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heritage</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: colonial heritage"> <meta name="keywords" content="colonial heritage"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="colonial heritage"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1108</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: colonial heritage</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1108</span> Cultural Heritage Impact Assessments and the Negotiation of Identity in South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosabelle%20Boswell">Rosabelle Boswell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> South Africa, a country with experience of both colonial rule and apartheid is now more than 25 years past its first democratic elections. However, and as noted in this article, South Africa is still experiencing the legacies of racial segregation and is concerned to address inequality by attracting investment for socioeconomic development. The paper offered considers five cultural heritage impact assessments conducted in South Africa for offshore oil and gas exploration and development. The results of the research, from more than 20 towns and cities in southern Africa, indicate a rich intangible cultural heritage in South Africa and Namibia, and the potential impacts on investor engagements for more inclusive and sustainable coastal development practices. The discussion advances critical heritage studies, taking into account socioeconomic realities and aboriginal concepts of nature and nature management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage%20impact%20assessments" title="cultural heritage impact assessments">cultural heritage impact assessments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intangible%20cultural%20heritage" title=" intangible cultural heritage"> intangible cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title=" South Africa"> South Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ocean%20philosophies" title=" ocean philosophies"> ocean philosophies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167607/cultural-heritage-impact-assessments-and-the-negotiation-of-identity-in-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1107</span> Colonialism and Modernism in Architecture, the Case of a Blank Page Opportunity in Casablanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nezha%20Alaoui">Nezha Alaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The early 1950s French colonial context in Morocco provided an opportunity for architects to question the modernist established order by building dwellings for the local population. The dwellings were originally designed to encourage Muslims to adopt an urban lifestyle based on local customs. However, the inhabitants transformed their dwelling into a hybrid habitation. This paper aims to prove the relevance of the design process in accordance with the local colonial context by analyzing the dwellers' appropriation process and the modification of their habitat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colonial%20heritage" title="colonial heritage">colonial heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=appropriation%20process" title=" appropriation process"> appropriation process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=islamic%20spatial%20habit" title=" islamic spatial habit"> islamic spatial habit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20experiment" title=" housing experiment"> housing experiment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modernist%20mass%20housing" title=" modernist mass housing"> modernist mass housing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147618/colonialism-and-modernism-in-architecture-the-case-of-a-blank-page-opportunity-in-casablanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1106</span> Colonial Body: Historicizing the Becoming of the Kashmiri Body</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ain%20ul%20Khair">Ain ul Khair</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the author situates the formation of the Kashmiri body as colonized in the postcolonial society, on which India continues to execute and maintain colonial practices adopted and replicated from the Western colonial projects. This paper explores the formation of a Kashmiri body as a site of complete dehumanization, which has deliberately been politicized based on its religion, racialized because of its ethnic distinction, and consequently has been subjected to extreme forms of violence. This paper specifically looks at the creation of the Kashmiri colonized body through India’s colonial practices that are in continuity from the Western imperialist colonial projects through the historicization of the careful manufacturing of the Kashmiri colonial body through the lens of the political, legal, geographical, and demographic landscape of India’s colonial project. The paper looks at the framing of the colonial legal framework that informs the construction of the colonized Kashmiri body, drawing violence and religion at the center of it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historicization" title="historicization">historicization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colonial%20body" title=" colonial body"> colonial body</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kashmir" title=" kashmir"> kashmir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=india" title=" india"> india</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pakistan" title=" pakistan"> pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=south%20asia" title=" south asia"> south asia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion" title=" religion"> religion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20identity" title=" political identity"> political identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politics" title=" politics"> politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmood%20Mamdani" title=" Mahmood Mamdani"> Mahmood Mamdani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ann%20Stoler" title=" Ann Stoler"> Ann Stoler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fanon" title=" Fanon"> Fanon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182610/colonial-body-historicizing-the-becoming-of-the-kashmiri-body" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182610.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1105</span> Colonial Racism and the Benin Bronze Artefacts, 1862-1960</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Idahosa%20Osagie%20Ojo">Idahosa Osagie Ojo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research is on colonial racism and the Benin bronze artefacts between 1862 and 1960. It analyses the British racial sentiments against the Benin people that heralded colonial rule and how they influenced the perceptions of the artworks during the period. The aim is to contribute to the knowledge of colonial rule in Benin by bringing to the fore its impacts on the perception and interpretation of the Benin bronze artefacts during the period. Primary and secondary sources were utilised and the historical method was adopted. The findings reveal that the first British racial propaganda against the Benin people started in 1862 and that it was consciously orchestrated to manoeuvre public opinion for the ill-conceived colonial project. The research also reveals that the Benin people were not alone in this, as other peoples of Africa that were targeted for British colonial domination suffered the same fate. Findings also show that racial propaganda was actually used to rationalised colonial rule in Benin and that it later influenced the interpretations and perception of the Benin bronze artefacts throughout the colonial period and beyond. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bronzes" title=" Bronzes"> Bronzes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colonial" title=" colonial"> colonial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=racism" title=" racism"> racism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150108/colonial-racism-and-the-benin-bronze-artefacts-1862-1960" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1104</span> From Stalemate to Progress: Navigating the Restitution Maze in Belgium and DRCongo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gracia%20Lwanzo%20Kasongo">Gracia Lwanzo Kasongo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the realm of cultural heritage, few issues loom larger than the ongoing battle for restitution faced by European and African museums. In Belgium, this contentious process was set in motion by two pivotal events. Firstly, the resounding revelations of the French report on restitution, which boldly declared that 'over 90% of African cultural heritage resides outside of Africa Secondly, the seismic impact of the Black Lives Matter movement following the tragic death of George Floyd. These two events unleashed a wave of outrage among Afro-descendants, who viewed the possession of colonial collections as an enduring symbol of colonial dominance and a stark validation of the systemic racism deeply ingrained within Belgian society. The instrumentalization of cultural property as a means of wielding political power is by no means a novel concept. Its roots can be traced back to the constructed justifications that emerged in the 1950s, during which the Royal Museum for Central Africa in Tervuren played a pivotal role as the self-proclaimed 'guardian of Congolese cultural heritage'. This legacy of legitimizing colonial presence permeates the fabric of Belgium's museum reform policies and the structural management of museums in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Employing a dialectical approach, I embark on an exploration of the intricate historical interplay between the Royal Museum for Central Africa and the Institute of National Museums of Congo. From this vantage point, I delve into the arduous struggles faced by museums in both the DRC and Belgium as they grapple with the complex and contentious issue of cultural heritage restitution. Central to these struggles is the profound quest for meaning and (re)definition of museums, particularly for Congolese and Afro-descendant communities whose identities and narratives have long been marginalized and suppressed. As the narrative unfolds, I shed light on the prospects for cooperation that have emerged from my extensive fieldwork. Within the interplay of historical entanglements, struggles for restitution, and the search for a more inclusive and equitable museum landscape, glimmers of hope emerge. Collaborative efforts and potential avenues for mutual understanding between Belgium and the DRC begin to take shape, offering a beacon of possibility amidst the often tumultuous discourse surrounding cultural heritage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=restitution" title="restitution">restitution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=museum%20stuggles" title=" museum stuggles"> museum stuggles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=belgium" title=" belgium"> belgium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DRCongo" title=" DRCongo"> DRCongo</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169001/from-stalemate-to-progress-navigating-the-restitution-maze-in-belgium-and-drcongo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1103</span> Recovering Cultural Heritage: Historical Insights into Ethiopia’s Unique Approach and Present Challenges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengistie%20Zewdu">Mengistie Zewdu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ethiopia is an un-colonized African state with rich cultural and natural heritage resources. Due to different reasons, Ethiopia has various cultural heritage resources residing in different countries. Started in the second half of the 19th century, different Ethiopian regimes have been working to recover the country’s cultural heritage treasures. Thus, the purpose of this article is to explore the endeavours that have been exerted to recover the cultural heritage of Ethiopia to their original place. As this article reveals, differed from other African countries’ endeavour for the restitution of their looted cultural treasures, Ethiopia’s approach to recover its cultural heritage is somewhat unique. This paper also argues that, although Ethiopia has been working for a century and a half to restitute its cultural heritages, the endeavours of Ethiopian governments to recover Ethiopia’s priceless cultural heritage have still been minimal. The efforts to recover Ethiopian cultural heritage have shown progress with increasing magnitude. However, large-scale endeavors are still needed to bring back the priceless cultural heritage resources to their country of origin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage" title=" cultural heritage"> cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plundered%20heritage" title=" plundered heritage"> plundered heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recovering%20cultural%20heritage" title=" recovering cultural heritage"> recovering cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endeavor%20to%20recover%20cultural%20heritage" title=" endeavor to recover cultural heritage"> endeavor to recover cultural heritage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185297/recovering-cultural-heritage-historical-insights-into-ethiopias-unique-approach-and-present-challenges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185297.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1102</span> Between Dark and Light: The Construction and the Exclusion of Memory of Prison Heritage in Post-Soviet Period</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guo%20Cyuan%20Deng">Guo Cyuan Deng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study represents how the Soviet-occupied dark memory in Baltic countries were interpreted and represented by examining the way of management of prison heritage. Based on the formulation of a dark-tourism spectrum which Philip Stone proposed, the Patarei prison in Estonia and the Karosta prison in Latvia are compared, and it is thought that both prisons, which had experienced similar colonial history, face different tourism operation in the present. The former is being run by NGO and remain the situation of “empty" by art intervening. However, the Estonia government attempt to get the operation of museum and transform it to anti-Soviet museum in order show national identity. By contrast, the latter is being managed by private company, whom transformed the prison to "dark fun factories" by entertainment activities in order to private capital accumulation. Moreover, it is not only indicated that both prisons exclude the minority's memory, but also the flaws of dark-tourism spectrum which divide the dark and light are discussed. Finally, given the nature and function of dark heritage, the concept "le métro" is used to supplement Stone's spectrum. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dark%20tourism" title="dark tourism">dark tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prison%20heritage" title=" prison heritage"> prison heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Post-Soviet" title=" Post-Soviet"> Post-Soviet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baltic%20countries" title=" Baltic countries"> Baltic countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20identities" title=" national identities"> national identities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59381/between-dark-and-light-the-construction-and-the-exclusion-of-memory-of-prison-heritage-in-post-soviet-period" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59381.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1101</span> Linguistic Attitudes and Language Learning Needs of Heritage Language Learners of Spanish in the United States</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheryl%20Bernardo-Hinesley">Sheryl Bernardo-Hinesley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heritage language learners are students who have been raised in a home where a minority language is spoken, who speaks or merely understand the minority heritage language, but to some degree are bilingual in the majority and the heritage language. In view of the rising university enrollment by Hispanics in the United States who have chosen to study Spanish, university language programs are currently faced with challenges of accommodating the language needs of heritage language learners of Spanish. The present study investigates the heritage language perception and language attitudes by heritage language learners of Spanish, as well as their classroom language learning experiences and needs. In order to carry out the study, a qualitative survey was used to gather data from university students. Analysis of students' responses indicates that heritage learners are motivated to learn the heritage language. In relation to the aspects of focus of a language course for heritage learners, results show that the aspects of interest are accent marks and spelling, grammatical accuracy, vocabulary, writing, reading, and culture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20language%20learners" title="heritage language learners">heritage language learners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20acquisition" title=" language acquisition"> language acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistic%20attitudes" title=" linguistic attitudes"> linguistic attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spanish%20in%20the%20US" title=" Spanish in the US"> Spanish in the US</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104167/linguistic-attitudes-and-language-learning-needs-of-heritage-language-learners-of-spanish-in-the-united-states" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1100</span> Heritage Tree Expert Assessment and Classification: Malaysian Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.-Y.-S.%20Lau">B.-Y.-S. Lau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.-C.-T.%20Jonathan"> Y.-C.-T. Jonathan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.-S.%20Alias"> M.-S. Alias</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heritage trees are natural large, individual trees with exceptionally value due to association with age or event or distinguished people. In Malaysia, there is an abundance of tropical heritage trees throughout the country. It is essential to set up a repository of heritage trees to prevent valuable trees from being cut down. In this cross domain study, a web-based online expert system namely the Heritage Tree Expert Assessment and Classification (HTEAC) is developed and deployed for public to nominate potential heritage trees. Based on the nomination, tree care experts or arborists would evaluate and verify the nominated trees as heritage trees. The expert system automatically rates the approved heritage trees according to pre-defined grades via Delphi technique. Features and usability test of the expert system are presented. Preliminary result is promising for the system to be used as a full scale public system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arboriculture" title="arboriculture">arboriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Delphi" title=" Delphi"> Delphi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expert%20system" title=" expert system"> expert system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20tree" title=" heritage tree"> heritage tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20forestry" title=" urban forestry"> urban forestry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73407/heritage-tree-expert-assessment-and-classification-malaysian-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1099</span> The Nation in Turmoil: A Post - Colonial Critique of Mqapheli Mngdi's Cartoons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sizwe%20Dlamini">Sizwe Dlamini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There seems to be little that has been done to investigate cartoons from a literary criticism point of view. Cartoons have been given attention mostly in semiotics as compared to other scholarly perspectives. The aim of this article is to attempt to bridge this gap by observing cartoons through the post-colonial approach as a literary theory. Even though the post-colonial approach has been previously adopted to critique the prose genre and other genres in the African indigenous languages of South Africa, there seems to be no study that has used this approach to analyse the cartoon genre. This study is thus believed to be valuable to scientific knowledge in this sense. The study adopts textual analysis as a qualitative research technique since cartoons are the primary sources of data collection. Through the application of the post-colonial theory, the findings of the study demonstrate that there are depicted socio-cultural, socio-economic, and political issues in Mngadi’s editorial cartoons. These include. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=editorial%20cartoons" title="editorial cartoons">editorial cartoons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-colonial%20theory" title=" post-colonial theory"> post-colonial theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=literary%20criticism" title=" literary criticism"> literary criticism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turmoil" title=" turmoil"> turmoil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189382/the-nation-in-turmoil-a-post-colonial-critique-of-mqapheli-mngdis-cartoons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">19</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1098</span> Urban Growth Outside the Walled City of Tripoli, Libya: Two Colonial Approaches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fathia%20Elmenghawi">Fathia Elmenghawi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The transformation of cities under colonial rule has received a great deal of scholarly work. Colonizers interpret their colonies differently and many urban and planning approaches can be traced. This paper focuses on the colonial approaches of urban expansion in the city of Tripoli, Libya during two colonial periods, the late Ottomans and the Italians, from the 1830s to 1940s. Both had perceived their approaches to the city’s expansion as means of practicing dominance over the colonized under the disguise of facilitating the process of modernization of the city. This research uses a historical method that based on archival documents such as maps, photos, and publications to uncover the planning practices followed by the two colonizers. The findings indicate that despite the similar intentions that both colonizers had when they expanded the city, one striking difference was distinguished, which is how the Ottomans and the Italians planned to treat the Walled City as, respectively, either a context for expansion or as merely remains to marginalize. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colonial%20urban%20planning" title="colonial urban planning">colonial urban planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Italian%20colonization" title=" Italian colonization"> Italian colonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ottoman%20provinces" title=" Ottoman provinces"> Ottoman provinces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walled%20city" title=" walled city"> walled city</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117640/urban-growth-outside-the-walled-city-of-tripoli-libya-two-colonial-approaches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1097</span> Community Development and Preservation of Heritage in Igbo Area of Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elochukwu%20A.%20Nwankwo">Elochukwu A. Nwankwo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthias%20U.%20Agboeze"> Matthias U. Agboeze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many heritage sites abound in the shores of Nigeria with enormous tourism potentials. Heritage sites do not only depict the cultural and historical transmutation of people but also functions in the image design and promotion of a locality. This reveals the unique role of heritage sites to structural development of an area. Heritage sites have of recent been a victim of degradation and social abuse arising from seasonal ignorance; hence minimizing its potentials to the socio-economic development of an area. This paper is emphasizing on the adoption of community development approaches in heritage preservation in Igbo area. Its modalities, applications, challenges and prospect were discussed. Such understanding will serve as a catalyst in aiding general restoration and preservation of heritage sites in Nigeria and other African states. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20resources" title="heritage resources">heritage resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20development" title=" community development"> community development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preservation" title=" preservation"> preservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=approaches" title=" approaches"> approaches</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6192/community-development-and-preservation-of-heritage-in-igbo-area-of-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6192.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1096</span> Heritage Landmark of Penang: Segara Ninda, a Mix of Culture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Normah%20Sulaiman">Normah Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Zhi%20Kang"> Yong Zhi Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Hayati%20Hussain"> Nor Hayati Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Rehman%20Khalid"> Abdul Rehman Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Segara Ninda owned by Din Ku Meh, the governor of the province Satul, a Malay man with a big role liaising with Thailand. This mansion is part of the legacy he left behind among other properties in George Town, Penang, besides his family. The island’s geographical location is strategic which has benefitted it through important trade routes for Europe, Middle, East, India, and China in the past. Due to this reasoning, various architectural styles were introduced in Penang; Late Straits Eclectic style is one of the forms of the Colonial Architectural style widely spread as vernacular shophouses in George Town. Segara Ninda is located among the mixture of nouveau-riche, historical and heritage sites at the most important street; Penang Road, which dated back to the late 18th century. This paper examines the strait eclectic style that Segara Ninda encompasses. Acknowledging the mixture of colonial architecture in Georgetown, we argue that the mansion faces challenging issues in conservation processes to be vindicated. This is reflected by analysing the spatial layout, visual elements quality, and its activity through interviews with the occupants of the mansion. The focus will be on the understanding of building form, features, and functions; respecting the architectural spaces and their activity. The methodology applied is to promote our understanding of the mix of culture that the mansion holds through documentation, observation and measuring exercises. This offers a positional interpretation of the mix of culture that the mansion holds. This conservation effort will further contribute exposure to the public and recognize it in the society as its essence is a deficiency character to the existing built environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eclectic" title="eclectic">eclectic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage" title=" heritage"> heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20organization" title=" spatial organization"> spatial organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93452/heritage-landmark-of-penang-segara-ninda-a-mix-of-culture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93452.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1095</span> Cultural Heritage, War and Heritage Legislations: An Empirical Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gebrekiros%20Welegebriel%20Asfaw">Gebrekiros Welegebriel Asfaw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The conservation of cultural heritage during times of war is a topic of significant importance and concern in the field of heritage studies. The destruction, looting, and illicit acts against cultural heritages have devastating consequences. International and national legislations have been put in place to address these issues and provide a legal framework for protecting cultural heritage during armed conflicts. Thus, the aim of this review is to examine the existing heritage legislations and evaluate their effectiveness in protecting cultural heritage during times of war with a special insight of the Tigray war. The review is based on a comprehensive empirical analysis of existing heritage legislations related to the protection of cultural heritage during war, with a special focus on the Tigray war. The review reveals that there are several international and national legislations in place to protect cultural heritage during times of war. However, the implementation of these legislations has been insufficient and ineffective in the case of the Tigray war. The priceless cultural heritages in Tigray, which were once the centers of investment and world pride were, have been subjected to destruction, looting, and other illicit acts, in violation of both international conventions such as the UNESCO Convention and national legislations. Therefore, there is a need for consistent intervention and enforcement of different legislations from the international community and organizations to rehabilitate, repatriate, and reinstitute the irreplaceable heritages of Tigray. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage" title="cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20legislations" title=" heritage legislations"> heritage legislations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tigray" title=" tigray"> tigray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=war" title=" war"> war</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172874/cultural-heritage-war-and-heritage-legislations-an-empirical-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1094</span> The World Heritage List: A Big Data Spatial Econometrics Approach to Sites Promoting the Brand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Wuepper">David Wuepper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marc%20Patry"> Marc Patry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> UNESCO’s World Heritage program requests the inscribed locations to promote the World Heritage brand by clearly presenting information about it on-site. Based on feedback from over 319,000 visitors at 791 locations, we create an index that shows how much the World Heritage sites actually brand themselves as such. We find great heterogeneity throughout the list and explain this econometrically mostly with the economic benefit for the sites but also with cultural brand preferences, which are highest in Asia, followed by Europe and North America. We also find a positive relationship between World Heritage branding and conservation status and a U-shaped relationship between visitor numbers and WH branding. Based on our findings, we recommend to make clear World Heritage branding mandatory for all sites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UNESCO%20World%20Heritage" title="UNESCO World Heritage">UNESCO World Heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20brand" title=" collective brand"> collective brand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20tourism" title=" cultural tourism"> cultural tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20conservation" title=" heritage conservation"> heritage conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20equity" title=" brand equity"> brand equity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20econometrics" title=" spatial econometrics"> spatial econometrics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16001/the-world-heritage-list-a-big-data-spatial-econometrics-approach-to-sites-promoting-the-brand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">588</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1093</span> Cultural Heritage Management and Tourism in Kosovo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valon%20Shkodra">Valon Shkodra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In our paper, we will give an overview of the cultural heritage and tourism in Kosovo. Kosovo has a history, culture, tradition and architecture that are different from those of other countries in the region, and each country has its own characteristics and peculiarities. In this paper, we will mainly present the situation of cultural heritage and its interpretation. The research is based on fieldwork and the aim of the research is to live the situation of cultural heritage and tourism. The reason why we chose this topic is that cultural heritage and tourism are now the most important industry developing many countries in the world. Besides the benefits that tourism brings, it also has an impact on the preservation, protection and promotion of culture in general. Kosovo, with its cultural diversity and very good geographical location, is also very well suited to develop these two areas as a bridge to each other. The cultural heritage holds traces from the earliest eras and shows a diversity of different civilizations that have just begun to be explored and presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage" title="cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economy" title=" economy"> economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutions" title=" institutions"> institutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection" title=" protection"> protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146920/cultural-heritage-management-and-tourism-in-kosovo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">224</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1092</span> Blending Values for Historic Neighborhood Upliftment: Case of Heritage Hotel in Ahmedabad</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasudha%20Saraogi">Vasudha Saraogi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heritage hotels are architectural marvels and embody a number of values of heritage discourses within them. The adaptive re-use of old structures to make them commercially viable as heritage hotels, not only boosts tourism and the local economy but also brings in development for the neighborhood in which it is located. This paper seeks to study the value created by heritage hotels in general and French Haveli (Ahmedabad) in particular using the single case study methodology. The paper draws upon the concept of the Italian model of Albergo Diffuso and its implementation via French Haveli, for value creation and development in Dhal Ni Pol (a historic neighborhood) while recognizing the importance of stakeholders to the process of the historic neighborhood upliftment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20discourses" title="heritage discourses">heritage discourses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historic%20neighborhoods" title=" historic neighborhoods"> historic neighborhoods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20hotel" title=" heritage hotel"> heritage hotel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Old%20City%20Ahmedabad" title=" Old City Ahmedabad"> Old City Ahmedabad</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132366/blending-values-for-historic-neighborhood-upliftment-case-of-heritage-hotel-in-ahmedabad" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132366.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1091</span> Arts and Cultural Heritage Digitalization in Nigeria: Problems and Prospects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Okechukwu%20Uzoma%20Nkwocha">Okechukwu Uzoma Nkwocha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edward%20Uche%20Omeire"> Edward Uche Omeire</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Information and communication technologies (ICT) undeniably, have expanded the sphere of arts and creativity. It proves to be an important tool for production, preservation, sharing and utilization of arts and cultural heritage. While art and heritage institutions around the globe are increasingly utilizing ICT for the promotion and sharing of their collections, the story seems different in most part of Africa. In this paper, we will examine the prospects and problems of utilizing ICT in promotion, preservation and sharing of arts and cultural heritage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arts" title="arts">arts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage" title=" cultural heritage"> cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digitalization" title=" digitalization"> digitalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT" title=" ICT"> ICT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125268/arts-and-cultural-heritage-digitalization-in-nigeria-problems-and-prospects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125268.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1090</span> Management of Cultural Heritage: Bologna Gates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alfonso%20Ippolito">Alfonso Ippolito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristiana%20Bartolomei"> Cristiana Bartolomei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A growing demand is felt today for realistic 3D models enabling the cognition and popularization of historical-artistic heritage. Evaluation and preservation of Cultural Heritage is inextricably connected with the innovative processes of gaining, managing, and using knowledge. The development and perfecting of techniques for acquiring and elaborating photorealistic 3D models, made them pivotal elements for popularizing information of objects on the scale of architectonic structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage" title="cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=databases" title=" databases"> databases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-contact%20survey" title=" non-contact survey"> non-contact survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2D-3D%20models" title=" 2D-3D models"> 2D-3D models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29990/management-of-cultural-heritage-bologna-gates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1089</span> Traditional Management Systems and the Conservation of Cultural and Natural Heritage: Multiple Case Studies in Zimbabwe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nyasha%20Agnes%20Gurira">Nyasha Agnes Gurira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petronella%20Katekwe"> Petronella Katekwe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Traditional management systems (TMS) are a vital source of knowledge for conserving cultural and natural heritage. TMS’s are renowned for their ability to preserve both tangible and intangible manifestations of heritage. They are a construct of the intricate relationship that exists between heritage and host communities, where communities are recognized as owners of heritage and so, set up management mechanisms to ensure its adequate conservation. Multiple heritage condition surveys were conducted to assess the effectiveness of using TMS in the conservation of both natural and cultural heritage. Surveys were done at Nharira Hills, Mahwemasimike, Dzimbahwe, Manjowe Rock art sites and Norumedzo forest which are heritage places in Zimbabwe. It assessed the state of conservation of the five case studies and assessed the role that host communities play in the management of these heritage places. It was revealed that TMS’s are effective in the conservation of natural heritage, however in relation to heritage forms with cultural manifestations, there are major disparities. These range from differences in appreciation and perception of value within communities leading to vandalism, over emphasis in the conservation of the intangible element as opposed to the tangible. This leaves the tangible element at risk. Despite these issues, TMS are a reliable knowledge base which enables more holistic conservation approaches for cultural and natural heritage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communities" title="communities">communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20intangible" title=" cultural intangible"> cultural intangible</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tangible%20heritage" title=" tangible heritage"> tangible heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20management%20systems" title=" traditional management systems"> traditional management systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural" title=" natural"> natural</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81685/traditional-management-systems-and-the-conservation-of-cultural-and-natural-heritage-multiple-case-studies-in-zimbabwe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81685.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">561</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1088</span> A Desire to be ‘Recognizable and Reformed’: Natives’ Identity in Walcott’s “Dream on Monkey Mountain”</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Khurram">S. Khurram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Mubashar"> N. Mubashar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper examines, through the lens of Postcolonial Theory, how natives resist and react in Derrek Walcott’s “Dream on Monkey Mountain”. It aims at how natives, for being ‘recognized and reformed’, mimic and adapt the white’s ways of living. It also focuses how Walcott expresses natives’ reaction when they cannot construct their identity. Moreover, the paper exploits the Homi. K Bhaba’s concept of Mimicry and Berry’s concepts of Hybridity to explain Caribbean native’s plight. Furthermore, it bring forth Walcott’s deep insight into the psychology of the Caribbean natives. He digs deep into the colonial discourse to reconstruct post-colonial identity and he, as a post-colonial writer, does so by deconstructing colonial ideology of racism by resisting against it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postcolonial%20theory" title="postcolonial theory">postcolonial theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mimicry" title=" mimicry"> mimicry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybridity" title=" hybridity"> hybridity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction" title=" reaction"> reaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147454/a-desire-to-be-recognizable-and-reformed-natives-identity-in-walcotts-dream-on-monkey-mountain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1087</span> Understanding of Heritage Values within University Education Systems in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Tarek%20Mohamed%20Hammad">Mahmoud Tarek Mohamed Hammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the importance of the role and efforts made by the universities of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in reviving and preserving heritage architecture as an important cultural heritage in the Kingdom, The idea revolves around restoration and conservation processes and neglects the architectural heritage values, whose content can be used in sustainable contemporary architectural works. Educational values based on heritage architecture and how to integrate with the contemporary requirements were investigated in this research. For this purpose, by understanding the heritage architectural values as well as educational, academic process, the researcher presented an educational model of questionnaire forms for architecture students and the staff at the Architecture Department at Al-Baha University as a case study that serves the aims of the research. The results of the research show that heritage values especially those interview results are considered as a positive indicator of the importance of these values. The students and the staff need both to gain an understanding of heritage values as well as an understanding of theories of incorporating those values into the design process of contemporary local architecture. The research concludes that a correct understanding of the heritage values, its performance, and its reintegration with modern architecture technology should be focused on architectural education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20architecture" title="heritage architecture">heritage architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20work" title=" academic work"> academic work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20values" title=" heritage values"> heritage values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20contemporary%20local%20architectural" title=" sustainable contemporary local architectural"> sustainable contemporary local architectural</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119681/understanding-of-heritage-values-within-university-education-systems-in-the-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119681.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1086</span> Saving the Decolonized Subject from Neglected Tropical Diseases: Public Health Campaign and Household-Centred Sanitation in Colonial West Africa, 1900-1960</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adebisi%20David%20Alade">Adebisi David Alade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In pre-colonial West Africa, the deadliness of the climate vis-a- vis malaria and other tropical diseases to Europeans turned the region into the “white man’s grave.” Thus, immediately after the partition of Africa in 1885, civilisatrice and mise en valeur not only became a pretext for the establishment of colonial rule; from a medical point of view, the control and possible eradication of disease in the continent emerged as one of the first concerns of the European colonizers. Though geared toward making Africa exploitable, historical evidence suggests that some colonial Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) policies and projects reduced certain tropical diseases in some West African communities. Exploring some of these disease control interventions by way of historical revisionism, this paper challenges the orthodox interpretation of colonial sanitation and public health measures in West Africa. This paper critiques the deployment of race and class as analytical tools for the study of colonial WASH projects, an exercise which often reduces the complexity and ambiguity of colonialism to the binary of colonizer and the colonized. Since West Africa presently ranks high among regions with Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs), it is imperative to decentre colonial racism and economic exploitation in African history in order to give room for Africans to see themselves in other ways. Far from resolving the problem of NTDs by fiat in the region, this study seeks to highlight important blind spots in African colonial history in an attempt to prevent post-colonial African leaders from throwing away the baby with the bath water. As scholars researching colonial sanitation and public health in the continent rarely examine its complex meaning and content, this paper submits that the outright demonization of colonial rule across space and time continues to build ideological wall between the present and the past which not only inhibit fruitful borrowing from colonial administration of West Africa, but also prevents a wide understanding of the challenges of WASH policies and projects in most West African states. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colonial%20rule" title="colonial rule">colonial rule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease%20control" title=" disease control"> disease control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neglected%20tropical%20diseases" title=" neglected tropical diseases"> neglected tropical diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WASH" title=" WASH"> WASH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90249/saving-the-decolonized-subject-from-neglected-tropical-diseases-public-health-campaign-and-household-centred-sanitation-in-colonial-west-africa-1900-1960" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1085</span> Heritage Management of Wooden Monasteries in Mandalay</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Oo">Mary Oo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thet%20Oo"> Thet Oo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mandalay is home to the last dynasty of Myanmar and is rich in cultural heritage. In Mandalay, cultural heritage is still being seen today, in not only intangible but also many tangible heritages. Intangible heritage, a religious structure such as mosques, churches, stupas, temples, Buddha libraries and monasteries, comprise over 80%. Among these religious structures, the authors aim to study the wooden monasteries built in the 19th century and then propose heritage management for them. Although some of the wooden monasteries are being conserved by the government, NGOs or inhabitants in those buildings, because of the unsystematic management plan and some of the inappropriate traditional methods, even their authentic architectural values have been lost today. In this paper, four aspects are explored: 1) the architectural features of 19th-century wooden monasteries 2) the condition of the problems and challenges, 3) the analysis of the problems of them and finally, based on these above analyses, recommend the appropriate heritage management proposal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mandalay" title="Mandalay">Mandalay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wooden%20monasteries" title=" wooden monasteries"> wooden monasteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenges" title=" challenges"> challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problems" title=" problems"> problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20management%20proposal" title=" heritage management proposal"> heritage management proposal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160135/heritage-management-of-wooden-monasteries-in-mandalay" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1084</span> A Critical Evaluation of the Factors that Influence Visitor Engagement with U.K. Slavery Heritage Museums: A Passive Symbolic Netnographic Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shemroy%20Roberts">Shemroy Roberts</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite minor theoretical contributions in slavery heritage tourism research that have commented on the demand-side perspective, visitor behavior and engagement with slavery heritage attractions remain unexplored. Thus, there is a need for empirical studies and theoretical knowledge to understand visitor engagement with slavery heritage attractions, particularly U.K. slavery heritage museums. The purpose of this paper is to critically evaluate the factors that influence visitor engagement with U.K. slavery heritage museums. This qualitative research utilizes a passive symbolic ethnographic methodology. Seven U.K. slavery heritage museums will be used to collect data through unobtrusive internet-mediated observations of TripAdvisor reviews and online semi-structured interviews with managers and curators. Preliminary findings indicate that social media, prior knowledge, multiple motivations, cultural capital, and the design and layout of exhibits influence visitor engagement with slavery heritage museums. This research contributes to an understanding of visitor engagement with U.K. slavery heritage museums. The findings of this paper will provide insights into the factors that influence visitor engagement with U.K. slavery heritage museums to managers, curators, and decision-makers responsible for designing and managing those attractions. Therefore, the results of this paper will enable museum professionals to better manage visitor engagement with slavery heritage museums. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=museums" title="museums">museums</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=netnography" title=" netnography"> netnography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slavery" title=" slavery"> slavery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visitor%20engagement" title=" visitor engagement"> visitor engagement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140862/a-critical-evaluation-of-the-factors-that-influence-visitor-engagement-with-uk-slavery-heritage-museums-a-passive-symbolic-netnographic-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1083</span> Cultural Heritage Education in Preschools: Preschool Teachers' Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasemin%20Y%C3%BCcesan">Yasemin Yücesan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriela%20Portugal"> Gabriela Portugal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Figueiredo"> Maria Figueiredo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a part of an ongoing study on preschool teachers' perspectives and pedagogical practices regarding cultural heritage education. Accordingly, this study is based on a quantitative survey. The study area is Türkiye, and the research participants are preschool teachers actively teaching in preschool education institutions. It is necessary to encourage children to understand the past and cultural heritage values at an early age. Moreover, raising awareness of cultural heritage in preschool children is crucial for recognising and preserving this heritage. Therefore, it is very important to provide people with cultural heritage knowledge at an early age, as the preschool period is a key factor in raising awareness of this issue. In the preschool education programme implemented in Türkiye, it is stated that cultural heritage education is important in early childhood and should be included in the programme. However, although it is stated that cultural heritage education should be included in the preschool education programme, it is not clearly stated which subjects will be included in the programme and what kind of practices will be carried out. Therefore, this study examines the perspectives and pedagogical practices of preschool teachers working in preschool education institutions toward cultural heritage education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage" title="cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20childhood%20education" title=" early childhood education"> early childhood education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedagogical%20practices" title=" pedagogical practices"> pedagogical practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preschool%20teacher" title=" preschool teacher"> preschool teacher</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188471/cultural-heritage-education-in-preschools-preschool-teachers-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">33</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1082</span> Highlighting Adverse Effects of Privatization of Heritage on Taj Mahal and Providing Solutions to Improve the Condition without Privatizing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avani%20Saraswat">Avani Saraswat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper studies the present condition of Taj Mahal (the UNESCO world heritage site) and the reasons behind deterioration. Analysis is done to explore the reasons behind this building to be included in the list of adopt heritage scheme, by the Government of India. The aim is to find out the future effects on Taj Mahal after being adopted by a private body. Finally, it suggests solutions which can lead to improvement of the present condition of the building. In order to establish a research, a further analysis is done through a case study of Red Fort, New Delhi (another UNESCO world heritage site). This monument was given to Dalmia Group of India Pvt. Ltd. for the tenure of 5 years. Paper discusses the consequences of privatization on Red Fort and then analyze it for Taj Mahal. It terms monument as riches of a heritage chest, not as a commercial tourist place. The study is concluded with the ideas and suggestions proposed for saving Taj Mahal and advantages on improving the health of the building. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privatisation%20of%20heritage" title="privatisation of heritage">privatisation of heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage" title=" heritage"> heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taj%20Mahal" title=" Taj Mahal"> Taj Mahal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adopt%20heritage%20scheme" title=" adopt heritage scheme"> adopt heritage scheme</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99754/highlighting-adverse-effects-of-privatization-of-heritage-on-taj-mahal-and-providing-solutions-to-improve-the-condition-without-privatizing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1081</span> Visitor Discourses of European Holocaust Heritage: A Netnography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Craig%20Wight">Craig Wight</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This presentation will identify the key findings from a recent netnographic discourse analysis of social media content generated in response to visits to three iconic European Holocaust Heritage sites: Ann Frank’s House in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, the Auschwutz-Birkenau Memorial Museum and Memorial in Poland, and the Jewish Museum in Berlin, Germany. Four major discourses are identified under the headings of Holocaust heritage as social memory, reactions to Holocaust heritage, obligation and ritual, and transgressive visitor behaviour. Together, these discourses frame the values, existential anxieties, emotions, priorities, and expectations of visitors. The findings will interest those involved in the planning and management of Holocaust heritage for tourism purposes since they provide unique access to an archive of unmediated visitor feedback on European Holocaust heritage experiences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foucault" title="foucault">foucault</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=european%20holocaust%20heritage" title=" european holocaust heritage"> european holocaust heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse%20analysis" title=" discourse analysis"> discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=netnography" title=" netnography"> netnography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dark%20tourism" title=" dark tourism"> dark tourism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155428/visitor-discourses-of-european-holocaust-heritage-a-netnography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155428.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1080</span> Risk Management Strategy for Protecting Cultural Heritage: Case Study of the Institute of Egypt </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amany%20A.%20Ragheb">Amany A. Ragheb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Ragheb"> Ghada Ragheb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abd%20ElRahman%20A."> Abd ElRahman A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Egypt has a countless heritage of mansions, castles, cities, towns, villages, industrial and manufacturing sites. This richness of heritage provides endless and matchless prospects for culture. Despite being famous worldwide, Egypt’s heritage still is in constant need of protection. Political conflicts and religious revolutions form a direct threat to buildings in various areas, historic, archaeological sites, and religious monuments. Egypt has witnessed two revolutions in less than 60 years; both had an impact on its architectural heritage. In this paper, the authors aim to review legal and policy framework to protect the cultural heritage and present the risk management strategy for cultural heritage in conflict. Through a review of selected international models of devastated architectural heritage in conflict zones and highlighting some of their changes, we can learn from the experiences of other countries to assist towards the development of a methodology to halt the plundering of architectural heritage. Finally, the paper makes an effort to enhance the formulation of a risk management strategy for protection and conservation of cultural heritage, through which to end the plundering of Egypt’s architectural legacy in the Egyptian community (revolutions, 1952 and 2011); and by presenting to its surrounding community the benefits derived from maintaining it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage" title="cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20regulation" title=" legal regulation"> legal regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20management" title=" risk management"> risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preservation" title=" preservation"> preservation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76793/risk-management-strategy-for-protecting-cultural-heritage-case-study-of-the-institute-of-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1079</span> Developing Open-Air Museum: The Heritage Conservation Effort, Oriented to Geotourism Concept and Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rinaldi%20Ikhram">Rinaldi Ikhram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20A.%20Julia%20Satriani"> R. A. Julia Satriani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The discovery of historical objects in Indonesia, especially in the area around Bandung and Priangan zone in general, have been inventorized and recorded by Dutch geologists during the colonial time. Among artefacts such as axes made of chalcedony and quartzite; arrowheads, knives, shrivel, and drill bit all made from obsidian; grindstones, even bracelet from stones. Ceramic mold for smelting bronze or iron were also found. The abundance of artefacts inspired DR. W. Docters van Leeuwen and his colleagues to initiate the establishment of Sunda Open-air Museum "Soenda Openlucht Museum" in 1917, located in the hills of North Bandung area, the site of pre-historic settlements that needs conservation. Unfortunately, this plan was not implemented because shortly after, World War II occurred. The efforts of heritage conservation is one of our responsibilities as a geologist today. Open-air Museum may be one of the solutions of heritage conservation for historic sites around the world. In this paper, the study of the development of Open-air Museum will be focused on the area of Dago, North Bandung. Method used is data analysis of field surveys, and data analysis of the remaining artefacts stored at both the National Museum in Jakarta, and the Bandung Museum of Geology. The museum is based on Geotourism and further research on pre-historic culture, while its purpose is to give people a common interest and to motivate them to participate in the research and conservation of pre-historic relics. This paper will describe more details about the concept, form, and management of the geopark and the Open-air Museum within. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geoparks" title="geoparks">geoparks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20conservation" title=" heritage conservation"> heritage conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open-air%20museum" title=" open-air museum"> open-air museum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20tourism" title=" sustainable tourism "> sustainable tourism </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18418/developing-open-air-museum-the-heritage-conservation-effort-oriented-to-geotourism-concept-and-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary 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