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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Greek American computer scientist</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Alex Stamos</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Brad_Smith,_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Brad_Smith%2C_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Brad_Smith%2C_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Brad_Smith%2C_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Brad_Smith%2C_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Brad_Smith%2C_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="571" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Stamos in 2018</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1979 (age 45–46)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County,_California" title="Los Angeles County, California">Los Angeles County, California</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/Chief_security_officer" title="Chief security officer">Chief security officer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_scientist" title="Computer scientist">computer scientist</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Katie Stamos</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Alex Stamos</b> (born 1979) is an American,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cybersecurity expert, the former <a href="/wiki/Chief_security_officer" title="Chief security officer">chief security officer</a> (CSO) at <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>. His planned departure from the company, following disagreement with other executives about how to address the Russian government's use of its platform to spread disinformation during the 2016 U.S. presidential election, was reported in March 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt20180319_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt20180319-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in 1979, Stamos grew up in <a href="/wiki/Fair_Oaks,_California" title="Fair Oaks, California">Fair Oaks, California</a> and graduated from <a href="/wiki/Bella_Vista_High_School" title="Bella Vista High School">Bella Vista High School</a> in 1997. Stamos attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>, where he graduated in 2001 with a degree in <a href="/wiki/Computer_Science_and_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer Science and Engineering">EECS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stamos began his career at <a href="/wiki/Opsware" title="Opsware">Loudcloud</a> and, later, as a security consultant at <a href="/wiki/@stake" title="@stake">@stake</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="iSEC_Partners">iSEC Partners</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: iSEC Partners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2004, Stamos co-founded iSEC Partners, a security consulting firm, with Joel Wallenstrom, Himanshu Dwivedi, Jesse Burns and Scott Stender. During his time at iSEC Partners, Stamos was well known for his research publications on vulnerabilities in <a href="/wiki/List_of_digital_forensics_tools" title="List of digital forensics tools">forensics software</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">MacOS</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Operation_Aurora" title="Operation Aurora">Operation Aurora</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Computer_ethics" title="Computer ethics">security ethics</a> in the post-Snowden era.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stamos was an expert witness for a number of cases involving digital privacy, encryption, and free speech: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">EFF</a> for their lawsuit against <a href="/wiki/Sony_BMG_copy_protection_rootkit_scandal" title="Sony BMG copy protection rootkit scandal">Sony BMG</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> for their <a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View" title="Google Street View">Google Street View</a> case<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hotz" title="George Hotz">George Hotz</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Swartz" title="Aaron Swartz">Aaron Swartz</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>iSEC Partners was acquired by <a href="/wiki/NCC_Group" title="NCC Group">NCC Group</a> in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Artemis_Internet">Artemis Internet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Artemis Internet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the acquisition of iSEC Partners by NCC Group, Stamos became the <a href="/wiki/Chief_technology_officer" title="Chief technology officer">CTO</a> of Artemis Internet, an internal startup at NCC Group. Artemis Internet petitioned <a href="/wiki/ICANN" title="ICANN">ICANN</a> to host a '.secure' <a href="/wiki/Generic_top-level_domain" title="Generic top-level domain">gTLD</a> on which all services would be required to meet minimum security standards<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Artemis ultimately acquired the right to operate the '.trust' gTLD from <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Post" title="Deutsche Post">Deutsche Post</a> to launch its services.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stamos filed and received five patents for his work at Artemis Internet.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yahoo!"><span id="Yahoo.21"></span><span class="anchor" id="Yahoo"></span> Yahoo!</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Yahoo!"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2014, Stamos joined Yahoo! as CSO.<sup id="cite_ref-recodeprofile_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-recodeprofile-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While at Yahoo!, he testified to Congress on online advertising and its impact on computer security and data privacy.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He publicly challenged <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">NSA</a> Director <a href="/wiki/Michael_S._Rogers" title="Michael S. Rogers">Michael S. Rogers</a> on the subject of encryption backdoors in February 2015 at a cybersecurity conference hosted by <a href="/wiki/New_America_(organization)" title="New America (organization)">New America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Facebook">Facebook</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Facebook"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2015, Stamos joined Facebook as CSO. During his time at Facebook, Stamos co-authored a whitepaper (with Jen Weedon and Will Nuland) on the use of social media to attack elections.<sup id="cite_ref-fb-whitepaper_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fb-whitepaper-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later delivered a keynote address at the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hat_Briefings" title="Black Hat Briefings">Black Hat Briefings</a> in 2017 on the need to broaden the definition of security and diversify the cybersecurity industry.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In reviewing the ads buys, we have found approximately $100,000 in ad spending from June of 2015 to May of 2017 — associated with roughly 3,000 ads — that was connected to about 470 inauthentic accounts and Pages in violation of our policies. Our analysis suggests these accounts and Pages were affiliated with one another and likely operated out of Russia.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Alex Stamos, September 6, 2017, <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brad_Smith,_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Brad_Smith%2C_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018.jpg/220px-Brad_Smith%2C_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Brad_Smith%2C_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018.jpg/330px-Brad_Smith%2C_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Brad_Smith%2C_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018.jpg/440px-Brad_Smith%2C_Alex_Stamos_und_Marietje_Schaake_MSC_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5485" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>Stamos at <a href="/wiki/Munich_Security_Conference" title="Munich Security Conference">Munich Security Conference</a> in February 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>Following disagreement with other executives about how to address the Russian government's use of its platform to spread disinformation during the 2016 U.S. presidential election, he made plans in 2018 to leave the company<sup id="cite_ref-nyt20180319_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt20180319-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to take a research professorship at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stamos was interviewed about the <a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2016_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections">Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections</a> in the PBS Frontline documentary <i>The Facebook Dilemma</i>. <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Controversies">Controversies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During Stamos's tenure as the Chief Security Officer, Facebook was involved in numerous safety and security controversies including the <a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2016_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections">Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections</a>, failure to remove reported child-abuse images,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> inaction against disinformation campaigns in Philippines that targeted and harassed journalists, <sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Facebook%E2%80%93Cambridge_Analytica_data_scandal" title="Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal">Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Rohingya_genocide" title="Rohingya genocide">Rohingya genocide</a>, for which the company has played a "determining role" according to the UN.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stamos said, as the CSO during the 2016 election season he "deserve as much blame (or more) as any other exec at the company," for Facebook's failed response to the Russian interference.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the whitepaper Stamos coauthored<sup id="cite_ref-fb-whitepaper_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fb-whitepaper-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> only mentioned $100,000 ad spend for 3,000 ads connected to about 470 inauthentic accounts, it was later revealed that the Russian influence had reached 126 million Facebook users.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Cambridge Analytica harvested data from 87 million Facebook users before Stamos's tenure, Facebook did not notify its users until 2018, despite knowing about it as early as 2015, the year Stamos joined the company as the CSO.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2019, Facebook agreed to pay $100 million to settle with the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission</a> for misleading investors for more than two years (2015-2018) about the misuse of its users' data.<sup id="cite_ref-sec_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sec-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stanford_University">Stanford University</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Stanford University"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of August 2019<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Stanford University's <a href="/wiki/Center_for_International_Security_and_Cooperation" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for International Security and Cooperation">Center for International Security and Cooperation</a> lists Stamos as an <a href="/wiki/Adjunct_professor" title="Adjunct professor">adjunct professor</a>, visiting scholar at the <a href="/wiki/Hoover_Institution" title="Hoover Institution">Hoover Institution</a>, and director of the <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Internet_Observatory" title="Stanford Internet Observatory">Stanford Internet Observatory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cisacbio_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cisacbio-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Krebs_Stamos_Group">Krebs Stamos Group</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Krebs Stamos Group"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the beginning of 2021, Stamos joined former <a href="/wiki/Cybersecurity_and_Infrastructure_Security_Agency" title="Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency">CISA</a> <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Cybersecurity_and_Infrastructure_Security_Agency" title="Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency">director</a> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Krebs" title="Chris Krebs">Chris Krebs</a> to form Krebs Stamos Group, a cybersecurity consultancy, which quickly landed its first customer, the recently-beleaguered <a href="/wiki/SolarWinds" title="SolarWinds">SolarWinds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210906085348/https://www.thenationalherald.com/archive_general_news_community/arthro/greek_american_alex_stamos_to_appear_on_niall_ferguson_s_networld_on_pbs_vid-255635/">"Greek-American Alex Stamos to Appear on Niall Ferguson's Networld on PBS"</a>. The National Herald. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenationalherald.com/archive_general_news_community/arthro/greek_american_alex_stamos_to_appear_on_niall_ferguson_s_networld_on_pbs_vid-255635/">the original</a> on 6 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FSI+-+Cyber+-+Internet+Observatory+-+About+IO&rft.pub=Freeman+Spogli+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcyber.fsi.stanford.edu%2Fio%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlex+Stamos" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSebenius2021" class="citation news cs1">Sebenius, Alyza (2021-01-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-08/solarwinds-taps-krebs-stamos-to-help-investigate-hack">"SolarWinds Taps Krebs, Stamos to Help Investigate Hack"</a>. Bloomberg<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2021</span>. <q>SolarWinds Corp. has tapped prominent security experts Chris Krebs and Alex Stamos to review its practices after suspected Russian hackers compromised the company's software and conducted a sprawling hack across the U.S. government and private sector. The contract with SolarWinds is the first for a newly formed venture Krebs and Stamos have created together. The Krebs Stamos Group will advise clients on cybersecurity, with a focus on areas including foreign threats and crisis situations. The group will work toward 'national and economic security,' Krebs said in a statement Friday.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=SolarWinds+Taps+Krebs%2C+Stamos+to+Help+Investigate+Hack&rft.date=2021-01-08&rft.aulast=Sebenius&rft.aufirst=Alyza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2021-01-08%2Fsolarwinds-taps-krebs-stamos-to-help-investigate-hack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlex+Stamos" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHamilton2021" class="citation news cs1">Hamilton, Isobel Asher (2021-01-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/solarwinds-hires-chris-krebs-and-alex-stamos-2021-1">"SolarWinds has hired ex-CISA chief Chris Krebs and Facebook's former security lead Alex Stamos months after its huge hack"</a>. Business Insider<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2021</span>. <q>SolarWinds has hired two of the biggest names in cybersecurity, following the gigantic breach, which meant it acted as the gateway for hackers to penetrate US government systems. SolarWinds announced on Thursday it was retaining a new security consulting business founded by Chris Krebs, a former Homeland Security cybersecurity official, and ex-Facebook security chief and Stanford University professor Alex Stamos.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=SolarWinds+has+hired+ex-CISA+chief+Chris+Krebs+and+Facebook%27s+former+security+lead+Alex+Stamos+months+after+its+huge+hack&rft.date=2021-01-08&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Isobel+Asher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fsolarwinds-hires-chris-krebs-and-alex-stamos-2021-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlex+Stamos" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWhittaker2021" class="citation news cs1">Whittaker, Zach (2021-01-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2021/01/08/chris-krebs-and-alex-stamos-have-started-a-cyber-consulting-firm/">"Chris Krebs and Alex Stamos have started a cyber consulting firm"</a>. TechCrunch<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2021</span>. <q>Former U.S. cybersecurity official Chris Krebs and former Facebook chief security officer Alex Stamos have founded a new cybersecurity consultancy firm, which already has its first client: SolarWinds. The two have been hired as consultants to help the Texas-based software maker recover from a devastating breach by suspected Russian hackers. Krebs was one of the most senior cybersecurity officials in the U.S. government, most recently serving as the director of Homeland Security's CISA cybersecurity advisory agency from 2018, until he was fired by President Trump for his efforts to debunk false election claims — many of which came from the president himself. Stamos, meanwhile, joined the Stanford Internet Observatory after holding senior cybersecurity positions at Facebook and Yahoo. He also consulted for Zoom amid a spate of security problems.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Chris+Krebs+and+Alex+Stamos+have+started+a+cyber+consulting+firm&rft.date=2021-01-08&rft.aulast=Whittaker&rft.aufirst=Zach&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2021%2F01%2F08%2Fchris-krebs-and-alex-stamos-have-started-a-cyber-consulting-firm%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlex+Stamos" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Patents">Patents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Patents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US9083727B1">U.S. patent 9083727B1</a></span> <i>Securing client connections</i>, filed April 11, 2012, granted July 14, 2015</li> <li><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US8799482B1">U.S. patent 8799482B1</a></span> <i>Domain policy specification and enforcement</i>, filed April 11, 2012, granted August 5, 2014</li> <li><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US9106661B1">U.S. patent 9106661B1</a></span> <i>Computing resource policy regime specification and verification</i>, filed May 9, 2014, granted August 11, 2014</li> <li><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US8990392B1">U.S. patent 8990392B1</a></span> <i>Assessing a computing resource for compliance with a computing resource policy regime specification</i>, filed May 9, 2014, granted March 24, 2015</li> <li><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US9264395B1">U.S. patent 9264395B1</a></span> <i>Discovery engine</i>, filed May 9, 2014, granted February 16, 2016</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="External_links">External links</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Stamos&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cybervillains.com/@alex">Alex Stamos on Mastodon</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ks.group">Krebs Stamos Group official web site</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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