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vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ແຫວນໄຟ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 74 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 ພາສາ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_van_Vuur" title="Ring van Vuur – ອາຟຣິການ" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ring van Vuur" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="ອາຟຣິການ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="منطقة الحزام الناري – ອາຣັບ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="منطقة الحزام الناري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ອາຣັບ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%B7_%D9%84%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%86" title="صمطة لعوافي دلمحيط لمهدن – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="صمطة لعوافي دلمحيط لمهدن" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cintur%C3%B3n_de_Fueu_del_Pac%C3%ADficu" title="Cinturón de Fueu del Pacíficu – ອັສຕູຮຽນ" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cinturón de Fueu del Pacíficu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ອັສຕູຮຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungkung_Api_Pasifik" title="Bungkung Api Pasifik – ບາລີເນັດ" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Bungkung Api Pasifik" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="ບາລີເນັດ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singsing_nin_Kalayo" title="Singsing nin Kalayo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Singsing nin Kalayo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%BE" title="Ціхаакіянскае вогненнае кальцо – ເບລາຣັສຊຽນ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ціхаакіянскае вогненнае кальцо" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ເບລາຣັສຊຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Тихоокеански огнен пръстен – ບັງກາຣຽນ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тихоокеански огнен пръстен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ບັງກາຣຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4" title="আগুনের বৃত্ত – ເບັງກາລີ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আগুনের বৃত্ত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ເບັງກາລີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacifi%C4%8Dki_vatreni_prsten" title="Pacifički vatreni prsten – ບອສນຽນ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pacifički vatreni prsten" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ບອສນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cintur%C3%B3_de_foc_del_Pac%C3%ADfic" title="Cinturó de foc del Pacífic – ຄາຕາລານ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cinturó de foc del Pacífic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="ຄາຕາລານ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohniv%C3%BD_kruh" title="Ohnivý kruh – ເຊກ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ohnivý kruh" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ເຊກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ildringen" title="Ildringen – ແດນິຊ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ildringen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ແດນິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pazifischer_Feuerring" title="Pazifischer Feuerring – ເຢຍລະມັນ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pazifischer Feuerring" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ເຢຍລະມັນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CF%86%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Δακτύλιος της φωτιάς – ກຣີກ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δακτύλιος της φωτιάς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ກຣີກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_of_Fire" title="Ring of Fire – ອັງກິດ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ring of Fire" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ອັງກິດ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacifika_fajra_rondo" title="Pacifika fajra rondo – ເອສປາຍ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pacifika fajra rondo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ເອສປາຍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cintur%C3%B3n_de_fuego_del_Pac%C3%ADfico" title="Cinturón de fuego del Pacífico – ສະແປນນິຊ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cinturón de fuego del Pacífico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ສະແປນນິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaikse_ookeani_tuler%C3%B5ngas" title="Vaikse ookeani tulerõngas – ເອສໂຕນຽນ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vaikse ookeani tulerõngas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ເອສໂຕນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozeano_Bareko_Suzko_Eraztuna" title="Ozeano Bareko Suzko Eraztuna – ບັສກີ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ozeano Bareko Suzko Eraztuna" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ບັສກີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4" title="حلقه آتش – ເປີຊຽນ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حلقه آتش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ເປີຊຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyynenmeren_tulirengas" title="Tyynenmeren tulirengas – ຟິນນິຊ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tyynenmeren tulirengas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ຟິນນິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceinture_de_feu_du_Pacifique" title="Ceinture de feu du Pacifique – ຝຣັ່ງ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ceinture de feu du Pacifique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ຝຣັ່ງ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A1inne_Tine" title="Fáinne Tine – ໄອຣິສ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fáinne Tine" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ໄອຣິສ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinto_de_lume_do_Pac%C3%ADfico" title="Cinto de lume do Pacífico – ກາລິຊຽນ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cinto de lume do Pacífico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ກາລິຊຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A9" title="טבעת האש – ຮີບຣິວ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טבעת האש" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ຮີບຣິວ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4" title="अग्नि वृत्त – ຮິນດິ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अग्नि वृत्त" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ຮິນດິ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacifi%C4%8Dki_vatreni_prsten" title="Pacifički vatreni prsten – ໂຄຣເອທຽນ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pacifički vatreni prsten" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ໂຄຣເອທຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirkumpacifikus-hegys%C3%A9grendszer" title="Cirkumpacifikus-hegységrendszer – ຮັງກາຣຽນ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cirkumpacifikus-hegységrendszer" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ຮັງກາຣຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B2%D6%85%D5%BE%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AD%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A5_%D6%85%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Խաղաղօվկիանոսյան հրաբուխների հրե օղակ – ອາເມນຽນ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խաղաղօվկիանոսյան հրաբուխների հրե օղակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ອາເມນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincin_Api_Pasifik" title="Cincin Api Pasifik – ອິນໂດເນຊຽນ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Cincin Api Pasifik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ອິນໂດເນຊຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singsing_ti_Apuy" title="Singsing ti Apuy – ໄອໂລໂກ" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Singsing ti Apuy" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ໄອໂລໂກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eldhringurinn" title="Eldhringurinn – ໄອສແລນດິກ" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Eldhringurinn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ໄອສແລນດິກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cintura_di_fuoco" title="Cintura di fuoco – ອິຕາລຽນ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cintura di fuoco" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ອິຕາລຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%AF" title="環太平洋火山帯 – ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="環太平洋火山帯" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali-ali_geni" title="Ali-ali geni – ຈາແວນີສ" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ali-ali geni" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ຈາແວນີສ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A7%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ცეცხლოვანი სარტყელი – ຈໍຈຽນ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცეცხლოვანი სარტყელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ຈໍຈຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B_%D1%88%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Отты шеңбер – ຄາຊັກ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Отты шеңбер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="ຄາຊັກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%98%ED%83%9C%ED%8F%89%EC%96%91_%EC%A1%B0%EC%82%B0%EB%8C%80" title="환태평양 조산대 – ເກົາຫລີ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="환태평양 조산대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ເກົາຫລີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulus_Ignis_Pacificus" title="Circulus Ignis Pacificus – ລາຕິນ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Circulus Ignis Pacificus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ລາຕິນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugnies_%C5%BEiedas" title="Ugnies žiedas – ລິທົວນຽນ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ugnies žiedas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ລິທົວນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uguns_loks" title="Uguns loks – ລັດວຽນ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Uguns loks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ລັດວຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingkar_gunung_api_pasifik" title="Lingkar gunung api pasifik – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Lingkar gunung api pasifik" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Огнен Прстен – ແມຊິໂດນຽນ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Огнен Прстен" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ແມຊິໂດນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC" title="റിംഗ് ഓഫ് ഫയർ – ມາເລອາລຳ" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റിംഗ് ഓഫ് ഫയർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="ມາເລອາລຳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingkaran_api_Pasifik" title="Lingkaran api Pasifik – ມາເລ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Lingkaran api Pasifik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ມາເລ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacifische_Ring_van_Vuur" title="Pacifische Ring van Vuur – ດັຊ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pacifische Ring van Vuur" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ດັຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eldringen_i_Stillehavet" title="Eldringen i Stillehavet – ນໍເວຈຽນ ນີນອກ" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Eldringen i Stillehavet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ນໍເວຈຽນ ນີນອກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ildringen_i_Stillehavet" title="Ildringen i Stillehavet – ນໍເວຈຽນ ບັອກມອລ" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ildringen i Stillehavet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ນໍເວຈຽນ ບັອກມອລ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cencha_de_Fu%C3%B2c_del_Pacific" title="Cencha de Fuòc del Pacific – ອັອກຊີຕານ" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cencha de Fuòc del Pacific" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ອັອກຊີຕານ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacyficzny_pier%C5%9Bcie%C5%84_ognia" title="Pacyficzny pierścień ognia – ໂປລິຊ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pacyficzny pierścień ognia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ໂປລິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%82%DB%82_%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4" title="حلقۂ آتش – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="حلقۂ آتش" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%ADrculo_de_fogo_do_Pac%C3%ADfico" title="Círculo de fogo do Pacífico – ປອກຕຸຍກິສ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Círculo de fogo do Pacífico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ປອກຕຸຍກິສ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cercul_de_foc_al_Pacificului" title="Cercul de foc al Pacificului – ໂຣແມນຽນ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cercul de foc al Pacificului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ໂຣແມນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%BE" title="Тихоокеанское вулканическое огненное кольцо – ລັດເຊຍ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тихоокеанское вулканическое огненное кольцо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ລັດເຊຍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatreni_pojas_Pacifika" title="Vatreni pojas Pacifika – ເຊີໂບ-ໂກເຊຍ" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vatreni pojas Pacifika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="ເຊີໂບ-ໂກເຊຍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Ring_of_Fire" title="Pacific Ring of Fire – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pacific Ring of Fire" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohniv%C3%BD_kruh" title="Ohnivý kruh – ສະໂລແວັກ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ohnivý kruh" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ສະໂລແວັກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacifi%C5%A1ki_ognjeni_obro%C4%8D" title="Pacifiški ognjeni obroč – ສະໂລເວນຽນ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pacifiški ognjeni obroč" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="ສະໂລເວນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unaza_e_Zjarrit" title="Unaza e Zjarrit – ອານບານຽນ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Unaza e Zjarrit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="ອານບານຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Ватрени појас Пацифика – ເຊີບຽນ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ватрени појас Пацифика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="ເຊີບຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cingcin_Api_Pasifik" title="Cingcin Api Pasifik – ຊຸນແດນນີສ" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Cingcin Api Pasifik" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="ຊຸນແດນນີສ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eldringen" title="Eldringen – ສະວີດິຊ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Eldringen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ສະວີດິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="எரிமலை வளையம் – ທາມິລ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எரிமலை வளையம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ທາມິລ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F" title="วงแหวนไฟ – ໄທ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วงแหวนไฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ໄທ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singsing_ng_Apoy_ng_Pasipiko" title="Singsing ng Apoy ng Pasipiko – ຕາກາລອກ" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Singsing ng Apoy ng Pasipiko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ຕາກາລອກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasifik_ate%C5%9F_%C3%A7emberi" title="Pasifik ateş çemberi – ເທີຄິຊ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pasifik ateş çemberi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ເທີຄິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Тихоокеанське вогняне коло – ຢູເຄຣນຽນ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тихоокеанське вогняне коло" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ຢູເຄຣນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%82%DB%82_%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4" title="حلقۂ آتش – ອູຣດູ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حلقۂ آتش" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ອູຣດູ" 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href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%A6" title="环太平洋火山带 – ຈີນອູ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="环太平洋火山带" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ຈີນອູ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="רינג פון פייער – ຢິວ" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="רינג פון פייער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ຢິວ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%A6" title="环太平洋火山带 – ຈີນ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="环太平洋火山带" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ຈີນ" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lo" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%9A:Pacific_Ring_of_Fire.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Pacific_Ring_of_Fire.svg/220px-Pacific_Ring_of_Fire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Pacific_Ring_of_Fire.svg/330px-Pacific_Ring_of_Fire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Pacific_Ring_of_Fire.svg/440px-Pacific_Ring_of_Fire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="942" data-file-height="569" /></a><figcaption> ວົງແຫວນໄຟປາຊີຟິກ, ມີຮ່ອງຮອຍທີ່ມີເສັ້ນສີຟ້າ</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%9A:EQs_1900-2013_worldseis.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/EQs_1900-2013_worldseis.png/220px-EQs_1900-2013_worldseis.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/EQs_1900-2013_worldseis.png/330px-EQs_1900-2013_worldseis.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/EQs_1900-2013_worldseis.png/440px-EQs_1900-2013_worldseis.png 2x" data-file-width="1817" data-file-height="969" /></a><figcaption> ແຜ່ນດິນໄຫວທົ່ວໂລກ (1900-2013)<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%9A:Pictogram_Ski_Slope_red.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Pictogram_Ski_Slope_red.svg/12px-Pictogram_Ski_Slope_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Pictogram_Ski_Slope_red.svg/18px-Pictogram_Ski_Slope_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Pictogram_Ski_Slope_red.svg/24px-Pictogram_Ski_Slope_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> : ແຜ່ນດິນໄຫວຂະໜາດ ≥ 7.0 (ຄວາມເລິກ 0–69 ກິໂລແມັດ (0–43 ໄມລ໌) <br />: ພູເຂົາໄຟເຄື່ອນໄຫວ</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%9A:Global_subducted_slabs_USGS.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Global_subducted_slabs_USGS.png/220px-Global_subducted_slabs_USGS.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Global_subducted_slabs_USGS.png/330px-Global_subducted_slabs_USGS.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Global_subducted_slabs_USGS.png/440px-Global_subducted_slabs_USGS.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1264" /></a><figcaption> ແຜນທີ່ທົ່ວໂລກຂອງເຂດ subduction, ມີຝາອັດປາກຂຸມ subducted contoured ໂດຍຄວາມເລິກ</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%9A:Subduction-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Subduction-en.svg/220px-Subduction-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Subduction-en.svg/330px-Subduction-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Subduction-en.svg/440px-Subduction-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1482" data-file-height="854" /></a><figcaption> ແຜນວາດຂອງຂະບວນການທໍລະນີສາດຂອງການຍ່ອຍ</figcaption></figure> <p><b>ແຫວນໄຟ</b> (ຍັງເອີ້ນວ່າ <b>ວົງແຫວນໄຟປາຊີຟິກ</b>, <b>ຂອບຂອງໄຟ</b>, <b>ວົງແຫວນໄຟ</b>, ຫຼື <b>ສາຍແອວ Circum-Pacific</b>) ເປັນສາຍ ແອວ ຂອງ ພູເຂົາໄຟ ແລະ <a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9C%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%A7" title="ແຜ່ນດິນໄຫວ">ແຜ່ນດິນໄຫວ</a>. </p><p>ມັນແມ່ນປະມານ 25,000 ໄມລ໌ (40,000 ກິໂລແມັດ) ຍາວ<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_ROF_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_ROF-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ແລະສູງສຸດປະມານ 500 ກິໂລແມັດ (310 ໄມລ໌) ກວ້າງ,<sup id="cite_ref-SternBloomer2020_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SternBloomer2020-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ແລະອ້ອມຮອບເກືອບທັງໝົດຂອງ <a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%9D%E0%BA%B8%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%9F%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%81" title="ມະຫາສະໝຸດປາຊີຟິກ">ມະຫາສະໝຸດປາຊີຟິກ</a>. </p><p>ວົງແຫວນຂອງໄຟປະກອບດ້ວຍພູເຂົາໄຟທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນໄຫວຫຼືຢູ່ລະຫວ່າງ 750 ຫາ 915 ໜ່ວຍ, ປະມານສອງສ່ວນສາມຂອງຈໍານວນທັງຫມົດຂອງໂລກ.<sup id="cite_ref-GVPDatabase2020_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GVPDatabase2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Siebert_etal_2010_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siebert_etal_2010-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ຈໍານວນທີ່ແນ່ນອນຂອງພູເຂົາໄຟພາຍໃນວົງແຫວນຂອງໄຟແມ່ນຂຶ້ນກັບວ່າພາກພື້ນໃດລວມ. </p><p>ກ່ຽວກັບ 90% ຂອງແຜ່ນດິນໄຫວຂອງໂລກ,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ລວມທັງການໃຫຍ່ທີ່ສຸດຂອງຕົນ,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ເກີດຂຶ້ນຢູ່ໃນສາຍແອວໄດ້. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ"><span id=".E0.BB.80.E0.BA.AD.E0.BA.81.E0.BA.B0.E0.BA.AA.E0.BA.B2.E0.BA.99.E0.BA.AD.E0.BB.89.E0.BA.B2.E0.BA.87.E0.BA.AD.E0.BA.B5.E0.BA.87"></span>ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%9F&action=edit&section=1" title="ແກ້ໄຂພາກ: ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ"><span>ດັດແກ້</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NOAA_ROF-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_ROF_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r110408">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1">"What is the Ring of Fire?".</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+is+the+Ring+of+Fire%3F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flo.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%9F" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Cite_web" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> requires <code class="cs1-code">|archive-date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> requires <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SternBloomer2020-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-SternBloomer2020_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r110408"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Subduction zone".</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Subduction+zone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flo.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%9F" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Cite_journal" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GVPDatabase2020-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-GVPDatabase2020_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r110408"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Volcanoes of the World, v. 4.3.4".</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Volcanoes+of+the+World%2C+v.+4.3.4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flo.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%9F" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Cite_journal" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Siebert_etal_2010-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Siebert_etal_2010_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r110408"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Volcanoes of the World</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Volcanoes+of+the+World&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flo.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r110408"><cite class="citation web cs1">"Ring of Fire".</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ring+of+Fire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flo.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%9F" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Cite_web" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> requires <code class="cs1-code">|archive-date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> requires <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r110408"><cite class="citation web cs1">"Earthquakes FAQ".</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Earthquakes+FAQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flo.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%9F" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Cite_web" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> requires <code class="cs1-code">|archive-date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> requires <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r110408"><cite class="citation web cs1">"Earthquakes Visual Glossary".</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Earthquakes+Visual+Glossary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flo.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%9F" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Cite_web" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> requires <code class="cs1-code">|archive-date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> requires <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">ດຶງຂໍ້ມູນຈາກ "<a dir="ltr" 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