Stokes, George Gabriel - Hrvatska enciklopedija

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VIII. 1819.<br />Umr(la)o: Cambridge, 1. II. 1903.<br /></div> </div> <div class="ilustracije card bg-light"> <figure clas="figure"><a data-lightbox="galerija" data-title="STOKES, George Gabriel" href="https://enciklopedija.hr/slike/he/slike/HE10_0039.jpg"><img src="https://enciklopedija.hr/slike/he/slike/HE10_0039.jpg" " class="figure-img img-thumbnail rounded" alt="ilustracija" /></a><figcaption class="figure-caption">STOKES, George Gabriel<br /></figure> </div> </div> <div class="clanak"> <a name="clanak"></a> <div><p><span style="color:#8B2323"><b>Stokes</b></span> <span style="color: #000000">[stuks],</span> <span style="color:#8B2323"><b>George Gabriel,</b></span> <nac>englesko-irski</nac> <dj>matematičar i fizičar</dj> (<mr>Skreen, Irska</mr>, <dr>13. VIII. 1819</dr> – <sm>Cambridge</sm>, <ds>1. II. 1903</ds>). Diplomirao 1841. na Sveučili&scaron;tu u Cambridgeu, gdje je bio profesor matematike od 1849. do kraja života.</p><p>Bavio se istraživanjem <a href="https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/viskoznost">viskoznosti</a> fluida (1845) i pridonio formulaciji jednadžba koje opisuju viskoznost (Stokesov zakon, 1851). Proučavajući povr&scaron;inske valove, razvio je nelinearnu teoriju solitona, valnih paketa koji trajno zadržavaju svoj oblik (1847). Proučavao je promjene gravitacijske sile na Zemljinoj povr&scaron;ini (1849). Objavio je nekoliko istraživanja koja se odnose na valnu teoriju svjetlosti, npr. rad o difrakciji (1849), objasnio je pojavu fluorescencije (1852), unaprijedio <a href="https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/heliograf">heliograf</a> (1879). Autor je važnih radova iz matematike (npr. Stokesov teorem u analizi, 1854). Bio je član (od 1851) i predsjednik (1885–90) <a href="https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/royal-society">Royal Society</a>. Po njem su nazvani krateri na Mjesecu i na Marsu (Stokes).</p><p><span style="color: #000000"><i><b>Stokesov teorem:</b></i></span> linijski integral <a href="https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/vektorska-funkcija">vektorske funkcije</a> <span style="color: #000000"><i><b>v</b></i></span> uzet po nekoj zatvorenoj, po dijelovima glatkoj krivulji <span style="color: #000000"><i>C</i></span> jednak je povr&scaron;inskom integralu rotacije te funkcije po plohi <span style="color: #000000"><i>S</i></span> koja je po dijelovima glatka i koju omeđuje krivulja <span style="color: #000000"><i>C</i></span>, tj.</p><p><span style="color:#00FF00"><img style="vertical-align:middle" src="https://media.lzmk.hr/he/wmf/Stokes George Gabriel.jpg" alt="Stokes George Gabriel.jpg"/></span>.</p><p><span style="color: #000000"><i><b>Stokesov zakon:</b></i></span> glatko sferno tijelo koje se giba u viskoznom fluidu, ili taj fluid laminarno struji oko njega, svladava silu otpora koja iznosi: <span style="color: #000000"><i>F</i></span> = 6π<span style="color: #000000"><i>ηvr</i></span>, gdje je <span style="color: #000000"><i>η</i></span> dinamička viskoznost, <span style="color: #000000"><i>v</i></span> brzina tijela, <span style="color: #000000"><i>r</i></span> polumjer sfernoga tijela.</p><p><span style="color: #000000"><i><b>Stokesov pomak:</b></i></span> valna duljina emitiranoga elektromagnetskog zračenja pri radioluminiscenciji uvijek je veća ili jednaka valnoj duljini zračenja koje ju je izazvalo.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container citiranje"> Citiranje: <p> Stokes, George Gabriel. <i>Hrvatska enciklopedija</i>, <i>mrežno izdanje.</i> Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, 2013. – 2025. 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Stokes, George Gabriel - Hrvatska enciklopedija