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DNA\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\u6c3450 mL\u3092\u8a08\u91cf\u30ab\u30c3\u30d7\u3067\u91cf\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306b\u98df\u5668\u7528\u6d17\u52641 mL\u3068\u98df\u586910 g\uff08\u5c0f\u3055\u30582\u676f\uff09\u3092\u5165\u308c\u3066\u3001\u3086\u3063\u304f\u308a\u3068\u6df7\u305c\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\r\n\r\nQ. \u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u306b\u306a\u305c\u6d17\u5264\u3068\u5869\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. \u307e\u305a\u3001\u6d17\u5264\u306b\u306f\u300c\u754c\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5264\uff08\u304b\u3044\u3081\u3093\u304b\u3063\u305b\u3044\u3056\u3044\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u8cea\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\nDNA\u306f\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u5965\u6df1\u304f\u306b\u3057\u307e\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u3084\u6838\u306e\u819c\u3092\u58ca\u3055\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3092\u58ca\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u300c\u754c\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5264\u300d\u304c\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5869\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u7406\u7531\u306f\u3001DNA\u304c\u5869\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6db2\u4f53\u306b\u6eb6\u3051\u3084\u3059\u3044\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n2. \u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u4ed8\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3001\u30d8\u30bf\u3092\u53d6\u3063\u305f\u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u3092\u5165\u308c\u3001\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u9589\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\u2003\u21d2\u2003\r\n\u203b\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u8eab\u304c\u3053\u307c\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u9589\u3081\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\r\n\r\n3. \u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u3092\u62bc\u3057\u3064\u3076\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\u6307\u306e\u8179\u3067\u3001\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\nQ. \u306a\u305c\u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u3092\u3064\u3076\u3055\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. \u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3092\u58ca\u3059\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002DNA\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3001\u6838\u819c\u3092\u7a81\u7834\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3092\u58ca\u3057\u3001\u4e2d\u306eDNA\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3057\u3084\u3059\u304f\u3059\u308b\u6e96\u5099\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n4. \u62bd\u51fa\u6db210 mL\uff08\u5c0f\u3055\u30582\u676f\uff09\u3092\u3001\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u4ed8\u304d\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306b\u5165\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\n5. \u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u4ed8\u304d\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\u3084\u3055\u3057\u304f\u62bc\u3057\u3066\u6df7\u305c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6fc0\u3057\u304f\u62bc\u3057\u3064\u3076\u3055\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\nQ. \u306a\u305c\u6fc0\u3057\u304f\u62bc\u3057\u3064\u3076\u3057\u305f\u3089\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. DNA\u306f\u3082\u308d\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6fc0\u3057\u304f\u62bc\u3057\u3064\u3076\u3057\u305f\u308a\u5f37\u304f\u304b\u304d\u6df7\u305c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3068\u3001\u77ed\u304f\u5207\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u3001\u5272\u308a\u3070\u3057\u3067\u53d6\u308c\u306a\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n6. \u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u304c\u6db2\u72b6\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\nQ. \u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u4f55\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u3063\u3066\u308b\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. \u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3001\u6838\u819c\u304c\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u7834\u7815\u3068\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u306b\u3088\u308a\u58ca\u3055\u308c\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u8d64\u3044\u6db2\u4f53\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3001DNA\u304c\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\nQ. \u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3084\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3084\u6838\u819c\u304c\u58ca\u308c\u305f\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. \u4e3b\u306b\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u306f\u300c\u3064\u3076\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3084\u6838\u819c\u306f\u300c\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u306b\u89e6\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3067\u58ca\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3064\u3076\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u7269\u304c\u58ca\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3088\u306d\u3002\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u304c\u58ca\u308c\u305f\u306e\u3082\u3001\u540c\u3058\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3084\u6838\u819c\u304c\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u3067\u58ca\u308c\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u305f\u6d17\u5264\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300c\u754c\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5264\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3084\u6838\u306e\u819c\u3092\u58ca\u3059\u7269\u8cea\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\nQ. DNA\u306f\u307e\u3060\u898b\u3048\u306a\u3044\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. \u306f\u3044\u3001\u307e\u3060\u898b\u3048\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u300c\u5869\u300d\u306b\u3088\u308aDNA\u304c\u6eb6\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\u7d05\u8336\u306b\u7802\u7cd6\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6eb6\u3051\u3066\u898b\u3048\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066DNA\u3092\u6eb6\u304b\u3059\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3068\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3042\u3068\u3001\u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u306e\u56fa\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u308d\u904e\u3057\u3066\u9664\u304f\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001DNA\u3092\u6eb6\u3051\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u9664\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n7. \u30ad\u30c3\u30c1\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u3092\u7528\u610f\u3057\u3001\u6298\u308a\u7d19\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4e09\u89d2\u306b2\u56de\u6298\u3063\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\n8. \u8336\u3053\u3057\u3068\u900f\u660e\u306a\u30b3\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u7528\u610f\u3057\u3001\u30b3\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u8336\u3053\u3057\u3092\u8f09\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\n9. \u6298\u3063\u305f\u30ad\u30c3\u30c1\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u3092\u3001\u8336\u3053\u3057\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u306e\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n \u3000\r\n\r\n10. \u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u4ed8\u304d\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u4e2d\u8eab\u3092\u3001\u30ad\u30c3\u30c1\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u5165\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\nQ. \u3053\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u3001\u4f55\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\uff1f \r\nA. \u56fa\u4f53\u3092\u9664\u304d\u3001DNA\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6db2\u4f53\u3060\u3051\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u300c\u308d\u904e\u300d\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u30da\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3067\u9664\u304b\u308c\u308b\u56fa\u4f53\u306b\u306f\u3001\u58ca\u308c\u305f\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3084\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3084\u6838\u819c\u306a\u3069\u306e\u96d1\u591a\u306a\u3082\u306e\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002DNA\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u304e\u308a\u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n11.\u6db2\u304c\u8336\u3053\u3057\u304b\u3089\u4e0b\u306e\u30b3\u30c3\u30d7\u3078\u3068\u3001\u5c11\u3057\u305a\u3064\u843d\u3061\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6db2\u304c\u843d\u3061\u3066\u3053\u306a\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3089\u3001\u4e0a\u306e\u8336\u3053\u3057\u3068\u30ad\u30c3\u30c1\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u5916\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u4e0b\u306e\u5199\u771f\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u8d64\u3044\u6db2\u304c\u30b3\u30c3\u30d7\u306b\u6e9c\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\u3053\u306e\u6db2\u4f53\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3001DNA\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u307e\u3060\u898b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\r\n\r\n12. \u51b7\u8535\u5eab\u3067\u51b7\u3084\u3057\u305f\u30a8\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u309210 \u2026","hashtag":"ThermoFisherJP","subscribe":"content","subscribe_url":"","activestatus":"1","singular":"1","twitter_popup":"1","refresh":"0","nonce":"01c3793ea9","postid":"18351","servertime":"1732374713","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/plugins/mashsharer/assets/js/mashsb.min.js?ver=4.0.47" id="mashsb-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-google-analytics/assets/js/mashga.min.js?ver=1.0.9" id="mashga-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mashnet-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mashnet = {"body":"Check out this article I just read:","subject":"Check out this article from Accelerating Science","pinterest_select":"1","pinterest_image":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/learning-at-the-bench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/10\/55d61328aa1dbf8f77abfd6ebb757486-1.jpg","pinterest_desc":"\u203b\u81ea\u7531\u7814\u7a76\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304a\u7236\u3055\u3093\u304a\u6bcd\u3055\u3093\u3078\r\n\u30b5\u30fc\u30e2\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30a8\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u306f\u3001\u304a\u3046\u3061\u6642\u9593\u3067\u306e\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u5fdc\u63f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff01\r\n\u300cDNA\u62bd\u51fa\u300d\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u5b9a\u756a\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u5b9a\u756a\u3060\u3068\u8ab0\u304b\u3068\u88ab\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u306e\u3067\u306f\u3068\u5fc3\u914d\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5b9f\u9a13\u3092\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u300c\u306a\u305c\u3053\u3046\u306a\u308b\u3093\u3060\u308d\u3046\u300d\u300c\u3053\u308c\u3063\u3066\u4f55\u3060\u308d\u3046\u300d\u3068\u60f3\u50cf\u3092\u81a8\u3089\u307e\u305b\u305f\u308a\u3001\u8abf\u3079\u305f\u308a\u3001\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u3092\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u540c\u3058\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3082\u3001\u300c\u307b\u304b\u306e\u4eba\u3068\u306f\u307e\u3063\u305f\u304f\u9055\u3046\u81ea\u7531\u7814\u7a76\u300d\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300cDNA\u62bd\u51fa\u300d\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u3001\u300c\u306a\u305c\u300d\u3068\u300c\u306a\u306b\u300d\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\uff01\r\n\r\n\u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u304b\u3089DNA\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u307f\u3088\u3046\uff01\r\n\u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u306e\u5165\u624b\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30b3\u30ea\u30fc\u3067\u3082\u4ee3\u7528\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307b\u304b\u306b\u3082DNA\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u6750\u6599\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3082\u77e5\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305c\u3072\u304a\u5b50\u3055\u3093\u3068\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u63a2\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\r\n\r\n\u7528\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\r\n\r\n\t\u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\uff08\u30d8\u30bf\u3092\u53d6\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\uff09\r\n\r\n\t\t\u4e2d\u6027\u6d17\u5264\u203b1\r\n\u203b1\uff1a\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4e2d\u6027\u6d17\u5264\u306f\u3001\u6db2\u6027\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u306b\u300c\u4e2d\u6027\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\t\t\u98df\u5869\r\n\r\n\t\t\u51b7\u8535\u5eab\u3067\u51b7\u3084\u3057\u305f\u30a8\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u3000\u7d14\u5ea6\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u300c\u7121\u6c34\u30a8\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u300d\u203b2\u3092\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\r\n\u203b2\uff1a\u85ac\u5c40\u3067\u8cfc\u5165\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u300c\u6d88\u6bd2\u7528\u30a8\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u300d\u3057\u304b\u8ca9\u58f2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304a\u5e97\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3054\u6ce8\u610f\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\r\n\r\n\t\t\u30b9\u30dd\u30a4\u30c8\uff081 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\r\n\u30fb\u6750\u6599\u3084\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f\u8a18\u4e8b\u901a\u308a\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\n\u5b9f\u9a13\u65b9\u6cd5\r\n1. DNA\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\u6c3450 mL\u3092\u8a08\u91cf\u30ab\u30c3\u30d7\u3067\u91cf\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306b\u98df\u5668\u7528\u6d17\u52641 mL\u3068\u98df\u586910 g\uff08\u5c0f\u3055\u30582\u676f\uff09\u3092\u5165\u308c\u3066\u3001\u3086\u3063\u304f\u308a\u3068\u6df7\u305c\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\r\n\r\nQ. \u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u306b\u306a\u305c\u6d17\u5264\u3068\u5869\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. \u307e\u305a\u3001\u6d17\u5264\u306b\u306f\u300c\u754c\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5264\uff08\u304b\u3044\u3081\u3093\u304b\u3063\u305b\u3044\u3056\u3044\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u8cea\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\nDNA\u306f\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u5965\u6df1\u304f\u306b\u3057\u307e\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u3084\u6838\u306e\u819c\u3092\u58ca\u3055\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3092\u58ca\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u300c\u754c\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5264\u300d\u304c\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5869\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u7406\u7531\u306f\u3001DNA\u304c\u5869\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6db2\u4f53\u306b\u6eb6\u3051\u3084\u3059\u3044\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n2. \u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u4ed8\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3001\u30d8\u30bf\u3092\u53d6\u3063\u305f\u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u3092\u5165\u308c\u3001\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u9589\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\u2003\u21d2\u2003\r\n\u203b\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u8eab\u304c\u3053\u307c\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u9589\u3081\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\r\n\r\n3. \u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u3092\u62bc\u3057\u3064\u3076\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\u6307\u306e\u8179\u3067\u3001\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\nQ. \u306a\u305c\u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u3092\u3064\u3076\u3055\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. \u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3092\u58ca\u3059\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002DNA\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3001\u6838\u819c\u3092\u7a81\u7834\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3092\u58ca\u3057\u3001\u4e2d\u306eDNA\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3057\u3084\u3059\u304f\u3059\u308b\u6e96\u5099\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n4. \u62bd\u51fa\u6db210 mL\uff08\u5c0f\u3055\u30582\u676f\uff09\u3092\u3001\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u4ed8\u304d\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306b\u5165\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\n5. \u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u4ed8\u304d\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\u3084\u3055\u3057\u304f\u62bc\u3057\u3066\u6df7\u305c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6fc0\u3057\u304f\u62bc\u3057\u3064\u3076\u3055\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\nQ. \u306a\u305c\u6fc0\u3057\u304f\u62bc\u3057\u3064\u3076\u3057\u305f\u3089\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. DNA\u306f\u3082\u308d\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6fc0\u3057\u304f\u62bc\u3057\u3064\u3076\u3057\u305f\u308a\u5f37\u304f\u304b\u304d\u6df7\u305c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3068\u3001\u77ed\u304f\u5207\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u3001\u5272\u308a\u3070\u3057\u3067\u53d6\u308c\u306a\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n6. \u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u304c\u6db2\u72b6\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\nQ. \u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u4f55\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u3063\u3066\u308b\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. \u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3001\u6838\u819c\u304c\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u7834\u7815\u3068\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u306b\u3088\u308a\u58ca\u3055\u308c\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u8d64\u3044\u6db2\u4f53\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3001DNA\u304c\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\nQ. \u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3084\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3084\u6838\u819c\u304c\u58ca\u308c\u305f\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. \u4e3b\u306b\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u306f\u300c\u3064\u3076\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3084\u6838\u819c\u306f\u300c\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u306b\u89e6\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3067\u58ca\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3064\u3076\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u7269\u304c\u58ca\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3088\u306d\u3002\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u304c\u58ca\u308c\u305f\u306e\u3082\u3001\u540c\u3058\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3084\u6838\u819c\u304c\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u3067\u58ca\u308c\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u305f\u6d17\u5264\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300c\u754c\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5264\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3084\u6838\u306e\u819c\u3092\u58ca\u3059\u7269\u8cea\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\nQ. DNA\u306f\u307e\u3060\u898b\u3048\u306a\u3044\u306e\uff1f\r\nA. \u306f\u3044\u3001\u307e\u3060\u898b\u3048\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u300c\u5869\u300d\u306b\u3088\u308aDNA\u304c\u6eb6\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\u7d05\u8336\u306b\u7802\u7cd6\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6eb6\u3051\u3066\u898b\u3048\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066DNA\u3092\u6eb6\u304b\u3059\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3068\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3042\u3068\u3001\u30a4\u30c1\u30b4\u306e\u56fa\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u308d\u904e\u3057\u3066\u9664\u304f\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001DNA\u3092\u6eb6\u3051\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u9664\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n7. \u30ad\u30c3\u30c1\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u3092\u7528\u610f\u3057\u3001\u6298\u308a\u7d19\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4e09\u89d2\u306b2\u56de\u6298\u3063\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\n8. \u8336\u3053\u3057\u3068\u900f\u660e\u306a\u30b3\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u7528\u610f\u3057\u3001\u30b3\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u8336\u3053\u3057\u3092\u8f09\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\n9. \u6298\u3063\u305f\u30ad\u30c3\u30c1\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u3092\u3001\u8336\u3053\u3057\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u306e\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n \u3000\r\n\r\n10. \u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u4ed8\u304d\u30dd\u30ea\u888b\u306e\u4e2d\u8eab\u3092\u3001\u30ad\u30c3\u30c1\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u5165\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\nQ. \u3053\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u3001\u4f55\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\uff1f \r\nA. \u56fa\u4f53\u3092\u9664\u304d\u3001DNA\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6db2\u4f53\u3060\u3051\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u300c\u308d\u904e\u300d\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u30da\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3067\u9664\u304b\u308c\u308b\u56fa\u4f53\u306b\u306f\u3001\u58ca\u308c\u305f\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u3084\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u3084\u6838\u819c\u306a\u3069\u306e\u96d1\u591a\u306a\u3082\u306e\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002DNA\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u304e\u308a\u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n11.\u6db2\u304c\u8336\u3053\u3057\u304b\u3089\u4e0b\u306e\u30b3\u30c3\u30d7\u3078\u3068\u3001\u5c11\u3057\u305a\u3064\u843d\u3061\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6db2\u304c\u843d\u3061\u3066\u3053\u306a\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3089\u3001\u4e0a\u306e\u8336\u3053\u3057\u3068\u30ad\u30c3\u30c1\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u5916\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u4e0b\u306e\u5199\u771f\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u8d64\u3044\u6db2\u304c\u30b3\u30c3\u30d7\u306b\u6e9c\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\u3053\u306e\u6db2\u4f53\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3001DNA\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u307e\u3060\u898b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\r\n\r\n12. \u51b7\u8535\u5eab\u3067\u51b7\u3084\u3057\u305f\u30a8\u30bf\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u309210 \u2026"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-networks/assets/js/mashnet.min.js?ver=2.5.3" id="mashnet-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js?ver=1.13.4" id="underscore-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/backbone.min.js?ver=1.5.0" id="backbone-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-api-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var WP_API_Settings = {"root":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/learning-at-the-bench","nonce":"ba522f8159"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/plugins/wp-search-live/public/assets/js/util--wp-api.js?ver=0.9" id="wp-api-js-js"></script> 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>お問い合わせ</span></a></li> </ul></nav></div></section> </div><div class="breadcrumb"><span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/?">Accelerating Science</a></span><span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a class="breadcrumb-link" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/"><span class="breadcrumb-link-text-wrap">Learning at the Bench</span></a><meta ></span> <span aria-label="breadcrumb separator">/</span> <span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a class="breadcrumb-link" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/mol-bio/"><span class="breadcrumb-link-text-wrap">分子生物学実験関連</span></a><meta ></span> <span aria-label="breadcrumb separator">/</span> <span class="breadcrumb-current-title">自由研究「DNAの抽出」～プロが教える「なぜ」と「なに」</span></div></div></header><div class="site-inner"><div class="content-sidebar-wrap"><main class="content"><article class="post-18351 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-mol-bio tag-nucleic-acid-purification entry" aria-label="自由研究「DNAの抽出」～プロが教える「なぜ」と「なに」"><header class="entry-header"><h1 class="entry-title">自由研究「DNAの抽出」～プロが教える「なぜ」と「なに」</h1> <span class="post-info-author"> 作成者 <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/author/lgbadmin/" title="LatB Staff の投稿" rel="author">LatB Staff</a> </span> <span class="post-info-date"> 10.31.2024 </span> </header><div class="entry-content"><p>※自由研究テーマを探しているお父さんお母さんへ<br /> サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィックは、おうち時間での科学学習を応援しています！<br /> 「DNA抽出」は、自由研究の定番実験のひとつです。<br /> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/9a7dcd1b9610b93806402780b0639c6f.jpg" alt="" width="1000" height="235" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-18437" srcset="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/9a7dcd1b9610b93806402780b0639c6f.jpg 1000w, https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/9a7dcd1b9610b93806402780b0639c6f-300x71.jpg 300w, https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/9a7dcd1b9610b93806402780b0639c6f-768x180.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" />しかし、定番だと誰かと被ってしまうのではと心配する必要はありません。実験をしながら「なぜこうなるんだろう」「これって何だろう」と想像を膨らませたり、調べたり、追加の実験をしたりすることで、同じテーマを選んでも、「ほかの人とはまったく違う自由研究」を完成させることができるからです。<br /> では、「DNA抽出」の方法と、「なぜ」と「なに」を考えていきましょう！</p> <h2>イチゴからDNAを抽出してみよう！</h2> <p>イチゴの入手が難しい場合は、ブロッコリーでも代用ができます。ほかにもDNAを抽出しやすい材料があるかも知れません。ぜひお子さんと一緒に探してみましょう。</p> <p>用意するもの</p> <ul> <li>イチゴ（ヘタを取ったもの）</li> <li>中性洗剤<sup>※1</sup><br /> ※1：多くの中性洗剤は、液性のところに「中性」と書いてあります。</li> <li>食塩</li> <li>冷蔵庫で冷やしたエタノール　純度の高い「無水エタノール」<sup>※2</sup>を準備しましょう。<br /> ※2：薬局で購入できますが、「消毒用エタノール」しか販売していないお店もありますのでご注意ください。</li> <li>スポイト（1 mLが量れるもの）　※100均や習字用具品としてよく販売されています。</li> <li>計量スプーン（大さじ、小さじ）</li> <li>計量カップ</li> <li>チャック付ポリ袋</li> <li>ペーパータオル</li> <li>透明なコップ</li> <li>茶こし</li> <li>割りばし</li> </ul> <div style="padding: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;border: 3px solid red;border-radius: 10px"> <b>実験上の注意（保護者の方へ）</b><br /> ・対象年齢は5歳以上です。小学生以下のお子さんが実験を試す場合は、必ずご一緒にお願いします。<br /> ・実験を行う際は、必ず手順を確かめてから実施してください。<br /> ・材料（溶液、はさみ、器具など）の取り扱いに十分に注意し、ケガのないように、個人の責任で行ってください。<br /> ・実験で作ったものや使ったものは飲んだり食べたりしないでください。<br /> ・エタノールは火気厳禁です。火の近くで実験をしないようにしましょう。<br /> ・材料や環境によっては記事通りの結果にならないこともあります。 </div> <h3>実験方法</h3> <p>1. DNA抽出液を作ります。<br /> 水50 mLを計量カップで量り、これに食器用洗剤1 mLと食塩10 g（小さじ2杯）を入れて、ゆっくりと混ぜてください。</p> <div style="padding: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;border: 1px dashed #136FFF;border-radius: 5px"> Q. 抽出液になぜ洗剤と塩を入れるの？<br /> A. まず、洗剤には「界面活性剤（かいめんかっせいざい）」という物質が含まれています。<br /> DNAは細胞の奥深くにしまわれているので、それを取り出すためには、細胞や核の膜を壊さなければなりません。それを壊すために「界面活性剤」が効果的だからです。<br /> また、塩を入れる理由は、DNAが塩を含む液体に溶けやすい性質を持っているからです。<br /> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/cee11ccf7bcea45e0c40f52c1abaf93b-300x213.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="213" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-18405" srcset="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/cee11ccf7bcea45e0c40f52c1abaf93b-300x213.jpg 300w, https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/cee11ccf7bcea45e0c40f52c1abaf93b-1024x727.jpg 1024w, https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/cee11ccf7bcea45e0c40f52c1abaf93b-768x546.jpg 768w, https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/cee11ccf7bcea45e0c40f52c1abaf93b-1536x1091.jpg 1536w, https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/cee11ccf7bcea45e0c40f52c1abaf93b-2048x1455.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </div> <p>2. チャック付ポリ袋の中に、ヘタを取ったイチゴを入れ、チャックを閉めます。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/73ef4d0715fbdcc4540b764bc712c664.jpg" alt="" width="182" height="239" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" />&emsp;⇒&emsp;<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/e723f249d01a822602ba388581c15a44.jpg" alt="" width="447" height="148" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /><br /> ※ポリ袋のチャックは、中身がこぼれないようにしっかり閉めましょう。</p> <p>3. ポリ袋の上からイチゴを押しつぶします。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/1f34df0316029438eb46d609f3ba47ac.jpg" alt="" width="436" height="199" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /><br /> 指の腹で、上からしっかりつぶしましょう。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/2972ae211d4843b2965bbd44c317fc34.jpg" alt="" width="339" height="220" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /></p> <div style="padding: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;border: 1px dashed #136FFF;border-radius: 5px"> Q. なぜイチゴをつぶさないといけないの？<br /> A. 細胞壁を壊すためです。DNAを取り出すには、細胞壁、細胞膜、核膜を突破しなければなりません。ここで細胞壁を壊し、中のDNAを取り出しやすくする準備をしています。 </div> <p>4. 抽出液10 mL（小さじ2杯）を、チャック付きポリ袋に入れます。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/b03967706c4438bd1b5f13da06590abb.jpg" alt="" width="559" height="262" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /></p> <p>5. チャック付きポリ袋のチャックをし、ポリ袋の上からやさしく押して混ぜます。激しく押しつぶさないように注意しましょう。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/698292e1792417899fbc5d3a38b74cf8.jpg" alt="" width="595" height="219" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /></p> <div style="padding: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;border: 1px dashed #136FFF;border-radius: 5px"> Q. なぜ激しく押しつぶしたらいけないの？<br /> A. DNAはもろいため、激しく押しつぶしたり強くかき混ぜてしまうと、短く切れてしまい、割りばしで取れなくなってしまうからです。 </div> <p>6. イチゴが液状になったことを確認しましょう。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/58f3162543dd3e7247b495e99f79356b.jpg" alt="" width="587" height="180" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /></p> <div style="padding: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;border: 1px dashed #136FFF;border-radius: 5px"> Q. このとき、ポリ袋の中で何が起こってるの？<br /> A. 細胞壁、細胞膜、核膜が、物理的な破砕と抽出液により壊された状態になっています。つまり、赤い液体の中に、DNAが抽出された状態です。</p> <p>Q. どうして細胞壁や細胞膜や核膜が壊れたの？<br /> A. 主に、細胞壁は「つぶしたこと」、細胞膜や核膜は「抽出液に触れたこと」で壊れました。つぶすことで物が壊れるのはわかりますよね。細胞壁が壊れたのも、同じイメージです。細胞膜や核膜が抽出液で壊れたのは、抽出液に加えた洗剤には、「界面活性剤」という、細胞膜や核の膜を壊す物質が含まれているからです。</p> <p>Q. DNAはまだ見えないの？<br /> A. はい、まだ見えません。これは、抽出液に含まれる「塩」によりDNAが溶けているからです。<br /> 紅茶に砂糖を入れると、溶けて見えなくなるのと同じです。<br /> どうしてDNAを溶かすのかというと、このあと、イチゴの固体部分をろ過して除くからです。そのため、DNAを溶けた状態にしておかないと、一緒に除かれてしまいます。</p></div> <p>7. キッチンペーパーを用意し、折り紙のように三角に2回折ってください。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/8453b5f0733b904c927a448bc4c4a545.jpg" alt="" width="522" height="280" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /></p> <p>8. 茶こしと透明なコップを用意し、コップの上に茶こしを載せます。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/2aad1c7039b0c4497bf44fd76134c825-300x300.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="300" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /></p> <p>9. 折ったキッチンペーパーを、茶こしの上にのせます。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/d7c9c305a7bc0191e57a60c75bd1c0e3.jpg" alt="" width="328" height="333" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /> 　</p> <p>10. チャック付きポリ袋の中身を、キッチンペーパーの上に入れます。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/213f5f0a44459eedf84a6001b55015c1.jpg" alt="" width="594" height="198" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /></p> <div style="padding: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;border: 1px dashed #136FFF;border-radius: 5px"> Q. この作業、何のためにしているの？<br /> A. 固体を除き、DNAを含む液体だけにするために「ろ過」を行っているのが、この作業です。<br /> このとき、ペーパーフィルターで除かれる固体には、壊れた細胞壁や細胞膜や核膜などの雑多なものが含まれています。DNAを抽出するには、できるかぎり余計なものを含まない状態を作り出す必要があります。 </div> <p>11.液が茶こしから下のコップへと、少しずつ落ちていきます。液が落ちてこなくなったら、上の茶こしとキッチンペーパーを取り外しましょう。下の写真のように、赤い液がコップに溜まっているはずです。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/385a6f10fa7ec42f402fb3fe20930e6c.jpg" alt="" width="246" height="285" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /><br /> この液体の中に、DNAが含まれています。しかし、まだ見ることはできません。</p> <p>12. 冷蔵庫で冷やしたエタノールを10 mL（小さじ2杯）加えます。<br /> 液がはねないように、コップを斜めにして、エタノールが壁を伝うように静かに入れてください。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/fa2aa2ecdc84943faec5ba0bf7fd1e2c.jpg" alt="" width="405" height="287" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /> </p> <p>そうすると、上の透明な層と下の赤い層、2つの層ができあがります。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/5c8c0e32df70045ad341f90367af5c59.jpg" alt="" width="285" height="361" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /></p> <div style="padding: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;border: 1px dashed #136FFF;border-radius: 5px"> Q. どうして2層に分かれるの？<br /> A. まず、上の透明な層はエタノールで、下の赤い層の主な成分は水です。2層に分かれるのは、エタノールより重い水が下に溜まるからです。ガムシロップをアイスティーに入れると、ガムシロップの方が重いから底に溜まるのと同じ原理ですね。エタノールを静かに入れることで、水の層と混じらず、DNAが抽出されやすい状況を作ります。 </div> <p>この2つの層の境目をよく見てみてください。<br /> 綿あめのような白いふわふわしたものができているでしょうか。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/4f5c7b49552c20fca37cc41c78cadac5.jpg" alt="" width="551" height="259" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /><br /> この白くふわふわしたものが、DNAです。</p> <div style="padding: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;border: 1px dashed #136FFF;border-radius: 5px"> Q. どうして冷やしたエタノールを入れたらDNAが現れたの？<br /> A. DNAは、エタノール中で溶解度が下がるからです。エタノールを入れる前、DNAは液体の中で溶けていて、目には見えない状態でした。<br /> しかし、エタノールを加えることで、DNAは溶けたままでいられなくなり、固体になって現れたのです。このように、溶けていた物質が固体となって現れることを析出（せきしゅつ）と言います。<br /> 冷やしたエタノールを使ったのは、室温よりも冷たい方がDNAを析出させる効果が高いためです。これは、砂糖はお湯に溶けやすいけれど、水にはなかなか溶けないのと同じで、冷たい方が「色々なものを溶かす力」が低いためです。 </div> <p>13. 2層の境目のあたりに浮いた白い糸状のDNAを、割りばしでゆっくり混ぜるようにすくい取ります。DNAはもろいので、激しく混ぜないように注意しましょう。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/976b35ca14d9881d0abbf9c0c2b074f6.jpg" alt="" width="239" height="426" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /></p> <p>14. この白いものがDNAです。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/fc978ef819e54e1d8e3950128cf92f9f.jpg" alt="" width="341" height="270" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" /><br /> DNAを抽出することができました！</p> <div style="padding: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;border: 1px dashed #136FFF;border-radius: 5px"> Q. 取り出した白いものは本当にDNAなの？<br /> A. ここでご紹介したのはDNA抽出に一般的に使われている手順なので、この白いものはDNAの「はず」とは言えます。しかし、この白いものが本当にDNAなのかを今の状態で確かめることはできません。そのため、本当にDNAかを確認するには、追加実験が必要です。<br /> たとえば、「DNAだけを染める試薬」「DNAを染めない試薬」の両方を使うことで確認ができます。DNAだけを染める試薬には、酢酸オルセイン、酢酸カーミンなどがあり、いずれもDNAは赤く染まります。一方、食用色素（赤）はDNAを赤く染めることはできません。そのため、酢酸オルセインや酢酸カーミンで赤く染まり、食用色素（赤）で染まらなければ、「取り出した白いものはDNAである」と言えるでしょう。</p> <p>Q. 抽出したDNAを顕微鏡で見たら、いわゆる「らせん構造」は見える？<br /> A. いいえ。ご家庭で入手可能な光学顕微鏡でDNAのらせん構造を見ることはできません。<br /> DNAのらせん構造の直径は2 nm（2ナノメートル、ナノメートルは1 mmの1/1000000の大きさ）で、とても小さいためです。これを見るためには、電子顕微鏡という、数十万から数百万もの倍率で拡大できる顕微鏡が必要です。<br /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/9fe66541515d31eedc7a1fbe210c7631.jpg" alt="" width="205" height="302" class="aligncenter" /></p> <p>Q. 取り出したDNAは何に使うの？<br /> A. 病気の原因を探し出して治療薬を開発したり、犯罪捜査の鑑定や食品の安全確認のために分析したりと、ここでは書ききれないほどさまざまな用途に使われています。これらの実験をご家庭で行うことはできませんが、実はこのDNA抽出法の原理、専門の研究者が日々行っている方法の一つでもあるんです。 </p></div> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/11e957e51ccbdd1e8e0b2d9690e304e5-1-150x150.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" />　<b>もしうまく抽出できなかったら？</b></p> <p>以下の項目を再確認してみましょう。</p> <ul> <li>抽出液を混ぜた後、イチゴを激しく押しつぶしたり、混ぜたりしていないか。</li> <li>エタノールを入れるとき、壁を伝わせて、ゆっくり入れているか。</li> <li>イチゴが古くなっていたり、小さすぎたりしていないか。</li> <li>実験手順に間違いないか。</li> <li>部屋が暑すぎないか（涼しい部屋の方が成功しやすいです）。</li> </ul> <p>失敗があるからこそ自由研究です！試行錯誤のチャンスですので、どう工夫すればよいのかお子さんと一緒に考えてみましょう。</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/learning-at-the-bench/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2024/10/1722c37039e5c50950c01354c644ff01-150x150.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" style="margin-left: 0;margin-right: auto" />　<b>実験を発展させるためのヒント</b></p> <ul> <li>中性洗剤のメーカーを変えてみたら、結果も変わるでしょうか？</li> <li>塩の量を変更したらどうなるでしょう。</li> <li>抽出液を入れた後やエタノールを入れた後、激しくかき混ぜてもDNAは抽出されるでしょうか？</li> <li>いろんなフルーツや野菜で試してみて、なぜその結果になったのか、考察してみましょう。</li> </ul> <p><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/jp/ja/home/about-us/csr/stay-home-stem.html?CID=bid_mol_r04_jp_cp0000_pjt0000_bid00000_0so_blg_nucleic_acid_purification_1_bid_ts_mbr_24072_Social_LAB" rel="noopener" target="_blank">こちら</a>から、DNA抽出実験の動画もご覧いただけます<sup>※</sup>。<br /> ※動画では、プロが使うピペットやジョウゴが使用されています。</p> <p>DNAはうまく抽出できましたか？<br /> 定番の実験であってもなくても、いろんな場面で「なぜだろう」「これは何だろう」と疑問を持ち続けることが、科学への興味を湧きたたせます。自由研究は、お子さんが科学への興味を持つためのきっかけのひとつです。そしてその小さなきっかけが、いずれ世界の科学の進歩へとつながっていくかも知れません。</p> <div style="padding: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;border: 3px solid red;border-radius: 10px"> <b>実験上の注意（保護者の方へ）</b><br /> ・対象年齢は5歳以上です。小学生以下のお子さんが実験を試す場合は、必ずご一緒にお願いします。<br /> ・実験を行う際は、必ず手順を確かめてから実施してください。<br /> ・材料（溶液、はさみ、器具など）の取り扱いに十分に注意し、ケガのないように、個人の責任で行ってください。<br /> ・実験で作ったものや使ったものは飲んだり食べたりしないでください。<br /> 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