergo_Poveri6.jpg/500px-Albergo_Poveri6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Albergo dei Poveri, Naples.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1748, he was called to <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> along with a team under <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Vanvitelli" title="Luigi Vanvitelli">Luigi Vanvitelli</a>, to work for the new Bourbon King of Naples <a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles III</a>, King of the <a href="/wiki/Two_Sicilies" class="mw-redirect" title="Two Sicilies">Two Sicilies</a>. Here Fuga worked as one of the court architects in renovations to the Naples, where the king and his progressive minister <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Tanucci" title="Bernardo Tanucci">Bernardo Tanucci</a> were changing the face of the city, opening new neighborhoods, driving new arterial avenues and promoting some social and economic modernizations in the backward kingdom. The immediate part of the <a href="/wiki/Urbanism" title="Urbanism">urban planning</a> involved, for example, the construction of the colossal <i><a href="/wiki/Ospedale_L%27Albergo_Reale_dei_Poveri,_Naples" title="Ospedale L'Albergo Reale dei Poveri, Naples">Albergo dei Poveri</a></i> with a gray stucco front extending of 354 m. It was intended as a hospice to shelter 8,000 poor from all over the kingdom (segregated by sex and age) but especially the "street people" of Naples, a project which was realized only in part. Fuga's final design, centered on a hexagonal church, devoted one courtyard to each of the intended social classes— men, women, boys and girls—each with their separate entrance. Construction was begun in July 1751. After the departure of King Charles to take over the crown of Spain, work slowed, and when it finally ceased in 1819, three of Fuga's five courts were completed, as they may be seen today, damaged by the earthquake of 1980 and closed.<sup id="cite_ref-Serafino_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Serafino-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A second project with an enlightened social cast was the <i>Cimitero delle 366 Fosse</i> ("<a href="/wiki/Cemetery_of_the_366_Fossae,_Naples" title="Cemetery of the 366 Fossae, Naples">Cemetery of the 366 Fossae</a>" one for each day of the year) not far from the <i>Albergo</i>, for which Fuga succeeded in obtaining assent from <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies">Ferdinand IV</a> in 1762.<sup id="cite_ref-Serafino_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Serafino-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This project systematized the daily burden of corpses of the poorest Neapolitans that were delivered to the Ospedale and buried in various modes around the outskirts of the city. The cemetery functioned until 1890. </p><p>The paving in colored marbles he designed in 1761 for the basilica of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Chiara,_Naples" title="Santa Chiara, Naples">Santa Chiara</a> no longer exists, but his Chapel of the <i>Regi Depositi</i> (1766) remains.<sup id="cite_ref-Serafino_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Serafino-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a third vast public project, Fuga also designed the <i>Granili</i> (1779?), which were more than immense public granaries; they also contained a military arsenal and a ropewalk (since demolished). And a third Bourbon public venture was the ceramic manufactory adjoining the park of <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Caserta" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Caserta">Caserta</a> (1771–1772). </p><p>In Palermo, the <a href="/wiki/Palermo_Cathedral" title="Palermo Cathedral">Gothic and Romanesque cathedral complex</a> had developed damage from earthquakes. In 1767, Fuga was entrusted with the reconstruction in the interior, the small subsidiary domes over the nave chapels, and the addition of a tall dome over the crossing. The interior has an unexpected simplicity relative to the eclectic jumbles of styles visible from the exterior. </p><p>In Naples, Fuga was called upon in 1768 to transform the grand reception room of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Palace_of_Naples" title="Royal Palace of Naples">Royal Palace</a>, which had been in general disuse since the court had removed to <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Caserta" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Caserta">Caserta</a>, into a court theatre. For private clients he constructed numerous <i>palazzi</i>, notably <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Aquino_di_Caramanico,_Naples" class="mw-redirect" title="Palazzo Aquino di Caramanico, Naples">Palazzo Aquino di Caramanico</a> and Palazzo Giordano, as well as villas for aristocratic patrons. He designed the <a href="/wiki/Villa_Favorita,_Ercolano" title="Villa Favorita, Ercolano">Villa Favorita</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ercolano" title="Ercolano">Ercolano</a>, in a manner traditional in Italy, has one façade directly on the street, the other giving on to extensive gardens.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his last work, the façade of the Church of the Gerolamini (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1780</span>), which belies its date, he remained essentially a fully Baroque architect. </p><p>A square, <a href="/wiki/Piazza_Ferdinando_Fuga" title="Piazza Ferdinando Fuga">Piazza Ferdinando Fuga</a>, was dedicated to him in the <a href="/wiki/Vomero" title="Vomero">Vomero district</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinando_Fuga&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095837460">"Ferdinando Fuga"</a>. <i>Oxford Reference</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Reference&rft.atitle=Ferdinando+Fuga&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Foi%2Fauthority.20110803095837460&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerdinando+Fuga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abebooks.co.uk/9788870030372/Palazzo-Consulta-larchitettura-romana-Ferdinando-8870030377/plp">"9788870030372: Il Palazzo della Consulta e l'architettura romana di Ferdinando Fuga. - AbeBooks - Francesco Nevola; Vanessa Palmer: 8870030377"</a>. <i>www.abebooks.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.abebooks.co.uk&rft.atitle=9788870030372%3A+Il+Palazzo+della+Consulta+e+l%27architettura+romana+di+Ferdinando+Fuga.+-+AbeBooks+-+Francesco+Nevola%3B+Vanessa+Palmer%3A+8870030377&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abebooks.co.uk%2F9788870030372%2FPalazzo-Consulta-larchitettura-romana-Ferdinando-8870030377%2Fplp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerdinando+Fuga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCurl2006" class="citation book cs1">Curl, James Stevens (2006). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofarch00curl_0"><i>A dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture</i></a></span> (2. ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780198606789" title="Special:BookSources/9780198606789"><bdi>9780198606789</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+dictionary+of+Architecture+and+Landscape+Architecture&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=2.&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780198606789&rft.aulast=Curl&rft.aufirst=James+Stevens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryofarch00curl_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerdinando+Fuga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collection.cooperhewitt.org/people/18042621/">"Ferdinando Fuga | People | Collection of Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum"</a>. <i>collection.cooperhewitt.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=collection.cooperhewitt.org&rft.atitle=Ferdinando+Fuga+%7C+People+%7C+Collection+of+Cooper+Hewitt%2C+Smithsonian+Design+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollection.cooperhewitt.org%2Fpeople%2F18042621%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerdinando+Fuga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wga.hu/bio_m/f/fuga/biograph.html">"Biography of FUGA, Ferdinando in the Web Gallery of Art"</a>. <i>www.wga.hu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wga.hu&rft.atitle=Biography+of+FUGA%2C+Ferdinando+in+the+Web+Gallery+of+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wga.hu%2Fbio_m%2Ff%2Ffuga%2Fbiograph.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerdinando+Fuga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Holste-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Holste_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHolste" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Holste. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205530/http://lineamenta.biblhertz.it:8080/Lineamenta/1033478408.39/1053349068.91/1074077897.54">"Ferdinando Fuga, Progetti per la costruzione di Palazzo Corsini alla Lungara, Progetti per le cancellate del recinto, 1755"</a> [Projects for the construction of the Palazzo Corsini all Lungara, Projects for the enclosure gates, 1755] (in Italian). Roma: Istituto Nazionale per la Grafica. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lineamenta.biblhertz.it:8080/Lineamenta/1033478408.39/1053349068.91/1074077897.54">the original</a> on 2016-03-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ferdinando+Fuga%2C+Progetti+per+la+costruzione+di+Palazzo+Corsini+alla+Lungara%2C+Progetti+per+le+cancellate+del+recinto%2C+1755&rft.place=Roma&rft.pub=Istituto+Nazionale+per+la+Grafica&rft.au=Holste&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flineamenta.biblhertz.it%3A8080%2FLineamenta%2F1033478408.39%2F1053349068.91%2F1074077897.54&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerdinando+Fuga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Turismo-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Turismo_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.turismoroma.it/en/places/church-santapollinare">"Church of Sant'Apollinare", Turismo Roma, Major Events, Sport, Tourism and Fashion Department</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Serafino-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Serafino_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Serafino_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Serafino_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSerafino" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Serafino, Rosario. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061206202726/http://www.archemail.it/medioevo12.htm">"Ferdinando Fuga ed il curioso cimitero delle "366 fosse" a Napoli"</a> (in Italian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archemail.it/medioevo12.htm">the original</a> on 2006-12-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ferdinando+Fuga+ed+il+curioso+cimitero+delle+%22366+fosse%22+a+Napoli&rft.aulast=Serafino&rft.aufirst=Rosario&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archemail.it%2Fmedioevo12.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerdinando+Fuga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Villa La Favorita was acquired and expanded by the Royal Family.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinando_Fuga&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGambardella2001" class="citation conference cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gambardella, Alfonso (December 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20020617065509/http://www.librerianeapolis.it/pages/Schede/FerdinandoFuga.html"><i>Ferdinando Fuga. 1699 - 1999 Roma, Napoli, Palermo</i></a>. Convegno tenutosi a Napoli nei giorni 25 e 26 ottobre 1999, organizzato dalla Facoltà di Architettura della Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli (in Italian). Naples: E. S. I. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.librerianeapolis.it/pages/Schede/FerdinandoFuga.html">the original</a> on 2002-06-17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.btitle=Ferdinando+Fuga.+1699+-+1999+Roma%2C+Napoli%2C+Palermo&rft.place=Naples&rft.pub=E.+S.+I.&rft.date=2001-12&rft.aulast=Gambardella&rft.aufirst=Alfonso&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.librerianeapolis.it%2Fpages%2FSchede%2FFerdinandoFuga.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerdinando+Fuga" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGiordano1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Giordano, Paolo (1997). <i>Ferdinando Fuga a Napoli</i> (in Italian). Naples: Edizioni Del Grifo.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ferdinando+Fuga+a+Napoli&rft.place=Naples&rft.pub=Edizioni+Del+Grifo&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Giordano&rft.aufirst=Paolo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerdinando+Fuga" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLucarelli1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lucarelli, Francesco (1999). <i>La vita e la morte, dal Real Albergo dei Poveri al Cimitero della 366 Fosse</i> (in Italian). Naples: Edizioni Del Grifo.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+vita+e+la+morte%2C+dal+Real+Albergo+dei+Poveri+al+Cimitero+della+366+Fosse&rft.place=Naples&rft.pub=Edizioni+Del+Grifo&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Lucarelli&rft.aufirst=Francesco&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFerdinando+Fuga" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ferdinando_Fuga" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ferdinando Fuga">Ferdinando Fuga</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinando_Fuga&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of a 1905 <i><a href="/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a></i> article about "<b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Fuga,_Ferdinando" class="extiw" title="s:The New International Encyclopædia/Fuga, Ferdinando">Ferdinando Fuga</a></b>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quirinale.it/palazzo/mostre/2002_PalazzoQuirinale/foto_html/foto32.htm">Final design for the Palazzo della Consultà, 1732</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romecity.it/Santamariadellorazione.htm">"Chiesa di S. Maria dell'Orazione e Morte"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060622153824/http://urania.cib.na.cnr.it/Napoli/itinerary6/chiaia.html">Marc Cogan, <i>Via Chiaia</i></a> Palazzo Cellamare's pedimented doorway</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160115041314/http://www.italycyberguide.com/Geography/cities/rome2000/H4b.htm">Riccardo Cigola, "Chiesa di S.Maria dell'Orazione e Morte"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070119234633/http://www.arcobaleno.net/turismo/galleriaCorsini-lastoria.htm">"Palazzo Corsini: la storia"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.egyptedantan.com/famille_souveraine/famille_souveraine19.htm">Fuga's Villa La Favorita</a>: Views in an album of photos of the Khedive and his family.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070428130633/http://faculty.ed.umuc.edu/~jmatthew/naples/blog10.htm#jan19">Albergo dei Poveri</a> in Around Naples Encyclopedia</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000066312921">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/45100690">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/244072/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJB4hPVxGXd3mfXGKjpkjC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118910981">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88053068">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12201922t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12201922t">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Fuga, Ferdinando <1699-ca. 1782>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/SBLV041158">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX934680">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p074171895">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/75975">Vatican</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500012429">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/117338">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/06a989ac-6755-4400-a04e-847d7905314b">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="FUGA, Ferdinando"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/ferdinando-fuga_(Dizionario-Biografico)">Italian People</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theatre-architecture.eu/db.html?personId=2855">EUTA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118910981.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118910981">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/069332126">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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